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their supply vessels but were unable to fight their way through deep snow drifts and were forced to retire to the stone house. The fighting continued until the next morning when a cease fire was arranged to end the stand-off as the French were unable to storm the stone house while the
British were running out of ammunition and food. This truce stood throughout the day and the following morning the New Englanders agreed to capitulate under honourable terms. Captain Charles Morris reported sixty-seven New England troops killed, including their commander Col. Noble, along with upwards of forty taken prisoner, and forty more being wounded or sick. Morris estimated the French had lost 30 men but that the Acadians later "affirmed they saw buried by both parties one hundred and twenty men." This would put the French losses at fifty-three.
554:
542:, and Colonel Gorham's Rangers. Colonel Noble arrived by sea with an additional one hundred men in early January 1747. In all there were approximately five hundred New England troops stationed at Grand Pré. Initially the troops were billeted at Grand Pré and several communities nearby. Upon Noble's arrival he ordered the troops brought into Grand Pré where they were billeted in twenty-four houses that extended across the village for nearly two and a half miles. At this early stage some of the Inhabitants at Grand Pré warned the New Englanders that "Messr. Ramezay had conceived some design" to attack them. The warning was ignored as the New Englanders felt it was "impracticable" to project such an attack that would mean a long march through deep snow and across "rivers being froze with ice floating up and down".
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march back through deep snow, unassisted by snowshoes, caused the New
Englanders to suffer "extreme fatigues, excessive colds, and difficulties we laboured under through our men into violent fevers and fluxes at their return by which means we lost one hundred and fifty more." The French later retired from Grand-Pré, initially to
1537:(in the Cobequid region), taking with them prisoners of war as well as both French and New England wounded. The more severely wounded were left under the care of the Acadians at Grand Pré. Some of the prisoners would be released to the New Englanders in the spring, while the others were sent to Québec and then to Boston.
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The French were initially successful in the close-range fighting that followed. Col. Noble was killed along with four other
British officers and the French took most of the houses killing over 60 British troops in fierce close-range fighting that also claimed the lives of many attackers. De Villiers'
1694:
In
October, Coulon de Villiers went to France for treatment of his wound at a thermal spring. In 1748 he was awarded the cross of the Order of Saint-Louis with an 800-livre gratuity, and was appointed major of Trois-Rivières. After his return to Canada in 1749 he was obliged to have his wounded arm
1540:
The battle slowed the
British advance to occupy the head of the Bay of Fundy. The New Englanders returned to Grand Pré shortly after, in March, 1747. They took possession of the stone house and required the Inhabitants to renew their "promise of a faithful obedience to the English Government." They
1499:
De
Villiers' combined force of Canadians, Mi'kmaq and Acadians amounted to about five hundred men. A French account states de Villiers left the Beaubassin area with two hundred and fifty Canadians and fifty Mi'kmaq. These troops, as previously mentioned, were further augmented by additional Mi'kmaq
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to cross the river with ten men and "to block the roads of the inhabitants in this district to make sure we are not discovered.". Throughout the trek the
Canadian force was joined by both Acadian militia and Mi'kmaq warriors. Further assistance came when they were sheltered and fed by local Acadian
1618:
One of the
Acadians who accompanied the French on this expedition was Zedore Gould then aged 20, who afterwards escaping the Expulsion was a tenant to DesBarres on his Minudie estate. He lived to a great age and was fond of relating his experiences in this, perhaps the most famous exploit in Nova
1532:
as article 3 of the capitulation stated: "That the troops of his most
Christian Majesty shall be drawn up in two ranks with rested firelocks and that the troops of his Britannic Majesty should march thro them with all the military Honours of War with drums beating and colours flying." The six-day
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moored in the Basin. Eventually the
British force rallied to concentrate their troops in a stronghold within a stone house in the center of the village which they held with 350 men and several small artillery pieces. The British made a sally from the stone house in the afternoon to try to recover
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families who also provided information on the New England positions. There were Acadians, however, that were not allies. At Cobequid (Truro), de Villiers took precaution "to block all the paths because the ill-intentioned inhabitants could undertake to pass and alert the English to our march."
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After the rigors of the previous year's campaign in Nova Scotia the Canadian "detachment was extraordinarily weakened by maladies" including De Ramezay and it was for this reason he delegated command of the attack to Captain Coulon de Villiers., On January 21, 1747 the French then commenced a
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where the villagers replenished their food supplies which had been running low for several days. By midday on February 10, despite a raging blizzard, the troops were on their final march, taking the old Acadian road over Horton Mountain to Melanson Village in the
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as well as Acadians. The French, on the night of February 10 in a blinding snowstorm and utilizing the element of surprise, attacked ten of the houses in which the New Englanders were billeted. Other than sentries, most of the New England personnel were asleep.
1528:. The 350 British in the stone house were allowed to keep their arms and march back to Annapolis Royal while the French retained the British troops captured in the fighting as well as the two supply sloops. The British marched away with full
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With the lower Shubenacadie River blocked by ice, the main force travelled the eastern shore of the river until they passed the tidal reach and there crossed over to the western side. They quickly crossed overland to the
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mentions several times that both the "French American Troops and Indians" were suffering from a "distemper", linking the illness to that which had devastated the sailors and soldiers of the D'Anville fleet.
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Morris estimated the French had lost 30 men but that the Acadians later "affirmed they saw buried by both parties' one hundred and twenty men". This would put the French losses at fifty-three.
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also sailed to Pisiguit where they burned, while under fire by Acadians, a vessel the Canadian troops had used when they withdrew from Minas. The area remained embroiled in conflict during
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1491:, just a few miles from Grand Pré. At Melanson the troops were joined by Acadian guides who led them directly to the houses where the New English were billeted.
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left arm was shattered almost immediately by a musket ball, a wound that would later lead to his death. He was replaced by his second-in-command, La Corne.
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The battle continued to rage across the village where the British managed to hold a few houses. The Canadians also attacked and captured the small fort at
1785:
A Summary, Historical and Political, of the First Planting, Progressive Improvements, and Present State of the British Settlements in North-America ...
503:
The French made another attempt at the capital in 1746 under the command of De Ramezay, who had to withdraw from the capital as a result of the failed
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and hundreds of New England soldiers to secure control over Grand Pré. In early December 1746 a force of one hundred men under the command of Captain
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twenty-one day winter march to the Minas. The troops, on snowshoes and utilizing sleds, crossed to Bay Verte, followed the Northumberland shore to
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Governor Shirley to the Duke of Newcastle. Boston New England February 27 th 1746. Collections of the Maine Historical Society, 1908. p. 312
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In response to the assaults on Annapolis Royal that were being staged at Grand Pré (and Chignecto), Governor Shirley sent Colonel
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The Journal of Captain William Pote, Jr., during his Captivity in the French and Indian War from May, 1745, to August, 1747
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where they found the river blocked by ice and too dangerous for the main force to cross. De Villiers ordered
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was sent to Grand Pré. These troops were eventually joined by troops under the command of Captains
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that took place between New England forces and Canadian, Mi'kmaq and Acadian forces at present-day
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demanded to take control of Grand Pré after the first siege in 1744 and again after the second.
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amputated. He did not survive the operation, and was buried at Montréal on 4 April 1750.
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After the cease-fire, both sides agreed to terms that allowed the British to return to
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Plaque by National Historic Sites of Canada, Attack at Grand Pre, Nova Scotia (1938)
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had been the staging ground for the French and Mi'kmaq sieges of Annapolis Royal in
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A number of authors have explored the battle in literature. The historian and poet
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The first reference to this battle as a massacre was in 1755 by William Douglass.
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1860:"Biographical Sketches of Brigadier General Jedidiah Prebble and His Descendants"
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1815:. Collections. Vol. 30. Nova Scotia Historical Society. pp. 99, 41.
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Genealogical Sketch of the First Three Generations of Prebbles in America
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1959:, Rome. (A report supplied by a French military officer to the Vatican).
508:
470:, the French forces surprised and defeated a force of British troops,
511:. (During this time period, Ramezay sent troops to British-occupied
2199:
Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New York
2180:
Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New York
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2257:
Historic Sites Monument Board plaque about the Attack at Grand Pre
1813:
John Gorham 1709–1751: an Outline of his Activities in Nova Scotia
523:, Ramezay's men killed 34 British troops and imprisoned the rest.
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474:
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and the aftermath of the war in general, the British Army built
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from the King of France for their participation in the battle.
844:
1919:
The 1747 Trek to Grand Pré: a Study in Historical Archaeology
1721:. Portland, Maine: The Maine Historical Society. p. 362
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Original sign to mark location of Battle of Grand Pre (1911)
1611:
who wrote a radio play "The Raid on Grand Pre" in 1931 and
1607:
Lawson wrote the poem "The Battle of Grand Pre" about 1820
1788:
Vol. I. Boston, New England: R. Baldwin. p. 325.
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near present-day Truro, and by February 2 had reached the
195:
2235:
Memoirs of the principal transactions of the ..., p. 71
1828:"Legardeur de Croisille et de Montesson, Joseph-Michel"
1747:. Woolwich, UK: The Royal Artillery Regimental Library.
1615:
wrote a book "Red Snow on Grand Pré" in the same year.
2202:. Vol. 10. Albany: Weed, Parsons and Co. p.
2183:. Vol. 10. Albany: Weed, Parsons and Co. p.
2028:
Attack at Grand-Pré National Historic Event of Canada
2169:
British account of the Battle - London Magazine 1747
1921:(Thesis). Saint Mary's University. Appendix A, p. 1.
1792:
2163:
French account of the Battle - London Magazine 1747
2011:
Journal of the Royal Nova Scotia Historical Society
2369:Events of National Historic Significance (Canada)
2086:Collections of the Nova Scotia Historical Society
1596:The location of the battle was designated by the
2315:
2117:New England Historical and Genealogical Register
477:and rangers that were quartered in the village.
1895:. Vol. III (1741–1770) (online ed.).
126:
2226:. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company. p.
2058:. Vol. XI (1881–1890) (online ed.).
1836:. Vol. IV (1771–1800) (online ed.).
691:
626:Charles Deschamps de Boishébert et de Raffetot
302:
154:Charles Deschamps de Boishébert et de Raffetot
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677:
288:
1598:Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada
16:Battle in Grand Pré during King George's War
2032:Directory of Federal Heritage Designations
2004:
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1426:
684:
670:
295:
281:
2277:French and British accounts of the battle
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2007:"Noel Doiron and the East Hants Acadians"
1718:Documentary History of the State of Maine
564:Old Burying Ground (Halifax, Nova Scotia)
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1600:in 1924 and marked by a plaque in 1938.
1587:
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1566:Louis de la Corne, Chevalier de la Corne
640:Louis de la Corne, Chevalier de la Corne
464:Louis de la Corne, Chevalier de la Corne
158:Louis de la Corne, Chevalier de la Corne
103:
1857:
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817:
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1968:
1955:De Saint Jean de Luz, le 25 May 1747.
1943:
1931:
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1482:and then on to the Acadian village at
2262:Jean-Baptiste-Nicolas-Roch de Ramezay
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1884:
1810:
1751:
1562:Nicolas Antoine II Coulon de Villiers
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468:Jean-Baptiste Nicolas Roch de Ramezay
460:Nicolas Antoine II Coulon de Villiers
276:
149:Nicolas Antoine II Coulon de Villiers
2216:
2137:
2111:Drake, Samuel G., ed. (April 1855).
2088:. Vol. XIV. Halifax. p. 26
2267:Nicolas-Antoine Coulon de Villiers
13:
2103:
496:. As a result, New England Ranger
267:67 killed, 40 prisoner, 40 wounded
14:
2395:
2245:
2052:. In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.).
2005:Scott, Shawn; Scott, Tod (2008).
1889:. In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.).
1830:. In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.).
1575:
454:in the winter of 1747 during the
2144:La Corne's account of the battle
2055:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
1892:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
1833:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
843:
646:
632:
618:
604:
589:
574:
552:
128:
105:
44:
2334:Military history of New England
2329:Military history of Nova Scotia
2149:Beaujeu's account of the battle
2073:
2041:
2021:
1998:
1962:
1949:
1937:
1925:
1910:
1878:
1866:. Boston: David Claff & Son
1851:
1688:
1676:
1664:
1629:Military history of Nova Scotia
837:Military history of Nova Scotia
1819:
1804:
1775:
1733:
1715:Baxter, James Phinney (1908).
1708:
1655:
1646:
1048:Halifax Provisional Battalion
808:War of the Austrian Succession
456:War of the Austrian Succession
419:War of the Austrian Succession
1:
1745:A Brief Survey of Nova Scotia
1702:
951:Royal Naval Dockyard, Halifax
480:
2379:Battles of King George's War
2123:(2). Boston: Samuel G. Drake
1971:"Battle at Grand Pré (1747)"
1858:Prebble, Geo. Henry (1868).
1519:
1339:No. 2 Construction Battalion
1239:Royal Nova Scotia Volunteers
1078:Imprisonment of Leon Trotsky
991:Establishment of New Ireland
7:
2060:University of Toronto Press
2048:Kernaghan, Lois K. (1982).
1897:University of Toronto Press
1838:University of Toronto Press
1634:List of massacres in Canada
1622:
1511:and the two British supply
10:
2400:
2339:Military history of Canada
2324:Military history of Acadia
1782:Douglass, William (1755).
1111:Battle of the St. Lawrence
1014:Battle of the Great Redan
545:
18:
2349:Kings County, Nova Scotia
2240:New York Documents, p. 89
1826:MacLeod, Malcolm (1979).
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1299:Princess Louise Fusiliers
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971:Battle of Fort Cumberland
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57:
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2364:Conflicts in Nova Scotia
2344:Battles involving Canada
1885:Moody, Barry M. (1974).
1639:
901:Northeast Coast Campaign
507:. De Ramezay retired to
505:Duc d'Anville Expedition
52:Charles William Jefferys
19:Not to be confused with
2189:– Capitulation document
1975:The Lion & The Lily
1957:Vatican Secret Archives
1359:Nova Scotia Highlanders
1319:Cape Breton Highlanders
1229:Royal Fencible American
708:Planned French invasion
319:Planned French invasion
50:Battle of Grand Pré by
2212:Maine Documents, p 362
2082:"Records of Chignecto"
1969:Landry, Peter (2007).
1917:Taylor, Aaron (2009).
1887:"Goldthwait, Benjamin"
1811:Bates, George (1954).
1593:
1585:
1543:Father Le Loutre's War
612:Captain Charles Morris
560:Erasmus James Philipps
202:Erasmus James Philipps
143:Commanders and leaders
2300:45.10111°N 64.30722°W
2252:"Battle at Grand Pré"
2194:Brodhead, John Romeyn
2175:Brodhead, John Romeyn
2080:Milner, W.C. (1910).
2050:"Katzmann, Mary Jane"
1591:
1583:
1279:Nova Scotia Fencibles
1249:King's Orange Rangers
1219:84th Regiment of Foot
1179:40th Regiment of Foot
1068:Battle of Paardeberg
931:Bay of Fundy Campaign
259:Casualties and losses
2154:British capitulation
1570:Order of Saint Louis
1383:Captivity narratives
1088:Jewish Legion formed
871:Battle of Port Royal
818:Trek from Beaubassin
776:d'Anville Expedition
517:Prince Edward Island
434:, also known as the
387:d'Anville Expedition
231:Troupes de la marine
218:Wabanaki Confederacy
2384:1747 in Nova Scotia
2359:Conflicts in Canada
2305:45.10111; -64.30722
2296: /
1946:, Appendix A, p. IV
1613:Archibald MacMechan
1551:Battle at Chignecto
1259:1st Field Artillery
1189:Louisbourg Garrison
1134:Halifax VE-Day riot
1123:Point Pleasant Park
1058:Battle of Witpoort
941:Siege of Louisbourg
911:Battle of Grand Pré
891:Battle of Winnepang
881:Siege of Port Royal
796:3rd Northeast Coast
766:2nd Northeast Coast
756:1st Northeast Coast
728:Annapolis Royal 2nd
723:Annapolis Royal 1st
540:Benjamin Goldthwait
432:Battle of Grand Pré
407:3rd Northeast Coast
377:2nd Northeast Coast
367:1st Northeast Coast
339:Annapolis Royal 2nd
334:Annapolis Royal 1st
187:Benjamin Goldthwait
65:10–11 February 1747
31:Battle of Grand-Pré
2208:Beaujeu's journal.
1934:, Appendix A, p. V
1605:Mary Jane Katzmann
1594:
1586:
1547:Siege of Grand Pre
1467:Shubenacadie River
1459:Cobequid Mountains
1329:Nova Scotia Rifles
921:Dartmouth Massacre
781:Fort Massachusetts
466:under orders from
442:, was a battle in
440:Grand Pré Massacre
392:Fort Massachusetts
151:(French commander)
2374:Conflicts in 1747
2138:Primary documents
2113:"Battle of Minas"
1984:978-1-4251-5450-9
1619:Scotian History.
1568:were awarded the
1535:Noel, Nova Scotia
1450:
1449:
1367:
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1269:Royal Nova Scotia
1151:Notable regiments
1142:
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1100:Llandovery Castle
1024:Siege of Lucknow
981:Raid on Lunenburg
814:
813:
695:King George's War
444:King George's War
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306:King George's War
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38:King George's War
21:Raid on Grand Pré
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1489:Gaspereau Valley
1480:Kennetcook River
1442:
1435:
1428:
1349:West Nova Scotia
1199:Gorham's Rangers
1169:Acadian militias
1159:Mi'kmaq militias
1155:
1154:
961:Halifax Treaties
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866:
847:
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791:Fort at Number 4
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402:Fort at Number 4
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240:Gorham's Rangers
226:Maliseet militia
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2354:Acadian history
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2104:Further reading
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2198:
2179:
2125:. Retrieved
2120:
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2090:. Retrieved
2085:
2075:
2063:. Retrieved
2053:
2043:
2036:Parks Canada
2031:
2023:
2014:
2010:
2000:
1988:. Retrieved
1977:. Trafford.
1974:
1964:
1951:
1939:
1927:
1918:
1912:
1900:. Retrieved
1890:
1880:
1868:. Retrieved
1863:
1853:
1841:. Retrieved
1831:
1821:
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1744:
1735:
1723:. Retrieved
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1463:Cobequid Bay
1455:Tatamagouche
1451:
1122:
1099:
1035:
1002:
910:
850:Citadel Hill
827:
806:Part of the
785:
751:Tatamagouche
739:
718:Newfoundland
598:Arthur Noble
528:Arthur Noble
525:
513:Port-La-Joye
502:
484:
439:
435:
431:
429:
417:Part of the
396:
362:Tatamagouche
350:
329:Newfoundland
172:
167:Arthur Noble
98:Belligerents
2303: /
1799:Baxter 1908
1509:Hortonville
1388:Impressment
1121:Sinking of
1098:Sinking of
1036:Tallahassee
738:Capture of
498:John Gorham
452:Nova Scotia
349:Capture of
79:Nova Scotia
2318:Categories
2291:64°18′26″W
2288:45°06′04″N
2127:October 2,
2092:October 2,
2065:October 2,
1990:October 2,
1902:October 2,
1870:October 2,
1843:October 2,
1725:October 2,
1703:References
1471:Boishébert
1003:Chesapeake
746:Louisbourg
509:Beaubassin
481:Background
357:Louisbourg
191:Edward How
1520:Aftermath
1363:from 1954
1353:from 1916
1343:1916–1919
1333:1914–1919
1323:from 1871
1313:1869–1871
1303:from 1867
1293:from 1860
1283:1803–1816
1273:1793–1802
1263:from 1791
1253:1776–1783
1243:1775–1783
1233:1775–1783
1223:1775–1784
1213:1756–1762
1203:1744–1762
1193:1717–1758
1183:1717–1757
1173:1689–1761
1163:1677–1779
1115:1942–1944
965:1760–1761
786:Grand Pré
486:Grand Pré
448:Grand-Pré
397:Grand Pré
264:53 killed
75:Grand-Pré
2220:(1896).
2196:(1858).
2177:(1858).
2017:: 45–60.
1743:(1748).
1685:estimate
1623:See also
1484:Pisiguit
1403:Category
828:a series
825:Part of
761:Saratoga
740:Vigilant
581:Captain
438:and the
372:Saratoga
351:Vigilant
246:Strength
70:Location
36:Part of
1408:Commons
854:Halifax
546:Gallery
475:militia
251:250-300
173:†
1981:
1513:sloops
1495:Battle
1038:escape
831:on the
169:
133:
113:France
110:
86:Result
1640:Notes
1560:Both
1545:(see
713:Canso
596:Col.
519:. In
324:Canso
2129:2015
2094:2015
2067:2015
2038:.
1992:2015
1979:ISBN
1904:2015
1872:2015
1845:2015
1727:2015
1564:and
1138:1945
1128:1945
1105:1918
1092:1917
1082:1917
1072:1899
1062:1899
1052:1885
1042:1861
1034:CSS
1028:1857
1018:1855
1008:1813
995:1812
985:1782
975:1776
955:1758
945:1758
935:1755
925:1751
915:1747
905:1745
895:1722
885:1710
875:1690
538:and
494:1745
492:and
490:1744
462:and
430:The
224:and
62:Date
2228:121
2034:.
1461:to
852:in
254:500
196:POW
2320::
2204:91
2185:78
2121:IX
2119:.
2115:.
2084:.
2030:.
2015:11
2013:.
2009:.
1973:.
1862:.
1753:^
1557:.
562:,
450:,
77:,
2230:.
2206:.
2187:.
2156:*
2131:.
2096:.
2069:.
1994:.
1906:.
1874:.
1847:.
1729:.
1441:e
1434:t
1427:v
685:e
678:t
671:v
296:e
289:t
282:v
228:)
220:(
198:)
194:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
