40:
1374:
1072:
886:
2235:
2801:
2496:
2099:
2527:
2111:
2539:
2813:
2515:
2123:
1084:
health, crops and ecosystems. Examples of problems which have been addressed by atmospheric chemistry include acid rain, photochemical smog and global warming. Atmospheric chemistry seeks to understand the causes of these problems, and by obtaining a theoretical understanding of them, allow possible solutions to be tested and the effects of changes in government policy evaluated.
1357:— and corresponding regions of the atmospheres of other planets, where the entire atmosphere may correspond to the Earth's upper atmosphere or a portion of it. A branch of both atmospheric chemistry and atmospheric physics, aeronomy contrasts with meteorology, which focuses on the layers of the atmosphere below the stratopause. In atmospheric regions studied by aeronomers,
1145:
Atmospheric physics is the application of physics to the study of the atmosphere. Atmospheric physicists attempt to model Earth's atmosphere and the atmospheres of the other planets using fluid flow equations, chemical models, radiation balancing, and energy transfer processes in the atmosphere and
1083:
The composition and chemistry of the atmosphere is of importance for several reasons, but primarily because of the interactions between the atmosphere and living organisms. The composition of the Earth's atmosphere has been changed by human activity and some of these changes are harmful to human
1466:
Hot
Jupiters have been shown to be losing their atmospheres into space due to stellar radiation, much like the tails of comets. These planets may have vast differences in temperature between their day and night sides which produce supersonic winds, although the day and night sides of HD 189733b
1079:
Atmospheric chemistry is a branch of atmospheric science in which the chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere and that of other planets is studied. It is a multidisciplinary field of research and draws on environmental chemistry, physics, meteorology, computer modeling, oceanography, geology and
1162:, each of which incorporate high levels of mathematics and physics. Atmospheric physics has close links to meteorology and climatology and also covers the design and construction of instruments for studying the atmosphere and the interpretation of the data they provide, including
1227:
systems lasting up to a few weeks, climatology studies the frequency and trends of those systems. It studies the periodicity of weather events over years to millennia, as well as changes in long-term average weather patterns, in relation to atmospheric conditions.
1131:, developing methods for predicting seasonal and interannual climate fluctuations, and understanding the implications of human-induced perturbations (e.g., increased carbon dioxide concentrations or depletion of the ozone layer) on the global climate.
1218:
Is a science that bases its more general knowledge of the more specialized disciplines of meteorology, oceanography, geology, and astronomy, which in turn are based on the basic sciences of physics, chemistry, and mathematics. In contrast to
1395:
All of the Solar System's planets have atmospheres. This is because their gravity is strong enough to keep gaseous particles close to the surface. Larger gas giants are massive enough to keep large amounts of the light gases
1232:, those who practice climatology, study both the nature of climates – local, regional or global – and the natural or human-induced factors that cause climates to change. Climatology considers the past and tries to
1098:
Atmospheric dynamics is the study of motion systems of meteorological importance, integrating observations at multiple locations and times and theories. Common topics studied include diverse phenomena such as
1408:. The composition of the Earth's atmosphere is different from the other planets because the various life processes that have transpired on the planet have introduced free molecular
1885:
Harrington, Jason; Hansen, Brad M.; Luszcz, Statia H.; Seager, Sara (2006). "The phase-dependent infrared brightness of the extrasolar planet
Andromeda b".
1431:
Planetary atmospheres are affected by the varying degrees of energy received from either the Sun or their interiors, leading to the formation of dynamic
2577:
1824:
Ballester, Gilda E.; Sing, David K.; Herbert, Floyd (2007). "The signature of hot hydrogen in the atmosphere of the extrasolar planet HD 209458b".
1123:, and global-scale circulations. The goal of dynamical studies is to explain the observed circulations on the basis of fundamental principles from
2161:
1170:
239:
1802:
1467:
appear to have very similar temperatures, indicating that planet's atmosphere effectively redistributes the star's energy around the planet.
1174:
1694:
825:
2440:
2445:
1038:) is sometimes used as an alternative term for the study of Earth's atmosphere; in other definitions, aerology is restricted to the
2817:
1600:
Sheppard, S. S.; Jewitt, D.; Kleyna, J. (2005). "An
Ultradeep Survey for Irregular Satellites of Uranus: Limits to Completeness".
2519:
1986:
2570:
1584:
17:
1146:
underlying oceans and land. In order to model weather systems, atmospheric physicists employ elements of scattering theory,
2154:
815:
954:
is the study of atmospheric changes (both long and short-term) that define average climates and their change over time
872:
820:
232:
203:
2543:
2506:
2450:
1664:
1080:
volcanology and other disciplines. Research is increasingly connected with other areas of study such as climatology.
914:
2805:
2563:
2455:
802:
39:
2471:
2127:
2011:
2781:
2500:
2147:
1417:
1169:
In the United
Kingdom, atmospheric studies are underpinned by the Meteorological Office. Divisions of the U.S.
145:
71:
2839:
2663:
2435:
700:
225:
59:
1959:
1960:
National Center for
Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Archives, documents the history of the atmospheric sciences
1938:
2786:
2684:
2369:
1979:
2291:
2224:
1463:, has been claimed to possess such a weather system, similar to the Great Red Spot but twice as large.
1244:
1229:
1093:
862:
213:
113:
54:
1727:; Fortney, Jonathan J. (2007). "A map of the day-night contrast of the extrasolar planet HD 189733b".
1050:
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2281:
2006:
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867:
208:
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1602:
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1193:
1043:
963:
1794:
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2276:
2199:
2103:
1724:
1576:
Aeronomy of the Middle
Atmosphere : Chemistry and Physics of the Stratosphere and Mesosphere
1248:
857:
198:
155:
2766:
2668:
2333:
1972:
1425:
726:
1495:
2745:
2729:
2625:
2615:
2298:
2170:
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1387:
1155:
1116:
1066:
939:
907:
721:
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160:
66:
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1287:), and the chemical and physical composition of the atmosphere. Related disciplines include
2286:
2271:
2266:
1904:
1833:
1746:
1722:
1621:
1421:
1075:
Composition diagram showing the evolution/cycles of various elements in Earth's atmosphere.
839:
437:
8:
2610:
2359:
1560:
1378:
1292:
1173:(NOAA) oversee research projects and weather modeling involving atmospheric physics. The
1140:
1128:
947:
943:
931:
834:
731:
670:
496:
49:
1908:
1837:
1750:
1625:
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2689:
2620:
2531:
2414:
2074:
1928:
1894:
1867:
1770:
1736:
1637:
1611:
1448:
1304:
506:
484:
391:
352:
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1780:
2653:
2526:
2374:
2110:
1920:
1859:
1762:
1660:
1580:
1256:
979:
971:
736:
1932:
1641:
1071:
2750:
2719:
2658:
2419:
2409:
2404:
2394:
2379:
1953:
1912:
1871:
1849:
1841:
1774:
1754:
1629:
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1264:
1197:
1147:
1112:
900:
614:
501:
413:
256:
138:
108:
96:
885:
2771:
2338:
2259:
2189:
2069:
1456:
1444:
1054:
1039:
1002:
807:
582:
285:
2234:
2699:
2481:
2476:
1452:
1432:
1237:
1201:
1163:
955:
890:
797:
631:
150:
101:
27:
Study of the atmosphere, its processes, and its interactions with other systems
2833:
2343:
2204:
1995:
1476:
1252:
1151:
1100:
1021:
753:
707:
653:
602:
489:
1916:
2776:
2399:
2328:
2219:
2079:
2064:
1924:
1863:
1766:
1324:
1288:
1108:
983:
643:
567:
398:
2555:
2084:
2059:
1899:
1683:, In: Mercury (A89-43751 19–91). University of Arizona Press, pp. 562–612
1616:
1460:
1382:
1354:
1328:
1220:
1213:
994:
951:
935:
792:
680:
675:
638:
587:
518:
464:
420:
408:
357:
124:
82:
2139:
1845:
1758:
2600:
2049:
2044:
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1440:
1413:
1362:
1316:
1312:
1284:
1276:
1260:
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998:
967:
787:
770:
712:
660:
523:
459:
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374:
369:
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315:
2724:
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2254:
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2209:
2054:
1823:
1799:
University of
Arizona, Lunar and Planetary Laboratory (Press Release)
1436:
1320:
1296:
990:
970:
are important. Atmospheric science has been extended to the field of
782:
777:
572:
562:
474:
442:
425:
386:
364:
320:
1633:
1397:
1340:
1280:
1272:
959:
577:
180:
171:
1741:
2323:
2318:
2249:
2194:
2039:
2034:
1308:
1300:
1224:
1124:
1104:
743:
621:
609:
557:
540:
511:
469:
432:
379:
308:
264:
133:
91:
1964:
1795:"Hubble Probes Layer-cake Structure of Alien World's Atmosphere"
1956: – Principles such as Advection, Deformation and Vorticity
1409:
1401:
1268:
975:
545:
533:
528:
295:
290:
280:
273:
1405:
1350:
1034:
1010:
1006:
989:
Experimental instruments used in atmospheric science include
748:
685:
347:
340:
1412:. Much of Mercury's atmosphere has been blasted away by the
765:
665:
648:
626:
552:
1404:
close by, while the smaller planets lose these gases into
962:
is the study of the upper layers of the atmosphere, where
1659:(4th ed.). Saunders College Publishing. p. 67.
1654:
1029:
760:
1416:. The only moon that has retained a dense atmosphere is
1368:
1127:. The objectives of such studies incorporate improving
1792:
1679:
Hunten D. M., Shemansky D. E., Morgan T. H. (1988),
1599:
1954:Atmospheric fluid dynamics applied to weather maps
934:and its various inner-working physical processes.
1243:Phenomena of climatological interest include the
1177:also carries out studies of the high atmosphere.
2831:
1655:Zeilik, Michael A.; Gregory, Stephan A. (1998).
1267:), interactions between the atmosphere and the
1171:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
1459:(on Neptune). At least one extrasolar planet,
2571:
2155:
1980:
1175:U.S. National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center
908:
233:
2585:
1793:Weaver, D.; Villard, R. (31 January 2007).
1188:interact with the atmosphere, creating the
2578:
2564:
2162:
2148:
1987:
1973:
1718:
1716:
915:
901:
240:
226:
2169:
1898:
1853:
1740:
1723:Knutson, Heather A.; Charbonneau, David;
1657:Introductory Astronomy & Astrophysics
1615:
1545:Ultraviolet radiation in the solar system
1572:
1372:
1345:Aeronomy is the scientific study of the
1070:
1060:
974:and the study of the atmospheres of the
1713:
1087:
14:
2832:
1692:
1686:
1424:, and a trace of an atmosphere on the
1134:
2559:
2143:
1968:
1648:
1369:Atmospheres on other celestial bodies
2812:
2514:
2122:
1547:By Manuel Vázquez, Arnold Hanslmeier
1049:Early pioneers in the field include
2538:
1353:— the atmospheric layers above the
24:
1805:from the original on 8 August 2007
204:Glossary of tropical cyclone terms
25:
2856:
1994:
1947:
2811:
2800:
2799:
2537:
2525:
2513:
2495:
2494:
2233:
2121:
2109:
2098:
2097:
1420:. There is a thin atmosphere on
884:
38:
2472:Human impact on the environment
1878:
1817:
1786:
1695:"Weather, Weather, Everywhere?"
1693:Harvey, Samantha (1 May 2006).
2380:Public transport encouragement
1673:
1593:
1566:
1550:
1538:
1514:
1488:
1207:
146:Climate variability and change
13:
1:
1482:
7:
2787:Charles Thomson Rees Wilson
2685:Upper-atmospheric lightning
2370:Natural resource management
1470:
1334:
1223:, which studies short term
812:Severe weather terminology
274:Temperate and polar seasons
10:
2861:
1338:
1245:atmospheric boundary layer
1211:
1138:
1094:Synoptic scale meteorology
1091:
1064:
214:Glossary of climate change
2795:
2759:
2738:
2712:
2677:
2646:
2639:
2593:
2490:
2464:
2428:
2352:
2282:Environmental engineering
2242:
2231:
2177:
2093:
2020:
2002:
1579:. Springer. pp. xi.
1563:Retrieved on 1 June 2007.
1522:"Aerology - AMS Glossary"
1502:. Oxford University Press
1377:False-color image of the
1365:are important phenomena.
1194:Van Allen radiation belts
209:Glossary of tornado terms
2365:Environmental technology
2314:Environmental toxicology
2309:Environmental statistics
2304:Environmental humanities
1603:The Astronomical Journal
1557:University of Washington
1439:(on Earth), planet-wide
1044:planetary boundary layer
2587:Atmospheric electricity
2277:Environmental economics
2200:Environmental chemistry
1917:10.1126/science.1133904
1457:holes in the atmosphere
1451:on Jupiter (called the
1391:orbiter on October 2021
1051:Léon Teisserenc de Bort
1042:, the region above the
199:Glossary of meteorology
2767:Georg Wilhelm Richmann
2746:Electrodynamic tethers
2631:Earth's magnetic field
2334:Sustainability science
1697:. NASA. Archived from
1681:The Mercury atmosphere
1573:Brasseur, Guy (1984).
1392:
1275:surface (particularly
1182:Earth's magnetic field
1117:extratropical cyclones
1076:
946:with a major focus on
873:Tropical cyclone terms
2730:Equatorial electrojet
2626:Atmospheric chemistry
2299:Environmental studies
2171:Environmental science
2030:Environmental science
1561:Atmospheric Dynamics.
1376:
1359:chemical dissociation
1156:statistical mechanics
1074:
1067:Atmospheric chemistry
1061:Atmospheric chemistry
940:atmospheric chemistry
480:Extratropical cyclone
404:Air-mass thunderstorm
67:Atmospheric chemistry
18:Atmospheric scientist
2840:Atmospheric sciences
2616:Atmospheric dynamics
2287:Environmental health
2272:Environmental design
2267:Ecological economics
1526:glossary.ametsoc.org
1385:light, taken by the
1249:circulation patterns
1088:Atmospheric dynamics
930:is the study of the
840:Weather modification
438:Anticyclonic tornado
55:Atmospheric dynamics
32:Atmospheric sciences
2611:Atmospheric physics
2606:Atmospheric science
2456:Environment by year
2446:Research institutes
2360:Energy conservation
2185:Atmospheric science
2025:Atmospheric science
1909:2006Sci...314..623H
1846:10.1038/nature05525
1838:2007Natur.445..511B
1759:10.1038/nature05782
1751:2007Natur.447..183K
1626:2005AJ....129..518S
1379:atmosphere of Venus
1293:atmospheric physics
1141:Atmospheric physics
1135:Atmospheric physics
1129:weather forecasting
956:climate variability
948:weather forecasting
944:atmospheric physics
928:Atmospheric science
835:Weather forecasting
671:Rain and snow mixed
497:Subtropical cyclone
50:Atmospheric physics
34:
2654:Radio atmospherics
2621:Atmospheric dynamo
2532:Environment portal
2415:Water purification
2075:Physical geography
1447:), an Earth-sized
1393:
1305:physical geography
1077:
980:natural satellites
932:Earth's atmosphere
891:Weather portal
507:Atlantic hurricane
485:European windstorm
392:Volcanic lightning
353:Cumulonimbus cloud
30:
2827:
2826:
2708:
2707:
2678:Optical emissions
2647:ELF/VLF emissions
2553:
2552:
2375:Pollution control
2137:
2136:
1586:978-94-009-6403-7
1198:telluric currents
1113:tropical cyclones
972:planetary science
925:
924:
250:
249:
16:(Redirected from
2852:
2815:
2814:
2803:
2802:
2751:Magnetotellurics
2720:Solar irradiance
2644:
2643:
2640:Electromagnetism
2580:
2573:
2566:
2557:
2556:
2541:
2540:
2529:
2517:
2516:
2498:
2497:
2420:Waste management
2410:Urban metabolism
2405:Sewage treatment
2395:Renewable energy
2237:
2164:
2157:
2150:
2141:
2140:
2125:
2124:
2113:
2101:
2100:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1966:
1965:
1942:
1936:
1902:
1900:astro-ph/0610491
1882:
1876:
1875:
1857:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1744:
1720:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1701:on 8 August 2007
1690:
1684:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1619:
1617:astro-ph/0410059
1597:
1591:
1590:
1570:
1564:
1554:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1492:
1347:upper atmosphere
1148:wave propagation
1003:weather balloons
917:
910:
903:
889:
888:
502:Tropical cyclone
414:Dry thunderstorm
309:Tropical seasons
252:
251:
242:
235:
228:
109:Tropical cyclone
42:
35:
29:
21:
2860:
2859:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2830:
2829:
2828:
2823:
2791:
2772:Egon Schweidler
2755:
2734:
2704:
2695:St. Elmo's fire
2673:
2635:
2589:
2584:
2554:
2549:
2486:
2460:
2424:
2348:
2339:Systems ecology
2238:
2229:
2190:Biogeochemistry
2173:
2168:
2138:
2133:
2089:
2070:Paleogeoscience
2016:
1998:
1993:
1950:
1945:
1893:(5799): 623–6.
1883:
1879:
1832:(7127): 511–4.
1822:
1818:
1808:
1806:
1791:
1787:
1735:(7141): 183–6.
1721:
1714:
1704:
1702:
1691:
1687:
1678:
1674:
1667:
1653:
1649:
1598:
1594:
1587:
1571:
1567:
1555:
1551:
1543:
1539:
1530:
1528:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1505:
1503:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1473:
1433:weather systems
1371:
1343:
1337:
1216:
1210:
1143:
1137:
1096:
1090:
1069:
1063:
1055:Richard Assmann
1040:free atmosphere
1032:"; and -λογία,
921:
883:
878:
877:
853:
845:
844:
703:
693:
692:
605:
595:
594:
583:Ground blizzard
343:
333:
332:
311:
301:
300:
276:
246:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2858:
2848:
2847:
2845:Fluid dynamics
2842:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2809:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2789:
2784:
2782:George Simpson
2779:
2774:
2769:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2748:
2742:
2740:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2702:
2700:Ball lightning
2697:
2692:
2687:
2681:
2679:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2650:
2648:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2590:
2583:
2582:
2575:
2568:
2560:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2535:
2523:
2511:
2510:
2509:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2482:Technogaianism
2479:
2477:Sustainability
2474:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2356:
2354:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2295:
2294:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2252:
2246:
2244:
2243:Related fields
2240:
2239:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2174:
2167:
2166:
2159:
2152:
2144:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2119:
2107:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2014:
2009:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1992:
1991:
1984:
1977:
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2777:Nikola Tesla
2739:Applications
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2400:Road ecology
2353:Applications
2329:Radioecology
2292:epidemiology
2225:Soil science
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2065:Oceanography
2024:
1890:
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1807:. Retrieved
1798:
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1703:. Retrieved
1699:the original
1688:
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1529:. Retrieved
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1504:. Retrieved
1499:
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1344:
1325:oceanography
1289:astrophysics
1242:
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1158:and spatial
1144:
1097:
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995:rocketsondes
988:
984:Solar System
964:dissociation
927:
926:
644:Diamond dust
568:Winter storm
399:Thunderstorm
189:
31:
2544:WikiProject
2390:Remediation
2205:Geosciences
2178:Main fields
2085:Volcanology
2060:Meteorology
1855:10871/16060
1705:9 September
1506:December 4,
1461:HD 189733 b
1449:anticyclone
1441:dust storms
1383:ultraviolet
1355:stratopause
1329:volcanology
1221:meteorology
1214:Climatology
1208:Climatology
1121:jet streams
999:radiosondes
952:Climatology
936:Meteorology
858:Meteorology
793:Meteorology
681:Snow roller
676:Snow grains
639:Ice pellets
588:Snow squall
519:Storm surge
465:Anticyclone
421:Mesocyclone
409:Thundersnow
358:Arcus cloud
125:Climatology
83:Meteorology
2834:Categories
2601:Geophysics
2507:scientists
2050:Glaciology
2045:Geophysics
1531:2019-09-08
1500:OED Online
1496:"Aerology"
1483:References
1437:hurricanes
1414:solar wind
1363:ionization
1317:glaciology
1313:geophysics
1285:topography
1277:vegetation
1261:convective
1190:ionosphere
1186:solar wind
1160:statistics
1092:See also:
991:satellites
968:ionization
852:Glossaries
788:Jet stream
727:Convection
713:Atmosphere
661:Cloudburst
524:Dust storm
490:Nor'easter
460:Fire whirl
455:Dust devil
448:Waterspout
375:Heat burst
370:Microburst
328:Wet season
316:Dry season
190:Glossaries
2725:Lightning
2659:Whistlers
2385:Recycling
2255:Chemistry
2215:Limnology
2210:Hydrology
2055:Hydrology
1937:(Related
1809:15 August
1779:(Related
1742:0705.0993
1321:hydrology
1297:chemistry
1257:radiative
1105:tornadoes
1016:The term
938:includes
783:Heat wave
778:Cold wave
722:Chemistry
573:Ice storm
563:Firestorm
475:Polar low
443:Landspout
426:Supercell
387:Lightning
365:Downburst
321:Harmattan
255:Part of
2806:Category
2501:Category
2465:See also
2451:Glossary
2441:Journals
2104:Category
1933:20549014
1925:17038587
1864:17268463
1803:Archived
1767:17495920
1642:18688556
1471:See also
1435:such as
1398:hydrogen
1388:Akatsuki
1341:Aeronomy
1335:Aeronomy
1281:land use
1184:and the
1150:models,
1018:aerology
960:Aeronomy
654:Freezing
615:Freezing
578:Blizzard
257:a series
181:Aeronomy
172:Aeronomy
156:category
139:category
114:category
97:category
72:category
60:category
2818:Commons
2713:Sources
2690:Sprites
2594:General
2520:Commons
2436:Degrees
2324:Physics
2319:Geodesy
2250:Biology
2195:Ecology
2128:Commons
2040:Geology
2035:Geodesy
2007:Outline
1905:Bibcode
1887:Science
1872:4391861
1834:Bibcode
1775:4402268
1747:Bibcode
1622:Bibcode
1455:), and
1445:on Mars
1349:of the
1309:geology
1301:ecology
1236:future
1234:predict
1225:weather
1125:physics
982:of the
976:planets
808:Extreme
754:Physics
744:Climate
732:Physics
622:Graupel
610:Drizzle
558:Sirocco
541:Monsoon
512:Typhoon
470:Cyclone
433:Tornado
380:Derecho
265:Weather
134:Climate
92:Weather
2760:People
2664:Chorus
2116:Portal
1931:
1923:
1870:
1862:
1826:Nature
1773:
1765:
1729:Nature
1663:
1640:
1583:
1422:Triton
1410:oxygen
1402:helium
1327:, and
1269:oceans
1265:latent
1200:, and
1035:-logia
1020:(from
1011:lasers
1009:, and
1007:radars
816:Canada
771:Season
701:Topics
546:Amihan
534:Haboob
529:Simoom
341:Storms
296:Autumn
291:Summer
286:Spring
281:Winter
161:portal
102:portal
2429:Lists
2260:green
2012:Index
1929:S2CID
1895:arXiv
1868:S2CID
1771:S2CID
1737:arXiv
1638:S2CID
1612:arXiv
1418:Titan
1406:space
1351:Earth
1024:ἀήρ,
1022:Greek
821:Japan
749:Cloud
737:River
686:Slush
348:Cloud
2669:Hiss
1921:PMID
1860:PMID
1811:2007
1763:PMID
1707:2007
1661:ISBN
1581:ISBN
1508:2019
1426:Moon
1400:and
1361:and
1283:and
1273:land
1271:and
1263:and
1180:The
1053:and
978:and
966:and
942:and
803:List
766:Mist
666:Snow
649:Rain
627:Hail
553:Gale
1913:doi
1891:314
1850:hdl
1842:doi
1830:445
1755:doi
1733:447
1630:doi
1608:129
1381:in
1030:air
1028:, "
1026:aēr
761:Fog
2836::
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1797:.
1769:.
1761:.
1753:.
1745:.
1731:.
1715:^
1636:.
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1606:.
1559:.
1524:.
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