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would employ in the future. In his report of the battle, Sherman wrote, "I perceived that the enemy and our officers had settled down into a conviction that I would not assault fortified lines. All looked to me to outflank. An army to be efficient, must not settle down to a single mode of offence, but must be prepared to execute any plan which promises success. I wanted, therefore, for the moral effect, to make a successful assault against the enemy behind his breastworks, and resolved to attempt it at that point where success would give the largest fruits of victory."
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832:'s brigade advanced down a slope to a creek and then crossed a wheat field to ascend the slope of Cheatham Hill. When they reached within a few yards of the Confederate works, the line halted, crouched, and began firing. But the Confederate counter fire was too strong and McCook's brigade lost two commanders (McCook and his replacement, Colonel Oscar F. Harmon), nearly all of its field officers, and a third of its men. McCook was killed on the Confederate parapet as he slashed with his sword and shouted "Surrender, you traitors!" Colonel
740:, Army of the Tennessee) moving against Loring's corps on the southern end of Little Kennesaw Mountain and the spur known as Pigeon Hill near the Burnt Hickory Road. If the attack were successful, capturing Pigeon Hill would isolate Loring's corps on Kennesaw Mountain. All three brigades were disadvantaged by the approach through dense thickets, steep and rocky slopes, and a lack of knowledge of the terrain. About 5,500 Union troops in two columns of regiments moved against about 5,000 Confederate soldiers, well entrenched.
752:
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1076:; McMurry, p. 109; Bailey, p. 74. Albert Castel's definitive campaign history lists (p. 319) Union casualties broken down as Logan's corps 586, Newton's 654, and Davis's 824; 17 missing from Logan's corps and approximately 300 prisoners from Newton's and Davis's divisions; 57 and 200 casualties respectively in the XVI and XVII Corps while demonstrating against the Confederate right; and approximately 300 for backup units of the IV and XIV Corps and skirmishers of the XX and XXIII Corps.
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638:, and Johnston's supply line on the Western & Atlantic Railroad. Unfortunately for Sherman, McPherson encountered a small Confederate force entrenched in the outskirts of Resaca and cautiously pulled back to Snake Creek Gap, squandering the opportunity to trap the Confederate army. As Sherman swung his entire army in the direction of Resaca, Johnston retired to take up positions there. Full scale fighting erupted in the
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infantry, and to make a major assault on the southwestern end of Little
Kennesaw Mountain. Meanwhile, Thomas's army was to conduct the principal attack against the Confederate fortifications in the center of their line, and Schofield was to demonstrate on the Confederate left flank and attack somewhere near the Powder Springs Road "as he can with the prospect of success."
776:. Some of the troops were able to reach as far as the abatis, but most were not and they were forced to remain stationary, firing behind trees and rocks. When General Logan rode forward to judge their progress, he determined that many of his men were being "uselessly slain" and ordered Walcutt and Smith to withdraw and entrench behind the gorge that separated the lines.
690:) was established by June 4 northwest of Marietta, along Lost Mountain, Pine Mountain, and Brush Mountain. On June 14, following eleven days of steady rain, Sherman was ready to move again. While on a personal reconnaissance, he spotted a group of Confederate officers on Pine Mountain and ordered one of his artillery batteries to open fire. Lieutenant General
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exploit it." The opposing forces spent five days facing each other at close range, but on July 2, with good summer weather at hand, Sherman sent the Army of the
Tennessee and Stoneman's cavalry around the Confederate left flank and Johnston was forced to withdraw from Kennesaw Mountain to prepared positions at
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Kennesaw
Mountain was not Sherman's first large-scale frontal assault of the war, but it was his last. He interrupted his string of successful flanking maneuvers in the Atlanta campaign for the logistical reasons mentioned earlier, but also so that he could keep Johnston guessing about the tactics he
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Sherman's plan was first to induce
Johnston to thin out and weaken his line by ordering Schofield to extend his army to the right. Then McPherson was to make a feint on his extreme left—the northern outskirts of Marietta and the northeastern end of Kennesaw Mountain—with his cavalry and a division of
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and finished batteries. We gain ground daily, fighting all the time. ... Our lines are now in close contact and the fighting incessant, with a good deal of artillery. As fast as we gain one position the enemy has another all ready. ... Kennesaw ... is the key to the whole country." Sherman decided to
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Kennesaw
Mountain is usually considered a significant Union tactical defeat, but Richard M. McMurry wrote, "Tactically Johnston had won a minor defensive triumph on Loring's and Hardee's lines. Schofield's success, however, gave Sherman a great advantage, and the federal commander quickly decided to
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Sherman's armies suffered about 3,000 casualties in comparison to
Johnston's 1,000. The Union general was not initially deterred by these losses and he twice asked Thomas to renew the assault. "Our loss is small, compared to some of those East." The Rock of Chickamauga replied, however, "One or two
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was forced to advance through a knee-deep swamp, and were stopped short of the
Confederate breastworks on the southern end of Pigeon Hill by enfilading fire. They were able to overrun the rifle pits in front of the works, but could not pierce the main Confederate line. To their left, the brigades of
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At 8:00 a.m. on June 27, Union artillery opened a furious bombardment with over 200 guns on the
Confederate works and the Rebel artillery responded in kind. Lieutenant Colonel Joseph S. Fullerton wrote, "Kennesaw smoked and blazed with fire, a volcano as grand as Etna." As the Federal infantry began
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had emphasized throughout the war, but Grant was the first general who actively cooperated with it. As their campaigns progressed, however, the political importance of the cities of
Richmond and Atlanta began to dominate their strategy. By 1864, Atlanta was a critical target. The city of 20,000 was
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Sherman was in a difficult position, stalled 15 miles (24 km) north of
Atlanta. He could not continue his strategy of moving around Johnston's flank because of the impassable roads, and his railroad supply line was dominated by Johnston's position on the top of 691 feet (211 m) Kennesaw
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advanced, but did not join in Davis's attack. Considerably farther to the right, however, was the site of the only success of the day. Schofield's army had been assigned to demonstrate against the Confederate left and he was able to put two brigades across Olley's Creek without resistance. That
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Davis's division, to the right of Newton's, also advanced in column formation. While such a movement offered the opportunity for a quick breakthrough by massing power against a narrow point, it also had the disadvantage of offering a large concentrated target to enemy guns. Their orders were to
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Sherman's 1864 campaign against Atlanta began with a series of flanking maneuvers that compelled Johnston's forces to withdraw from heavily fortified positions with minimal casualties on either side. After two months and 70 miles (110 km) of such maneuvering, Sherman's path was blocked by
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On July 8, Sherman outflanked Johnston again—for the first time on his right—by sending Schofield to cross the Chattahoochee near the mouth of Sope Creek. The last major geographic barrier to entering Atlanta had been overcome. Alarmed at the imminent danger posed to the city of Atlanta, and
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line May 18–19. Johnston planned to defeat part of Sherman's force as it approached on multiple routes, but Hood became uncharacteristically cautious and feared encirclement, failing to attack as ordered. Encouraged by Hood and Polk, Johnston ordered another withdrawal, this time across the
1286:"Well, on the fatal morning of June 27th, the sun rose clear and cloudless, the heavens seemed made of brass, and the earth of hot iron, and as the sun began to mount toward the zenith, everything became quiet, and no sound was heard save a peckerwood on a neighboring tree...."
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moving soon afterward, the Confederates quickly determined that much of the 8 miles (13 km) wide advance consisted of demonstrations rather than concerted assaults. The first of those assaults began at around 8:30 a.m., with three brigades of Brigadier General
694:, the "Fighting Bishop", was killed and Johnston withdrew his men from Pine Mountain, establishing a new line in an arc-shaped defensive position from Kennesaw Mountain to Little Kennesaw Mountain. Hood's corps attempted an unsuccessful attack at Peter Kolb's farm (the
923:(August 31 and September 1), Hood attacked again to save his railroad, but was unsuccessful and was forced to evacuate Atlanta. Sherman's men entered the city on September 2 and Sherman telegraphed President Lincoln, "Atlanta is ours, and fairly won." This
919:(July 28), in all of which he suffered enormous casualties without tactical advantage. Sherman besieged Atlanta for the month of August, but sent almost his entire force swinging to the south to cut off the city's last remaining railroad connection. In the
523:
founded at the intersection of four important railroad lines that supplied the Confederacy and was a military manufacturing arsenal in its own right. Atlanta's nickname of "Gate City of the South" was apt—its capture would open virtually the entire
836:'s brigade on McCook's right suffered similar losses. After ferocious hand-to-hand fighting, the Union troops dug in across from the Confederates, ending the fighting around 10:45 a.m. Both sides nicknamed this place the "Dead Angle".
527:
to Union conquest. Grant's orders to Sherman were to "move against Johnston's Army, to break it up and to get into the interior of the enemy's country as far as you can, inflicting all the damage you can against their war resources."
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About 2 miles (3.2 km) to the south, Thomas's troops were behind schedule, but began their main attack against Hardee's corps at 9:00 a.m. Two divisions of the Army of the Cumberland—about 9,000 men under Brigadier General
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Both Grant and Sherman initially had objectives to engage with and destroy the two principal armies of the Confederacy, relegating the capture of important enemy cities to a secondary, supporting role. This was a strategy that
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and named general in chief of the Union Army. He devised a strategy of multiple, simultaneous offensives against the Confederacy, hoping to prevent any of the rebel armies from reinforcing the others over
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achieved a strategic success by threatening the Confederate army's left flank, prompting yet another Confederate withdrawal toward Atlanta and the removal of General Johnston from command of the army.
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more such assaults would use up this army." A few days later Sherman wrote to his wife, "I begin to regard the death and mangling of couple thousand men as a small affair, a kind of morning dash."
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Sherman's campaign began on May 7, as his three armies departed from the vicinity of Chattanooga. He launched demonstration attacks against Johnston's position on the long, high mountain named
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advance silently, capture the works, and then cheer to give a signal to the reserve divisions to move forward to secure the railroad and cut the Confederate army in two. Colonel
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686:. By June 1, heavy rains turned the roads to quagmires and Sherman was forced to return to the railroad to supply his men. Johnston's new line (called the
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Mountain. He reported to Washington "The whole country is one vast fort, and Johnston must have at least 50 miles (80 km) of connected trenches with
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Livermore, pp. 120–21. Eicher, pp. 696–97, gives total army strengths at the beginning of the campaign as 98,500 Union, 50,000 Confederate.
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break the stalemate by attacking Johnston's position on Kennesaw Mountain. He issued orders on June 24 for an 8:00 a.m. attack on June 27.
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crossed difficult terrain interrupted by steep cliffs and scattered with huge rocks to approach the Missouri brigade of Brigadier General
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Kennedy, pp. 339–43; McPherson, pp. 774–75. The other two significant factors contributing to Lincoln's reelection were the capture of
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on May 14–15 but there was no conclusive result and Sherman flanked Johnston for a second time by crossing the
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while McPherson's Army of the Tennessee advanced stealthily around Johnston's left flank toward the town of
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and its partners have saved almost four acres of battlefield land outside the park as of mid-2023.
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1333:"History & Culture - Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park (U.S. National Park Service)"
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907:, who was temporarily promoted to full general. Hood proceeded to attack Sherman in battles at
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at the center of the Confederate line. Both attacks were repulsed with heavy losses, but a
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feinted against the northern end of Kennesaw Mountain, while his corps under Major General
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1291:"Co. Aytch": Maury Grays, First Tennessee Regiment; or, A Side Show of the Big Show
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Sherman's force of about 100,000 men was composed of three subordinate armies: the
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1528:. Oxford History of the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
860:, closer to the last river protecting Atlanta than any unit in Johnston's army.
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was arguably one of the key factors enabling Lincoln's reelection in November.
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assaulted Pigeon Hill on its southwest corner. At the same time, Major General
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relieved Johnston of command on July 17, replacing him with the aggressive
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in November 1863. The 50,000-man army consisted of the infantry corps of
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and was repulsed. During a second charge, Harker was mortally wounded.
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1040:"American Battlefield Protection Program (U.S. National Park Service)"
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1477:
Guide to the Atlanta Campaign: Rocky Face Ridge to Kennesaw Mountain
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218:
535:(Grant's and later Sherman's army of 1862–63) under Major General
872:
Map of Kennesaw Mountain Battlefield core and study areas by the
759:
On the right of Smith's attack, the brigade of Brigadier General
743:
1599:
5219:
List of films and television shows about the American Civil War
947:(see the section entitled "Dead Angle, on the Kennesaw Line").
707:
499:'s army directly and advance toward the Confederate capital of
1572:
Kennesaw Mountain: Sherman, Johnston, and the Atlanta Campaign
698:) south of Little Kennesaw Mountain on June 22. Major General
1708:
1464:. Reprinted with errata, Dayton, OH: Morninside House, 1986.
2941:
44:
The Army of the Cumberland swinging around Kennesaw Mountain
487:. The two most significant of these were by Major General
5286:
Battles of the American Civil War in Georgia (U.S. state)
1574:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2013.
5291:
Battles of the Western Theater of the American Civil War
1639:: Battle maps, history articles, and preservation news (
1379:
Bailey, Ronald H., and the Editors of Time-Life Books.
896:
frustrated with the strategy of continual withdrawals,
755:"Federal entrenchments at the foot of Kenesaw Mountain"
747:
Confederate position at the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain
1462:
Numbers and Losses in the Civil War in America 1861–65
1413:
The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War
614:
The Atlanta Campaign from Dalton to Kennesaw Mountain
2273:
1541:
The Union Army, 1861–1865 Organization and Operations
646:. As Johnston withdrew again, skirmishing erupted at
606:
Confederate troops dragging guns up Kennesaw Mountain
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in Chattanooga. All these efforts were unsuccessful.
1187:
Welcher, pp. 450–51; Kennedy, p. 338; Bailey, p. 74.
820:charged the Tennessee brigade of Brigadier General
495:, accompanied by Grant himself, which would attack
405:. The most significant frontal assault launched by
1586:Strong, Robert Hale (1961). Halsey, Ashley (ed.).
1396:Decision in the West: The Atlanta Campaign of 1864
702:succeeded in temporarily commanding Polk's corps.
650:on May 17 and more general fighting on Johnston's
1457:. First published in 1929 by Dodd, Mead & Co.
852:movement, along with an advance by Major General
5267:
4905:Confederate States presidential election of 1861
1121:Luvaas and Nelson, pp. 173–246; Kennedy, p. 336.
935:The battle is described from the perspective of
839:To the right of Davis's division, Major General
597:
5296:Confederate victories of the American Civil War
1547:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1993.
1509:. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2000.
1490:McDonough, James Lee, and James Pickett Jones.
662:Johnston's army took up defensive positions at
559:. Their principal opponent was the Confederate
4729:Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S.
1479:. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2008.
1432:. 2nd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1998.
1398:. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1992.
2615:
2259:
1694:
1507:Atlanta 1864: Last Chance for the Confederacy
234:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1618:. Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2014.
1472:. First published 1901 by Houghton Mifflin.
957:Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park
736:'s division (Major General John A. Logan's
2622:
2608:
2266:
2252:
1701:
1687:
1494:. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1987,
1055:
1053:
930:
590:, and a cavalry corps under Major General
241:
227:
2289:Georgia Constitutional Convention of 1861
1710:Western theater of the American Civil War
1383:. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books, 1985.
1062:
2818:Treatment of slaves in the United States
1559:National Park Service battle description
1525:Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era
1475:Luvaas, Jay, and Harold W. Nelson, eds.
1415:. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001.
867:
750:
742:
718:
609:
601:
397:was fought on June 27, 1864, during the
4561:Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War
2733:South Carolina Declaration of Secession
1381:Battles for Atlanta: Sherman Moves East
1050:
874:American Battlefield Protection Program
5268:
4546:Modern display of the Confederate flag
2629:
1585:
1094:Bailey, pp. 20–21; Eicher, pp. 696–97.
1003:Kennesaw Mountain Battlefield approach
979:Kennesaw Mountain Battlefield Monument
955:The site of the battle is now part of
4764:
4153:
3717:
2940:
2743:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
2641:
2603:
2247:
1682:
1304:
1265:and the defeat of Lieutenant General
1130:Kennedy, p. 336; Welcher, pp. 447–48.
943:of the Confederate Army, in the book
222:
16:1864 battle of the American Civil War
2582:
1492:War So Terrible: Sherman and Atlanta
1169:Castel, pp. 311–13; Kennedy, p. 338.
991:Kennesaw Mountain Battlefield cannon
950:
505:Military Division of the Mississippi
248:
157:Military Division of the Mississippi
4900:Committee on the Conduct of the War
4576:United Daughters of the Confederacy
1447:Sherman: Soldier, Realist, American
1287:
1178:Kennedy, p. 338; Bailey, pp. 69–70.
13:
4970:U.S. Presidential Election of 1864
4765:
4309:impeachment managers investigation
2688:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
1564:
1147:'s infantry division of Maj. Gen.
1085:Eicher, p. 661; McPherson, p. 722.
14:
5317:
4395:Reconstruction military districts
2843:Abolitionism in the United States
2798:Plantations in the American South
2713:Origins of the American Civil War
2275:Georgia in the American Civil War
1630:
1449:. New York: Da Capo Press, 1993.
567:, who had replaced the unpopular
5249:
5240:
5239:
4378:Enforcement Act of February 1871
4351:Pulaski (Tennessee) riot of 1867
2581:
2572:
2571:
2489:Second Battle of Fort McAllister
2213:
2172:
1008:
996:
984:
972:
454:launched strong attacks against
120:
102:
37:
5163:New York City Gold Hoax of 1864
5025:When Johnny Comes Marching Home
4586:Wilmington insurrection of 1898
2326:First Battle of Fort McAllister
1799:Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers
1637:The Battle of Kennesaw Mountain
1616:The Battle of Kennesaw Mountain
1429:The Civil War Battlefield Guide
1351:"Kennesaw Mountain Battlefield"
1343:
1325:
1298:
1280:
1251:
1242:
1233:
1208:
1199:
1190:
1181:
1172:
1163:
1160:Bailey, p. 66; Welcher, p. 449.
1154:
1133:
941:1st Tennessee Infantry Regiment
4266:Southern Homestead Act of 1866
1305:Leigh, Phil (March 15, 2013).
1124:
1115:
1106:
1097:
1088:
1079:
1032:
1:
4681:Ladies' Memorial Associations
4383:Enforcement Act of April 1871
4279:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
4154:
1373:
1214:Sherman frontal-assaulted at
843:'s division of Major General
598:Start of the Atlanta campaign
469:
5276:1864 in Georgia (U.S. state)
4814:Confederate revolving cannon
4556:Sons of Confederate Veterans
4427:South Carolina riots of 1876
4405:Indian Council at Fort Smith
4356:South Carolina riots of 1876
4321:Knights of the White Camelia
2813:Slavery in the United States
2336:Battle of Davis' Cross Roads
2066:(Sherman's March to the Sea)
1588:A Yankee Private's Civil War
1139:Welcher, p. 449: Brig. Gen.
863:
7:
5168:New York City riots of 1863
4993:Battle Hymn of the Republic
4744:United Confederate Veterans
4581:Children of the Confederacy
4571:United Confederate Veterans
4566:Southern Historical Society
3718:
3198:Price's Missouri Expedition
2668:Timeline leading to the War
2642:
2512:Special Field Orders No. 15
2452:Battle of Lovejoy's Station
2412:Battle of Kennesaw Mountain
1269:'s Confederate army in the
1226:and on the northern end of
723:Battle of Kennesaw Mountain
547:; and the relatively small
434:imposing fortifications on
395:Battle of Kennesaw Mountain
24:Battle of Kennesaw Mountain
10:
5322:
5136:Confederate Secret Service
4724:Grand Army of the Republic
4616:Grand Army of the Republic
4434:Southern Claims Commission
2474:Sherman's March to the Sea
2367:Battle of Rocky Face Ridge
1356:American Battlefield Trust
1143:'s cavalry and Brig. Gen.
961:American Battlefield Trust
5235:
5211:
5124:Confederate States dollar
5096:
5038:
4983:
4935:Habeas Corpus Act of 1863
4930:Emancipation Proclamation
4892:
4824:Medal of Honor recipients
4781:
4777:
4760:
4712:Confederate Memorial Hall
4694:
4673:
4631:
4603:
4594:
4514:Confederate Memorial Hall
4487:Confederate History Month
4467:Civil War Discovery Trail
4447:
4368:Habeas Corpus Act of 1867
4199:
4174:Reconstruction Amendments
4164:
4160:
4149:
4071:
3940:
3933:
3873:
3737:
3730:
3726:
3713:
3655:
3402:
3395:
3226:
3082:
3041:
3009:
2976:
2969:
2965:
2936:
2833:
2783:Emancipation Proclamation
2751:
2652:
2648:
2637:
2567:
2551:
2530:
2504:
2494:Battle of Altamaha Bridge
2484:Battle of Buck Head Creek
2422:Battle of Peachtree Creek
2387:Battle of New Hope Church
2349:
2318:
2297:
2281:
2212:
2170:
2163:
2143:
2127:
2118:
2073:
2016:
2007:
1962:
1916:
1907:
1842:
1781:
1772:
1749:
1725:
1716:
1426:Kennedy, Frances H., ed.
714:
507:, who would advance from
260:
200:
187:
149:
132:
95:
49:
36:
28:
23:
5198:U.S. Sanitary Commission
5109:Battlefield preservation
5015:Marching Through Georgia
4940:Hampton Roads Conference
4915:Confiscation Act of 1862
4910:Confiscation Act of 1861
4686:U.S. national cemeteries
4492:Confederate Memorial Day
4477:Civil War Trails Program
4346:New Orleans riot of 1866
2397:Battle of Pickett's Mill
1794:New Madrid-Island No. 10
1026:
792:) and Brigadier General
5119:Confederate war finance
4739:Southern Cross of Honor
4707:1938 Gettysburg reunion
4702:1913 Gettysburg reunion
4400:Reconstruction Treaties
4373:Enforcement Act of 1870
4256:Freedman's Savings Bank
2873:Lane Debates on Slavery
2698:Lincoln–Douglas debates
2479:Battle of Griswoldville
2469:Second Battle of Tilton
2447:Second Battle of Dalton
1307:"Private Watkins's War"
931:A soldier's perspective
563:, commanded by General
57:June 27, 1864
5178:Richmond riots of 1863
5104:Baltimore riot of 1861
4884:U.S. Military Railroad
4804:Confederate Home Guard
4536:Historiographic issues
4502:Historical reenactment
3001:Revenue Cutter Service
2868:William Lloyd Garrison
2777:Dred Scott v. Sandford
2457:Battle of Jonesborough
2437:Battle of Brown's Mill
2417:Battle of Pace's Ferry
2377:First Battle of Tilton
2357:First Battle of Dalton
2341:Battle of Ringgold Gap
2305:Great Locomotive Chase
1804:New Orleans Expedition
1248:McMurry, pp. 110, 113.
876:
768:and Brigadier General
761:Joseph A. J. Lightburn
756:
748:
724:
627:
607:
555:) under Major General
551:(composed of only the
541:Army of the Cumberland
509:Chattanooga, Tennessee
165:Army of the Cumberland
133:Commanders and leaders
5143:Great Revival of 1863
5020:Maryland, My Maryland
4809:Confederate railroads
4472:Civil War Roundtables
4341:Meridian riot of 1871
4336:Memphis riots of 1866
2893:George Luther Stearns
2878:Elijah Parish Lovejoy
2771:Crittenden Compromise
2432:Battle of Ezra Church
2407:Battle of Kolb's Farm
2382:Battle of Adairsville
2331:Battle of Chickamauga
2310:Siege of Fort Pulaski
1592:Henry Regnery Company
1460:Livermore, Thomas L.
1239:Liddell Hart, p. 266.
1149:Francis P. Blair, Jr.
939:, a volunteer in the
898:Confederate president
871:
754:
746:
722:
696:Battle of Kolb's Farm
613:
605:
533:Army of the Tennessee
201:Casualties and losses
175:Army of the Tennessee
5030:Daar kom die Alibama
4945:National Union Party
4621:memorials to Lincoln
4541:Lost Cause mythology
4246:Eufaula riot of 1874
4234:Confederate refugees
3447:District of Columbia
3074:Union naval blockade
2920:Underground Railroad
2708:Nullification crisis
2517:Battle of West Point
2442:Battle of Utoy Creek
2039:Forrest's Expedition
1980:Siege of Port Hudson
1834:West Tennessee Raids
1614:Vermilya, Daniel J.
1505:McMurry, Richard M.
1112:Kennedy, pp. 326–31.
806:Benjamin F. Cheatham
688:Brushy Mountain Line
571:after his defeat in
543:under Major General
74:Cobb County, Georgia
5188:Supreme Court cases
4955:Radical Republicans
4734:Old soldiers' homes
4718:Confederate Veteran
4644:artworks in Capitol
4363:Reconstruction acts
4224:Colfax riot of 1873
3188:Richmond-Petersburg
2793:Fugitive slave laws
2723:Popular sovereignty
2703:Missouri Compromise
2693:Kansas-Nebraska Act
2464:Battle of Allatoona
1665:33.9363°N 84.5979°W
1661: /
1545:The Western Theater
1521:McPherson, James M.
1444:Liddell Hart, B. H.
1145:Mortimer D. Leggett
1103:Eicher, pp. 696–97.
921:Battle of Jonesboro
858:Chattahoochee River
810:Patrick R. Cleburne
577:lieutenant generals
493:Army of the Potomac
5009:A Lincoln Portrait
4950:Politicians killed
4874:U.S. Balloon Corps
4869:Union corps badges
4649:memorials to Davis
4519:Disenfranchisement
4390:Reconstruction era
4271:Timber Culture Act
4229:Compromise of 1877
3193:Franklin–Nashville
2863:Frederick Douglass
2766:Cornerstone Speech
2683:Compromise of 1850
2631:American Civil War
2522:Battle of Columbus
2402:Battle of Marietta
2054:Franklin–Nashville
1975:Siege of Vicksburg
1594:. pp. 33–41.
1539:Welcher, Frank J.
1311:The New York Times
1224:Vicksburg Campaign
877:
794:Jefferson C. Davis
766:Charles C. Walcutt
757:
749:
725:
628:
608:
565:Joseph E. Johnston
537:James B. McPherson
501:Richmond, Virginia
480:lieutenant general
444:James B. McPherson
424:Joseph E. Johnston
413:William T. Sherman
403:American Civil War
144:Joseph E. Johnston
139:William T. Sherman
31:American Civil War
5301:Conflicts in 1864
5263:
5262:
5231:
5230:
5227:
5226:
5061:Italian Americans
5046:African Americans
5003:John Brown's Body
4756:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4669:
4668:
4507:Robert E. Lee Day
4251:Freedmen's Bureau
4214:Brooks–Baxter War
4145:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4137:
4136:
3929:
3928:
3709:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3118:Northern Virginia
3064:Trans-Mississippi
3037:
3036:
2932:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2824:Uncle Tom's Cabin
2761:African Americans
2597:
2596:
2427:Battle of Atlanta
2241:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2159:
2158:
2114:
2113:
2081:Kennesaw Mountain
2034:Camden Expedition
2003:
2002:
1903:
1902:
1768:
1767:
1670:33.9363; -84.5979
1624:978-1-62619-388-8
1580:978-1-4696-0211-0
1485:978-0-7006-1570-4
1288:Watkins, Samuel.
1271:Shenandoah Valley
1024:
1023:
1016:Illinois Monument
951:Battlefield today
818:Charles G. Harker
700:William W. Loring
619: Confederate
580:William J. Hardee
561:Army of Tennessee
557:John M. Schofield
464:John M. Schofield
462:by Major General
440:Marietta, Georgia
436:Kennesaw Mountain
420:Army of Tennessee
388:
387:
375:Lovejoy's Station
320:Kennesaw Mountain
217:
216:
182:Army of Tennessee
127:CSA (Confederacy)
91:
90:
5313:
5306:June 1864 events
5281:Atlanta campaign
5253:
5243:
5242:
5066:Native Americans
5051:German Americans
4844:Partisan rangers
4839:Official Records
4779:
4778:
4762:
4761:
4654:memorials to Lee
4601:
4600:
4162:
4161:
4151:
4150:
3938:
3937:
3735:
3734:
3728:
3727:
3715:
3714:
3688:Washington, D.C.
3482:Indian Territory
3442:Dakota Territory
3400:
3399:
3317:Chancellorsville
3108:Jackson's Valley
3098:Blockade runners
2974:
2973:
2967:
2966:
2938:
2937:
2898:Thaddeus Stevens
2888:Lysander Spooner
2848:Susan B. Anthony
2650:
2649:
2639:
2638:
2624:
2617:
2610:
2601:
2600:
2585:
2584:
2575:
2574:
2392:Battle of Dallas
2372:Battle of Resaca
2362:Atlanta campaign
2268:
2261:
2254:
2245:
2244:
2217:
2177:
2176:
2168:
2167:
2125:
2124:
2014:
2013:
1995:Missionary Ridge
1990:Lookout Mountain
1914:
1913:
1875:Siege of Corinth
1779:
1778:
1735:Arkansas 1861–65
1723:
1722:
1703:
1696:
1689:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1666:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1611:
1410:Eicher, David J.
1394:Castel, Albert.
1368:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1329:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1284:
1278:
1255:
1249:
1246:
1240:
1237:
1231:
1228:Missionary Ridge
1212:
1206:
1205:McMurry, p. 111.
1203:
1197:
1196:Welcher, p. 451.
1194:
1188:
1185:
1179:
1176:
1170:
1167:
1161:
1158:
1152:
1137:
1131:
1128:
1122:
1119:
1113:
1110:
1104:
1101:
1095:
1092:
1086:
1083:
1077:
1071:
1060:
1057:
1048:
1047:
1036:
1012:
1000:
988:
976:
966:
965:
834:John G. Mitchell
814:George D. Wagner
786:Oliver O. Howard
774:Francis Cockrell
682:, and May 28 at
644:Oostanaula River
640:Battle of Resaca
632:Rocky Face Ridge
624:
618:
549:Army of the Ohio
545:George H. Thomas
478:was promoted to
476:Ulysses S. Grant
452:George H. Thomas
428:Atlanta, Georgia
399:Atlanta Campaign
280:Rome Cross Roads
265:Rocky Face Ridge
255:
253:
252:Atlanta Campaign
243:
236:
229:
220:
219:
170:Army of the Ohio
125:
124:
108:
106:
105:
64:
62:
51:
50:
41:
21:
20:
5321:
5320:
5316:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5311:
5310:
5266:
5265:
5264:
5259:
5223:
5207:
5092:
5056:Irish Americans
5034:
4979:
4888:
4879:U.S. Home Guard
4819:Field artillery
4773:
4772:
4748:
4690:
4665:
4627:
4596:
4590:
4482:Civil War Trust
4449:
4443:
4331:Ethnic violence
4316:Kirk–Holden war
4195:
4156:
4133:
4067:
3925:
3869:
3722:
3697:
3651:
3404:
3391:
3222:
3203:Sherman's March
3183:Bermuda Hundred
3078:
3033:
3005:
2961:
2960:
2924:
2883:J. Sella Martin
2853:James G. Birney
2829:
2747:
2673:Bleeding Kansas
2661:
2644:
2633:
2628:
2598:
2593:
2563:
2547:
2526:
2500:
2345:
2314:
2293:
2277:
2272:
2242:
2233:
2208:
2171:
2155:
2139:
2110:
2069:
1999:
1958:
1899:
1890:Chickasaw Bayou
1838:
1764:
1745:
1712:
1707:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1660:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1641:Civil War Trust
1633:
1567:
1565:Further reading
1376:
1371:
1361:
1359:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1316:
1314:
1303:
1299:
1285:
1281:
1275:Philip Sheridan
1256:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1234:
1216:Chickasaw Bayou
1213:
1209:
1204:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1177:
1173:
1168:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1080:
1072:
1063:
1058:
1051:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1018:
1013:
1004:
1001:
992:
989:
980:
977:
953:
933:
915:(July 22), and
913:Atlanta/Decatur
909:Peachtree Creek
901:Jefferson Davis
866:
854:George Stoneman
784:(Major General
734:Morgan L. Smith
717:
676:New Hope Church
626:
622:
620:
616:
600:
520:Abraham Lincoln
489:George G. Meade
474:In March 1864,
472:
391:
390:
389:
384:
345:Peachtree Creek
295:New Hope Church
256:
251:
249:
247:
160:
119:
103:
101:
76:
60:
58:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5319:
5309:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5261:
5260:
5258:
5257:
5247:
5236:
5233:
5232:
5229:
5228:
5225:
5224:
5222:
5221:
5215:
5213:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5205:
5203:Women soldiers
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5158:Naming the war
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5139:
5138:
5128:
5127:
5126:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5100:
5098:
5094:
5093:
5091:
5090:
5089:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5042:
5040:
5036:
5035:
5033:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4989:
4987:
4981:
4980:
4978:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4896:
4894:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4794:Campaign Medal
4791:
4785:
4783:
4775:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4769:Related topics
4766:
4758:
4757:
4754:
4753:
4750:
4749:
4747:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4698:
4696:
4692:
4691:
4689:
4688:
4683:
4677:
4675:
4671:
4670:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4658:
4657:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4635:
4633:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4625:
4624:
4623:
4618:
4607:
4605:
4598:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4532:
4531:
4526:
4516:
4511:
4510:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4497:Decoration Day
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4453:
4451:
4450:Reconstruction
4445:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4430:
4429:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4408:
4407:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4386:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4360:
4359:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4312:
4311:
4306:
4304:second inquiry
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4276:
4275:
4274:
4268:
4261:Homestead Acts
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4209:Alabama Claims
4205:
4203:
4201:Reconstruction
4197:
4196:
4194:
4193:
4192:
4191:
4189:15th Amendment
4186:
4184:14th Amendment
4181:
4179:13th Amendment
4170:
4168:
4158:
4157:
4147:
4146:
4143:
4142:
4139:
4138:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4075:
4073:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3944:
3942:
3935:
3931:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3877:
3875:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3810:J. E. Johnston
3807:
3805:A. S. Johnston
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3745:R. H. Anderson
3741:
3739:
3732:
3724:
3723:
3711:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3659:
3657:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3607:South Carolina
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3582:North Carolina
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3408:
3406:
3397:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3307:Fredericksburg
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3247:Wilson's Creek
3244:
3239:
3233:
3231:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3089:
3087:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3059:Lower Seaboard
3056:
3051:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3015:
3013:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2982:
2980:
2971:
2963:
2962:
2959:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2942:
2934:
2933:
2930:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2922:
2917:
2915:Harriet Tubman
2912:
2911:
2910:
2903:Charles Sumner
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2839:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2757:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2745:
2740:
2738:States' rights
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2653:
2646:
2645:
2635:
2634:
2627:
2626:
2619:
2612:
2604:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2579:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2545:
2540:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2460:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2359:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2322:
2320:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2307:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2291:
2285:
2283:
2279:
2278:
2271:
2270:
2263:
2256:
2248:
2239:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2231:
2226:
2220:
2218:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2180:
2178:
2165:
2161:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2147:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2131:
2129:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2020:
2018:
2011:
2005:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1920:
1918:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1785:
1783:
1776:
1770:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1760:Wilson's Creek
1756:
1754:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1743:
1737:
1731:
1729:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1706:
1705:
1698:
1691:
1683:
1645:
1644:
1632:
1631:External links
1629:
1628:
1627:
1612:
1583:
1570:Hess, Earl J.
1566:
1563:
1562:
1561:
1556:
1537:
1518:
1503:
1488:
1473:
1458:
1441:
1424:
1407:
1392:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1369:
1342:
1324:
1297:
1294:. p. 136.
1279:
1263:David Farragut
1250:
1241:
1232:
1207:
1198:
1189:
1180:
1171:
1162:
1153:
1151:'s XVII Corps.
1141:Kenner Garrard
1132:
1123:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1087:
1078:
1061:
1049:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1014:
1007:
1005:
1002:
995:
993:
990:
983:
981:
978:
971:
952:
949:
932:
929:
905:John Bell Hood
865:
862:
822:Alfred Vaughan
798:John M. Palmer
770:Giles A. Smith
716:
713:
680:Pickett's Mill
664:Allatoona Pass
621:
615:
599:
596:
592:Joseph Wheeler
584:John Bell Hood
511:, to Atlanta.
485:interior lines
471:
468:
422:under General
386:
385:
383:
382:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
300:Pickett's Mill
297:
292:
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
261:
258:
257:
246:
245:
238:
231:
223:
215:
214:
209:
203:
202:
198:
197:
194:
190:
189:
185:
184:
179:
178:
177:
172:
167:
152:
151:
150:Units involved
147:
146:
141:
135:
134:
130:
129:
117:
98:
97:
93:
92:
89:
88:
82:
78:
77:
72:
70:
66:
65:
55:
47:
46:
34:
33:
26:
25:
19:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5318:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5273:
5271:
5256:
5252:
5248:
5246:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5220:
5217:
5216:
5214:
5210:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5173:Photographers
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5148:Gender issues
5146:
5144:
5141:
5137:
5134:
5133:
5132:
5129:
5125:
5122:
5121:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5101:
5099:
5095:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5068:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5043:
5041:
5037:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5010:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4990:
4988:
4986:
4982:
4976:
4975:War Democrats
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4965:Union Leagues
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4897:
4895:
4891:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4864:Turning point
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4834:Naval battles
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4780:
4776:
4768:
4767:
4763:
4759:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4719:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4699:
4697:
4693:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4678:
4676:
4672:
4662:
4659:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4641:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4630:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4613:
4612:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4602:
4599:
4597:and memorials
4593:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4521:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4459:
4458:
4457:Commemoration
4455:
4454:
4452:
4446:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4406:
4403:
4402:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4365:
4364:
4361:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4299:first inquiry
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4280:
4277:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4240:
4237:
4236:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4219:Carpetbaggers
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4198:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4175:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4167:
4163:
4159:
4152:
4148:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3939:
3936:
3932:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3872:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3736:
3733:
3729:
3725:
3721:
3716:
3712:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3654:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3642:West Virginia
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3562:New Hampshire
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3522:Massachusetts
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3401:
3398:
3394:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3262:Hampton Roads
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3252:Fort Donelson
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3225:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3148:Morgan's Raid
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3093:Anaconda Plan
3091:
3090:
3088:
3086:
3081:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3069:Pacific Coast
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3040:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3012:
3008:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2975:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2909:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2803:Positive good
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2750:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2718:Panic of 1857
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2678:Border states
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2651:
2647:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2625:
2620:
2618:
2613:
2611:
2606:
2605:
2602:
2590:
2589:
2580:
2578:
2570:
2569:
2566:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2529:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2317:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2296:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2269:
2264:
2262:
2257:
2255:
2250:
2249:
2246:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2211:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2166:
2162:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2144:Major battles
2142:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2074:Major battles
2072:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2006:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1970:Champion Hill
1968:
1967:
1965:
1963:Major battles
1961:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1939:Morgan's Raid
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1885:Prairie Grove
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1855:Island No. 10
1853:
1851:
1850:Fort Donelson
1848:
1847:
1845:
1843:Major battles
1841:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1824:Prairie Grove
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1771:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1748:
1742:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1704:
1699:
1697:
1692:
1690:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1674:
1642:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1584:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1568:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1553:0-253-36454-X
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1534:0-19-503863-0
1531:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1515:0-8032-8278-8
1512:
1508:
1504:
1501:
1500:0-393-02497-0
1497:
1493:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1471:
1470:0-527-57600-X
1467:
1463:
1459:
1456:
1455:0-306-80507-3
1452:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1438:0-395-74012-6
1435:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1422:
1421:0-684-84944-5
1418:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1404:0-7006-0748-X
1401:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1389:0-8094-4773-8
1386:
1382:
1378:
1377:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1346:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1312:
1308:
1301:
1293:
1292:
1283:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1254:
1245:
1236:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1211:
1202:
1193:
1184:
1175:
1166:
1157:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1136:
1127:
1118:
1109:
1100:
1091:
1082:
1075:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1056:
1054:
1045:
1041:
1035:
1031:
1017:
1011:
1006:
999:
994:
987:
982:
975:
970:
969:
968:
967:
964:
962:
958:
948:
946:
945:Company Aytch
942:
938:
928:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
899:
893:
891:
885:
881:
875:
870:
861:
859:
855:
850:
846:
845:Joseph Hooker
842:
841:John W. Geary
837:
835:
831:
830:Daniel McCook
825:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
777:
775:
771:
767:
762:
753:
745:
741:
739:
735:
729:
721:
712:
709:
703:
701:
697:
693:
692:Leonidas Polk
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
660:
658:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
612:
604:
595:
593:
589:
588:Leonidas Polk
585:
581:
578:
574:
570:
569:Braxton Bragg
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
529:
526:
521:
518:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
497:Robert E. Lee
494:
490:
486:
481:
477:
467:
465:
461:
460:demonstration
457:
456:Cheatham Hill
453:
449:
448:John A. Logan
445:
441:
437:
431:
429:
425:
421:
418:
414:
411:
410:Major General
408:
404:
400:
396:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
370:Second Dalton
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
351:
348:
346:
343:
341:
338:
336:
333:
331:
330:Noonday Creek
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
310:Gilgal Church
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
293:
291:
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
262:
259:
254:
244:
239:
237:
232:
230:
225:
224:
221:
213:
210:
208:
205:
204:
199:
195:
192:
191:
186:
183:
180:
176:
173:
171:
168:
166:
163:
162:
161:
158:
154:
153:
148:
145:
142:
140:
137:
136:
131:
128:
123:
118:
115:
111:
110:United States
100:
99:
94:
86:
83:
80:
79:
75:
71:
68:
67:
56:
53:
52:
48:
45:
40:
35:
32:
27:
22:
5114:Bibliography
5097:Other topics
5039:By ethnicity
5007:
4960:Trent Affair
4859:Signal Corps
4716:
4439:White League
4326:Ku Klux Klan
4239:Confederados
4166:Constitution
4038:D. D. Porter
3891:Breckinridge
3602:Rhode Island
3597:Pennsylvania
3352:Spotsylvania
3312:Stones River
3292:2nd Bull Run
3242:1st Bull Run
3128:Stones River
3029:Marine Corps
2996:Marine Corps
2835:Abolitionism
2822:
2775:
2587:
2411:
2080:
2059:Price's Raid
1895:Stones River
1829:Stones River
1814:Iuka-Corinth
1646:
1615:
1587:
1571:
1544:
1540:
1523:
1506:
1491:
1476:
1461:
1446:
1428:
1412:
1395:
1380:
1360:. Retrieved
1354:
1345:
1336:
1327:
1315:. Retrieved
1310:
1300:
1290:
1282:
1253:
1244:
1235:
1210:
1201:
1192:
1183:
1174:
1165:
1156:
1135:
1126:
1117:
1108:
1099:
1090:
1081:
1043:
1034:
954:
944:
934:
894:
886:
882:
878:
838:
826:
778:
758:
730:
726:
704:
678:, May 27 at
668:Cartersville
661:
657:Etowah River
629:
530:
513:
473:
432:
415:against the
394:
392:
380:Jonesborough
360:Brown's Mill
335:Pace's Ferry
319:
275:First Tilton
211:
206:
155:
96:Belligerents
43:
29:Part of the
4920:Copperheads
4632:Confederate
4524:Black Codes
3850:E. K. Smith
3731:Confederate
3678:New Orleans
3673:Chattanooga
3537:Mississippi
3437:Connecticut
3405:territories
3396:Involvement
3357:Cold Harbor
3347:Fort Pillow
3337:Chattanooga
3332:Chickamauga
3282:Seven Pines
3272:New Orleans
3237:Fort Sumter
3178:Valley 1864
3011:Confederacy
2808:Slave Power
2788:Fire-Eaters
2538:Confederate
2224:Mississippi
2194:Mississippi
2151:Bentonville
1985:Chickamauga
1954:Chattanooga
1944:Chickamauga
1934:Little Rock
1870:New Orleans
1668: /
1590:. Chicago:
1337:www.nps.gov
1267:Jubal Early
1261:by Admiral
1222:during the
1044:www.nps.gov
937:Sam Watkins
917:Ezra Church
911:(July 20),
796:(Maj. Gen.
782:John Newton
648:Adairsville
625: Union
573:Chattanooga
553:XXIII Corps
417:Confederate
355:Ezra Church
315:Kolb's Farm
285:Adairsville
85:Confederate
5270:Categories
5153:Juneteenth
4674:Cemeteries
4551:Red Shirts
4462:Centennial
4412:Red Shirts
3820:Longstreet
3750:Beauregard
3693:Winchester
3668:Charleston
3637:Washington
3572:New Mexico
3567:New Jersey
3427:California
3403:States and
3387:Five Forks
3372:Mobile Bay
3342:Wilderness
3322:Gettysburg
3302:Perryville
3287:Seven Days
3218:Appomattox
3143:Gettysburg
3103:New Mexico
2970:Combatants
2945:Combatants
2858:John Brown
2184:Cumberland
2091:Mobile Bay
1880:Perryville
1789:New Mexico
1739:Missouri:
1656:84°35′52″W
1653:33°56′11″N
1543:. Vol. 2,
1374:References
1317:August 23,
1313:. Disunion
1259:Mobile Bay
525:Deep South
470:Background
365:Utoy Creek
61:1864-06-27
5131:Espionage
4925:Diplomacy
4893:Political
4849:POW camps
4595:Monuments
4422:Scalawags
4417:Redeemers
4155:Aftermath
4104:Pinkerton
4043:Rosecrans
4008:McClellan
3911:Memminger
3647:Wisconsin
3612:Tennessee
3532:Minnesota
3507:Louisiana
3382:Nashville
3327:Vicksburg
3257:Pea Ridge
3208:Carolinas
3163:Red River
3158:Knoxville
3138:Tullahoma
3133:Vicksburg
3113:Peninsula
3085:campaigns
2951:Campaigns
2728:Secession
2229:Tennessee
2204:Tennessee
2135:Carolinas
2128:Campaigns
2106:Nashville
2029:Red River
2017:Campaigns
1949:Knoxville
1929:Tullahoma
1924:Vicksburg
1917:Campaigns
1860:Pea Ridge
1809:Pea Ridge
1782:Campaigns
1727:Campaigns
1220:Vicksburg
925:milestone
864:Aftermath
802:XIV Corps
666:south of
652:Cassville
517:President
290:Cassville
5245:Category
5086:Seminole
5076:Cherokee
4829:Medicine
4782:Military
4695:Veterans
4529:Jim Crow
4294:timeline
4089:Ericsson
4072:Civilian
4053:Sheridan
4013:McDowell
3973:Farragut
3958:Burnside
3948:Anderson
3941:Military
3921:Stephens
3881:Benjamin
3874:Civilian
3760:Buchanan
3738:Military
3683:Richmond
3632:Virginia
3577:New York
3552:Nebraska
3542:Missouri
3527:Michigan
3517:Maryland
3502:Kentucky
3477:Illinois
3452:Delaware
3432:Colorado
3417:Arkansas
3377:Franklin
3297:Antietam
3168:Overland
3123:Maryland
3042:Theaters
2948:Theaters
2577:Category
2101:Franklin
2096:Westport
2064:Savannah
2024:Meridian
1819:Kentucky
1600:61-10744
1362:June 20,
849:XX Corps
790:IV Corps
764:Colonel
738:XV Corps
325:Marietta
188:Strength
69:Location
5212:Related
5081:Choctaw
5071:Catawba
4854:Rations
4799:Cavalry
4661:Removal
4289:efforts
4273:of 1873
4119:Stevens
4114:Stanton
4099:Lincoln
4058:Sherman
3993:Halleck
3983:Frémont
3968:Du Pont
3906:Mallory
3865:Wheeler
3800:Jackson
3780:Forrest
3720:Leaders
3663:Atlanta
3627:Vermont
3547:Montana
3487:Indiana
3462:Georgia
3457:Florida
3422:Arizona
3412:Alabama
3362:Atlanta
3277:Corinth
3229:battles
3173:Atlanta
3153:Bristoe
3054:Western
3049:Eastern
2954:Battles
2753:Slavery
2657:Origins
2643:Origins
2588:Commons
2559:Atlanta
2189:Georgia
2086:Atlanta
2044:Atlanta
1752:battles
1608:1058411
1218:and at
438:, near
401:of the
350:Atlanta
340:Opelika
87:victory
59: (
5255:Portal
5193:Tokens
4129:Welles
4109:Seward
4094:Hamlin
4063:Thomas
3998:Hooker
3963:Butler
3916:Seddon
3901:Hunter
3886:Bocock
3860:Taylor
3855:Stuart
3845:Semmes
3825:Morgan
3785:Gorgas
3765:Cooper
3656:Cities
3592:Oregon
3557:Nevada
3497:Kansas
3467:Hawaii
3367:Crater
3267:Shiloh
3227:Major
3213:Mobile
3083:Major
2957:States
2908:Caning
2552:Places
2164:Armies
2049:Tupelo
1865:Shiloh
1750:Major
1622:
1606:
1598:
1578:
1551:
1532:
1513:
1498:
1483:
1468:
1453:
1436:
1419:
1402:
1387:
890:Smyrna
715:Battle
708:abatis
684:Dallas
672:Dallas
636:Resaca
623:
617:
586:, and
539:; the
305:Dallas
270:Resaca
196:17,733
193:16,225
107:
81:Result
4998:Dixie
4985:Music
4604:Union
4448:Post-
4284:trial
4084:Chase
4079:Adams
4048:Scott
4023:Meigs
4018:Meade
3988:Grant
3978:Foote
3953:Buell
3934:Union
3896:Davis
3840:Price
3830:Mosby
3775:Ewell
3770:Early
3755:Bragg
3617:Texas
3512:Maine
3472:Idaho
2978:Union
2543:Union
2531:Units
1027:Notes
407:Union
212:1,000
207:3,000
114:Union
5183:Salt
4789:Arms
4639:List
4611:List
4124:Wade
4033:Pope
4003:Hunt
3835:Polk
3795:Hood
3790:Hill
3622:Utah
3587:Ohio
3492:Iowa
3024:Navy
3019:Army
2991:Navy
2986:Army
2505:1865
2350:1864
2319:1863
2298:1862
2282:1861
2199:Ohio
2120:1865
2009:1864
1909:1863
1774:1862
1741:1861
1718:1861
1620:ISBN
1604:OCLC
1596:LCCN
1576:ISBN
1549:ISBN
1530:ISBN
1511:ISBN
1496:ISBN
1481:ISBN
1466:ISBN
1451:ISBN
1434:ISBN
1417:ISBN
1400:ISBN
1385:ISBN
1364:2023
1319:2016
808:and
393:The
54:Date
4028:Ord
3815:Lee
1273:by
1074:NPS
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