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sent in. Tretyakov's remaining ammunition reserves had been blown up under orders of
General Fok. Fok, paranoid of a possible Japanese landing between his position and the safety of Port Arthur, was panicked by a flanking attack by the decimated Japanese Fourth Division along the west coast. In his rush to flee the battle, Fok had neglected to tell Tretyakov of the order to retreat, and Tretyakov thus found himself in the precarious position of being encircled, with no ammunition and no reserve force available for a counter-attack. Tretyakov had no choice but to order his troops to fall back to the second defensive line. By 19:20, the
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633:金州), just north of Nanzan hill. Despite being defended by no more than 400 men with antiquated artillery, the Fourth Division failed on two attempts to breach its gates. Two battalions from the First Division attacked independently at 05:30 on 25 May 1904, finally breaching the defenses and taking the town.
693:
Due to lack of ammunition, the
Japanese could not move from Nanshan until 30 May 1904. To their amazement, they found that the Russians had made no effort to hold the strategically valuable and easily defendable port of Dalny, but had retreated all the way back to Port Arthur. Although the town had
660:
Finding his calls for reinforcement unanswered, Colonel
Tretyakov was amazed to find that the uncommitted reserve regiments were in full retreat: in the midst of battle Nadein ordered 2 battalions from reserve to occupy the empty trenches of the left flank, but for some reason only 2 companies were
656:
obstacles, inflicted heavy losses on the
Japanese during repeated assaults. By 18:00, after nine attempts, the Japanese had failed to overrun the firmly entrenched Russian positions. Oku had committed all of his reserves, and both sides had used up most of their artillery ammunition.
636:
With his flank thus secure, General Oku could then commence the main assault on the entrenched
Russian forces on Nanshan Hill. The assault was postponed a day due to the weather. On 26 May 1904, Oku began with prolonged artillery barrage from Japanese gunboats offshore, followed by
759:
732:
665:
flew from the summit of
Nanshan Hill. Tretyakov, who had fought well and who had lost only 400 men during the battle, lost 650 more men in his poorly supported retreat back to the main defensive lines around Port Arthur.
747:
598:. The Japanese were well aware of the fortifications, as a Colonel Doi of Japanese intelligence was one of the thousands of "Chinese laborers" recruited by the Russians to work on the project in 1903.
578:
were dug into fortified positions on
Nanshan hill, where they planned to hold out despite knowing they would be greatly outnumbered. The reserve divisions were under command of Lieutenant-General
720:
492:
landed on
Pitzewo (modern day Pikou), on the Liaodong Peninsula, some 70 miles northeast from Port Arthur. The Second Army was 38,500 strong and consisted of three divisions: the
686:. The Japanese had also fired 2.19 million rifle and machine gun rounds in one day of fighting- more than the number (c. 2 million) fired by the Prussians during the entire
244:
582:, a former police officer who had risen to his position through political patronage rather than experience or ability. The Russian forces had 114 pieces of
674:
The
Russians lost a total of about 1,400 killed, wounded and missing during the battle. Although the Japanese did not win lightly, having at least 6,198
570:
General
Stoessel had approximately 17,000 men and the 4th, 5th, 13th, 14th and 15th East Siberian Rifles (all were under the full supervision of General
567:
at Port Arthur. Since no direct orders had been left, the indecisive and incompetent Admiral Vitgeft allowed the Japanese landing to proceed unopposed.
1004:
868:
John Steinberg (editor). "The Russo-Japanese War in Global Perspective: World War Zero." Volume II. Brill Academic Pub: May 2005. Pages 191-192.
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On the Russian side, the overall direction of the battle was first exercised by General Nadein, and then by General Fok.
951:
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893:
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682:. The Japanese had fired 34,000 artillery shells during the battle – more than had been expended during the entire
625:
On 24 May 1904, during a heavy thunderstorm, the Japanese Fourth Division under the command of Lieutenant General
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been looted by the local civilians, the harbor equipment, warehouses and railway yards were all left intact.
384:
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After Japan occupied Dalny, a memorial tower was erected on top of Nanshan Hill with the famous poem by
1058:
445:. It took place on 24–26 May 1904 across a two-mile-wide defense line across the narrowest part of the
705:, and only the foundation is left. A portion of the stone tablet with the poem is now stored in the
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Japanese assault on the entrenched Russian forces, 1904 at the Battle of Nanshan
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678:, they could claim victory. Among the 739 dead was the eldest son of General
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977:(in Russian). Vol. IIА. Пруссия—Фома. Россия. Friedrich A. Brockhaus (
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The Russian Army cemeteries at Nanshan Soviet Military Cemetery in Jinzhou
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assaults by all three of his divisions. The Russians, with
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935:
Murray, Nicholas. “Nanshan, Battle of (25-26 May 1904),”
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and on the 116-meter high Nanshan Hill, the present-day
939:, Timothy Dowling (ed.), ABC-CLIO, (December 2014).
963:
836:
629:attacked the walled town of Chinchou (modern-day
507:The Japanese intention was to break through this
1035:
919:Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War
857:Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War
408:
753:The site of the "Nanshan Achievement Monument"
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238:
974:Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary
816:Russian Main Military Medical Directorate (
552:in command of Russian ground forces in the
245:
231:
902:. Osprey Essential Histories. (2002).
851:
849:
847:
845:
613:
605:
511:defensive position, capture the port of
504:. Landing was completed by 5 May 1904.
1036:
913:
769:frightens the Russians out of Tokuriji
252:
944:The Origins of the Russo-Japanese War
842:
701:. The tower was demolished after the
610:Japanese map of the Battle of Nanshan
226:
16:1904 battle in the Russo-Japanese War
1049:Battles involving the Russian Empire
818:Glavnoe Voenno-Sanitarnoe Upravlenie
618:Russian map of the Battle of Nanshan
997:Russo-Japanese War Research Society
13:
738:Ruins of the Stele of the poem by
477:After the Japanese victory at the
14:
1085:
1054:Battles of the Russo-Japanese War
990:
431:Сражение при Цзинь-чжоу/Кинь-чжоу
210:6,198 killed, wounded or captured
900:The Russo-Japanese War 1904–1905
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150:
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127:
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457:, north of the city center of
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1064:Military history of Manchuria
837:Arsenyev & Shevyakov 1907
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449:, covering the approaches to
886:Rising Sun and Tumbling Bear
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820:) statistical report. 1914.
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771:. Propagandistic print by
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576:Colonel Nikolai Tretyakov
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47:
36:
28:
23:
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1044:Battles involving Japan
956:Sedwick, F. R. (1909).
921:. The Scarecrow Press.
684:First Sino-Japanese War
535:for consultations with
502:Fourth Division (Osaka)
498:Third Division (Nagoya)
1020:39.08028°N 121.72417°E
958:The Russo-Japanese War
619:
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494:First Division (Tokyo)
121:Commanders and leaders
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531:had been recalled to
217:598 Missing in action
205:Casualties and losses
985:). pp. 858–859.
965:Arsenyev, Konstantin
882:Connaughton, Richard
483:Japanese Second Army
417:, also known as the
310:Dogger Bank incident
1025:39.08028; 121.72417
1016: /
969:Shevyakov, Vladimir
773:Kobayashi Kiyochika
688:Austro-Prussian War
981:), Ilya A. Efron (
942:Nish, Ian (1985).
620:
612:
563:in control of the
554:Kwantung Peninsula
447:Liáodōng Peninsula
443:Russo-Japanese War
256:Russo-Japanese War
31:Russo-Japanese War
1059:Conflicts in 1904
908:978-1-84176-446-7
898:Jukes, Geoffrey.
529:Yevgeni Alekseyev
419:battle of Jinzhou
410:Nanzan no tatakai
398:Battle of Nanshan
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179:Nikolai Tretyakov
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796:: 11–13 May 1904
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631:Jinzhou District
550:Anatoly Stoessel
519:to Port Arthur.
455:Jinzhou District
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1069:May 1904 events
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572:Mitrofan Nadein
561:Wilgelm Vitgeft
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277:1st Port Arthur
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55:24–26 May 1904
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707:Lüshun Prison
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680:Nogi Maresuke
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627:Ogawa Mataji
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490:Yasukata Oku
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323:Land battles
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288:Hitachi Maru
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282:Chemulpo Bay
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134:Oku Yasukata
89:Belligerents
29:Part of the
18:
1023: /
1011:121°43′27″E
946:. Longman.
888:. Cassell.
703:Pacific War
654:barbed wire
596:barbed wire
540:Nicholas II
451:Port Arthur
350:Tashihchiao
345:Motien Pass
215:836 wounded
66:Port Arthur
1038:Categories
1008:39°04′49″N
804:References
676:casualties
602:The battle
515:, and lay
479:Yalu River
473:Background
360:Hsimucheng
330:Yalu River
295:Yellow Sea
213:182 killed
340:Te-li-Ssu
70:Manchuria
64:North of
971:(1907).
917:(2006).
884:(2003).
855:Kowner,
639:infantry
592:trenches
463:Liaoning
423:Chinchou
385:Sakhalin
365:Liaoyang
315:Tsushima
305:Korsakov
185:Strength
60:Location
979:Leipzig
876:Sources
775:, 1904.
713:Gallery
670:Results
558:Admiral
526:Viceroy
523:Russian
509:Russian
487:General
441:of the
439:battles
427:Russian
375:Sandepu
335:Nanshan
950:
925:
906:
892:
767:Raijin
556:, and
533:Moscow
481:, the
459:Dalian
380:Mukden
290:convoy
194:3,800
190:35,500
100:
77:Result
781:Notes
647:Maxim
643:mines
547:Baron
517:siege
513:Dalny
467:China
404:南山の戦い
370:Shaho
300:Ulsan
948:ISBN
923:ISBN
904:ISBN
890:ISBN
652:and
594:and
537:Tsar
500:and
435:many
396:The
52:Date
421:or
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967:;
844:^
825:^
709:.
690:.
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931:.
910:.
839:.
425:(
414:)
401:(
246:e
239:t
232:v
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