187:
789:
868:, and coliphage HSA virus; each of enterocin AAR-71 class IIa, enterocin AAR-74 class IIa, and erwiniocin NA4 against coliphage HSA virus; each of enterocin ST5Ha, enterocin NKR-5-3C, and subtilosin against HSV-1; each of enterocin ST4V and enterocin CRL35 class IIa against HSV-1 and HSV-2; labyrinthopeptin A1 against HIV-1 and HSV-1; and bacteriocin from
439:
taxa and almost never kill the majority of the taxa for which they are named. Further, the original naming is generally derived not from the sensitive strain the bacteriocin kills, but instead the organism that produces the bacteriocin. This makes the use of this naming system a problematic basis for theory; thus the alternative classification systems.
438:
This naming system is problematic for a number of reasons. First, naming bacteriocins by what they putatively kill would be more accurate if their killing spectrum were contiguous with genus or species designations. The bacteriocins frequently possess spectra that exceed the bounds of their named
505:
Gram negative bacteriocins are typically classified by size. Microcins are less than 20 kDa in size, colicin-like bacteriocins are 20 to 90 kDa in size and tailocins or so called high molecular weight bacteriocins which are multi subunit bacteriocins that resemble the tails of bacteriophages. This
846:
screening for antimicrobial activity against suitable targets and subsequently purified using fastidious methods prior to testing. However, since the advent of the genomic era, the availability of the bacterial genome sequences has revolutionized the approach to identifying bacteriocins. Recently
759:
was the only bacteriocin generally recognized as safe by the FDA and was used as a food preservative in several countries. Generally bacteriocins are not useful as food preservatives because they are expensive to make, are broken down in food products, they harm some proteins in food, and they
570:
The two types of tailocins differ by their structure; they are both composed of a sheath and a hollow tube forming a long helicoidal hexameric structure attached to a baseplate. There are multiple tail fibers that allow the viral particle to bind to the target cell. However, the R-pyocins are a
552:
CLBs are distinct from Gram-positive bacteriocins. They are modular proteins between 20 and 90 kDa in size. They often consist of a receptor binding domain, a translocation domain and a cytotoxic domain. Combinations of these domains between different CLBs occur frequently in nature and can be
574:
The tailocins are coded by prophage sequences in the bacteria genome, and the production will happen when kin bacteria are spotted in the environment of the producer. The particles are synthesized in the center of the cells and after maturation they will migrate to the cell pole via tubulin
396:
Bacteriocins are categorized in several ways, including producing strain, common resistance mechanisms, and mechanism of killing. There are several large categories of bacteriocin which are only phenomenologically related. These include the bacteriocins from gram-positive bacteria, the
575:
structure. The tailocins will then be ejected in the medium with the cell lysis. They can be projected up to several tens of micrometers thanks to a very high turgor pressure of the cell. The tailocins released will then recognize and bind to the kin bacteria to kill them.
842:. Potentially, the bacteriocins could be produced by bacteria intentionally introduced into the patient to combat infection. There are several strategies by which new bacteriocins can be discovered. In the past, bacteriocins had to be identified by intensive
704:
Class III bacteriocins are large, heat-labile (>10 kDa) protein bacteriocins. This class is subdivided in two subclasses: subclass IIIa (bacteriolysins) and subclass IIIb. Subclass IIIa comprises those peptides that kill bacterial cells by
567:. They can be further subdivided into R-type and F-type pyocins. Some research was made to identify the pyocins and show how they are involved in the “cell-to-cell” competition of the closely related Pseudomonas bacteria.
1842:
Netz DJ, Sahl HG, Marcelino R, dos Santos
Nascimento J, de Oliveira SS, Soares MB, et al. (August 2001). "Molecular characterisation of aureocin A70, a multi-peptide bacteriocin isolated from Staphylococcus aureus".
1770:
Nissen-Meyer J, Rogne P, OppegĂĄrd C, Haugen HS, Kristiansen PE (January 2009). "Structure-function relationships of the non-lanthionine-containing peptide (class II) bacteriocins produced by gram-positive bacteria".
1806:
Netz DJ, Pohl R, Beck-Sickinger AG, Selmer T, Pierik AJ, Bastos M, Sahl HG (June 2002). "Biochemical characterisation and genetic analysis of aureocin A53, a new, atypical bacteriocin from
Staphylococcus aureus".
373:
Bacteriocins were first discovered by André Gratia in 1925. He was involved in the process of searching for ways to kill bacteria, which also resulted in the development of antibiotics and the discovery of
553:
created in the laboratory. Due to these combinations further subclassification can be based on either import mechanism (group A and B) or on cytotoxic mechanism (nucleases, pore forming, M-type, L-type).
2967:
Kabuki T, Saito T, Kawai Y, Uemura J, Itoh T (February 1997). "Production, purification and characterization of reutericin 6, a bacteriocin with lytic activity produced by
Lactobacillus reuteri LA6".
421:(formerly called 'colicines', meaning 'coli killers'). These are the longest studied bacteriocins. They are a diverse group of bacteriocins and do not include all the bacteriocins produced by
1978:
Stepper J, Shastri S, Loo TS, Preston JC, Novak P, Man P, et al. (February 2011). "Cysteine S-glycosylation, a new post-translational modification found in glycopeptide bacteriocins".
619:
consensus sequence -Tyr-Gly-Asn-Gly-Val-Xaa-Cys across this group. The C-terminal is responsible for species-specific activity, causing cell-leakage by permeabilizing the target cell wall.
615:
are small (<10 kDa) heat-stable proteins. This class is subdivided into five subclasses. The class IIa bacteriocins (pediocin-like bacteriocins) are the largest subgroup and contain an
674:
Class IId cover single-peptide bacteriocins, which are not post-translationally modified and do not show the pediocin-like signature. The best example of this group is the highly stable
656:, where they are involved in helix-helix interactions. Accordingly, the bacteriocin GxxxG motifs can interact with the motifs in the membranes of the bacterial cells, killing the cells.
370:
killing factors, and are structurally, functionally, and ecologically diverse. Applications of bacteriocins are being tested to assess their application as narrow-spectrum antibiotics.
454:
808:
Moreover, has been recently demonstrated that bacteriocins active against plant pathogenic bacteria can be expressed in plants to provide robust resistance against plant disease.
533:. Similar bacteriocins (CLBs, colicin-like bacteriocins) occur in other Gram-negative bacteria. CLBs typically target same species and have species-specific names: klebicins from
1195:
Gratia A (1925). "Sur un remarquable exemple d'antagonisme entre deux souches de coilbacille" [On a remarkable example of antagonism between two strains of coilbacille].
312:
145:
686:
The most recently proposed subclass is the Class IIe, which encompasses those bacteriocins composed of three or four non-pediocin like peptides. The best example is
3004:"Production of the lantibiotic salivaricin A and its variants by oral streptococci and use of a specific induction assay to detect their presence in human saliva"
2631:
Lagos R, Tello M, Mercado G, GarcĂa V, Monasterio O (January 2009). "Antibacterial and antitumorigenic properties of microcin E492, a pore-forming bacteriocin".
3138:
781:
have been produced in plants with the aim for them to be used as food additives. The use of bacteriocins in food has been generally regarded as safe by the
2781:
Pandey N, Malik RK, Kaushik JK, Singroha G (November 2013). "Gassericin A: a circular bacteriocin produced by lactic acid bacteria
Lactobacillus gasseri".
723:. Subclass IIIb, in contrast, comprises those peptides that do not cause cell lysis, killing the target cells by disrupting plasma membrane potential.
739:
moieties. Confirmation by experimental data was established with the characterisation of sublancin and glycocin F (GccF) by two independent groups.
3572:
3096:
3116:
3632:
1325:"Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide natural products: overview and recommendations for a universal nomenclature"
268:
256:
101:
89:
2539:
Al Kassaa I, Hober D, Hamze M, Chihib NE, Drider D (December 2014). "Antiviral potential of lactic acid bacteria and their bacteriocins".
3131:
3551:
3546:
3491:
3481:
3476:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3436:
3368:
3363:
3406:
3386:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3258:
3248:
3243:
3233:
3228:
1499:"Live cell dynamics of production, explosive release and killing activity of phage tail-like weapons for Pseudomonas kin exclusion"
2883:"Genomic analyses of pneumococci reveal a wide diversity of bacteriocins - including pneumocyclicin, a novel circular bacteriocin"
853:-based methods can be applied to rapidly screen thousands of bacterial genomes in order to identify novel antimicrobial peptides.
3263:
3238:
2231:"Broad and efficient control of major foodborne pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli by mixtures of plant-produced colicins"
571:
large, rigid contractile tail-like structure whereas the F-pyocins are a small flexible, non-contractile tail-like structure.
3124:
1754:
3059:
MĂĽller I, Lurz R, Geider K (July 2012). "Tasmancin and lysogenic bacteriophages induced from
Erwinia tasmaniensis strains".
332:
165:
640:
The class IIb bacteriocins (two-peptide bacteriocins) require two different peptides for activity. One such an example is
3335:
652:
cations, but not for divalent cations. Almost all of these bacteriocins have a GxxxG motifs. This motif is also found in
457:(RiPP) natural products have led to the differentiation of lantipeptides from bacteriocins based on biosynthetic genes.
2584:"Structure of the mannose phosphotransferase system (man-PTS) complexed with microcin E492, a pore-forming bacteriocin"
1737:
Heng NC, Wescombe PA, Burton JP, Jack RW, Tagg JR (2007). "The
Diversity of Bacteriocins in Gram-Positive Bacteria".
3146:
2453:
Nardis C, Mosca L, Mastromarino P (Sep–Oct 2013). "Vaginal microbiota and viral sexually transmitted diseases".
3340:
583:
Bacteriocins from Gram positive bacteria are typically classified into Class I, Class IIa/b/c, and Class III.
320:
153:
1130:
838:
Bacteriocins have been proposed as a replacement for antibiotics to which pathogenic bacteria have become
3323:
678:. This bacteriocin is stable under highly acidic conditions, high temperatures, and is not affected by
316:
149:
2826:"Purification and amino acid sequence of lactocin S, a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus sake L45"
3002:
Wescombe PA, Upton M, Dierksen KP, Ragland NL, Sivabalan S, Wirawan RE, et al. (February 2006).
1223:
870:
2732:
3110:
1152:
Cotter PD, Ross RP, Hill C (February 2013). "Bacteriocins - a viable alternative to antibiotics?".
839:
2288:
Schneider T, Hahn-Löbmann S, Stephan A, Schulz S, Giritch A, Naumann M, et al. (March 2018).
3604:
2345:
Paškevičius Š, Starkevič U, Misiūnas A, Vitkauskienė A, Gleba Y, Ražanskienė A (3 October 2017).
861:
843:
435:. It is much smaller and produced and secreted in a different manner than the classic colicins.
1580:
Cotter PD, Hill C, Ross RP (October 2005). "Bacteriocins: developing innate immunity for food".
1274:
Cascales E, Buchanan SK, Duché D, Kleanthous C, Lloubès R, Postle K, et al. (March 2007).
1125:
777:
692:
563:
2229:
Schulz S, Stephan A, Hahn S, Bortesi L, Jarczowski F, Bettmann U, et al. (October 2015).
1625:"Structural Basis of Pore Formation in the Mannose Phosphotransferase System by Pediocin PA-1"
3652:
3328:
3155:
2406:"Engineering bacteriocin-mediated resistance against the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae"
800:
719:
653:
612:
494:
362:
to inhibit the growth of similar or closely related bacterial strain(s). They are similar to
860:
studies to see if they can stop viruses from replicating, namely staphylococcin 188 against
3355:
3311:
3205:
3015:
2837:
2687:
2358:
2301:
2242:
1323:
Arnison PG, Bibb MJ, Bierbaum G, Bowers AA, Bugni TS, Bulaj G, et al. (January 2013).
794:
482:
299:
132:
706:
8:
3345:
2123:"BACTIBASE second release: a database and tool platform for bacteriocin characterization"
506:
size classification also coincides with genetic, structural and functional similarities.
3106:
3019:
2841:
2691:
2362:
2305:
2246:
493:
moiety, containing atypical amino acids such as lanthionine), and method of production (
3036:
3003:
2909:
2882:
2806:
2763:
2608:
2583:
2564:
2516:
2489:
2430:
2405:
2381:
2346:
2322:
2289:
2265:
2230:
2203:
2176:
2149:
2122:
2098:
2071:
2047:
2022:
2003:
1955:
1930:
1906:
1879:
1714:
1681:
1657:
1624:
1605:
1569:
1523:
1498:
1398:
1373:
1349:
1324:
1300:
1275:
1248:
1177:
827:
466:
261:
94:
2980:
2945:
2858:
2825:
2708:
2675:
1820:
1434:
3076:
3041:
2984:
2949:
2914:
2863:
2798:
2755:
2713:
2699:
2656:
2613:
2556:
2521:
2470:
2435:
2386:
2327:
2270:
2208:
2154:
2103:
2052:
1995:
1960:
1911:
1860:
1824:
1788:
1750:
1719:
1701:
1662:
1644:
1597:
1528:
1479:
1438:
1403:
1354:
1305:
1253:
1204:
1169:
624:
307:
193:
140:
3027:
2849:
2810:
2767:
2568:
2490:"Genome Sequencing Reveals a Large and Diverse Repertoire of Antimicrobial Peptides"
2007:
1609:
1573:
1181:
225:
45:
3577:
3151:
3068:
3031:
3023:
2976:
2941:
2904:
2894:
2853:
2845:
2790:
2747:
2703:
2695:
2648:
2640:
2603:
2595:
2548:
2511:
2501:
2462:
2425:
2417:
2376:
2366:
2317:
2309:
2260:
2250:
2198:
2188:
2144:
2134:
2093:
2083:
2042:
2034:
1987:
1950:
1942:
1901:
1891:
1852:
1816:
1780:
1742:
1709:
1693:
1652:
1636:
1589:
1559:
1518:
1510:
1469:
1430:
1393:
1385:
1344:
1336:
1295:
1287:
1243:
1235:
1161:
411:
384:
295:
128:
2488:
Rezaei Javan R, van Tonder AJ, King JP, Harrold CL, Brueggemann AB (August 2018).
2290:"Plant-made Salmonella bacteriocins salmocins for control of Salmonella pathovars"
1991:
1880:"Lysostaphin: A Staphylococcal Bacteriolysin with Potential Clinical Applications"
273:
249:
106:
82:
58:
3190:
3185:
3072:
2371:
1239:
893:
MccE492 had been tested on eukaryotic cell lines and in a mouse model of cancer.
865:
237:
70:
1746:
549:. S-type pyocins belong to CLBs, but R- and F-type pyocins belong to tailocins.
2644:
2599:
2404:
Rooney WM, Grinter RW, Correia A, Parkhill J, Walker DC, Milner JJ (May 2020).
2313:
2235:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1784:
1514:
1421:
Michel-Briand Y, Baysse C (May 2002). "The pyocins of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa".
660:
2899:
2794:
2552:
633:
activity and broad range of activity. One example of Class IIa bacteriocin is
3646:
2751:
2676:"Antimicrobial activity of a newly identified bacteriocin of Bacillus cereus"
2506:
2193:
1705:
1648:
1067:
474:
375:
186:
2255:
2139:
1929:
Oman TJ, Boettcher JM, Wang H, Okalibe XN, van der Donk WA (February 2011).
1474:
1457:
1208:
3163:
3080:
3045:
2953:
2932:
Michel-Briand Y, Baysse C (2002). "The pyocins of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa".
2918:
2802:
2759:
2660:
2617:
2560:
2525:
2474:
2439:
2390:
2331:
2274:
2212:
2158:
2107:
2088:
2072:"BACTIBASE: a new web-accessible database for bacteriocin characterization"
2056:
1999:
1964:
1915:
1864:
1856:
1828:
1792:
1723:
1682:"Structural Basis of the Immunity Mechanisms of Pediocin-like Bacteriocins"
1666:
1601:
1564:
1547:
1532:
1483:
1442:
1407:
1358:
1309:
1257:
1173:
818:
736:
592:
450:
2988:
2867:
2717:
1458:"Ribosomally encoded antibacterial proteins and peptides from Pseudomonas"
1291:
3516:
3378:
2466:
2177:"Nanotechnology: A Valuable Strategy to Improve Bacteriocin Formulations"
2038:
1946:
1697:
1640:
1389:
1006:
710:
600:
446:
2652:
2344:
1593:
1372:
Behrens HM, Six A, Walker D, Kleanthous C (April 2017). Walker D (ed.).
1165:
792:
The bacteriocin
Putidacin L1 provides robust disease protection against
709:
degradation, thus causing cell lysis. The best studied bacteriolysin is
3599:
3582:
3180:
1340:
972:
771:
664:
616:
443:
431:
367:
2421:
2224:
2222:
1896:
1841:
197:
3609:
2121:
Hammami R, Zouhir A, Le Lay C, Ben Hamida J, Fliss I (January 2010).
1106:
958:
878:
849:
731:
Class IV bacteriocins are defined as complex bacteriocins containing
649:
402:
378:, all within a span of a few years. He called his first discovery a
2021:
de Jong A, van Hijum SA, Bijlsma JJ, Kok J, Kuipers OP (July 2006).
788:
3567:
3172:
3101:
2219:
1623:
Zhu, Liyan; Zeng, Jianwei; Wang, Chang; Wang, Jiawei (2022-02-08).
1072:
1023:
890:
679:
629:
526:
515:
470:
453:. However, efforts to reorganize the nomenclature of the family of
417:
398:
359:
232:
65:
2287:
1374:"The therapeutic potential of bacteriocins as protein antibiotics"
747:
Two databases of bacteriocins are available: BAGEL and BACTIBASE.
465:
Alternative methods of classification include: method of killing (
3541:
3536:
3496:
3486:
3471:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3431:
3147:
2487:
1077:
1031:
983:
944:
886:
765:
486:
478:
455:
ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide
406:
352:
348:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3303:
3159:
2347:"Plant-expressed pyocins for control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa"
1769:
1273:
1059:
936:
882:
823:
645:
546:
425:
In fact, one of the oldest known so-called colicins was called
327:
160:
2823:
3592:
3587:
3501:
3253:
3223:
3218:
2880:
2120:
1931:"Sublancin is not a lantibiotic but an S-linked glycopeptide"
1036:
756:
732:
713:, a 27 kDa peptide that hydrolyzes the cell walls of several
596:
490:
363:
355:
3001:
2824:
Mørtvedt CI, Nissen-Meyer J, Sletten K, Nes IF (June 1991).
2403:
2069:
1805:
1224:"André Gratia: a forerunner in microbial and viral genetics"
3619:
3614:
3531:
3521:
3511:
3506:
3316:
3213:
3195:
2674:
Naclerio G, Ricca E, Sacco M, De Felice M (December 1993).
2673:
2070:
Hammami R, Zouhir A, Ben Hamida J, Fliss I (October 2007).
289:
244:
220:
122:
77:
52:
40:
2780:
2020:
1371:
3526:
2733:"The circular bacteriocins gassericin A and circularin A"
2538:
2175:
Fahim HA, Khairalla AS, El-Gendy AO (16 September 2016).
1322:
782:
623:
Class IIa bacteriocins have a large potential for use in
2228:
1977:
1928:
2881:
Bogaardt C, van Tonder AJ, Brueggemann AB (July 2015).
2630:
2452:
2966:
2730:
2582:
Huang K, Zeng J, Liu X, Jiang T, Wang J (April 2021).
2174:
1736:
1680:
Zhu, Liyan; Zeng, Jianwei; Wang, Jiawei (2022-06-15).
1548:"What's in a name? Class distinction for bacteriocins"
627:
as well medical applications due to their strong anti-
2731:
Kawai Y, Kemperman R, Kok J, Saito T (October 2004).
1877:
690:, a four-peptide bacteriocin, highly active against
644:, which permeabilizes cell membranes for monovalent
2931:
2023:"BAGEL: a web-based bacteriocin genome mining tool"
1420:
1496:
485:), molecular weight and chemistry (large protein,
2783:World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology
2581:
1269:
1267:
856:As of 2014 some bacteriocins had been studied in
16:Class of bacterially produced peptide antibiotics
3644:
3058:
1878:Bastos MD, Coutinho BG, Coelho ML (April 2010).
1147:
1145:
696:, with potential biotechnological applications.
497:, post-ribosomal modifications, non-ribosomal).
3573:LDL-receptor-related protein-associated protein
1622:
1579:
1545:
1497:Vacheron J, Heiman CM, Keel C (January 2021).
1455:
1264:
1151:
578:
500:
477:production inhibition, etc.), genetics (large
3132:
1142:
804:(commonly known as Australian dwarf tobacco).
2170:
2168:
2114:
2063:
1578:is author reply to comment on article :
1546:Cotter PD, Hill C, Ross RP (February 2006).
811:
529:are bacteriocins found in the Gram-negative
521:
460:
2014:
1679:
3139:
3125:
2969:International Journal of Food Microbiology
2446:
1280:Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
185:
3369:Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein C
3364:Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B
3109:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
3035:
2908:
2898:
2857:
2707:
2607:
2515:
2505:
2429:
2380:
2370:
2321:
2264:
2254:
2202:
2192:
2165:
2148:
2138:
2097:
2087:
2046:
1954:
1905:
1895:
1713:
1656:
1563:
1522:
1473:
1397:
1348:
1299:
1247:
763:Furthermore, bacteriocins active against
699:
595:are small peptide inhibitors and include
1194:
816:Bacteriocins are made by non-pathogenic
787:
726:
606:
826:and help maintain the stability of the
760:target too narrow a range of microbes.
586:
561:Most well studied are the tailocins of
442:Bacteriocins that contain the modified
3645:
3008:Applied and Environmental Microbiology
2830:Applied and Environmental Microbiology
2680:Applied and Environmental Microbiology
1686:Applied and Environmental Microbiology
1629:Applied and Environmental Microbiology
1221:
449:as part of their structure are called
3633:other cell membrane protein disorders
3120:
2740:Current Protein & Peptide Science
2541:Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins
2633:Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
1773:Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
545:-genus produces bacteriocins called
3336:Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
1456:Ghequire MG, De Mot R (July 2014).
13:
14:
3664:
3090:
391:
2700:10.1128/AEM.59.12.4313-4316.1993
1378:Emerging Topics in Life Sciences
667:regions are covalentely linked.
3052:
3028:10.1128/aem.72.2.1459-1466.2006
2995:
2960:
2925:
2874:
2850:10.1128/AEM.57.6.1829-1834.1991
2817:
2774:
2724:
2667:
2624:
2575:
2532:
2481:
2397:
2338:
2281:
1971:
1922:
1871:
1835:
1799:
1763:
1730:
1673:
1616:
1539:
877:As of 2009, some bacteriocins,
671:is the prototype of this group.
3605:Phospholipid transfer proteins
3341:Myelin-associated glycoprotein
1490:
1449:
1414:
1365:
1316:
1215:
1188:
663:, in which the N-terminal and
1:
2981:10.1016/s0168-1605(96)01180-4
2946:10.1016/s0300-9084(02)01422-0
1992:10.1016/j.febslet.2011.01.023
1821:10.1016/S0022-2836(02)00368-6
1435:10.1016/S0300-9084(02)01422-0
1136:
284:Available protein structures:
180:Bacteriocin (Lactococcin_972)
117:Available protein structures:
3073:10.1016/j.micres.2012.01.005
2372:10.1371/journal.pone.0185782
2033:(Web Server issue): W273-9.
1845:Journal of Molecular Biology
1809:Journal of Molecular Biology
1582:Nature Reviews. Microbiology
1154:Nature Reviews. Microbiology
1131:Peripheral membrane proteins
742:
556:
509:
405:, and the bacteriocins from
7:
2410:Plant Biotechnology Journal
1747:10.1007/978-3-540-36604-1_4
1552:Nature Reviews Microbiology
1119:
833:
579:From Gram positive bacteria
501:From Gram negative bacteria
10:
3669:
3324:Myelin proteolipid protein
3097:Bagel Bacteriocin Database
2645:10.2174/138920109787048643
2600:10.1038/s41421-021-00253-6
2314:10.1038/s41598-018-22465-9
1785:10.2174/138920109787048661
1515:10.1038/s42003-020-01581-1
1240:10.1093/genetics/156.2.471
1222:Gratia JP (October 2000).
896:
3628:
3560:
3377:
3354:
3302:
3204:
3171:
2900:10.1186/s12864-015-1729-4
2795:10.1007/s11274-013-1368-3
2553:10.1007/s12602-014-9162-6
2494:Frontiers in Microbiology
2181:Frontiers in Microbiology
1462:FEMS Microbiology Reviews
874:against influenza virus.
871:Lactobacillus delbrueckii
812:Relevance to human health
522:Colicin-like bacteriocins
461:Methods of classification
409:. The bacteriocins from
326:
306:
288:
283:
279:
267:
255:
243:
231:
219:
211:
206:
184:
179:
159:
139:
121:
116:
112:
100:
88:
76:
64:
51:
39:
31:
26:
21:
3111:Medical Subject Headings
3061:Microbiological Research
2752:10.2174/1389203043379549
2507:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02012
2194:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01385
191:7.4 kDa Lactococcin 972
2256:10.1073/pnas.1513311112
2140:10.1186/1471-2180-10-22
1935:Nature Chemical Biology
1475:10.1111/1574-6976.12079
1329:Natural Product Reports
1197:Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol.
862:Newcastle disease virus
750:
382:because it was made by
22:Lactococcin-like family
2089:10.1186/1471-2180-7-89
2027:Nucleic Acids Research
1857:10.1006/jmbi.2001.4885
1565:10.1038/nrmicro1273-c2
1503:Communications Biology
1126:Antimicrobial peptides
805:
778:Pseudomonas aeruginosa
700:Class III bacteriocins
693:Listeria monocytogenes
659:Class IIc encompasses
654:transmembrane proteins
564:Pseudomonas aeruginosa
3156:Cell surface receptor
1292:10.1128/MMBR.00036-06
966:epidermin/gallidermin
801:Nicotiana benthamiana
791:
727:Class IV bacteriocins
717:species, principally
613:class II bacteriocins
607:Class II bacteriocins
3356:Pulmonary surfactant
3312:Myelin basic protein
3206:Membrane-spanning 4A
2467:10.7416/ai.2013.1946
1947:10.1038/nchembio.509
1698:10.1128/aem.00481-22
1641:10.1128/AEM.01992-21
1390:10.1042/ETLS20160016
795:Pseudomonas syringae
593:class I bacteriocins
587:Class I bacteriocins
514:See main article on
429:and is now known as
3346:Myelin protein zero
3020:2006ApEnM..72.1459W
2842:1991ApEnM..57.1829M
2692:1993ApEnM..59.4313N
2363:2017PLoSO..1285782P
2306:2018NatSR...8.4078S
2247:2015PNAS..112E5454S
1594:10.1038/nrmicro1273
1166:10.1038/nrmicro2937
537:and pesticins from
3102:BACTIBASE Database
2294:Scientific Reports
2039:10.1093/nar/gkl237
1741:. pp. 45–92.
1341:10.1039/c2np20085f
889:A and E1, and the
828:vaginal microbiome
806:
798:when expressed in
481:, small plasmids,
3640:
3639:
3152:membrane proteins
2422:10.1111/pbi.13294
1897:10.3390/ph3041139
1756:978-3-540-36603-4
1276:"Colicin biology"
625:food preservation
342:
341:
338:
337:
333:structure summary
175:
174:
171:
170:
166:structure summary
3660:
3141:
3134:
3127:
3118:
3117:
3085:
3084:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3039:
2999:
2993:
2992:
2964:
2958:
2957:
2940:(5–6): 499–510.
2929:
2923:
2922:
2912:
2902:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2861:
2821:
2815:
2814:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2737:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2711:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2611:
2579:
2573:
2572:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2519:
2509:
2485:
2479:
2478:
2455:Annali di Igiene
2450:
2444:
2443:
2433:
2416:(5): 1296–1306.
2401:
2395:
2394:
2384:
2374:
2357:(10): e0185782.
2342:
2336:
2335:
2325:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2268:
2258:
2241:(40): E5454-60.
2226:
2217:
2216:
2206:
2196:
2172:
2163:
2162:
2152:
2142:
2127:BMC Microbiology
2118:
2112:
2111:
2101:
2091:
2076:BMC Microbiology
2067:
2061:
2060:
2050:
2018:
2012:
2011:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1958:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1909:
1899:
1890:(4): 1139–1161.
1875:
1869:
1868:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1803:
1797:
1796:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1717:
1692:(13): e0048122.
1677:
1671:
1670:
1660:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1577:
1567:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1526:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1477:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1429:(5–6): 499–510.
1418:
1412:
1411:
1401:
1369:
1363:
1362:
1352:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1303:
1271:
1262:
1261:
1251:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1149:
281:
280:
200:
189:
177:
176:
114:
113:
19:
18:
3668:
3667:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3643:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3624:
3578:Neurofibromin 2
3561:Other/ungrouped
3556:
3373:
3350:
3298:
3200:
3167:
3145:
3093:
3088:
3057:
3053:
3000:
2996:
2965:
2961:
2930:
2926:
2879:
2875:
2822:
2818:
2789:(11): 1977–87.
2779:
2775:
2735:
2729:
2725:
2672:
2668:
2629:
2625:
2580:
2576:
2547:(3–4): 177–85.
2537:
2533:
2486:
2482:
2451:
2447:
2402:
2398:
2343:
2339:
2286:
2282:
2227:
2220:
2173:
2166:
2119:
2115:
2068:
2064:
2019:
2015:
1976:
1972:
1927:
1923:
1884:Pharmaceuticals
1876:
1872:
1840:
1836:
1804:
1800:
1768:
1764:
1757:
1735:
1731:
1678:
1674:
1635:(3): e0199221.
1621:
1617:
1544:
1540:
1495:
1491:
1454:
1450:
1419:
1415:
1370:
1366:
1321:
1317:
1272:
1265:
1220:
1216:
1193:
1189:
1150:
1143:
1139:
1122:
1117:
1020:microbisporicin
899:
866:influenza virus
836:
814:
753:
745:
729:
702:
669:Enterocin AS-48
661:cyclic peptides
609:
589:
581:
559:
524:
512:
503:
489:, with/without
463:
394:
257:OPM superfamily
215:Lactococcin_972
202:
192:
90:OPM superfamily
17:
12:
11:
5:
3666:
3656:
3655:
3638:
3637:
3629:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3596:
3595:
3590:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3564:
3562:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3383:
3381:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3366:
3360:
3358:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3308:
3306:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3210:
3208:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3177:
3175:
3169:
3168:
3144:
3143:
3136:
3129:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3104:
3099:
3092:
3091:External links
3089:
3087:
3086:
3051:
3014:(2): 1459–66.
2994:
2959:
2924:
2873:
2836:(6): 1829–34.
2816:
2773:
2723:
2686:(12): 4313–6.
2666:
2623:
2588:Cell Discovery
2574:
2531:
2480:
2445:
2396:
2337:
2280:
2218:
2164:
2113:
2062:
2013:
1970:
1921:
1870:
1834:
1798:
1762:
1755:
1729:
1672:
1615:
1588:(10): 777–88.
1538:
1489:
1448:
1413:
1364:
1315:
1286:(1): 158–229.
1263:
1214:
1187:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1128:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1062:
1057:
1056:pneumocyclicin
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1026:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
989:
986:
981:
978:
975:
970:
967:
964:
961:
956:
953:
950:
947:
942:
939:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
910:
907:
904:
900:
898:
895:
844:culture-based
835:
832:
813:
810:
752:
749:
744:
741:
728:
725:
715:Staphylococcus
701:
698:
684:
683:
672:
657:
638:
608:
605:
588:
585:
580:
577:
558:
555:
523:
520:
511:
508:
502:
499:
462:
459:
393:
392:Classification
390:
340:
339:
336:
335:
330:
324:
323:
310:
304:
303:
293:
286:
285:
277:
276:
271:
265:
264:
259:
253:
252:
247:
241:
240:
235:
229:
228:
223:
217:
216:
213:
209:
208:
204:
203:
190:
182:
181:
173:
172:
169:
168:
163:
157:
156:
143:
137:
136:
126:
119:
118:
110:
109:
104:
98:
97:
92:
86:
85:
80:
74:
73:
68:
62:
61:
56:
49:
48:
43:
37:
36:
33:
29:
28:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3665:
3654:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3635:
3634:
3627:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3585:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3559:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3357:
3353:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3325:
3322:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3305:
3301:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3207:
3203:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3174:
3170:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3142:
3137:
3135:
3130:
3128:
3123:
3122:
3119:
3112:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3055:
3047:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3009:
3005:
2998:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2975:(2): 145–56.
2974:
2970:
2963:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2928:
2920:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2877:
2869:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2820:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2777:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2734:
2727:
2719:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2670:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2627:
2619:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2578:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2535:
2527:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2484:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2461:(5): 443–56.
2460:
2456:
2449:
2441:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2400:
2392:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2341:
2333:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2284:
2276:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2225:
2223:
2214:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2171:
2169:
2160:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2117:
2109:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2066:
2058:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2017:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1986:(4): 645–50.
1985:
1981:
1974:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1925:
1917:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1874:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1851:(5): 939–49.
1850:
1846:
1838:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1815:(3): 745–56.
1814:
1810:
1802:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1766:
1758:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1733:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1676:
1668:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1619:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1542:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1493:
1485:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1468:(4): 523–68.
1467:
1463:
1459:
1452:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1417:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1368:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1335:(1): 108–60.
1334:
1330:
1326:
1319:
1311:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1270:
1268:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1218:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1199:(in French).
1198:
1191:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1160:(2): 95–105.
1159:
1155:
1148:
1146:
1141:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1068:reutericyclin
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1044:planosporicin
1043:
1041:paenibacillin
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
985:
982:
979:
976:
974:
971:
968:
965:
962:
960:
957:
954:
951:
948:
946:
943:
940:
938:
935:
932:
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
908:
905:
902:
901:
894:
892:
888:
884:
880:
875:
873:
872:
867:
863:
859:
854:
852:
851:
845:
841:
831:
829:
825:
821:
820:
809:
803:
802:
797:
796:
790:
786:
784:
780:
779:
774:
773:
768:
767:
761:
758:
748:
740:
738:
734:
724:
722:
721:
716:
712:
708:
697:
695:
694:
689:
681:
677:
673:
670:
666:
662:
658:
655:
651:
647:
643:
642:lactococcin G
639:
636:
635:pediocin PA-1
632:
631:
626:
622:
621:
620:
618:
614:
604:
602:
598:
594:
584:
576:
572:
568:
566:
565:
554:
550:
548:
544:
540:
539:Yersia pestis
536:
532:
528:
519:
517:
507:
498:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
475:peptidoglycan
472:
468:
458:
456:
452:
448:
445:
440:
436:
434:
433:
428:
424:
420:
419:
414:
413:
408:
404:
400:
389:
388:
386:
381:
377:
376:bacteriophage
371:
369:
365:
361:
357:
354:
350:
349:proteinaceous
346:
334:
331:
329:
325:
322:
318:
314:
311:
309:
305:
301:
297:
294:
291:
287:
282:
278:
275:
272:
270:
266:
263:
260:
258:
254:
251:
248:
246:
242:
239:
236:
234:
230:
227:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
205:
199:
195:
188:
183:
178:
167:
164:
162:
158:
155:
151:
147:
144:
142:
138:
134:
130:
127:
124:
120:
115:
111:
108:
105:
103:
99:
96:
93:
91:
87:
84:
81:
79:
75:
72:
69:
67:
63:
60:
57:
54:
50:
47:
44:
42:
38:
34:
30:
25:
20:
3653:Bacteriocins
3630:
3164:cytoskeleton
3154:(other than
3107:Bacteriocins
3067:(7): 381–7.
3064:
3060:
3054:
3011:
3007:
2997:
2972:
2968:
2962:
2937:
2933:
2927:
2890:
2887:BMC Genomics
2886:
2876:
2833:
2829:
2819:
2786:
2782:
2776:
2746:(5): 393–8.
2743:
2739:
2726:
2683:
2679:
2669:
2653:10533/142500
2639:(1): 74–85.
2636:
2632:
2626:
2591:
2587:
2577:
2544:
2540:
2534:
2497:
2493:
2483:
2458:
2454:
2448:
2413:
2409:
2399:
2354:
2350:
2340:
2297:
2293:
2283:
2238:
2234:
2184:
2180:
2130:
2126:
2116:
2079:
2075:
2065:
2030:
2026:
2016:
1983:
1980:FEBS Letters
1979:
1973:
1941:(2): 78–80.
1938:
1934:
1924:
1887:
1883:
1873:
1848:
1844:
1837:
1812:
1808:
1801:
1779:(1): 19–37.
1776:
1772:
1765:
1739:Bacteriocins
1738:
1732:
1689:
1685:
1675:
1632:
1628:
1618:
1585:
1581:
1555:
1551:
1541:
1506:
1502:
1492:
1465:
1461:
1451:
1426:
1422:
1416:
1384:(1): 65–74.
1381:
1377:
1367:
1332:
1328:
1318:
1283:
1279:
1234:(2): 471–6.
1231:
1227:
1217:
1200:
1196:
1190:
1157:
1153:
1100:trifolitoxin
1091:sulfolobicin
1064:reutericin 6
1017:mesentericin
977:gassericin A
941:circularin A
921:aureocin A70
918:aureocin A53
876:
869:
857:
855:
848:
837:
819:Lactobacilli
817:
815:
807:
799:
793:
776:
770:
764:
762:
755:As of 2016,
754:
746:
737:carbohydrate
730:
718:
714:
703:
691:
688:aureocin A70
687:
685:
676:aureocin A53
675:
668:
641:
634:
628:
610:
601:lantibiotics
590:
582:
573:
569:
562:
560:
551:
542:
538:
534:
530:
525:
513:
504:
467:pore-forming
464:
451:lantibiotics
441:
437:
430:
426:
422:
416:
410:
395:
383:
379:
372:
358:produced by
345:Bacteriocins
344:
343:
3379:Tetraspanin
2500:(9): 2012.
2300:(1): 4078.
1209:10027104803
1097:thuricin 17
1082:salivaricin
1053:plantaricin
1007:lysostaphin
997:lactococcin
988:haloduracin
963:enterolysin
930:carnocyclin
906:actagardine
711:lysostaphin
543:Pseudomonas
483:chromosomal
447:lanthionine
415:are called
269:OPM protein
207:Identifiers
102:OPM protein
35:Lactococcin
27:Identifiers
3583:Presenilin
2893:(1): 554.
1558:(2): 160.
1203:: 1040–2.
1137:References
1111:warnericin
1028:microcin S
1014:mersacidin
994:lactocin S
980:glycinecin
973:gardimycin
969:erwiniocin
949:curvaticin
847:developed
772:Salmonella
665:C-terminal
617:N-terminal
599:and other
535:Klebsiella
473:activity,
444:amino acid
432:microcin V
368:paramecium
296:structures
129:structures
3631:see also
3610:Dysferlin
2934:Biochimie
2594:(1): 20.
2133:(1): 22.
2082:(1): 89.
1706:1098-5336
1649:1098-5336
1509:(4): 87.
1423:Biochimie
1107:vibriocin
1094:tasmancin
1085:sublancin
1011:macedocin
1003:leucoccin
959:enterocin
955:duramycin
879:cytolysin
850:in silico
840:resistant
743:Databases
720:S. aureus
707:cell wall
680:proteases
650:potassium
557:Tailocins
516:microcins
510:Microcins
495:ribosomal
427:colicin V
403:microcins
238:IPR006540
71:IPR007464
3647:Category
3568:Calnexin
3173:Arrestin
3081:22381912
3046:16461700
2954:12423794
2919:26215050
2811:30931536
2803:23712477
2768:25735597
2760:15544534
2661:19149591
2618:33820910
2569:43785241
2561:24880436
2526:30210481
2475:24048183
2440:31705720
2391:28973027
2351:PLOS ONE
2332:29511259
2275:26351689
2213:27695440
2187:: 1385.
2159:20105292
2108:17941971
2057:16845009
2008:29992601
2000:21251913
1965:21196935
1916:27713293
1865:11531330
1829:12054867
1793:19149588
1724:35703550
1667:34851716
1610:19040535
1602:16205711
1574:29421506
1533:33469108
1484:24923764
1443:12423794
1408:33525816
1359:23165928
1310:17347522
1258:11014798
1228:Genetics
1182:37563756
1174:23268227
1120:See also
1114:warnerin
1103:variacin
1088:subtilin
1073:reuterin
1050:pentocin
1047:pediocin
1024:microcin
1000:lacticin
991:klebicin
952:divercin
933:caseicin
927:carnocin
915:aureocin
912:alveicin
903:acidocin
891:microcin
887:colicins
858:in vitro
834:Research
630:Listeria
527:Colicins
479:plasmids
471:nuclease
423:E. coli.
418:colicins
399:colicins
380:colicine
360:bacteria
353:peptidic
313:RCSB PDB
233:InterPro
146:RCSB PDB
66:InterPro
3552:TSPAN34
3547:TSPAN33
3542:TSPAN32
3537:TSPAN31
3532:TSPAN30
3527:TSPAN29
3522:TSPAN28
3517:TSPAN27
3512:TSPAN26
3507:TSPAN25
3502:TSPAN24
3497:TSPAN23
3492:TSPAN22
3487:TSPAN21
3482:TSPAN20
3477:TSPAN19
3472:TSPAN18
3467:TSPAN17
3462:TSPAN16
3457:TSPAN15
3452:TSPAN14
3447:TSPAN13
3442:TSPAN12
3437:TSPAN11
3432:TSPAN10
3160:enzymes
3150:: cell
3148:Protein
3037:1392966
3016:Bibcode
2989:9039561
2910:4517551
2868:1872611
2838:Bibcode
2718:8285719
2688:Bibcode
2609:8021565
2517:6120550
2431:7152609
2382:5626474
2359:Bibcode
2323:5840360
2302:Bibcode
2266:4603501
2243:Bibcode
2204:5026012
2150:2824694
2099:2211298
2048:1538908
1956:3060661
1907:4034026
1715:9275228
1658:8824269
1524:7815802
1399:7243282
1350:3954855
1301:1847374
1249:1461273
1078:sakacin
1032:mutacin
984:halocin
945:colicin
909:agrocin
897:By name
822:in the
766:E. coli
547:pyocins
531:E. coli
487:peptide
412:E. coli
407:Archaea
385:E. coli
226:PF09683
201:
46:PF04369
3427:TSPAN9
3422:TSPAN8
3417:TSPAN7
3412:TSPAN6
3407:TSPAN5
3402:TSPAN4
3397:TSPAN3
3392:TSPAN2
3387:TSPAN1
3304:Myelin
3294:MS4A18
3289:MS4A15
3284:MS4A14
3279:MS4A13
3274:MS4A12
3269:MS4A10
3259:MS4A8B
3249:MS4A6E
3244:MS4A6A
3234:MS4A4E
3229:MS4A4A
3162:, and
3113:(MeSH)
3079:
3044:
3034:
2987:
2952:
2917:
2907:
2866:
2859:183476
2856:
2809:
2801:
2766:
2758:
2716:
2709:195902
2706:
2659:
2616:
2606:
2567:
2559:
2524:
2514:
2473:
2438:
2428:
2389:
2379:
2330:
2320:
2273:
2263:
2211:
2201:
2157:
2147:
2106:
2096:
2055:
2045:
2006:
1998:
1963:
1953:
1914:
1904:
1863:
1827:
1791:
1753:
1722:
1712:
1704:
1665:
1655:
1647:
1608:
1600:
1572:
1531:
1521:
1482:
1441:
1406:
1396:
1357:
1347:
1308:
1298:
1256:
1246:
1207:
1180:
1172:
1060:pyocin
937:cerein
883:pyocin
824:vagina
646:sodium
401:, the
356:toxins
328:PDBsum
302:
292:
250:1.C.37
212:Symbol
161:PDBsum
135:
125:
83:1.C.22
59:CL0400
32:Symbol
3593:PSEN2
3588:PSEN1
3264:MS4A9
3254:MS4A7
3239:MS4A5
3224:MS4A3
3219:MS4A2
3214:MS4A1
3191:ARRB2
3186:ARRB1
2807:S2CID
2764:S2CID
2736:(PDF)
2565:S2CID
2004:S2CID
1606:S2CID
1570:S2CID
1178:S2CID
1037:nisin
924:bisin
757:nisin
733:lipid
597:nisin
491:sugar
364:yeast
3620:OTOF
3615:STRC
3329:PLP1
3317:PMP2
3196:ARR3
3077:PMID
3042:PMID
2985:PMID
2950:PMID
2915:PMID
2864:PMID
2799:PMID
2756:PMID
2714:PMID
2657:PMID
2614:PMID
2557:PMID
2522:PMID
2471:PMID
2436:PMID
2387:PMID
2328:PMID
2271:PMID
2209:PMID
2155:PMID
2104:PMID
2053:PMID
1996:PMID
1961:PMID
1912:PMID
1861:PMID
1825:PMID
1789:PMID
1751:ISBN
1720:PMID
1702:ISSN
1663:PMID
1645:ISSN
1598:PMID
1529:PMID
1480:PMID
1439:PMID
1404:PMID
1355:PMID
1306:PMID
1254:PMID
1205:NAID
1170:PMID
885:S2,
775:and
751:Uses
648:and
611:The
591:The
366:and
347:are
321:PDBj
317:PDBe
300:ECOD
290:Pfam
274:2lgn
245:TCDB
221:Pfam
198:2LGN
154:PDBj
150:PDBe
133:ECOD
123:Pfam
107:6gnz
78:TCDB
55:clan
53:Pfam
41:Pfam
3600:HFE
3181:SAG
3069:doi
3065:167
3032:PMC
3024:doi
2977:doi
2942:doi
2905:PMC
2895:doi
2854:PMC
2846:doi
2791:doi
2748:doi
2704:PMC
2696:doi
2649:hdl
2641:doi
2604:PMC
2596:doi
2549:doi
2512:PMC
2502:doi
2463:doi
2426:PMC
2418:doi
2377:PMC
2367:doi
2318:PMC
2310:doi
2261:PMC
2251:doi
2239:112
2199:PMC
2189:doi
2145:PMC
2135:doi
2094:PMC
2084:doi
2043:PMC
2035:doi
1988:doi
1984:585
1951:PMC
1943:doi
1902:PMC
1892:doi
1853:doi
1849:311
1817:doi
1813:319
1781:doi
1743:doi
1710:PMC
1694:doi
1653:PMC
1637:doi
1590:doi
1560:doi
1519:PMC
1511:doi
1470:doi
1431:doi
1394:PMC
1386:doi
1345:PMC
1337:doi
1296:PMC
1288:doi
1244:PMC
1236:doi
1232:156
1162:doi
783:FDA
735:or
351:or
308:PDB
262:457
194:PDB
141:PDB
95:141
3649::
3158:,
3075:.
3063:.
3040:.
3030:.
3022:.
3012:72
3010:.
3006:.
2983:.
2973:34
2971:.
2948:.
2938:84
2936:.
2913:.
2903:.
2891:16
2889:.
2885:.
2862:.
2852:.
2844:.
2834:57
2832:.
2828:.
2805:.
2797:.
2787:29
2785:.
2762:.
2754:.
2742:.
2738:.
2712:.
2702:.
2694:.
2684:59
2682:.
2678:.
2655:.
2647:.
2637:10
2635:.
2612:.
2602:.
2590:.
2586:.
2563:.
2555:.
2543:.
2520:.
2510:.
2496:.
2492:.
2469:.
2459:25
2457:.
2434:.
2424:.
2414:18
2412:.
2408:.
2385:.
2375:.
2365:.
2355:12
2353:.
2349:.
2326:.
2316:.
2308:.
2296:.
2292:.
2269:.
2259:.
2249:.
2237:.
2233:.
2221:^
2207:.
2197:.
2183:.
2179:.
2167:^
2153:.
2143:.
2131:10
2129:.
2125:.
2102:.
2092:.
2078:.
2074:.
2051:.
2041:.
2031:34
2029:.
2025:.
2002:.
1994:.
1982:.
1959:.
1949:.
1937:.
1933:.
1910:.
1900:.
1886:.
1882:.
1859:.
1847:.
1823:.
1811:.
1787:.
1777:10
1775:.
1749:.
1718:.
1708:.
1700:.
1690:88
1688:.
1684:.
1661:.
1651:.
1643:.
1633:88
1631:.
1627:.
1604:.
1596:.
1584:.
1568:.
1554:.
1550:.
1527:.
1517:.
1507:87
1505:.
1501:.
1478:.
1466:38
1464:.
1460:.
1437:.
1427:84
1425:.
1402:.
1392:.
1380:.
1376:.
1353:.
1343:.
1333:30
1331:.
1327:.
1304:.
1294:.
1284:71
1282:.
1278:.
1266:^
1252:.
1242:.
1230:.
1226:.
1201:93
1176:.
1168:.
1158:11
1156:.
1144:^
881:,
864:,
830:.
785:.
769:,
603:.
541:.
518:.
469:,
319:;
315:;
298:/
196::
152:;
148:;
131:/
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3140:e
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3083:.
3071::
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3026::
3018::
2991:.
2979::
2956:.
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2921:.
2897::
2870:.
2848::
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2793::
2770:.
2750::
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2720:.
2698::
2690::
2663:.
2651::
2643::
2620:.
2598::
2592:7
2571:.
2551::
2545:6
2528:.
2504::
2498:9
2477:.
2465::
2442:.
2420::
2393:.
2369::
2361::
2334:.
2312::
2304::
2298:8
2277:.
2253::
2245::
2215:.
2191::
2185:7
2161:.
2137::
2110:.
2086::
2080:7
2059:.
2037::
2010:.
1990::
1967:.
1945::
1939:7
1918:.
1894::
1888:3
1867:.
1855::
1831:.
1819::
1795:.
1783::
1759:.
1745::
1726:.
1696::
1669:.
1639::
1612:.
1592::
1586:3
1576:.
1562::
1556:4
1535:.
1513::
1486:.
1472::
1445:.
1433::
1410:.
1388::
1382:1
1361:.
1339::
1312:.
1290::
1260:.
1238::
1211:.
1184:.
1164::
682:.
637:.
387:.
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