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1129:). Edward Ford, the Royalist leader at the battle, had been given a colonel's commission at the outbreak of war by Charles, who also made Ford the High Sheriff of Sussex in 1642. Ford offered his majesty "a thousand men, and to undertake the conquest of Sussex, though sixty miles in length" and began to raise forces accordingly. On 18 November 1642, Ford marched his Royalist army from Hampshire across the border with, and into, Sussex, whereupon he seized Chichester for the King. Ford then set his eyes on
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Brighton
Railway in 1841, Haywards Heath began to urbanise exponentially and Muster Green saw itself slowly encroached upon by newer and newer buildings. Today, Muster Green is completely enveloped by urban sprawl, however, its shape has not changed as historically it was a green space between two diverging roads (the B2272 in the south and Muster Green North in the north). Muster Green nowadays is a well maintained village green and has been awarded the
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sweep of
Western Sussex, broke first, threw down their arms, and dispersed into the surrounding countryside; Ford and Thanet soon fled with their cavalry back to Chichester, leaving their surviving infantry (who had now scattered) to fend for themselves. The battle ended with the Royalists routed, retreating and dispersing from the battlefield – the Parliamentarians had decisively won the battle and spared Lewes from a Royalist assault.
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army is also unknown, although, it is known that they were outnumbered by at least four to one by the royalist army meaning that the
Parliamentarian force possibly numbered at circa 250 – what Morley's men lacked in numbers however, they made up for in discipline, being therefore a more effective fighting force than that of Ford's. Later research by historians has pointed to the fact that neither side possessed any
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on Lewes from the north. Why Ford did this is unknown but it could have been to deliberately prolong his advance through Sussex and to Lewes to allow Ford to forcibly conscript more locals along the way, with the use of threats and force if need be, in order to swell his army (albeit with untrained rural folk) for his assault on Lewes. Either way, this decision eventually led Ford and his army to
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1278:" and are still visible on the outside facing surface of the door today, although smoothed and shined with age like the rest of the door, and are the basis of this hypothesis. What happened to these Royalists inside St Margaret's Church if they were ever there is not known, however the impact marks on the door suggests ill-intent from the Parliamentarians and a grisly end for the Royalists.
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1146:(roughly 11 miles (18 km) to the north west of Lewes) where he and his army set up camp. During the first week of December, Ford led his army out of Cuckfield and continued eastwards (probably marching down the modern Cuckfield-Haywards Heath route consisting of Broad Street, Tylers Green, and the B2272) and towards Haywards Heath.
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Ford decided that he would lead his forces eastwards through Sussex and seize the important Sussex town of Lewes for the King. Ford marched his forces in a broad sweep of Sussex – not heading directly along the coast from
Chichester to Lewes but instead heading in a north-east direction to then move
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At the beginning of the First
English Civil War there was no obvious distinction by location, occupation, or social class that outlined who would declare their support for the Royalists and who would declare support for the Parliamentarians in Sussex. Although historians have tried to characterise
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The exact size of the
Royalist army is unknown, however, Ford offered to fight for the King with "a thousand men, and to undertake the conquest of Sussex" so it is possible that the size of the Royalist army at Muster Green could have been circa 1,000 in size. The exact size of the Parliamentarian
1224:
After the battle, the
Royalists were routed and driven from the battlefield – the battle site of the Battle of Muster Green became and remained the furthest a Royalist army advanced through Sussex during the First English Civil War. The forcibly conscripted locals were the first to break and were
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in 1841. In 1642, Haywards Heath mostly consisted of enclosed fields and copses with only a few houses and farms present being dotted about the landscape. There may well have been a small handful of buildings involved in the battle, including a building adjacent to the westernmost point of Muster
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up to exploit this and completed the rout of Ford's army. The fighting lasted for roughly an hour and resulted in at least 200 Royalists killed, wounded, or captured, while the figure for the
Parliamentarian casualties is unknown. Ford's forcibly conscripted locals, recruited during Ford's broad
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and, with the
Parliamentarian infantry charging simultaneously, fought hand-to-hand; at least an hour of fighting ensued in which 200 Royalists were killed, wounded, or captured, resulting in the surviving Royalist forces' routing and the Parliamentarians emerging victorious, saving Lewes from a
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It was soon clear that neither
Royalists nor Parliamentarians would have control of Sussex without the use of force via a military campaign through the county. Sussex was of strategic and industrial importance to both sides during the war due to the cannon foundries and ironworks making up the
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The surrounding area of the site of the battle has changed and developed significantly since the time of the battle in 1642. Muster Green can be made out on the 1638 Manorial Map of Great Haywards Demesne and is surrounded by fields but little development. With the coming of the London &
1310:
is situated on the easternmost point of the green describing the Battle of Muster Green. This was installed by the local council at the recommendation of historian Philip Pavey in June 2015, although, the plaque commemorates the Battle of Muster Green as the Battle of Haywards Heath.
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Green called "Hen Davis House" in 1638. On arriving at the western outskirts of Haywards Heath, Ford and his army were met by resistance in the form of a much smaller but more disciplined Parliamentarian force led by Colonel Herbert Morley, which was waiting for them on Muster Green.
1233:, and other neighbouring villages. Concurrently, the defeated Ford "conveyed himself away and left his men in the lurch to shift for themselves", then Ford in the company of Thanet, his officers, and their cavalry "flying with all speed up to the not distant
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It is hypothesised by historian Philip Pavey that a group of routed Royalist stragglers retreated in a north easterly direction, while being pursued by Parliamentarians, and ended up 6 miles (9.7 km) north east of Muster Green in
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while the rising merchant classes showed their sympathies lay with the Parliamentarians. The people of poorer standing, while making up the majority of the population, were much less eager to take up the cause of either side.
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It could be assumed that the Parliamentarian casualties were much less than that of the Royalist casualties due to the approximate size of the parliamentarian army being almost the same size as the total number of Royalist
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which was later occupied by Royalist forces and then by Parliamentarian forces) and then from there back to the previously captured city of Chichester, where they, among others, were later besieged that December during a
1113:, the south west of England, and Wales. This meant that it was mostly obvious where strong Royalist support began and ended and, with Sussex, part of this 'front line' was at the boundary with itself and
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the eastern half of the county as "staunchly Parliamentarian" and western parts as more sympathetic to the Royalist cause, this broad distinction obscures many localised variations, particularly in
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Royalist assault, and pushing back Ford's 1642 Royalist invasion of Sussex. The battle site of the Battle of Muster Green became and remained the furthest any large Royalist force advanced through
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numerous times for being "one of the very best in the world". Haywards Heath war memorial is also located on the westernmost point of the green. An informative and commemorative plaque on a
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Haywards Heath would have been very different then from what it is today, as Haywards Heath as a large settlement is a relatively modern development kickstarted by the arrival of the
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at the battle. A recorded Parliamentarian perspective of the battle survives, likely being from the "news" that reached London on 8 December of Morley's victory at Haywards Heath:
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and taken prisoner after the Royalist resistance surrendered on 27 December 1642. News of the Parliamentarian victory at Haywards Heath reached London on 8 December.
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The Parliamentarians fought with "great fierceness" in bloody hand-to-hand combat inflicting heavy casualties on the less disciplined Royalists; Morley then sent his
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1000:) was a minor battle of major significance that took place during the first week of December 1642 on and around the then much larger Muster Green in
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balls impacted the heavy wooden door to the church leaving half a dozen semiglobular impact marks "roughly about the size of
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whereupon slamming the door shut behind them, they came under fire from Parliamentarian
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1694:. Southampton;London: Southampton, H.M. Gilbert and Son;London, J. and E. Bumpus.
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1765:"Haywards Heath Town Council Neighbourhood Plan Our Bright Future December 2016"
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Haywards Heath Town Council Neighbourhood Plan Our Bright Future December 2016.
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1735:"Haywards Heath Historic Character Assessment Report September 2005"
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Haywards Heath Historic Character Assessment Report September 2005.
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The Civil War in Hampshire (1642-45) and the Story of Basing House
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just at that instant charging courageously into their quarters.
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1667:"Digital Trail 6 – Chichester during the Civil War 1642-1646"
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Sussex in the great Civil War and the interregnum, 1642-1660
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Digital Trail 6 – Chichester during the Civil War 1642-1646
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1796:"Muster Green in Haywards Heath awarded Green Flag Award"
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in August 1642 after he raised his royal standard in
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1241:) to the Earl's house", ("the Earl's house" being
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1880:"John, 2nd Earl of Thanet (1608-1664)"
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16:Battle of the First English Civil War
1978:from the original on 1 November 2019
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1941:Twisleton, John (16 December 2018).
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1926:. London: London, Chiswick Press.
1898:Short, Brian; Leslie, Kim (1999).
1040:waiting for them on Muster Green.
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2012:Battles of the English Civil Wars
1966:Veitch, Robert (23 August 2015).
1709:Hayes, Keith (17 December 2018).
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1625:"Civil War in Southern England"
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1968:"The Green that Turned to Red"
1601:"The Battle of Haywards Heath"
1450:Civil War in Southern England.
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1900:An Historical Atlas of Sussex
1849:: CS1 maint: date and year (
1819:Pavey, Philip (1 June 2019).
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1438:The battle of Haywards Heath.
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1794:Kay, Sophie (30 July 2018).
1566:, War comes to West Hoathly.
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1860:"Warfare in West Sussex"
1715:Town and County Magazine
1516:, Warfare in West Sussex
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2022:First English Civil War
1858:Pavey, Philip (2019b).
1648:Cooper, Thomas (1889).
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2007:17th century in Sussex
1972:Sussex Living Magazine
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189:Herbert Morley
186:
184:Earl of Thanet
176:
175:
171:
170:
160:
147:
146:
142:
141:
138:
137:
136:
135:
128:
122:
108:
104:
103:
66:Haywards Heath
64:Muster Green,
63:
61:
57:
56:
53:
45:
44:
34:
33:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2049:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1933:9781333679750
1929:
1925:
1924:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1909:1-86077-112-2
1905:
1901:
1896:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1865:
1861:
1856:
1852:
1846:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1817:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1792:
1777:
1773:
1772:midsussex.gov
1766:
1762:
1747:
1743:
1736:
1732:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1701:9780344086410
1697:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1683:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1655:
1653:
1646:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1597:
1586:
1581:
1572:
1565:
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1550:
1545:
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1534:
1527:
1522:
1515:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1498:
1493:
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1487:
1485:
1483:
1476:
1471:
1469:
1459:
1457:
1447:
1445:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1424:, p. 58.
1423:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1391:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1375:
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1324:
1320:
1312:
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1305:
1291:
1287:
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1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1244:
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1232:
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1219:
1215:
1211:
1197:
1194:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1168:
1166:
1155:
1152:
1147:
1145:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1061:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1047:fired "some"
1046:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
982:
981:2nd Worcester
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
948:
947:
946:
945:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
927:Denbigh Green
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
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870:
868:
865:
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835:
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830:
828:
825:
823:
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815:
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801:
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759:
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741:
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734:
731:
729:
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724:
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719:
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679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
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665:
664:
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647:
645:
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637:
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632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
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617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
579:Roundway Down
577:
575:
572:
570:
569:Burton Bridge
567:
565:
562:
560:
559:Adwalton Moor
557:
555:
552:
550:
549:1st Worcester
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
504:Seacroft Moor
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
484:Braddock Down
482:
481:
480:
479:
478:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
435:Turnham Green
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
410:Powick Bridge
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
382:
381:
380:
374:
369:
359:
354:
352:
347:
345:
340:
339:
336:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
308:
243:
229:
217:
214:
213:
208:
204:
199:
198:
193:
190:
187:
185:
181:
178:
177:
172:
169:
165:
161:
159:
149:
148:
143:
133:
129:
126:
123:
120:
117:
116:
115:
113:
109:
106:
105:
100:
71:
67:
62:
59:
58:
54:
51:
50:
46:
40:
35:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1980:. Retrieved
1971:
1955:. Retrieved
1946:
1922:
1899:
1887:. Retrieved
1883:
1867:. Retrieved
1864:RH Uncovered
1863:
1833:. Retrieved
1825:Press Reader
1824:
1808:. Retrieved
1800:Sussex Local
1799:
1783:. Retrieved
1771:
1753:. Retrieved
1741:
1723:. Retrieved
1714:
1690:
1674:. Retrieved
1670:
1657:– via
1651:
1637:. Retrieved
1628:
1613:. Retrieved
1605:RH Uncovered
1604:
1580:
1571:
1551:, p. 49
1544:
1533:
1528:, p. 59
1521:
1499:, p. 55
1343:
1323:
1300:
1260:West Hoathly
1256:
1243:Wiston House
1223:
1218:West Hoathly
1190:
1170:
1161:
1148:
1140:
1123:Basing House
1100:
1088:
1067:
1042:
997:
993:
991:
971:2nd Aberdeen
943:
941:
907:Rowton Heath
809:
807:
778:1st Aberdeen
753:Marston Moor
738:Tipton Green
660:
658:
619:Olney Bridge
589:Gainsborough
564:2nd Bradford
529:Sourton Down
519:Ripple Field
499:Hopton Heath
476:
474:
465:1st Bradford
460:Muster Green
459:
445:Piercebridge
415:Kings Norton
405:Babylon Hill
378:
316:Wiston House
299:Wiston House
242:Muster Green
241:
202:100 dragoons
200:~ 1,000 foot
145:Belligerents
110:
29:Part of the
18:
1629:BCW Project
1564:Pavey 2019a
1514:Pavey 2019b
1497:Godwin 1904
1390:Cooper 1889
1374:Veitch 2015
1328:casualties.
1270:– the lead
1014:Edward Ford
951:Bovey Heath
902:2nd Chester
897:Philiphaugh
892:2nd Bristol
847:3rd Taunton
837:2nd Taunton
803:2nd Newbury
793:1st Taunton
788:1st Chester
768:Lostwithiel
688:Boldon Hill
629:Heptonstall
609:1st Newbury
584:1st Bristol
180:Edward Ford
134:driven back
121:army routed
94: /
70:West Sussex
1996:Categories
1982:31 October
1957:2 November
1869:2 November
1835:2 November
1810:2 November
1785:2 November
1755:1 November
1725:31 October
1659:Wikisource
1639:1 November
1615:1 November
1593:References
1538:Poole 2015
1348:Hayes 2018
1268:musketeers
1127:Winchester
1119:Portsmouth
1107:Nottingham
1096:High Weald
1075:Chichester
1064:Background
1045:musketeers
1022:Chichester
976:Lagganmore
966:3rd Oxford
956:Torrington
922:Annan Moor
852:2nd Oxford
817:Inverlochy
773:Tippermuir
723:1st Oxford
708:Lyme Regis
594:Gloucester
470:Chichester
455:1st Exeter
395:Portsmouth
312:Chichester
257:Chichester
79:50°59′59″N
1947:Blog Spot
1336:Citations
1276:Maltesers
1227:Ditchling
1200:Aftermath
1165:artillery
1144:Cuckfield
1115:Hampshire
1083:Charles I
1024:to seize
857:Leicester
673:Newcastle
574:Lansdowne
544:Wakefield
514:Lichfield
509:Camp Hill
450:Tadcaster
430:Brentford
425:Aylesbury
326:, within
320:Cuckfield
285:Cuckfield
158:Royalists
82:0°06′33″W
1976:Archived
1951:Archived
1920:(1910).
1889:27 April
1845:cite web
1829:Archived
1804:Archived
1776:Archived
1746:Archived
1719:Archived
1688:(1904).
1676:27 April
1633:Archived
1609:Archived
1585:Kay 2018
1193:reserves
1111:Midlands
1071:downland
1028:for the
1010:Royalist
882:Hereford
877:Langport
842:Auldearn
827:Weymouth
798:Carlisle
763:Ormskirk
743:Oswestry
698:Cheriton
668:Nantwich
599:2nd Hull
539:Stratton
420:Edgehill
400:Plymouth
385:1st Hull
195:Strength
119:Royalist
114:victory
60:Location
1308:lectern
1185:footmen
1173:muskets
1137:Prelude
1094:in the
1049:volleys
887:Kilsyth
718:Lincoln
649:Arundel
614:Winceby
524:Reading
218:Unknown
1930:
1906:
1698:
1654:
1290:Ford's
1272:musket
1239:Wiston
1183:, our
1158:Battle
1125:, and
1103:Oxford
1079:gentry
1058:Sussex
937:Newark
867:Alford
862:Naseby
728:Bolton
683:Newark
328:Sussex
322:, and
132:Sussex
107:Result
1779:(PDF)
1768:(PDF)
1749:(PDF)
1738:(PDF)
1315:Notes
1248:siege
1235:downs
1177:horse
1131:Lewes
1026:Lewes
703:Selby
639:Alton
489:Leeds
324:Lewes
271:Lewes
125:Lewes
1984:2019
1959:2019
1928:ISBN
1904:ISBN
1891:2020
1871:2019
1851:link
1837:2019
1812:2019
1787:2019
1757:2019
1727:2019
1696:ISBN
1678:2020
1641:2019
1617:2019
1030:King
1008:. A
992:The
944:1646
810:1645
713:York
661:1644
477:1643
379:1642
52:Date
1181:van
1998::
1974:.
1970:.
1949:.
1945:.
1882:.
1862:.
1847:}}
1843:{{
1827:.
1823:.
1802:.
1798:.
1770:.
1744:.
1740:.
1717:.
1713:.
1669:.
1631:.
1627:.
1607:.
1603:.
1556:^
1504:^
1481:^
1467:^
1455:^
1443:^
1429:^
1412:^
1396:^
1380:^
1354:^
1229:,
1216:,
1133:.
1121:,
1016:,
318:,
314:,
68:,
1986:.
1961:.
1936:.
1912:.
1893:.
1873:.
1853:)
1839:.
1814:.
1789:.
1759:.
1729:.
1704:.
1680:.
1661:.
1643:.
1619:.
357:e
350:t
343:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
