22:
215:
1004:(or Tabau), who was in Auschwitz under the pseudonym Jerzy Wesołowski, and who escaped with Roman Cieliczko on 19 November 1943. Zoltán Tibori Szabó writes that Tabeau compiled his report between December 1943 and January 1944. It was copied using a stencil machine in Geneva in August 1944, and was distributed by the
129:
This triggered large-scale demonstrations in
Switzerland, sermons in Swiss churches about the tragic plight of Jews and a Swiss press campaign of about 400 headlines protesting the atrocities against Jews. The unprecedented events in Switzerland and possibly other considerations led to threats of
996:
The Rosin-Mordowicz report, a seven-page report from Arnošt Rosin and Czesław
Mordowicz, also Slovak prisoners, who escaped from Auschwitz on 27 May 1944. This was presented as an additional chapter "III. Birkenau" to the Vrba–Wetzler
70:
The reports were compiled by prisoners who had escaped from the camp and presented in their order of importance from the
Western Allies' perspective, rather than in chronological order. The escapees who authored the reports were
989:(the term "Auschwitz Protocols" is sometimes used to refer to just this report), a 33-page report written around 24 April 1944, after Vrba and Wetzler, two Slovak prisoners, who escaped from Auschwitz 7–11 April 1944. In the
534:
obtains the report and gives a copy of the report to Geza Soos, Hungarian
Foreign Ministry official; Soos gives it to Joszef Elias; Elias's secretary translates it into Hungarian and prepares six copies for Hungarian
631:
were killed in gas chambers at
Auschwitz during March 1944. Rosin and Mordowicz tell Krasniansky 100,000 Hungarian Jews were killed on arrival between 15 and 27 May, unaware of what was about to happen to
1393:
103:
1362:
1331:
1292:
748:
Several newspapers report that, between April 1942 and April 1944, 1.5 to 1.7 million Jews were killed at
Auschwitz (from the Vrba-Wetzler report).
1108:
971:
107:
1414:
698:, Vrba discusses his report with Vatican legate Monsignor Mario Martilotti, who then sends a copy to the Vatican via Switzerland.
336:"Auschwitz–Camp of Death" published by Natalia Zarembina, another Polish escapee; published in English in 1943 (London).
1419:
1170:
1072:
993:, it was 33 pages long and was called "No 1. The Extermination Camps of Auschwitz (Oswiecim) and Birkenau in Upper Silesia."
214:
964:
50:, is a collection of three eyewitness accounts from 1943–1944 about the mass murder that was taking place inside the
21:
726:
142:
and others. This was one of the main factors which convinced Horthy to stop the
Hungarian death camp transports.
1100:
375:
Stanislaw
Chybinski, a member of the Polish Home Army, escapes and compiles the report "Snapshots of Auschwitz".
957:
931:
54:
in German-occupied Poland during the Second World War. The eyewitness accounts are individually known as the
921:
651:
362:
221:
51:
305:
1338:
1162:
The Man Who
Stopped the Trains to Auschwitz: George Mantello, El Salvador, and Switzerland's Finest Hour
1261:
1069:- December 1942 note by Poland's Foreign Affairs Minister-in-exile regarding Nazi extermination of Jews
1005:
832:
1115:
1230:
1324:
1285:
1036:
531:
406:
388:
and Roman
Cieliczko escape. Their January 1944 report becomes known as the "Polish Major's report".
309:
99:
122:, via Manoliu who brought it to Mantello. Mantello immediately publicized it despite request from
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80:
55:
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323:
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88:
8:
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173:
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139:
891:
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527:
253:
886:
154:
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131:
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111:
554:
Mass transports begin of Hungary's Jews to Auschwitz, at a rate of 12,000 a day.
157:
as document number 022-L, and are held in the War Refugee Board archives in the
84:
1300:
1101:"The Extermination Camps of Auschwitz (Oświęcim) and Birkenau in Upper Silesia"
1053:
876:
802:
354:
76:
1408:
1266:
Appendix I: The Significance of the Vrba–Wetzler Report on Auschwitz-Birkenau
926:
896:
722:
301:
197:
151:
The Extermination Camps of Auschwitz (Oświęcim) and Birkenau in Upper Silesia
145:
The full reports were published—with seven months delay—by the United States
1063:- 1940 and 1941 reports about Polish-German relations before and after 1939
1001:
837:
822:
647:
385:
92:
59:
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1046:- 1939-1942 series of reports describing the situation in occupied Poland
866:
792:
286:
158:
119:
115:
72:
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may have been the first to do so. He used that term for the document in
871:
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490:
Vrba and Wetzler meet Dr Oscar Neumann of the Bratislava Working Group.
450:
272:
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reports that "new mass executions" recently took place in Auschwitz.
477:
1052:, aka Witold's report - report about Auschwitz written in 1943 by
586:
describes the gas chambers and said that Jews were being executed.
687:
426:
report the existence of gas chambers and crematoria at Auschwitz.
1260:
1012:
as the 19-page "No 2. Transport (The Polish Major's Report)."
514:
The first trainload of Hungarian Jews leaves for Auschwitz.
1347:(2011). "The Auschwitz Reports: Who Got Them, and When?".
725:, carrying 1,684 Jews, leaves Hungary for Switzerland via
26:
The German Extermination Camps of Auschwitz and Birkenau
322:
Kazimirez Halori escapes and passes information to the
98:
The Vrba–Wetzler report was widely disseminated by the
1040:- 1942 report about Nazi atrocities in occupied Poland
102:
in April 1944, and with help of the Romanian diplomat
1103:. War Refugee Board. 26 November 1944. pp. 1–33.
159:
Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum
564:
Arnost Rosin and Czesław Mordowicz escape Auschwitz.
1376:
1382:The Politics of Genocide: The Holocaust in Hungary
1349:The Auschwitz Reports and the Holocaust in Hungary
178:The Politics of Genocide: The Holocaust in Hungary
1388:
1231:"The Auschwitz Protocol: The Vrba-Wetzler Report"
1214:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1154:
1152:
1109:"The Auschwitz Protocol: The Vrba–Wetzler Report"
47:The Extermination Camps of Auschwitz and Birkenau
1406:
1186:
1184:
1182:
168:It is not known when they were first called the
1073:Bibliography of the Holocaust § Primary Sources
110:in Budapest reached—tragically with much delay—
1205:
1198:
1196:
1158:
1149:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1179:
1008:and Jewish groups. This was presented in the
965:
271:escapes and passes information to the Polish
1361:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1190:Conway (2002), pp. 292–293, footnote 3.
1384:(2011 ed.). Columbia University Press.
1193:
1135:
972:
958:
445:Siegfried Lederer escapes to warn Jews in
1330:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1305:Part 9: The Question of Bombing Auschwitz
1291:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1165:. Syracuse University Press. p. 87.
153:. They were submitted in evidence at the
16:Eyewitness accounts of concentration camp
1095:
1093:
1000:The "Polish Major's report," written by
106:, the report or a summary obtained from
20:
1114:. Vrba–Wetzler Memorial. Archived from
613:reaches the British and US governments.
453:about the mass murder inside Auschwitz.
1407:
1398:Memorial and Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau
1394:"Informing the world about Auschwitz"
1090:
130:retribution against Hungary's Regent
183:
149:on 26 November 1944 under the title
597:Allied invasion of Normandy, France
13:
1370:
1303:in Marrus, Michael Robert (1989).
762:orders a halt to the deportations.
91:(the Rosin-Mordowicz report); and
14:
1441:
213:
1132:Tibori Szabó (2011), pp. 85–120
646:repeats the BBC's information.
95:(the "Polish Major's report").
1415:Holocaust historical documents
1241:
1223:
1126:
932:History of the Jews in Hungary
686:reports the same, courtesy of
672:repeats the BBC's information.
65:
62:, and Rosin-Mordowicz report.
44:, and originally published as
1:
1237:(Full text, online ed.).
1078:
627:reports that 4,000 Jews from
519:
1420:Auschwitz concentration camp
1351:. Columbia University Press.
1083:
922:Auschwitz concentration camp
652:Office of Strategic Services
52:Auschwitz concentration camp
7:
1247:Tibori SzabĂł (2011), p. 90.
1029:
1020:was discussed in detail by
694:offers further details. In
658:to the US State Department.
650:, Swiss director of the US
476:Vrba and Wetzler arrive in
118:Embassy First Secretary in
28:- title page, November 1944
10:
1446:
1254:
1235:Holocaust Research Project
1202:Tibori SzabĂł (2011), p. 91
1146:Tibori SzabĂł (2011), p. 94
1006:Polish government-in-exile
500:German translation of the
308:and is interviewed by the
126:to keep it confidential.
1339:Tibori Szabó, Zoltán in
1264:in Vrba, Rudolf (2002).
1037:The Black Book of Poland
532:Aid and Rescue Committee
310:Bratislava Working Group
219:Main railroad track into
100:Bratislava Working Group
1159:David Kranzler (2000).
937:Hungary in World War II
684:Washington Times Herald
644:New York World Telegram
464:Vrba and Wetzler escape
424:New York Herald Tribune
407:Germany invades Hungary
1345:vanden Heuvel, William
1219:Gilbert (1989), p. 305
902:Michael Dov Weissmandl
772:Mass deportations end.
471:22 / 23 April
324:Polish Socialist Party
29:
1060:The Polish White Book
1026:on 26 November 1944.
361:is filed away by the
222:Auschwitz II-Birkenau
60:Polish Major's report
24:
1307:. Walter de Gruyter.
1016:The contents of the
269:Kazimierz Piechowski
193:a series of articles
38:, also known as the
1378:Braham, Randolph L.
1341:Braham, Randolph L.
987:Vrba–Wetzler report
656:Vrba–Wetzler report
611:Vrba–Wetzler report
502:Vrba–Wetzler report
420:The Washington Post
205:Vrba–Wetzler report
170:Auschwitz Protocols
163:Hyde Park, New York
136:President Roosevelt
81:Vrba–Wetzler report
56:Vrba–Wetzler report
35:Auschwitz Protocols
1268:. Barricade Books.
1023:The New York Times
882:Malchiel Gruenwald
828:Randolph L. Braham
709:The New York Times
692:The New York Times
584:The New York Times
289:taken to Auschwitz
256:taken to Auschwitz
174:Randolph L. Braham
30:
1390:Ĺšwiebocki, Henryk
1172:978-0-8156-2873-6
982:
981:
758:Hungarian regent
670:Los Angeles Times
625:BBC World Service
184:Component reports
147:War Refugee Board
140:Winston Churchill
89:Czesław Mordowicz
41:Auschwitz Reports
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1044:Karski's reports
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1002:Jerzy Tabeau
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823:Yehuda Bauer
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1321:|work=
1282:|work=
867:Kurt Becher
793:Rudolf Vrba
786:Key figures
480:, Slovakia.
380:19 November
287:Rudolf Vrba
120:Switzerland
116:El Salvador
73:Rudolf Vrba
66:Description
1409:Categories
1079:References
915:Background
872:Joel Brand
816:Historians
696:Bratislava
535:officials.
504:completed.
458:7–11 April
433:April 1944
394:March 1944
317:2 November
1357:cite news
1323:ignored (
1313:cite book
1284:ignored (
1274:cite book
1106:Also see
1084:Citations
1018:Protocols
1010:Protocols
991:Protocols
743:1–10 July
736:July 1944
571:June 1944
451:Red Cross
357:escapes.
273:Home Army
114:(Mandl),
1392:(2013).
1380:(1981).
1030:See also
690:, while
604:mid June
542:May 1944
522:28 April
509:28 April
495:27 April
485:24 April
449:and the
422:and the
414:22 March
401:19 March
349:27 April
331:December
306:Majdanek
247:13 April
233:Timeline
208:timeline
191:Part of
180:(1981).
1255:Sources
997:report.
716:30 June
703:25 June
688:Reuters
677:20 June
663:17 June
637:16 June
618:15 June
530:of the
440:5 April
280:30 June
263:20 June
1343:&
1169:
767:9 July
753:7 July
591:6 June
578:4 June
559:27 May
549:15 May
478:Žilina
172:, but
1119:(PDF)
1112:(PDF)
682:'The
632:them.
79:(the
1363:link
1332:link
1325:help
1293:link
1286:help
1167:ISBN
985:The
721:The
668:The
642:The
623:The
609:The
343:1943
296:July
240:1942
87:and
75:and
32:The
370:May
363:OSS
161:in
134:by
83:);
1411::
1396:.
1359:}}
1355:{{
1317::
1315:}}
1311:{{
1278::
1276:}}
1272:{{
1233:.
1207:^
1195:^
1181:^
1151:^
1137:^
1092:^
520:c.
195:on
165:.
138:,
58:,
1400:.
1365:)
1334:)
1327:)
1295:)
1288:)
1175:.
973:e
966:t
959:v
860:"
856:"
729:.
599:.
466:.
409:.
365:.
326:.
312:.
291:.
275:.
258:.
224:.
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