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353:; and the company's gender-specific rule was biased and inequitable because it permitted fertile men, but not fertile women, to decide whether to work in jobs subjected to lead exposure while manufacturing batteries. The court rejected Johnson Controls' argument that their policy fell under the
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of 1978. The case revolved around
Johnson Controls' policy of excluding fertile women from working in battery manufacturing jobs because batteries contain high amounts of lead, which entails health risks to people's reproductive systems (both men and women) and fetuses. At the time the case was
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Title VII, as amended by the
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by concluding that the company’s fetal protection policy contravened Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended by the
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UAW v. Johnson
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357:(BFOQ) defense because the protection of employees' fetuses was not an essential part of the business's operation.
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Presser, Arlynn Leiber; Bertin, Joan (June 1990). "Women at Work: Should 'Fetal
Protection' Policies Be Upheld".
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heard, it was considered one of the most important sex-discrimination cases since the passage of Title VII.
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Shapiro, Robert A. (Associate
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policies prohibiting women from knowingly working in potentially hazardous occupations are
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Audio files available for the Oral
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White (in part and in judgment), joined by
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345:. Hence based on that statute, the Court decided against
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United States
Supreme Court cases of the Rehnquist Court
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Blackmun, joined by
Marshall, Stevens, O'Connor, Souter
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Encyclopedia of the Supreme Court of the United States
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Discrimination Law Issues for the Safety Professional
543:"United Automobile Workers v. Johnson Controls, Inc"
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Business: Its Legal, Ethical, and Global Environment
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United Automobile Workers v. Johnson Controls, Inc.
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United Automobile Workers v. Johnson Controls, Inc.
341:held that that Title VII prohibits gender–specific
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United Automobile Workers v. Johnson Controls, Inc.
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United Automobile Workers v. Johnson Controls, Inc.
442:. Occupational Safety & Health Administration.
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568:Grover, Susan, Faculty Publications. Paper 179.
440:"Policy guidance on the Supreme Court Decision"
418:"UAW v. Johnson Controls, 499 U.S. 187 (1991)"
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304:, 499 U.S. 187 (1991), was a decision by the
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