2171:. On 4 February 2012, the executive committee of the Ba'ath Movement released a communiqué condemning the provisional Tunisian government's expulsion of the Syrian ambassador. The Ba'ath Movement expressed solidarity with the Syrian protesters and condemned the shooting of unarmed demonstrators. The committee predicted that the Syrian ambassador's expulsion would militarise the conflict, mobilising Arab opinion against the government and leading to military intervention. After the revolution, the Arab Democratic Vanguard Party emerged as second "Iraqi" Baathist Party in Tunisia. Its membership is younger and its political position more at the left of the historically Baath Movement and is headed by Kheireddine Souabni and Ahmed Seddik. The Ba'ath Movement is a member of the
1130:. The two movements established separate National Commands; the National Command was in theory the highest party body in both movements and controlled their respective ba'athist movements. However, in both countries the National Command was under the control of its respective Regional Command. In the Iraqi-dominated Ba'ath movement, all National Command members came from their regional branch—for instance, there was always a member representing the Ba'ath Party branch in Jordan. In theory, the National Command was the highest party organ between national congresses, with the power to control the affairs of Regional Commands in other regions (countries).
1942:, the pro-Syrian Ba'ath organisation in Palestine had over the ba'athist movement. In contrast to al-Sa'iqa, the ALF never had access to a large recruitment pool. There were few Palestinians in Iraq, and the Palestinians living in Iraq were generally well-educated. Because of this, ALF could not and would never have the same degree of influence over the Palestinian movement as al-Sa'iqa did. This caused the ALF to be controlled by the pro-Iraq Ba'ath movement, thus weakening its effectiveness and influence, but saving it from infighting between
1857:, and Iraq–Mauritania relations became so close that (inaccurate) rumors circulated internationally that Saddam's family had taken refuge in the country following the American invasion. Repression against the ba'athists has not been reduced. In 2003, several ba'athists were jailed on suspicion of trying to overthrow the government. A reason for the close relationship between Iraq and Mauritania was the strength of the Mauritanian ba'athist party. The party was banned in 1999 following the official instauration of bilateral relations with
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2156:. Omar Othman Belhadj, Secretary-General of the executive committee of the Ba'ath Movement, said that "Hussein's execution was symbolic, they did not kill a person but rather the ideas he represented and fought for. Hussein was killed for being against colonization and for being a defender of Arab unity and independence of Arab countries". He further noted that he did not support killing
1394:
Under previous Ba'ath-party rule, one could not reach a high position in the government or a school without becoming a party member and party membership was a prerequisite for university admission. While many Ba'athists joined for ideological reasons, many more were members because it was a way to better their options. Following pressure by the United States, the policy of
1684:
a trial began in which 25 Libyan Ba'athists were charged with membership in an illegal organisation and they were freed after torture. The following year, they were re-tried on the same charge: three were sentenced to death and others to life in prison. The arrests and trials of the 1980s led to the dissolution of the Libyan regional Ba'athist organisation.
1838:) to field candidates for senate elections. However, the party secured only one percent of the vote nationwide and did not secure a seat in either Parliament or the Senate. Kabry Ould Taleb Jiddou, the party's leader, was awarded the office of Secretary of State by the newly elected Government because of his electoral campaign.
2011:
The Arab
Socialist Ba'ath Party – Country of Sudan is the regional branch of the Ba'ath Party in Sudan. Kamal Bolad was the Regional Secretary in 1989 and Taiseer Mutassir was the Regional Secretary in 1990. While the branch has always been small, accounting for an estimated 1,000 members in 2003, it
1722:
The first pro-Iraqi activities was in 1968, but it was organizationally established in 1972. The
Mauritanian Ba'athist divide their history into two phases: founding (1976–1982) and deployment (1982–1990). There is little available information on the 1968–1970 period and Ba'athist activity started in
1683:
Amr Taher
Deghayes, founder of the Libyan Ba'ath branch, was later arrested by Gaddafi's security forces and died after three days in jail. Deghayes' death allegedly sparked a large anti-government demonstration (which was crushed), followed by the imprisonment of several leading Ba'athists. In 1982,
1489:
In its first regional congress since the 2003 invasion of Iraq, the
Regional Command alleged it would publicize an alleged letter from Saddam Hussein. However, the Jordanian press largely ignored the event. Today, in contrast to Ba'athist ideology both the pro-Iraq and pro-Syrian Ba'ath branches are
1458:
The party was able to gain some support in the 1990s because of its status as a Ba'ath Party branch and it was able to help finance thousands of scholarships to Iraqi universities. However, with the 2003 invasion of Iraq the party was nearly forced into bankruptcy and lost most of its followers when
1864:
Mohamed Ould
Abdellahi Ould Eyye, the party's leader, was arrested in 2003 after a large anti-government protest demanding that the government break off relations with Israel and the United States and help Saddam Hussein. He and 13 other ba'athists were arrested by government forces and the party's
1599:
However, the existence of the pro-Iraqi
Lebanese branch of the Ba'ath party has much longer roots. Following the 1966 split in the Ba'ath movement with party members split between Syrian and Iraqi allegiances, the Iraqi wing was led by Abd al-Majid Rafei. Other prominent members at the time of the
1364:
In Iraq, the Ba'ath party remained a civilian group and lacked strong support from the military. The party had little impact and the movement split into several factions after 1958 and again in 1966. The movement was reported to have lacked strong popular support, but through the construction of a
1679:
because the new administration proclaimed its goal as "liberty, socialism and unity", rather than "unity, liberty, socialism" (the Ba'ath Party's slogan). This change in order was important because of the ideological split between the Ba'athists and the
Nasserists. Following Gaddafi's revolution,
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and colleges—was criticized for blocking too many experienced people from participation in the new government. Thousands were removed from their positions, including doctors, professors, schoolteachers and bureaucrats. Many teachers lost their jobs, sparking protests at schools and universities.
1329:
The party was outlawed in the early 1990s and two Iraqi
Intelligence Officials were detained on 14 April 1991 with $ 38,000 in their possession, money which the Egyptian authorities claimed was to be used to fund sabotage operations in Egypt. Several other Egyptian Ba'athists, including the poet
1607:
worked side by side in the
National Front, but with tension increasing between the Syrian and Iraqi Ba'athist factions the two parties were on a war footing. The party was active in 1960s demonstrations and al-Rafei was detained by Lebanese authorities for his political activities, but he was a
1206:), is led by Ahmed Choutri (secretary of the Regional Command). The party is banned and Choutri was forced to flee to Iraq during the 1990s because of governmental repression against the Algerian Ba'ath movement. The party sympathises with the Iraqi Ba'athist insurgency and supports
1946:
and Ba'athists (a problem in al-Sa'iqa). However, the ALF's influence weakened periodically during its history due to infighting in the pro-Iraq Ba'ath movement. Because of the control the pro-Iraq Ba'ath movement had over the ALF, the ALF always held a pro-Iraqi position in the
2219:
The party carried out clandestine political activity until 1990 and was registered as the
National Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party on 10 February 1997. It had initially sought to register as the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party in 1995, but that name was given by the authorities to the
1455:. A Jordanian academic, talking to the American embassy in Amman, Jordan, said that "there are far more real Ba'athists outside the party than inside", noting that the present party is downplaying (and even replacing) ideological components to get more followers.
1159:
leader of the Ba'ath Party on 3 January 2007. As Secretary of the Iraqi Regional Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, he was the highest-ranked surviving member of the former Ba'ath party. Since November 3 2020, the party is headed by Salah Al-Mukhtar.
10396:
1147:. Aflaq was elected Secretary-General of the National Command at the Ninth National Congress, held in February 1968 in Beirut, Lebanon, by the Iraqi-dominated Ba'ath Party. He retained his post until his death in 1989, when he was succeeded by
2148:) was established at its First Congress on 3–5 June 2011 and legally registered on 22 January 2011. However, ba'athists have been active in underground politics since the 1950s. The Ba'ath Movement celebrated the fifth anniversary of the
1699:
lawyer 'Umran Burweiss. The LNM (still in existence) was originally financed by Iraqi Ba'athists and produced relatively high-quality propaganda materials. For example, it issued audio cassettes which were smuggled into Libya with
1752:, the Ba'ath were harassed and in between 1982 and 1983 55 Ba'athists were arrested by the government. However, by 1986–1987 the Ba'ath had managed to infiltrate the officer corps and the enlisted ranks, making them a threat to
1447:, the popularity of the Ba'ath Party has largely diminished, but Ba'athist ideology remains popular. The reason being that both Ba'ath parties (the pro-Iraqi and the pro-Syrian) have replaced ideology with blind allegiance to
2243:
in alliance with the pro-Syrian Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, winning seven seats. After the election, relations between the two Ba'athist groups soured and they contested further elections separately. The party contested the
2015:
After collaborating with the Arab nationalist Sudanese government for years, the Ba'ath Party broke off relations and became an opposition party in 1990—this would have disturbed Iraq if Sudan had not supported it during the
1632:
became a member, but no figures from the pro-Iraqi Ba'ath Party were given a seat on the committee. Tahsein al-Atrash, leader of the Ba'ath branch at the time, was shot dead in November 1981. The party was a member of the
6769:
1462:
The Ba'ath branch was denied legal registration in 1992. The party was legally registered in 1993, but forced to change its name from the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party to the Jordanian Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
5406:
1743:
to help them in their quest. In the period 1978–1984, the party intensified its effort of recruiting members within the military establishment. The Ba'ath party was one of the most fervent supporters of the
1277:
and contends that it is unfair for ethnic Bahrainis to compete equally with foreign workers for jobs. The Nationalist Democratic Assembly remains pro-Saddam Hussein and according to its webpage supports the
3328:[Political Report of the Second Congress of the Party, the Socialist Arab Lebanon Vanguard (XVII)] (in Arabic). Second Congress of the Socialist Lebanon Vanguard Party. Almansore.com. Archived from
1373:
to identify themselves as cultural heirs of Mesopotamia with a medieval-Islamic identity. Saddam Hussein sought to be seen as leader of a great neo-Mesopotamian Iraqi nation by having himself compared to
4831:
1365:
strong party apparatus the party succeeded in gaining power. The Iraqi-based party was originally committed to pan-Arabism (like its Syrian counterpart). After taking power in 1968, the party adopted
1428:, who joined the pro-Iraqi Ba'ath resistance in 1966, eventually became an ALF leader. From there, he climbed the party ladder and became a member of the National Command before he was placed under
6759:
6666:
6100:
5895:
4906:
10257:
4941:[Values of the Baath and the genius of the martyred leader Saddam Hussein's martyrdom day incarnation] (in Arabic). National Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Yemen Region. Archived from
4804:
4099:"Mauritania Relations with Arab States - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System"
2260:, the party obtained 23,745 votes (0.4 percent of the national vote) and again failed to re-enter parliament. However, it won two district-council seats in the 2006 local council elections.
1497:
In a 1995 poll, 16.8 percent of Jordanians said they were aware that the Iraqi Ba'ath branch existed, making the Ba'ath branch the third-best-known political party in Jordan (surpassing the
8393:
10401:
10356:
1748:
policies in Mauritania. Because of their efforts, Mohammed Yehdih Ould Breideleil, the Ba'ath leader, was appointed Minister of Information for a short period in 1984. Under the rule of
11477:
10380:
1346:
in the 1970s, with pro-Baghdad and pro-Damascus groups competing for political dominance over the front. This split contributed to the downfall of the ELF and the emergence of the
6764:
5105:[National Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party in Hodeidah breaks its relationship with the ruling party after the massacre of peaceful protesters in Sanaa] (in Arabic). Felix News
5757:
12037:
19:
This article is about the pan-Arab Ba'ath Party, which is Iraqi-led but has branches in multiple countries. For the Ba'ath Party's regional branch established in 1951, see
1960:
11934:
10732:
8778:
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856:
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split were Jihad George Karam, Rafiq Nasib Alfaqiya, Karam Mohamed Assahli, Hani Mohamed Shoiab, Ammar Mohamed Shabli, Hassan Khalil Gharib and Asaf Habin Alharakat.
8417:
4226:
3995:
2163:
Omar once told a journalist, "the Syrian regime has turned against the Ba'ath and is no longer Ba'athist one". The party does not support Syria's expulsion from the
1787:, the Ba'ath party lost its popular appeal and the financial aid from the Iraqi embassy dried up. By 1990, there was not much left of the original Ba'ath movement.
1997:
arrested Salem in October 2002. Shahir Abu Shahut, former leader of the Jordanian Ba'ath branch, led the Ba'ath branch in Palestine from 1970 to 1975 from Baghdad.
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10875:
10457:
10306:
10159:
8381:
4711:
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political force in the country. The branch has maintained good relations with the Baghdad-based Ba'ath Party, even after Saddam Hussein's downfall following the
1350:
as the dominant liberation movement. A key pro-Iraqi Ba'athist was Abdel Gadir Jeilani, who became the leader of the ELF-PLF-Revolutionary Council in the 1980s.
9158:
4835:
1490:
considered largely irrelevant in the Jordanian political scene. It is suffering from financial problems and it is criticized by religious Jordanians for its
10137:
5032:
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10737:
10699:
10572:
9564:
8653:
8306:
6698:
2037:
2006:
793:
10466:
9759:
9402:
8405:
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5428:
1604:
1246:. The group is led by Hassan Ali as Secretary General and Mahmoud Kassab as Deputy Secretary General. It was established by Bahrainis who had studied in
719:
4910:
1822:
or PAGN), was founded in 1991 and it replaced the old Ba'ath movement which had disintegrated in 1990. The Mauritanian Ba'ath Party remains the largest
11854:
10987:
9975:
8029:
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1389:(CPA) banned the Ba'ath party. The additional step the CPA took—banning all members of the top four tiers of the Ba'ath Party from the new government,
11904:
11019:
8834:
6776:
6754:
6656:
2221:
1299:
861:
819:
635:
4741:
4040:
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9865:
9542:
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8631:
8514:
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1501:, the Syrian Ba'athist branch, by over 10 percent in the poll). In 2003 it was estimated that the party had fewer than 200 members. According to a
1359:
1140:
1133:
Delegates to a National Congress elected the members of the National Command, who were eligible for reelection. While the National Command had few
656:
242:
20:
11587:
5077:[Temporary leadership of the Baath Arab Socialist National freeze peace and fragmentation of the party accused] (in Arabic). Assafir Press
2200:) is led by Qassem Salam Said as Secretary of the Regional Command while Abdulwahid Hawash serves as Deputy Secretary. It publishes the newspaper
2052:. The following year, after the invasion of Iraq 80 Sudanese Ba'athists return to Sudan under the condition that they would stay out of politics.
10789:
3214:
1609:
9380:
9136:
3292:
12156:
12015:
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1032:
840:
619:
598:
4613:
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11169:
10965:
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10121:
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1861:. The National Vanguard Party was accused of developing plans in collaboration with the Iraqi government to foment unrest in the country.
1402:. This purported to ease the policy, but many feared it would lead to further dismissals. The Ba'ath Party was led by Saddam's former deputy
640:
550:
2040:, the body ruling Sudan, the Ba'ath branched was oppressed by the authorities. Later in 1990, 26 Ba'athi military officers were executed in
1680:
several People's Committees were established. These committees (which at the beginning were led by the people) arrested several ba'athists.
661:
12101:
9741:
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7000:
6615:
888:
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and the other half with its leadership in Baghdad. The two Ba'ath parties retained the same name and maintained parallel structures in the
8812:
4098:
2012:
has been able to have a bigger impact than what its meager membership numbers would suggest, mostly due to Iraqi financing of the branch.
11929:
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9364:
8615:
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2786:
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5240:
4648:
2759:
2049:
1835:
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348:
210:
3394:[Political society as the "vanguard party, Arab Socialist Party of Lebanon] (in Arabic). Lebanon Knowledge Development Gateway
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1629:
1182:
921:
593:
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after a failed military coup. In 2002, a group led by Mohamad Ali Jadein broke away from the branch and established the independent
237:
several months later. The party's regional organisation governed Iraq between 1968 and 2003, for many years under the leadership of
12221:
12196:
12032:
11422:
10692:
10625:
9557:
9289:
9274:
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8646:
8459:
8299:
8139:
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6963:
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6673:
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1415:
1259:
677:
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9055:
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1505:
document dating back to 2007, the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party figure Ahmed Al Dmour was considered one of the biggest threats to
1326:, whether by Israel, Turkey or Iran, as the party believes all such countries have ulterior motives and seek to undermine Syria.
578:
98:
1873:, abbreviated PTUN). However, while PTUN is close to the Iraqi Ba'ath party branch, the group is small and largely inactive.
12226:
12146:
11847:
11773:
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10980:
10443:
10194:
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9320:
9284:
8539:
7511:
2076:
1616:
al-Rafi was elected to parliament from Tripoli. Ali al-Khalil, a former member, was elected from Tyre. The party was active in
1533:
879:
4286:
12216:
12186:
12166:
12161:
12151:
12141:
12126:
11483:
10251:
10167:
10101:
9503:
8827:
6683:
6678:
4695:
4559:
4526:
4427:
4209:
4140:
3717:
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3198:
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3011:
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1658:
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Note: for the 1st–8th National Congresses, see the national congresses held by the unified, pre-February 1966 Ba'ath Party.
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299:
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8662:
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headquarters were raided in May. Another pro-Iraqi Ba'ath party did take its place, the Party for Work and National Unity (
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5132:
2714:[Democratic Rally: Do not drop the slogan of the system due to certain circumstances] (in Arabic). Islamtimes.org
1948:
756:
2889:
2733:
1963:) froze his seat on the committee in protest, instead of following the example (resignation) of the Rejectionist Front.
1723:
earnest in the early 1970s. The party's first clandestine congress was held in 1976. They opposed the rule of President
12176:
11870:
11342:
11189:
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11038:
11011:
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9388:
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8726:
8489:
7989:
7159:
7114:
6860:
6827:
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3323:
2257:
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2240:
1025:
91:
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1938:(ALF). The ALF was established in 1969 at a National Congress of the Iraqi-dominated Ba'ath Party to weaken the hold
1390:
11437:
9572:
8661:
8314:
1432:
by Iraqi authorities. Shahir Abu Shahut became the first leader of the party branch in Jordan after the 1966 split.
11363:
11337:
11235:
11184:
11149:
11056:
11050:
11044:
10296:
10208:
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8504:
7919:
7911:
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7219:
7209:
7010:
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1498:
908:
682:
289:
11767:
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11032:
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10328:
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1475:
1386:
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1223:
614:
258:
246:
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2252:. Said, the branch leader, was sued by the Ministry of Information in February 2000 over an article criticising
1286:, considering it an act of brutality against the Iraqi people. The party actively supports the overthrow of the
11797:
11716:
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11471:
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11275:
11174:
10361:
10184:
10025:
9918:
9771:
8731:
8363:
8079:
7841:
7435:
7053:
5423:
5258:
2588:
2554:
1846:
1757:
1753:
1613:
1399:
12096:
11862:
10995:
10707:
9983:
11924:
11683:
10531:
10391:
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8330:
7264:
7174:
7129:
6050:
5293:
5201:
2626:
2595:
2561:
1970:
toppled the Iraqi-dominated Ba'ath Party, headquartered in Baghdad. This weakened the movement and since the
1728:
1565:
1018:
531:
7647:
7627:
7607:
5375:
5350:
5330:
1664:
1107:
540:
536:
195:
11562:
11230:
10911:
10604:
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10564:
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10055:
9498:
9011:
8923:
8842:
8529:
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7984:
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7523:
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6015:
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108:
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5102:حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي القومي بالحديدة يفك الارتباط بالحزب الحاكم بعد مجزرة صنعاء بحق المعتصمين سلمياً
4487:
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4201:
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7979:
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6383:
5418:
4749:
4656:
4621:
3705:
2149:
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1420:
At the time of the 1966 split, the Jordanian branch had an estimated 1,000 members. It was active in the
835:
560:
545:
4047:
2032:. Members have historically been torn between the Ba'ath and other secular party movements, such as the
11959:
11909:
11761:
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11159:
10809:
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Islamic Extremism in Kuwait: From the Muslim Brotherhood to Al-Qaeda and other Islamic Political Groups
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11711:
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11658:
11620:
11615:
11373:
11332:
11225:
10931:
10926:
10916:
10764:
9625:
9229:
8693:
8688:
8534:
8524:
8444:
8351:
8273:
8074:
7964:
7861:
7550:
7528:
7428:
7259:
7068:
6881:
3577:
3300:
2999:
1343:
226:
12081:
11785:
11755:
11663:
11643:
11327:
11260:
10890:
10799:
10794:
10050:
10035:
10005:
9859:
9493:
9016:
8768:
7582:
7179:
7030:
6145:
6080:
5930:
5630:
5194:
5124:
5037:[Arab political parties: Yemen: the Arab Socialist Baath Party, the National] (in Arabic).
4324:
3639:
3606:
3540:
3484:
3451:
3418:
2500:
2045:
2033:
1784:
1688:
1474:). Khalil Haddadeen, Jordan's former minister of information, was elected to Parliament during the
934:
1552:
As of 1983 the branch was led by Faisal al-Sani. The Kuwaiti Ba'ath Party branch collapsed during
11954:
11592:
11582:
11245:
11129:
11062:
10804:
10759:
10045:
9924:
9830:
9723:
9619:
9508:
9477:
9441:
8976:
8952:
8580:
8411:
8235:
8154:
7939:
7184:
6988:
6688:
6565:
6255:
5940:
5910:
5288:
5283:
5072:
4973:
4580:
2236:
branch of the party had sided with the uprising after violent attacks on protesters in the city.
2172:
2122:
1943:
1791:
1713:
751:
526:
318:
3245:"Jordanian Municipal Elections: The Islamist - Government Showdowns In Irbid, Karak, And Madaba"
11969:
11944:
11678:
11673:
11598:
11255:
11220:
11215:
11105:
10860:
10845:
10825:
10779:
10769:
10580:
10424:
10106:
10015:
9883:
9435:
9264:
9196:
9049:
8876:
8736:
8549:
7662:
7214:
7020:
6550:
6530:
6520:
6470:
6275:
6250:
6185:
6090:
6025:
5970:
5925:
5625:
5530:
5128:
4978:[Political parties in the Republic of Yemen] (in Arabic). National Information Center.
3117:
2025:
1994:
1977:
The ALF's first leader was Zaid Haydar from the Jordanian Ba'ath branch. Other leaders include
1804:
1403:
1207:
1152:
1066:
510:
430:
4687:
4518:
4455:
4361:
4328:
4132:
3999:
3929:
3896:
3863:
3830:
3797:
3764:
3709:
3676:
3643:
3610:
3521:
3488:
3455:
3352:
3190:
3003:
2803:
2437:
2379:
2350:
2321:
2288:
11884:
11706:
11532:
11465:
11210:
11194:
10835:
10551:
9844:
9777:
9704:
9114:
8870:
8220:
7954:
7949:
7826:
7806:
7617:
7587:
6806:
6693:
6545:
6495:
6270:
6065:
6045:
5868:
5818:
5679:
5610:
5448:
5314:
4551:
4168:
3741:
3544:
3422:
3371:
3154:
3121:
3088:
2961:
2925:
2734:"The statement of the Arab Baath Socialist Party of Egyptian on the aggression against Syria"
2593:[National Rally fifth Association announces boycott of the elections complementary].
2408:
2024:. The party, which was small in 1990, was influential in certain sectors, was opposed to the
1935:
1882:
1827:
1646:
1395:
1283:
1115:
772:
520:
385:
273:
250:
2836:
11638:
11557:
11270:
10850:
9269:
9190:
9182:
8255:
8225:
8185:
8180:
8084:
7959:
7796:
6455:
6368:
6220:
6165:
6035:
5960:
5813:
5615:
4774:
3892:
2284:
1596:). It is the party branch in Lebanon. The branch held its second congress in October 2011.
1506:
1334:, were also detained in April 1991 on suspicion of involvement in an Iraqi terrorist plot.
1331:
415:
4880:
4386:"CNN - Albright praises new diplomatic ties between Israel, Mauritania - October 28, 1999"
2621:
2469:
1934:
A disorganised pro-Iraqi Ba'ath guerilla movement existed before the establishment of the
1841:
The branch supports full Arabization of the country, a view considered racist by critics.
8:
11964:
11821:
11648:
11134:
10880:
10870:
10774:
9942:
9453:
9031:
8982:
8801:
8713:
8620:
8464:
8245:
7602:
7535:
6865:
6570:
6413:
6280:
6235:
6205:
6190:
6030:
6020:
6010:
5995:
5340:
4979:
4544:
The Palestine Liberation Organization: Terrorism and Prospects for Peace in the Holy Land
4443:
4164:
3859:
3826:
3793:
3760:
3737:
3325:التقرير السياسي الصادر عن المؤتمر الثاني لحزب طليعة لبنان العربي الاشتراكي ( السابع عشر )
2957:
2894:
2686:[Statement issued by the Nationalist Democratic Assembly] (in Arabic). Ahewar.org
2126:
3356:. London: I. B. Tauris in association with the Centre for Lebanese Studies, 2004. p. 331
11691:
11522:
10895:
10830:
10300:
10080:
9853:
9531:
9369:
9075:
8882:
8387:
8250:
8230:
8190:
8106:
8089:
8064:
7871:
7682:
7672:
7652:
7622:
7597:
7194:
7139:
6850:
6535:
6510:
6398:
6230:
6135:
5945:
5915:
5798:
5732:
5552:
5391:
5345:
5335:
5186:
4128:
3925:
3672:
3186:
3084:
1952:
1724:
1717:
1621:
1557:
495:
485:
230:
133:
128:
7866:
4680:
Darfur and the International Community: The Challenges of Conflict Resolution in Sudan
2709:
2531:[Nationalist Democratic Assembly] (in Arabic). Nationalist Democratic Assembly
1974:
coordinated much of the ALF's activities the ALF has also been considerably weakened.
12060:
11779:
11527:
11396:
11116:
10954:
10749:
9791:
9654:
8906:
8519:
8210:
7901:
7836:
7751:
7731:
7025:
6560:
6525:
6465:
6295:
6110:
6075:
6005:
6000:
5980:
5935:
5778:
5562:
5396:
4691:
4584:
4555:
4522:
4459:
4423:
4365:
4332:
4294:
4234:
4205:
4172:
4136:
3933:
3900:
3867:
3834:
3801:
3768:
3713:
3680:
3647:
3614:
3581:
3548:
3492:
3459:
3426:
3366:
3194:
3158:
3125:
3092:
3007:
2965:
2929:
2840:
2809:
2805:
Third World Colonialism and Strategies of Liberation: Eritrea and East Timor Compared
2441:
2412:
2383:
2354:
2325:
2292:
2276:
2021:
1850:
1777:
1773:
1375:
1366:
1287:
1210:, leader of the Iraqi branch. Following his return to Algeria in 2003, Choutri wrote
898:
500:
480:
222:
194:, until 2003. It is one of two parties (with identical names) which emerged from the
5001:
4832:"Tunisian Political Parties respond to the suspension of Syria from the Arab League"
2681:
11889:
11517:
10784:
9765:
9714:
9598:
9459:
9254:
9127:
8999:
8970:
8946:
8911:
8864:
8144:
7851:
7816:
7786:
7781:
7756:
7565:
7451:
7313:
7303:
7063:
6540:
6290:
6285:
6175:
6155:
6140:
5950:
5920:
5838:
5808:
5803:
5722:
5535:
5453:
5360:
3517:
2168:
1967:
1845:
introduced an anti-ba'athist policy which continued under his successor, President
1823:
1692:
1617:
1323:
1072:
1004:
961:
565:
113:
46:
2830:
12050:
11899:
11894:
11811:
11737:
11577:
11542:
11489:
11386:
10944:
10666:
10435:
10414:
10286:
9806:
9800:
9747:
9669:
9663:
9631:
9521:
9359:
8964:
8958:
8791:
8703:
8610:
8195:
8164:
8159:
8004:
7944:
7891:
7821:
7801:
7776:
7766:
7667:
7545:
7401:
6938:
6928:
6855:
6801:
6423:
6403:
6300:
6265:
6260:
6245:
6210:
6130:
6120:
6060:
5975:
5878:
5873:
5863:
5828:
5788:
5742:
5717:
5647:
5605:
5572:
5217:
5181:
5042:
4907:"Tunisie, Sondage : Ennahdha et Nidaa Tounes en tête des intentions de vote"
4858:
3958:
3573:
3150:
2205:
2190:
2157:
2141:
2130:
2118:
1978:
1915:
1866:
1815:
1795:
1672:
1583:
1561:
1464:
1452:
1425:
1319:
1305:
1229:
1199:
1188:
1123:
1119:
997:
425:
395:
390:
328:
199:
172:
144:
64:
4409:
4191:
3976:
2232:
this position caused an internal split. In March 2011, it was reported that the
11919:
11296:
11240:
10010:
9346:
9299:
9279:
9091:
9005:
8900:
8575:
8449:
8200:
8039:
7934:
7929:
7896:
7886:
7876:
7846:
7771:
7761:
7642:
7570:
7465:
7395:
7318:
6948:
6580:
6515:
6460:
6408:
6373:
6315:
6310:
6125:
6115:
6040:
5990:
5858:
5793:
5783:
5737:
5657:
5620:
5600:
5557:
5525:
5443:
5438:
5370:
5278:
5006:
4859:"Tunisia: Baath Party Condemns President's Decision to Expel Syrian Ambassador"
2153:
1971:
1769:
1761:
1704:
during the 1980s. The organisation also produced broadcasts for Radio Baghdad.
1668:
1638:
1274:
1148:
1060:
966:
460:
420:
410:
400:
375:
308:
238:
3293:"Kuwait Receives Iraqi Political Figures In Run-up To Parliamentary Elections"
1764:'s approval, expelled and banned Ba'athist personnel in the military in 1988.
205:
In 1966, the original Ba'ath Party was split in half; one half was led by the
12075:
11721:
10744:
10245:
9729:
9607:
8929:
8585:
8205:
7831:
7811:
7746:
7698:
7612:
7338:
7333:
6953:
6505:
6500:
6393:
6325:
6305:
6225:
6180:
6170:
6070:
5985:
5848:
5833:
5727:
4298:
4238:
3215:"Jordan's Political Parties: Islamists, Leftists, Nationalists And Centrists"
2859:
2048:, which has no affiliation with neither the pro-Iraq Ba'ath movement nor the
1436:
1398:
was addressed by the Iraqi government in January 2008 with its controversial
1267:
254:
158:
5074:قيادة مؤقتة لحزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي القومي تجمد سلام وتتهمه بتفتيت الحزب
4942:
3329:
1830:. The party was able to field candidates for parliamentary seats during the
11988:
11547:
11537:
10559:
9812:
9202:
8773:
8357:
8240:
7881:
7741:
7736:
7592:
7518:
7470:
7323:
7308:
6796:
6739:
6150:
5853:
5773:
5695:
5652:
5520:
5504:
5499:
5309:
5153:
5100:
5096:
5068:
5028:
4969:
4932:
4902:
4805:"Tunisian Baath Party Celebrates 5th Anniversary of Saddam Hussein's Death"
4122:
3385:
3178:
3076:
2705:
2677:
2649:
2584:
2550:
2522:
2253:
1939:
1696:
1429:
1111:
1051:
777:
380:
281:
183:
117:
1624:, the Lebanese parliament formed the National Dialogue Committee in 1975.
11749:
11567:
7856:
7713:
7560:
7555:
7501:
7480:
7353:
7328:
6958:
6575:
6320:
6240:
6215:
6200:
6195:
6160:
6085:
5843:
5823:
5700:
5674:
5158:"President Saleh calls on local councils to hold a meeting on 1 November"
2653:
2526:
2317:
2229:
2164:
2020:. In 1990, the party was composed largely of students who had studied in
1982:
1745:
1625:
1279:
1187:
The party branch in Algeria, the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Algeria (
976:
405:
10661:
8605:
2876:
Encyclopedia of Nationalism: Leaders, Movements, and Concepts, Volume II
2064:
1521:
10173:
10030:
10020:
8698:
7791:
7708:
7703:
7632:
7348:
6555:
5955:
5157:
4778:
4683:
2029:
1765:
1491:
214:
1981:, Abd al-Rahim Ahmad and Mahmud Isma'il. Most recently, it was led by
1727:
and used most of their early years in trying to infiltrate the ruling
1168:
10263:
10239:
9753:
9735:
9613:
9249:
8683:
7475:
7343:
5413:
4745:
4652:
4617:
4483:
4480:"Summary Of Political Parties And Coalitions In Mauritania, May 2006"
4451:
4357:
3296:
3248:
3218:
3147:
Dancing with Saddam: The Strategic Tango of Jordanian–Iraqi Relations
3050:
2921:
1990:
1735:, the Ba'ath branch took the conscious decision of trying to recruit
1676:
1502:
1483:
1448:
1379:
981:
971:
121:
4614:"Sudan And The Arabs: Possibly Step-sisters; Certainly Not Brothers"
4511:
The Palestinian Liberation Organisation: People, Power, and Politics
2160:, saying that Gaddafi had a right to a fair trial like anyone else.
1582:
It is presently known as the Socialist Arab Lebanon Vanguard Party (
10351:
10233:
10202:
8758:
8721:
8215:
7924:
7420:
7099:
4547:
4415:
4197:
2233:
2167:
and asserts that foreign nations should play a neutral role in the
2121:, was established in 1955, but the Ba'ath Party was outlawed under
2041:
2017:
1986:
1854:
1612:. The party expanded during the first half of the 1970s and in the
1553:
1135:
515:
505:
206:
5034:الأحزاب السياسية العربية: اليمن: حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي القومي
11743:
11552:
11512:
11443:
9575:
8667:
8469:
8320:
1736:
1424:(ALF) and the ALF's first leader was the Jordanian, Zaid Haydar.
1243:
187:
77:
3321:
2951:
9416:
9172:
8434:
4260:"SADDAM SENDS FAMILY, OFFICIALS TO MAURITANIA, THE BBC REPORTS"
3389:
1858:
1370:
3047:"The Baath Party In Jordan: Short On Funds And Members Madaba"
1645:. Throughout its existence, it has controlled the Palestinian
171:(spelled "Ba'th" or "Baath", "resurrection" or "renaissance";
12038:
Popular Front for the Liberation of the Occupied Arabian Gulf
11865:
11001:
10713:
10492:
10486:
9989:
8019:
4577:
Dictionary of the African Left: Parties, Movements and Groups
4410:
Banks, Arhur S.; Muller, Thomas; Overstreet, William (2008).
4318:
4192:
Banks, Arhur S.; Muller, Thomas; Overstreet, William (2008).
2590:"التجمع القومي" خامس جمعية تعلن مقاطعتها للانتخابات التكميلية
2198:
Hizb Al-Ba'ath Al-Arabi Al-Ishtiraki Al-Qawmi – Qutr Al-Yaman
2036:. Because of Saddam Hussein's amicable relationship with the
1486:. Currently, the Ba'ath branch has no members of parliament.
1444:
4938:قيم البعث وعبقرية القائد الشهيد صدام حسين تجسدا يوم استشهاده
3989:
2711:التجمع الديمقراطي: عدم رفع شعار إسقاط النظام سببه ظروف معينة
2622:"Attorney Calls for further investigation into the incident"
1322:
of Syria, although calls for no foreign intervention in the
217:, but relations became so antagonistic that Syria supported
8848:
4354:
Profiles of People in Power: The World's Government Leaders
2658:[News] (in Arabic). Nationalist Democratic Assembly
2248:(failing to win any seats) and called for a boycott of the
2175:, a communist-dominated front with strong popular backing.
1926:
1494:, while others are weary of its Arab nationalist ideology.
1440:
1172:
Ba'athist Iraq's hegemonic ambitions between 1963 and 2003.
1139:
powers, many of its leading members also held seats in the
218:
191:
182:), also referred to as the pro-Iraqi Ba'ath movement, is a
10618:
Palestinian Popular Struggle Front (Khalid ‘Abd al-Majid)
4351:
2918:
The Future Catches Up: Transnational Parties and Democracy
2890:"Iraq's New Law on Ex-Baathists Could Bring Another Purge"
2881:
2434:
Steel & Silk: Men and Women who shaped Syria 1900–2000
4321:
Globalization, Human Security, and the African Experience
3996:
Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies
2801:
2189:
The National Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Yemen Region (
1671:, a new revolutionary government was established, led by
1342:
Ba'athist organizations emerged in the leadership of the
5216:
5123:
4123:
Lane, Jan-Erik; Redissi, Hamadi; Ṣaydāwī, Riyāḍ (2009).
3975:. Vol. 111–12. London: IC Magazines. 1984. p.
3919:
3267:
2624:["النيابة" تطلب مواصلة التحري في حادث "الزنج"].
4775:"Tunisian Baathists have strong standing: party leader"
4712:"Wide Reactions to Jadein Group Statement by Baathists"
3144:
2467:
2095:
The Syrian branch of the Iraqi-led party supported the
1459:
it failed to finance the return of students from Iraq.
4161:
A Political and Economic Dictionary of the Middle East
3041:
3039:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3025:
3023:
2996:
Nationalist Voices in Jordan: The Street and the State
2117:
The first Ba'athist branch in Tunisia, then under the
1620:
and was built with generous aid from Iraq. During the
3955:
Political Parties of the Middle East and North Africa
3666:
3570:
Political parties of the Middle East and North Africa
3322:
Socialist Lebanon Vanguard Party (29 December 2010).
2993:
2915:
2832:
Evil Days: Thirty Years of War and Famine in Ethiopia
11978:
10610:
Palestinian Popular Struggle Front (Samir Ghawshah)
4125:
Religion and Politics: Islam and Muslim Civilization
3391:جمعية سياسية باسم "حزب طليعة لبنان العربي الاشتراكي"
2038:
Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation
1809:
1250:
during the 1960s and 1970s. The party boycotted the
10876:
Sudanese Communist Party – Revolutionary Leadership
4442:
4046:. The Moor Next Door. November 2010. Archived from
4041:"An Overview of Ba'athist tendencies in Mauritania"
4035:
4033:
4031:
4029:
3020:
2887:
2224:. Politically, the party is allied with the ruling
2185:
National Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Yemen Region
1568:, has been accused of trying to rebuild the party.
1196:
Hizb Al-Ba'ath Al-'Arabi Al-Ishtiraki fi Al-Jaza'ir
10465:
8030:General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries
6944:General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries
5129:"Yemen: Country Reports on Human Rights Practices"
4881:"Tunisia: Splintered history of the Tunisian Left"
4643:
4641:
4639:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4602:
4600:
4225:Anderson, Jack; Atta, Dale Van (20 January 1991).
4027:
4025:
4023:
4021:
4019:
4017:
4015:
4013:
4011:
4009:
3886:
3412:
2888:Paley, Amit R.; Joshua Partlow (23 January 2008).
2275:
1834:and was the only party (with the exception of the
1262:was boycotted by the party in solidarity with the
10523:Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine
4999:
4677:
4541:
2828:
2788:The Terrorist List: The Middle East, Volume 1 A-K
2496:"Bahrainis take to the streets over job security"
2431:
1242:) represents the Iraqi-dominated Ba'ath Party in
1151:. After Saddam was executed on 30 December 2006,
12073:
10573:Palestinian Liberation Front (Abu Nidal Ashqar)
8515:National Front of Independents for Understanding
5429:Ba'athist Arabization campaigns in northern Iraq
4574:
4287:"WAR IN THE GULF; Another Report On Hussein Kin"
3702:The Current Legal Regulation of the Use of Force
3699:
3636:The Breakdown of the State in Lebanon, 1967–1976
3633:
3603:The Breakdown of the State in Lebanon, 1967–1976
3600:
3537:The Breakdown of the State in Lebanon, 1967–1976
3534:
3481:The Breakdown of the State in Lebanon, 1967–1976
3478:
3448:The Breakdown of the State in Lebanon, 1967–1976
3445:
2795:
2402:
2373:
2344:
1849:. However, the Mauritanian Government supported
1731:and state institutions. In the aftermath of the
1472:Hizb Al-Ba'ath Al-'Arabi Al-Ishtiraki Al-Urduniy
1304:The Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Egypt Region (
4636:
4597:
4006:
3375:. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1985. p. 79
2683:بيان صادر عن التجمع القومي الديمقراطي في العراق
2463:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2374:Ghareeb, Edmund A.; Dougherty, Beth K. (2004).
2345:Ghareeb, Edmund A.; Dougherty, Beth K. (2004).
227:U.S.-led coalition against Iraq in the Gulf War
12016:Organisation of Yemeni Revolutionary Resistors
10650:Politics of the Palestinian National Authority
10499:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
5356:National Council for the Revolutionary Command
4798:
4796:
4508:
3511:
3287:
3285:
3111:
1603:At first, the pro-Iraqi Ba'ath branch and the
1110:, which overthrew the Aflaqite faction led by
11848:
11423:
11170:Movement for Justice and Development in Syria
10981:
10693:
10451:
10153:
10122:National Conference for the Libyan Opposition
9969:
9558:
9396:
9152:
8828:
8647:
8500:National Party for Solidarity and Development
8300:
8060:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
7507:Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine
7436:
7120:National Alliance for the Liberation of Syria
5202:
4158:
3952:
3567:
2195:حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي القومي - قطر اليمن
2007:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Region of Sudan
1593:Hizb Al-Taliyeh Lubnan Al-'Arabi Al-Ishtiraki
1026:
233:in Iraq for the first time in 1963, but were
8495:National Movement for Nature and Development
6907:
5152:
5095:
5067:
5027:
4931:
4909:(in French). Tunivisions.net. Archived from
4901:
4224:
3853:
3820:
3787:
3754:
3177:
3075:
2947:
2945:
2704:
2676:
2648:
2583:
2549:
2521:
2493:
2470:"Baath Party resumes underground activities"
2468:Belamry, Algiers-Ramada (8 September 2008).
2454:
1951:(PLO). The ALF was a founding member of the
1591:
1237:
9742:Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Tashnag)
9644:Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Tashnag)
4793:
4769:
4767:
3282:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2952:Matter, Philip; Fischbach, Michael (2005).
2808:. Cambridge University Press. p. 155.
2559:[Nationalist Democratic Assembly].
2405:Conflict and Cooperation in the Gulf Region
2314:Bush in Babylon: The Recolonisation of Iraq
1313:Hizb Al-Ba'ath Al-Arabi Al-Ishtiraki – Misr
1290:, with a peaceful transition to democracy.
186:political party which was headquartered in
16:Iraqi-dominated faction of the Ba'ath party
11855:
11841:
11430:
11416:
10988:
10974:
10700:
10686:
10634:Revolutionary Palestinian Communist Party
10458:
10444:
10160:
10146:
10066:National Party for Development and Welfare
9976:
9962:
9565:
9551:
9403:
9389:
9159:
9145:
8835:
8821:
8654:
8640:
8440:Algerian Party for Democracy and Socialism
8307:
8293:
7443:
7429:
5209:
5195:
4856:
4829:
4802:
3514:The parliamentary election of Lebanon 1968
3273:
2311:
1871:Parti pour le Travail et l'Unité Nationale
1836:Republican Party for Democracy and Renewal
1300:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Egypt Region
1033:
1019:
157:
12117:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region
11626:Democratic Forum for Labour and Liberties
10565:Palestinian Liberation Front (Abu Abbas)
10127:National Front for the Salvation of Libya
10076:Popular Front for the Liberation of Libya
7001:Arab Socialist Revolutionary Ba'ath Party
2942:
2489:
2487:
1741:The Baaʿth and the Haratine in Mauritania
1360:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region
889:Arab Socialist Revolutionary Ba'ath Party
243:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region
21:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region
11930:Nasserist Unionist People's Organisation
10790:Sudan People's Liberation Movement–North
9027:Chaldean Syriac Assyrian Popular Council
8140:Coat of arms of the United Arab Republic
8070:Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation
8035:Independence Party (Mandatory Palestine)
6964:Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation
4968:
4764:
4319:Thomas, Caroline; Wilkin, Peter (1999).
4071:
3814:
3384:
2978:
2870:
2868:
2822:
2784:
2616:
2614:
1959:. Abdel-Wahhab Kayyali (a member of the
1167:
12021:Revolutionary Democratic Party of Yemen
11098:Popular Front for Change and Liberation
10373:2023 Mauritanian parliamentary election
9056:Yazidi Movement for Reform and Progress
8015:Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction)
8000:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
7105:Front of Patriotic and National Parties
7084:Palestinian National and Islamic Forces
6934:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
3990:Shaked, Haim; Daniel Dishon (1983–84).
99:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
12074:
11281:Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction)
11145:Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party
8888:Islamic Dawa Party – Iraq Organisation
8591:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Algeria
8010:Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction)
7016:Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party
4964:
4962:
4960:
4072:Archives, L. A. Times (29 June 1987).
2484:
2103:against the Syrian Ba'ath government.
1212:The Baathist Faith of President Saddam
1204:Parti Baath arabe socialiste d'Algérie
1183:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party of Algeria
1045:
922:Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party
12157:Political parties established in 1966
11836:
11411:
10969:
10681:
10439:
10141:
9957:
9546:
9384:
9140:
8816:
8635:
8288:
7424:
7285:
6906:
6613:
5474:
5256:
5190:
5000:al-Qiri, Mohammad (7 February 2009).
4975:الأحزاب السياسية في الجمهورية اليمنية
4352:East, Roger; Thomas, Richard (1999).
4154:
4152:
2865:
2611:
1578:Socialist Arab Lebanon Vanguard Party
1416:Jordanian Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
1228:The Nationalist Democratic Assembly (
1193:حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي في الجزائر
1163:
1088:9th National Congress (February 1968)
209:leadership of the Ba'ath Party which
11935:National Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
11348:Kurdish Democratic Progressive Party
7450:
7135:Palestinian National Salvation Front
5039:United Nations Development Programme
4883:. MuslimNews.co.uk. 10 February 2013
4412:Political Handbook of the World 2008
4227:"MAURITANIA'S PERSECUTION OF BLACKS"
4194:Political Handbook of the World 2008
2378:. The Scarecrow Press, Ltd. p.
2349:. The Scarecrow Press, Ltd. p.
2059:
1610:Tripoli in the 1968 general election
1516:
1239:Al-Tajamu'u Al-Qawmi Al-Dimuqratiyah
1079:
180:Ḥizb al-Ba‘th al-‘Arabī al-Ishtirākī
12102:Banned political parties in Algeria
11318:Kurdistan Democratic Party of Syria
11155:Kurdistan Democratic Party of Syria
11075:Democratic Socialist Unionist Party
8050:National Liberation Front (Algeria)
7205:Socialist Democratic Unionist Party
7170:Democratic Socialist Unionist Party
5021:
5002:"Third Yemeni Ba'ath party planned"
4957:
3913:
3274:al-Mdaires, Falah Abdullah (2010).
3053:. 22 September 2005. Archived from
2209:
2194:
2134:
1949:Palestinian Liberation Organization
1799:
1675:. The government was recognised as
1587:
1468:
1318:The party supports the removing of
1309:
1273:The party opposes the government's
1233:
1192:
1128:a Syrian-dominated ba'ath movements
1091:10th National Congress (March 1970)
176:
13:
11484:Democratic Patriots' Unified Party
11343:Kurdish National Alliance in Syria
11190:Kurdish National Alliance in Syria
11140:Syrian Democratic Turkmen Movement
10102:Libyan Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
9448:National Islamic Alliance (Taalof)
8764:National Democratic Action Society
8727:National Democratic Action Society
8490:Movement of National Understanding
7990:Arab Socialist Union Party (Syria)
7512:1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
7255:General Federation of Trade Unions
7115:Lebanese National Resistance Front
6828:National Progressive Front (Syria)
4834:. Tunisia-live.net. Archived from
4807:. Tunisia-live.net. Archived from
4748:. 26 February 1985. Archived from
4284:
4149:
2802:Awet Tewelde Weldemichael (2013).
1659:Libyan Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
1637:, a political organisation led by
1509:dominance on the political scene.
1469:حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي الاردني
1348:Eritrean People's Liberation Front
461:The Genius of Arabic in Its Tongue
14:
12238:
10886:Sudanese People's Socialist Front
8480:Movement for Democracy in Algeria
8055:Palestine Liberation Organization
7286:
7079:Palestine Liberation Organization
6823:National Progressive Front (Iraq)
6476:Ahmad Husayn Khudayir as-Samarrai
5906:Humam Abd al-Khaliq Abd al-Ghafur
5175:
3920:Leslie Simmons, Geoffrey (1993).
3299:. 20 January 2010. Archived from
2862:, London, 24–30 June 1978, p. 78.
12107:Banned political parties in Iraq
11981:
11950:Social Nationalist Party – Yemen
11864:
11442:
11364:Assyrian Democratic Organization
11150:Arab Revolutionary Workers Party
11057:Syrian Communist Party (Unified)
11051:Syrian Communist Party (Bakdash)
11000:
10712:
10660:
10508:Palestinian National Initiative
10172:
10117:Muslim Association of the Lictor
10112:Libyan National Democratic Front
10041:Libyan Popular National Movement
9988:
9574:
9415:
9171:
8847:
8666:
8604:
8505:Movement for Youth and Democracy
8319:
8269:
8268:
7995:Arabian Peninsula People's Union
7678:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
6984:Arab Revolutionary Workers Party
6614:
5888:Members of the Regional Commands
3922:Libya: The Struggle for Survival
3145:Schenker, David Kenneth (2003).
2954:Encyclopedia of the Palestinians
2878:. Academic Press, 2001. Pp. 240.
2129:, the Tunisian Ba'ath Movement (
2063:
1588:حزب طليعة لبنان العربي الاشتراكي
1520:
1315:) is an active branch in Egypt.
909:Arab Revolutionary Workers Party
288:
12222:Transnational political parties
12197:Socialist parties in Mauritania
11768:Democratic Constitutional Rally
11251:Syrian–Lebanese Communist Party
11165:Democratic Arab Socialist Union
11033:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
10169:Political parties in Mauritania
10071:Party of Reform and Development
9638:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
9466:Islamic Constitutional Movement
8917:Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq
8569:Unrecognized or illegal parties
7638:November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état
7232:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
5366:November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état
5146:
5117:
5089:
5061:
4993:
4925:
4895:
4873:
4850:
4830:Ajmi, Sana (13 November 2011).
4823:
4742:"The Syrian Muslim Brotherhood"
4734:
4718:. 10 April 2003. Archived from
4704:
4671:
4655:. 30 April 2003. Archived from
4649:"Return Of Sudanese Ba'athists"
4568:
4535:
4502:
4472:
4448:Africa South of the Sahara 2004
4436:
4403:
4378:
4345:
4312:
4278:
4252:
4218:
4185:
4116:
4091:
4065:
3992:Middle East Contemporary Survey
3983:
3965:
3946:
3880:
3847:
3781:
3748:
3726:
3693:
3660:
3627:
3594:
3561:
3528:
3505:
3472:
3439:
3406:
3378:
3359:
3344:
3315:
3237:
3207:
3171:
3138:
3105:
3069:
2909:
2853:
2778:
2752:
2726:
2698:
2670:
2642:
2577:
2543:
1435:Since the establishment of the
1387:Coalition Provisional Authority
1310:حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي- مصر
1224:Nationalist Democratic Assembly
1126:split into Iraqi-dominated and
1101:
247:Coalition Provisional Authority
221:against Iraq during the bloody
12137:Nationalist parties in Lebanon
12122:Nationalist parties in Algeria
11798:National Destourian Initiative
11717:Voice of the People of Tunisia
10467:Political parties in Palestine
10026:Justice and Construction Party
9919:Popular Nasserist Organization
9772:Popular Nasserist Organization
9290:Democratic Popular Unity Party
8732:Progressive Democratic Tribune
8460:Democratic and Social Movement
8364:National Construction Movement
8080:Union of Arab Republics (1972)
7842:Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz
7054:Alliance of Palestinian Forces
5475:
4857:Ajmi, Sana (5 February 2012).
4620:. 1 April 1990. Archived from
3415:The war for Lebanon, 1970–1985
3372:The War for Lebanon, 1970-1985
3251:. 26 July 2007. Archived from
3114:Political parties in the World
2994:Anderson, Bette Signe (2005).
2916:Goldman, Ralph Morris (2002).
2835:. Human Rights Watch. p.
2556:جمعية التجمع القومي الديمقراطي
2515:
2425:
2396:
2367:
2338:
2305:
2269:
1421:
1400:Accountability and Justice Act
1260:2011 parliamentary by-election
1:
12227:Left-wing nationalist parties
12147:Pan-Arabist political parties
11925:Nasserist Reform Organisation
11654:Justice and Development Party
11597:Democratic and Social Union (
10626:Reform and Development Party
10597:Palestinian Democratic Union
9260:Arab Ba'ath Progressive Party
8376:Justice and Development Front
8346:Movement of Society for Peace
7265:General Union of Syrian Women
7175:Kurdistan Revolutionary Party
7130:Palestinian National Alliance
5402:Revolutionary Command Council
5294:Syrian Committee to Help Iraq
4803:Ajmi, Sana (4 January 2012).
4486:. 15 May 2006. Archived from
3669:Civil war in Lebanon, 1975–92
3221:. 20 May 2003. Archived from
2760:"Two Iraqi Plotters Detained"
2376:Historical Dictionary of Iraq
2347:Historical Dictionary of Iraq
2263:
1707:
1695:organisation, was founded by
1566:Iraqi National Dialogue Front
1499:Ba'ath Arab Progressive Party
1484:pro-Iraqi, Saddamist platform
1145:Revolutionary Command Council
1097:12th National Congress (1992)
1094:11th National Congress (1977)
532:Syrian Committee to Help Iraq
143:Black, red, white and green (
12217:Socialist parties in Tunisia
12187:Socialist parties in Lebanon
12167:Socialist parties in Bahrain
12162:Socialist parties in Algeria
12152:Parties of one-party systems
12142:Nationalist parties in Syria
12127:Nationalist parties in Egypt
11774:Progressive Democratic Party
11669:National Front for Salvation
11439:Political parties in Tunisia
11231:League of Nationalist Action
10922:National Democratic Alliance
10912:Forces of Freedom and Change
10729:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
10605:Palestinian Freedom Movement
10589:Palestinian Communist Party
10371:Parties dissolved after the
9581:Political parties in Lebanon
9504:National Democratic Alliance
9499:Kuwaiti Progressive Movement
9331:Revolutionary People's Party
9321:National Liberation Movement
9096:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
9061:Council of Free Shabaks (1)
9012:Assyrian Democratic Movement
8993:Reserved Christian seats (5)
8924:Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
8663:Political parties in Bahrain
8540:Progressive Republican Party
8530:National Republican Alliance
8475:Islamic Renaissance Movement
8316:Political parties in Algeria
8025:Federation of Arab Republics
7985:Arab Socialist Union (Libya)
7975:Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)
7576:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
7524:Arab separatism in Khuzestan
7074:National Democratic Alliance
7059:Forces of Freedom and Change
6056:Abdullah Sallum al-Samarra'i
6016:Muhyi Abdul-Hussein Mashhadi
5966:Adil Abdullah Mahdi Al-Douri
2785:Mickolus, Edward F. (2009).
2258:2003 parliamentary elections
2138:Haraket Al-Ba'ath Al-Tounisi
1876:
1832:1992 parliamentary elections
1750:Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla
556:Syrian occupation of Lebanon
264:
211:established a party in Syria
7:
12182:Socialist parties in Jordan
12132:Nationalist parties in Iraq
12087:1966 establishments in Iraq
11905:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
11302:Muslim Brotherhood in Syria
11266:Socialist Cooperation Party
11081:Social Democratic Unionists
11069:Arab Democratic Union Party
11020:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
10532:Palestinian People's Party
9913:Progressive Socialist Party
9676:Progressive Socialist Party
9412:Political parties in Kuwait
9275:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
9214:National Unity Movement (5)
9168:Political parties in Jordan
9069:Unrepresented in parliament
9043:Reserved minority seats (3)
9022:Beth Nahrin Patriotic Union
8455:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
8150:Flag of the Arab Federation
7980:Arab Socialist Union (Iraq)
7970:Arab Socialist Action Party
7200:Social Democratic Unionists
7165:Arab Democratic Union Party
6861:National Defense Battalions
5257:
5219:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
4074:"Mauritania Cuts Iran Ties"
3887:Metz, Helen Chapin (2004).
3706:Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
3413:Rabinovich, Itamar (1985).
2494:Mahdi, Mazdi (2 May 2010).
2246:1997 parliamentary election
2241:1993 parliamentary election
1847:Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya
1820:Parti Avant-Garde nationale
1810:
1758:Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya
1754:Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya
1643:Progressive Socialist Party
1592:
1252:2002 parliamentary election
1238:
698:
561:Assadist-Saddamist conflict
169:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
92:National Defense Battalions
33:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
10:
12243:
12212:Socialist parties in Syria
12207:Socialist parties in Sudan
12202:Socialist parties in Yemen
12192:Socialist parties in Libya
12172:Socialist parties in Egypt
11960:Yemen Renaissance Movement
11910:Democratic Nasserist Party
11871:Political parties in Yemen
11762:Socialist Destourian Party
11635:Expatriate Tunisians' Call
11612:Socialist Destourian Party
11280:
11039:Arab Socialist Union Party
11012:National Progressive Front
10997:Political parties in Syria
10866:Socialist Republican Party
10810:Sudanese National Alliance
10709:Political parties in Sudan
10655:Lists of political parties
9985:Political parties in Libya
9472:Justice and Peace Alliance
9226:Civil Democratic Party (1)
9211:National Islamic Party (7)
8895:Kurdistan Democratic Party
8545:Republican Patriotic Rally
8121:On the Way of Resurrection
8114:The Battle for One Destiny
8045:Lebanese National Movement
7486:Third International Theory
7378:On the Way of Resurrection
7371:The Battle for One Destiny
7160:Arab Socialist Union Party
7110:Lebanese National Movement
6340:Ali Ahmad Nasser al-Dhahab
6051:Abd al-Khaliq al-Samarra'i
4678:Barltrop, Richard (2010).
4542:Baracskay, Daniel (2011).
4515:Cambridge University Press
3667:O'Ballance, Edgar (1998).
2829:Alexander De Waal (1991).
2432:Moubayed, Sami M. (2006).
2250:1999 presidential election
2182:
2110:
2106:
2050:pro-Syrian Ba'ath movement
2004:
1880:
1739:. They started publishing
1729:Mauritanian People's Party
1711:
1656:
1635:Lebanese National Movement
1575:
1571:
1413:
1357:
1337:
1297:
1221:
1217:
1180:
1176:
814:
455:The Battle for One Destiny
450:On the Way of Resurrection
245:was banned in 2003 by the
177:حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي
36:حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي
18:
12177:Socialist parties in Iraq
12056:List of political parties
12046:
12028:National Liberation Front
12011:National Democratic Front
12006:Alliance of Yemeni Tribes
11998:
11976:
11940:National Solidarity Party
11915:General People's Congress
11877:
11817:List of political parties
11807:
11792:Democratic Alliance Party
11730:
11712:Unionist Democratic Union
11659:Maghrebi Republican Party
11621:Congress for the Republic
11563:Republican People's Union
11505:
11452:
11392:List of political parties
11382:
11374:Assyrian Democratic Party
11356:
11333:Kurdish Supreme Committee
11310:
11289:
11203:
11125:Democratic People's Party
11115:
11096:
11010:
10950:List of political parties
10940:
10932:Sudan Revolutionary Front
10927:National Redemption Front
10917:National Consensus Forces
10904:
10856:People's Democratic Party
10818:
10755:Democratic Unionist Party
10722:
10645:
10544:
10473:
10420:List of political parties
10410:
10370:
10326:
10273:
10218:
10193:
10182:
10089:
9998:
9938:
9905:
9843:
9790:
9713:
9703:
9685:
9653:
9626:Lebanese Democratic Party
9597:
9587:
9527:List of political parties
9517:
9486:
9425:
9365:List of political parties
9355:
9339:
9308:
9285:Democratic People's Party
9242:
9230:Jordanian Communist Party
9220:Jordanian Labor Party (2)
9181:
9125:
9084:
9068:
9042:
8992:
8939:
8857:
8844:Political parties in Iraq
8797:List of political parties
8787:
8751:
8712:
8694:National Justice Movement
8689:Al-Menber Islamic Society
8676:
8616:List of political parties
8599:
8568:
8535:Party of Algerian Renewal
8525:National Movement of Hope
8510:National Democratic Front
8445:Algerian Popular Movement
8428:Non-parliamentary parties
8427:
8394:Freedom and Justice Party
8352:Democratic National Rally
8340:National Liberation Front
8329:
8264:
8173:
8130:
8098:
8075:Unified Political Command
7965:Arab Nationalist Movement
7910:
7862:Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi
7722:
7691:
7658:1969 Sudanese coup d'état
7529:1979 Khuzestan insurgency
7494:
7458:
7387:
7362:
7296:
7292:
7281:
7260:General Union of Peasants
7247:
7152:
7092:
7069:National Consensus Forces
7046:
7039:
6972:
6921:
6917:
6902:
6882:Revolutionary Youth Union
6874:
6843:
6836:
6815:
6789:
6717:
6639:
6628:
6624:
6609:
6594:
6484:
6444:
6437:
6382:
6357:
6350:
6334:
6099:
5894:
5887:
5756:
5710:
5688:
5667:
5640:
5593:
5586:
5545:
5513:
5492:
5485:
5481:
5470:
5384:
5323:
5302:
5271:
5267:
5252:
5226:
4575:Lain, Donald Ray (1989).
3700:Cassese, Antonio (1986).
3634:El-Khazen, Farid (2000).
3601:El-Khazen, Farid (2000).
3535:El-Khazen, Farid (2000).
3479:El-Khazen, Farid (2000).
3446:El-Khazen, Farid (2000).
3278:. Routledge. p. 217.
3000:University of Texas Press
2403:Kostiner, Joseph (1998).
2226:General People's Congress
2222:pro-Syria Ba'athist party
1922:
1910:
1902:
1894:
1889:
1811:Hizb Al-Taliyeh Al-Watani
1785:Iraq's invasion of Kuwait
1512:
1409:
1406:until his death in 2020.
1344:Eritrean Liberation Front
1266:. It is headquartered in
933:
920:
907:
897:
887:
849:
828:
807:
786:
765:
744:
728:
707:
691:
670:
649:
628:
607:
586:
491:November 1963 coup d'état
347:
337:
327:
317:
307:
156:
151:
139:
127:
107:
87:
73:
60:
52:
42:
30:
12112:Banned socialist parties
12092:Arab nationalism in Iraq
11644:Green Party for Progress
11328:Kurdish National Council
11261:Arab Liberation Movement
11045:Socialist Unionist Party
10891:Sudanese Socialist Union
10800:Sudanese Communist Party
10051:National Forces Alliance
10036:Libyan National Movement
9860:Lebanese Communist Party
9494:Civil Conservative Party
9326:National Socialist Party
9017:Assyrian Patriotic Party
8779:Al Wafa Islamic Movement
8769:Bahrain Freedom Movement
8555:Socialist Workers' Party
7583:1952 Egyptian revolution
7210:Socialist Unionist Party
7180:Libyan National Movement
7006:Arabic Toilers' Movement
6910:Associated organizations
6770:National Security Bureau
6718:Syrian-dominated faction
6146:Mohammed Saeed Bekheitan
6081:Yahya Abdallah al-Ubaydi
5931:Mohammed Younis al-Ahmed
5631:Mohammed Younis al-Ahmed
5546:Syrian-dominated faction
5242:Syrian-dominated faction
5125:United States Government
5101:
5073:
5033:
4974:
4937:
4325:Lynne Rienner Publishers
3734:Guerrillas for Palestine
3640:Harvard University Press
3607:Harvard University Press
3541:Harvard University Press
3485:Harvard University Press
3452:Harvard University Press
3419:Cornell University Press
3390:
3365:Rabinovich, Itamar, and
3324:
2791:. ABC-CLIO. p. 405.
2710:
2682:
2654:
2589:
2555:
2528:التجمع القومي الديمقراطي
2527:
2239:The party contested the
2178:
2146:Mouvement Baath tunisien
2113:Tunisian Ba'ath Movement
2055:
2000:
1689:Libyan National Movement
1652:
1605:pro-Syrian Ba'ath branch
1558:Iraqi invasion of Kuwait
1293:
1234:التجمع القومي الديمقراطي
349:Baath Party (pro-Syrian)
12033:People's Vanguard Party
11955:Union of Popular Forces
11338:Kurdish Future Movement
11290:Banned Islamist parties
11185:Kurdish Future Movement
11130:Syrian Turkmen Assembly
11087:Arab Socialist Movement
11063:National Covenant Party
10841:National Congress Party
10805:Sudanese Congress Party
10760:Islamic Socialist Party
10581:Palestinian Arab Front
10061:National Movement Party
10046:National Centrist Party
9925:National Dialogue Party
9724:Free Patriotic Movement
9620:Free Patriotic Movement
9509:Popular Action Movement
9478:Kuwait Democratic Forum
9442:Islamic Salafi Alliance
9316:Communist Toilers Party
8977:Kurdistan Justice Group
8953:New Generation Movement
8940:Minor political parties
8858:Major political parties
8581:Islamic Salvation Front
8412:Algerian National Front
8236:Palestinian nationalism
8155:Flag of the Arab Revolt
7648:1966 Syrian coup d'état
7628:1963 Syrian coup d'état
7608:1961 Syrian coup d'état
7185:National Covenant Party
6989:Arab Socialist Movement
6640:Iraqi-dominated faction
6566:Omar Ibrahim Ghalawanji
6256:Mohammad Jihad al-Laham
5941:Huda Salih Mahdi Ammash
5911:Muhammad Zimam al-Sadun
5514:Iraqi-dominated faction
5434:1979 Ba'ath Party Purge
5424:Union of Arab Republics
5376:1966 Syrian coup d'état
5351:1963 Syrian coup d'état
5331:1954 Syrian coup d'état
5289:Arab Socialist Movement
5233:Iraqi-dominated faction
4509:Cobban, Helena (1984).
3856:Libya: a Modern History
3823:Libya: a Modern History
3790:Libya: a Modern History
3757:Libya: a Modern History
3512:Zumiyya, Jamal (1972).
3112:Day, Alan John (2002).
2123:Zine El Abidine Ben Ali
1961:PLO Executive Committee
1957:PLO's Ten Point Program
1955:in 1974, rejecting the
1792:National Vanguard Party
1714:National Vanguard Party
1630:pro-Syrian Ba'ath Party
1353:
1275:naturalisation policies
1108:1966 Syrian coup d'état
551:Intervention in Lebanon
339:Baath Party (pro-Iraqi)
129:Political position
11970:Yemeni Socialist Party
11679:Popular Unity Movement
11495:Independent lists (52)
11323:Democratic Union Party
11276:Communist Labour Party
11256:Syrian Communist Party
11175:Democratic Union Party
10861:Republican Brotherhood
10846:National Islamic Front
10826:Anti-Imperialist Front
10780:Popular Congress Party
10770:Liberal Party of Sudan
10552:Arab Liberation Front
10425:Politics of Mauritania
10107:Libyan Communist Party
9825:National Liberal Party
9265:Islamic Centrist Party
9217:Blessed Land Party (2)
9197:National Charter Party
9050:Hareth Shanshal Sunaid
8877:State of Law Coalition
8737:Islamic Action Society
8677:Pro-government parties
8550:Socialist Forces Front
7663:1969 Libyan revolution
7541:1941 Iraqi coup d'état
7215:Syrian Communist Party
7021:Palestinian Arab Front
6551:Muhammad Naji al-Otari
6531:Muhammad Ali al-Halabi
6521:Abdul Rahman Khleifawi
6471:Mohammed Hamza Zubeidi
6276:Muhammad Naji al-Otari
6251:Abdul Rahman Khleifawi
6186:Muhammad Ali al-Halabi
6091:Mohammed Hamza Zubeidi
6026:Ghazi Hamoud Al-Obaidi
5971:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
5926:Jamal Mustafa Abdullah
5626:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
5531:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
4285:Ap (25 January 1991).
4159:Seddon, David (2004).
3953:Tachau, Frank (1994).
3889:Libya: a Country Study
3568:Tachau, Frank (1994).
3118:University of Michigan
2436:. Cune Press. p.
2026:National Islamic Front
1995:Israeli Defence Forces
1870:
1819:
1404:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
1208:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
1173:
1153:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
1141:Iraqi Regional Command
1067:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
579:Regional organisations
431:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
11885:Al-Ahrar Organization
11707:Tunisian Pirate Party
11533:Free Destourian Party
11478:Voice of the Republic
11466:25th of July Movement
11195:Reform Party of Syria
11025:pan-Arab organization
10795:Sudanese Ba'ath Party
10733:Organization of Sudan
9845:17 October Revolution
9819:Independence Movement
9115:Arab Liberation Front
9105:pan-Arab organization
8382:Good Governance Front
8221:Jordanian nationalism
7955:Arab Islamic Republic
7950:Arab Higher Committee
7827:Rashid Ali al-Gaylani
7807:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
7618:North Yemen civil war
7551:Arab–Israeli conflict
7031:Sudanese Ba'ath Party
6546:Muhammad Mustafa Mero
6496:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
6271:Muhammad Mustafa Mero
6066:Nayef Shindakh Thamer
5819:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
5680:Abd al-Majid al-Rafei
5315:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
3854:Wright, John (1981).
3821:Wright, John (1981).
3788:Wright, John (1981).
3755:Wright, John (1981).
2407:. VS Verlag. p.
2281:Iraq: A Country Study
2046:Sudanese Ba'ath Party
1985:and headquartered in
1936:Arab Liberation Front
1883:Arab Liberation Front
1881:Further information:
1828:2003 invasion of Iraq
1647:Arab Liberation Front
1614:1972 general election
1439:political systems in
1422:Arab Liberation Front
1284:2003 invasion of Iraq
1171:
1124:original Ba'ath Party
1116:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
935:Sudanese Ba'ath Party
546:Corrective Revolution
386:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
225:; it also joined the
11697:Social Liberal Party
11639:Free Patriotic Union
11583:Farmers' Voice Party
11558:Tunisian Alternative
11271:Arab Communist Party
11246:Arab Ba'ath Movement
11180:National Youth Party
10851:Nuba Mountains Union
10097:Arab Socialist Union
10056:National Front Party
9191:Islamic Action Front
8256:Tunisian nationalism
8226:Lebanese nationalism
8186:Egyptian nationalism
8181:Algerian nationalism
8085:United Arab Republic
7960:Arab Liberation Army
7940:Arab Ba'ath Movement
7797:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
7125:National Union Front
6456:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
6414:Abdul Halim Khaddam
6369:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
6221:Abdul-Karim al-Jundi
6166:Fahd Jassem al-Freij
6036:Fawzi Mutlaq al-Rawi
5961:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
5814:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
5616:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
5587:Regional Secretaries
5284:Arab Ba'ath Movement
5127:(23 February 2001).
4935:(29 December 2010).
4165:Taylor & Francis
3893:Kessinger Publishing
3860:Taylor & Francis
3827:Taylor & Francis
3794:Taylor & Francis
3761:Taylor & Francis
3738:Taylor & Francis
3183:Jordan in Transition
3081:Jordan in Transition
2874:Alexander J. Motyl.
2708:(17 February 2012).
2652:(15 November 2007).
2553:(15 November 2007).
2525:(15 November 2007).
2285:Kessinger Publishing
2228:and during the 2011
2119:unified Ba'ath Party
1564:, the leader of the
1507:Islamic Action Front
1332:Muhammad Afifi Matar
416:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
319:Arab Ba'ath Movement
11965:Yemeni Labour Party
11822:Politics of Tunisia
11684:Popular Unity Party
11649:Green Tunisia Party
11236:Arab National Party
11135:Syrian Turkmen Bloc
11106:People's Will Party
10881:Sudanese Nile Party
10871:Sudan Liberal Party
10775:National Umma Party
10667:Politics portal
10183:Represented in the
9943:Politics of Lebanon
9454:Popular Action Bloc
9032:Sons of Mesopotamia
8983:Iraqi Turkmen Front
8802:Politics of Bahrain
8621:Politics of Algeria
8611:Politics portal
8465:El-Infitah Movement
8370:Voice of the People
8246:Sahrawi nationalism
7603:1959 Mosul uprising
7536:Great Syrian Revolt
7248:Other organizations
7190:Popular Unity Party
7040:Political alliances
6571:Wael Nader al-Halqi
6438:Heads of government
6281:Abdul Qadir Qaddura
6236:Abdul Halim Khaddam
6206:Mohammad al-Hussein
6191:Wael Nader al-Halqi
6031:Taha Yassin Ramadan
6021:Aziz Saleh Al-Numan
6011:Ali Hassan al-Majid
5996:Latif Nassif Jassim
5486:General Secretaries
5419:Corrective Movement
5341:1959 Mosul uprising
5156:(18 October 2006).
5133:Department of State
5031:(23 October 2009).
4980:Government of Yemen
4913:on 24 February 2013
4781:. 23 September 2011
4722:on 18 November 2006
4444:Europa Publications
3353:Lebanon and Arabism
3303:on 30 December 2013
2958:Infobase Publishing
2895:The Washington Post
2312:Ali, Tariq (2004).
2127:Tunisian Revolution
2034:Sudanese communists
1790:Another party, the
1768:strongly supported
1665:coup d'état of 1969
1449:Saddamist discourse
1046:Secretaries General
11692:Reform Front Party
11523:Democratic Current
11498:Unfilled seats (7)
11369:Syriac Union Party
11160:Syriac Union Party
10081:Union for Homeland
9532:Politics of Kuwait
9370:Politics of Jordan
9208:Progress Party (8)
8883:Islamic Dawa Party
8714:Opposition Parties
8251:Syrian nationalism
8231:Libyan nationalism
8191:Greater Mauritania
8107:The Arab Awakening
8090:United Arab States
8065:Rejectionist Front
7872:Gamal Abdel Nasser
7683:Yemeni unification
7673:Lebanese Civil War
7653:17 July Revolution
7623:Ramadan Revolution
7598:14 July Revolution
7140:Rejectionist Front
6536:Abdul Rauf al-Kasm
6511:Nureddin al-Atassi
6399:Nureddin al-Atassi
6231:Abdul Rauf al-Kasm
6136:Nureddin al-Atassi
6046:Ali Salih al-Sa'di
5946:Salih Mahdi Ammash
5916:Ghanim Abdul-Jalil
5869:Ali Salih al-Sa'di
5799:Nureddin al-Atassi
5733:Nureddin al-Atassi
5611:Ali Salih al-Sa'di
5563:Abdullah al-Ahmar
5553:Nureddin al-Atassi
5449:De-Ba'athification
5392:17 July Revolution
5346:Ramadan Revolution
5336:14 July Revolution
4716:Sudan Vision Daily
4583:. pp. 58–60.
4291:The New York Times
4129:Ashgate Publishing
4053:on 2 February 2016
3957:. Westport, Conn:
3926:Palgrave Macmillan
3673:Palgrave Macmillan
3350:Solh, Raghid El-.
3187:Palgrave Macmillan
3085:Palgrave Macmillan
2587:(16 August 2011).
2277:Metz, Helen Chapin
2214:Arabic Renaissance
2202:Al-Ehyaa Al-'Arabi
2135:حركة البعث التونسي
2097:Muslim Brotherhood
2075:. You can help by
2028:and was staunchly
1953:Rejectionist Front
1890:Palestinian branch
1800:حزب الطليعة الوطني
1725:Moktar Ould Daddah
1718:Sawab (Mauritania)
1622:Lebanese Civil War
1532:. You can help by
1396:de-Ba'athification
1385:In June 2003, the
1174:
1164:Branches by region
1057:Vacant (1989–1992)
893:1960–1962/63
521:De-Ba'athification
496:17 July Revolution
486:Ramadan Revolution
12097:Ba'athist parties
12069:
12068:
12061:Politics of Yemen
11830:
11829:
11780:Ettajdid Movement
11538:Long Live Tunisia
11528:Dignity Coalition
11472:People's Movement
11405:
11404:
11397:Politics of Syria
11241:Arab Ba'ath Party
10963:
10962:
10955:Politics of Sudan
10765:Liberal Democrats
10750:Binaa Sudan Party
10675:
10674:
10433:
10432:
10329:regional councils
10322:
10321:
10185:National Assembly
10135:
10134:
9951:
9950:
9934:
9933:
9792:March 14 Alliance
9705:National Assembly
9699:
9698:
9655:March 14 Alliance
9540:
9539:
9427:National Assembly
9378:
9377:
9295:Progressive Party
9134:
9133:
8907:Badr Organization
8810:
8809:
8629:
8628:
8520:Natural Law Party
8406:New Algeria Front
8282:
8281:
8211:Iraqi nationalism
7902:Constantin Zureiq
7752:Abdul Rahman Arif
7732:Butrus al-Bustani
7418:
7417:
7414:
7413:
7410:
7409:
7277:
7276:
7273:
7272:
7153:Political parties
7148:
7147:
7026:Socialist Lebanon
6898:
6897:
6894:
6893:
6890:
6889:
6785:
6784:
6631:Regional branches
6605:
6604:
6601:
6600:
6590:
6589:
6561:Riyad Farid Hijab
6526:Mahmoud al-Ayyubi
6433:
6432:
6419:
6346:
6345:
6296:Hikmat al-Shihabi
6111:Abdullah al-Ahmar
6076:Hardan al-Tikriti
6006:Adnan Khayr Allah
6001:Rashid Taan Kazim
5936:Salah Omar al-Ali
5779:Abdullah al-Ahmar
5752:
5751:
5582:
5581:
5568:
5466:
5465:
5462:
5461:
5099:(30 March 2011).
4905:(February 2013).
4697:978-1-84511-977-5
4561:978-0-313-38151-5
4528:978-0-521-27216-2
4429:978-0-87289-528-7
4266:. 18 January 1991
4211:978-0-87289-528-7
4142:978-0-7546-7418-4
4078:Los Angeles Times
3719:978-90-247-3247-0
3686:978-0-312-21593-4
3653:978-0-674-08105-5
3620:978-0-674-08105-5
3587:978-0-313-26649-2
3554:978-0-674-08105-5
3498:978-0-674-08105-5
3465:978-0-674-08105-5
3432:978-0-8014-9313-3
3367:Itamar Rabinovich
3200:978-0-312-29538-7
3098:978-0-312-29538-7
3013:978-0-292-70625-5
2971:978-0-8160-5764-1
2935:978-0-595-22888-1
2846:978-1-56432-038-4
2815:978-1-107-03123-4
2764:New Straits Times
2680:(28 March 2003).
2447:978-1-885942-40-1
2389:978-0-8108-4330-1
2360:978-0-8108-4330-1
2101:Islamist uprising
2093:
2092:
1932:
1931:
1903:Secretary-General
1808:
1550:
1549:
1376:Nebuchadnezzar II
1367:Iraqi nationalism
1288:existing monarchy
1282:. It opposed the
1264:Bahraini uprising
1080:National Congress
1043:
1042:
946:
945:
899:Socialist Lebanon
870:
869:
541:1966 coup d'états
360:
359:
229:. The Ba'athists
165:
164:
43:General Secretary
12234:
11991:
11986:
11985:
11984:
11869:
11868:
11857:
11850:
11843:
11834:
11833:
11631:Democratic Party
11518:Heart of Tunisia
11447:
11446:
11432:
11425:
11418:
11409:
11408:
11357:Assyrian parties
11005:
11004:
10990:
10983:
10976:
10967:
10966:
10785:Sudan Change Now
10717:
10716:
10702:
10695:
10688:
10679:
10678:
10665:
10664:
10637:
10629:
10621:
10613:
10600:
10592:
10584:
10576:
10568:
10555:
10535:
10526:
10511:
10502:
10460:
10453:
10446:
10437:
10436:
10313:State of Justice
10191:
10190:
10177:
10176:
10162:
10155:
10148:
10139:
10138:
10006:Democratic Party
9993:
9992:
9978:
9971:
9964:
9955:
9954:
9766:Dignity Movement
9715:March 8 Alliance
9711:
9710:
9599:March 8 Alliance
9595:
9594:
9579:
9578:
9567:
9560:
9553:
9544:
9543:
9460:Thawabit Al-Umma
9420:
9419:
9405:
9398:
9391:
9382:
9381:
9255:Al-Resalah Party
9223:Growth Party (1)
9176:
9175:
9161:
9154:
9147:
9138:
9137:
9128:Politics of Iraq
9000:Babylon Movement
8971:Victory Alliance
8947:Emtidad Movement
8912:Al-Sadiqoun Bloc
8852:
8851:
8837:
8830:
8823:
8814:
8813:
8671:
8670:
8656:
8649:
8642:
8633:
8632:
8609:
8608:
8324:
8323:
8309:
8302:
8295:
8286:
8285:
8272:
8271:
8145:Eagle of Saladin
7852:Amin al-Husseini
7817:Faisal I of Iraq
7787:Sultan al-Atrash
7782:Mansur al-Atrash
7757:Abdul Salam Arif
7566:War of Attrition
7452:Arab nationalism
7445:
7438:
7431:
7422:
7421:
7314:Arab nationalism
7304:Anti-imperialism
7294:
7293:
7283:
7282:
7064:March 8 Alliance
7044:
7043:
6976:
6975:Breakaway groups
6919:
6918:
6911:
6904:
6903:
6841:
6840:
6667:Regional Command
6637:
6636:
6632:
6626:
6625:
6618:
6611:
6610:
6541:Mahmoud Al-Zoubi
6488:
6448:
6442:
6441:
6415:
6386:
6361:
6355:
6354:
6291:Farouk al-Sharaa
6286:Hammouda Sabbagh
6176:Ibrahim al-Hadid
6156:Mahdi Dakhlallah
6141:Shibli al-Aysami
6103:
5951:Hussein Al-Awadi
5921:Saad Abdul-Majid
5898:
5892:
5891:
5839:Akram al-Hawrani
5809:Shibli al-Aysami
5804:Mansur al-Atrash
5766:
5765:National Command
5760:
5723:Shibli al-Aysami
5591:
5590:
5564:
5536:Salah Al-Mukhtar
5490:
5489:
5483:
5482:
5472:
5471:
5454:Syrian civil war
5361:Ar-Rashid revolt
5269:
5268:
5261:
5254:
5253:
5243:
5234:
5220:
5211:
5204:
5197:
5188:
5187:
5182:Official website
5170:
5169:
5167:
5165:
5150:
5144:
5143:
5141:
5139:
5121:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5110:
5093:
5087:
5086:
5084:
5082:
5065:
5059:
5058:
5056:
5054:
5045:. Archived from
5025:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5014:
4997:
4991:
4990:
4988:
4986:
4966:
4955:
4954:
4952:
4950:
4945:on 25 April 2012
4929:
4923:
4922:
4920:
4918:
4899:
4893:
4892:
4890:
4888:
4877:
4871:
4870:
4868:
4866:
4854:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4843:
4827:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4816:
4811:on 10 March 2012
4800:
4791:
4790:
4788:
4786:
4771:
4762:
4761:
4759:
4757:
4738:
4732:
4731:
4729:
4727:
4708:
4702:
4701:
4675:
4669:
4668:
4666:
4664:
4645:
4634:
4633:
4631:
4629:
4610:
4595:
4594:
4572:
4566:
4565:
4539:
4533:
4532:
4506:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4495:
4476:
4470:
4469:
4440:
4434:
4433:
4407:
4401:
4400:
4398:
4396:
4382:
4376:
4375:
4349:
4343:
4342:
4316:
4310:
4309:
4307:
4305:
4282:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4271:
4256:
4250:
4249:
4247:
4245:
4222:
4216:
4215:
4189:
4183:
4182:
4156:
4147:
4146:
4120:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4109:
4095:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4084:
4069:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4058:
4052:
4045:
4037:
4004:
4003:
3987:
3981:
3980:
3969:
3963:
3962:
3950:
3944:
3943:
3917:
3911:
3910:
3884:
3878:
3877:
3851:
3845:
3844:
3818:
3812:
3811:
3785:
3779:
3778:
3752:
3746:
3745:
3740:. 1976. p.
3730:
3724:
3723:
3697:
3691:
3690:
3664:
3658:
3657:
3631:
3625:
3624:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3565:
3559:
3558:
3532:
3526:
3525:
3509:
3503:
3502:
3476:
3470:
3469:
3443:
3437:
3436:
3410:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3382:
3376:
3363:
3357:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3332:on 25 April 2012
3319:
3313:
3312:
3310:
3308:
3289:
3280:
3279:
3271:
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3211:
3205:
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3169:
3168:
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3109:
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3064:
3062:
3043:
3018:
3017:
2991:
2976:
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2949:
2940:
2939:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2885:
2879:
2872:
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2857:
2851:
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2826:
2820:
2819:
2799:
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2792:
2782:
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2771:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2730:
2724:
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2719:
2702:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2674:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2618:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2581:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2547:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2491:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2465:
2452:
2451:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2342:
2336:
2335:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2273:
2211:
2196:
2169:Syrian Civil War
2136:
2125:. Following the
2088:
2085:
2067:
2060:
2018:1991 Gulf crisis
1968:invasion of Iraq
1927:alfpalestine.org
1887:
1886:
1824:Arab nationalist
1813:
1803:
1801:
1693:Arab-nationalist
1618:Southern Lebanon
1595:
1589:
1545:
1542:
1524:
1517:
1470:
1311:
1241:
1235:
1194:
1122:and others, the
1073:Salah Al-Mukhtar
1035:
1028:
1021:
1007:
1005:Socialism portal
1000:
962:Arab nationalism
942:
929:
916:
885:
884:
584:
583:
566:Syrian civil war
356:
305:
304:
292:
269:
268:
251:invasion of Iraq
198:of the original
178:
161:
114:Arab nationalism
103:
96:
83:
69:
47:Salah Al-Mukhtar
28:
27:
12242:
12241:
12237:
12236:
12235:
12233:
12232:
12231:
12072:
12071:
12070:
12065:
12051:Portal:Politics
12042:
11994:
11987:
11982:
11980:
11974:
11900:Arab Hope Party
11895:Al-Rashad Union
11873:
11863:
11861:
11831:
11826:
11812:Politics Portal
11803:
11756:Communist Party
11738:Young Tunisians
11726:
11702:Socialist Party
11578:Current of Love
11543:Machrouu Tounes
11501:
11490:Tunisia Forward
11457:
11456:Representatives
11455:
11454:Assembly of the
11448:
11441:
11436:
11406:
11401:
11387:Portal:Politics
11378:
11352:
11311:Kurdish parties
11306:
11285:
11204:Defunct parties
11199:
11111:
11092:
11006:
10999:
10994:
10964:
10959:
10945:Portal:Politics
10936:
10900:
10896:Workers' Forces
10814:
10738:Region of Sudan
10718:
10711:
10706:
10676:
10671:
10659:
10641:
10635:
10627:
10619:
10611:
10598:
10590:
10582:
10574:
10566:
10553:
10540:
10533:
10524:
10509:
10500:
10478:
10476:
10469:
10464:
10434:
10429:
10415:Portal:Politics
10406:
10366:
10327:Represented in
10318:
10287:Hope Mauritania
10269:
10214:
10178:
10171:
10166:
10136:
10131:
10085:
9994:
9987:
9982:
9952:
9947:
9930:
9901:
9839:
9836:Independent (3)
9807:Future Movement
9801:Lebanese Forces
9786:
9783:Independent (5)
9748:Marada Movement
9695:
9681:
9670:Lebanese Forces
9664:Future Movement
9649:
9632:Marada Movement
9583:
9573:
9571:
9541:
9536:
9522:Portal:Politics
9513:
9482:
9421:
9414:
9409:
9379:
9374:
9360:Portal:Politics
9351:
9335:
9304:
9238:
9235:Youth Party (1)
9177:
9170:
9165:
9135:
9130:
9121:
9080:
9064:
9038:
8988:
8965:Tasmim Alliance
8959:Ishraqat Kanoon
8935:
8853:
8846:
8841:
8811:
8806:
8792:Portal:Politics
8783:
8747:
8708:
8704:Economists Bloc
8672:
8665:
8660:
8630:
8625:
8603:
8595:
8564:
8423:
8325:
8318:
8313:
8283:
8278:
8260:
8196:Greater Morocco
8169:
8165:Pan-Arab colors
8160:Hawk of Quraish
8126:
8094:
7945:Arab Federation
7906:
7892:Abdullah Rimawi
7867:Mostéfa Merarda
7822:Muammar Gaddafi
7802:Ahmed Ben Bella
7777:Jamal al-Atassi
7767:Bashar al-Assad
7718:
7687:
7668:Black September
7546:Anglo-Iraqi War
7490:
7454:
7449:
7419:
7406:
7402:Pan-Arab colors
7396:Arḍ ul-Furātayn
7383:
7358:
7288:
7269:
7243:
7144:
7088:
7035:
6994:Damascus branch
6974:
6968:
6939:Free Iraqi Army
6929:Al-Abud Network
6913:
6909:
6886:
6870:
6856:Fedayeen Saddam
6851:Ba'ath Brigades
6832:
6811:
6802:Sawt al-Jamahir
6781:
6760:Central Command
6713:
6630:
6620:
6616:
6597:
6586:
6486:
6480:
6446:
6429:
6424:Bashar al-Assad
6404:Ahmad al-Khatib
6384:
6378:
6359:
6342:
6330:
6301:Hammud al-Shufi
6266:Zuhair Masharqa
6261:Ibrahim Makhous
6246:Ahmad al-Khatib
6211:Hisham Ikhtiyar
6131:Rifaat al-Assad
6121:Bashar al-Assad
6101:
6095:
6061:Talib El-Shibib
5976:Saadoun Ghaidan
5896:
5883:
5879:Khaled Yashruti
5874:Talib El-Shibib
5864:Abdullah Rimawi
5829:Wahib al-Ghanim
5789:Bashar al-Assad
5764:
5758:
5748:
5743:Bashar al-Assad
5718:Hammud al-Shufi
5706:
5684:
5663:
5648:Abdullah Rimawi
5636:
5606:Talib El-Shibib
5578:
5573:Bashar al-Assad
5541:
5509:
5477:
5458:
5380:
5319:
5298:
5263:
5259:
5248:
5241:
5232:
5222:
5218:
5215:
5178:
5173:
5163:
5161:
5160:. Almotamar.net
5151:
5147:
5137:
5135:
5122:
5118:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5094:
5090:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5066:
5062:
5052:
5050:
5049:on 2 April 2012
5043:Arab parliament
5035:
5026:
5022:
5012:
5010:
4998:
4994:
4984:
4982:
4976:
4967:
4958:
4948:
4946:
4939:
4930:
4926:
4916:
4914:
4900:
4896:
4886:
4884:
4879:
4878:
4874:
4864:
4862:
4861:. AllAfrica.com
4855:
4851:
4841:
4839:
4838:on 9 March 2012
4828:
4824:
4814:
4812:
4801:
4794:
4784:
4782:
4773:
4772:
4765:
4755:
4753:
4740:
4739:
4735:
4725:
4723:
4710:
4709:
4705:
4698:
4676:
4672:
4662:
4660:
4647:
4646:
4637:
4627:
4625:
4624:on 11 July 2013
4612:
4611:
4598:
4591:
4573:
4569:
4562:
4540:
4536:
4529:
4507:
4503:
4493:
4491:
4478:
4477:
4473:
4466:
4441:
4437:
4430:
4408:
4404:
4394:
4392:
4390:edition.cnn.com
4384:
4383:
4379:
4372:
4350:
4346:
4339:
4317:
4313:
4303:
4301:
4283:
4279:
4269:
4267:
4258:
4257:
4253:
4243:
4241:
4231:Washington Post
4223:
4219:
4212:
4190:
4186:
4179:
4157:
4150:
4143:
4121:
4117:
4107:
4105:
4097:
4096:
4092:
4082:
4080:
4070:
4066:
4056:
4054:
4050:
4043:
4039:
4038:
4007:
3994:. Vol. 8.
3988:
3984:
3973:The Middle East
3971:
3970:
3966:
3959:Greenwood Press
3951:
3947:
3940:
3918:
3914:
3907:
3885:
3881:
3874:
3852:
3848:
3841:
3819:
3815:
3808:
3786:
3782:
3775:
3753:
3749:
3732:
3731:
3727:
3720:
3698:
3694:
3687:
3665:
3661:
3654:
3632:
3628:
3621:
3599:
3595:
3588:
3574:Greenwood Press
3566:
3562:
3555:
3533:
3529:
3516:. Vol. 2.
3510:
3506:
3499:
3477:
3473:
3466:
3444:
3440:
3433:
3411:
3407:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3383:
3379:
3364:
3360:
3349:
3345:
3335:
3333:
3326:
3320:
3316:
3306:
3304:
3291:
3290:
3283:
3272:
3268:
3258:
3256:
3255:on 13 June 2012
3243:
3242:
3238:
3228:
3226:
3213:
3212:
3208:
3201:
3176:
3172:
3165:
3151:Lexington Books
3143:
3139:
3132:
3110:
3106:
3099:
3074:
3070:
3060:
3058:
3057:on 15 June 2013
3045:
3044:
3021:
3014:
2992:
2979:
2972:
2950:
2943:
2936:
2914:
2910:
2900:
2898:
2886:
2882:
2873:
2866:
2858:
2854:
2847:
2827:
2823:
2816:
2800:
2796:
2783:
2779:
2769:
2767:
2766:. 15 April 1991
2758:
2757:
2753:
2743:
2741:
2732:
2731:
2727:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2703:
2699:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2675:
2671:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2647:
2643:
2633:
2631:
2620:
2619:
2612:
2602:
2600:
2591:
2582:
2578:
2568:
2566:
2557:
2548:
2544:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2520:
2516:
2506:
2504:
2492:
2485:
2475:
2473:
2472:. alarabiya.net
2466:
2455:
2448:
2430:
2426:
2419:
2401:
2397:
2390:
2372:
2368:
2361:
2343:
2339:
2332:
2310:
2306:
2299:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2187:
2181:
2158:Muammar Gaddafi
2115:
2109:
2089:
2083:
2080:
2073:needs expansion
2058:
2009:
2003:
1979:Munif al-Razzaz
1944:Palestinianists
1916:Sawt al-Jamahir
1885:
1879:
1720:
1712:Main articles:
1710:
1673:Muammar Gaddafi
1661:
1655:
1608:candidate from
1580:
1574:
1562:Saleh al-Mutlaq
1556:because of the
1546:
1540:
1537:
1530:needs expansion
1515:
1426:Munif al-Razzaz
1418:
1412:
1369:and encouraged
1362:
1356:
1340:
1320:Bashar al-Assad
1302:
1296:
1226:
1220:
1185:
1179:
1166:
1120:Munif al-Razzaz
1104:
1082:
1048:
1039:
1010:
1003:
998:Politics portal
996:
988:
987:
986:
956:
948:
947:
940:
927:
914:
903:1965–1970
882:
880:Splinter groups
872:
871:
866:
845:
824:
803:
782:
761:
740:
724:
703:
687:
666:
645:
624:
603:
581:
571:
570:
530:
484:
475:
467:
466:
463:
445:
437:
436:
435:
426:Bashar al-Assad
396:Wahib al-Ghanim
391:Abdullah Rimawi
370:
362:
361:
354:
343:1968–2003
333:1947–1966
323:1940–1947
313:1940–1947
302:
267:
145:Pan-Arab colors
120:
116:
101:
97:
94:
81:
67:
61:Split from
38:
37:
34:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
12240:
12230:
12229:
12224:
12219:
12214:
12209:
12204:
12199:
12194:
12189:
12184:
12179:
12174:
12169:
12164:
12159:
12154:
12149:
12144:
12139:
12134:
12129:
12124:
12119:
12114:
12109:
12104:
12099:
12094:
12089:
12084:
12067:
12066:
12064:
12063:
12058:
12053:
12047:
12044:
12043:
12041:
12040:
12035:
12030:
12025:
12024:
12023:
12018:
12008:
12002:
12000:
11996:
11995:
11993:
11992:
11977:
11975:
11973:
11972:
11967:
11962:
11957:
11952:
11947:
11945:Party of Truth
11942:
11937:
11932:
11927:
11922:
11920:Hizb ut-Tahrir
11917:
11912:
11907:
11902:
11897:
11892:
11887:
11881:
11879:
11875:
11874:
11860:
11859:
11852:
11845:
11837:
11828:
11827:
11825:
11824:
11819:
11814:
11808:
11805:
11804:
11802:
11801:
11795:
11789:
11786:Al-Watan Party
11783:
11777:
11771:
11765:
11759:
11753:
11747:
11741:
11734:
11732:
11728:
11727:
11725:
11724:
11719:
11714:
11709:
11704:
11699:
11694:
11689:
11688:Rad Al Iitibar
11686:
11681:
11676:
11671:
11666:
11664:Movement Party
11661:
11656:
11651:
11646:
11641:
11636:
11633:
11628:
11623:
11618:
11613:
11610:
11595:
11590:
11585:
11580:
11575:
11570:
11565:
11560:
11555:
11550:
11545:
11540:
11535:
11530:
11525:
11520:
11515:
11509:
11507:
11503:
11502:
11500:
11499:
11496:
11493:
11487:
11481:
11475:
11469:
11462:
11460:
11450:
11449:
11435:
11434:
11427:
11420:
11412:
11403:
11402:
11400:
11399:
11394:
11389:
11383:
11380:
11379:
11377:
11376:
11371:
11366:
11360:
11358:
11354:
11353:
11351:
11350:
11345:
11340:
11335:
11330:
11325:
11320:
11314:
11312:
11308:
11307:
11305:
11304:
11299:
11297:Hizb ut-Tahrir
11293:
11291:
11287:
11286:
11284:
11283:
11278:
11273:
11268:
11263:
11258:
11253:
11248:
11243:
11238:
11233:
11228:
11226:People's Party
11223:
11221:National Union
11218:
11216:National Party
11213:
11207:
11205:
11201:
11200:
11198:
11197:
11192:
11187:
11182:
11177:
11172:
11167:
11162:
11157:
11152:
11147:
11142:
11137:
11132:
11127:
11121:
11119:
11113:
11112:
11110:
11109:
11102:
11100:
11094:
11093:
11091:
11090:
11084:
11078:
11072:
11066:
11060:
11054:
11048:
11042:
11036:
11030:
11029:
11028:
11016:
11014:
11008:
11007:
10993:
10992:
10985:
10978:
10970:
10961:
10960:
10958:
10957:
10952:
10947:
10941:
10938:
10937:
10935:
10934:
10929:
10924:
10919:
10914:
10908:
10906:
10902:
10901:
10899:
10898:
10893:
10888:
10883:
10878:
10873:
10868:
10863:
10858:
10853:
10848:
10843:
10838:
10833:
10828:
10822:
10820:
10816:
10815:
10813:
10812:
10807:
10802:
10797:
10792:
10787:
10782:
10777:
10772:
10767:
10762:
10757:
10752:
10747:
10742:
10741:
10740:
10735:
10726:
10724:
10720:
10719:
10705:
10704:
10697:
10690:
10682:
10673:
10672:
10670:
10669:
10657:
10652:
10646:
10643:
10642:
10640:
10639:
10631:
10623:
10615:
10607:
10602:
10594:
10586:
10578:
10570:
10562:
10557:
10548:
10546:
10542:
10541:
10539:
10538:
10529:
10520:
10514:
10505:
10496:
10490:
10483:
10481:
10471:
10470:
10463:
10462:
10455:
10448:
10440:
10431:
10430:
10428:
10427:
10422:
10417:
10411:
10408:
10407:
10405:
10404:
10399:
10394:
10389:
10384:
10377:
10375:
10368:
10367:
10365:
10364:
10359:
10354:
10349:
10344:
10339:
10333:
10331:
10324:
10323:
10320:
10319:
10317:
10316:
10310:
10304:
10290:
10284:
10277:
10275:
10271:
10270:
10268:
10267:
10261:
10255:
10249:
10243:
10237:
10231:
10224:
10222:
10216:
10215:
10213:
10212:
10206:
10199:
10197:
10188:
10180:
10179:
10165:
10164:
10157:
10150:
10142:
10133:
10132:
10130:
10129:
10124:
10119:
10114:
10109:
10104:
10099:
10093:
10091:
10087:
10086:
10084:
10083:
10078:
10073:
10068:
10063:
10058:
10053:
10048:
10043:
10038:
10033:
10028:
10023:
10018:
10016:Homeland Party
10013:
10011:Ensaf Movement
10008:
10002:
10000:
9996:
9995:
9981:
9980:
9973:
9966:
9958:
9949:
9948:
9946:
9945:
9939:
9936:
9935:
9932:
9931:
9929:
9928:
9922:
9916:
9909:
9907:
9903:
9902:
9900:
9899:
9893:
9887:
9881:
9875:
9872:Tahalof Watani
9869:
9866:Beirut Tuqawem
9863:
9857:
9850:
9848:
9841:
9840:
9838:
9837:
9834:
9828:
9822:
9816:
9810:
9804:
9797:
9795:
9788:
9787:
9785:
9784:
9781:
9775:
9769:
9763:
9757:
9751:
9745:
9739:
9733:
9727:
9720:
9718:
9708:
9701:
9700:
9697:
9696:
9694:
9693:
9692:PM's share (5)
9689:
9687:
9683:
9682:
9680:
9679:
9673:
9667:
9660:
9658:
9651:
9650:
9648:
9647:
9641:
9635:
9629:
9623:
9617:
9611:
9604:
9602:
9592:
9585:
9584:
9570:
9569:
9562:
9555:
9547:
9538:
9537:
9535:
9534:
9529:
9524:
9518:
9515:
9514:
9512:
9511:
9506:
9501:
9496:
9490:
9488:
9484:
9483:
9481:
9480:
9475:
9469:
9463:
9457:
9451:
9445:
9439:
9432:
9430:
9423:
9422:
9408:
9407:
9400:
9393:
9385:
9376:
9375:
9373:
9372:
9367:
9362:
9356:
9353:
9352:
9350:
9349:
9347:Hizb ut-Tahrir
9343:
9341:
9337:
9336:
9334:
9333:
9328:
9323:
9318:
9312:
9310:
9306:
9305:
9303:
9302:
9297:
9292:
9287:
9282:
9280:Civil Alliance
9277:
9272:
9267:
9262:
9257:
9252:
9246:
9244:
9240:
9239:
9237:
9236:
9233:
9227:
9224:
9221:
9218:
9215:
9212:
9209:
9206:
9200:
9194:
9187:
9185:
9179:
9178:
9164:
9163:
9156:
9149:
9141:
9132:
9131:
9126:
9123:
9122:
9120:
9119:
9118:
9117:
9112:
9107:
9102:
9094:
9092:Hizb ut-Tahrir
9088:
9086:
9082:
9081:
9079:
9078:
9072:
9070:
9066:
9065:
9063:
9062:
9059:
9053:
9046:
9044:
9040:
9039:
9037:
9036:
9035:
9034:
9029:
9024:
9019:
9014:
9006:Athra Alliance
9003:
8996:
8994:
8990:
8989:
8987:
8986:
8980:
8974:
8968:
8962:
8956:
8950:
8943:
8941:
8937:
8936:
8934:
8933:
8927:
8921:
8920:
8919:
8914:
8909:
8901:Fatah Alliance
8898:
8892:
8891:
8890:
8885:
8874:
8871:Progress Party
8868:
8861:
8859:
8855:
8854:
8840:
8839:
8832:
8825:
8817:
8808:
8807:
8805:
8804:
8799:
8794:
8788:
8785:
8784:
8782:
8781:
8776:
8771:
8766:
8761:
8755:
8753:
8752:Banned Parties
8749:
8748:
8746:
8745:
8742:
8739:
8734:
8729:
8724:
8718:
8716:
8710:
8709:
8707:
8706:
8701:
8696:
8691:
8686:
8680:
8678:
8674:
8673:
8659:
8658:
8651:
8644:
8636:
8627:
8626:
8624:
8623:
8618:
8613:
8600:
8597:
8596:
8594:
8593:
8588:
8583:
8578:
8576:Hizb ut-Tahrir
8572:
8570:
8566:
8565:
8563:
8562:
8560:Workers' Party
8557:
8552:
8547:
8542:
8537:
8532:
8527:
8522:
8517:
8512:
8507:
8502:
8497:
8492:
8487:
8482:
8477:
8472:
8467:
8462:
8457:
8452:
8450:Algerian Rally
8447:
8442:
8437:
8431:
8429:
8425:
8424:
8422:
8421:
8415:
8409:
8403:
8397:
8391:
8385:
8379:
8373:
8367:
8361:
8355:
8349:
8343:
8336:
8334:
8327:
8326:
8312:
8311:
8304:
8297:
8289:
8280:
8279:
8277:
8276:
8265:
8262:
8261:
8259:
8258:
8253:
8248:
8243:
8238:
8233:
8228:
8223:
8218:
8213:
8208:
8203:
8198:
8193:
8188:
8183:
8177:
8175:
8174:Related topics
8171:
8170:
8168:
8167:
8162:
8157:
8152:
8147:
8142:
8136:
8134:
8128:
8127:
8125:
8124:
8117:
8110:
8102:
8100:
8096:
8095:
8093:
8092:
8087:
8082:
8077:
8072:
8067:
8062:
8057:
8052:
8047:
8042:
8040:Islamic Legion
8037:
8032:
8027:
8022:
8017:
8012:
8007:
8002:
7997:
7992:
7987:
7982:
7977:
7972:
7967:
7962:
7957:
7952:
7947:
7942:
7937:
7932:
7930:Al-Mourabitoun
7927:
7922:
7916:
7914:
7908:
7907:
7905:
7904:
7899:
7897:Hamdeen Sabahi
7894:
7889:
7887:Fuad al-Rikabi
7884:
7879:
7877:Adnan Pachachi
7874:
7869:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7849:
7847:Saddam Hussein
7844:
7839:
7837:Sati' al-Husri
7834:
7829:
7824:
7819:
7814:
7809:
7804:
7799:
7794:
7789:
7784:
7779:
7774:
7772:Hafez al-Assad
7769:
7764:
7762:Zaki al-Arsuzi
7759:
7754:
7749:
7744:
7739:
7734:
7728:
7726:
7720:
7719:
7717:
7716:
7711:
7706:
7701:
7695:
7693:
7689:
7688:
7686:
7685:
7680:
7675:
7670:
7665:
7660:
7655:
7650:
7645:
7643:Aden Emergency
7640:
7635:
7630:
7625:
7620:
7615:
7610:
7605:
7600:
7595:
7590:
7588:Iraqi Intifada
7585:
7580:
7579:
7578:
7573:
7571:Yom Kippur War
7568:
7563:
7558:
7548:
7543:
7538:
7533:
7532:
7531:
7521:
7516:
7515:
7514:
7504:
7498:
7496:
7492:
7491:
7489:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7473:
7468:
7466:Arab socialism
7462:
7460:
7456:
7455:
7448:
7447:
7440:
7433:
7425:
7416:
7415:
7412:
7411:
7408:
7407:
7405:
7404:
7399:
7391:
7389:
7385:
7384:
7382:
7381:
7374:
7366:
7364:
7360:
7359:
7357:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7321:
7319:Arab socialism
7316:
7311:
7306:
7300:
7298:
7290:
7289:
7279:
7278:
7275:
7274:
7271:
7270:
7268:
7267:
7262:
7257:
7251:
7249:
7245:
7244:
7242:
7241:
7240:
7239:
7229:
7228:
7227:
7222:
7212:
7207:
7202:
7197:
7192:
7187:
7182:
7177:
7172:
7167:
7162:
7156:
7154:
7150:
7149:
7146:
7145:
7143:
7142:
7137:
7132:
7127:
7122:
7117:
7112:
7107:
7102:
7096:
7094:
7090:
7089:
7087:
7086:
7081:
7076:
7071:
7066:
7061:
7056:
7050:
7048:
7041:
7037:
7036:
7034:
7033:
7028:
7023:
7018:
7013:
7008:
7003:
6998:
6997:
6996:
6986:
6980:
6978:
6970:
6969:
6967:
6966:
6961:
6956:
6951:
6949:Jeish Muhammad
6946:
6941:
6936:
6931:
6925:
6923:
6915:
6914:
6900:
6899:
6896:
6895:
6892:
6891:
6888:
6887:
6885:
6884:
6878:
6876:
6872:
6871:
6869:
6868:
6863:
6858:
6853:
6847:
6845:
6838:
6834:
6833:
6831:
6830:
6825:
6819:
6817:
6816:Popular fronts
6813:
6812:
6810:
6809:
6804:
6799:
6793:
6791:
6787:
6786:
6783:
6782:
6780:
6779:
6774:
6773:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6737:
6732:
6727:
6721:
6719:
6715:
6714:
6712:
6711:
6706:
6701:
6696:
6691:
6686:
6681:
6676:
6671:
6670:
6669:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6643:
6641:
6634:
6622:
6621:
6607:
6606:
6603:
6602:
6599:
6598:
6595:
6592:
6591:
6588:
6587:
6585:
6584:
6581:Hussein Arnous
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6516:Hafez al-Assad
6513:
6508:
6503:
6498:
6492:
6490:
6482:
6481:
6479:
6478:
6473:
6468:
6466:Sa'dun Hammadi
6463:
6461:Saddam Hussein
6458:
6452:
6450:
6439:
6435:
6434:
6431:
6430:
6428:
6427:
6421:
6411:
6409:Hafez al-Assad
6406:
6401:
6396:
6390:
6388:
6380:
6379:
6377:
6376:
6374:Saddam Hussein
6371:
6365:
6363:
6352:
6351:Heads of state
6348:
6347:
6344:
6343:
6338:
6336:
6332:
6331:
6329:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6316:Muhammad Umran
6313:
6311:Hasan Turkmani
6308:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6126:Hafez al-Assad
6123:
6118:
6116:Hussein Arnous
6113:
6107:
6105:
6097:
6096:
6094:
6093:
6088:
6083:
6078:
6073:
6068:
6063:
6058:
6053:
6048:
6043:
6041:Fuad al-Rikabi
6038:
6033:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6003:
5998:
5993:
5991:Saddam Hussein
5988:
5983:
5981:Sa'dun Hammadi
5978:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5902:
5900:
5889:
5885:
5884:
5882:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5859:Fuad al-Rikabi
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5794:Hafez al-Assad
5791:
5786:
5784:Zaki al-Arsuzi
5781:
5776:
5770:
5768:
5754:
5753:
5750:
5749:
5747:
5746:
5740:
5738:Hafez al-Assad
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5714:
5712:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5704:
5698:
5692:
5690:
5686:
5685:
5683:
5682:
5677:
5671:
5669:
5665:
5664:
5662:
5661:
5658:Akram al-Homsi
5655:
5650:
5644:
5642:
5638:
5637:
5635:
5634:
5628:
5623:
5621:Saddam Hussein
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5601:Fuad al-Rikabi
5597:
5595:
5588:
5584:
5583:
5580:
5579:
5577:
5576:
5570:
5560:
5558:Hafez al-Assad
5555:
5549:
5547:
5543:
5542:
5540:
5539:
5533:
5528:
5526:Saddam Hussein
5523:
5517:
5515:
5511:
5510:
5508:
5507:
5502:
5496:
5494:
5487:
5479:
5478:
5468:
5467:
5464:
5463:
5460:
5459:
5457:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5444:Iraqi conflict
5441:
5439:Faith Campaign
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5410:
5409:
5399:
5397:Ba'athist Iraq
5394:
5388:
5386:
5382:
5381:
5379:
5378:
5373:
5371:1964 Hama riot
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5327:
5325:
5321:
5320:
5318:
5317:
5312:
5306:
5304:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5275:
5273:
5265:
5264:
5250:
5249:
5247:
5246:
5237:
5227:
5224:
5223:
5214:
5213:
5206:
5199:
5191:
5185:
5184:
5177:
5176:External links
5174:
5172:
5171:
5145:
5116:
5088:
5071:(9 May 2011).
5060:
5020:
5007:Yemen Observer
4992:
4956:
4924:
4894:
4872:
4849:
4822:
4792:
4763:
4733:
4703:
4696:
4670:
4659:on 18 May 2013
4635:
4596:
4589:
4567:
4560:
4534:
4527:
4501:
4490:on 16 May 2012
4471:
4464:
4435:
4428:
4402:
4377:
4370:
4344:
4337:
4311:
4277:
4251:
4217:
4210:
4184:
4177:
4148:
4141:
4115:
4090:
4064:
4005:
3982:
3964:
3945:
3938:
3912:
3905:
3879:
3872:
3846:
3839:
3813:
3806:
3780:
3773:
3747:
3725:
3718:
3692:
3685:
3659:
3652:
3626:
3619:
3593:
3586:
3560:
3553:
3527:
3504:
3497:
3471:
3464:
3438:
3431:
3405:
3377:
3358:
3343:
3314:
3281:
3266:
3236:
3206:
3199:
3170:
3163:
3137:
3130:
3104:
3097:
3068:
3019:
3012:
2977:
2970:
2941:
2934:
2908:
2880:
2864:
2852:
2845:
2821:
2814:
2794:
2777:
2751:
2725:
2697:
2669:
2641:
2610:
2576:
2542:
2514:
2483:
2453:
2446:
2424:
2417:
2395:
2388:
2366:
2359:
2337:
2330:
2304:
2297:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2210:الإحياء العربي
2183:Main article:
2180:
2177:
2154:Saddam Hussein
2111:Main article:
2108:
2105:
2091:
2090:
2070:
2068:
2057:
2054:
2022:Ba'athist Iraq
2005:Main article:
2002:
1999:
1972:Iraqi military
1930:
1929:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1912:
1908:
1907:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1878:
1875:
1770:Saddam Hussein
1762:Saddam Hussein
1756:and his rule.
1737:Haratin people
1733:July 1978 coup
1709:
1706:
1663:Following the
1657:Main article:
1654:
1651:
1639:Walid Jumblatt
1576:Main article:
1573:
1570:
1548:
1547:
1527:
1525:
1514:
1511:
1480:1997 elections
1414:Main article:
1411:
1408:
1391:public schools
1358:Main article:
1355:
1352:
1339:
1336:
1298:Main article:
1295:
1292:
1254:, but not the
1248:Ba'athist Iraq
1222:Main article:
1219:
1216:
1181:Main article:
1178:
1175:
1165:
1162:
1149:Saddam Hussein
1106:Following the
1103:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1075:(2020–present)
1070:
1064:
1061:Saddam Hussein
1058:
1055:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1037:
1030:
1023:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1008:
1001:
993:
990:
989:
985:
984:
979:
974:
969:
967:Arab socialism
964:
958:
957:
955:Related topics
954:
953:
950:
949:
944:
943:
937:
931:
930:
924:
918:
917:
911:
905:
904:
901:
895:
894:
891:
883:
878:
877:
874:
873:
868:
867:
865:
864:
859:
853:
851:
847:
846:
844:
843:
838:
832:
830:
826:
825:
823:
822:
817:
811:
809:
805:
804:
802:
801:
796:
790:
788:
784:
783:
781:
780:
775:
769:
767:
763:
762:
760:
759:
754:
748:
746:
742:
741:
739:
738:
732:
730:
726:
725:
723:
722:
717:
711:
709:
705:
704:
702:
701:
695:
693:
689:
688:
686:
685:
680:
674:
672:
668:
667:
665:
664:
659:
653:
651:
647:
646:
644:
643:
638:
632:
630:
626:
625:
623:
622:
617:
611:
609:
605:
604:
602:
601:
596:
590:
588:
582:
577:
576:
573:
572:
569:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
534:
527:Baathist Syria
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
481:Ba'athist Iraq
476:
473:
472:
469:
468:
465:
464:
459:
457:
452:
446:
443:
442:
439:
438:
434:
433:
428:
423:
421:Saddam Hussein
418:
413:
411:Hafez al-Assad
408:
403:
401:Fuad al-Rikabi
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
376:Zaki al-Arsuzi
372:
371:
368:
367:
364:
363:
358:
357:
351:
345:
344:
341:
335:
334:
331:
325:
324:
321:
315:
314:
311:
303:
298:
297:
294:
293:
285:
284:
278:
277:
266:
263:
249:following the
239:Saddam Hussein
163:
162:
154:
153:
149:
148:
141:
137:
136:
131:
125:
124:
111:
105:
104:
102:(2006–present)
89:
85:
84:
75:
71:
70:
62:
58:
57:
54:
50:
49:
44:
40:
39:
35:
32:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
12239:
12228:
12225:
12223:
12220:
12218:
12215:
12213:
12210:
12208:
12205:
12203:
12200:
12198:
12195:
12193:
12190:
12188:
12185:
12183:
12180:
12178:
12175:
12173:
12170:
12168:
12165:
12163:
12160:
12158:
12155:
12153:
12150:
12148:
12145:
12143:
12140:
12138:
12135:
12133:
12130:
12128:
12125:
12123:
12120:
12118:
12115:
12113:
12110:
12108:
12105:
12103:
12100:
12098:
12095:
12093:
12090:
12088:
12085:
12083:
12080:
12079:
12077:
12062:
12059:
12057:
12054:
12052:
12049:
12048:
12045:
12039:
12036:
12034:
12031:
12029:
12026:
12022:
12019:
12017:
12014:
12013:
12012:
12009:
12007:
12004:
12003:
12001:
11997:
11990:
11979:
11971:
11968:
11966:
11963:
11961:
11958:
11956:
11953:
11951:
11948:
11946:
11943:
11941:
11938:
11936:
11933:
11931:
11928:
11926:
11923:
11921:
11918:
11916:
11913:
11911:
11908:
11906:
11903:
11901:
11898:
11896:
11893:
11891:
11888:
11886:
11883:
11882:
11880:
11876:
11872:
11867:
11858:
11853:
11851:
11846:
11844:
11839:
11838:
11835:
11823:
11820:
11818:
11815:
11813:
11810:
11809:
11806:
11799:
11796:
11793:
11790:
11787:
11784:
11781:
11778:
11775:
11772:
11769:
11766:
11763:
11760:
11757:
11754:
11751:
11748:
11745:
11742:
11739:
11736:
11735:
11733:
11729:
11723:
11722:Wafa Movement
11720:
11718:
11715:
11713:
11710:
11708:
11705:
11703:
11700:
11698:
11695:
11693:
11690:
11687:
11685:
11682:
11680:
11677:
11675:
11672:
11670:
11667:
11665:
11662:
11660:
11657:
11655:
11652:
11650:
11647:
11645:
11642:
11640:
11637:
11634:
11632:
11629:
11627:
11624:
11622:
11619:
11617:
11614:
11611:
11608:
11604:
11600:
11596:
11594:
11593:Popular Front
11591:
11589:
11586:
11584:
11581:
11579:
11576:
11574:
11571:
11569:
11566:
11564:
11561:
11559:
11556:
11554:
11551:
11549:
11546:
11544:
11541:
11539:
11536:
11534:
11531:
11529:
11526:
11524:
11521:
11519:
11516:
11514:
11511:
11510:
11508:
11506:Unrepresented
11504:
11497:
11494:
11491:
11488:
11485:
11482:
11479:
11476:
11473:
11470:
11467:
11464:
11463:
11461:
11459:
11458:of the People
11451:
11445:
11440:
11433:
11428:
11426:
11421:
11419:
11414:
11413:
11410:
11398:
11395:
11393:
11390:
11388:
11385:
11384:
11381:
11375:
11372:
11370:
11367:
11365:
11362:
11361:
11359:
11355:
11349:
11346:
11344:
11341:
11339:
11336:
11334:
11331:
11329:
11326:
11324:
11321:
11319:
11316:
11315:
11313:
11309:
11303:
11300:
11298:
11295:
11294:
11292:
11288:
11282:
11279:
11277:
11274:
11272:
11269:
11267:
11264:
11262:
11259:
11257:
11254:
11252:
11249:
11247:
11244:
11242:
11239:
11237:
11234:
11232:
11229:
11227:
11224:
11222:
11219:
11217:
11214:
11212:
11211:National Bloc
11209:
11208:
11206:
11202:
11196:
11193:
11191:
11188:
11186:
11183:
11181:
11178:
11176:
11173:
11171:
11168:
11166:
11163:
11161:
11158:
11156:
11153:
11151:
11148:
11146:
11143:
11141:
11138:
11136:
11133:
11131:
11128:
11126:
11123:
11122:
11120:
11118:
11117:Unrepresented
11114:
11107:
11104:
11103:
11101:
11099:
11095:
11088:
11085:
11082:
11079:
11076:
11073:
11070:
11067:
11064:
11061:
11058:
11055:
11052:
11049:
11046:
11043:
11040:
11037:
11034:
11031:
11026:
11023:
11022:
11021:
11018:
11017:
11015:
11013:
11009:
11003:
10998:
10991:
10986:
10984:
10979:
10977:
10972:
10971:
10968:
10956:
10953:
10951:
10948:
10946:
10943:
10942:
10939:
10933:
10930:
10928:
10925:
10923:
10920:
10918:
10915:
10913:
10910:
10909:
10907:
10903:
10897:
10894:
10892:
10889:
10887:
10884:
10882:
10879:
10877:
10874:
10872:
10869:
10867:
10864:
10862:
10859:
10857:
10854:
10852:
10849:
10847:
10844:
10842:
10839:
10837:
10836:Liberal Party
10834:
10832:
10829:
10827:
10824:
10823:
10821:
10817:
10811:
10808:
10806:
10803:
10801:
10798:
10796:
10793:
10791:
10788:
10786:
10783:
10781:
10778:
10776:
10773:
10771:
10768:
10766:
10763:
10761:
10758:
10756:
10753:
10751:
10748:
10746:
10745:Beja Congress
10743:
10739:
10736:
10734:
10731:
10730:
10728:
10727:
10725:
10721:
10715:
10710:
10703:
10698:
10696:
10691:
10689:
10684:
10683:
10680:
10668:
10663:
10658:
10656:
10653:
10651:
10648:
10647:
10644:
10638:
10632:
10630:
10624:
10622:
10616:
10614:
10608:
10606:
10603:
10601:
10595:
10593:
10587:
10585:
10579:
10577:
10571:
10569:
10563:
10561:
10558:
10556:
10550:
10549:
10547:
10543:
10536:
10530:
10527:
10521:
10518:
10515:
10512:
10506:
10503:
10497:
10494:
10491:
10488:
10485:
10484:
10482:
10480:
10472:
10468:
10461:
10456:
10454:
10449:
10447:
10442:
10441:
10438:
10426:
10423:
10421:
10418:
10416:
10413:
10412:
10409:
10403:
10400:
10398:
10395:
10393:
10390:
10388:
10385:
10382:
10379:
10378:
10376:
10374:
10369:
10363:
10360:
10358:
10355:
10353:
10350:
10348:
10345:
10343:
10340:
10338:
10335:
10334:
10332:
10330:
10325:
10314:
10311:
10308:
10305:
10302:
10298:
10294:
10291:
10288:
10285:
10282:
10279:
10278:
10276:
10272:
10265:
10262:
10259:
10256:
10253:
10250:
10247:
10246:Nida El Watan
10244:
10241:
10238:
10235:
10232:
10229:
10226:
10225:
10223:
10221:
10217:
10210:
10207:
10204:
10201:
10200:
10198:
10196:
10192:
10189:
10186:
10181:
10175:
10170:
10163:
10158:
10156:
10151:
10149:
10144:
10143:
10140:
10128:
10125:
10123:
10120:
10118:
10115:
10113:
10110:
10108:
10105:
10103:
10100:
10098:
10095:
10094:
10092:
10088:
10082:
10079:
10077:
10074:
10072:
10069:
10067:
10064:
10062:
10059:
10057:
10054:
10052:
10049:
10047:
10044:
10042:
10039:
10037:
10034:
10032:
10029:
10027:
10024:
10022:
10019:
10017:
10014:
10012:
10009:
10007:
10004:
10003:
10001:
9997:
9991:
9986:
9979:
9974:
9972:
9967:
9965:
9960:
9959:
9956:
9944:
9941:
9940:
9937:
9926:
9923:
9920:
9917:
9914:
9911:
9910:
9908:
9904:
9897:
9894:
9891:
9888:
9885:
9882:
9879:
9876:
9873:
9870:
9867:
9864:
9861:
9858:
9855:
9852:
9851:
9849:
9846:
9842:
9835:
9832:
9831:Islamic group
9829:
9826:
9823:
9820:
9817:
9814:
9811:
9808:
9805:
9802:
9799:
9798:
9796:
9793:
9789:
9782:
9779:
9776:
9773:
9770:
9767:
9764:
9761:
9758:
9755:
9752:
9749:
9746:
9743:
9740:
9737:
9734:
9731:
9730:Amal Movement
9728:
9725:
9722:
9721:
9719:
9716:
9712:
9709:
9706:
9702:
9691:
9690:
9688:
9684:
9677:
9674:
9671:
9668:
9665:
9662:
9661:
9659:
9656:
9652:
9645:
9642:
9639:
9636:
9633:
9630:
9627:
9624:
9621:
9618:
9615:
9612:
9609:
9608:Amal Movement
9606:
9605:
9603:
9600:
9596:
9593:
9590:
9586:
9582:
9577:
9568:
9563:
9561:
9556:
9554:
9549:
9548:
9545:
9533:
9530:
9528:
9525:
9523:
9520:
9519:
9516:
9510:
9507:
9505:
9502:
9500:
9497:
9495:
9492:
9491:
9489:
9487:Other parties
9485:
9479:
9476:
9473:
9470:
9467:
9464:
9461:
9458:
9455:
9452:
9449:
9446:
9443:
9440:
9437:
9434:
9433:
9431:
9428:
9424:
9418:
9413:
9406:
9401:
9399:
9394:
9392:
9387:
9386:
9383:
9371:
9368:
9366:
9363:
9361:
9358:
9357:
9354:
9348:
9345:
9344:
9342:
9338:
9332:
9329:
9327:
9324:
9322:
9319:
9317:
9314:
9313:
9311:
9307:
9301:
9298:
9296:
9293:
9291:
9288:
9286:
9283:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9271:
9268:
9266:
9263:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9251:
9248:
9247:
9245:
9243:Unrepresented
9241:
9234:
9231:
9228:
9225:
9222:
9219:
9216:
9213:
9210:
9207:
9204:
9201:
9198:
9195:
9192:
9189:
9188:
9186:
9184:
9180:
9174:
9169:
9162:
9157:
9155:
9150:
9148:
9143:
9142:
9139:
9129:
9124:
9116:
9113:
9111:
9108:
9106:
9103:
9101:
9098:
9097:
9095:
9093:
9090:
9089:
9087:
9083:
9077:
9074:
9073:
9071:
9067:
9060:
9057:
9054:
9051:
9048:
9047:
9045:
9041:
9033:
9030:
9028:
9025:
9023:
9020:
9018:
9015:
9013:
9010:
9009:
9007:
9004:
9001:
8998:
8997:
8995:
8991:
8984:
8981:
8978:
8975:
8972:
8969:
8966:
8963:
8960:
8957:
8954:
8951:
8948:
8945:
8944:
8942:
8938:
8931:
8930:Azem Alliance
8928:
8925:
8922:
8918:
8915:
8913:
8910:
8908:
8905:
8904:
8902:
8899:
8896:
8893:
8889:
8886:
8884:
8881:
8880:
8878:
8875:
8872:
8869:
8866:
8863:
8862:
8860:
8856:
8850:
8845:
8838:
8833:
8831:
8826:
8824:
8819:
8818:
8815:
8803:
8800:
8798:
8795:
8793:
8790:
8789:
8786:
8780:
8777:
8775:
8772:
8770:
8767:
8765:
8762:
8760:
8757:
8756:
8754:
8750:
8743:
8740:
8738:
8735:
8733:
8730:
8728:
8725:
8723:
8720:
8719:
8717:
8715:
8711:
8705:
8702:
8700:
8697:
8695:
8692:
8690:
8687:
8685:
8682:
8681:
8679:
8675:
8669:
8664:
8657:
8652:
8650:
8645:
8643:
8638:
8637:
8634:
8622:
8619:
8617:
8614:
8612:
8607:
8602:
8601:
8598:
8592:
8589:
8587:
8584:
8582:
8579:
8577:
8574:
8573:
8571:
8567:
8561:
8558:
8556:
8553:
8551:
8548:
8546:
8543:
8541:
8538:
8536:
8533:
8531:
8528:
8526:
8523:
8521:
8518:
8516:
8513:
8511:
8508:
8506:
8503:
8501:
8498:
8496:
8493:
8491:
8488:
8486:
8483:
8481:
8478:
8476:
8473:
8471:
8468:
8466:
8463:
8461:
8458:
8456:
8453:
8451:
8448:
8446:
8443:
8441:
8438:
8436:
8433:
8432:
8430:
8426:
8419:
8418:Dignity Party
8416:
8413:
8410:
8407:
8404:
8401:
8398:
8395:
8392:
8389:
8386:
8383:
8380:
8377:
8374:
8371:
8368:
8365:
8362:
8359:
8356:
8353:
8350:
8347:
8344:
8341:
8338:
8337:
8335:
8332:
8331:Parliamentary
8328:
8322:
8317:
8310:
8305:
8303:
8298:
8296:
8291:
8290:
8287:
8275:
8267:
8266:
8263:
8257:
8254:
8252:
8249:
8247:
8244:
8242:
8239:
8237:
8234:
8232:
8229:
8227:
8224:
8222:
8219:
8217:
8214:
8212:
8209:
8207:
8206:Greater Yemen
8204:
8202:
8201:Greater Syria
8199:
8197:
8194:
8192:
8189:
8187:
8184:
8182:
8179:
8178:
8176:
8172:
8166:
8163:
8161:
8158:
8156:
8153:
8151:
8148:
8146:
8143:
8141:
8138:
8137:
8135:
8133:
8129:
8123:
8122:
8118:
8116:
8115:
8111:
8109:
8108:
8104:
8103:
8101:
8097:
8091:
8088:
8086:
8083:
8081:
8078:
8076:
8073:
8071:
8068:
8066:
8063:
8061:
8058:
8056:
8053:
8051:
8048:
8046:
8043:
8041:
8038:
8036:
8033:
8031:
8028:
8026:
8023:
8021:
8018:
8016:
8013:
8011:
8008:
8006:
8003:
8001:
7998:
7996:
7993:
7991:
7988:
7986:
7983:
7981:
7978:
7976:
7973:
7971:
7968:
7966:
7963:
7961:
7958:
7956:
7953:
7951:
7948:
7946:
7943:
7941:
7938:
7936:
7933:
7931:
7928:
7926:
7923:
7921:
7918:
7917:
7915:
7913:
7912:Organizations
7909:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7875:
7873:
7870:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7848:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7838:
7835:
7833:
7832:George Habash
7830:
7828:
7825:
7823:
7820:
7818:
7815:
7813:
7812:Izzat Darwaza
7810:
7808:
7805:
7803:
7800:
7798:
7795:
7793:
7790:
7788:
7785:
7783:
7780:
7778:
7775:
7773:
7770:
7768:
7765:
7763:
7760:
7758:
7755:
7753:
7750:
7748:
7747:Yasser Arafat
7745:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7735:
7733:
7730:
7729:
7727:
7725:
7724:Personalities
7721:
7715:
7712:
7710:
7707:
7705:
7702:
7700:
7699:Arab identity
7697:
7696:
7694:
7690:
7684:
7681:
7679:
7676:
7674:
7671:
7669:
7666:
7664:
7661:
7659:
7656:
7654:
7651:
7649:
7646:
7644:
7641:
7639:
7636:
7634:
7631:
7629:
7626:
7624:
7621:
7619:
7616:
7614:
7613:Arab Cold War
7611:
7609:
7606:
7604:
7601:
7599:
7596:
7594:
7591:
7589:
7586:
7584:
7581:
7577:
7574:
7572:
7569:
7567:
7564:
7562:
7559:
7557:
7554:
7553:
7552:
7549:
7547:
7544:
7542:
7539:
7537:
7534:
7530:
7527:
7526:
7525:
7522:
7520:
7517:
7513:
7510:
7509:
7508:
7505:
7503:
7500:
7499:
7497:
7493:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7479:
7477:
7474:
7472:
7469:
7467:
7464:
7463:
7461:
7457:
7453:
7446:
7441:
7439:
7434:
7432:
7427:
7426:
7423:
7403:
7400:
7398:
7397:
7393:
7392:
7390:
7386:
7380:
7379:
7375:
7373:
7372:
7368:
7367:
7365:
7361:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7347:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7339:Republicanism
7337:
7335:
7334:Progressivism
7332:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7322:
7320:
7317:
7315:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7301:
7299:
7295:
7291:
7287:Miscellaneous
7284:
7280:
7266:
7263:
7261:
7258:
7256:
7253:
7252:
7250:
7246:
7238:
7235:
7234:
7233:
7230:
7226:
7223:
7221:
7218:
7217:
7216:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7183:
7181:
7178:
7176:
7173:
7171:
7168:
7166:
7163:
7161:
7158:
7157:
7155:
7151:
7141:
7138:
7136:
7133:
7131:
7128:
7126:
7123:
7121:
7118:
7116:
7113:
7111:
7108:
7106:
7103:
7101:
7098:
7097:
7095:
7091:
7085:
7082:
7080:
7077:
7075:
7072:
7070:
7067:
7065:
7062:
7060:
7057:
7055:
7052:
7051:
7049:
7045:
7042:
7038:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7024:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7007:
7004:
7002:
6999:
6995:
6992:
6991:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6981:
6979:
6977:
6971:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6955:
6954:Rejectionists
6952:
6950:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6935:
6932:
6930:
6927:
6926:
6924:
6920:
6916:
6912:
6905:
6901:
6883:
6880:
6879:
6877:
6873:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6848:
6846:
6842:
6839:
6835:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6820:
6818:
6814:
6808:
6805:
6803:
6800:
6798:
6795:
6794:
6792:
6788:
6778:
6775:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6757:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6733:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6723:
6722:
6720:
6716:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6668:
6665:
6664:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6644:
6642:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6627:
6623:
6619:
6612:
6608:
6596:* = incumbent
6593:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6512:
6509:
6507:
6506:Yusuf Zuayyin
6504:
6502:
6501:Amin al-Hafiz
6499:
6497:
6494:
6493:
6491:
6489:
6483:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6453:
6451:
6449:
6443:
6440:
6436:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6418:
6412:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6394:Amin al-Hafiz
6392:
6391:
6389:
6387:
6381:
6375:
6372:
6370:
6367:
6366:
6364:
6362:
6356:
6353:
6349:
6341:
6337:
6333:
6327:
6326:Yusuf Zuayyin
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6306:Mustafa Tlass
6304:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6226:Sami al-Jundi
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6181:Amin al-Hafiz
6179:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6171:Marwan Habash
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6108:
6106:
6104:
6098:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6071:Khamis Sirhan
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5986:Qusay Hussein
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5903:
5901:
5899:
5893:
5890:
5886:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5849:Zuheir Mohsen
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5834:Amin al-Hafiz
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5771:
5769:
5767:
5761:
5755:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5728:Amin al-Hafiz
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5715:
5713:
5709:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5693:
5691:
5687:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5672:
5670:
5666:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5645:
5643:
5639:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5598:
5596:
5592:
5589:
5585:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5567:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5550:
5548:
5544:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5518:
5516:
5512:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5497:
5495:
5491:
5488:
5484:
5480:
5473:
5469:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5408:
5405:
5404:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5389:
5387:
5383:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5328:
5326:
5322:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5307:
5305:
5301:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5276:
5274:
5270:
5266:
5262:
5255:
5251:
5245:
5244:
5238:
5236:
5235:
5229:
5228:
5225:
5221:
5212:
5207:
5205:
5200:
5198:
5193:
5192:
5189:
5183:
5180:
5179:
5159:
5155:
5149:
5134:
5130:
5126:
5120:
5104:
5098:
5092:
5076:
5070:
5064:
5048:
5044:
5040:
5036:
5030:
5024:
5009:
5008:
5003:
4996:
4981:
4977:
4971:
4965:
4963:
4961:
4944:
4940:
4934:
4928:
4912:
4908:
4904:
4898:
4882:
4876:
4860:
4853:
4837:
4833:
4826:
4810:
4806:
4799:
4797:
4780:
4776:
4770:
4768:
4752:on 8 May 2014
4751:
4747:
4743:
4737:
4721:
4717:
4713:
4707:
4699:
4693:
4689:
4685:
4681:
4674:
4658:
4654:
4650:
4644:
4642:
4640:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4603:
4601:
4592:
4590:1-85521-014-2
4586:
4582:
4578:
4571:
4563:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4545:
4538:
4530:
4524:
4520:
4516:
4512:
4505:
4489:
4485:
4481:
4475:
4467:
4465:1-85743-183-9
4461:
4457:
4453:
4449:
4445:
4439:
4431:
4425:
4421:
4417:
4413:
4406:
4391:
4387:
4381:
4373:
4371:1-85743-126-X
4367:
4363:
4359:
4355:
4348:
4340:
4338:1-55587-699-4
4334:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4315:
4300:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4281:
4265:
4261:
4255:
4240:
4236:
4232:
4228:
4221:
4213:
4207:
4203:
4199:
4195:
4188:
4180:
4178:1-85743-212-6
4174:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4155:
4153:
4144:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4126:
4119:
4104:
4100:
4094:
4079:
4075:
4068:
4049:
4042:
4036:
4034:
4032:
4030:
4028:
4026:
4024:
4022:
4020:
4018:
4016:
4014:
4012:
4010:
4001:
3997:
3993:
3986:
3978:
3974:
3968:
3960:
3956:
3949:
3941:
3939:0-312-08997-X
3935:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3916:
3908:
3906:1-4191-3012-9
3902:
3898:
3894:
3890:
3883:
3875:
3873:0-7099-2727-4
3869:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3850:
3842:
3840:0-7099-2727-4
3836:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3817:
3809:
3807:0-7099-2727-4
3803:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3784:
3776:
3774:0-7099-2727-4
3770:
3766:
3762:
3758:
3751:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3729:
3721:
3715:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3696:
3688:
3682:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3663:
3655:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3637:
3630:
3622:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3597:
3589:
3583:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3564:
3556:
3550:
3546:
3542:
3538:
3531:
3523:
3519:
3518:BRILL Archive
3515:
3508:
3500:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3475:
3467:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3442:
3434:
3428:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3409:
3393:
3387:
3381:
3374:
3373:
3368:
3362:
3355:
3354:
3347:
3331:
3327:
3318:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3288:
3286:
3277:
3270:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3240:
3225:on 1 May 2014
3224:
3220:
3216:
3210:
3202:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3174:
3166:
3164:0-7391-0649-X
3160:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3141:
3133:
3131:0-9536278-7-X
3127:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3108:
3100:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3072:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3024:
3015:
3009:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2990:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2982:
2973:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2948:
2946:
2937:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2912:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2871:
2869:
2861:
2860:The Economist
2856:
2848:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2833:
2825:
2817:
2811:
2807:
2806:
2798:
2790:
2789:
2781:
2765:
2761:
2755:
2739:
2735:
2729:
2713:
2707:
2701:
2685:
2679:
2673:
2657:
2651:
2645:
2629:
2628:
2623:
2617:
2615:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2586:
2580:
2564:
2563:
2558:
2552:
2546:
2530:
2524:
2518:
2503:
2502:
2497:
2490:
2488:
2471:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2449:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2428:
2420:
2418:3-531-16205-5
2414:
2410:
2406:
2399:
2391:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2370:
2362:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2341:
2333:
2331:1-84467-512-2
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2308:
2300:
2298:1-4191-2671-7
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2272:
2268:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2217:
2215:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2192:
2186:
2176:
2174:
2173:Popular Front
2170:
2166:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2114:
2104:
2102:
2098:
2087:
2078:
2074:
2071:This section
2069:
2066:
2062:
2061:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2013:
2008:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1928:
1925:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1888:
1884:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1862:
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1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1843:Ould Haidalla
1839:
1837:
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1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1812:
1806:
1797:
1793:
1788:
1786:
1781:
1779:
1778:Iran-Iraq War
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1719:
1715:
1705:
1703:
1702:Sawt at-Talia
1698:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1681:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1667:against King
1666:
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1528:This section
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1508:
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1500:
1495:
1493:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1466:
1460:
1456:
1454:
1453:al-Assad rule
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1437:authoritarian
1433:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1417:
1407:
1405:
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1388:
1383:
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1289:
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1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1256:2006 election
1253:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1231:
1225:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
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806:
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517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
501:Iran–Iraq War
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
483:
482:
478:
477:
471:
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458:
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300:Organisations
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223:Iran–Iraq War
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63:
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55:
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45:
41:
29:
26:
22:
12082:Ba'ath Party
11989:Yemen portal
11674:Pirate Party
11573:Green League
11548:Nidaa Tounes
9890:Osos Lebanon
9813:Kataeb Party
9760:Ba'ath Party
9436:Independents
9203:Eradah Party
9104:
8774:Haq Movement
8358:Future Front
8241:Pan-Islamism
8119:
8112:
8105:
8009:
8005:Ba'ath Party
7882:Ameen Rihani
7742:Jassem Alwan
7737:Michel Aflaq
7593:Algerian War
7519:Iraqi Revolt
7394:
7376:
7369:
7309:Anti-Zionism
6922:Armed groups
6866:Popular Army
6844:Paramilitary
6617:Organization
6416:
6151:Muhsen Bilal
5854:Munif Razzaz
5774:Michel Aflaq
5696:Isam al-Qadi
5653:Munif Razzaz
5565:
5521:Michel Aflaq
5505:Munif Razzaz
5500:Michel Aflaq
5310:Michel Aflaq
5272:Predecessors
5239:
5231:
5230:
5162:. Retrieved
5154:Staff writer
5148:
5136:. Retrieved
5119:
5107:. Retrieved
5097:Staff writer
5091:
5079:. Retrieved
5069:Staff writer
5063:
5051:. Retrieved
5047:the original
5029:Staff writer
5023:
5011:. Retrieved
5005:
4995:
4983:. Retrieved
4970:Staff writer
4947:. Retrieved
4943:the original
4933:Staff writer
4927:
4915:. Retrieved
4911:the original
4903:Staff writer
4897:
4885:. Retrieved
4875:
4863:. Retrieved
4852:
4840:. Retrieved
4836:the original
4825:
4813:. Retrieved
4809:the original
4783:. Retrieved
4754:. Retrieved
4750:the original
4736:
4724:. Retrieved
4720:the original
4715:
4706:
4679:
4673:
4661:. Retrieved
4657:the original
4626:. Retrieved
4622:the original
4576:
4570:
4543:
4537:
4510:
4504:
4492:. Retrieved
4488:the original
4474:
4447:
4438:
4411:
4405:
4393:. Retrieved
4389:
4380:
4353:
4347:
4320:
4314:
4302:. Retrieved
4290:
4280:
4268:. Retrieved
4264:Deseret News
4263:
4254:
4242:. Retrieved
4230:
4220:
4193:
4187:
4160:
4124:
4118:
4106:. Retrieved
4102:
4093:
4081:. Retrieved
4077:
4067:
4055:. Retrieved
4048:the original
3991:
3985:
3972:
3967:
3954:
3948:
3921:
3915:
3888:
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3855:
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3536:
3530:
3513:
3507:
3480:
3474:
3447:
3441:
3414:
3408:
3396:. Retrieved
3386:Staff writer
3380:
3370:
3361:
3351:
3346:
3334:. Retrieved
3330:the original
3317:
3305:. Retrieved
3301:the original
3275:
3269:
3257:. Retrieved
3253:the original
3239:
3227:. Retrieved
3223:the original
3209:
3182:
3179:Staff writer
3173:
3146:
3140:
3113:
3107:
3080:
3077:Staff writer
3071:
3059:. Retrieved
3055:the original
2995:
2953:
2917:
2911:
2899:. Retrieved
2893:
2883:
2875:
2855:
2831:
2824:
2804:
2797:
2787:
2780:
2768:. Retrieved
2763:
2754:
2742:. Retrieved
2740:. 7 May 2013
2737:
2728:
2716:. Retrieved
2706:Staff writer
2700:
2688:. Retrieved
2678:Staff writer
2672:
2660:. Retrieved
2650:Staff writer
2644:
2632:. Retrieved
2625:
2601:. Retrieved
2594:
2585:Staff writer
2579:
2567:. Retrieved
2560:
2551:Staff writer
2545:
2533:. Retrieved
2523:Staff writer
2517:
2505:. Retrieved
2501:The National
2499:
2474:. Retrieved
2433:
2427:
2404:
2398:
2375:
2369:
2346:
2340:
2313:
2307:
2280:
2271:
2254:Saudi Arabia
2238:
2218:
2213:
2201:
2197:
2188:
2162:
2145:
2137:
2116:
2094:
2081:
2077:adding to it
2072:
2014:
2010:
1976:
1965:
1933:
1914:
1863:
1840:
1789:
1782:
1740:
1721:
1701:
1686:
1682:
1662:
1602:
1598:
1581:
1551:
1538:
1534:adding to it
1529:
1496:
1488:
1471:
1461:
1457:
1434:
1430:house arrest
1419:
1384:
1363:
1341:
1328:
1317:
1312:
1303:
1272:
1227:
1211:
1203:
1195:
1186:
1156:
1134:
1132:
1112:Michel Aflaq
1105:
1102:Organization
1083:
1052:Michel Aflaq
539: /
525:
511:UN sanctions
479:
381:Michel Aflaq
338:
329:Ba'ath Party
231:seized power
204:
200:Ba'ath Party
179:
168:
166:
95:(until 2003)
74:Headquarters
65:Ba'ath Party
25:
11800:(2011–2019)
11794:(2012–2017)
11788:(2011–2013)
11782:(1993–2012)
11776:(1983–2012)
11770:(1988–2011)
11764:(1964–1988)
11758:(1934–1993)
11752:(1934–1964)
11750:Neo Destour
11746:(1920–1960)
11588:Aïch Tounsi
11568:Afek Tounes
10477:Legislative
10475:Palestinian
10187:(176 seats)
9906:Others (10)
9878:Khatt Ahmar
9778:Union Party
7935:Arab Ba'ath
7857:Salah Jadid
7714:Arabization
7561:Six-Day War
7556:Suez Crisis
7502:Arab Revolt
7481:Pan-Arabism
7354:Vanguardism
7329:Pan-Arabism
6959:Snake Party
6745:South Yemen
6576:Imad Khamis
6321:Salim Yasin
6241:Imad Khamis
6216:Salah Jadid
6201:Hilal Hilal
6196:Salim Hatum
6161:Ahmad Diyab
6086:Tahir Yahya
5844:Salah Jadid
5824:Elias Farah
5701:Rakad Salem
5675:Assem Qanso
5279:Arab Ba'ath
5164:18 February
5138:30 November
5109:18 February
5081:18 February
5053:18 February
5013:18 February
4985:18 February
4949:18 February
4917:23 February
4887:22 February
4865:19 February
4842:19 February
4815:19 February
4785:23 February
4726:26 February
4103:photius.com
3398:18 February
3336:18 February
2960:. pp.
2901:26 November
2718:26 February
2690:26 February
2662:26 February
2630:(in Arabic)
2603:26 February
2599:(in Arabic)
2569:26 February
2565:(in Arabic)
2535:26 February
2507:26 February
2287:. pp.
2230:Arab Spring
2212:, English:
2165:Arab League
2099:during the
1983:Rakad Salem
1906:Rakad Salem
1853:during the
1776:during the
1746:Arabization
1626:Assem Qanso
1280:Arab Spring
1069:(2006–2020)
1063:(1992–2006)
1054:(1968–1989)
977:Pan-Arabism
939:2002–
926:1970–
913:1966–
406:Salah Jadid
353:1966–
309:Arab Ba'ath
82:(1966-2003)
12076:Categories
10905:Coalitions
10831:Black Bloc
10274:Opposition
10220:Supporting
10195:Government
10031:Libu Party
10021:Ihya Libya
9686:Others (5)
9270:Arab Party
9183:Parliament
9076:The Iraqis
8741:Al Wahdawi
8699:Al Meethaq
8099:Literature
7792:Tariq Aziz
7709:Arab world
7704:Arab Union
7633:Dhofar War
7363:Literature
7349:Secularism
7237:in Lebanon
6790:Newspapers
6735:Mauritania
6689:Mauritania
6556:Adel Safar
5956:Tariq Aziz
5566:(de facto)
5476:Leadership
5385:Post-split
4779:Al Arabiya
4686:. p.
4684:I.B.Tauris
4550:. p.
4517:. p.
4454:. p.
4418:. p.
4395:24 October
4360:. p.
4327:. p.
4304:24 October
4270:24 October
4244:24 October
4200:. p.
4167:. p.
4131:. p.
4108:25 October
4083:25 October
3998:. p.
3928:. p.
3895:. p.
3862:. p.
3829:. p.
3796:. p.
3763:. p.
3708:. p.
3675:. p.
3642:. p.
3609:. p.
3576:. p.
3543:. p.
3520:. p.
3487:. p.
3454:. p.
3421:. p.
3189:. p.
3153:. p.
3120:. p.
3087:. p.
3002:. p.
2924:. p.
2320:. p.
2264:References
2030:secularist
1766:Mauritania
1708:Mauritania
1691:(LNM), an
1492:secularism
745:Mauritania
444:Literature
215:Arab world
196:1966 split
152:Party flag
88:Armed wing
10560:As-Sa'iqa
10517:Third Way
10293:Sawab–RAG
10281:Tewassoul
10264:El Vadila
10240:El Karama
9896:ReLebanon
9754:Al-Ahbash
9736:Hezbollah
9614:Hezbollah
9589:Ministers
9250:Ahd Party
8684:Al Asalah
8400:Jil Jadid
8132:Symbolism
7476:Nasserism
7471:Ba'athism
7388:Symbolism
7344:Saddamism
7324:Ba'athism
6807:Al-Thawra
6797:Al-Ba'ath
6740:Palestine
6694:Palestine
6417:(interim)
5689:Palestine
5493:Pre-split
5414:Arab Belt
5324:Pre-split
4746:Cablegate
4653:Cablegate
4618:Cablegate
4581:Dartmouth
4484:Cablegate
4452:Routledge
4358:Routledge
4299:0362-4331
4239:0190-8286
3297:Cablegate
3249:Cablegate
3219:Cablegate
3051:Cablegate
2922:iUniverse
2256:. In the
2084:June 2014
1991:West Bank
1940:al-Sa'iqa
1911:Newspaper
1877:Palestine
1805:romanized
1697:Ba'athist
1677:Nasserist
1541:June 2014
1503:Cablegate
1380:Hammurabi
982:Saddamism
972:Nasserism
862:pro-Syria
841:pro-Syria
820:pro-Syria
799:pro-Syria
778:pro-Syria
766:Palestine
757:pro-Syria
720:pro-Syria
683:pro-Syria
662:pro-Syria
641:pro-Syria
620:pro-Syria
599:pro-Syria
282:Ba'athism
265:Structure
184:Ba'athist
134:Left-wing
122:Saddamism
118:Ba'athism
68:(unitary)
11890:Al-Islah
11740:(1907–?)
10352:El Ravah
10234:El Islah
10203:El Insaf
9854:Taqaddom
8865:Sadrists
8759:Al Wefaq
8722:Al Wefaq
8388:New Dawn
8274:Category
8216:Islamism
7925:Al-Fatat
7692:Concepts
7459:Ideology
7297:Ideology
7100:Ahd Bloc
5303:Founders
4548:ABC-CLIO
4446:(2003).
4416:CQ Press
4198:CQ Press
3181:(2002).
3079:(2002).
2738:Aladhwaa
2634:10 April
2627:Al-Wasat
2596:Al-Wasat
2562:Al-Wasat
2279:(2004).
2234:Hodeidah
2042:Khartoum
1987:Ramallah
1923:Homepage
1855:Gulf War
1554:Gulf War
1324:conflict
1157:de facto
1143:and the
1136:de facto
857:pro-Iraq
836:pro-Iraq
815:pro-Iraq
794:pro-Iraq
773:pro-Iraq
752:pro-Iraq
736:pro-Iraq
715:pro-Iraq
699:pro-Iraq
678:pro-Iraq
657:pro-Iraq
636:pro-Iraq
615:pro-Iraq
594:pro-Iraq
516:Iraq War
506:Gulf War
274:a series
272:Part of
257:and its
207:Damascus
109:Ideology
11999:Defunct
11744:Destour
11731:Defunct
11616:Al Amal
11553:Errahma
11513:Ennahda
10819:Defunct
10723:Current
10479:Council
10090:Defunct
9309:Defunct
9110:al-Awda
9100:in Iraq
8744:Al Ekha
8470:Essabil
8333:parties
7920:Al-Awda
7495:History
7225:Unified
7220:Bakdash
7047:Current
7011:Al-Awda
6765:History
6730:Lebanon
6704:Tunisia
6679:Lebanon
6652:Bahrain
6647:Algeria
5762:of the
5759:Members
5668:Lebanon
5407:Members
5260:History
4756:12 July
4663:11 July
4628:11 July
4494:10 July
4057:12 July
3307:10 July
3259:10 July
3229:10 July
3061:10 July
2770:20 July
2476:10 July
2289:191–192
2107:Tunisia
1895:Founded
1807::
1760:, with
1641:of the
1628:of the
1572:Lebanon
1451:or the
1338:Eritrea
1244:Bahrain
1218:Bahrain
1177:Algeria
1155:became
941:present
928:present
915:present
829:Tunisia
708:Lebanon
608:Bahrain
587:Algeria
474:History
355:present
253:by the
235:deposed
188:Baghdad
80:, Iraq
78:Baghdad
53:Founded
11878:Active
11027:) (167
10636:(RPCP)
10628:(RDPP)
10620:(PPSF)
10612:(PPSF)
10599:(FIDA)
10525:(DFLP)
10501:(PFLP)
10307:AJD/MR
9999:Active
9340:Banned
9300:Zamzam
9085:Banned
8435:Ahd 54
7093:Former
6725:Jordan
6674:Jordan
5641:Jordan
4694:
4587:
4558:
4525:
4462:
4426:
4368:
4335:
4297:
4237:
4208:
4175:
4139:
3936:
3903:
3870:
3837:
3804:
3771:
3716:
3683:
3650:
3617:
3584:
3551:
3495:
3462:
3429:
3197:
3161:
3128:
3095:
3010:
2968:
2932:
2843:
2812:
2744:5 July
2444:
2415:
2386:
2357:
2328:
2295:
2206:Arabic
2191:Arabic
2142:French
2131:Arabic
1867:French
1859:Israel
1816:French
1796:Arabic
1584:Arabic
1513:Kuwait
1465:Arabic
1410:Jordan
1371:Iraqis
1306:Arabic
1258:. The
1230:Arabic
1200:French
1189:Arabic
692:Kuwait
671:Jordan
369:People
259:allies
241:. The
173:Arabic
140:Colors
10591:(PCP)
10583:(PAF)
10575:(PLF)
10567:(PLF)
10554:(ALF)
10545:Other
10534:(PPP)
10510:(PNI)
10493:Fatah
10487:Hamas
10397:Ribat
10301:Sawab
10258:HIWAR
10252:HATEM
10205:(107)
9707:(128)
8903:(17)
8879:(33)
8586:Wafaa
8485:Islah
8020:Fatah
7195:Sawab
6875:Youth
6837:Wings
6777:Yemen
6755:Syria
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