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78:"I told the governors that I did not believe that Congress would grant statehood but that they were entitled to it under the (Atoka Agreement of 1898) Treaty," Haskell said. "I told them in the event we failed to secure statehood for Indian Territory that I wanted them to accept the verdict of Congress and support statehood for the two territories."
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extinguish Native
American tribal claims to the land in order to enable the territory to be admitted as a state. In addition, the federal government representatives believed that adoption of subsistence farming by individual households, along the majority model of European Americans, would help these peoples assimilate and prosper.
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Charles N. Haskell later told an interviewer that the Atoka
Agreement "... was made with the express understanding that it was a step towards statehood,... and went so far as to specify that 'the lands now occupied by the Five Civilized Tribes shall be prepared for admission as a state.' There was no
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The agreement also reserved the "coal and asphalt lands" from the allotment process. These lands were to be sold or leased, and the proceeds used for the benefit of the two tribes. Under this agreement, the tribal governments were to be terminated on March 4, 1906. These actions were taken to
74:, which wrote a constitution for the proposed State of Sequoyah and submitted it to a vote of the Indian Territory residents. Haskell was skeptical that Congress would accept the proposed Sequoyah convention. He met with the tribal chiefs and told them:
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to individual households of members of the tribes, who were certified as citizens of the tribes. Land in excess of the allotments could be sold to non-natives. Provisions of this agreement were later incorporated into the
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thought of including
Oklahoma (Territory) in the proposed state, and it was well known that the Indians objected to inclusion in a state where the whites would have the controlling voice in government."
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The two tribes ratified the document in
November, 1897. However, Chickasaw law required that it be submitted to the voters of the Chickasaw Nation, who rejected it. The
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required that the Atoka
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Haskell said that all the representatives of the Five
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Drafts, documents and other papers regarding supplements to the Atoka
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History of
Oklahoma at the Golden Anniversary of Statehood, Vol. 1.
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1897 treaty between the United States, Choctaw, and
Chickasaw
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Thus, the Atoka Agreement was a direct precursor to the
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New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company, 1957.
224:, 318 U.S. 423 (1943). Accessed February 21, 2018.
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31:Indian Nations and members of the United States
209:Atoka Agreement (1897) Information & Videos
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23:is a document signed by representatives of the
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126:Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
191:Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1971.
184:Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1961.
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128:."Atoka Agreement." Retrieved May 7, 2013.
182:The Rise and Fall of the Choctaw Republic
162:"The importance of the Atoka Agreement."
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841:Native American history of Oklahoma
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72:Sequoyah Constitutional Convention
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321:Choctaw Tribal School System
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282:MOWA Band of Choctaw Indians
273:Jena Band of Choctaw Indians
220:Justia. U.S. Supreme Court.
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836:History of Indian Territory
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352:Chickasaw Campaign of 1736
269:Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma
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617:Chickasaw Cultural Center
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403:List of Choctaw treaties
372:Choctaw Capitol Building
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37:Atoka, Indian Territory
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398:List of Choctaw chiefs
168:Accessed May 24, 2018.
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35:on April 23, 1897, at
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739:Chisholm Trail Casino
642:New Savannah, Georgia
164:The Norman Transcript
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769:WinStar World Casino
744:Gold Mountain Casino
657:Tishomingo City Hall
507:Four Mothers Society
490:Culture and religion
512:Green Corn Ceremony
166:. January 15, 2006.
612:Bloomfield Academy
572:Treaty of Hopewell
367:American Civil War
187:Gibson, Arrell M.
180:Debo, Angie Debo.
124:Cox, Matthew Rex.
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729:Black Gold Casino
724:Ada Gaming Center
637:Kullihoma Grounds
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131:"Atoka Agreement"
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759:SaltCreek Casino
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749:Newcastle Casino
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133:. Archived from
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33:Dawes Commission
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139:. Retrieved
135:the original
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527:Stomp dance
347:Nanih Waiya
331:Stomp dance
815:Categories
790:Chakchiuma
536:Government
428:(Oklahoma)
141:2010-05-08
106:References
61:Curtis Act
50:Curtis Act
831:Chickasaw
502:Ababinili
483:Chickasaw
419:Education
29:Chickasaw
647:Old Town
497:Language
443:Category
311:Religion
306:Language
41:Oklahoma
826:Choctaw
795:Alabama
785:Choctaw
778:Related
717:Casinos
698:KTLS-FM
683:KADA-FM
522:Pashofa
340:History
326:Pashofa
301:Culture
294:Culture
260:Choctaw
25:Choctaw
605:Places
597:(2001)
589:(1897)
517:Panti'
671:Media
86:Notes
39:(now
708:KYKC
703:KXFC
693:KCNP
688:KAZC
678:KADA
316:Fair
27:and
19:The
558:2nd
553:1st
817::
284:,
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271:,
150:^
113:^
475:e
468:t
461:v
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144:.
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