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Bartolus developed many novel legal concepts, which became part of the civil law tradition. Among his most important contributions were those to the area of conflict of laws – a field of great importance in 14th century Italy, where every
269:
of the city-states of northern Italy, but into the cornerstone of a common discipline established by the Empire. While the city-states were internally self-governing, their mutual relationships were governed by the
623:
Politica e diritto nel trecento italiano. Il "De tyranno" di
Bartolo da Sassoferrato (1314–1357). Con l'edizione critica dei trattati "De Guelphis et Gebellinis", "De regimine civitatis", e "De tyranno"
185:
and his brothers
Angelus and Petrus became pupils of Bartolus. Bartolus died in Perugia at the age of 43, and was interred in the church of San Francisco with a monument inscribed with "Ossa Bartoli".
393:
205:
511:, 2 vols. (Città del Vaticano: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, 1986–1987). Volume 1: Codices Vaticani latini 541-2299; volume 2: Codices Vaticani latini 2300-2746.
227:
700:, ed. John A Marino and Thomas Kuehn (Toronto, Ont.: Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies, 2004), pp. 31–129. (Includes editions of parts of the
2011:
424:
2290:
497:
2285:
203:. He is also the author of a large number of treatises on specific subjects. Among these treatises is his famous book on the law relating to rivers (
188:
37:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
2255:
884:
321:
Due to
Bartolus' fame, his name was used for the character of a lawyer in many Italian plays and other works, for example Dr. Bartolo in
540:
2270:
1522:
476:
Izbicki, Thomas M., and
Patrick Lally, "Texts Attributed to Bartolus de Saxoferrato in North American Manuscript Collections,"
2280:
2275:
2260:
779:
765:
113:; 1313 – 13 July 1357) was an Italian law professor and one of the most prominent continental jurists of
1108:
760:
483:
Izbicki, Thomas M., "Additional Texts
Attributed to Bartolus de Saxoferrato in North American Manuscript Collections,"
718:
C. N. S. Woolf, Bartolus of
Sassoferrato: His Position in the History of Medieval Political Thought (Cambridge, 1913).
648:
577:
504:
In: Journal on
European History of Law, London: STS Science Centre, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 39–43, (ISSN 2042-6402).
2081:
2001:
1981:
199:
Despite his short life, Bartolus left an extraordinary number of works. He wrote commentaries on all parts of the
877:
795:
788:
559:
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he had worked on was not applicable, Bartolus was held in high esteem. He influenced civilian writers such as
246:, partisan divisions and the regimes of Italy's petty tyrants. His political thought balanced respect for the
174:
1971:
1482:
282:
Already famous in his lifetime, Bartolus was later regarded as the greatest jurist after the renaissance of
2041:
1910:
327:
2265:
1343:
2224:
870:
654:
1487:
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141:. His father was Franciscus Severi, and his mother was of the Alfani family. He read civil law at the
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991:
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1860:
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857:
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360:
286:. This is evident not only from the above-quoted saying, but also from the fact that statutes in
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683:
342:
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1467:
1379:
743:
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682:(Gloucester, Mass., P. Smith, 1964 ). Includes translations of Bartolus, "De tyrannia" and "De
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La
Tiberiade di Bartole da Sasferrato del modo di diuidere l'alluuioni, l'isole, & gl'aluei
346:
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90:
87:
2250:
2245:
2191:
1991:
1452:
200:
1790:
1577:
1512:
490:
Izbicki, Thomas M., "Manuscript Works of
Bartolus de Saxoferrato in the Vatican Library,"
8:
2031:
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907:
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1446 provided that his opinions should be followed where the Roman source texts and the
125:— no one is a good lawyer unless he is a Bartolist (i.e. a follower of Bartolus).
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1810:
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1212:
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A Renaissance of conflicts: visions and revisions of law and society in Italy and Spain
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1710:
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462:, 4 vols. (Frankfurt: Max-Planck-Institut für europäische Rechtsgeschichte, 1972).
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A grammar of signs: Bartolo da
Sassoferrato's Tract on insignia and coats of arms
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146:
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in 1431 for his critique of Bartolus' Latin style. Even in England, where the
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693:(Berkeley, CA: Robbins Collection, University of California at Berkeley, 1994).
161:, and graduated to doctor of law in 1334. In 1339 he started teaching first in
802:
587:
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Bartolus de Saxoferrato at the left on the title page of Benvenutus Straccha (
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121:. The admiration of later generations of civil lawyers is shown by the adage
118:
544:. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 451–452.
213:) written at the request of judges or private parties seeking legal advice.
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169:. He raised the character of Perugia's law school to a level with that of
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1961:
1935:
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had its own statutes and customs. Bartolus also dealt with a variety of
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Bartolo da Sassoferrato. Studi e Documenti per il VI centenario. Vol. 1
218:
173:, and this city made him an honorary citizen in 1348. In 1355, Emperor
2211:
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1925:
1800:
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1222:
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1103:
1023:
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A Catalogue of Canon and Roman Law Manuscripts in the Vatican Library
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283:
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Bartolus also wrote on political issues, including the legitimacy of
236:
862:
591:
2136:
1612:
1338:
1308:
1267:
1262:
1028:
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771:
291:
502:
Die Herrschereinsetzung aus der Sicht des Bartolus von Sassoferato
1374:
1237:
1018:
976:
959:
170:
166:
67:
558:
C Neff, Stephen (2018). "A short history of international law".
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1069:
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912:
533:
138:
52:
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with defense of the legitimacy of local Italian governments.
1242:
162:
460:
Verzeichnis der Handschriften zum römischen Recht bis 1600
117:. He belonged to the school known as the commentators or
713:
Bartolus on Social Conditions in the Fourteenth Century
659:
Geschichte des römischen Rechts im Mittelalter. Vol. 6
2012:
The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction
261:
defined a set of norms which enforced the reciprocal
383:(in Italian). Rome: eredi Giovanni Gigliotti. 1587.
133:Bartolus was born in the village of Venatura, near
797:In primam, secundam Infortiati partem commentaria
253:Bartolus is believed to be the first theorist of
2237:
858:Complete works by Bartolus at ParalipomenaIuris
790:In primam, secundam Codicis partem commentaria
467:Codices operum Bartoli a Saxoferrato recensiti
449:Codices operum Bartoli a Saxoferrato recensiti
878:
209:). There are also almost 400 legal opinions (
1120:
1074:
1060:
715:(New York: Columbia University Press, 1942).
553:
551:
2291:Academic staff of the University of Perugia
885:
871:
736:; Manson, Edward William Donoghue (eds.).
438:
365:(in Latin). Lyon: Thomas Berthelier. 1547.
548:
2286:Academic staff of the University of Pisa
728:
528:
492:Rivista Internazionale di Diritto Comune
187:
758:
2238:
564:. Oxford University Press. p. 7.
557:
507:Kuttner, Stephan, and Reinhard Elze,
418:) : De mercatura decisiones, 1671
892:
866:
826:Commentary on Digestum Novum, part 2
821:Commentary on Digestum Novum, part 1
816:Commentary on Digestum Vetus, part 2
766:Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani
696:Osvaldo Cavallar,"River of Law," in
433:, 1581 (Milano, Fondazione Mansutti)
811:Commentary on Digestum Vetus part 1
772:Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
13:
2256:People from the Province of Ancona
831:Commentary on three books of Codex
666:Bartolus and English Jurisprudence
362:Consilia, quaestiones et tractatus
193:Consilia, quaestiones et tractatus
123:nemo bonus Ăurista nisi bartolista
14:
2302:
722:
641:Novissimo Digesto Italiano. Vol 2
570:10.1093/he/9780198791836.003.0001
128:
2082:The Closing of the American Mind
2002:Civilization and Its Discontents
1982:A Vindication of Natural Society
768:, Volume 6: Baratteri–Bartolozzi
742:. London: John Murray. pp.
423:
407:
392:
36:
522:
1:
2271:14th-century writers in Latin
1972:Oration on the Dignity of Man
754:– via Internet Archive.
515:
2281:University of Bologna alumni
2276:University of Perugia alumni
2261:14th-century Italian jurists
2042:The Society of the Spectacle
635:Maria Ada Benedetto (1958).
371:De fluminibus seu Tyberiadis
328:The Barber of Seville (play)
206:De fluminibus seu Tyberiadis
7:
852:On the Government of a City
846:Translations of his tracts
841:Commentary on Codex, part 2
836:Commentary on Codex, part 1
759:Calasso, Francesco (1964).
399:1587 edition in Italian of
137:, in the Italian region of
10:
2307:
848:On Guelphs and Ghibellines
739:Great Jurists of the World
655:Friedrich Carl von Savigny
610:
465:GarcĂa y GarcĂa, Antonio,
235:but also some problems of
231:he discussed not only the
2220:
2124:
2112:Intellectuals and Society
2062:The Culture of Narcissism
1953:
1621:
1413:
1362:
1291:
1205:
1198:
1138:
900:
761:"BARTOLO da Sassoferrato"
689:Osvaldo Cavallar et al.,
625:, Olschki, Firenze, 1983.
473:(Firenze: Olschki, 1973).
455:(Firenze: Olschki, 1971).
277:
96:
83:
75:
60:
44:
35:
29:
28:
21:
2102:The Malaise of Modernity
2052:The History of Sexuality
1151:Catholic social teaching
353:
225:issues. In his treatise
2182:Philosophy of education
732:(1913). "BARTOLUS". In
664:Walter Ullmann (1962).
637:Bartolo da Sassoferrato
541:Encyclopædia Britannica
447:Casamassima, Emanuele,
439:Catalogs of manuscripts
111:Bartolo da Sassoferrato
107:Bartolus de Saxoferrato
30:Bartolo de Sassoferrato
23:Bartolus de Saxoferrato
1121:
1075:
1061:
684:Guelphis et Gebellinis
347:The Marriage of Figaro
302:was driven out of the
257:. He and his disciple
196:
2187:Philosophy of history
2177:Philosophy of culture
2072:A Conflict of Visions
805:De Insigniis et Armis
338:The Barber of Seville
228:De insigniis et armis
191:
177:appointed him as his
151:University of Bologna
143:University of Perugia
91:University of Bologna
88:University of Perugia
16:Italian law professor
2192:Political philosophy
1992:Democracy in America
770:(in Italian). Rome:
680:Humanism and Tyranny
594:on December 19, 2022
298:gloss were silent.
201:Corpus Juris Civilis
2032:One-Dimensional Man
661:. pp. 137–184.
651:. pp. 279–280.
494:23 (2012): 147-210.
487:55 (2011): 146–155.
480:35 (1991): 146–155.
323:Pierre Beaumarchais
304:University of Pavia
2266:Italian heraldists
2152:Cultural pessimism
2147:Cultural criticism
1046:National character
498:Krafzik, Sebastian
272:Holy Roman Emperor
223:constitutional law
197:
115:Medieval Roman Law
2233:
2232:
1949:
1948:
1094:Spontaneous order
1084:Social alienation
933:Cultural heritage
894:Social philosophy
730:Rattigan, William
711:Anna T. Sheedy,
672:. pp. 47–73.
630:Secondary sources
621:Diego Quaglioni,
561:International Law
458:Dolezalek, Gero,
416:Benvenuto Stracca
333:Gioachino Rossini
259:Baldus of Ubaldis
255:international law
183:Baldus de Ubaldis
104:
103:
2298:
2197:Social criticism
2117:
2107:
2097:
2087:
2077:
2067:
2057:
2047:
2037:
2027:
2017:
2007:
1997:
1987:
1977:
1967:
1203:
1202:
1185:Frankfurt School
1163:Communitarianism
1126:
1080:
1066:
887:
880:
873:
864:
863:
785:
781:978-8-81200032-6
755:
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603:
601:
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590:. Archived from
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535:"Bartolus"
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312:Alberico Gentili
244:city governments
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18:
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2142:Critical theory
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1146:Budapest School
1134:
923:Cosmopolitanism
896:
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782:
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734:Macdonell, John
725:
676:Ephraim Emerton
616:Primary sources
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2022:The Second Sex
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1994:
1993:
1989:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1861:Radhakrishnan
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
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1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
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1799:
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1779:
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1769:
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1664:
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1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1622:20th and 21st
1620:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
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1589:
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1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1414:18th and 19th
1412:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
998:
995:
994:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
966:
963:
962:
961:
958:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
940:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
905:
903:
899:
895:
888:
883:
881:
876:
874:
869:
868:
865:
859:
856:
854:
853:
849:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
806:
801:
799:
798:
794:
792:
791:
787:
783:
777:
773:
769:
767:
762:
757:
745:
741:
740:
735:
731:
727:
726:
717:
714:
710:
707:
703:
699:
695:
692:
688:
685:
681:
677:
674:
671:
667:
663:
660:
656:
653:
650:
649:88-02-01797-2
646:
642:
638:
634:
633:
629:
628:
624:
620:
619:
615:
614:
593:
589:
585:
581:
579:9780198791836
575:
571:
567:
563:
562:
554:
552:
543:
542:
536:
531:
525:
521:
510:
506:
503:
499:
496:
493:
489:
486:
482:
479:
475:
472:
468:
464:
461:
457:
454:
450:
446:
445:
444:
432:
426:
421:
417:
410:
405:
402:
401:De fluminibus
395:
390:
389:
382:
381:
376:
375:
372:
368:
364:
363:
358:
357:
351:
349:
348:
344:
340:
339:
334:
330:
329:
324:
319:
317:
316:Richard Zouch
313:
309:
305:
301:
300:Lorenzo Valla
297:
293:
289:
285:
275:
273:
268:
264:
260:
256:
251:
249:
245:
240:
238:
234:
230:
229:
224:
220:
214:
212:
208:
207:
202:
194:
190:
186:
184:
181:. In Perugia
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
149:, and in the
148:
144:
140:
136:
126:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
100:Law professor
99:
95:
92:
89:
86:
82:
78:
74:
69:
63:
59:
54:
47:
43:
39:
34:
27:
20:
2110:
2100:
2090:
2080:
2070:
2060:
2050:
2040:
2030:
2020:
2010:
2000:
1990:
1980:
1970:
1960:
1380:Guicciardini
1363:Early modern
1199:Philosophers
1173:Conservatism
1168:Confucianism
1156:Distributism
1089:Social norms
1077:Sittlichkeit
1063:Ressentiment
1009:Institutions
987:Human nature
851:
847:
804:
796:
789:
764:
748:. Retrieved
738:
712:
705:
701:
697:
690:
679:
669:
665:
658:
640:
636:
622:
596:. Retrieved
592:the original
560:
539:
524:
508:
501:
491:
484:
477:
470:
466:
459:
452:
448:
442:
430:
400:
379:
370:
361:
345:
336:
331:, and hence
326:
320:
281:
263:independency
252:
241:
226:
215:
210:
204:
198:
192:
179:consiliarius
178:
135:Sassoferrato
132:
122:
110:
106:
105:
64:13 July 1357
2251:1357 deaths
2246:1313 births
2167:Historicism
1996:(1835–1840)
1962:De Officiis
1686:de Beauvoir
1656:Baudrillard
1608:Vivekananda
1598:Tocqueville
1513:Kierkegaard
1329:Ibn Khaldun
1299:Alpharabius
1190:Personalism
1099:Stewardship
1056:Reification
1051:Natural law
972:Familialism
938:Culturalism
485:Manuscripta
478:Manuscripta
431:Opera omnia
373:(in Latin).
233:law of Arms
76:Nationality
2240:Categories
2172:Humanities
2132:Agnotology
1791:Kołakowski
1354:Ibn Tufayl
1334:Maimonides
1278:Thucydides
1273:Tertullian
1228:Lactantius
1123:Volksgeist
1104:Traditions
918:Convention
803:Bartolo's
702:Tyberiadis
588:1052766069
516:References
443:Catalogs:
219:city-state
175:Charles IV
165:, then in
109:(Italian:
97:Occupation
51:Venatura,
2212:Sociology
2162:Historism
1871:Santayana
1841:Oakeshott
1811:MacIntyre
1796:Kropotkin
1771:Heidegger
1624:centuries
1538:Nietzsche
1503:Jefferson
1488:Helvétius
1453:Condorcet
1416:centuries
1400:Montaigne
1223:Confucius
1213:Augustine
1130:Worldview
1024:Modernity
997:Formation
706:consilium
704:and of a
335:'s opera
308:civil law
296:Accursian
284:Roman law
237:trademark
2225:Category
2137:Axiology
2125:See also
1916:Voegelin
1906:Spengler
1881:Shariati
1836:Nussbaum
1821:Maritain
1781:Irigaray
1761:Habermas
1726:Foucault
1711:Durkheim
1613:Voltaire
1578:de Staël
1553:Rousseau
1478:Franklin
1339:Muhammad
1324:Gelasius
1309:Avempace
1292:Medieval
1268:Polybius
1263:Plutarch
1029:Morality
1004:Ideology
992:Identity
901:Concepts
657:(1850).
343:Mozart's
292:Portugal
267:autonomy
211:consilia
155:Oldradus
1966:(44 BC)
1896:Sombart
1891:Skinner
1876:Scruton
1856:Polanyi
1831:Niebuhr
1816:Marcuse
1751:Gramsci
1746:Gentile
1706:Du Bois
1696:Deleuze
1666:Benoist
1636:Agamben
1593:Thoreau
1583:Stirner
1573:Spencer
1523:Le Play
1473:Fourier
1458:Emerson
1443:Carlyle
1428:Bentham
1405:MĂĽntzer
1375:Erasmus
1349:Plethon
1344:Photios
1304:Aquinas
1238:Mencius
1206:Ancient
1139:Schools
1019:Loyalty
977:History
965:Counter
960:Culture
928:Customs
750:9 March
611:Sources
598:May 21,
171:Bologna
167:Perugia
159:Belviso
79:Italian
70:, Italy
68:Perugia
55:, Italy
2157:Ethics
2116:(2010)
2106:(1991)
2096:(1990)
2086:(1987)
2076:(1987)
2066:(1979)
2056:(1976)
2046:(1967)
2036:(1964)
2026:(1949)
2016:(1935)
2006:(1930)
1986:(1756)
1976:(1486)
1921:Walzer
1911:Taylor
1901:Sowell
1886:Simmel
1851:Pareto
1846:Ortega
1756:Guénon
1741:Gehlen
1736:Gandhi
1691:Debord
1676:Butler
1671:Berlin
1661:Bauman
1651:Badiou
1641:Arendt
1631:Adorno
1563:Ruskin
1518:Le Bon
1493:Herder
1468:Fichte
1463:Engels
1433:Bonald
1423:Arnold
1395:Milton
1390:Luther
1370:Calvin
1248:Origen
1218:Cicero
1178:Social
1114:Family
1109:Values
1070:Rights
1034:Public
982:Honour
913:Anomie
908:Agency
778:
647:
586:
576:
278:Legacy
248:Empire
195:, 1547
153:under
145:under
139:Marche
53:Marche
1954:Works
1941:Žižek
1926:Weber
1866:Röpke
1826:Negri
1806:Lasch
1776:Hoppe
1731:Fromm
1721:Evola
1701:Dewey
1681:Camus
1588:Taine
1568:Smith
1558:Royce
1548:Renan
1483:Hegel
1448:Comte
1438:Burke
1385:Locke
1319:Dante
1314:Bruni
1283:Xunzi
1258:Plato
1253:Philo
1233:Laozi
1041:Mores
953:Multi
943:Inter
668:. In
639:. In
354:Works
288:Spain
239:law.
147:Cinus
1936:Zinn
1931:Weil
1801:Land
1786:Kirk
1646:Aron
1603:Vico
1543:Owen
1533:Mill
1528:Marx
1508:Kant
1498:Hume
1243:Mozi
948:Mono
850:and
776:ISBN
752:2019
645:ISBN
600:2021
584:OCLC
574:ISBN
341:and
314:and
265:and
163:Pisa
157:and
61:Died
48:1313
45:Born
1766:Han
1716:Eco
746:-57
566:doi
469:2,
451:1,
2242::
774:.
763:.
744:45
708:.)
686:".
678:,
643:.
582:.
572:.
550:^
538:.
500::
350:.
325:'
318:.
274:.
886:e
879:t
872:v
784:.
602:.
568::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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