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control, which had the largest trading port in Japan and was a hub for overseas trade, and who controlled distribution in Kyoto and the Kinai region, was able to easily obtain domestically produced guns and to purchase raw materials for shot and powder in large quantities from overseas in a stable manner through the Namban trade. This was evident from the results of scientific analysis of shot found at the
Nagashino battlefield site. The lead in the shot of the Oda-Tokugawa allied forces was classified into three types: domestic, South China and Korea, and Thailand. In contrast, Takeda's shot are nearly identical in composition to coins imported from China, indicating that they were manufactured by melting copper coins due to a shortage of lead. Katsuyori then instructed his troops to prepare ammunition of 200–300 rounds per gun after the Battle of Nagashino. From these facts, it can be inferred that the Takeda forces were overwhelmed by the Oda forces not only in the number of guns but also in the quantity of ammunition, and were defeated by a completely uninterrupted enemy barrage.
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attacked them head on. Nobunaga led a large army of 30,000, twice the size of the Takeda forces, but he caught
Katsuyori off guard by stopping his advance in front of Nagashino Castle when he was supposed to be on his way to rescue it, and by placing his main camp in a hollow which made it difficult to see from the Takeda side making it look like he had fewer troops. Katsuyori therefore underestimated the enemy and watched from the sidelines as the allied forces steadily built up their positions. Nobunaga then organised a detachment to occupy Nagashino Castle behind the Takeda forces, forcing the main Takeda army, fearing a pincer attack, to charge into the robust positions of the Oda-Tokugawa allied forces, protected by matchlock guns and horse defence fences. However, Katsuyori's strategy was not necessarily reckless, as it was often seen in battles of the time to charge at the enemy lines. In fact, the battle was not settled until afternoon, and most of the Takeda warlords' deaths occurred during the retreat, not during the fighting.
901:, losing many officers and men in the process. Moreover, a myth was created that Nobunaga was a military genius who devised a new battle strategy called 'three-stage shooting', in which the shooters took turns one after the other. The three-stage shooting refers to the tactic of organising matchlock guns units into three lines, each line firing constantly in rotation. It has been claimed that Nobunaga invented this tactic to compensate for the shortcomings of matchlock guns, which takes time to reload, and enabled uninterrupted, continuous firing. Specifically, the matchlock corps, divided into three stages, fire at the front line, then fall back to the rear, clean the barrels, load bullets and then move back up to the front line to fire again. The original source for this theory was
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737:, but he decided to go ahead with the decisive battle. Katsuyori had received information of Nobunaga's departure, but was unable to gauge the strength of Oda's forces or Nobunaga's true intentions. However, when he saw that Nobunaga and Ieyasu's forces did not immediately come to the relief of Nagashino Castle and began to fortify the defence, he underestimated the number of allied forces as Nobunaga had planned and judged that the enemy was weak. And he seems to have decided that Nobunaga would not seriously help Ieyasu as he had done before, so he could strike the enemy forces down before their fighting spirit increased and he decided to go ahead with the decisive battle.
39:
594:. Both of them managed to defeat the Takeda clan armies which guarded the castle and completed their mission to capture it. By recapturing Nagashino Castle, Ieyasu gained a strategic transport point, and made it his base in the region. In response, Takeda Katsuyori, who had finished his succession of power, led the main force of the Takeda army into the Okumikawa region. He then moved south along the Toyokawa River and ravaged the entire East Mikawa region, launching raids throughout the Tokugawa vassals' estates. Aside from that, Tadakatsu also captured many other castles in
498:, followed by a battle at Shitaragahara, about 4 km to the west of the castle. Traditionally, the siege of Nagashino Castle by the Takeda forces and the decisive battle between the two main armies were regarded as a series of manoeuvres, and the battle was called the "Battle of Nagashino" after Nagashino, the name of a wide area in the region. However, if the emphasis is on the actual location of the battle (where the final battle took place), it is more appropriate to use "Battle of Shitara-gahara". Therefore, both place names are now listed together.
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Sengoku daimyō assembled a number of soldiers, such as cavalry, spears, and bows, according to their territory and assets, and these types of soldiers acted in groups on the battlefield. This was also true of the Takeda forces, which had no units formed entirely of men on horseback and could be called cavalry units. Katsuyori also prepared a large number of matchlock guns, and Takeda's military service registration and descriptions in
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693:, west of Shitaragahara, while Nobutada set up his camp on Mount Shinmido. Nobunaga set up camp on Shitaragahara because it was a depression. Taking advantage of the terrain, he positioned his 30,000-strong army so that it did not look like a large force from the Takeda side. Ieyasu set up camp on Mount Takamatsu in the front facing the Rengo River.
927:, Nobunaga divided the 3,000 matchlock guns into 1,000 each and instructed them to fire one stage at a time, switching from one to the other. After that book, most of the war epics that devoted a lot of paper to the Battle of Nagashino incorporated the three-stage shooting, and the content of those Edo period books was carried over into
520:) that prevented the advance of the Takeda cavalry, the three-stage shooting of 3,000 guns that fired in rapid succession in shifts of 1,000 guns each, and Katsuyori's reckless orders for a charge. However, recent research has led to the theory that the real cause of victory was something else. However, there is no doubt that
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to ask for reinforcements. Informed that Ieyasu was marching on
Nagashino with the Oda forces, Torii returned to the castle to deliver the good news. However, he was captured by the Takeda forces. He was persuaded that his life would be spared and his reward would be as he wished if he shouted to the
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ambition to make Japan as their colony through their Jesuit missionaries and merchant to gain favor of the prospective future benefactor, Oda
Nobunaga. Fujita argued the indication were apparent in this battle by the fact that the rifle bullets which used by Takeda forces were only local manufacture
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entered the castle in cooperation with the soldiers of
Nagashino Castle, driving off the Takeda forces. This left Takeda's main army with its retreat cut off and the enemy behind it, and it had no choice but to charge at the Oda-Tokugawa force. With nowhere to go, the Takeda army began to attack the
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and worked to transfer power to
Katsuyori while concealing Shingen's death. Ieyasu, sensing something unusual in the movements of the Takeda forces, shrewdly set out to rewind the situation. He maneuvered the kunishū (powerful families) of Okumikawa to regain the Northern Mikawa area from the Takeda
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In the 2010s, research on the Battle of
Nagashino progressed dramatically with the publication of numerous new case findings and new interpretations. This has overturned the common belief that Oda Nobunaga overwhelmed the Takeda forces with his new battle strategy, and Takeda Katsuyori, who is said
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However, basic problems were pointed out early on with this common theory. Subsequently, doubts were raised and research was reviewed, resulting in the prevailing opinion that the three-stage shooting by the Oda-Tokugawa allied forces with 3,000 matchlock guns was a later invention. The three-stage
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The Takeda clan had promoted the equipping of matchlock guns since the time of
Shingen. but had difficulty in securing large quantities of guns and obtaining nitrates, the main raw material of gunpowder, and lead, the raw material of ball shot. On the other hand, Nobunaga, who took Sakai under his
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Traditionally, the rivalry between Oda's matchlock guns unit and Takeda's cavalry has been emphasised, but there was no clear qualitative difference between the Oda/Tokugawa and Takeda armies, and both had a commonplace
Sengoku daimyō military unit structure. During this period, the vassals of the
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who could not complain, although he called himself a cooperative company, and was used by
Nobunaga as a good bulwark against the powerful Takeda forces. Takeda's forces had overrun Tokugawa territory on numerous occasions, but when Shingen fell ill during a campaign in Mikawa in May 1573, Takeda's
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The cause of the defeat of the Takeda forces in the battle can perhaps be found in the Oda-Tokugawa allied forces's overwhelming superiority in terms of firepower and troop strength, Nobunaga's clever placement of his forces, and the fact that the Takeda misjudged their opponents' strength and
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for several years and was not normally in a position to go to Mikawa. However, he had just rested his soldiers after the battle had been brought to a halt when he attacked a castle built by the Hongan-ji and the Miyoshi clan offered to surrender. Nobunaga decided to throw the main
1002:, a vassal of Ieyasu, even the number of guns is not mentioned. It is also known from military registers and other sources that Takeda's army also held approximately 1,000–1,500 guns, so there was no difference between the two armies in terms of the number of guns they had.
1933:[Nobunaga's "genius tactics" is a lie of the former Japanese Army... The reason why the evaluation of the Takeda forces, which suffered a crushing defeat in the Battle of Nagashino, is being reviewed. The tactic of rushing into enemy linewsas "regular tactics."].
994:'s detachment, so it seems that there were at least 1,500 guns in total. Of course, other units would have had guns, so in reality more than 1,500 would have been brought to Nagashino. However, there was no mention of three-stage shooting by the Oda side. In
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to the front line. Takeda's forces repeatedly charged, but each time they were blocked by matchlock guns and horse defense fences, and retreated. By midday, victory and defeat became increasingly clear and the Takeda forces began their rout. According to
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product, while the Oda forces used imported bullets. Aside from that, Fujita also considered the close relationship between Nobunaga with the representative Catholic missionaries in the same time with the conflict between Oda clan with Takeda clan.
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states 1,000 guns. However, some manuscripts have been rewritten as 3,000 guns, although it is unclear whether this was done by Oda himself or others. During the attack on the Mount Tobigasu fort, Nobunaga sent 500 guns with
793:, the battle began early in the morning and lasted until around 2 pm. With many of their troops killed, Takeda's army began to retreat, but Nobunaga pounced on them when their ranks gave way, inflicting even more casualties.
1618:[What "certain measures" did Nobunaga implement "the day before" the Battle of Nagashino that determined the outcome? Was the famous 'three-stage shooting' executed? The truth about the battle of Nagashino Castle.].
2192:[It was not the cavalry that the gunmen were targeting... Oda Nobunaga's terrible act of "Negiri" against Takeda's army in the Nagashino Battle What was the strategy that killed all the elite of Takeda's army?].
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As seen above, the Battle of Nagashino was a battle between the Oda clan, which boasted abundant logistics and supplies in the west and the Kinai region, and the Takeda clan, which lacked such resources, in the east.
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After receiving the report about the battle's development, Nobunaga personally came to Mount Takamatsu, Ieyasu's main camp, to inspect the war situation and took command of the entire army there. He then deployed a
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of about 4,000 men. On the early morning of 29 June, Tadatsugu launched an attack against the Takeda forces defending the fort from behind Mount Tobigasu. As Takeda's soldiers in the fort were defeated, the
2291:[The Real Reason Nobunaga Defeated Takeda Katsuyori in the Battle of Nagashino Not Written in Textbooks. The Latest Research Reveals the Critical Difference between Takeda's Army and Oda's Army.].
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A kind of memoir compiled by Gyuichi Ota, a vassal of Nobunaga, based on his own notes that he had written down. It is known as a basic source for Nobunaga research because of the high authenticity of the
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style of warfare is regrettable because it is outdated compared to Nobunaga's innovative tactics. The assessment of the historical community at the time was similar, and this view was held long after the
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and other Okumikawa provincial leaders in the north-eastern part of the Mikawa region sought to prolong their lives by joining the Takeda side. On the other hand, Tokugawa Ieyasu had a powerful ally in
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It was also found that the expression "Takeda cavalry" was inappropriate, and that the Takeda forces did not disregard matchlock guns, but were rather less keen to introduce them in large numbers.
2065:[NHK Taiga Drama cannot broadcast it... Oda Nobunaga's Strategy to Tokugawa Ieyasu: "Kill All Takeda's Forces", The end of Takeda Katsuyori who abandoned "688 men in Takamagami Castle.].
963:(Nagashino's gun tactics are fiction). Using his rich knowledge of war and military history, and emphasising the complete absence of any mention of three-stage shooting in the highly reliable
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hurried to recover lost territory. In early July, immediately after the victory, he led his army to recapture one castle after another that had been captured by the Takeda forces by then.
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on 22 June. Arriving at Shitaragahara on 26 June, he halted his march without going to the relief of Nagashino Castle and set up camp there. Nobunaga set up his main camp on
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Nagashino battle's modern reenactment festival, with the picture of Torii Kyōemon Katsutaga Crucified Upside Down on the sign behind the rifle squad is upside down.
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The battle is often cited as a turning point in Japanese warfare and as the first "modern" battle in Japan, as it was the battle in which Oda Nobunaga defeated the
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also advanced the Oda-Tokugawa forces, and the two sides faced each other across the Rengo River. Nobunaga moved his headquarters from Gokuraku-ji to Ishiza-yama (
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2225:[Takeda Katsuyori didn't lose because he underestimated guns...Textbooks don't tell you the real reason why Nobunaga won the Battle of Nagashino].
702:, the Oda-Tokugawa allied forces steadily built positions with horse defence fences and earthworks in preparation for the onslaught of the Takeda forces.
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Nevertheless, Katsuyori was a stubborn competitor and continued to torment Ieyasu by regrouping and regrouping while retreating. In the end, the
1362:, but with many creative elements, the book is said to be similar to a historical novel in the modern sense of the word, and lacks authenticity.
2321:[Japan was supposed to become a Portuguese territory... Why the Jesuits supported Oda Nobunaga's riflemen in the Battle of Nagashino].
1534:[Battle between Oda and Tokugawa allied forces and Takeda: Which is correct, the Battle of Nagashino or the Battle of Shitaragahara?].
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castle that 'reinforcements would not come', but Torii shouted to the castle that 'reinforcements would definitely come' and was crucified.
1978:[Didn't the Oda army's gun corps play a leading role in the Battle of Nagashino? The truth about the Battle of Nagashino: Part 2].
1568:[Didn't the Oda army's gun corps play a leading role in the Battle of Nagashino? The truth about the Battle of Nagashino: Part 1].
648:, which had only 500 defenders, with a large army of 15,000 men and launched an onslaught to make it a bridgehead for the Mikawa invasion.
569:, but Nobunaga, who held the capital and was rapidly increasing his power, was by no means an equal ally. Ieyasu's position was that of a
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955:. As a result, this became the prevailing view, and such scenes have been repeatedly depicted in films, TV dramas and other fictions.
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It is also said that the Oda Army's matchlock guns unit did not play a leading role on the Nagashino battlefield in the first place.
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609:, Tadakatsu and Sakakibara fought under the Tokugawa forces against Katsuyori, where they captured the Komyo castle in June.
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2024:[The Battle of Nagashino, where Ieyasu and Nobunaga won a crushing victory. The great mystery that still remains].
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reveal that the percentage of matchlock guns equipped was not much different between the allied forces and Takeda forces.
2159:["Was Rakuichi Rakuza conceived by Nobunaga?" – "5 misconceptions" about Nobunaga that need to be cleared up.].
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marched to the east of Shitaragahara with his main force of 12,000, leaving 3,000 men to maintain the siege around
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1703:[Surprising tricks of the 'Battle of Nagashino Outpost' that even the Takeda forces were astonished by].
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855:. He could no longer afford to conquer other territories and was forced to retreat back to his stronghold of
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Meanwhile, at Nagashino Castle, which was on the verge of falling under the onslaught of the Takeda forces,
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1472:[History of the Sengoku period changed by the rainy season: A new perspective on Nobunaga Senki].
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Moreover, apparently Oda Nobunaga had imposed an economic blockade on his enemies, such as the Takeda and
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vassal, and ordered a surprise attack on Mount Tobigasu. Sakai set out in the middle of the night with a
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shooting was first questioned by amateur historical researcher Fujimoto Masayuki in his 1980 essay
811:, Takeda suffered a loss of 10,000 men, two-thirds of his original besieging force. Several of the
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completely. Sohō praises the 'horse defense fence' and 'three-stage shooting' and states that the
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to have suffered a heavy defeat due to a reckless charge by his cavalry, is being re-evaluated.
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When Takeda's vassals learnt of the arrival of Oda's army, they advised Katsuyori to retreat to
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The Takeda clan deployed a 300-man force of guns in the Second Battle of Kawanakajima in 1555.
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was not destroyed until 1582, seven years after the defeat at Nagashino and Shitaragahara.
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The causes of victory for the allied forces used to be cited as the horse defensive fence (
1505:[Nagashino and Shitahara: Part 1 – Loyal soldiers, local samurai in the shadows].
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press the enemy close. Regarding the number of matchlock guns, the original entry in the
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1440:[Nagashino and Shitahara: part 2 – the wavering 'three-stage shooting' theory].
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Code of the Samurai A Modern Translation of the Bushido Shoshinshu of Taira Shigesuke
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Collection of Residences of Major Figures in the Azuchi-Momoyama Period, 2nd Edition
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on the far bottom-left. The headless corpse of Takeda warrior on the far right is
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Research on the Fudai domain: the government and domain of the Fudai Naito domain
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on 21 June. He led an Oda force of about 30,000 troops to Mikawa with his heir,
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army, which could mobilise only about 8,000 troops, could not stand against the
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The battle ended in an overwhelming victory for the allied forces, with the
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Battle of Nagashino historic battleground Aerial Photograph (taken in 1983)
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2063:"NHK大河ドラマではとても放送できない…織田信長が徳川家康に下した｢武田軍を皆殺しせよ｣という知略｢高天神城の688人｣を見捨てた武田勝頼の末路"
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1140:, Harada Naomasa, Fukutomi Hidekatsu, Nonomura Masashige, Niwa Ujitsugu,
973:, Nobunaga deployed about 1,000 matchlock guns between five commanders –
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with skull head as standard on his back, at the attack of Nagashino, 1575
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462:'s forces (15,000) and the allied forces won a crushing victory over the
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905:(Japanese Military History: Battle of Nagashino, 1903), compiled by the
2190:"鉄砲隊が狙っていたのは騎馬隊ではない… 長篠合戦で織田信長が武田軍に企てた｢根切｣という恐ろしい行為武田軍の精鋭たちを皆殺しにした作戦とは"
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981:, Nonomura Masanari, Fukuzumi Hidekatsu and Ban Naomasa – and had the
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recklessly drove his cavalry into the long horse defense fences where
1931:"信長の｢天才的戦術｣は旧日本陸軍のウソである…長篠の戦いで大敗した武田勢の評価が見直されているワケ敵陣に突入する戦法は｢正攻法｣だった"
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In recent years, the battle has increasingly been referred to as the
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Research on the history of the establishment of the Shogunate system
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Collection of Japanese medieval castle survey reports by prefecture
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In 1575, during the conflict between Oda-Tokugawa alliance against
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1616:"長篠の戦い「前日」に信長が仕掛け、その勝敗を分けた「ある策」とは? 有名な「三段撃ち」はあったのか? 長篠城をめぐる合戦の真実"
502:
1639:
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Hayashima, Daisuke (2016). "明智光秀の居所と行動". In Fujii Jōji (ed.).
2092:. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc. pp. 156–160.
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The Battle of Nagashino is remembered as the battle in which
664:. At the time, Nobunaga had been engaged in battles with the
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2289:"教科書に書かれていない｢信長が長篠の戦いで武田勝頼に勝った本当の理由｣ 最新研究が明かす武田軍と織田軍の決定的な違い"
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who received a mortal wound.This defeat was too painful for
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Tokugawa and Oda camps in front of it, one after the other.
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side losing a number of well-known commanders.According to
678:
2257:[Was there a three-stage gun shooting? (Part 2)].
2126:[Was there a three-stage gun shooting? (Part 1)].
1645:
1231:, Yasutada Shibata, Asahina Yasukatsu, Kusakabe Sadayoshi
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played an active role, including in the sniping death of
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756:) and took command. Nobunaga adopted a suggestion from
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Folding screen depicting the battle in Nagashino, with
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had been at war with each other since the lifetime of
2223:"武田勝頼は鉄砲をナメていたから負けたのではない…教科書が教えない｢長篠の戦いで信長が勝った本当の理由｣"
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The trigger for the battle was the offensive between
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viewed the Nagashino battle was an indicator of the
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1850:Hatamoto: Samurai Horse and Foot Guards 1540–1724
1825:] (in Japanese). Meiji University. p. 44
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1736:. London: Arms and Armour Press. pp. 79–94.
1609:
1607:
1358:A biography of Nobunaga, written on the basis of
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2319:"日本はポルトガル領になる予定だった…｢長篠の合戦｣で織田信長の鉄砲隊をイエズス会が支えたワケ"
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415:
16:1575 Oda-Tokugawa victory over the Takeda clan
2381:Samurai Battles: The Long Road to Unification
2241:
2106:
1880:
1584:
1458:
1410:
1057:
652:, in a difficult situation, decided that the
466:. As a result, Oda Nobunaga's unification of
2142:
1982:(in Japanese). Japan Business Press Co., Ltd
1952:
1572:(in Japanese). Japan Business Press Co., Ltd
1538:(in Japanese). Japan Business Press Co., Ltd
1491:
1422:
1327:
494:. The battle started with an offensive over
2402:Nagashino 1575: Slaughter at the Barricades
1815:Naito Family Documents Study Group (1972).
1550:
1523:
907:Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office
1727:
1725:
1285:, Tsuchiya Masatsune, Tsuchiya Sadatsuna,
2347:
1973:
1563:
1529:
1404:
897:was waiting with his new weapon of 3,000
2220:
2087:
1731:
1656:] (in Japanese). 東洋書林. p. 418.
1500:
1435:
1257:, Takeda Nobutoyo, Mochizuki Nobunaga,
1023:
880:
716:
616:
1767:] (in Japanese). 新人物往来社. p. 92
1722:
961:Nagashino no Teppō Senjutsu wa Kyokō da
677:forces into Nagashino at once and left
2442:
2187:
2060:
2019:
1796:] (in Japanese). 雄山閣出版. p. 94
1698:
1467:
815:were killed in this battle, including
813:Twenty-Four Generals of Takeda Shingen
2286:
2081:
1928:
1853:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 11.
1785:
1613:
1532:"織田・徳川連合軍と武田の戦い「長篠合戦」「設楽原合戦」どちらが正しい?"
1063:Main force of the battle of Nagashino
709:was sent as a messenger to Ieyasu in
505:of the Takeda army with his powerful
475:Battle of Nagashino and Shitaragahara
2252:
2121:
1974:Nishimata, Fusao (21 October 2020).
1646:Murata Shuzo; Hattori Hideo (2000).
1564:Nishimata, Fusao (20 October 2020).
1195:, Honda Masashige, Honda Nobutoshi,
1108:, Takagi Kiyohide, Sugaya Nagayori,
2157:"「楽市楽座は信長が発案した?」解いておきたい信長への「5つの誤解」"
1976:"長篠合戦の主役は織田軍の鉄砲隊ではなかった? 長篠合戦の真実・前編"
1566:"長篠合戦の主役は織田軍の鉄砲隊ではなかった? 長篠合戦の真実・前編"
1501:Ishikawa, Takuji (11 August 2009).
1436:Ishikawa, Takuji (13 August 2009).
13:
2341:
1765:History Reader, Volume 52, Masalah
1144:, Nishio Yoshitsugu, Yuasa Naomune
487:Nagashino Shitaragahara no Tatakai
43:Battle of Nagashino pictured on a
14:
2476:
2188:Naishi, Masahiko (18 June 2023).
1614:Honda, Taikashige (3 June 2023).
1530:Nishimata, Fusao (21 June 2023).
1053:Participating Military Commanders
2020:Hamada, Koichiro (13 May 2023).
37:
2310:
1837:
1750:
1699:Hamada, Koichiro (6 May 2023).
1374:
1365:
1352:
2323:President Online（プレジデントオンライン）
2061:Kahara, Toshi (11 June 2023).
1757:Shin Jinbutsu Ōraisha (2007).
1468:Takeda, Kyoson (7 July 2015).
1318:
1237:
1:
2455:Battles of the Sengoku period
2317:Tatsuo Fujita (藤田達生) (2022).
2253:Goza, Yuichi (17 July 2023).
2221:Hirayama, Yu (11 June 2023).
2122:Goza, Yuichi (30 June 2023).
1391:
1147:Generals of the Tokugawa Army
944:Nihon Senshi Nagashino no Eki
929:Nihon Senshi Nagashino no Eki
903:Nihon Senshi Nagashino no Eki
531:
2404:. Oxford: Osprey Publishing.
2325:(in Japanese). President Inc
2297:Nikkei Business Publications
2198:Nikkei Business Publications
1939:Nikkei Business Publications
796:
7:
2397:. London: Cassell & Co.
2376:. Leiden: Hotei Publishing.
2287:Atobe, Ban (20 June 2023).
1929:Atobe, Ban (11 June 2023).
1245:Generals of the Takeda Army
876:
486:
422:
10:
2481:
2400:Turnbull, Stephen (2000).
2393:Turnbull, Stephen (1998).
2088:Turnbull, Stephen (1977).
1732:Turnbull, Stephen (1987).
1470:"梅雨が変えた戦国の歴史 「信長戦記」に新たな視点"
1058:Oda-Tokugawa Allied Forces
605:, when the latter invaded
2372:Lamers, Jereon P (2000).
2022:"家康と信長が圧勝｢長篠の戦い｣今も残る大きな謎"
1818:譜代藩の研究 : 譜代内藤藩の藩政と藩領
827:with his younger brother
612:
480:
416:
394:
381:
116:
95:
51:
36:
28:
23:
2229:(in Japanese). President
2069:(in Japanese). President
1760:歴史読本, Volume 52, Issue 3
1701:"武田軍も仰天｢長篠の戦い前哨戦｣驚きの仕掛け"
1311:
1068:Generals of the Oda Army
458:(38,000) fought against
450:). The allied forces of
442:(present-day Nagashino,
1163:, Matsudaira Nobukazu,
940:Kinsei Nihon Kokuminshi
915:written by Oze Hoan, a
909:based on the war tales
685:, and joined Ieyasu at
644:. Katsuyori surrounded
430:was a famous battle in
2460:Sieges involving Japan
2426:34.92056°N 137.56250°E
2395:The Samurai Sourcebook
1734:Battles of the Samurai
1503:"長篠・設楽原：上 忠義の兵、影に地元武士"
1301:, Nagasaka Mitsukata,
1273:, Yamagata Masatsugu,
1029:
886:
730:
633:
598:from the Takeda clan.
117:Commanders and leaders
1890:. Tuttle Publishing.
1508:Asahi Shimbun Digital
1443:Asahi Shimbun Digital
1438:"長篠・設楽原：下 揺らぐ「三段撃ち」説"
1293:, Kanbara Shigezumi,
1169:Matsudaira Shigekatsu
1027:
884:
720:
620:
582:Tokugawa forces sent
470:was seen as certain.
395:Casualties and losses
2383:. Toyp Press (2020)
1227:, Tanaka Yoshitada,
1165:Matsudaira Sadakatsu
574:forces retreated to
434:, fought in 1575 at
423:Nagashino no Tatakai
87:Oda–Tokugawa victory
2431:34.92056; 137.56250
2422: /
2379:De Lange, William.
1649:都道府県別日本の中世城館調査報告書集成
1289:, Sanada Masateru,
1261:, Takeda Nobutaka,
1197:Sakakibara Yasumasa
1173:Matsudaira Tadamasa
1161:Matsudaira Nobuyasu
630:Tsukioka Yoshitoshi
588:Sakakibara Yasumasa
411:Battle of Nagashino
221:Matsudaira Koretada
213:Sakakibara Yasumasa
185:Matsudaira Nobuyasu
24:Battle of Nagashino
2026:Toyo Keizai Online
1705:Toyo Keizai Online
1283:Tsuchiya Masatsugu
1225:Watanabe Moritsuna
1213:Hiraiwa Chikayoshi
1211:, Ōsuga Yasutaka,
1094:Toyotomi Hideyoshi
1030:
887:
841:Tsuchiya Masatsugu
782:corps led by five
731:
634:
312:Tsuchiya Masatsugu
217:Watanabe Moritsuna
181:Kanamori Nagachika
2465:Conflicts in 1575
2374:Japonius Tyrannus
2255:"鉄砲3段撃ちはあったか（後篇）"
2169:. 29 January 2023
2124:"鉄砲3段撃ちはあったか（前篇）"
2099:978-0-02-620540-5
1743:978-0-85368-826-6
1626:Chuokoron-Shinsha
1271:Yamagata Masakage
1267:Oyamada Nobushige
1181:Ishikawa Kazumasa
1142:Tokuyama Norihide
1110:Kawajiri Hidetaka
1098:Takigawa Kazumasu
1046:Portuguese Empire
996:Mikawa Monogatari
833:Yamagata Masakage
727:Masakage Yamagata
696:According to the
526:Yamagata Masakage
407:
406:
252:Yamagata Masakage
248:Oyamada Nobushige
193:Takigawa Kazumasu
189:Ishikawa Kazumasa
161:Matsudaira Ietada
157:Hashiba Hideyoshi
137:Okudaira Sadamasa
91:
90:
2472:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2432:
2427:
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2419:
2418:
2415:
2389:978-949-2722-232
2369:
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2308:
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2239:
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2236:
2234:
2227:President Online
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2067:President Online
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2017:
1992:
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1987:
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1845:Stephen Turnbull
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1322:
1287:Sanada Nobutsuna
1263:Anayama Nobutada
1259:Ichijō Nobutatsu
1250:Takeda Katsuyori
1189:Honda Shigetsugu
1114:Inaba Yoshimichi
891:Takeda Katsuyori
853:Takeda Katsuyori
837:Saegusa Moritomo
825:Sanada Nobutsuna
746:Nagashino Castle
742:Takeda Katsuyori
691:Mount Gokurakuji
646:Nagashino Castle
638:Takeda Katsuyori
603:Takeda Katsuyori
592:Nagashino Castle
542:Takeda Katsuyori
496:Nagashino Castle
493:
492:
489:
483:
482:
460:Takeda Katsuyori
448:Aichi Prefecture
432:Japanese history
429:
428:
425:
419:
418:
368:
360:Saegusa Moritomo
348:
336:
320:
308:
296:
288:Sanada Nobutsuna
284:
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244:Anayama Nobutada
240:Ichijō Nobutatsu
235:Takeda Katsuyori
229:
141:Akechi Mitsuhide
69:Nagashino Castle
53:
52:
41:
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2366:
2351:織豊期主要人物居所集成 第2版
2344:
2342:Further reading
2339:
2338:
2328:
2326:
2315:
2311:
2301:
2299:
2295:(in Japanese).
2293:Nikkei Business
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2212:
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2200:
2196:(in Japanese).
2194:Nikkei Business
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2165:(in Japanese).
2162:Gendai Business
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2028:(in Japanese).
2018:
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1937:(in Japanese).
1935:Nikkei Business
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1624:(in Japanese).
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1476:(in Japanese).
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1419:Tokugawa jikki.
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1357:
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1314:
1299:Atobe Katsusuke
1291:Sanada Masayuki
1255:Takeda Nobukado
1240:
1229:Kōriki Masanaga
1193:Honda Tadakatsu
1185:Kōriki Kiyonaga
1157:Imagawa Ujizane
1152:Tokugawa Ieyasu
1118:Hineno Hironari
1106:Mizuno Nobumoto
1102:Sakuma Nobumori
1086:Shibata Katsuie
1060:
1055:
992:Sakai Tadatsugu
923:. According to
919:scholar of the
879:
864:Tokugawa Ieyasu
829:Sanada Masateru
799:
758:Sakai Tadatsugu
748:. Seeing this,
723:Honda Tadakatsu
650:Tokugawa Ieyasu
642:Mikawa Province
624:Sakai Tadatsugu
615:
596:Tōtōmi Province
590:to capture the
584:Honda Tadakatsu
538:Tokugawa Ieyasu
534:
490:
477:
456:Tokugawa Ieyasu
440:Mikawa Province
426:
413:
376:Kōsaka Masanobu
374:
372:Takeda Nobutoyo
370:
364:
358:
356:Sanada Masayuki
354:
352:Takeda Nobukado
350:
344:
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328:Sanada Masateru
326:
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300:Takeda Nobuzane
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209:Sakai Tadatsugu
207:
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201:Shibata Katsuie
199:
197:Ōkubo Tadachika
195:
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187:
183:
179:
177:Sakuma Nobumori
175:
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159:
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149:Honda Tadakatsu
147:
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133:Imagawa Ujizane
131:
129:Tokugawa Ieyasu
127:
104:
79:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2478:
2468:
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2457:
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2406:
2405:
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2370:
2365:978-4784218332
2364:
2358:]. 思文閣出版.
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1993:
1951:
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1896:
1873:
1860:978-1849082518
1859:
1836:
1807:
1786:煎本 増夫 (1979).
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1742:
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1407:, p. 178.
1405:Hayashima 2016
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1303:Obata Masamori
1275:Naitō Masatoyo
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1234:
1233:
1232:
1217:Naitō Nobunari
1209:Ōkubo Tadasuke
1201:Torii Mototada
1177:Amano Yasukage
1148:
1145:
1134:Sassa Narimasa
1126:Mori Nagayoshi
1122:Ikeda Tsuneoki
1069:
1064:
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1056:
1054:
1051:
1000:Ōkubo Tadataka
975:Sassa Narimasa
899:matchlock guns
878:
875:
849:Obata Masamori
845:Naitō Masatoyo
798:
795:
707:Torii Suneemon
636:In June 1575,
614:
611:
607:Enshū province
558:Takeda Shingen
554:Tokugawa clans
533:
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522:matchlock guns
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264:Naitō Masatoyo
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153:Ikeda Tsuneoki
145:Sassa Narimasa
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2450:1575 in Japan
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2261:(in Japanese)
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1349:descriptions.
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1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1090:Niwa Nagahide
1087:
1083:
1082:Oda Nobukatsu
1079:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1042:Tatsuo Fujita
1038:
1034:
1026:
1022:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1003:
1001:
998:, written by
997:
993:
988:
984:
980:
979:Maeda Toshiie
976:
972:
968:
967:
962:
956:
954:
949:
945:
941:
937:
936:Tokutomi Sohō
932:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
913:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
883:
874:
872:
867:
865:
860:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
821:Hara Masatane
818:
817:Baba Nobuharu
814:
810:
809:
804:
794:
792:
791:
785:
781:
775:
772:
767:
766:flying column
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
736:
728:
724:
719:
715:
712:
708:
703:
701:
700:
694:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
631:
627:
625:
622:depiction of
619:
610:
608:
604:
599:
597:
593:
589:
585:
580:
577:
572:
571:subcontractor
568:
563:
562:Okudaira clan
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
529:
527:
523:
519:
514:
512:
508:
504:
499:
497:
488:
476:
471:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
424:
412:
403:10,000 killed
402:
399:
398:
393:
390:15,000–20,000
389:
387:38,000–72,000
386:
385:
380:
377:
373:
369:
367:
361:
357:
353:
349:
347:
341:
340:Hara Masatane
337:
335:
329:
325:
321:
319:
313:
309:
307:
301:
297:
295:
289:
285:
283:
277:
276:Baba Nobufusa
273:
271:
265:
261:
259:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
236:
232:
230:
228:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
173:Maeda Toshiie
170:
166:
165:Niwa Nagahide
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
125:
121:
120:
115:
112:
109:
107:
106:Tokugawa clan
103:
100:
99:
94:
86:
83:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
63:
62:
58:
55:
54:
50:
46:
40:
35:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2407:
2401:
2394:
2380:
2373:
2355:
2350:
2327:. Retrieved
2322:
2312:
2300:. Retrieved
2292:
2263:. Retrieved
2258:
2231:. Retrieved
2226:
2201:. Retrieved
2193:
2183:
2171:. Retrieved
2160:
2132:. Retrieved
2127:
2089:
2083:
2071:. Retrieved
2066:
2033:. Retrieved
2025:
1984:. Retrieved
1979:
1942:. Retrieved
1934:
1901:. Retrieved
1886:
1876:
1864:. Retrieved
1849:
1839:
1827:. Retrieved
1822:
1817:
1810:
1798:. Retrieved
1793:
1788:
1781:
1769:. Retrieved
1764:
1759:
1752:
1733:
1712:. Retrieved
1704:
1667:. Retrieved
1653:
1648:
1641:
1629:. Retrieved
1619:
1574:. Retrieved
1569:
1540:. Retrieved
1535:
1525:
1513:. Retrieved
1506:
1481:. Retrieved
1474:Nikkei Style
1473:
1448:. Retrieved
1441:
1400:
1376:
1367:
1360:Shinchō Kōki
1359:
1354:
1320:
1248:
1221:Naitō Ienaga
1205:Ōkubo Tadayo
1150:
1130:Gamō Ujisato
1078:Oda Nobutada
1073:Oda Nobunaga
1071:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1019:Shinchō Kōki
1018:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1004:
995:
987:Shinchō Kōki
986:
971:Shinchō Kōki
970:
966:Shinchō Kōki
964:
960:
957:
953:World War II
943:
939:
933:
928:
924:
910:
902:
895:Oda Nobunaga
888:
868:
861:
808:Shinchō Kōki
806:
800:
790:Shinchō Kōki
788:
776:
750:Oda Nobunaga
740:On 28 June,
739:
732:
704:
699:Shinchō Kōki
697:
695:
683:Oda Nobutada
670:Miyoshi clan
662:Oda Nobunaga
635:
621:
600:
581:
576:Kai Province
567:Oda Nobunaga
548:region. The
546:North Mikawa
535:
515:
507:arquebusiers
500:
474:
472:
452:Oda Nobunaga
410:
408:
400:6,000 killed
365:
345:
333:
317:
305:
293:
281:
269:
257:
233:
226:
205:Oda Nobutada
169:Ōkubo Tadayo
124:Oda Nobunaga
122:
96:Belligerents
59:28 June 1575
31:Feudal Japan
29:Part of the
18:
2429: /
2417:137°33′45″E
2090:The Samurai
2030:Toyo Keizai
1709:Toyo Keizai
1621:Fujin Kōron
1238:Takeda Army
934:Journalist
871:Takeda clan
862:Meanwhile,
754:Chausu-yama
511:tanegashima
464:Takeda clan
111:Takeda clan
2444:Categories
2414:34°55′14″N
2302:18 October
2265:18 October
2233:18 October
2203:18 October
2173:18 October
2134:18 October
2073:18 October
2035:18 October
1986:18 October
1944:18 October
1789:幕藩体制成立史の研究
1714:18 October
1663:4887214324
1631:18 October
1576:18 October
1542:18 October
1515:18 October
1483:18 October
1478:The Nikkei
1450:18 October
1392:References
921:Edo period
771:detachment
628:, work by
532:Background
925:Shinchōki
917:Confucian
912:Shinchōki
797:Aftermath
780:matchlock
666:Hongan-ji
544:over the
481:長篠・設楽原の戦い
444:Shinshiro
436:Nagashino
2167:Kodansha
1884:(2011).
1847:(2012).
983:ashigaru
877:Analysis
762:Tokugawa
654:Tokugawa
640:invaded
518:stockade
509:, using
382:Strength
102:Oda clan
64:Location
1980:JBpress
1570:JBpress
1536:JBpress
948:Shingen
711:Okazaki
687:Okazaki
503:cavalry
366:†
346:†
334:†
318:†
306:†
294:†
282:†
270:†
258:†
227:†
2387:
2362:
2329:7 June
2096:
1894:
1857:
1829:15 May
1800:15 May
1771:22 May
1740:
1669:22 May
1660:
1384:clans.
847:, and
803:Takeda
658:Takeda
613:Battle
579:clan.
550:Takeda
362:
342:
330:
314:
302:
290:
278:
266:
254:
223:
84:Result
77:Honshu
73:Mikawa
47:screen
2354:[
2259:AGORA
2128:Agora
1903:6 May
1866:6 May
1821:[
1792:[
1763:[
1652:[
1312:Notes
784:bugyō
468:Japan
417:長篠の戦い
45:Byōbu
2385:ISBN
2360:ISBN
2331:2024
2304:2023
2267:2023
2235:2023
2205:2023
2175:2023
2136:2023
2094:ISBN
2075:2023
2037:2023
1988:2023
1946:2023
1905:2024
1892:ISBN
1868:2024
1855:ISBN
1831:2024
1802:2024
1773:2024
1738:ISBN
1716:2023
1671:2024
1658:ISBN
1633:2023
1578:2023
1544:2023
1517:2023
1485:2023
1452:2023
1382:Hōjō
760:, a
679:Gifu
668:and
586:and
552:and
540:and
454:and
409:The
56:Date
938:'s
857:Kai
735:Kai
675:Oda
438:in
2446::
2275:^
2243:^
2213:^
2144:^
2108:^
2045:^
1996:^
1954:^
1913:^
1724:^
1679:^
1586:^
1552:^
1493:^
1460:^
1424:^
1412:^
1329:^
1297:,
1281:,
1277:,
1269:,
1265:,
1253:,
1223:,
1219:,
1215:,
1207:,
1203:,
1199:,
1191:,
1187:,
1183:,
1179:,
1175:,
1171:,
1167:,
1159:,
1155:,
1136:,
1132:,
1128:,
1124:,
1120:,
1116:,
1112:,
1104:,
1100:,
1096:,
1092:,
1088:,
1084:,
1080:,
1076:,
977:,
931:.
859:.
843:,
839:,
835:,
831:,
823:,
819:,
513:.
484:,
446:,
420:,
75:,
71:,
2368:.
2333:.
2306:.
2269:.
2237:.
2207:.
2177:.
2138:.
2102:.
2077:.
2039:.
1990:.
1948:.
1907:.
1870:.
1833:.
1804:.
1775:.
1746:.
1718:.
1673:.
1635:.
1580:.
1546:.
1519:.
1487:.
1454:.
729:.
632:.
491:)
478:(
427:)
414:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
