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The
Patriot ambush was spoiled when Hutchings' inexperienced militiamen opened fire too early. Dunmore's disciplined regulars returned fire, moving through the woods to flush out the rebels. The militia scattered, and in the ensuing chase, Hutchings was captured by one of his former slaves. Lawson
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Dunmore's search of the Great Bridge area the next day confirmed that the rumors were false, but heard of the militia mustering at Kemp's
Landing. Leaving a company of troops to defend the causeway to the bridge and begin construction of defenses, he took 100 regulars and 20 Loyalists toward Kemp's
700:
After securing the town, Dunmore raised the
British standard, and read out the text of his proclamation. The next day more than 100 militiamen who had previously opposed him swore an oath to the Crown, claiming that they had been forced into arms by the Patriots. Dunmore then moved on to Norfolk,
592:
to
Virginia in response to pleas by Dunmore for military help. These troops began raiding surrounding counties for rebel military supplies on October 12. This activity continued through the end of October, when a small British ship ran aground and was captured by Whigs during a skirmish near
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Incidents continued between Whigs on one side and Tories on the other until
October, when Dunmore had acquired enough military support to begin operations, and the rebellious Whigs had accumulated a significant body of men at Williamsburg. General
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that dominated the colonial legislature. Although the incident was resolved without violence, Dunmore, fearing for his personal safety, left
Williamsburg in June 1775 and placed his family on board a
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to be called out. About 170 men responded to the militia call issued by Joseph
Hutchings, the local militia commander, and Anthony Lawson, a prominent local landowner. They mustered at
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Woodford's force eventually reached Great Bridge, and was joined by companies from North
Carolina. This threat prompted Dunmore to order an attack against them; in the December 9
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on
January 1, 1776, by a combination of Patriot and Loyalist action. He continued raiding operations against Virginia coastal communities until August 1776, when he departed for
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was able to escape the battle, but was captured a few days later. In total, 18 Patriots were captured and seven were killed; one
British soldier suffered a single minor wound.
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Detail of a 1770s map of eastern Virginia. Oriented with North at the bottom of the map, Kemp's Landing is near the center of the map, and Norfolk is to its right (west).
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in control of the provincial assembly had begun recruiting troops by March 1775, leading to a struggle for control of the colony's military supplies. Under orders from
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belonging to Patriot owners if they served in the British military. This increased opposition to his activities, and he was eventually forced to leave Virginia.
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that turned out to be false; he instead moved against the Princess Anne militia, defeating their attempt at an ambush and routing them.
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621:. These local forces supplemented the two companies of the 14th Foot that were the sole British military presence in the colony.
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641:, did not leave Williamsburg until November 7 due to shortages of equipment and supplies. They were prevented from crossing the
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troops and militia in a skirmish that resulted in the killing and capture of several sailors. Dunmore reacted to this event by
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began organizing troops at Williamsburg to send to Norfolk in response to Dunmore's actions. The forces raised, led by
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tendencies. The threat posed by this fleet may have played a role in minimizing Whig activity in the town.
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where he again raised the standard, and began developing defenses in and around the town.
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The Southern Strategy: Britain's conquest of South Carolina and Georgia, 1775â1780
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Woodford won a decisive victory. Dunmore afterward withdrew from Norfolk, which
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were raised in April 1775 at roughly the same time that the hostilities of the
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Battles in the Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War 1775â1779
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ship, landed "109 Rank and file, with 22 Voluntteers from Norfolk" near
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The Common Cause: Creating Race and Nation in the American Revolution
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on November 7 in which he declared martial law, and offered to
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troops under the command of Virginia's last colonial governor,
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in 1963; Kempsville is now an urban neighborhood of the city.
597:. Navy boats sent to punish the townspeople were repulsed by
1076:
The Virginia magazine of history and biography, volume 14
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1005:. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.
617:, as well as raising a company of Tories he called the
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Battles of the American Revolutionary War in Virginia
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Whig-held slaves in Virginia willing to serve in the
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Virginia Beach: A History of Virginia's Golden Shore
1024:. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press.
572:ship. He then assembled a small British fleet at
505:Dunmore followed up the victory with a reading of
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983:The American Revolution in the Southern colonies
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653:on November 14, to investigate rumors that
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16:Skirmish in the American Revolutionary War
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959:Selby, John E; Higginbotham, Don (2007).
727:. Princess Anne County was merged into
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719:Kemp's Landing incorporated in 1778 as
661:. His landing prompted the militia of
494:. Dunmore was investigating rumors of
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657:militia had arrived in the area from
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1073:Virginia Historical Society (1906).
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466:that occurred on November 15, 1775.
1431:History of Virginia Beach, Virginia
1426:Battles involving the United States
1128:Virginia in the American Revolution
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619:Queen's Own Loyal Virginia Regiment
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1212:Give me liberty, or give me death!
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889:Selby and Higginbotham, pp. 63â64
723:, and became the county seat for
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677:John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore
560:from the colonial storehouse in
550:John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore
542:Battles of Lexington and Concord
193:John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore
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1233:Formation of Ethiopian Regiment
1223:Formation of Culpeper Minutemen
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1299:Virginia Declaration of Rights
1079:. Virginia Historical Society.
1039:Yarsinske, Amy Waters (2002).
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767:Selby and Higginbotham, p. 64
538:Province of Massachusetts Bay
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1363:Battle of Spencer's Ordinary
1001:Parkinson, Roger G. (2016).
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490:, that had landed at nearby
134:Virginia Committee of Safety
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1043:. Charleston, SC: Arcadia.
980:Russell, David Lee (2000).
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1338:Skirmish at Waters Creek
1238:Battle of Kemp's Landing
1020:Wilson, David K (2005).
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452:Battle of Kemp's Landing
71:Virginia Beach, Virginia
65:Kemp's Landing, Virginia
24:Battle of Kemp's Landing
179:Joseph Hutchings (
1368:Battle of Green Spring
1243:Battle of Great Bridge
1228:Dunmore's Proclamation
706:Battle of Great Bridge
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603:writing a proclamation
456:Skirmish of Kempsville
174:Commanders and leaders
1358:Raid on Point of Fork
1201:Fincastle Resolutions
946:Yarsinske, pp. 97,187
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590:14th Regiment of Foot
217:Casualties and losses
92:36.82694°N 76.16028°W
1343:Battle of Cape Henry
1154:Virginia Association
725:Princess Anne County
663:Princess Anne County
498:troop arrivals from
476:Province of Virginia
472:Princess Anne County
454:, also known as the
326:Moore's Creek Bridge
156:Province of Virginia
1353:Action at Osborne's
1348:Battle of Blandford
1289:Augusta Declaration
1092:period news account
631:Committee of Safety
299:Savage's Old Fields
97:36.82694; -76.16028
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1274:Burning of Norfolk
1218:Gunpowder Incident
928:Russell, pp. 74â76
919:Russell, pp. 72â73
790:Russell, pp. 49â50
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530:Colony of Virginia
422:Lake Pontchartrain
284:Gunpowder Incident
1411:Conflicts in 1775
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1383:Siege of Yorktown
1373:Francisco's Fight
1148:Virginia Resolves
1050:978-0-7385-2402-3
993:978-0-7864-0783-5
972:978-0-87935-233-2
781:Parkinson, p. 153
558:removed gunpowder
556:, British troops
536:broke out in the
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29:Part of the
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629:Virginia's
586:Thomas Gage
511:martial law
482:to counter
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412:Stono Ferry
402:Brier Creek
224:18 captured
204:170 militia
95: /
1400:Categories
953:References
721:Kempsville
647:Royal Navy
607:emancipate
570:Royal Navy
521:Background
509:declaring
331:Rice Boats
212:20 militia
83:76°09â˛37âłW
80:36°49â˛37âłN
1059:183259987
696:Aftermath
683:Landing.
540:with the
417:Fort Bute
392:Van Creek
270:1775â1779
227:1 wounded
687:Skirmish
637:Colonel
474:in the
460:skirmish
458:, was a
387:Beaufort
222:7 killed
209:infantry
199:Strength
165:Loyalist
60:Location
655:Patriot
625:Prelude
595:Hampton
574:Norfolk
527:British
496:Patriot
484:British
468:Militia
462:in the
321:Norfolk
167:militia
142:militia
140:Patriot
69:now in
1156:(1769)
1150:(1765)
1144:(1763)
1057:
1047:
1028:
1009:
990:
969:
552:, the
515:slaves
108:Result
1135:Early
735:Notes
566:Whigs
546:Whigs
1326:1781
1310:1779
1267:1776
1194:1775
1173:1774
1055:OCLC
1045:ISBN
1026:ISBN
1007:ISBN
988:ISBN
967:ISBN
450:The
381:1779
364:1778
352:1777
315:1776
279:1775
207:100
52:Date
182:POW
1402::
1053:.
894:^
858:^
772:^
742:^
716:.
1214:"
1210:"
1120:e
1113:t
1106:v
1061:.
1034:.
1015:.
996:.
975:.
256:e
249:t
242:v
185:)
67:;
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