164:
307:
295:
283:
271:
259:
241:
229:
217:
152:
319:
198:
186:
139:
873:. In 1996, the Russian public, military and political elite were fed up and opted to withdraw Russian troops. Anyway, the destruction of Grozny in August 1996 was hardly a reasonable option: Thousands of MVD troops were trapped in the city and most likely would have perished together with the Chechens. Today heavy bombs and guns are used against Chechen towns and villages without limitations."
778:
being killed or wounded within just two days. Only one column of armored vehicles succeeded in delivering some supplies to the besieged federal stronghold in the city center and evacuating some of the wounded. Over the course of five days of counterattacking, Russian columns lost 18 tanks, 69 other armoured vehicles, and 23 trucks and cars. In addition, four helicopters were shot down.
777:
When the
Russian military sent another column on August 8, they too were stopped and lost many vehicles to Chechen ambushes. On the fifth day of the battle, 900 fresh soldiers of the 276th Motor Rifle Regiment attempted to retake the center of the city, but failed at the price of about half of them
801:
at 300,000. Strikes by aircraft and artillery commenced on August 20. In chaotic scenes, as the bombardment indiscriminately hit residential areas and at least one hospital, terrified refugees fled the city. Many of them were reportedly killed when their columns were hit by artillery fire. In all,
684:
On August 6, 1996, Chechen units attacking Grozny consisted of around 1,500 fighters. Initially, Russian media reported that only 250 fighters had entered the city. The
Russian garrison inside the city consisted of some 12,000 troops. To overcome the Russian numerical superiority, Chechen chief of
727:
The largest pocket was located at the government offices in the center of the city, including the interior ministry building and the republican FSB headquarters. A group of about 10 Russian journalists were trapped in a hotel near the compound. The pro-Russian
Chechen government fled to Khankala
712:
security and military intelligence services. They also blocked roads and took up strategic positions on the approaches to the city. According to
Chechen commander Turpal Ali-Kaimov, 1,500 Chechen fighters infiltrated the city, of which 47 were killed during the initial attack.
805:
The number of those who remained in the city was estimated by
Memorial at between 50,000 and 70,000, and males older than 11 were considered suspected fighters and not let through the Russian lines. Many refugees were also fired on at checkpoints, and Russian state television
693:. Using their intimate knowledge of the city, Chechen units entered Grozny and avoided the network of Russian checkpoints and other positions in a carefully planned and highly coordinated rapid advance before attacking or blocking targets deep in Moscow-controlled territory.
576:
796:
On August 19, Russian
General Kostantin Pulikovsky surrounded the city and issued an ultimatum that the Chechen fighters should leave Grozny within 48 hours or face an all-out attack. The threat resulted in mass panic among the remaining civilian population, estimated by
773:
by seizing Grozny's main railway station (according to the 2002 indictment by the
Russian government, Zakayev's fighters killed or wounded more than 300 MVD troops at the train station); as a result, Russian tanks became much easier targets for Chechen mobile units.
207:
720:), barracks, police stations, and other Russian positions, the Chechen fighters cut off and isolated most of them, mining the approaches to prevent escape or reinforcements, and waited for the government troops to surrender. By August 9, Russian news agency
656:
In July 1996, the
Russian leadership abandoned the uneasy peace process in Chechnya and resumed large-scale military operations. Between July 9 and July 16, 1996, Russian forces attacked Chechen bases in the foothills and mountains in the south of the
458:
501:
462:
728:
military base, just outside the capital. In another part of the city, several groups of
Russian troops took shelter at the Municipal Hospital 9, where they held approximately 500 civilians hostage until they were allowed to evacuate.
841:
The Khasav-Yurt Accord paved the way for the signing of two further agreements between Russia and
Chechnya. In mid-November 1996, Boris Yeltsin and Aslan Maskhadov signed an agreement on economic relations and
754:
According to Gelayev, "Zavgayev had either 15 or 18 thousand 'Chechen policemen' , but as soon as we entered Grozny in August 1996, they all scattered and went home, then they went over to the
453:
3093:
825:(OSCE). On August 22, Russia agreed to withdraw of all its forces in Chechnya to their bases at Khankala and Severny. On August 30, 1996, Generals Lebed and Maskhadov signed the
865:
commented: "In 1996, Russian generals insisted that they could 'liberate' Grozny only by totally destroying the city with massive heavy gun and aerial bombardments, but such an
716:
The Chechen forces attacked Grozny at 5:50 on August 6 in an operation that took three hours. Rather than trying to capture or destroy all individual fortified checkpoints (
1867:
1580:
2072:
518:
421:
202:
571:
523:
822:
724:
put the number of surrounded troops at some 7,000. In addition to MVD and FSB troops and non-combat personnel, military troops were stationed in the city.
2042:
2032:
1604:
2436:
2085:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
496:
2057:
1677:
1403:
1663:
664:
On August 6, the very day of the offensive, Russian forces began a major operation in the village of Alkhan-Yurt by moving 1,500 paramilitary
793:
declared a day of mourning for the victims in Chechnya. Battles also continued on the outskirts of the city and elsewhere in the republic.
1466:
821:
After returning to Chechnya on August 20, Lebed ordered a new ceasefire and re-opened direct talks with the Chechen leaders, aided by the
661:. On July 20, Russian forces launched a large-scale campaign to pacify the southern highlands, moving most of their combat troops there.
414:
2721:
1526:
1323:
3063:
2062:
1872:
1636:
527:
993:
731:
A number of Chechens deemed to be collaborators were rounded up, detained, and executed. According to the human rights organization
3068:
2006:
1956:
551:
3113:
2047:
1343:
1148:
67:
1705:
407:
3088:
2731:
2229:
2219:
1455:
971:
1506:
3103:
3098:
2726:
2067:
818:
managed to mostly avert further bloodshed in Grozny. Meanwhile, the Russian offensive in the southern mountains continued.
626:
3073:
2011:
1935:
1567:
1467:"The Violation of Human Rights and Norms of Humanitarian Law in the Course of the Armed Conflict in the Chechen Republic"
1290:
508:
2080:
1986:
762:
1680:, Research Paper 00/14, February 7, 2000, International Affairs and Defence Section, House of Commons Library, London
1660:
1642:
1588:
1436:
1376:
1030:
889:
3078:
2416:
2037:
1827:
1822:
1806:
1776:
1749:
847:
846:
to Chechens who had been affected by the 1994–96 war. On May 12, 1997, Presidents Maskhadov and Yeltsin signed the
486:
448:
3108:
2129:
1991:
1781:
1646:
1006:
622:
491:
1971:
561:
632:
The much smaller Chechen forces infiltrated Grozny and either routed the MVD forces or split them into many
2411:
1714:
640:
units that had been sent to eject the fighters and rescue their own trapped forces. The final result was a
168:
163:
1448:
Behind Their Backs: Russian Forces' Use of Civilians as Hostages and Human Shields During the Chechnya War
751:
after defenders at the mayor's office surrendered on August 6, reportedly on the promise of free passage.
735:, reliable sources stated that the execution list for one region of Grozny comprised more than 200 names.
2453:
1612:
3053:
2143:
2123:
2001:
1961:
1698:
1020:
961:
876:
The Russian defeat in the battle was considered Russia's "worst military defeat since the disasters of
375:
345:
2234:
1981:
1847:
1771:
481:
1486:
1407:
2246:
2241:
1940:
1842:
1743:
709:
705:
665:
556:
1158:
3058:
2052:
1837:
782:
770:
765:
arrived to assist the trapped Russian forces. The day before, a Chechen separatist group led by
3083:
2716:
2177:
1731:
1470:
785:
in Grozny said that "most of the city is mined, and there's a lot of aerial bombardments." The
2520:
2492:
2212:
2156:
1832:
1691:
866:
637:
190:
116:
Russian Military and Strategic Failure - Complete withdrawal of Russian forces from Chechnya
2595:
2207:
2092:
1976:
1862:
1766:
1530:
1327:
1126:
1124:
1122:
877:
807:
736:
690:
476:
233:
939:
8:
3000:
2354:
1996:
1857:
1546:
1206:
1119:
2986:
2756:
2656:
2441:
2431:
2171:
2027:
1737:
1324:"Chechen peace talks may resume; But civilian casualties mount in intensified fighting"
855:
854:
in the summer of 1999, however, led to a breach of these treaties and the start of the
843:
826:
798:
732:
618:
539:
111:
1637:
View From the Wolves' Den – The Chechens and Urban Operations: The Recapture of Grozny
1347:
696:
Their main objectives were the command and control assets at the military airfield at
2944:
2829:
2770:
2670:
2426:
1966:
1801:
1786:
1725:
1656:
1451:
1432:
1372:
1026:
967:
862:
830:
645:
633:
534:
431:
32:
3028:
3020:
3006:
2992:
2978:
2964:
2950:
2936:
2930:
2922:
2916:
2908:
2894:
2880:
2854:
2843:
2835:
2821:
2807:
2789:
2776:
2762:
2748:
2711:
2684:
2676:
2662:
2648:
2634:
2620:
2601:
2587:
2568:
2554:
2540:
2526:
2512:
2498:
2484:
2478:
2470:
2421:
2374:
2368:
2360:
2346:
2322:
2107:
1852:
811:
658:
1425:
789:
called on both sides to cease fire immediately, without effect. Russian President
2902:
2874:
2868:
2862:
2815:
2795:
2506:
2446:
2382:
2309:
2299:
2289:
2164:
2150:
2135:
1510:
1387:
815:
814:
was shot dead by federal soldiers while trying to flee the city. Russian General
686:
513:
263:
1365:
758:, except for a few dozens of those who were guilty of shedding Chechen blood.".
2958:
2888:
2848:
2628:
2614:
2581:
2576:
2548:
2534:
2340:
2330:
2294:
786:
766:
748:
701:
323:
311:
287:
275:
1404:"Fighting rages on in Chechnya; Situation said to be 'totally out of control'"
1298:
3047:
2642:
2609:
2304:
2284:
2102:
1791:
790:
669:
566:
221:
82:
69:
1525:
1342:
1212:
1130:
3014:
2972:
2784:
2562:
2335:
2097:
1683:
851:
850:, calling for "peace and the principles of Russian-Chechen relations." The
744:
245:
1645:, Royal Danish Defence College in co-operation with Märta-Lisa Magnusson,
1191:
Interview with Commander Khamzat Gelayev, Kavkaz Center, October 27, 2003.
1182:
Interview with Commander Khamzat Gelayev, Kavkaz Center, October 27, 2003.
2261:
870:
299:
2801:
1945:
755:
641:
399:
2316:
2256:
2251:
721:
697:
625:
and subsequently posted a large garrison of federal and republican
610:
61:
1291:"Lebed Seeks to Avert Slaughter Of Civilians in Chechen Conflict"
1194:
2279:
2202:
673:
614:
143:
57:
1218:
1367:
The Chechen Wars: Will Russia Go the Way of the Soviet Union?
1242:
1164:
1051:
1039:
743:
special police officers who were executed by the fighters of
1465:
Orlov, Oleg Petrovich; Cherkasov, Aleksandr; Sokolov, A. V.
1266:
2224:
1136:
1107:
914:
912:
910:
908:
906:
904:
740:
1653:
Russia's Chechen Wars 1994–2000: Lessons from Urban Combat
1527:"Residents flee in panic as Grozny becomes a battleground"
1254:
609:, when Chechen fighters regained and then kept control of
1392:
Institute for the Study of Conflict, Ideology, and Policy
1070:
1068:
1066:
371:
341:
3094:
Attacks on hospitals during the Chechen–Russian conflict
1085:
1083:
901:
1579:
van der Laan, Nanette; Gedye, Robin (August 22, 1996).
1431:. College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press.
1611:. Friends & Partners. May 12, 1997. Archived from
1063:
623:
previous battle for Grozny that ended in February 1995
1080:
1485:
1446:
Orlov, Oleg Petrovich; Cherkasov, Aleksandr (1997).
1200:
966:. New York: New York University Press. p. 331.
941:
Mars Unmasked: The Changing Face of Urban Operations
823:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
1547:"The Russian Federation: Human Rights Developments"
1230:
1095:
1545:
1424:
1364:
1224:
1578:
1464:
1371:. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.
1248:
1170:
3045:
2437:United Vilayat of Kabarda, Balkaria and Karachay
1603:
1469:. "Memorial" Human Rights Center. Archived from
1272:
1505:
1487:"Prosecutor details accusations against Zakaev"
1422:
1402:
1142:
1113:
1057:
1045:
739:was the only survivor of a group of 30 Chechen
1493:. Hellenic Resources Network. November 5, 2002
1445:
1322:
1260:
1154:
1699:
761:On August 7, a large armored column from the
415:
119:De facto independence of the Chechen Republic
1713:
763:205th "Cossack" Separate Motor Rifle Brigade
1423:Knezys, Stasys; Sedlickas, Romanas (1999).
1385:
1362:
1074:
1018:
959:
937:
918:
1706:
1692:
1671:Allah's Mountains: The Battle for Chechnya
1568:"Risky Walk in Rebel-Held Chechen Capital"
1450:. Moscow: "Memorial" Human Rights Center.
1025:. New York University Press. p. 335.
829:, an agreement that marked the end of the
422:
408:
1605:"Yeltsin, Maskhadov sign peace agreement"
1344:"Civilians flee besieged Chechen capital"
989:
987:
985:
983:
933:
931:
929:
927:
2007:Domodedovo International Airport bombing
1936:1995 Budyonnovsk hospital hostage crisis
1019:Gall, Carlotta; de Waal, Thomas (1998).
960:Gall, Carlotta; de Waal, Thomas (1998).
394:Estimated 2,000 or more civilians killed
2869:
2796:
1565:
1386:Felgenhauer, Pavel (March–April 2000).
1288:
1236:
1101:
996:, Anthony Jones, April 20, 2007, p. 148
3046:
1529:. CNN. August 11, 1996. Archived from
1346:. CNN. August 11, 1996. Archived from
1313:
1213:"Residents flee", CNN, August 11, 1996
1131:"Civilians flee", CNN, August 11, 1996
1089:
980:
955:
953:
951:
924:
802:about 220,000 refugees fled the city.
704:), along with the headquarters of the
636:. Chechen fighters then beat back the
1687:
1509:. CNN. August 7, 1996. Archived from
1406:. CNN. August 9, 1996. Archived from
700:and the militarised Severny Airport (
429:
403:
1566:Specter, Michael (August 14, 1996).
1507:"Rebel attack on Grozny intensifies"
1326:. CNN. July 22, 1996. Archived from
668:and pro-Moscow Chechen policemen of
454:Destruction of the Chechen Air Force
350:up to 1,000 (3,000-7,000 afterwards)
2012:2017 Saint Petersburg Metro bombing
1581:"Lebed calls off assault on Grozny"
1289:Bennett, Vanora (August 22, 1996).
948:
18:Battle during the First Chechen War
13:
1972:2002 Moscow theater hostage crisis
1629:
1007:Горячий август 1996 г. в Грозном.
14:
3125:
2732:Islamic State – Caucasus Province
1655:MR 1289, Rand, Santa Monica, CA,
1388:"Russia's Forces Unreconstructed"
1316:Non-State Threats and Future Wars
890:Battle of Grozny (disambiguation)
3064:Battles of the First Chechen War
2038:Battle of Grozny (November 1994)
1823:1999 Russian bombing of Chechnya
1750:Insurgency in the North Caucasus
1664:Chapter 2: "Grozny I: 1994–1995"
317:
305:
293:
281:
269:
257:
239:
227:
215:
196:
184:
162:
150:
137:
3069:Grozny in the First Chechen War
2043:Censorship of Chechnya coverage
1962:1999 Russian apartment bombings
1185:
1176:
769:had captured a large supply of
3114:Russian war crimes in Chechnya
1992:2004 Russian aircraft bombings
1797:Battle of Grozny (August 1996)
1782:1995 Shali cluster bomb attack
1647:University of Southern Denmark
1171:Orlov, Cherkasov & Sokolov
1012:
999:
601:of August 1996, also known as
26:Battle of Grozny (August 1996)
1:
2722:Islamic International Brigade
2247:Main Intelligence Directorate
1941:1996 Black Sea hostage crisis
1868:Counter-insurgency operations
1363:Evangelista, Matthew (2002).
1249:van der Laan & Gedye 1996
895:
651:
3089:August 1996 events in Russia
2412:Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
2220:Ministry of Internal Affairs
2130:Polina Zherebtsova's Journal
1828:Battle of Grozny (1999–2000)
1807:Russia–Chechnya Peace Treaty
1777:Battle of Grozny (1994–1995)
848:Russian–Chechen Peace Treaty
836:
621:had conquered the city in a
552:Kizlyar–Pervomayskoye crisis
169:Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
7:
3104:Hospital bombings in Europe
3099:Building bombings in Russia
2454:Islamic Djamaat of Dagestan
1957:1996 Kizlyar hostage crisis
1058:Knezys & Sedlickas 1999
1046:Knezys & Sedlickas 1999
883:
644:that effectively ended the
10:
3130:
3074:Battles involving Chechnya
2144:The 3 Rooms of Melancholia
2002:2010 Moscow Metro bombings
1553:. Human Rights Watch. 1997
1281:
1155:Orlov & Cherkasov 1997
938:J.A.Edwards, Sean (2000).
629:(MVD) troops in the city.
2740:
2704:
2697:
2462:
2404:
2397:
2272:
2252:Special Forces (Spetsnaz)
2195:
2188:
2116:
2020:
1987:2004 Moscow Metro bombing
1982:2002 Grozny truck bombing
1928:
1848:2002 Khankala Mi-26 crash
1815:
1759:
1721:
1669:Smith, Sebastian (2001).
994:"Urban Guerrilla Warfare"
878:the Nazi invasion in 1941
679:
441:
393:
354:
332:
174:
129:
38:
30:
25:
2242:Federal Security Service
1997:2004 Beslan school siege
1843:2000 Zhani-Vedeno ambush
1744:Insurgency in Ingushetia
1715:Chechen–Russian conflict
1678:The Conflict in Chechnya
1201:RFE/RL, November 5, 2002
627:Ministry of the Interior
617:in a surprise raid. The
3079:Sieges involving Russia
2077:International response
1838:Battle of Komsomolskoye
1643:The Battle(s) of Grozny
1398:(4). Boston University.
1314:Bunker, Robert (2003).
1225:Human Rights Watch 1997
1009:Prague Watchdog (2006).
852:incursion into Dagestan
783:International Red Cross
380:4 helicopters destroyed
3109:1996 building bombings
1967:1999 Tukhchar massacre
175:Commanders and leaders
2521:Abdul-Halim Sadulayev
2493:Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev
2033:Anti-Russian violence
1833:Battle for Height 776
1651:Oliker, Olga (2001).
1318:. London: Frank Cass.
867:indiscriminate attack
672:'s government out of
638:Russian Ground Forces
634:pockets of resistance
607:Operation Zero Option
492:Shali cluster bombing
386:At least 2,500 killed
355:Casualties and losses
203:Vyacheslav Ovchinikov
191:Konstantin Pulikovsky
105:Total Chechen victory
2596:Turpal-Ali Atgeriyev
2257:Republic of Chechnya
2093:Politics of Chechnya
2048:Crimes and terrorism
1977:2003 Tushino bombing
1863:2005 raid on Nalchik
1767:Battle of Dolinskoye
1615:on November 17, 2015
1591:on November 20, 2002
1473:on December 15, 2016
1273:RFE/RL, May 12, 1997
869:was not approved by
771:RPO rocket launchers
737:Said-Magomed Kakiyev
691:infiltration tactics
234:Said-Magomed Kakiyev
2355:Dzhabrail Yamadayev
1858:2004 raid on Grozny
1585:The Daily Telegraph
1427:The War in Chechnya
1143:CNN, August 7, 1996
1114:CNN, August 9, 1996
156:Loyalist opposition
79: /
2987:Abu Hafs al-Urduni
2757:Magomed Suleimanov
2657:Rasul Makasharipov
2442:Vilayat Cherkessia
2432:Vilayat Nokhchicho
2280:Russian Federation
2203:Russian Federation
2172:Ant in a Glass Jar
2086:Second Chechen War
2028:Chechen Revolution
1816:Second Chechen War
1772:Battle of Khankala
1738:Second Chechen War
1635:Dilegge, David P.
1572:The New York Times
1261:CNN, July 22, 1996
856:Second Chechen War
827:Khasav-Yurt Accord
799:Human Rights Watch
619:Russian Federation
509:Budyonnovsk crisis
368:18 tanks destroyed
112:Khasav-Yurt Accord
3054:Conflicts in 1996
3041:
3040:
3037:
3036:
2945:Arthur Getagazhev
2830:Supyan Abdullayev
2771:Aliaskhab Kebekov
2727:Riyad-us Saliheen
2693:
2692:
2671:Ilyas Gorchkhanov
2427:Vilayat Galgayche
2393:
2392:
2081:First Chechen War
1802:Khasavyurt Accord
1787:Samashki massacre
1760:First Chechen War
1726:First Chechen War
1551:World Report 1997
1457:978-5-88255-022-5
1410:on March 22, 2003
1295:Los Angeles Times
973:978-0-8147-2963-2
863:Pavel Felgenhauer
831:First Chechen War
646:First Chechen War
592:
591:
535:Samashki massacre
433:First Chechen War
398:
397:
125:
124:
46:August 6–20, 1996
33:First Chechen War
3121:
3029:Zalim Shebzukhov
3025:
3011:
2997:
2983:
2969:
2955:
2941:
2931:Asker Dzhappuyev
2927:
2917:Rustam Asildarov
2913:
2899:
2885:
2871:
2859:
2844:Aslan Byutukayev
2840:
2826:
2812:
2798:
2790:Aslambek Vadalov
2781:
2767:
2753:
2712:Caucasus Emirate
2702:
2701:
2685:Rappani Khalilov
2681:
2667:
2653:
2639:
2625:
2606:
2592:
2573:
2559:
2545:
2531:
2517:
2503:
2489:
2479:Dzhokhar Dudayev
2475:
2422:Vilayat Dagestan
2402:
2401:
2379:
2369:Ruslan Yamadayev
2365:
2351:
2327:
2193:
2192:
2108:Chechen genocide
1853:2004 Nazran raid
1708:
1701:
1694:
1685:
1684:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1587:. Archived from
1575:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1533:on June 18, 2002
1522:
1520:
1518:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1461:
1442:
1430:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1399:
1382:
1370:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1319:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1297:. Archived from
1276:
1270:
1264:
1258:
1252:
1246:
1240:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1216:
1210:
1204:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1183:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1162:
1152:
1146:
1140:
1134:
1128:
1117:
1111:
1105:
1099:
1093:
1087:
1078:
1075:Felgenhauer 2000
1072:
1061:
1055:
1049:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1016:
1010:
1003:
997:
991:
978:
977:
957:
946:
945:
935:
922:
919:Evangelista 2002
916:
812:Ramzan Khadzhiev
781:The head of the
659:Chechen Republic
599:Battle of Grozny
580:
557:Black Sea crisis
531:
505:
466:
436:
434:
424:
417:
410:
401:
400:
338:Initially 12,000
322:
321:
320:
310:
309:
308:
298:
297:
296:
286:
285:
284:
274:
273:
272:
262:
261:
260:
244:
243:
242:
232:
231:
230:
220:
219:
218:
211:
201:
200:
199:
189:
188:
187:
167:
166:
155:
154:
153:
142:
141:
140:
94:
93:
91:
90:
89:
84:
80:
77:
76:
75:
72:
40:
39:
23:
22:
3129:
3128:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3119:
3118:
3044:
3043:
3042:
3033:
3021:
3007:
2993:
2979:
2965:
2951:
2937:
2923:
2909:
2903:Magomed Vagabov
2895:
2881:
2875:Tarkhan Gaziyev
2863:Khuseyn Gakayev
2855:
2836:
2822:
2816:Anzor Astemirov
2808:
2777:
2763:
2749:
2736:
2689:
2677:
2663:
2649:
2635:
2621:
2602:
2588:
2569:
2555:
2541:
2527:
2513:
2507:Aslan Maskhadov
2499:
2485:
2471:
2458:
2447:Vilayat Iriston
2417:Caucasian Front
2389:
2383:Sulim Yamadayev
2375:
2361:
2347:
2323:
2310:Gennady Troshev
2300:Alexander Lebed
2290:Dmitry Medvedev
2268:
2235:Internal Troops
2184:
2165:Angel of Grozny
2151:The Pathologies
2117:Wars in culture
2112:
2073:Aircraft losses
2058:Suicide attacks
2016:
1924:
1873:Guerrilla phase
1811:
1755:
1732:War in Dagestan
1717:
1712:
1632:
1630:Further reading
1627:
1618:
1616:
1609:RFE/RL Newsline
1594:
1592:
1556:
1554:
1536:
1534:
1516:
1514:
1496:
1494:
1491:RFE/RL Newsline
1476:
1474:
1458:
1439:
1413:
1411:
1379:
1353:
1351:
1333:
1331:
1304:
1302:
1301:on May 31, 2012
1284:
1279:
1271:
1267:
1259:
1255:
1247:
1243:
1235:
1231:
1223:
1219:
1211:
1207:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1169:
1165:
1153:
1149:
1141:
1137:
1129:
1120:
1112:
1108:
1100:
1096:
1088:
1081:
1073:
1064:
1056:
1052:
1044:
1040:
1033:
1017:
1013:
1004:
1000:
992:
981:
974:
958:
949:
936:
925:
917:
902:
898:
886:
839:
816:Alexander Lebed
687:Aslan Maskhadov
682:
666:Internal Troops
654:
603:Operation Jihad
595:
594:
593:
588:
574:
572:Nalchik bombing
521:
499:
456:
444:Pre-war battles
437:
432:
430:
428:
385:
381:
379:
369:
367:
365:
363:
339:
328:
318:
316:
306:
304:
294:
292:
282:
280:
270:
268:
264:Aslan Maskhadov
258:
256:
250:
240:
238:
228:
226:
216:
214:
205:
197:
195:
185:
183:
161:
151:
149:
138:
136:
108:
87:
85:
83:43.31°N 45.69°E
81:
78:
73:
70:
68:
66:
65:
64:
47:
19:
12:
11:
5:
3127:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3059:1996 in Russia
3056:
3039:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3017:
3003:
2989:
2975:
2961:
2959:Ibn al-Khattab
2947:
2933:
2919:
2905:
2891:
2889:Said Buryatsky
2877:
2865:
2851:
2849:Movladi Udugov
2846:
2832:
2818:
2804:
2792:
2787:
2773:
2759:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2708:
2706:
2699:
2695:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2673:
2659:
2645:
2631:
2629:Movsar Barayev
2617:
2615:Ilyas Akhmadov
2612:
2598:
2584:
2582:Akhmed Zakayev
2579:
2577:Salman Raduyev
2565:
2551:
2549:Shamil Basayev
2537:
2535:Ruslan Gelayev
2523:
2509:
2495:
2481:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2414:
2408:
2406:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2387:
2386:
2385:
2371:
2357:
2343:
2341:Ramzan Kadyrov
2338:
2333:
2331:Akhmad Kadyrov
2314:
2313:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2295:Vladimir Putin
2292:
2287:
2276:
2274:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2199:
2197:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2175:
2168:
2161:
2154:
2147:
2140:
2133:
2126:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2063:Assassinations
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2024:
2022:
2021:Related topics
2018:
2017:
2015:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1938:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1763:
1761:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1747:
1741:
1735:
1729:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1711:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1674:
1667:
1666:pp. 30–32
1649:
1639:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1601:
1576:
1563:
1543:
1523:
1513:on May 3, 2008
1503:
1483:
1462:
1456:
1443:
1437:
1420:
1400:
1383:
1377:
1360:
1350:on May 3, 2008
1340:
1330:on May 4, 2008
1320:
1311:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1277:
1265:
1253:
1241:
1229:
1217:
1205:
1193:
1184:
1175:
1163:
1147:
1135:
1118:
1106:
1094:
1092:, p. 177.
1079:
1062:
1060:, p. 288.
1050:
1048:, p. 294.
1038:
1031:
1011:
998:
979:
972:
947:
923:
899:
897:
894:
893:
892:
885:
882:
838:
835:
787:European Union
767:Akhmed Zakayev
749:Ruslan Gelayev
702:Grozny Airport
681:
678:
653:
650:
648:of 1994–1996.
590:
589:
587:
586:
581:
569:
564:
559:
554:
543:
542:
537:
532:
516:
511:
506:
497:Aksai incident
494:
489:
484:
479:
468:
467:
451:
442:
439:
438:
427:
426:
419:
412:
404:
396:
395:
391:
390:
387:
383:Chechen claim:
361:Russian claim:
357:
356:
352:
351:
348:
335:
334:
330:
329:
327:
326:
324:Ibn al-Khattab
314:
312:Akhmed Zakayev
302:
290:
288:Ruslan Gelayev
278:
276:Shamil Basayev
266:
253:
251:
249:
248:
236:
224:
212:
193:
180:
177:
176:
172:
171:
159:
158:
157:
132:
131:
127:
126:
123:
122:
121:
120:
117:
114:
107:
106:
102:
100:
96:
95:
56:
54:
50:
49:
48:(2 weeks)
44:
36:
35:
28:
27:
21:
20:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3126:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3084:Urban warfare
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3030:
3026:
3024:
3018:
3016:
3012:
3010:
3004:
3002:
2998:
2996:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2982:
2976:
2974:
2970:
2968:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2954:
2948:
2946:
2942:
2940:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2926:
2920:
2918:
2914:
2912:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2898:
2892:
2890:
2886:
2884:
2878:
2876:
2872:
2866:
2864:
2860:
2858:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2839:
2833:
2831:
2827:
2825:
2819:
2817:
2813:
2811:
2805:
2803:
2799:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2782:
2780:
2774:
2772:
2768:
2766:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2686:
2682:
2680:
2674:
2672:
2668:
2666:
2660:
2658:
2654:
2652:
2646:
2644:
2643:Muslim Atayev
2640:
2638:
2632:
2630:
2626:
2624:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2610:Vakha Arsanov
2607:
2605:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2591:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2574:
2572:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2558:
2552:
2550:
2546:
2544:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2530:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2516:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2502:
2496:
2494:
2490:
2488:
2482:
2480:
2476:
2474:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2461:
2455:
2452:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2400:
2396:
2384:
2380:
2378:
2372:
2370:
2366:
2364:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2350:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2315:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2305:Pavel Grachev
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2285:Boris Yeltsin
2283:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2213:Ground Forces
2211:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2187:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2125:
2124:List of films
2122:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2103:Kavkaz Center
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2019:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1929:Major attacks
1927:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1792:Shatoy ambush
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1758:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1720:
1716:
1709:
1704:
1702:
1697:
1695:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1679:
1676:Youngs, Tim.
1675:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1661:0-8330-2998-3
1658:
1654:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1472:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1440:
1438:9780890968567
1434:
1429:
1428:
1421:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1378:0-8157-2498-5
1374:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1312:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1286:
1274:
1269:
1262:
1257:
1250:
1245:
1238:
1233:
1226:
1221:
1214:
1209:
1202:
1197:
1188:
1179:
1172:
1167:
1160:
1156:
1151:
1144:
1139:
1132:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1115:
1110:
1103:
1098:
1091:
1086:
1084:
1076:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1059:
1054:
1047:
1042:
1034:
1032:9780814729632
1028:
1024:
1023:
1015:
1008:
1002:
995:
990:
988:
986:
984:
975:
969:
965:
964:
956:
954:
952:
944:. p. 31.
943:
942:
934:
932:
930:
928:
921:, p. 44.
920:
915:
913:
911:
909:
907:
905:
900:
891:
888:
887:
881:
879:
874:
872:
868:
864:
859:
857:
853:
849:
845:
834:
832:
828:
824:
819:
817:
813:
809:
803:
800:
794:
792:
791:Boris Yeltsin
788:
784:
779:
775:
772:
768:
764:
759:
757:
752:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
729:
725:
723:
719:
714:
711:
707:
703:
699:
694:
692:
688:
677:
675:
671:
670:Doku Zavgayev
667:
662:
660:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
630:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
585:
582:
578:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
549:
548:
547:
541:
538:
536:
533:
529:
525:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
503:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
474:
473:
472:
464:
460:
455:
452:
450:
447:
446:
445:
440:
435:
425:
420:
418:
413:
411:
406:
405:
402:
392:
388:
384:
377:
373:
366:1,407 wounded
362:
359:
358:
353:
349:
347:
343:
337:
336:
331:
325:
315:
313:
303:
301:
291:
289:
279:
277:
267:
265:
255:
254:
252:
247:
237:
235:
225:
223:
222:Doku Zavgayev
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2563:Arbi Barayev
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2336:Alu Alkhanov
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2098:Chechenpress
1947:
1796:
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1641:Faurby, Ib.
1619:September 2,
1617:. Retrieved
1613:the original
1608:
1595:September 2,
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1557:September 2,
1555:. Retrieved
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1537:September 2,
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1531:the original
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1414:September 2,
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1354:September 2,
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1305:September 2,
1303:. Retrieved
1299:the original
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1237:Bennett 1996
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246:Alu Alkhanov
135:
130:Belligerents
88:43.31; 45.69
15:
2398:Separatists
2262:Kadyrovites
2189:Federalists
2053:Mass graves
1752:(2009–2017)
1746:(2007–2015)
1740:(1999–2009)
1728:(1994–1996)
1090:Bunker 2003
871:the Kremlin
844:reparations
810:journalist
613:'s capital
575: [
522: [
500: [
457: [
300:Doku Umarov
206: [
86: /
3048:Categories
2802:Ali Taziev
2717:Mujahideen
2705:Combatants
2698:Mujahideen
2405:Combatants
2196:Combatants
2179:The Search
2068:Casualties
1673:pp 240–256
896:References
756:Mujahideen
652:Background
584:4th Grozny
562:3rd Grozny
487:2nd Grozny
477:Dolinskoye
449:1st Grozny
364:687 killed
2158:Alexandra
1950:hijacking
1159:Chapter 7
1005:Лукин О.
861:In 2000,
837:Aftermath
689:employed
642:ceasefire
471:1994–1995
378:destroyed
3001:Muhannad
2317:Chechnya
1022:Chechnya
963:Chechnya
884:See also
733:Memorial
722:Interfax
718:blokpost
698:Khankala
611:Chechnya
540:Gudermes
482:Khankala
333:Strength
62:Chechnya
53:Location
31:Part of
3023:†
3009:†
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2981:†
2967:†
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2939:†
2925:†
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2897:†
2883:†
2873:)
2867: (
2857:†
2838:†
2824:†
2810:†
2800:)
2794: (
2779:†
2765:†
2751:†
2741:Leaders
2679:†
2665:†
2651:†
2637:†
2623:†
2604:†
2590:†
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2473:†
2463:Leaders
2377:†
2363:†
2349:†
2325:†
2273:Leaders
1948:Avrasya
1282:Sources
389:Unknown
74:45°41′E
71:43°19′N
3027:
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1734:(1999)
1659:
1454:
1435:
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1029:
970:
685:staff
680:Battle
674:Grozny
615:Grozny
567:Shatoy
519:Vedeno
144:Russia
99:Result
58:Grozny
579:]
530:]
514:Bamut
504:]
465:]
210:]
2230:ODON
2225:OMON
1918:2008
1913:2007
1908:2006
1903:2005
1898:2004
1893:2003
1888:2002
1883:2001
1878:2000
1657:ISBN
1621:2013
1597:2013
1559:2013
1539:2013
1519:2013
1499:2013
1479:2013
1452:ISBN
1433:ISBN
1416:2013
1373:ISBN
1356:2013
1336:2013
1307:2013
1027:ISBN
968:ISBN
747:and
741:OMON
708:and
597:The
546:1996
376:APCs
372:IFVs
346:APCs
342:IFVs
340:200
43:Date
2870:POW
2797:POW
2137:War
1946:MV
880:."
808:ORT
710:GRU
706:FSB
605:or
370:69
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