1430:. . . upon separating from the army on Tuesday, 22 Sawall , he ran into the train of the pig Ramiro ibn Sancho, and he followed said train, sending to tell the chief of the advance posts about the mountain BĂĄrdena, on the other side of the river Ebro: "Carefully keep watch for a large troop of cavalry that, at dawn, will cross in the direction of the river". In effect, little time passed before the alarm was given that the enemy had appeared beside the town of Estercuel (a half a day's ride from the city of Tudela, on the royal road that comes up from Zaragoza) and before some Christian cavalry forces had scattered throughout the region, to the right and to the left, in the manner of a raid, and were going about seizing whatever booty they encountered and taking captive five men who were out fishing in those valleys.
39:
1506:
The battle at Gormaz took place on 28 June 975, and Ibn Hayyan records the presence of "Sancho ibn GarcĂa ibn Sancho, el VascĂłn, señor de
Pamplona", making it difficult for Sancho II to have also been with Ramiro at Estercuel only days later, cf. Alberto Cañada Juste (1981), "Un milenario navarro:
1446:, Ramiro's chief castle, thinking that the governor of Zaragoza was away in Gormaz. Surprised by the Muslim presence, Ramiro made for the Christian castle of al-Qastil, harassed by the Muslims all the way. According to Ibn Hayyan, the Muslims pursued the Christians until the
1360:
121:
1520:"ibn Sancho" is an error for "ibn GarcĂa", an understandable mistake for a foreigner working with transcriptions, especially considering the profusion of Sanchos and GarcĂas in the Navarrese royal family, cf. Cañada Juste, 30.
1043:
584:
1479:(captains) Ăñigo VelĂĄzquez, Ăñigo GalĂndez, and GarcĂa ibn Salit. Another forty-seven were captured and, among Ramiro's baggage, were found a silver-plated horn for calling the troops and a banner.
507:
1387:
350:
926:
554:
649:
819:
1490:
later in 975. It has been speculated that he may have been exchanged for the liberty of Sancho II, who may have participated in and been captured at the battle of
Estercuel.
988:
983:
973:
889:
517:
477:
604:
594:
542:
537:
921:
1192:
1630:
744:
492:
953:
814:
176:
993:
1256:
1251:
1475:
Although Ramiro made it to safety, thirty-three of his men were killed, among them FortĂșn
Mahunis, FortĂșn LĂłpez, Jimeno FortĂșn, and the
1452:, the afternoon prayer. Probably this chase took place over the semiarid Bardenas mountains, terminating in the wooded valley of the
624:
1410:
was on the road to
Zaragoza when he encountered a Christian army under Ramiro Garcés. The chief source for the encounter is the
1576:
345:
169:
1640:
340:
1645:
1625:
1145:
1018:
784:
512:
874:
1635:
1403:
1028:
654:
162:
574:
1321:
978:
273:
263:
998:
1095:
906:
599:
318:
619:
1175:
1100:
360:
639:
589:
1342:
849:
809:
116:
1207:
1048:
629:
335:
313:
216:
1085:
1058:
963:
911:
779:
739:
664:
1217:
1212:
1170:
1115:
1090:
1080:
1053:
709:
669:
308:
236:
47:, "king Ramiro", according to the superscription), bearing the sword and holding a sceptre, from the
1296:
1237:
1033:
569:
1306:
1222:
1197:
1150:
1120:
1110:
1075:
724:
689:
679:
268:
258:
211:
844:
407:
1620:
1383:
1202:
799:
769:
729:
634:
462:
432:
422:
390:
355:
293:
283:
38:
1443:
1346:
1140:
1130:
943:
916:
749:
104:
1284:
1279:
901:
879:
864:
859:
774:
719:
579:
502:
472:
380:
298:
221:
1423:
1398:, Ramiro's half-brother, were also engaged at Gormaz, where they were defeated alongside the
1395:
1301:
1023:
1013:
714:
694:
288:
1274:
1187:
1008:
804:
609:
564:
559:
437:
303:
246:
231:
936:
794:
764:
754:
8:
1391:
1316:
931:
829:
614:
532:
452:
206:
527:
1372:
1338:
1311:
1135:
1063:
968:
824:
734:
482:
447:
370:
365:
99:
1399:
1291:
1165:
1155:
1125:
958:
884:
839:
834:
789:
699:
659:
644:
522:
467:
442:
402:
278:
241:
1487:
1386:
in the spring, but he appears to have left the expedition before the victory at the
1269:
412:
1563:
Antonio Ubieto Arteta (1950), "Monarcas navarros olvidados: los reyes de
Viguera",
1461:
1232:
1160:
1038:
1003:
674:
417:
1442:
learned that the
Christian army numbered some 500 cavalrymen who had marched from
1469:
948:
759:
684:
487:
457:
427:
385:
226:
74:
49:
1453:
1105:
869:
854:
704:
497:
1609:
1591:
1578:
330:
154:
1438:
at a ford and soon had lost four men and one captured. From the captive the
1615:
1483:
1457:
1227:
188:
29:
1531:
El condado de
Castilla, 711–1038: La historia frente a la leyenda
1482:
Ramiro's younger brother, Jimeno, appears as a hostage at the court of
1415:
1364:
1418:, whose account of these years is derived directly from the so-called
1465:
1356:
1368:
1435:
1371:
frontier, was a victory for the
Caliphate. Several leading
1351:
1511:, 41(162), 30; for the background to Estercuel, see p. 29.
1448:
1382:
of
Zaragoza had been a participant in the campaign of
1337:took place on 6 July 975 between the forces of the
1607:
1468:. The site of Estercuel was to the southeast of
73:Estercuel, now know as Ribaforada, southeast of
184:
1375:magnates were killed and Ramiro was injured.
170:
43:Contemporary miniature of Ramiro of Viguera (
1434:The disorderly Christians crossed the river
1631:Battles involving the Caliphate of CĂłrdoba
177:
163:
1363:. The battle, a typical skirmish of the
1608:
1541:
1539:
158:
16:10th-century battle in Muslim Iberia
1536:
13:
14:
1657:
1507:Ramiro Garcés, rey de Viguera",
37:
1388:Battle of San Esteban de Gormaz
1557:
1548:
1529:Gonzalo MartĂnez DĂez (2005),
1523:
1514:
1500:
1:
1533:(Marcial Pons Historia), 480.
1493:
7:
1641:Military history of Navarre
1246:Post-Reconquista Rebellions
10:
1662:
1646:Battles of the Reconquista
1626:10th century in al-Andalus
1390:in 978. The forces of the
351:2nd San Esteban de Gormaz
346:1st San Esteban de Gormaz
197:
140:
127:
110:
93:
56:
36:
26:
21:
117:Ramiro Garcés of Viguera
1636:10th century in Navarre
1422:("palatine annals") of
1396:Sancho II Garcés Abarca
1384:Galib ibn Abd al-Rahman
1592:42.008304°N 1.512472°W
1432:
111:Commanders and leaders
1472:, today uninhabited.
1428:
1424:Isa ibn Ahmad al-Razi
341:Pallars and Ribagorza
141:Casualties and losses
1597:42.008304; -1.512472
1567:, 10(38), 6 note 10.
1347:Caliphate of CĂłrdoba
1228:2nd Granada campaign
625:2nd Balearic Islands
600:1st Balearic Islands
105:Caliphate of CĂłrdoba
1588: /
1554:MartĂnez DĂez, 481.
1456:, in the region of
1392:Kingdom of Pamplona
1345:, and those of the
1335:Battle of Estercuel
907:Las Navas de Tolosa
22:Battle of Estercuel
1339:Kingdom of Viguera
1101:Shepherds' Crusade
912:3rd AlcĂĄcer do Sal
875:2nd AlcĂĄcer do Sal
785:1st AlcĂĄcer do Sal
274:2nd Roncevaux Pass
212:1st Roncevaux Pass
100:Kingdom of Viguera
1545:Cañada Juste, 30.
1509:PrĂncipe de Viana
1330:
1329:
508:AlmodĂłvar del RĂo
153:
152:
89:
88:
1653:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1568:
1561:
1555:
1552:
1546:
1543:
1534:
1527:
1521:
1518:
1512:
1504:
1462:Murillo el Fruto
1420:Anales palatinos
1404:GarcĂa FernĂĄndez
192:
179:
172:
165:
156:
155:
85:CĂłrdoban victory
58:
57:
41:
19:
18:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1606:
1605:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1587:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1571:
1562:
1558:
1553:
1549:
1544:
1537:
1528:
1524:
1519:
1515:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1331:
1326:
1261:
1213:Los Alporchones
1096:Vega de Granada
193:
186:Battles in the
185:
183:
77:
50:Codex Vigilanus
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1659:
1649:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1621:970s conflicts
1618:
1570:
1569:
1556:
1547:
1535:
1522:
1513:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1260:
1259:
1257:2nd Alpujarras
1254:
1252:1st Alpujarras
1248:
1247:
1243:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1235:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1121:Vega de Pagana
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1019:Mudéjar revolt
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
940:
939:
929:
927:Aragonese raid
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
898:
897:
893:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
815:Central Iberia
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
575:Norwegian raid
572:
567:
562:
557:
551:
550:
546:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
399:
398:
394:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
327:
326:
322:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
296:
291:
286:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
255:
254:
250:
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
219:
214:
209:
203:
202:
198:
195:
194:
182:
181:
174:
167:
159:
151:
150:
147:
143:
142:
138:
137:
134:
130:
129:
125:
124:
119:
113:
112:
108:
107:
102:
96:
95:
91:
90:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
72:
70:
66:
65:
62:
54:
53:
34:
33:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1658:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1604:
1601:
1566:
1560:
1551:
1542:
1540:
1532:
1526:
1517:
1510:
1503:
1499:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1480:
1478:
1473:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1431:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1348:
1344:
1343:Ramiro Garcés
1341:, under king
1340:
1336:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1223:9th Gibraltar
1221:
1219:
1218:8th Gibraltar
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1208:7th Gibraltar
1206:
1204:
1203:La Higueruela
1201:
1199:
1198:6th Gibraltar
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1171:5th Algeciras
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1151:5th Gibraltar
1149:
1147:
1146:4th Algeciras
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1116:4th Gibraltar
1114:
1112:
1111:3rd Gibraltar
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1091:2nd Gibraltar
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1081:3rd Algeciras
1079:
1077:
1076:1st Gibraltar
1074:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1054:2nd Algeciras
1052:
1050:
1049:1st Algeciras
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
938:
935:
934:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
899:
895:
894:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
552:
548:
547:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
463:Piedra Pisada
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
423:Aqbat al-Bakr
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
400:
396:
395:
392:
391:3rd Barcelona
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
356:Valdejunquera
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
331:Day of Zamora
329:
328:
324:
323:
320:
319:2nd Barcelona
317:
315:
314:2nd Cellorigo
312:
310:
309:1st Cellorigo
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
294:Monte Laturce
292:
290:
287:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
262:
260:
259:1st Barcelona
257:
256:
252:
251:
248:
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
228:
225:
223:
220:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
204:
200:
199:
196:
191:
190:
180:
175:
173:
168:
166:
161:
160:
157:
148:
145:
144:
139:
135:
132:
131:
126:
123:
120:
118:
115:
114:
109:
106:
103:
101:
98:
97:
92:
84:
81:
80:
76:
71:
68:
67:
63:
60:
59:
55:
52:
51:
46:
45:Ranimirus rex
40:
35:
32:
31:
25:
20:
1573:
1564:
1559:
1550:
1530:
1525:
1516:
1508:
1502:
1481:
1476:
1474:
1454:river AragĂłn
1447:
1439:
1433:
1429:
1419:
1411:
1407:
1379:
1377:
1350:
1349:, under the
1334:
1332:
1264:North Africa
1182:15th century
1070:14th century
974:4th Valencia
896:13th century
850:4th Santarém
810:3rd Santarém
750:2nd Santarém
670:3rd Valencia
640:2nd Zaragoza
620:1st Santarém
555:2nd Valencia
549:12th century
513:1st Valencia
478:1st Zaragoza
397:11th century
381:Torrevicente
375:
325:10th century
222:Orbieu River
217:Burbia River
187:
94:Belligerents
48:
44:
28:
27:Part of the
1595: /
1484:al-Hakam II
1458:Carcastillo
1322:2nd Tangier
1307:1st Tangier
1166:2nd Montiel
1086:3rd AlmerĂa
1004:3rd Seville
932:2nd Majorca
835:2nd Seville
800:2nd Badajoz
780:2nd AlmerĂa
770:2nd Tortosa
740:1st AlmerĂa
725:1st Montiel
680:1st Badajoz
655:1st Granada
408:Calatañazor
336:1st Majorca
289:Guadalacete
264:1st Tortosa
253:9th century
201:8th century
189:Reconquista
133:500 cavalry
30:Reconquista
1610:Categories
1580:42°00âČ30âłN
1494:References
1416:Ibn Hayyan
1400:Castilians
1188:Collejares
1176:2nd Murcia
1141:GuadalmesĂ
1131:RĂo Salado
1029:1st Murcia
989:2nd XĂ tiva
984:1st XĂ tiva
880:2nd Silves
865:2nd Silves
860:1st Silves
775:2nd Lleida
760:5th Lisbon
720:4th Lisbon
650:1st Lleida
610:Candespina
605:6th Toledo
590:Formentera
580:3rd Lisbon
560:Mollerussa
543:5th Toledo
538:4th Toledo
518:2nd Lisbon
503:3rd Toledo
473:2nd Toledo
361:1st Toledo
304:Polvoraria
247:1st Lisbon
237:RĂo QuirĂłs
232:Las Babias
149:few if any
64:6 July 975
1583:1°30âČ45âłW
1466:Santacara
1373:Navarrese
1365:Christian
1361:al-Tuyibi
1302:4nd Ceuta
1292:3nd Ceuta
1285:2nd Ceuta
1280:1st Ceuta
1193:Antequera
1044:Andalusia
1024:3rd Jerez
1014:2nd Jerez
949:1st Jerez
922:PenĂscola
890:Talamanca
845:2nd Ăvora
830:Calatrava
820:Tarragona
805:Juromenha
795:1st Ăvora
745:Al-Ludjdj
715:2nd Coria
695:1st Coria
630:Martorell
615:Vatalandi
533:Consuegra
453:Golpejera
438:Barbastro
376:Estercuel
207:Covadonga
122:al-Tuyibi
1565:Hispania
1477:adalides
1412:Muqtabis
1394:, under
1357:Zaragoza
1136:Estepona
1064:Iznalloz
999:3rd Jaén
959:Burriana
944:2nd Jaén
917:1st Jaén
902:Al-DÄmĆ«s
840:Abrantes
735:Albacete
710:Trancoso
585:Talavera
565:Balaguer
483:Sagrajas
448:Llantada
371:Simancas
366:Alhandic
299:Morcuera
269:Pancorbo
136:superior
128:Strength
69:Location
1488:CĂłrdoba
1367:–
1317:Melilla
1297:TĂ©touan
1156:Linuesa
1126:Getares
979:Algarve
969:El Puig
964:CĂłrdoba
937:PortopĂ
885:Alarcos
790:Palmela
765:Sacavém
755:Sacavém
700:Ourique
660:Corbins
645:Cutanda
635:Coimbra
523:Alcoraz
468:Morella
443:Paterna
433:Coimbra
403:Cervera
284:Albelda
279:Clavijo
1470:Tudela
1464:, and
1406:. The
1402:under
1369:Muslim
1312:Asilah
1275:Strait
1238:MĂĄlaga
1233:Lucena
1161:Guadix
1059:MoclĂn
1039:Martos
825:Cuenca
690:Leiria
665:AlcalĂĄ
528:Bairén
488:Tudela
418:Albesa
242:Oviedo
146:33 men
82:Result
75:Tudela
1034:Ăcija
870:Tomar
855:Alvor
730:Soure
705:Oreja
685:Fraga
675:Aceca
595:Ibiza
570:Uclés
498:Aledo
493:TĂ©var
458:Cabra
428:Graus
386:Rueda
227:Lutos
1440:kaid
1436:Ebro
1408:kaid
1380:kaid
1378:The
1352:kaid
1333:The
1270:Salé
1106:Teba
1009:Faro
994:Biar
954:Ares
413:TorĂ
61:Date
1616:975
1486:in
1449:asr
1444:Sos
1414:of
1355:of
1612::
1538:^
1460:,
1426::
1359:,
178:e
171:t
164:v
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