Battle of Okinawa - Knowledge

7806: 3089: 2318: 2694: 3137: 7764: 572: 913: 900: 379: 359: 340: 7970: 1096: 7993:. Never before had there been, probably never again will there be, such a vicious sprawling struggle of planes against planes, of ships against planes. Never before, in so short a space, had the Navy lost so many ships; never before in land fighting had so much American blood been shed in so short a time in so small an area: probably never before in any three months of the war had the enemy suffered so hugely, and the final toll of American casualties was the highest experienced in any campaign against the Japanese. There have been larger land battles, more protracted air campaigns, but Okinawa was the largest combined operation, a “no quarter” struggle fought on, under and over the sea and land. 2336: 2486: 7755:. Early claims of Japanese aircraft losses put the total at 7,800, however later examination of Japanese records revealed that Japanese aircraft losses at Okinawa were far below often-repeated US estimates for the campaign. The number of conventional and kamikaze aircraft actually lost or expended by the 3rd, 5th, and 10th Air Fleets, combined with about 500 lost or expended by the Imperial Army at Okinawa, was roughly 1,430. The Allies destroyed 27 Japanese tanks and 743 artillery pieces (including mortars, anti-tank and anti-aircraft guns), some of them eliminated by the naval and air bombardments but most knocked out by American counter-battery fire. 2678: 2514: 939: 848: 660: 522: 450: 316: 304: 292: 281: 261: 177: 161: 2840: 1030: 240: 1129: 3185: 7949:(Okinawan for "only if one is alive") collecting living survivors' accounts to show "the truth of history to many people", alleging that "there were two types of orders for 'honorable deaths'—one for residents to kill each other and the other for the military to kill all residents". In March 2013, Japanese textbook publisher Shimizu Shoin was permitted by MEXT to publish the statements that "Orders from Japanese soldiers led to Okinawans committing group suicide" and "The army caused many tragedies in Okinawa, killing local civilians and forcing them to commit mass suicide." 227: 863: 2452: 826: 806: 786: 736: 7958: 628: 417: 398: 7740: 201: 2768:), two hills with a connecting saddle that formed part of Shuri's outer defenses. The Japanese had prepared their positions well and fought tenaciously. The Japanese soldiers hid in fortified caves. American forces often lost personnel before clearing the Japanese out from each cave or other hiding place. The Japanese sent Okinawans at gunpoint out to obtain water and supplies for them, which led to civilian casualties. The American advance was inexorable but resulted in a high number of casualties on both sides. 7872: 2564: 15236: 547: 2670: 983: 328: 189: 2142: 3145: 214: 7748:

which thousands of Japanese soldiers surrendered or were captured. Many of the prisoners were native Okinawans who had been pressed into service shortly before the battle and were less imbued with the Imperial Japanese Army's no-surrender doctrine. When the American forces occupied the island, many Japanese soldiers put on Okinawan clothing to avoid capture, and some Okinawans would come to the Americans' aid by offering to identify these mainland Japanese.

2702: 2868: 3197: 8064:... because the Japanese on Okinawa ... were so fierce in their defense (even when cut off and without supplies), and because casualties were so appalling, many American strategists looked for an alternative means to subdue mainland Japan, other than a direct invasion. This means presented itself, with the advent of atomic bombs, which worked admirably in convincing the Japanese to sue for peace , without American casualties. 8005:". At least 90% of the buildings on the island were destroyed, along with countless historical documents, artifacts, and cultural treasures, and the tropical landscape was turned into "a vast field of mud, lead, decay and maggots". The military value of Okinawa was significant, as Okinawa provided a fleet anchorage, troop staging areas, and airfields in proximity to Japan. The US cleared the surrounding waters of mines in 1136: 1103: 7926:

reinstate the reference that civilians "were forced into mass suicides by the Japanese military", on condition it is placed in sufficient context. The council report states, "It can be said that from the viewpoint of the Okinawa residents, they were forced into the mass suicides." That was not enough for the survivors who said it is important for children today to know what really happened.

11224: 8885: 8696: 2231:, deployed to the east of Okinawa with a picket group of 6 to 8 destroyers, kept 13 carriers (7 fleet carriers and 6 light carriers) on duty from 23 March to 27 April and a smaller number thereafter. Until 27 April, a minimum of 14 and up to 18 escort carriers were in the area at all times. Until 20 April, British Task Force 57, with 4 large and 6 escort carriers, remained off the 60: 3235:. Additionally, the rains caused mud that prevented tanks from moving and tracks from pulling out the dead, forcing Marines (who pride themselves on burying their dead in a proper and honorable manner) to leave their comrades where they lay. This, coupled with thousands of bodies both friend and foe littering the entire island, created a scent you could nearly taste. 7789:, were uninhabited or had been evacuated. Okinawa, by contrast, had a large indigenous civilian population; US Army records from the planning phase of the operation made the assumption that Okinawa was home to about 300,000 civilians. The official US Tenth Army count for the 82-day campaign is a total of 142,058 recovered enemy bodies (including those civilians 7912:(MEXT) advised textbook publishers to reword descriptions that the embattled Imperial Japanese Army forced civilians to kill themselves in the war to avoid being taken prisoner. MEXT preferred descriptions that just say that civilians received hand grenades from the Japanese military. This move sparked widespread protests among Okinawans. In June 2007, the 3123:, along with those who died in Okinawa from war-related events in the year before the battle and the year after the surrender. 234,183 names were inscribed by the time of unveiling, and new names are added as necessary. 40,000 of the Okinawan civilians killed had been drafted or impressed by the Japanese army and are often counted as combat deaths. 2730:"). By the night of 8 April, American troops had cleared these and several other strongly fortified positions. They suffered over 1,500 battle casualties in the process while killing or capturing about 4,500 Japanese. Yet the battle had only begun, for it was realized that "these were merely outposts," guarding the Shuri Line. 2536:, 15 mi (24 km) west of Okinawa on 26 March. Subsidiary landings followed, and the Kerama group was secured over the next five days. In these preliminary operations, the 77th Infantry Division suffered 27 dead and 81 wounded, while the Japanese dead and captured numbered over 650. On March 28, 1945, 394 civilians on 8027:, in which your airmen protected the British people. We had the Battle of Okinawa, in which the exact opposite happened. The Japanese army not only starved the Okinawans but used them as human shields. That dark history is still present today – and Japan and the US should study it before they decide what to do with next. 7839:, one of the two major Okinawan newspapers, wrote in 2007: "There are many Okinawans who have testified that the Japanese Army directed them to commit suicide. There are also people who have testified that they were handed grenades by Japanese soldiers" to blow themselves up. Thousands of civilians, having been induced by 3018:

the latter stages of the battle, including the deaths of thousands of civilians. In addition, there were 9,000 IJN troops supported by 1,100 militia, with approximately 4,000 holed up at the underground headquarters on the hillside overlooking the Okinawa Naval Base in the Oroku Peninsula, east of the airfield.

7883:

Witnesses and historians claim that soldiers, mainly Japanese troops, raped Okinawan women during the battle. Rape by Japanese troops reportedly "became common" in June, after it became clear that the Imperial Japanese Army had been defeated. Marine Corps officials in Okinawa and Washington have said

3064:

in their command headquarters on Hill 89 in the closing hours of the battle. Colonel Yahara had asked Ushijima for permission to commit suicide, but the general refused his request, saying: "If you die there will be no one left who knows the truth about the battle of Okinawa. Bear the temporary shame

2998:

for three days before this advance. The 32nd Army withdrew to the south and thus the Marines had an easy task of securing Shuri Castle. The castle, however, was outside the 1st Marine Division's assigned zone, and only frantic efforts by the commander and staff of the 77th Infantry Division prevented

2771:

As the American assault against Kakazu Ridge stalled, Lieutenant General Ushijima—influenced by General Chō—decided to take the offensive. On the evening of 12 April, the 32nd Army attacked American positions across the entire front. The Japanese attack was heavy, sustained, and well organized. After

2187:

were organized into a nursing unit. This mobilization was conducted by an ordinance of the Ministry of the Army, not by law. The ordinances mobilized the students as volunteer soldiers for form's sake; in reality, the military authorities ordered schools to force almost all students to "volunteer" as

3156:

The Americans suffered some 48,000 casualties, not including some 33,000 non-battle casualties (psychiatric, injuries, illnesses), of whom over 12,000 were killed or missing. Killed in action were 4,907 Navy, 4,675 Army, and 2,938 Marine Corps personnel; when excluding naval losses at sea and losses

7747:

A total of 7,401 Japanese regulars and 3,400 Okinawan conscripts surrendered or were captured during the battle of Okinawa. Additional Japanese and renegade Okinawans were captured or surrendered over the next few months, bringing the total to 16,346. This was the first battle in the Pacific War in

8260:

Hayashi (cited above) lists, in addition to the 28,228 Okinawan military personnel - many of whom were poorly trained and equipped civilians - 55,246 other civilians who directly aided the military in some way and 38,754 others who died. Historian Masayasu Oshiro criticizes the last figure as low,

8084:

In 1995, the Okinawa government erected a memorial monument named the Cornerstone of Peace in Mabuni, the site of the last fighting in southeastern Okinawa. The memorial lists all the known names of those who died in the battle, civilian and military, Japanese and foreign. As of 2024, the monument

7817:

In its history of the war, the Okinawa Prefectural Peace Memorial Museum presents Okinawa as being caught between Japan and the United States. During the battle, the Imperial Japanese Army showed indifference to Okinawans' safety, and its soldiers used civilians as human shields or outright killed

3017:

The Japanese retreat, although harassed by artillery fire, was conducted with great skill at night and aided by the monsoon storms. The 32nd Army was able to move nearly 30,000 personnel into its last defense line on the Kiyan Peninsula, which ultimately led to the greatest slaughter on Okinawa in

8200:

3,672 killed in action, 16,027 wounded (of whom 995 died), 58 captured (of whom 37 died), 172 missing (of whom 14 were declared dead as of 31 December 1946). The number for wounded only includes those who were hospitalized. Tenth Army's after action report lists a somewhat higher total of 22,564,

7920:

On 29 September 2007, about 110,000 people held the biggest political rally in the history of Okinawa to demand that MEXT retract its order to textbook publishers regarding revising the account of the civilian suicides. The resolution states, "It is an undeniable fact that the 'multiple suicides'

3212:

s. Combat losses were 458, and the other 310 were operational accidents. At sea, 368 Allied ships—including 120 amphibious craft—were damaged while another 36—including 15 amphibious ships and 12 destroyers—were sunk during the Okinawa campaign. The US Navy's dead exceeded its wounded, with 4,907

3177:

lethal slivers of coral into his body, while inspecting his troops at the front line. He was the highest-ranking US officer to be killed by enemy fire during the Second World War. The day after Buckner was killed, Brigadier General Easley was killed by Japanese machine-gun fire. War correspondent

2968:

battlefield, as troops became mired in mud, and flooded roads greatly inhibited evacuation of wounded to the rear. Troops lived on a field sodden by rain, part garbage dump and part graveyard. Unburied Japanese and American bodies decayed, sank in the mud and became part of a noxious stew. Anyone

7933:

wrote a booklet that states that the mass suicide order was given by the military during the battle. He was sued by revisionists, including a wartime commander during the battle, who disputed this and wanted to stop publication of the booklet. At a court hearing, Ōe testified "Mass suicides were

3433:

The following table lists the Allied naval vessels that received damage or were sunk in the Battle of Okinawa between 19 March – 30 July 1945. The table lists a total of 147 damaged ships, five of which were damaged by enemy suicide boats and another five by mines. During the naval battle, which

3176:

The most famous American casualty was Lieutenant General Buckner, whose decision to attack the Japanese defenses head-on, although extremely costly in American lives, was ultimately successful. Four days from the closing of the campaign, Buckner was killed by Japanese artillery fire, which blew

2975:

On 26 May aerial observers saw large troop movements just below Shuri. On 28 May Marine patrols found recently abandoned positions west of Shuri. By 30 May the consensus among Army and Marine intelligence was that the majority of Japanese forces had withdrawn from the Shuri Line. On 29 May the

7925:

to (the descriptions) is a denial and distortion of the many testimonies by those people who survived the incidents." In December 2007, MEXT partially admitted the role of the Japanese military in civilian mass suicides. The ministry's Textbook Authorization Council allowed the publishers to

3239:

was dangerously low by May and the state of discipline on a moral basis had a new low barometer for acceptable behavior. The ruthless atrocities by the Japanese throughout the war had already brought on an altered behavior (deemed so by traditional standards) by many Americans resulting in

2644:, a twisted mass of rocky ridges and ravines on the center of the peninsula. There was heavy fighting before the Marines finally cleared Yaedake on 18 April. However, this was not the end of ground combat in northern Okinawa. On 24 May, the Japanese mounted Operation Gi-gou: a company of 7800:

There was some return fire from a few of the houses, but the others were probably occupied by civilians—and we didn't care. It was a terrible thing not to distinguish between the enemy and women and children. Americans always had great compassion, especially for children. Now we fired

7916:

adopted a resolution stating, "We strongly call on the (national) government to retract the instruction and to immediately restore the description in the textbooks so the truth of the Battle of Okinawa will be handed down correctly and a tragic war will never happen again."

7867:

managed to convince many civilians not to kill themselves. Survivors of the mass suicides blamed also the indoctrination of their education system of the time, in which the Okinawans were taught to become "more Japanese than the Japanese" and were expected to prove it.

2429:, taking part as Task Force 57, was assigned the task of neutralizing the Japanese airfields in the Sakishima Islands, which it did successfully from March 26 to April 10. On April 10, its attention was shifted to airfields in northern Formosa. The force withdrew to 2823:

cleared many cave defenses, there was no breakthrough, and the XXIV Corps suffered 720 casualties. The losses might have been greater except for the fact that the Japanese had practically all of their infantry reserves tied up farther south, held there by another

2791:

now had three divisions in the line, with the 96th in the middle and the 7th to the east, with each division holding a front of only about 1.5 mi (2.4 km). Hodge launched a new offensive on 19 April with a barrage of 324 guns, the largest ever in the

3230:

More mental health issues arose from the Battle of Okinawa than any other battle in the Pacific during World War II. The constant bombardment from artillery and mortars coupled with the high casualty rates led to a great deal of personnel coming down with

2717:

wheeled south across the narrow isthmus of Okinawa. The 96th Infantry Division began to encounter fierce resistance in west-central Okinawa from Japanese troops holding fortified positions east of Highway No. 1 and about 5 mi (8 km) northwest of

3108:, which identifies the names of each individual who died at Okinawa in World War II. As of 2023, the monument lists 242,046 names, including 149,634 Okinawans, 77,823 Imperial Japanese soldiers, 14,010 Americans, and smaller numbers of people from 2199:

Among the 21 male and female secondary schools that made up these student corps, 2,000 students died on the battlefield. Even with the female students acting mainly as nurses to Japanese soldiers, they were still exposed to the harsh conditions of war.

2879:. This time, Ushijima attempted to make amphibious assaults on the coasts behind American lines. To support his offensive, the Japanese artillery moved into the open. By doing so, they were able to fire 13,000 rounds in support, but effective American 3543:

sunk or had to be scuttled due to irreparable damage. Of those sunk, the majority were relatively smaller ships; these included destroyers of around 300–450 feet. A few small cargo ships were also sunk, several containing munitions which caught fire.

2258:. Periodic heavy air attacks continued through April. During the period of 26 March to 30 April, 20 American ships were sunk and 157 damaged by enemy action. By 30 April the Japanese had lost more than 1,100 planes to Allied naval forces alone. 8040:

when it did, the anticipated series of battles and the invasion of the Japanese homeland never occurred, and all military strategies on both sides which presupposed this apparently-inevitable next development were immediately rendered moot.

7818:

them. The Japanese military also confiscated food from the Okinawans and executed those who hid it, leading to mass starvation, and forced civilians out of their shelters. Japanese soldiers also killed about 1,000 people who spoke in the

8232:

2,846 killed, 530 died of wounds, 67 missing, presumed dead, and 16,017 wounded. Due to the methodology of casualty accounting practices in World War II, a significant number of those who died of wounds were double counted as wounded in

3521:, which killed three of Mitscher's staff officers and eleven of his enlisted staff members and also destroyed his flag cabin along with all of his uniforms, personal papers, and possessions. Just three days later Mitscher's new flagship 1966:. Total aircraft in the US Navy, Marine and Army Air Force exceeded 3,000 over the course of the battle, including fighters, attack aircraft, scout planes, bombers and dive-bombers. The invasion was supported by a fleet consisting of 18 7847:

who committed horrible atrocities, killed their families and themselves to avoid capture at the hands of the Americans. Some of them threw themselves and their family members from the southern cliffs where the Peace Museum now resides.

11251: 2311:, although Ushijima had disbanded the majority of the suicide boat battalions before the battle because of expected low effectiveness against a superior enemy. The boat crews were re-formed into three additional infantry battalions. 1894:

and the sheer numbers of Allied ships and armored vehicles that assaulted the island. The battle was the bloodiest and fiercest of the Pacific War, with some 50,000 Allied and around 100,000 Japanese casualties, also including local

2242:

to take the unprecedented step of relieving the principal naval commanders to rest and recuperate. Following the practice of changing the fleet designation with the change of commanders, US naval forces began the campaign as the

7888:

during the battle. This includes stories of rape after trading sexual favors or even marrying Americans, such as the alleged incident in the village of Katsuyama, where civilians said they had formed a vigilante group to

2835:

relieved the 27th Infantry Division and the 77th Infantry Division relieved the 96th. When the 6th Marine Division arrived, the III Amphibious Corps took over the right flank and Tenth Army assumed control of the battle.

2776:, the attackers retreated, only to repeat their offensive the following night. A final assault on 14 April was again repulsed. The effort led the 32nd Army's staff to conclude that the Americans were vulnerable to night 2925:

coastal plain, this feature was the eastern anchor of the main Japanese defenses and was defended by about 1,000 Japanese. Meanwhile, on the opposite coast, the 1st and 6th Marine Divisions fought for "Sugar Loaf Hill"

2090:

and the 44th Independent Mixed Brigade. The 9th Division was moved to Taiwan before the invasion, resulting in shuffling of Japanese defensive plans. Primary resistance was to be led in the south by Lieutenant General

11921: 8097:, which the Japanese government sees as an important guarantee of regional stability, and Kadena remains the largest US air base in Asia. Local residents have long protested against the size and presence of the base. 15362: 2693: 2317: 7907:

There is ongoing disagreement between Okinawa's local government and Japan's national government over the role of the Japanese military in civilian mass suicides during the battle. In March 2007, the national

2451: 2335: 3475:

that did not experience any active service after the end of World War II. One source estimated that total Japanese sorties during the entire Okinawa campaign exceeded 3,700, with a large percentage being

2485: 9053: 2213:

with the detached horror of one witnessing a terrible spectacle rather than as the intended victim. We forgot self for the moment as we groped hopelessly for the thought of that other man up there.

7793:

by the Imperial Japanese Army), with the deduction made that about 42,000 were non-uniformed civilians who had been killed in the crossfire. Okinawa Prefecture's estimate is over 100,000 losses.

11407: 10113: 7822:

to suppress spying. The museum writes that "some were blown apart by shells, some finding themselves in a hopeless situation were driven to suicide, some died of starvation, some succumbed to

3025:

of the underground naval headquarters on 13 June. By 17 June, the remnants of Ushijima's shattered 32nd Army were pushed into a small pocket in the far south of the island to the southeast of

2284:. While US intelligence estimated there were 89 planes on Formosa, the Japanese actually had about 700, dismantled or well camouflaged and dispersed into scattered villages and towns; the US 11242: 2401:

were instructed to aim for only one side to prevent effective counter flooding by the battleship's crew, and to aim for the bow or the stern where armor was believed to be the thinnest.) Of

2540:

were forced by Japanese soldiers to kill themselves after the landing of US troops. The operation provided a protected anchorage for the fleet and eliminated the threat from suicide boats.

10440: 8261:

writing that it excludes deaths from starvation and malaria. Oshiro believes 150,000 total Okinawan dead, including the 28,000 directly attached to the military, is a more accurate number.

8223:

from its total for Okinawa; they are instead recorded under "Bombardment of Kyushu Island and Japan." This largely accounts for the discrepancy with the more commonly cited total of 4,907.

1908:. After the battle, Okinawa provided the victorious Allies a fleet anchorage, troop staging areas, and airfields in proximity to Japan as they planned to invade the Japanese home islands. 2650:

commandos were airlifted in a suicide attack on Yomitan. They destroyed 70,000 US gallons (260,000 L) of fuel and nine planes before being killed by the defenders, who lost two men.

7805: 15342: 9077: 3088: 8484: 7938:

Court ruled in favor of Ōe, stating, "It can be said the military was deeply involved in the mass suicides." The court recognized the military's involvement in the mass suicides and

2613:

airbases within hours of the landing. In light of the weak opposition, General Buckner decided to proceed immediately with Phase II of his plan, the seizure of northern Okinawa. The

2397:

Under attack from more than 300 aircraft over a two-hour span, the world's largest battleship sank on 7 April 1945 after a one-sided battle, long before she could reach Okinawa. (US

2254:

Japanese air opposition had been relatively light during the first few days after the landings. However, on 6 April the expected air reaction began with an attack by 400 planes from

7942:, citing the testimony about the distribution of grenades for suicide by soldiers and the fact that mass suicides were not recorded on islands where the military was not stationed. 3021:

On 4 June, elements of the 6th Marine Division launched an amphibious assault on the peninsula. The 4,000 Japanese sailors, including Admiral Ōta, all committed suicide within the

2661:

attacks and even local women armed with spears. There was heavy fighting before the area was declared secured on 21 April and became another airbase for operations against Japan.

10609: 3069:. On 22 June Tenth Army held a flag-raising ceremony to mark the end of organized resistance on Okinawa. On 23 June a mopping-up operation commenced, which concluded on 30 June. 11715: 11195: 2726:. The 7th Infantry Division encountered similarly fierce Japanese opposition from a rocky pinnacle located about 1,000 yd (910 m) southwest of Arakachi (later dubbed " 1111: 7934:

forced on Okinawa islanders under Japan's hierarchical social structure that ran through the state of Japan, the Japanese armed forces and local garrisons." In March 2008, the

7909: 7796:

During the battle, American forces found it difficult to distinguish civilians from soldiers. It became common for them to shoot at Okinawan houses, as one infantryman wrote:

2544: 11918: 7884:

that they knew of no rapes by American personnel in Okinawa at the end of the war. There are, however, numerous credible testimony accounts which note that a large number of

2417:

and four of the eight destroyers were also sunk. The Imperial Japanese Navy lost some 3,700 sailors, including Admiral Itō, at the cost of ten US aircraft and twelve airmen.

3065:

but endure it. This is an order from your army commander." Yahara was the most senior officer to have survived the battle on the island, and he later authored a book titled

15307: 10273: 3115:

The numbers correspond to recorded deaths during the Battle of Okinawa from the time of the American landings in the Kerama Islands on 26 March 1945 to the signing of the

10503: 13807: 2129:

against the Japanese garrison of two and a half divisions. The staff calculated that superior quality and numbers of weapons gave each US division five or six times the

13552: 15387: 13153: 10995: 3032:

On 18 June, General Buckner was killed by Japanese artillery fire while monitoring the progress of his troops from a forward observation post. Buckner was replaced by

10092: 2957:). The capture of these two key positions exposed the Japanese around Shuri on both sides. Buckner hoped to envelop Shuri and trap the main Japanese defending force. 15327: 15158: 13169: 11371: 9528: 8069: 3480:

attacks, and that the attackers damaged slightly more than 200 Allied vessels, with 4,900 naval officers and seamen killed and roughly 4,824 wounded or missing. USS

8533: 8010: 13496: 9218: 15297: 13092: 13064: 12208: 9581: 9434: 8817: 8036:

Because the next major event following the Battle of Okinawa was the total surrender of Japan, the effect of this battle is more difficult to consider. Because

15287: 15137: 13816: 13503: 12630: 7268: 1667: 10114:

https://www.history.navy.mil/research/library/online-reading-room/title-list-alphabetically/n/naval-armed-guard-service-in-world-war-ii/action-at-okinawa.html

14119: 13482: 12784: 12409: 10416: 15392: 15292: 13125: 13071: 12257: 7243: 1899:

conscripted into the Japanese Army. According to local authorities, at least 149,425 Okinawan people were killed, died by coerced suicide or went missing.

10903: 9049: 3039:. Upon assuming command, Geiger became the only US Marine to command a numbered army of the US Army in combat; he was relieved five days later by General 3011: 15332: 13589: 13078: 12694: 9559: 8609: 1582: 10816: 3047:, the commander of the 96th Infantry Division, was killed by Japanese machine-gun fire, also while checking on the progress of his troops at the front. 12104: 11398: 2871:

A Japanese prisoner of war sits behind barbed wire after he and 306 others were captured within the last 24 hours of the battle by 6th Marine Division.

2796:. Battleships, cruisers, and destroyers joined the bombardment, which was followed by 650 Navy and Marine planes attacking the Japanese positions with 2780:

but that their superior firepower made any offensive Japanese troop concentrations extremely dangerous, and they reverted to their defensive strategy.

2618: 1095: 13475: 12915: 12791: 11903: 1254: 105: 10796: 10464: 15302: 12768: 12148: 9106: 7860: 3468:

were the only two aircraft carriers that sustained very severe damage from Japanese attacks and as a result were the only aircraft carriers in the

10551: 7859:

states that the Americans "did not pursue a policy of torture, rape, and murder of civilians as Japanese military officials had warned". American

13205: 12517: 10437: 8868: 1876:(joint Army-Marine command) and was supported by combined naval and amphibious forces. Opposing the Allied forces on the ground was the Japanese 2819:

Kakazu Ridge failed to link up with its infantry support attempting to cross the ridge and therefore failed with the loss of 22 tanks. Although

2657:, a small island off the western end of the peninsula, on 16 April. In addition to conventional hazards, the 77th Infantry Division encountered 15367: 13024: 12326: 8072:

the broader question of "why Japan surrendered", attributing the surrender to a number of possible reasons including: the atomic bombings, the

2734: 1638: 15030: 11444: 9074: 8912: 2972:

From 24 to 27 May the 6th Marine Division cautiously occupied the ruins of Naha, the largest city on the island, finding it largely deserted.

2886:

Buckner launched another American attack on 11 May. Ten days of fierce fighting followed. On 13 May, troops of the 96th Infantry Division and

1902:

In the naval operations surrounding the battle, both sides lost considerable numbers of ships and aircraft, including the Japanese battleship

1427: 13823: 13786: 13763: 13277: 12199: 12169: 11314: 11277: 11232: 9791: 8712: 1178: 13538: 11876: 11087: 8976: 7736:

The US military estimates that 110,071 Japanese soldiers were killed during the battle. This total includes conscripted Okinawan civilians.

13916: 13772: 13756: 13728: 12969: 12176: 8001:, Okinawa was the "site of the largest land-sea-air battle in history" and that the battle was the "last major one before the start of the 7885: 8998: 14673: 13740: 13652: 13596: 13559: 12834: 11792: 9796: 1650: 10351: 10312: 10176: 1128: 13645: 12370: 11670: 11308: 11204: 10605: 10243: 3157:

on the surrounding islands (such as Ie Shima), 6,316 killed and over 30,000 wounded occurred on Okinawa proper. Other authors such as

1499: 1349: 11271: 10749: 9676: 9636: 8706: 15151: 13779: 12162: 12120: 8181: 8045: 3105: 3050:

The last remnants of Japanese resistance ended on 21 June, although some Japanese continued hiding, including the future governor of

1643: 9958: 9495:"'The World is beginning to know Okinawa': Ota Masahide reflects on his life from the Battle of Okinawa to the Struggle for Okinawa" 8327: 15357: 15000: 12812: 12586: 12349: 12215: 12026: 10659: 7833:, urged on by the Japanese soldiers who told locals that victorious American soldiers would go on a rampage of killing and raping. 3241: 3220:

American personnel casualties included thousands of cases of mental breakdown. According to the account of the battle presented in

2710: 1857: 1538: 1463: 1390: 8843: 2071:, but for the first time they became a major part of the defense. Between the American landing on 1 April and 25 May, seven major 15352: 13895: 13692: 13344: 12722: 12222: 12134: 12070: 10707: 10208: 8251:

Excludes 3,339 laborers and 15 civilian combatants. By the end of November, this total increased to 16,346 across all categories.

8111: 7902: 7840: 3487:

The Japanese air attacks were so intense that Fifth Fleet commander Admiral Spruance's flagships were struck two separate times (

3449: 3136: 3100:

The Battle of Okinawa was the bloodiest battle of the Pacific War. The most complete tally of deaths during the battle is at the

2376: 602: 10772: 10726: 10683: 10635: 10583: 9408: 9363: 3648:

Air attack, two near misses from bombs, at the same time of near misses immediately hit by two 5-inch AA shells from U.S. ships

15312: 14098: 13610: 12453: 11991: 10495: 10265: 9756: 2784: 2682: 2087: 2083: 1853: 596: 591: 586: 506: 496: 9498: 8450: 8437: 14694: 14599: 14126: 13872: 13747: 12826: 12800: 12657: 12363: 12280: 11862: 11775: 9033: 2804:, where the defenders waited out the artillery barrage and aerial attack in relative safety, emerging from the caves to rain 2793: 2714: 2079: 2040:

troops at Oroku Naval Base (only a few hundred of whom had been trained and equipped for ground combat), supported by 39,000

1849: 1397: 1310: 1276: 1247: 491: 10390: 8013:, a form of military government, after the battle. In 2011, one official of the prefectural government told David Hearst of 3014:

was raised over Shuri Castle, before being removed and replaced by a US flag three days later on orders of General Buckner.

2640:) were cornered on the Motobu Peninsula. The terrain was mountainous and wooded, with the Japanese defenses concentrated on 2304: 15322: 14927: 14334: 14220: 13385: 12845: 12841: 12819: 12423: 11063: 10992: 10084: 9801: 9302: 2887: 2629: 2598:

off the Minatoga beaches on the southeastern coast to deceive the Japanese about American intentions and delay movement of

2394:

force was spotted by submarines shortly after it left the Japanese home waters and was intercepted by US carrier aircraft.

1553: 1511: 1344: 464: 11172: 9520: 7989:

The battle for Okinawa can be described only in the grim superlatives of war. In size, scope and ferocity, it dwarfed the

1937:, combat support and HQ troops, with another 9,000 service troops), over 88,000 Marines and 18,000 Navy personnel (mostly 14842: 14306: 13638: 13624: 12830: 8126: 2981: 2832: 2614: 2528:

The land battle took place over about 81 days beginning on 1 April 1945. The first Americans ashore were soldiers of the

1869: 1655: 1320: 1188: 479: 474: 469: 42: 11957: 15372: 15051: 14920: 14798: 14376: 14091: 14042: 13800: 13355: 12600: 12439: 12287: 12141: 11753: 11700: 11598: 11556: 11353: 11048: 11014: 10974: 10934: 10851: 10384: 10345: 10306: 9805: 9707: 9282: 9210: 8795: 8408: 3208:

Aircraft losses over the three-month period were 768 US planes, including those bombing the Kyushu airfields launching

2929: 2740: 1946: 1315: 904: 642: 10125: 9589: 9438: 2433:

on April 23. On May 1, the British Pacific Fleet returned to action, subduing the airfields as before, this time with

2303:

and landing ships. While no major Allied warships were lost, several fleet carriers were severely damaged. Land-based

15382: 15167: 14049: 14021: 13838: 13420: 13132: 13099: 11800: 10036: 10010: 9733:"Ernie Pyle, trail-blazing war correspondent – Brought home the tragedy of D-Day and the rest of WWII" 9620: 8821: 2893: 1171: 12315: 9248: 7763: 3532:

forcing him to have to change his flagship yet again. Both fleet carriers were knocked out for the rest of the war.

3161:

have come up with higher numbers. The battle caused more than twice the number of American casualties than both the

2029:

The Japanese land campaign (mainly defensive) was conducted by the 67,000-strong (77,000 according to some sources)

15377: 15204: 14362: 14299: 13434: 13263: 12386: 11947: 11934: 8946: 8146: 1240: 12940: 8545: 2547:

landed without opposition on Keise Shima, four islets just 8 mi (13 km) west of the Okinawan capital of

15337: 14728: 14569: 14558: 14394: 14153: 14112: 14005: 13943: 13323: 12593: 12462: 12430: 11138: 9640: 8219:

807 killed, 487 wounded. Richard B. Frank points out that the Navy's Medical History excludes losses suffered on

7890: 3559:

Allied Naval vessels sunk or damaged by Japanese forces at Okinawa, primarily kamikazes, 19 March – 30 July 1945

2727: 1565: 13110: 12678: 10412: 8242:

65,908 from outside Okinawa, 28,228 from Okinawa. Okinawa number includes civilians drafted into military units.

15114: 15086: 14964: 14757: 13994: 13445: 13371: 13160: 12531: 12250: 12155: 12040: 11945:

Oral history interview with Albert D'Amico, a Navy Veteran who was aboard LST 278 during the landing at Okinawa

11733: 11680: 11659: 11640: 11621: 11575: 11532: 11506: 11476: 11379: 11322: 11285: 10895: 10878: 10534: 9735: 9551: 9180: 8720: 7780: 7474: 5011: 2960:

By the end of May, monsoon rains which had turned contested hills and roads into a morass exacerbated both the

2412: 1917: 1873: 1492: 1482: 1067: 8606: 7851:

Okinawans "were often surprised at the comparatively humane treatment they received from the American enemy".

2636:

at the northernmost tip of the island. By this point, the bulk of the Japanese forces in the north (codenamed

15174: 15107: 15058: 14989: 14814: 14320: 14271: 14035: 14028: 13631: 13392: 13176: 12229: 10449: 8509: 3033: 1923: 1682: 1407: 11840: 15248: 15144: 14519: 14480: 13399: 13227: 13212: 13139: 13118: 12936: 12614: 12400: 12393: 12377: 12088: 12047: 12019: 11850: 10667: 9364:"The Most Haunting Interview You'll Ever Read: When Japanese Islanders Were Ordered to Commit Mass Suicide" 8510:

Army Battle Casualties and Nonbattle Deaths in World War II. Final Report, 7 December 1941-31 December 1946

8073: 7913: 3469: 3181:

was also killed by Japanese machine-gun fire on Ie Shima, a small island just off of northwestern Okinawa.

2209:

There was a hypnotic fascination to the sight so alien to our Western philosophy. We watched each plunging

2167: 1953: 1722: 1432: 1337: 1288: 1164: 11900: 11066: 8594: 8348:

26 March marked the first landing on the Kerama Islands around Okinawa in the Ryukus by the 77th Division.

7969: 2969:

sliding down the greasy slopes could easily find their pockets full of maggots at the end of the journey.

15347: 15211: 14535: 14487: 14105: 14077: 13930: 13545: 13524: 13038: 12701: 12607: 12097: 10793: 10472: 7810: 5061: 2430: 1587: 11932:

Oral history interview with Mike Busha, a member of the 6th Marine Division during the Battle of Okinawa

5786: 3119:

on 2 September 1945, in addition to all Okinawan casualties in the Pacific War in the 15 years from the

15277: 15009: 14505: 14424: 14369: 14257: 14213: 13863: 13489: 13413: 13308: 13185: 13057: 13050: 13010: 12983: 12715: 12648: 12243: 12054: 11984: 10465:"Pressure to prove loyalty paved way for mass suicides in Battle of Okinawa – AJW by The Asahi Shimbun" 8521: 8094: 3189: 2988:

and reported that the castle appeared undefended. At 10:15 Company A, 1/5 Marines occupied the castle.

2848: 2579: 2567: 2324: 2281: 2033: 1903: 1877: 1798: 1677: 1506: 1477: 1361: 1063: 576: 486: 11886: 7965:

Memorial with names of all military and civilians from all countries who died in the Battle of Okinawa

7179:

Air attack, first kamikaze Frances hit topside, second Francis with bombs crashed into superstructure

14911: 14828: 14613: 14473: 14445: 14278: 14183: 13973: 13406: 12473: 12127: 4055: 3409: 3093: 2977: 2248: 2244: 1949: 1577: 526: 265: 12671: 9133: 15397: 14650: 14627: 13879: 13680: 13673: 13330: 12990: 12962: 12955: 12342: 11891: 11427: 11024:. YouTube. Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs, 16 January 2013. Web. 6 July 2014. 8895: 3901: 3488: 2595: 2529: 2173: 1880:. The Battle of Okinawa was the single longest sustained carrier campaign of the Second World War. 1845: 1818: 1742: 1523: 1383: 501: 454: 20: 12687: 12664: 9825:

United States Navy, with casualties taken from individual action reports Morison, Samuel, Eliot,

9114: 15317: 15072: 15016: 14886: 14746: 14431: 14084: 13980: 13886: 13454: 13315: 13285: 13249: 13234: 13106: 12998: 12976: 12922: 12908: 12890: 12554: 12335: 12063: 12012: 11871: 11091: 10559: 8972: 8358: 7369: 6452: 5340: 4940: 3792: 3502: 3442: 3317: 2992: 2812: 2677: 2513: 2342: 2228: 2133:

of a Japanese division. To this, would be added the Americans' abundant naval and air firepower.

2006: 1960: 1822: 1708: 1528: 874: 539: 219: 8747: 7921:

would not have occurred without the involvement of the Japanese military and any deletion of or

3248:

brought about a new aspect of terror and torment to the psychological capacity of the Americans.

3140:

Two wounded American soldiers make their way to a medical aid station on Okinawa, 20 April 1945.

2787:, which had landed on 9 April, took over on the right, along the west coast of Okinawa. General 15282: 14764: 14657: 14459: 14410: 14313: 14206: 14176: 13959: 13847: 13573: 13364: 12948: 12929: 12899: 12446: 12416: 9460: 9002: 8116: 7974: 7922: 7672: 7344: 6884: 6556: 6192: 6065: 5965: 5838: 5734: 4106: 3979: 3495: 3232: 3201: 3044: 2605:

Tenth Army swept across the south-central part of the island with relative ease, capturing the

2150: 2037: 2014: 1991: 1826: 1802: 1572: 1283: 867: 810: 777: 11804: 9328:

Christopher Chant, "The Encyclopedia of Codenames of World War II (Routledge Revivals)", p. 87

9172: 2839: 15255: 14978: 14821: 14717: 14687: 14643: 14383: 14348: 14341: 14264: 14162: 13603: 13580: 13427: 13031: 12568: 12308: 12294: 11977: 11881: 11830: 11496: 10335: 10296: 10235: 10172: 8597:

date 26 September 2024 title=the forgotten fleet|website= warfarehistorynetwork.com|date=2017

7395: 7293: 7095: 6757: 6682: 6631: 6269: 6217: 6167: 5812: 5189: 5089: 4384:

Air attack, three kamikaze hits, two between stacks, blew forward engine room, broke in half

4231: 4131: 3742: 3713: 3637: 3522: 3421: 3266: 2801: 2686: 2426: 2010: 1727: 1487: 1330: 790: 551: 12866: 11328: 11203: 9164: 8566: 7835: 3184: 2831:

At the end of April, after Army forces had pushed through the Machinato defensive line, the

1883:

The battle has been referred to as the "typhoon of steel" in English, known in Japanese as "

15079: 14934: 14585: 14542: 14512: 14438: 14248: 14227: 13146: 12623: 12301: 11363: 11291: 10769: 10746: 10723: 10680: 10631: 10580: 9666: 9644: 9075:

At 60th anniversary, Battle of Okinawa survivors recall 'Typhoon of Steel' – News – Stripes

8726: 8451:

https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1954/may/kamikazes-and-okinawa-campaign%7Caccess

8438:

https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1954/may/kamikazes-and-okinawa-campaign%7Caccess

8136: 7962: 7768: 7168: 6401: 6141: 5940: 5686: 5613: 5562: 5486: 5215: 5139: 5036: 4963: 4832: 4704: 4552: 4526: 4424: 4399: 4256: 4156: 4142:

Air attack, kamikaze aimed at bridge glanced mainmast, hit cargo boom, gun tubs, over side

4080: 3876: 3612: 3435: 3336: 3222: 3192:(right), taken on 18 June 1945. Later in the day, he was killed by Japanese artillery fire. 3162: 3101: 3080:

island. The official surrender ceremony was held on 7 September, near the Kadena Airfield.

2880: 2777: 2583: 2473: 2112: 2068: 1838: 1770: 1672: 1660: 1548: 1354: 332: 9875: 8: 15197: 14971: 14849: 14805: 14327: 13461: 13220: 12747: 12577: 12561: 12510: 11820: 11488:

Seven Stars: The Okinawa Battle Diaries of Simon Bolivar Buckner, Jr. and Joseph Stilwell

8323: 8053: 7957: 7523: 7044: 6858: 6090: 6039: 5760: 5638: 5587: 5536: 4807: 4679: 4654: 4603: 4501: 4475: 3822: 3767: 3120: 2856: 2844: 2591: 2491: 2465: 2461: 2382:. This small task force had been ordered to fight through enemy naval forces, then beach 2126: 2018: 1963: 1865: 1861: 1543: 1417: 830: 308: 10656: 9946: 9752: 8546:

Springer, "Inferno: The Epic Life and Death Struggle of the USS Franklin in World War II

64:

1st Marine Regiment during fighting at Wana Ridge during the Battle of Okinawa, May 1945

15190: 15023: 14948: 14902: 14872: 14780: 14620: 14285: 14169: 14063: 14014: 13952: 13708: 13659: 13468: 13085: 12740: 12538: 11465: 9829:, (Copyright 1960), Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland, Appendix II pp. 390–392 9585: 9137: 8847: 8424: 8141: 8049: 8037: 7786: 7573: 7420: 6961: 6910: 6783: 6731: 6656: 6581: 6508: 6478: 6323: 5914: 4347: 3687: 3403: 3305: 3170: 3166: 3116: 3051: 2537: 1956: 1834: 1806: 1794: 1701: 1694: 1633: 1623: 1597: 1449: 1371: 1202: 664: 320: 91: 11771: 10704: 10212: 4410:

Air attack, four kamikaze hits, bombs blew forward, & aft fire rooms at waterline

1156: 15181: 14955: 14895: 14856: 14789: 14771: 14737: 14680: 14634: 14578: 14403: 14141: 14133: 14070: 13923: 13517: 13042: 12503: 12482: 12192: 11749: 11729: 11696: 11676: 11655: 11636: 11617: 11610: 11594: 11587: 11571: 11552: 11528: 11502: 11472: 11436: 11385: 11375: 11349: 11318: 11281: 11044: 11034: 10970: 10962: 10930: 10874: 10530: 10380: 10341: 10302: 9703: 9616: 9412: 9278: 9176: 9165: 9029: 8904: 8791: 8716: 8404: 8106: 8024: 7990: 7982: 7930: 7819: 7739: 7009: 6243: 6013: 5864: 5164: 5114: 4373: 3926: 3662: 3390: 3378: 3342: 3287: 2922: 2876: 2860: 2816: 2518: 2434: 2387: 2371:) was the attempted attack by a strike force of ten Japanese surface vessels, led by 2239: 2232: 2193: 2184: 2162: 2108: 1933:

In all, the US Army had over 103,000 soldiers (of these, 38,000+ were non-divisional

1821:. The 82-day battle lasted from 1 April until 22 June 1945. After a long campaign of 1762: 1734: 1687: 1592: 1437: 1422: 1366: 1212: 296: 8567:

Frank and Shaw, "History of U.S. Marine Corps Operations in World War II, Appendix M

8201:

including 4,549 killed or died of wounds, 18,010 wounded or injured, and 95 missing.

7985:

stated about scale and ferocity of the battle, especially for American forces, that:

7534:

Air attack, splashed kamikaze and bomb blew in hull plating, with structural damage

2828:

off the Minatoga beaches by the 2nd Marine Division that coincided with the attack.

2697:

Soldiers of the 96th Infantry Division attack Japanese positions on Big Apple Ridge.

15100: 15093: 15037: 14701: 14466: 14452: 14355: 14292: 14243: 14056: 13909: 13856: 13666: 13617: 13531: 12754: 12731: 12264: 11854: 11844: 11834: 11824: 11542: 11113: 10126:

https://www.newspapers.com/article/clarion-ledger-blow-by-blow-account-of/22619240/

9494: 8176: 8131: 7945:

In 2012, Korean-Japanese director Pak Su-nam announced her work on the documentary

7935: 7697: 7218: 7193: 7120: 5265: 4782: 4756: 4030: 3587: 3384: 3366: 3323: 3311: 3293: 3270: 3173:

to suffer more casualties than any previous engagement in the Atlantic or Pacific.

2961: 2646: 2622: 2599: 2364: 2300: 2219: 2104: 2092: 2005:

The British naval contingent accompanied 251 British naval aircraft and included a

1983: 1979: 1628: 1456: 1442: 1412: 1325: 1305: 1219: 727: 425: 406: 383: 367: 348: 344: 269: 12273: 11859: 8999:"The American invasion of Okinawa was the largest amphibious invasion of all time" 8973:"The United States Navy assembled an unprecedented armada in March and April 1945" 8616:, Technical Memorandum ORO-T-117, Department of the Army, Washington D.C.,Table 1. 7657:

Air attack, while offloading on Nagagusuku Wan, kamikaze hit bow doors, tank deck

2188:

soldiers; sometimes they counterfeited the necessary documents. About half of the

1959:

until the amphibious phase was completed, after which he would report directly to

1887:". The nicknames refer to the ferocity of the fighting, the intensity of Japanese 15123: 14835: 14750: 14708: 14606: 14549: 14417: 14199: 14190: 13719: 13294: 13270: 12524: 11925: 11907: 11866: 11612:

Stay Off The Skyline: The Sixth Marine Division on Okinawa – An Oral History

11546: 11070: 11018: 10999: 10800: 10753: 10711: 10663: 10444: 10374: 9739: 9081: 8613: 8121: 8006: 7871: 4206: 3372: 3260: 3040: 2805: 2606: 2563: 2285: 2049: 2045: 1896: 1830: 1558: 1533: 1402: 1029: 922: 862: 759: 692: 571: 387: 244: 239: 99: 15235: 11038: 8474:"The Second World Wars: How the First Global Conflict Was Fought and Won" p. 302 3055: 2238:

The protracted length of the campaign under stressful conditions forced Admiral

2118:

In the north, Colonel Takehido Udo was in command. The naval troops were led by

15130: 14666: 14592: 12637: 12496: 11164: 11114:"Activists in Tokyo call for 'liberation of Ryukyu' on the Okinawa anniversary" 9838: 9298: 8044:

Some military historians believe that the Okinawa campaign led directly to the

7939: 7864: 7448: 7432: 7028: 6833: 6427: 6375: 6349: 6116: 5390: 4628: 4577: 3851: 3494:

was hit in March and had to retire for repairs which forced him to transfer to

3415: 3299: 3022: 2719: 2533: 2469: 2398: 2308: 2096: 1999: 1995: 1888: 1814: 1790: 1616: 1470: 1378: 1300: 1079:

743–1,712 artillery pieces, anti-tank guns, mortars and anti-aircraft guns lost

825: 805: 785: 753: 735: 685: 634: 546: 194: 95: 87: 11944: 11931: 11389: 10817:

New high school texts say Japanese Imperial Army ordered WWII Okinawa suicides

6693:

Coastal Battery, four hits, one ignited magazine, blew off bow back to bridge

2441:

attacks caused significant damage, but as the Royal Navy carriers had armored

2379: 421: 15271: 14941: 12859: 12708: 12547: 11951: 11938: 11912: 10776: 10730: 10687: 10681:

Texts reinstate army's role in mass suicides: Okinawa prevails in history row

10587: 8889: 8818:"Okinawa: The Final Great Battle of World War II | Marine Corps Gazette" 8700: 8156: 7998: 7772: 7304:

Air attack, kamikaze bomb hit starboard causing hole, exploding depth charge

3510: 3506: 3360: 3281: 3004: 2944: 2931: 2908: 2895: 2788: 2755: 2742: 2669: 2552: 2409: 1987: 1942: 997: 938: 880: 837: 817: 765: 747: 713: 706: 678: 671: 182: 166: 120: 107: 11772:"The Amphibians Came to Conquer: The Story of Admiral Richmond Kelly Turner" 11011: 10855: 2122: 402: 15240: 15044: 13337: 13242: 12873: 12236: 12000: 8536:

Appendix Table 14, see "Bombing and Landing on Okinawa." Retrieved 2/1/2024

8015: 7830: 7548: 6742:

Air attack, splashed kamikaze skidded in, bombs opened hull, with flooding

4181: 3457: 3354: 3348: 3245: 3077: 3073: 2985: 2852: 2851:

braves sniper fire to place the United States' colors over the parapets of

2773: 2723: 2673:

US Marines pass a dead Japanese soldier in a destroyed village, April 1945.

2555:

artillery pieces went ashore on the islets to cover operations on Okinawa.

2296: 2119: 2041: 2030: 1872:, to fight on the island. The Tenth Army was unique in that it had its own 1810: 1607: 1602: 1516: 50: 11693:

The Ultimate Battle: Okinawa 1945 – The Last Epic Struggle of World War II

10527:

Japan's Comfort Women: Sexual Slavery and Prostitution During World War II

10438:

Defiant soldier saved lives of hundreds of civilians during Okinawa battle

10032: 10006: 9435:"The Final Campaign: Marines in the Victory on Okinawa (Assault on Shuri)" 7785:

Some of the other islands that saw major battles in World War II, such as

3204:, taken on 19 June 1945. He was later killed by Japanese machine-gun fire. 2141: 2100: 363: 15363:

Naval battles and operations of World War II involving the United Kingdom

14879: 14865: 14527: 13196: 13017: 13002: 12356: 11954:

from the Veterans History Project at Central Connecticut State University

11941:

from the Veterans History Project at Central Connecticut State University

11710: 11486:

Buckner, Simon; Stilwell, Joseph (2004). Nicholas Evan Sarantakes (ed.).

11021: 10691: 9671: 9240: 8171: 8166: 8161: 8151: 7875:

Overcoming the civilian resistance on Okinawa was aided by US propaganda

7856: 7790: 7355:

Air attack, kamikaze hit quad 40mm AA gun mount and number 1 smoke stack

7070: 6819:

Air attack, crashed aft torpedo mount, bomb blew large hole, flooded aft

6808: 5889: 5573:

Air attack, kamikaze Val hit abaft stack No. 1, explosion, broke in half

5461: 5365: 5290: 5073: 4946: 4857: 4730: 4005: 3698:

Air attack, kamikaze hit and knocked out 14-inch guns in turret number 3

3452:

on damaged or sunken American aircraft carriers during World War II. USS

3158: 3144: 3109: 2965: 2445:, they experienced only a brief interruption to their force's operations. 2442: 1786: 1293: 1264: 46: 11228: 10606:"Japan: Okinawa against Tokyo's attempts to rewrite history – Asia News" 10376:

Islands of Discontent: Okinawan Responses to Japanese and American Power

7853:

Islands of Discontent: Okinawan Responses to Japanese and American Power

7508:

Air attack kamikaze hit conning tower base, bomb fragments caused fires

2800:, rockets, bombs, and machine guns. The Japanese defenses were sited on 2295:

The ships lost were smaller vessels, particularly the destroyers of the

14234: 13987: 13966: 12852: 12185: 12113: 11467:

Operation Iceberg: The Invasion and Conquest of Okinawa in World War II

11440: 8908: 8595:

https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/the-forgotten-fleet/%7Caccess

8002: 7743:

A group of Japanese prisoners taken on the island of Okuku in June 1945

7683:

Air attack, bi-plane kamikaze hit, its bomb blew aft engine room, sunk

7319: 6606: 6592:

Air attack, kamikaze hit, bomb exploded amidships just above main deck

5511: 4908: 4882: 3954: 3912:

Air attack, kamikaze with bomb through fuel tanks and propeller shafts

3725: 3178: 3149: 3036: 2820: 2808:

rounds and grenades upon the Americans advancing up the forward slope.

2701: 2457: 2154: 1967: 740: 699: 285: 11346:

The British Pacific Fleet: The Royal Navy's Most Powerful Strike Force

7055:

Air attack, two kamikazes, first hit bridge, and second hit amidships

4793:

Air attack, kamikaze struck superstructure, flames ignited ammunition

3152:

tanks knocked out by Japanese artillery at Bloody Ridge, 20 April 1945

14497: 13902: 13699: 13510: 13301: 13256: 9275:

The Rising Sun: The Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire 1936–1945

7844: 6936: 6438:

Air attack, kamikaze hit starboard gun mount, bomb through main deck

5240: 4449: 3804: 3196: 3000: 2867: 2641: 2633: 2571: 2130: 1975: 1934: 1716: 886: 797: 771: 720: 206: 12777: 11896:, 1944–45, including Operation Iceberg, the attack on the Sakashimas 11270:

Appleman, Roy; Burns, James; Gugeler, Russel; Stevens, John (1948).

10173:"The Basic Concept of the Okinawa Prefectural Peace Memorial Museum" 9732: 8705:

Appleman, Roy; Burns, James; Gugeler, Russel; Stevens, John (1948).

7751:

The Japanese lost 16 combat vessels, including the super battleship

7106:

Air attack, two kamikazes hits, one made ten foot hole in main deck

6921:

Air attack, kamikaze badly crashed starboard side, fires, abandoned

2709:

While the 6th Marine Division cleared northern Okinawa, the US Army

2192:

were killed, including in suicide bomb attacks against tanks and in

12761: 12489: 10298:

The American Occupation of Japan and Okinawa: Literature and Memory

9850: 8425:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/Okinawa_naval_order_of_battle#/%7Caccess

7876: 7485:

Air attack, splashed kamikaze Val's bomb exploded close underwater

7406:

Air attack, first kamikaze glanced, second hit port near main deck

6947:

Air attack, two kamikaze hits, fires, abandoned, towed, later sank

6294: 5315: 2499: 2350: 2063: 1941:

and medical personnel). At the start of the Battle of Okinawa, the

1007: 11740:– Firsthand account of the battle by a surviving Japanese officer. 6642:

Air attack, two kamikazes, struck port, & under starboard bow

3428: 3112:(381), the United Kingdom (82), North Korea (82) and Taiwan (34). 2984:(1/5 Marines) occupied high ground 700 yards (640 m) east of 2883:

destroyed dozens of Japanese artillery pieces. The attack failed.

1817:

surrounding Okinawa were preemptively captured on 26 March by the

1805:. The initial invasion of Okinawa on 1 April 1945 was the largest 9366:(Interview). Interviewed by Michael Bradley. History News Network 8888:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

8788:

Hell to Pay Operation Downfall and the Invasion of Japan, 1945–47

8699:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

7823: 3834: 3060: 2610: 2587: 2057: 2052: 1971: 1938: 11002:

History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 6 July 2014.

10896:"Second battle of Okinawa looms as China's naval ambition grows" 8453:

date 27September 2024 |website=United States Naval Institute.org

8440:

date 27September 2024 |website=United States Naval Institute.org

7584:

Air attack, kamikaze and bomb ripped two holes in hull and blew

6667:

Two kamikaze strikes, one to forward gun mounts, one to fantail

6254:

Air attack, first kamikaze bomb hit, second kamikaze struck aft

13378: 11969: 7826:, while others fell victim to the retreating Japanese troops." 6463:

Air attack, three kamikaze hits with bombs through flight deck

3484:

was damaged as the result of a collision with another US ship.

3236: 3026: 2964:

and medical situations. The ground advance began to resemble a

2797: 2654: 2277: 2269: 2255: 232: 7910:

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology

7893:

who they claimed would frequently rape the local girls there.

7879:, one of which is being read by a prisoner awaiting transport. 7829:

With the impending Japanese defeat, civilians often committed

5875:

Air attack, kamikaze hit stern, lit ammo, sunk in ten minutes

3434:

started before the amphibious landings on Okinawa on 1 April,

2503:

attack on May 4. The ship was out of action for fifty minutes.

1232: 13566: 5100:

Air attack, two kamikazes hit at the waterline near her hull

3938: 2825: 1945:

had 182,821 personnel under its command. It was planned that

11501:. United States of America: First Harvard University Press. 11498:

The Confederate Battle Flag: America's Most Embattled Emblem

11165:"Press rewind: Trump, Tokyo and a welcome back to the 1980s" 11040:

Racing the Enemy: Stalin, Truman, and the Surrender of Japan

10373:

Sheehan, Susan D; Hein, Laura; Selden, Mark (9 April 2003).

9899: 9897: 9521:"Battle of Okinawa: The Bloodiest Battle of the Pacific War" 7758: 6768:

Air attack, kamikaze Oscar struck aft of bridge, large hole

6280:

Air attack, first kamikaze hit bridge, then three more hits

4767:

Air attack, kamikaze struck port, flames ignited ammunition

4460:

Air attack, kamikaze Hampton hit torpedo tubes twixt stacks

3003:

and artillery bombardment which would have resulted in many

2265:

aircraft in large-scale attacks from Kyushu, 185 individual

11716:

Twilight of the Gods: War in the Western Pacific, 1944–1945

11269: 8704: 8534:

History of the Medical Department in World War II, vol. III

6490: 6306: 4267:

Air attack, bomb passed through her bottom, exploded below

2548: 15343:

World War II operations and battles of the Pacific theatre

11139:"Okinawa marks 79 years since end of fierce ground battle" 10337:

Southern Exposure: Modern Japanese Literature from Okinawa

8210:

3,803 killed, 219 died of wounds, 5,985 surviving wounded.

8093:

Significant US forces remain garrisoned on Okinawa as the

4741:

Air attack, kamikaze hit close above waterline, bomb blew

4435:

Air attack, kamikaze struck superstructure, fires put out

4117:

Air attack, kamikaze Nick crashed bridge, towed, scuttled

3244:, but the Japanese tactic of using the Okinawan people as 2075:

attacks were attempted, involving more than 1,500 planes.

2061:

and 15,000 non-uniformed laborers). The Japanese had used

59: 11568:

Killing Ground on Okinawa: The Battle for Sugar Loaf Hill

11372:

History of United States Naval Operations in World War II

10266:"Editorial – Cornerstone of Peace: A Legacy of Bloodshed" 9894: 9792:"H-048-1: Kamikaze Attacks on U.S. Flagships off Okinawa" 6178:

Air attack, kamikaze & bomb blew through flight deck

5951:

Air attack, kamikaze went through hull, blew engine room

5900:

Air attack, kamikaze hit aft of superstructure, lit ammo

3096:

pay homage to their comrade killed in the Ryukyu Islands.

10413:"Military Intelligence Service Research Center: Okinawa" 8869:

Kyle Ikeda, "Unspoken Memory and Vicarious Trauma" p. 12

8011:

United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands

6895:

Air attack, kamikaze crashed port gun tub causing fires

5351:

Air attack, kamikaze with bomb crashed into pilot house

4091:

Air attack, kamikaze destroyed search plane on catapult

3169:

combined, with the Japanese kamikaze effort causing the

2590:

beaches on the western coast of Okinawa on 1 April. The

11872:

New Zealand account with reference to Operation Iceberg

11841:"Argentine Admitted To World Parley, 1945/05/03 (1945)" 10893: 9876:

https://www.usswestvirginia.org/stories/story.php?id=57

9299:"Japanese Air Sorties and Bomb Tonnage Against Okinawa" 9028:(1st ed.). New York: Hachette Books. p. 343. 7708:

Air attack, kamikaze hit forward, earlier hit 12 April

7634:

Air attack, kamikaze strike at Kimmu Wan, hull damage

1186: 12631:

Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany

11851:"Final Days of Struggle in Okinawa, 1945/07/05 (1945)" 8577: 8575: 7081:

Air attack, kamikaze crashed starboard side waterline

6995:

Air attack, kamikaze caused fires, beached, abandoned

5771:

Air attack, bad kamikaze hit flooded her, 3 mins sunk

5175:

Air attack, kamikaze hit port side anti-torpedo bulge

2178: 11244:

The Final Campaign: Marines in the Victory on Okinawa

10943: 9026:

Bloody Okinawa: The Last Great Battle of World War II

8748:

Hirofumi Hayashi, "Okinawa-sen to minshu" (Japanese).

6617:

Air attack, kamikaze zero hit fantail, bomb exploded

6228:

Air attack, kamikaze above port waterline, bomb blew

5598:

Air attack, kamikaze to bridge, bomb hit pilot house

2261:

Between 6 April and 22 June, the Japanese flew 1,465

11928:

Combined Arms Research Library, Fort Leavenworth, KS

11196:"In Okinawa, Talk of Break From Japan Turns Serious" 10871:

Military Government in the Ryukyu Islands, 1945–1950

10794:

Director humanizes tragedy of Okinawan mass suicides

10657:

Japan to amend textbook accounts of Okinawa suicides

10549: 9403: 9401: 7781:

Minoru Ōta § Telegraph to the Navy Vice Admiral

6519:

Air attack, struck by four kamikazes, fires put out

5925:

Air attack, kamikaze through three decks to surgery

3598:

Air attack, bomb through flight, & hangar decks

15308:

Battles of World War II involving the United States

11821:"footage from the National Archives.By Sgt. Rhodes" 11313:. World War II Campaign Brochures. Washington, DC: 10379:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 18. 9781:, (2020) Norton and Co., New York, New York, p. 593 9411:. Wonder-okinawa.jp. 15 August 1945. Archived from 8572: 4974:Air attack, port kamikaze amidships near waterline 4486:Air attack, kamikaze blew at fantail, bad flooding 2329:

explodes after persistent attacks from US aircraft.

1848:, a cross-branch force consisting of the U.S. Army 11609: 11586: 11464: 10747:Oe testifies military behind Okinawa mass suicides 10085:"Daily Event for May 24, 2008, William B. Allison" 10077: 9582:"The Cornerstone of Peace – names to be inscribed" 8947:"Okinawa: The Costs of Victory in the Last Battle" 8607:"Survey of Allied tank casualties in World War II" 8485:"Okinawa: The Costs of Victory in the Last Battle" 3555:scrapped or decommissioned as a result of damage. 3513:were yards away from getting killed or wounded by 15388:Amphibious operations involving the United States 11548:Downfall: The End of the Imperial Japanese Empire 10993:"Soviets declare war on Japan; invade Manchuria". 10372: 9742:, NBC News, 7 June 2004. Retrieved 26 April 2006. 9398: 7131:Air attack, kamikaze near miss sprayed fragments 5497:Air attack, kamikaze crashed deck, fires put out 4665:Air attack, five kamikaze hits, scuttled 7 April 3456:(hit by two bombs in a level bombing attack by a 2153:mobilized 1,780 schoolboys aged 14–17 years into 15328:United States Armed Forces in Okinawa Prefecture 15269: 11400:Battle of Okinawa III MEF Staff Ride Battle Book 11012:"Did Nuclear Weapons Cause Japan to Surrender?". 10496:"3 Dead Marines and a Secret of Wartime Okinawa" 8846:. Nisei.hawaii.edu. 1 April 1945. Archived from 8050:planned ground invasion of the Japanese mainland 7204:Air attack, kamikaze hit portside of wheelhouse 6972:Air attack, kamikaze hit off Hanagushi, Okinawa 5649:Air attack, near miss kamikaze's bomb veered in 5047:Air attack, kamikaze hit starboard at waterline 4945:Mine, struck two mines, blowing off her bow and 3728:, exploded two forward magazines, bow blown off 3448:suffered 396 killed and missing. These were the 2991:Shuri Castle had been shelled by the battleship 2653:Meanwhile, the 77th Infantry Division assaulted 11485: 9667:"Okinawa marks 62nd anniversary of WWII battle" 9613:Japan's minorities: the illusion of homogeneity 8522:Tenth Army After Action Report, Ryukyus, vol. 1 8359:"The Forgotten Fleet - Warfare History Network" 6869:Air attack, kamikaze bombs exploded under keel 6076:Air attack; three kamikaze hits and bomb frags 5522:Air attack, kamikaze to bridge, with explosion 3429:Allied naval vessels sunk or damaged at Okinawa 2628:Six days later on 13 April, the 2nd Battalion, 1774: 15298:Naval battles of World War II involving Canada 11892:A photographic record of aircraft carrier HMS 11633:Goodbye, Darkness: A Memoir of the Pacific War 11090:(in Japanese). Pref.okinawa.jp. Archived from 10929:. University of Missouri Press. p. xvii. 10634:. Search.japantimes.co.jp. 30 September 2007. 10209:"1945 suicide order still a trauma on Okinawa" 10175:. Peace-museum.pref.okinawa.jp. 1 April 2000. 6794:Air attack, kamikaze hit to mast and antennas 6152:Air attack, glancing blow by burning kamikaze 5745:Air attack, kamikaze w/bomb crashed gun mount 5326:Air attack, kamikaze starboard aft, bomb blew 5251:Air attack, splashed kamikaze bomb skidded in 4358:Air attack 25 Mar and 5 April coastal battery 4287:Air attack, kamikaze through main deck, fires 15288:Battles of World War II involving New Zealand 11985: 11668: 11525:The Battle of Okinawa: The Blood and the Bomb 11315:United States Army Center of Military History 11278:United States Army Center of Military History 11233:United States Army Center of Military History 11043:. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. 10632:"110,000 protest history text revision order" 10333: 9128: 9126: 9124: 9068: 8713:United States Army Center of Military History 7891:ambush and kill three black American soldiers 7607:Air attack, kamikaze strike while towing USS 5624:Air attack, kamikaze struck side near bridge 5301:Air attack, kamikaze crashed port, bomb blew 3990:Air attack, kamikaze with bombs at waterline 2921:). Rising 476 ft (145 m) above the 1833:on the large island of Okinawa as a base for 1248: 1172: 1044:94,136 soldiers and sailors dead (all causes) 996:119 Killed, 83 Wounded. 228 Aircraft Lost, 4 210: 11793:"Japan's Battle of Okinawa, April–June 1945" 11774:. United States Government Printing Office. 10487: 10089:Maritime Quest Article on William B. Allison 9839:http://www.cv6.org/ship/logs/pod19450321.htm 9107:"Japan's battle of Okinawa, April–June 1945" 9042: 8781: 8779: 8777: 8690: 8688: 8686: 8684: 8682: 8680: 8678: 8676: 8674: 8672: 8670: 8668: 8666: 8664: 8662: 8660: 8658: 8656: 8654: 8652: 8650: 8648: 8646: 8644: 8642: 7896: 7559:Air attack, splashed kamikaze's bomb struck 6024:Air attack, kamikaze blew through main deck 5849:Air attack, kamikaze hit port bow waterline 3252:Medal of Honor recipients from Okinawa are: 3076:was killed while part of a kamikaze raid on 2247:under Admiral Spruance, but ended it as the 15293:Battles of World War II involving Australia 11589:Retribution – The Battle for Japan, 1944–45 11425: 11374:. Champaign: University of Illinois Press. 10927:Weapons for Victory: The Hiroshima Decision 10334:Molasky, Michael S.; Rabson, Steve (2000). 10236:"Japan's Textbooks Reflect Revised History" 9797:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships 9574: 8893: 8640: 8638: 8636: 8634: 8632: 8630: 8628: 8626: 8624: 8622: 2855:on 30 May. This flag was first raised over 2145:Tekketsu Kinnōtai child soldiers on Okinawa 2136: 2125:. They expected the Americans to land 6–10 15333:United States Marine Corps in World War II 11992: 11978: 11672:With the Old Breed: At Peleliu and Okinawa 11630: 10340:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 22. 10167: 10165: 10163: 9928: 9926: 9549: 9241:"[Official] Himeyuri Peace Museum" 9158: 9156: 9154: 9121: 9052:. American Veterans Center. 1 April 1945. 8879: 8877: 8427:date 26 September 2024 |website=wikipedia 8031: 7813:with an Okinawan war orphan in April 1945. 5976:Air attack, kamikaze zero hit port bridge 4217:Air attack, kamikaze blew below waterline 4192:Air attack, kamikaze w/bomb hit starboard 4041:Air attack, near miss bomb, badly damaged 2570:reinforcements wade ashore to support the 1255: 1241: 1179: 1165: 11882:Okinawa Prefectural Peace Memorial Museum 11635:. Boston; Toronto: Little, Brown and Co. 11240: 9463:. Abbeville Institute Press. 6 April 2018 9291: 9268: 9266: 8785: 8774: 8182:Okinawa Prefectural Peace Memorial Museum 8046:atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki 7759:Civilian losses, suicides, and atrocities 6360:Air attack, kamikaze set off her rockets 5472:Air attack, kamikaze damaged port engine 3441:suffered over 800 killed and missing and 3213:killed and 4,874 wounded, primarily from 3106:Okinawa Prefectural Peace Memorial Museum 2875:On 4 May, the 32nd Army launched another 2078:The 32nd Army initially consisted of the 1135: 1102: 856:~183,000 combat troops rising to ~250,000 11963:Okinawa: The Last Battle of World War II 11831:"Landings On Okinawa, 1945/04/09 (1945)" 11584: 11368:Victory in the Pacific, 1945, vol. 14 of 11033: 10894:David Hearst in Okinawa (7 March 2011). 10149: 10147: 9384: 9361: 9337: 9202: 9100: 9098: 9096: 9094: 8619: 8462: 8394: 8392: 7968: 7956: 7870: 7804: 7762: 7738: 5022:Suicide boat threw depth charge or mine 4167:Air attack, kamikaze w/bombs hit bridge 3271: 3195: 3183: 3143: 3135: 3087: 3058:. Ushijima and Chō committed suicide by 2866: 2838: 2700: 2692: 2676: 2668: 2562: 2512: 2479:warm up their engines before taking off. 2420: 2386:and fight from shore, using her guns as 2140: 15393:Japan–United Kingdom military relations 15303:Battles of World War II involving Japan 11919:Operation Iceberg Operational Documents 11649: 11362: 11193: 10724:Witness: Military ordered mass suicides 10550:Lisa Takeuchi Cullen (13 August 2001). 10294: 10160: 9923: 9700:The Times Atlas of the Second World War 9211:"The Royal Navy's Pacific Strike Force" 9199:. Lecture 21. Professor Craig Symonds 9162: 9151: 9023: 8874: 8351: 8297:flagship of Vice Admiral Marc Mitscher 8279:flagship of Vice Admiral Marc Mitscher 8112:Chiran Peace Museum for Kamikaze Pilots 7903:Japanese history textbook controversies 7886:rapes were committed by American forces 7843:to believe that American soldiers were 7771:observation plane flies over the razed 6127:Air attack, kamikaze hit rockets, sunk 5672:Air attack, kamikaze hit aft gun mount 5200:Air attack, kamikaze hit signal bridge 4537:Air attack, kamikaze hit depth charges 3200:The last picture of US Army Brig. Gen. 2685:listen impassively to radio reports of 388: 15270: 13846: 13824:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union 11743: 11723: 11565: 11522: 11426:Nichols, Charles; Shaw, Henry (1955). 11406:. U.S. Marine Corps History Division. 11250:. U.S. Marine Corps History Division. 11175:from the original on 22 September 2018 10961: 10924: 10770:Court sides with Oe over mass suicides 10524: 10233: 9697: 9679:from the original on 29 September 2007 9610: 9272: 9263: 8951:The National WWII Museum | New Orleans 8894:Nichols, Charles; Shaw, Henry (1955). 8811: 8809: 8807: 8398: 8330:from the original on 19 September 2020 8326:. US Army Center of Military History. 7279:Air attack, kamikaze hit on starboard 6334:Suicide boat ramming caused explosion 1000:lightly damaged in Kamikaze strikes. 15368:Amphibious operations of World War II 14695:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign 14127:Japanese invasion of French Indochina 13773:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union 13729:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union 12827:Rape during the occupation of Germany 11973: 11887:The Peace Learning Archive in OKINAWA 11790: 11690: 11669:Sledge, E. B.; Fussell, Paul (1990). 11607: 11541: 11494: 11462: 11343: 11306: 10981:brought about the Japanese surrender. 10949: 10868: 10506:from the original on 26 November 2018 10179:from the original on 21 December 2019 10144: 9691: 9481: 9349: 9208: 9104: 9091: 8979:from the original on 16 December 2018 8790:. Naval Institute Press. p. 91. 8581: 8389: 8383: 7718: 7459:Air attack, kamikaze hit flight deck 5697:Air attack, kamikaze hit stern crane 5376:Air attack, two kamikaze Val strikes 4868:Air attack, kamikaze hit engine room 4016:Air attack, kamikaze, scuttled 6 May 3188:The last picture of US Army Lt. Gen. 2103:and his chief of operations, Colonel 1236: 1160: 13817:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union 12842:Rape during the liberation of France 11860:US military on the Battle of Okinawa 11769: 11709: 11396: 11257:from the original on 22 January 2021 10493: 10393:from the original on 23 January 2023 10354:from the original on 23 January 2023 10315:from the original on 23 January 2023 9745: 9604: 9562:from the original on 7 December 2009 9550:Manchester, William (14 June 1987). 9501:from the original on 14 January 2015 9305:. 3 February 1953. pp. 536–538. 9303:Air Force Historical Research Agency 9251:from the original on 11 January 2023 8288:flagship of Admiral Raymond Spruance 8270:flagship of Admiral Raymond Spruance 8068:Meanwhile, many parties continue to 3450:first and third largest loss of life 2553:155 mm (6.1 in) "Long Tom" 2390:and her crew as naval infantry. The 1190:Volcano and Ryukyu Islands campaign 891:1815 Aircraft of which 1050 Kamikaze 16:Major 1945 battle of the Pacific War 10873:. University Press of the Pacific. 9629: 8804: 8127:Rape during the occupation of Japan 8009:, occupied Okinawa, and set up the 5547:Air attack, multiple kamikaze hits 5447:Air attack, three kamikaze strikes 5424:Air attack, kamikaze Val amidships 5072:Coastal Battery, damaging hits off 4843:Air attack, kamikaze hit starboard 4512:Air attack, kate kamikaze portside 3937:Air attack, kamikaze with bombs to 3242:the desecration of Japanese remains 2664: 2558: 2545:Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion 2359: 1040:Battle & Non-battle casualties: 43:Volcano and Ryukyu Islands campaign 13: 14043:German invasion of the Netherlands 12316:Weather events during World War II 11450:from the original on 24 March 2021 11413:from the original on 24 March 2021 11231:from websites or documents of the 10906:from the original on 1 August 2016 10705:Okinawa's war time wounds reopened 10603: 10581:Okinawa slams history text rewrite 10276:from the original on 12 April 2019 10234:Onishi, Norimitsu (1 April 2007). 10206: 9806:Naval History and Heritage Command 8918:from the original on 24 March 2021 8076:, and Japan's depleted resources. 7981:Military historian and journalist 7775:, capital of Okinawa, in May 1945. 7731: 6309:kamikaze through starboard bridge 6050:Air attack, five kamikaze strikes 5823:Suicide boat explosive blew close 5276:Air attack, kamikaze hit foremast 4818:Air attack, cartwheeling kamikaze 3126: 2621:and by 7 April had sealed off the 2048:(including 24,000 hastily drafted 1911: 1841:, 340 mi (550 km) away. 905:Imperial Japanese Army Air Service 14: 15409: 14674:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan 11801:Command and General Staff College 11763: 10638:from the original on 29 June 2012 10612:from the original on 20 June 2020 10462: 10246:from the original on 20 July 2014 10095:from the original on 24 June 2021 10039:from the original on 28 June 2021 10013:from the original on 29 June 2021 9961:from the original on 28 June 2021 9759:from the original on 23 June 2011 9637:"Recollecting the War in Okinawa" 9395:West Point Atlas of American Wars 9221:from the original on 22 July 2018 9197:World War II: The Pacific Theater 8820:. Mca-marines.org. Archived from 8815: 8088: 6412:Air attack, kamikaze dive bomber 6203:Air attack, kamikaze hit forward 4715:Air attack, two kamikaze strikes 3509:and his chief of staff Commodore 2705:US Operations in Southern Okinawa 2578:The main landing was made by the 1143:Battle of Okinawa (Pacific Ocean) 15234: 11999: 11961:interview with Robert Leckie on 11853:is available for viewing at the 11843:is available for viewing at the 11833:is available for viewing at the 11823:is available for viewing at the 11778:from the original on 21 May 2011 11227: This article incorporates 11222: 11187: 11157: 11131: 11106: 11080: 11057: 11027: 11005: 10986: 10955: 10918: 10887: 10862: 10852:"Okinawan History and Karate-do" 10844: 10835: 10826: 10810: 10786: 10763: 10740: 10717: 10698: 10674: 10650: 10624: 10597: 10574: 10543: 10518: 10456: 10431: 10419:from the original on 6 June 2020 10405: 10366: 10327: 10288: 10258: 10227: 10200: 10191: 9957:. Destroyer History Foundation. 9851:http://www.cv6.org/1945/1945.htm 9753:"The Amphibians Came to Conquer" 9531:from the original on 27 May 2010 9362:Shigeaki, Kinjo (13 June 2014). 9001:. Historynet.com. Archived from 8883: 8694: 8593:name=Blumberg>{{cite web|url= 8147:Marine Corps Air Station Futenma 6493:, and two more kamikazes struck 3043:. On 19 June, Brigadier General 2733:The next American objective was 2722:, from what came to be known as 2524:shelling Okinawa on 1 April 1945 2484: 2450: 2334: 2316: 2305:Shin'yō-class suicide motorboats 2272:from Kyushu, and 250 individual 1998:) and various support and troop 1134: 1127: 1101: 1094: 1028: 981: 963:10,007 at Okinawa, 1,294 on USS 937: 911: 898: 861: 846: 824: 804: 784: 734: 658: 626: 570: 545: 520: 448: 415: 396: 377: 357: 338: 326: 314: 302: 290: 279: 259: 238: 225: 212: 199: 187: 175: 159: 78:(2 months and 3 weeks) 58: 15358:Invasions by the United Kingdom 11429:Okinawa: Victory in the Pacific 11327:. CMH Pub 72-35. Archived from 11194:Fackler, Martin (5 July 2013). 10131: 10119: 10107: 10064: 10051: 10025: 9999: 9986: 9973: 9939: 9910: 9881: 9869: 9856: 9844: 9832: 9819: 9784: 9771: 9725: 9716: 9659: 9641:Japan Policy Research Institute 9543: 9513: 9487: 9475: 9453: 9427: 9389: 9378: 9355: 9343: 9331: 9322: 9309: 9233: 9189: 9134:"Number of names Inscribed／沖縄県" 9056:from the original on 3 May 2012 9050:"Okinawa: The Typhoon of Steel" 9017: 8991: 8965: 8939: 8930: 8897:Okinawa: Victory in the Pacific 8862: 8836: 8765: 8753: 8741: 8600: 8587: 8560: 8551: 8539: 8527: 8515: 8503: 8477: 8468: 8291: 8282: 8273: 8264: 8254: 8245: 8236: 8226: 8213: 8204: 8194: 7929:The Nobel Prize-winning author 7027:Air attack, Aerial Torpedo off 6567:Air attack, kamikaze hit, bomb 4893:Air attack, kamikaze starboard 4690:Air attack, four kamikaze hits 4639:Air attack, kamikaze near miss 4563:Air attack, multiple kamikazes 2307:were also used in the Japanese 2235:to protect the southern flank. 2203: 2107:. Yahara advocated a defensive 1262: 978:: 26,211 to 33,096 (all causes) 953:~50,000, including ~12,500 dead 15353:Invasions by the United States 14921:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945 12624:Territorial changes of Germany 12532:Indonesian National Revolution 11435:. Government Printing Office. 9111:Combined Arms Research Library 8903:. Government Printing Office. 8456: 8443: 8430: 8417: 8377: 8342: 8316: 3965:Air attack, bomb and kamikaze 2508: 1918:Okinawa ground order of battle 1844:The United States created the 1837:, the planned invasion of the 1: 15313:History of Okinawa Prefecture 14321:Japanese invasion of Thailand 14272:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran 14036:German invasion of Luxembourg 12410:Mediterranean and Middle East 11791:Huber, Thomas M. (May 1990). 11770:Dyer, George Carroll (1956). 11652:Okinawa 1945: The last Battle 11593:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 11307:Fisch, Arnold G. Jr. (2004). 10925:Maddox, Robert James (2004). 9615:. Routledge. pp. 169ff. 9611:Weiner, Michael, ed. (1997). 9552:"The Bloodiest Battle Of All" 9409:"The Ordeals of Shuri Castle" 9209:Hobbs, David (January 2013). 9171:. Osprey Publishing. p. 9167:Okinawa 1945: The Last Battle 8975:. Militaryhistoryonline.com. 8304: 8048:, as a means of avoiding the 4614:Starboard waterline kamikaze 3833:Mine, struck mines twice off 3083: 2437:as well as aircraft. Several 2348:burns after being hit by two 2159:Iron and Blood Imperial Corps 1924:Okinawa naval order of battle 1084:40,000–150,000 civilians dead 14228:Invasion of the Soviet Union 13917:Occupation of Czechoslovakia 13228:Independent State of Croatia 11631:Manchester, William (1980). 10494:Sims, Calvin (1 June 2000). 10295:Molasky, Michael S. (1999). 9827:Victory in the Pacific, 1945 9702:. Times Books. p. 169. 8309: 8074:Soviet invasion of Manchuria 8052:. This view is explained by 7952: 7914:Okinawa Prefectural Assembly 3501:which was also hit in May). 2543:On 31 March, Marines of the 1785:, was a major battle of the 1709:Manchuria and Northern Korea 7: 15212:End of World War II in Asia 15052:Western invasion of Germany 14559:Chinese famine of 1942–1943 14536:Second Battle of El Alamein 14106:Hundred Regiments Offensive 14078:Battle of the Mediterranean 13931:Italian invasion of Albania 12098:Air warfare of World War II 11675:. Oxford University Press. 11608:Lacey, Laura Homan (2005). 10714:BBC News, 17 November 2007. 8100: 8079: 7863:combat translators such as 7861:Military Intelligence Corps 3131: 3072:On 15 August 1945, Admiral 2179: 2024: 1775: 1507:Dutch East Indies (1941–42) 1464:Strategic bombing (1944–45) 1052:7,401 captured (by 30 June) 10: 15414: 15138:Naval bombardment of Japan 14506:First Battle of El Alamein 14425:Battle of Christmas Island 14370:Japanese invasion of Burma 14134:Italian invasion of Greece 14050:German invasion of Belgium 14022:German invasion of Denmark 13995:1939–1940 Winter Offensive 13864:Second Italo-Ethiopian War 12121:Comparative military ranks 11724:Yahara, Hiromichi (2001). 11241:Alexander, Joseph (1995). 11216: 11088:"The Cornerstone of Peace" 11064:"Why did Japan surrender?" 10969:. Allen Lane. p. 50. 10128:. Retrieved 14 March 2024. 10116:. Retrieved 11 March 2024. 9878:. Retrieved 14 March 2024. 9853:. Retrieved 14 March 2024. 9841:. Retrieved 14 March 2024. 9461:"Okinawa Confederate Flag" 9105:Huber, Thomas (May 1990). 8936:Feifer 2001 pp. xi, 99–106 8548:p. 317. Retrieved 2/1/2024 8524:9-IV-1. Retrieved 2/1/2024 8095:United States Forces Japan 7900: 7778: 3464:on 19 March 1945) and USS 3190:Simon Bolivar Buckner, Jr. 2849:3rd Battalion, 1st Marines 2811:A tank assault to achieve 2341:American aircraft carrier 2111:, whilst Chō advocated an 1921: 1915: 1809:in the Pacific Theater of 1799:United States Marine Corps 1656:Volcano and Ryukyu Islands 919:~76,000+ Japanese soldiers 18: 15373:April 1945 events in Asia 15227: 15059:Bratislava–Brno offensive 14999: 14990:Dutch famine of 1944–1945 14727: 14614:Allied invasion of Sicily 14568: 14474:Aleutian Islands campaign 14446:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign 14393: 14384:Greek famine of 1941–1944 14279:Second Battle of Changsha 14184:German invasion of Greece 14152: 14029:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang 14004: 13942: 13837: 13718: 13444: 13354: 13195: 12898: 12889: 12647: 12472: 12364:North and Central Pacific 12325: 12087: 12080: 12007: 11865:26 September 2009 at the 11728:. John Wiley & Sons. 11566:Hallas, James H. (2006). 11017:24 September 2021 at the 10869:Fisch, Arnold G. (2004). 10301:. Routledge. p. 16. 9437:. Nps.gov. Archived from 9319:Hanover House 1956 p. 309 9317:Sea Fights and Shipwrecks 8363:warfarehistorynetwork.com 7897:MEXT textbook controversy 7431:Air attack, kamikaze hit 7380:Air attack, kamikaze hit 7254:Air attack, kamikaze hit 7229:Air attack, kamikaze hit 7024:Cargo Ship, Liberty Ship 6489:Air attack, aft bomb, an 4919:Mine, powerful explosion 3410:William D. Halyburton Jr. 2681:American soldiers of the 2574:on Okinawa, 1 April 1945. 2354:planes within 30 seconds. 2166: 1950:Simon Bolivar Buckner Jr. 1928: 1885:tetsu no bōfū 1766: 1272: 1198: 1146:Show map of Pacific Ocean 1088: 1083: 929: 650: 435: 250: 148: 68: 57: 40: 35: 15383:June 1945 events in Asia 14651:Allied invasion of Italy 14628:Solomon Islands campaign 14377:Third Battle of Changsha 13974:First Battle of Changsha 13880:Second Sino-Japanese War 12813:German military brothels 12679:United States war crimes 11719:. New York: W.W. Norton. 11695:. Simon & Schuster. 11650:Rottman, Gordon (2002). 11273:Okinawa: The Last Battle 10998:3 September 2020 at the 10752:12 November 2007 at the 10662:19 December 2008 at the 10033:"Loss report of YMS-103" 9947:"Destroyer History, USS 9163:Rottman, Gordon (2002). 9024:Wheelan, Joseph (2020). 8816:Frame, SSgt Rudy R. Jr. 8750:p. 5. Retrieved 2/1/2024 8708:Okinawa: The Last Battle 8557:Frank, "Downfall" p. 402 8512:p. 95 Retrieved 2/1/2024 8489:The National WWII Museum 8187: 4330:Landing Craft, Infantry 4242:Air attack, 500 lb bomb 3276:Tooltip Posthumous award 2288:disputed Navy claims of 2137:Japanese use of children 1789:fought on the island of 1743:Second Sino-Japanese War 1583:Estevan Point Lighthouse 1338:Indian Ocean (1941–1945) 1289:Marshalls–Gilberts raids 1017:15 amphibious ships sunk 15378:May 1945 events in Asia 15323:Murder–suicides in Asia 15073:Second Guangxi campaign 14928:Philippines (1944–1945) 14432:Battle of the Coral Sea 14335:Fall of the Philippines 13981:Battle of South Guangxi 13887:Battles of Khalkhin Gol 13286:Italian Social Republic 11901:WWII: Battle of Okinawa 11744:Zaloga, Steven (2007). 11585:Hastings, Max (2008) . 11523:Feifer, George (2001). 11495:Coski, John M. (2005). 11348:. Seaforth Publishing. 10443:27 January 2012 at the 10270:San Francisco Chronicle 10007:"Loss report of PGM-18" 8844:"11: Battle of Okinawa" 8032:Effect on the wider war 7997:According to historian 7977:on Okinawa, August 1945 7809:Two US Marines share a 7611:, sank in four minutes 7327:Landing Craft Infantry 3505:commander Vice Admiral 3503:Fast Carrier Task Force 3318:Robert M. McTureous Jr. 2890:captured Conical Hill ( 2408:s screening force, the 1858:96th Infantry Divisions 1345:Japanese merchant raids 907:850 Kamikaze Aircraft 875:yamato class battleship 854:~541,000 in Tenth Army 15338:World War II invasions 14658:Armistice of Cassibile 14460:Battle of Dutch Harbor 14411:Battle of the Java Sea 14314:Attack on Pearl Harbor 14214:Syria–Lebanon campaign 14207:Battle of South Shanxi 14177:Invasion of Yugoslavia 13960:Battle of the Atlantic 13574:Korean Liberation Army 13280:(until September 1943) 13237:(until September 1944) 13215:(until September 1944) 11924:26 August 2009 at the 11746:Japanese Tanks 1939–45 11726:The Battle for Okinawa 11687:, famous Marine memoir 11463:Astor, Gerald (1996). 11397:Nash, Douglas (2015). 11229:public domain material 9738:17 August 2018 at the 8786:Giangreco, D. (2009). 8117:History of the Ryukyus 8066: 8029: 7995: 7978: 7975:Victory over Japan Day 7966: 7880: 7814: 7803: 7776: 7744: 7078:Destroyer Minesweeper 6866:Destroyer Minesweeper 6149:Destroyer Minesweeper 5646:Destroyer Minesweeper 5621:Destroyer Minesweeper 4687:Destroyer Minesweeper 4662:Destroyer Minesweeper 3363:– 19–21 April (posth.) 3250: 3205: 3202:Claudius Miller Easley 3193: 3153: 3141: 3097: 3067:The Battle for Okinawa 3045:Claudius Miller Easley 2872: 2864: 2785:27th Infantry Division 2715:7th Infantry Divisions 2706: 2698: 2690: 2683:77th Infantry Division 2674: 2575: 2530:77th Infantry Division 2525: 2251:under Admiral Halsey. 2225: 2151:Imperial Japanese Army 2146: 2038:Imperial Japanese Navy 1819:77th Infantry Division 1803:Imperial Japanese Army 1644:Hiroshima and Nagasaki 1488:Burma and India (1944) 1311:Gilberts and Marshalls 868:Imperial Japanese Navy 811:Royal New Zealand Navy 778:carrier based aircraft 597:62nd Infantry Division 592:28th Infantry Division 587:24th Infantry Division 507:96th Infantry Division 502:77th Infantry Division 497:27th Infantry Division 251:Commanders and leaders 76:1 April – 22 June 1945 14822:Second Battle of Guam 14718:Bengal famine of 1943 14688:Second Battle of Kiev 14644:Battle of the Dnieper 14349:Battle of Wake Island 14221:East African campaign 14163:Battle of South Henan 13808:atrocities by Germans 13581:Korean Volunteer Army 12555:Occupation of Germany 12309:Music in World War II 11799:. United States Army 11748:. Osprey Publishing. 11654:. Osprey Publishing. 11364:Morison, Samuel Eliot 11344:Hobbs, David (2012). 10525:Tanaka, Yuki (2003). 9698:Keegan, John (1989). 9273:Toland, John (1970). 8399:Keegan, John (2005). 8085:lists 242,225 names. 8062: 8021: 7987: 7972: 7960: 7874: 7808: 7798: 7766: 7742: 7330:Air attack, kamikaze 6844:Air attack, kamikaze 6101:Air attack, kamikaze 5401:Air attack, kamikaze 5226:Air attack, kamikaze 5150:Air attack, kamikaze 5125:Air attack, kamikaze 4588:Air attack, kamikaze 4066:Air attack, kamikaze 3862:Air attack, kamikaze 3753:Air attack, kamikaze 3673:Air attack, kamikaze 3528:was also struck by a 3422:Richard M. McCool Jr. 3267:Henry A. Courtney Jr. 3228: 3199: 3187: 3147: 3139: 3091: 2870: 2842: 2794:Pacific Ocean Theater 2704: 2696: 2687:Victory in Europe Day 2680: 2672: 2566: 2516: 2427:British Pacific Fleet 2421:British Pacific Fleet 2323:The super battleship 2292:coming from Formosa. 2207: 2144: 2099:, Lieutenant General 2021:ships and personnel. 1839:Japanese home islands 1829:were planning to use 1554:Philippines (1944–45) 1512:Philippines (1941–42) 1115:Location within Japan 1073:9 other warships sunk 975:Non-battle casualties 930:Casualties and losses 791:Royal Australian Navy 492:7th Infantry Division 15108:Surrender of Germany 14586:Battle of West Hubei 14543:Guadalcanal campaign 14513:Battle of Stalingrad 14439:Battle of Madagascar 13206:Albania protectorate 12993:(formerly Swaziland) 12702:Wehrmacht war crimes 12518:Expulsion of Germans 12302:Art and World War II 12200:British contribution 12149:Governments in exile 11965:, September 3, 1995. 11950:12 December 2012 at 11937:14 December 2012 at 11877:Cornerstone of Peace 11691:Sloan, Bill (2007). 11069:26 July 2020 at the 10737:, 12 September 2007. 9779:Twilight of the Gods 9592:on 27 September 2011 9080:5 April 2020 at the 8761:Tokko Yamato Kantai. 8612:17 July 2019 at the 8569:. Retrieved 2/1/2024 8401:The Second World War 8137:Okinawa Memorial Day 7963:Cornerstone of Peace 7791:pressed into service 7428:Destroyer Minelayer 7403:Destroyer Minelayer 6918:Destroyer Transport 6098:Destroyer Minelayer 6073:Destroyer Minelayer 5373:Destroyer Minelayer 5069:Destroyer Transport 4114:Destroyer Transport 3934:Destroyer Minelayer 3887:Mine, possibly bomb 3724:Mine, 3 miles SE of 3517:on his flagship USS 3387:– 15–16 May (posth.) 3337:Beauford T. Anderson 3223:Marine Corps Gazette 3163:Guadalcanal Campaign 3102:Cornerstone of Peace 2888:763rd Tank Battalion 2881:counter-battery fire 2778:infiltration tactics 2630:22nd Marine Regiment 2584:III Amphibious Corps 2069:Battle of Leyte Gulf 2007:British Commonwealth 1870:6th Marine Divisions 1355:Homfreyganj massacre 1112:class=notpageimage| 1068:1 light cruiser sunk 1057:~105,000 to 110,000 1013:375 tanks destroyed 465:III Amphibious Corps 333:Sir Bernard Rawlings 266:Simon B. Buckner Jr. 15198:Potsdam Declaration 15087:Italy (Spring 1945) 14850:Liberation of Paris 14307:Siege of Sevastopol 13318:(until August 1944) 13221:Wang Jingwei regime 13043:from September 1943 13003:from September 1944 12941:from September 1944 12801:Romanian war crimes 12792:Persecution of Jews 12778:Croatian war crimes 12748:Japanese war crimes 12562:Occupation of Japan 12511:First Indochina War 12223:Military production 12135:Declarations of war 11906:10 May 2010 at the 11807:on 16 December 2006 11527:. The Lyons Press. 11171:. 9 February 2017. 10799:28 May 2013 at the 10760:, 10 November 2007. 10710:6 June 2020 at the 10695:, 27 December 2007. 10671:, 26 December 2007. 10475:on 13 December 2013 9315:Baldwin, Hanson W. 9195:The Great Courses. 9117:on 16 October 2004. 8850:on 2 September 2016 8824:on 14 December 2013 8054:Victor Davis Hanson 7841:Japanese propaganda 4307:Landing Craft Tank 3807:kamikaze with bomb 3560: 3357:– 29 April – 21 May 3296:– 15 April (posth.) 3121:Manchurian Incident 2941: / 2905: / 2845:Richard P. Ross Jr. 2833:1st Marine Division 2752: / 2615:6th Marine Division 2592:2nd Marine Division 1964:Raymond A. Spruance 1801:forces against the 1075:1,430 aircraft lost 1035:Japanese personnel: 944:American personnel: 831:Royal Canadian Navy 480:6th Marine Division 475:2nd Marine Division 470:1st Marine Division 309:Raymond A. Spruance 117: / 15348:Invasions of Japan 15191:Surrender of Japan 15024:Battle of Iwo Jima 14873:Belgrade offensive 14286:Siege of Leningrad 14170:Battle of Shanggao 14099:British Somaliland 14064:Dunkirk evacuation 14015:Norwegian campaign 13953:Invasion of Poland 13780:Japanese prisoners 12741:Italian war crimes 12672:British war crimes 12587:Soviet occupations 12371:South-West Pacific 12258:Allied cooperation 12216:Military equipment 11797:Leavenworth Papers 11294:on 8 November 2010 11208:on 1 January 2022. 11200:The New York Times 11035:Hasegawa, Tsuyoshi 10963:Gaddis, John Lewis 10858:on 19 August 2011. 10841:Feifer 2001 pp. xi 10832:Feifer 2001 p. vii 10805:The Asashi Shimbun 10500:The New York Times 10240:The New York Times 10215:on 14 January 2006 10197:Feifer 2001 p. 374 10091:. Maritime Quest. 9586:Okinawa Prefecture 9556:The New York Times 9497:. Japanfocus.org. 9352:, pp. 175–176 9245:www.himeyuri.or.jp 9215:US Naval Institute 9138:Okinawa Prefecture 8871:Retrieved 2/1/2024 8729:on 8 November 2010 8142:Naval Base Okinawa 7979: 7973:Marines celebrate 7967: 7881: 7815: 7801:indiscriminately. 7777: 7767:A US Marine Corps 7745: 7654:Landing Ship Tank 7012:William B. Allison 6892:Small Minesweeper 6713:Landing Ship Tank 4712:Small Minesweeper 4284:Tank Landing Ship 4189:Attack Cargo Ship 4013:Tank Landing Ship 3884:Attack Cargo Ship 3830:Small Minesweeper 3558: 3404:Robert Eugene Bush 3381:– 9 April (posth.) 3306:Louis J. Hauge Jr. 3206: 3194: 3167:Battle of Iwo Jima 3154: 3142: 3117:Japanese surrender 3098: 3094:US Coast Guardsmen 3052:Okinawa Prefecture 3023:hand-built tunnels 2945:26.222°N 127.696°E 2873: 2865: 2756:26.259°N 127.737°E 2707: 2699: 2691: 2675: 2576: 2532:who landed in the 2526: 2147: 2067:tactics since the 1957:Richmond K. Turner 1947:Lieutenant General 1878:Thirty-Second Army 1874:Tactical Air Force 1835:Operation Downfall 1807:amphibious assault 1795:United States Army 1702:Japanese surrender 1668:Naval bombardments 1598:Fire balloon bombs 1321:Volcano and Ryukyu 1316:Marianas and Palau 1077:27 tanks destroyed 1019:8 other ships sunk 1015:13 destroyers sunk 1002:'Total casualties: 993:Battle casualties: 988:British personnel: 949:Battle casualties: 665:United States Navy 616:27th Tank Regiment 613:60th Mixed Brigade 610:59th Mixed Brigade 607:45th Mixed Brigade 321:William Halsey Jr. 19:For the film, see 15278:Battle of Okinawa 15265: 15264: 15223: 15222: 15066:Battle of Okinawa 14965:Burma (1944–1945) 14799:Mariana and Palau 14579:Tunisian campaign 14404:Fall of Singapore 14328:Fall of Hong Kong 14071:Battle of Britain 13924:Operation Himmler 13833: 13832: 13497:Dutch East Indies 13133:Southern Rhodesia 12885: 12884: 12785:Genocide of Serbs 12688:German war crimes 12665:Soviet war crimes 12658:Allied war crimes 12504:Division of Korea 12483:Chinese Civil War 12281:Strategic bombing 12193:Manhattan Project 11616:. Potomac Books. 11570:. Potomac Books. 11543:Frank, Richard B. 11331:on 5 January 2012 10450:Stars and Stripes 10035:. www.fold3.com. 10009:. www.fold3.com. 9955:Destroyer History 9722:Feifer 2001 p. xi 9086:Stars and Stripes 9035:978-0-306-90320-5 8107:Himeyuri students 8058:Ripples of Battle 8038:Japan surrendered 8025:Battle of Britain 7991:Battle of Britain 7983:Hanson W. Baldwin 7820:Okinawan language 7729: 7728: 7556:Destroyer Escort 7477:William D. Porter 7398:J. William Ditter 7271:Mary A. Livermore 7201:Attack Transport 7128:Destroyer Escort 6944:Destroyer Escort 6841:Destroyer Escort 6791:Destroyer Escort 6739:Destroyer Escort 6614:Destroyer Escort 6435:Destroyer Escort 5595:Destroyer Escort 5348:Destroyer Escort 5014:Charles J. Badger 4611:Destroyer Escort 4164:Attack Transport 4139:Attack Transport 3987:Attack Transport 3962:Attack Transport 3778:Air attack, bomb 3418:– 8 June (posth.) 3412:– 10 May (posth.) 3391:Alejandro R. Ruiz 3379:Edward J. Moskala 3343:Clarence B. Craft 3320:– 7 June (posth.) 3308:– 14 May (posth.) 3288:William A. Foster 2877:counter-offensive 2435:naval bombardment 2388:coastal artillery 2375:and commanded by 2301:destroyer escorts 2240:Chester W. Nimitz 2233:Sakishima Islands 2190:Tekketsu Kinnōtai 2185:Himeyuri students 2183:), while female 2180:Tekketsu Kinnōtai 2177: 1984:aircraft carriers 1980:destroyer escorts 1783:Operation Iceberg 1758:Battle of Okinawa 1751: 1750: 1593:Lookout Air Raids 1500:Southwest Pacific 1230: 1229: 1155: 1154: 1118:Show map of Japan 1071:5 destroyers sunk 1064:1 battleship sunk 1055:Total casualties: 1023:763 aircraft lost 1021:386 ships damaged 1004:~76,000 to 84,000 728:destroyer escorts 297:Chester W. Nimitz 144: 143: 36:Battle of Okinawa 22:Battle of Okinawa 15405: 15258: 15251: 15244: 15241:World portal 15239: 15238: 15214: 15207: 15200: 15193: 15184: 15177: 15170: 15161: 15154: 15147: 15140: 15133: 15126: 15117: 15110: 15103: 15101:Prague offensive 15096: 15094:Battle of Berlin 15089: 15082: 15075: 15068: 15061: 15054: 15047: 15040: 15038:Vienna offensive 15033: 15026: 15019: 15017:Battle of Manila 15012: 14992: 14983: 14974: 14967: 14958: 14951: 14944: 14937: 14930: 14923: 14916: 14907: 14898: 14891: 14882: 14875: 14868: 14861: 14852: 14845: 14838: 14831: 14824: 14817: 14810: 14801: 14794: 14785: 14776: 14767: 14760: 14758:Korsun–Cherkassy 14753: 14742: 14720: 14711: 14704: 14697: 14690: 14683: 14676: 14669: 14660: 14653: 14646: 14639: 14630: 14623: 14616: 14609: 14602: 14600:Bombing of Gorky 14595: 14588: 14581: 14561: 14554: 14545: 14538: 14531: 14522: 14515: 14508: 14501: 14490: 14483: 14476: 14469: 14467:Battle of Midway 14462: 14455: 14453:Battle of Gazala 14448: 14441: 14434: 14427: 14420: 14413: 14406: 14386: 14379: 14372: 14365: 14363:Battle of Borneo 14358: 14356:Malayan campaign 14351: 14344: 14337: 14330: 14323: 14316: 14309: 14302: 14300:Bombing of Gorky 14295: 14293:Battle of Moscow 14288: 14281: 14274: 14267: 14260: 14253: 14237: 14230: 14223: 14216: 14209: 14202: 14193: 14186: 14179: 14172: 14165: 14145: 14136: 14129: 14122: 14115: 14108: 14101: 14094: 14087: 14080: 14073: 14066: 14059: 14057:Battle of France 14052: 14045: 14038: 14031: 14024: 14017: 13997: 13990: 13983: 13976: 13969: 13962: 13955: 13933: 13926: 13919: 13912: 13910:Munich Agreement 13905: 13898: 13889: 13882: 13875: 13866: 13859: 13844: 13843: 13826: 13819: 13810: 13803: 13796: 13795:Soviet prisoners 13789: 13782: 13775: 13766: 13759: 13750: 13743: 13736: 13735:German prisoners 13731: 13711: 13702: 13695: 13688: 13683: 13676: 13669: 13662: 13655: 13648: 13641: 13634: 13627: 13620: 13613: 13606: 13599: 13592: 13583: 13576: 13569: 13562: 13555: 13548: 13541: 13534: 13527: 13520: 13513: 13506: 13499: 13492: 13485: 13478: 13471: 13464: 13457: 13437: 13430: 13423: 13416: 13409: 13402: 13395: 13388: 13381: 13374: 13367: 13347: 13340: 13333: 13326: 13319: 13311: 13304: 13297: 13288: 13281: 13273: 13266: 13264:French Indochina 13259: 13252: 13245: 13238: 13230: 13223: 13216: 13208: 13188: 13179: 13172: 13163: 13156: 13149: 13142: 13135: 13128: 13121: 13114: 13111:from August 1944 13102: 13095: 13088: 13081: 13074: 13067: 13060: 13053: 13046: 13034: 13027: 13020: 13013: 13006: 12994: 12986: 12979: 12972: 12965: 12958: 12951: 12944: 12932: 12925: 12918: 12911: 12896: 12895: 12876: 12869: 12862: 12855: 12848: 12837: 12822: 12815: 12808: 12803: 12794: 12787: 12780: 12771: 12764: 12757: 12755:Nanjing Massacre 12750: 12743: 12734: 12732:Nuremberg trials 12725: 12718: 12711: 12704: 12697: 12690: 12681: 12674: 12667: 12660: 12640: 12633: 12626: 12617: 12610: 12603: 12596: 12589: 12582: 12573: 12564: 12557: 12550: 12543: 12534: 12527: 12520: 12513: 12506: 12499: 12492: 12485: 12465: 12456: 12449: 12442: 12433: 12426: 12419: 12412: 12403: 12396: 12389: 12380: 12373: 12366: 12359: 12352: 12345: 12338: 12336:Asia and Pacific 12318: 12311: 12304: 12297: 12290: 12283: 12276: 12267: 12265:Mulberry harbour 12260: 12253: 12246: 12239: 12232: 12225: 12218: 12211: 12202: 12195: 12188: 12179: 12172: 12165: 12158: 12151: 12144: 12137: 12130: 12123: 12116: 12107: 12100: 12085: 12084: 12073: 12066: 12057: 12050: 12043: 12036: 12029: 12022: 12015: 11994: 11987: 11980: 11971: 11970: 11855:Internet Archive 11845:Internet Archive 11835:Internet Archive 11825:Internet Archive 11816: 11814: 11812: 11803:. Archived from 11787: 11785: 11783: 11759: 11739: 11720: 11706: 11686: 11665: 11646: 11627: 11615: 11604: 11592: 11581: 11562: 11551:. Random House. 11538: 11519: 11517: 11515: 11491: 11482: 11470: 11459: 11457: 11455: 11449: 11434: 11422: 11420: 11418: 11412: 11405: 11393: 11359: 11340: 11338: 11336: 11303: 11301: 11299: 11290:. Archived from 11266: 11264: 11262: 11256: 11249: 11226: 11225: 11210: 11209: 11207: 11202:. Archived from 11191: 11185: 11184: 11182: 11180: 11161: 11155: 11154: 11152: 11150: 11135: 11129: 11128: 11126: 11124: 11110: 11104: 11103: 11101: 11099: 11084: 11078: 11077:. 7 August 2011. 11061: 11055: 11054: 11031: 11025: 11009: 11003: 10990: 10984: 10983: 10959: 10953: 10947: 10941: 10940: 10922: 10916: 10915: 10913: 10911: 10891: 10885: 10884: 10866: 10860: 10859: 10854:. Archived from 10848: 10842: 10839: 10833: 10830: 10824: 10823:, 29 March 2013. 10814: 10808: 10790: 10784: 10783:, 29 March 2008. 10775:29 June 2012 at 10767: 10761: 10744: 10738: 10729:29 June 2012 at 10721: 10715: 10702: 10696: 10686:29 June 2012 at 10678: 10672: 10654: 10648: 10647: 10645: 10643: 10628: 10622: 10621: 10619: 10617: 10601: 10595: 10578: 10572: 10571: 10569: 10567: 10562:on 10 March 2010 10558:. Archived from 10552:"Okinawa Nights" 10547: 10541: 10540: 10522: 10516: 10515: 10513: 10511: 10491: 10485: 10484: 10482: 10480: 10471:. Archived from 10460: 10454: 10435: 10429: 10428: 10426: 10424: 10409: 10403: 10402: 10400: 10398: 10370: 10364: 10363: 10361: 10359: 10331: 10325: 10324: 10322: 10320: 10292: 10286: 10285: 10283: 10281: 10272:. 24 June 1995. 10262: 10256: 10255: 10253: 10251: 10231: 10225: 10224: 10222: 10220: 10211:. Archived from 10204: 10198: 10195: 10189: 10188: 10186: 10184: 10169: 10158: 10151: 10142: 10135: 10129: 10123: 10117: 10111: 10105: 10104: 10102: 10100: 10081: 10075: 10068: 10062: 10055: 10049: 10048: 10046: 10044: 10029: 10023: 10022: 10020: 10018: 10003: 9997: 9990: 9984: 9977: 9971: 9970: 9968: 9966: 9943: 9937: 9930: 9921: 9914: 9908: 9901: 9892: 9885: 9879: 9873: 9867: 9860: 9854: 9848: 9842: 9836: 9830: 9823: 9817: 9816: 9814: 9812: 9788: 9782: 9775: 9769: 9768: 9766: 9764: 9749: 9743: 9729: 9723: 9720: 9714: 9713: 9695: 9689: 9688: 9686: 9684: 9675:. 24 June 2007. 9663: 9657: 9656: 9654: 9652: 9647:on 7 August 2016 9643:. Archived from 9633: 9627: 9626: 9608: 9602: 9601: 9599: 9597: 9588:. Archived from 9578: 9572: 9571: 9569: 9567: 9547: 9541: 9540: 9538: 9536: 9527:. 12 June 2006. 9517: 9511: 9510: 9508: 9506: 9491: 9485: 9479: 9473: 9472: 9470: 9468: 9457: 9451: 9450: 9448: 9446: 9441:on 15 April 2010 9431: 9425: 9424: 9422: 9420: 9405: 9396: 9393: 9387: 9382: 9376: 9375: 9373: 9371: 9359: 9353: 9347: 9341: 9335: 9329: 9326: 9320: 9313: 9307: 9306: 9295: 9289: 9288: 9277:. Random House. 9270: 9261: 9260: 9258: 9256: 9237: 9231: 9230: 9228: 9226: 9206: 9200: 9193: 9187: 9186: 9170: 9160: 9149: 9148: 9146: 9144: 9130: 9119: 9118: 9113:. Archived from 9102: 9089: 9084:, Allen, David; 9072: 9066: 9065: 9063: 9061: 9046: 9040: 9039: 9021: 9015: 9014: 9012: 9010: 9005:on 28 March 2008 8995: 8989: 8988: 8986: 8984: 8969: 8963: 8962: 8960: 8958: 8943: 8937: 8934: 8928: 8927: 8925: 8923: 8917: 8902: 8887: 8886: 8881: 8872: 8866: 8860: 8859: 8857: 8855: 8840: 8834: 8833: 8831: 8829: 8813: 8802: 8801: 8783: 8772: 8769: 8763: 8757: 8751: 8745: 8739: 8738: 8736: 8734: 8725:. Archived from 8698: 8697: 8692: 8617: 8604: 8598: 8591: 8585: 8579: 8570: 8564: 8558: 8555: 8549: 8543: 8537: 8531: 8525: 8519: 8513: 8507: 8501: 8500: 8498: 8496: 8481: 8475: 8472: 8466: 8460: 8454: 8447: 8441: 8434: 8428: 8421: 8415: 8414: 8396: 8387: 8381: 8375: 8374: 8372: 8370: 8355: 8349: 8346: 8340: 8339: 8337: 8335: 8320: 8298: 8295: 8289: 8286: 8280: 8277: 8271: 8268: 8262: 8258: 8252: 8249: 8243: 8240: 8234: 8230: 8224: 8217: 8211: 8208: 8202: 8198: 8177:Giretsu Kuteitai 8132:Suicide in Japan 7936:Osaka Prefecture 7769:Stinson Sentinel 7581:Seaplane Tender 5218:Mannert L. Abele 4949:rescuing PGM-18 3561: 3557: 3554: 3552: 3551: 3542: 3540: 3539: 3385:Joseph E. Muller 3367:Seymour W. Terry 3326:– 7 May (posth.) 3324:Albert E. Schwab 3314:– 4 May (posth.) 3312:Elbert L. Kinser 3302:– 7 May (posth.) 3294:Harold Gonsalves 3290:– 2 May (posth.) 3284:– 7 May (posth.) 3277: 3273: 3104:monument at the 3012:Confederate flag 2956: 2955: 2953: 2952: 2951: 2946: 2942: 2939: 2938: 2937: 2934: 2920: 2919: 2917: 2916: 2915: 2910: 2909:26.21°N 127.75°E 2906: 2903: 2902: 2901: 2898: 2767: 2766: 2764: 2763: 2762: 2757: 2753: 2750: 2749: 2748: 2745: 2665:Southern Okinawa 2647:Giretsu Kuteitai 2623:Motobu Peninsula 2619:Ishikawa Isthmus 2559:Northern Okinawa 2538:Tokashiki island 2497:on fire after a 2488: 2454: 2407: 2365:Operation Ten-Go 2360:Operation Ten-Go 2338: 2320: 2223: 2182: 2172: 2170: 2149:On Okinawa, the 2105:Hiromichi Yahara 2093:Mitsuru Ushijima 1952:would report to 1780: 1778: 1768: 1723:Manchuria (1945) 1578:Aleutian Islands 1428:Indochina (1945) 1398:Indochina (1940) 1384:2nd Indian Ocean 1367:1st Indian Ocean 1362:Christmas Island 1267: 1257: 1250: 1243: 1234: 1233: 1193: 1191: 1181: 1174: 1167: 1158: 1157: 1147: 1138: 1137: 1131: 1119: 1105: 1104: 1098: 1046:4,037 dead from 1033: 1032: 986: 985: 984: 942: 941: 916: 915: 914: 903: 902: 901: 866: 865: 851: 850: 849: 829: 828: 809: 808: 789: 788: 760:fast battleships 739: 738: 693:fast battleships 663: 662: 661: 631: 630: 629: 575: 574: 558:Joint Exp. Force 550: 549: 525: 524: 523: 453: 452: 451: 430: 420: 419: 418: 411: 401: 400: 399: 393: 390: 384:Hiromichi Yahara 382: 381: 380: 372: 362: 361: 360: 353: 345:Mitsuru Ushijima 343: 342: 341: 331: 330: 329: 319: 318: 317: 311: 307: 306: 305: 295: 294: 293: 284: 283: 282: 276: 274: 264: 263: 262: 243: 242: 231: 229: 228: 222: 218: 216: 215: 205: 203: 202: 193: 191: 190: 181: 179: 178: 165: 163: 162: 132: 131: 129: 128: 127: 122: 118: 115: 114: 113: 110: 70: 69: 62: 33: 32: 15413: 15412: 15408: 15407: 15406: 15404: 15403: 15402: 15398:Itoman, Okinawa 15268: 15267: 15266: 15261: 15254: 15247: 15233: 15231: 15219: 15210: 15203: 15196: 15189: 15180: 15173: 15166: 15157: 15152:Atomic bombings 15150: 15143: 15136: 15129: 15122: 15113: 15106: 15099: 15092: 15085: 15078: 15071: 15064: 15057: 15050: 15043: 15036: 15029: 15022: 15015: 15008: 14995: 14988: 14977: 14970: 14963: 14954: 14947: 14940: 14933: 14926: 14919: 14910: 14901: 14894: 14885: 14878: 14871: 14864: 14855: 14848: 14843:Eastern Romania 14841: 14836:Warsaw Uprising 14834: 14829:Tannenberg Line 14827: 14820: 14815:Western Ukraine 14813: 14804: 14797: 14788: 14779: 14770: 14763: 14756: 14745: 14736: 14723: 14716: 14707: 14700: 14693: 14686: 14679: 14672: 14665: 14656: 14649: 14642: 14633: 14626: 14619: 14612: 14607:Battle of Kursk 14605: 14598: 14591: 14584: 14577: 14564: 14557: 14548: 14541: 14534: 14525: 14518: 14511: 14504: 14495: 14486: 14479: 14472: 14465: 14458: 14451: 14444: 14437: 14430: 14423: 14418:St Nazaire Raid 14416: 14409: 14402: 14389: 14382: 14375: 14368: 14361: 14354: 14347: 14340: 14333: 14326: 14319: 14312: 14305: 14298: 14291: 14284: 14277: 14270: 14263: 14256: 14242: 14233: 14226: 14219: 14212: 14205: 14200:Anglo-Iraqi War 14198: 14191:Battle of Crete 14189: 14182: 14175: 14168: 14161: 14148: 14139: 14132: 14125: 14120:Eastern Romania 14118: 14111: 14104: 14097: 14090: 14083: 14076: 14069: 14062: 14055: 14048: 14041: 14034: 14027: 14020: 14013: 14000: 13993: 13986: 13979: 13972: 13965: 13958: 13951: 13938: 13929: 13922: 13915: 13908: 13901: 13894: 13885: 13878: 13871: 13862: 13855: 13829: 13822: 13815: 13806: 13799: 13794: 13785: 13778: 13771: 13762: 13755: 13746: 13739: 13734: 13727: 13714: 13707: 13698: 13691: 13686: 13681:Western Ukraine 13679: 13672: 13665: 13658: 13651: 13644: 13637: 13630: 13625:Northeast China 13623: 13616: 13609: 13602: 13595: 13588: 13579: 13572: 13565: 13558: 13551: 13544: 13537: 13530: 13523: 13516: 13509: 13502: 13495: 13488: 13481: 13474: 13467: 13460: 13453: 13440: 13433: 13426: 13419: 13412: 13405: 13398: 13391: 13384: 13377: 13370: 13363: 13350: 13343: 13336: 13329: 13324:Slovak Republic 13322: 13314: 13307: 13300: 13295:Empire of Japan 13293: 13284: 13276: 13269: 13262: 13255: 13248: 13241: 13233: 13226: 13219: 13211: 13204: 13191: 13184: 13175: 13168: 13159: 13152: 13145: 13138: 13131: 13124: 13117: 13105: 13098: 13091: 13084: 13077: 13070: 13063: 13056: 13049: 13037: 13030: 13023: 13016: 13009: 12997: 12989: 12982: 12975: 12968: 12961: 12954: 12947: 12935: 12928: 12921: 12914: 12907: 12881: 12872: 12865: 12858: 12851: 12840: 12825: 12818: 12811: 12807:Sexual violence 12806: 12799: 12790: 12783: 12776: 12767: 12760: 12753: 12746: 12739: 12730: 12721: 12714: 12707: 12700: 12693: 12686: 12677: 12670: 12663: 12656: 12643: 12636: 12629: 12622: 12613: 12606: 12599: 12592: 12585: 12576: 12567: 12560: 12553: 12546: 12537: 12530: 12525:Greek Civil War 12523: 12516: 12509: 12502: 12495: 12488: 12481: 12468: 12461: 12452: 12445: 12438: 12429: 12422: 12415: 12408: 12399: 12392: 12385: 12376: 12369: 12362: 12355: 12350:South-East Asia 12348: 12341: 12334: 12321: 12314: 12307: 12300: 12293: 12286: 12279: 12272: 12263: 12256: 12249: 12242: 12235: 12228: 12221: 12214: 12209:Military awards 12207: 12198: 12191: 12184: 12175: 12168: 12161: 12154: 12147: 12140: 12133: 12126: 12119: 12112: 12103: 12096: 12076: 12069: 12062: 12053: 12046: 12039: 12034: 12025: 12018: 12011: 12003: 11998: 11926:Wayback Machine 11910:– slideshow by 11908:Wayback Machine 11867:Wayback Machine 11810: 11808: 11781: 11779: 11766: 11756: 11736: 11703: 11683: 11662: 11643: 11624: 11601: 11578: 11559: 11535: 11513: 11511: 11509: 11479: 11453: 11451: 11447: 11432: 11416: 11414: 11410: 11403: 11382: 11356: 11334: 11332: 11325: 11297: 11295: 11288: 11260: 11258: 11254: 11247: 11223: 11219: 11214: 11213: 11192: 11188: 11178: 11176: 11163: 11162: 11158: 11148: 11146: 11143:The Japan Times 11137: 11136: 11132: 11122: 11120: 11118:Arab News Japan 11112: 11111: 11107: 11097: 11095: 11086: 11085: 11081: 11071:Wayback Machine 11062: 11058: 11051: 11032: 11028: 11019:Wayback Machine 11010: 11006: 11000:Wayback Machine 10991: 10987: 10977: 10960: 10956: 10948: 10944: 10937: 10923: 10919: 10909: 10907: 10892: 10888: 10881: 10867: 10863: 10850: 10849: 10845: 10840: 10836: 10831: 10827: 10815: 10811: 10801:Wayback Machine 10792:Nayoki Himeno, 10791: 10787: 10768: 10764: 10754:Wayback Machine 10745: 10741: 10722: 10718: 10712:Wayback Machine 10703: 10699: 10679: 10675: 10664:Wayback Machine 10655: 10651: 10641: 10639: 10630: 10629: 10625: 10615: 10613: 10608:. Asianews.it. 10604:Gheddo, Piero. 10602: 10598: 10594:, 23 June 2007. 10586:4 June 2012 at 10579: 10575: 10565: 10563: 10548: 10544: 10537: 10523: 10519: 10509: 10507: 10492: 10488: 10478: 10476: 10461: 10457: 10453:, 1 April 2005. 10445:Wayback Machine 10436: 10432: 10422: 10420: 10411: 10410: 10406: 10396: 10394: 10387: 10371: 10367: 10357: 10355: 10348: 10332: 10328: 10318: 10316: 10309: 10293: 10289: 10279: 10277: 10264: 10263: 10259: 10249: 10247: 10232: 10228: 10218: 10216: 10207:Brooke, James. 10205: 10201: 10196: 10192: 10182: 10180: 10171: 10170: 10161: 10152: 10145: 10136: 10132: 10124: 10120: 10112: 10108: 10098: 10096: 10083: 10082: 10078: 10069: 10065: 10056: 10052: 10042: 10040: 10031: 10030: 10026: 10016: 10014: 10005: 10004: 10000: 9991: 9987: 9978: 9974: 9964: 9962: 9945: 9944: 9940: 9931: 9924: 9915: 9911: 9902: 9895: 9886: 9882: 9874: 9870: 9861: 9857: 9849: 9845: 9837: 9833: 9824: 9820: 9810: 9808: 9802:Navy Department 9790: 9789: 9785: 9776: 9772: 9762: 9760: 9755:. Ibiblio.org. 9751: 9750: 9746: 9740:Wayback Machine 9730: 9726: 9721: 9717: 9710: 9696: 9692: 9682: 9680: 9665: 9664: 9660: 9650: 9648: 9635: 9634: 9630: 9623: 9609: 9605: 9595: 9593: 9580: 9579: 9575: 9565: 9563: 9548: 9544: 9534: 9532: 9519: 9518: 9514: 9504: 9502: 9493: 9492: 9488: 9480: 9476: 9466: 9464: 9459: 9458: 9454: 9444: 9442: 9433: 9432: 9428: 9418: 9416: 9407: 9406: 9399: 9394: 9390: 9383: 9379: 9369: 9367: 9360: 9356: 9348: 9344: 9336: 9332: 9327: 9323: 9314: 9310: 9297: 9296: 9292: 9285: 9271: 9264: 9254: 9252: 9239: 9238: 9234: 9224: 9222: 9207: 9203: 9194: 9190: 9183: 9161: 9152: 9142: 9140: 9132: 9131: 9122: 9103: 9092: 9088:; 1 April 2005. 9082:Wayback Machine 9073: 9069: 9059: 9057: 9048: 9047: 9043: 9036: 9022: 9018: 9008: 9006: 8997: 8996: 8992: 8982: 8980: 8971: 8970: 8966: 8956: 8954: 8945: 8944: 8940: 8935: 8931: 8921: 8919: 8915: 8900: 8884: 8882: 8875: 8867: 8863: 8853: 8851: 8842: 8841: 8837: 8827: 8825: 8814: 8805: 8798: 8784: 8775: 8771:Appleman p. 489 8770: 8766: 8758: 8754: 8746: 8742: 8732: 8730: 8723: 8695: 8693: 8620: 8614:Wayback Machine 8605: 8601: 8592: 8588: 8580: 8573: 8565: 8561: 8556: 8552: 8544: 8540: 8532: 8528: 8520: 8516: 8508: 8504: 8494: 8492: 8483: 8482: 8478: 8473: 8469: 8461: 8457: 8449:{{cite web|url= 8448: 8444: 8436:{{cite web|url= 8435: 8431: 8423:{{cite web|url= 8422: 8418: 8411: 8397: 8390: 8382: 8378: 8368: 8366: 8357: 8356: 8352: 8347: 8343: 8333: 8331: 8322: 8321: 8317: 8312: 8307: 8302: 8301: 8296: 8292: 8287: 8283: 8278: 8274: 8269: 8265: 8259: 8255: 8250: 8246: 8241: 8237: 8231: 8227: 8218: 8214: 8209: 8205: 8199: 8195: 8190: 8122:Josef R. Sheetz 8103: 8091: 8082: 8034: 8007:Operation Zebra 7955: 7940:murder-suicides 7905: 7899: 7783: 7761: 7734: 7732:Japanese losses 7456:Escort carrier 7246:Josiah Snelling 6175:Escort Carrier 4214:Escort Carrier 3549: 3548: 3547: 3537: 3536: 3535: 3431: 3373:John W. Meagher 3275: 3261:Richard E. Bush 3253: 3134: 3129: 3127:Military losses 3086: 3041:Joseph Stilwell 2950:26.222; 127.696 2949: 2947: 2943: 2940: 2935: 2932: 2930: 2928: 2927: 2913: 2911: 2907: 2904: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2892: 2891: 2857:Cape Gloucester 2847:, commander of 2761:26.259; 127.737 2760: 2758: 2754: 2751: 2746: 2743: 2741: 2739: 2738: 2667: 2561: 2517:The battleship 2511: 2504: 2489: 2480: 2455: 2423: 2405: 2399:torpedo bombers 2362: 2355: 2339: 2330: 2321: 2309:suicide attacks 2286:Fifth Air Force 2224: 2217: 2206: 2139: 2046:Ryukyuan people 2036:and some 9,000 2027: 2000:transport ships 1996:escort carriers 1931: 1926: 1920: 1914: 1912:Order of battle 1831:Kadena Air Base 1760: 1754: 1753: 1752: 1747: 1739: 1651:Mariana Islands 1524:Solomon Islands 1493:Burma (1944–45) 1483:Burma (1942–43) 1478:Burma (1941–42) 1471:Burma and India 1403:Franco-Thai War 1350:Andaman Islands 1277:Central Pacific 1268: 1263: 1261: 1231: 1226: 1194: 1189: 1187: 1185: 1151: 1150: 1149: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1141: 1140: 1139: 1122: 1121: 1120: 1117: 1116: 1114: 1108: 1107: 1106: 1078: 1076: 1074: 1072: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1053: 1051: 1045: 1043: 1037: 1027: 1022: 1020: 1018: 1016: 1014: 1012: 1005: 990: 982: 980: 979: 972: 967: 959: 954: 952: 946: 936: 920: 917:Ground Forces 912: 910: 899: 897: 860: 855: 847: 845: 823: 803: 783: 754:escort carriers 733: 686:escort carriers 659: 657: 627: 625: 624: 569: 568: 544: 521: 519: 518: 449: 447: 446: 426: 416: 414: 413: 407: 397: 395: 394: 378: 376: 375: 374: 368: 358: 356: 355: 349: 339: 337: 327: 325: 323: 315: 313: 312: 303: 301: 300: 299: 291: 289: 288: 280: 278: 277: 270: 260: 258: 257: 237: 226: 224: 223: 213: 211: 209: 200: 198: 197: 188: 186: 185: 176: 174: 173: 169: 160: 158: 157: 125: 123: 119: 116: 111: 108: 106: 104: 103: 102: 100:Empire of Japan 77: 63: 47:Pacific Theater 27: 17: 12: 11: 5: 15411: 15401: 15400: 15395: 15390: 15385: 15380: 15375: 15370: 15365: 15360: 15355: 15350: 15345: 15340: 15335: 15330: 15325: 15320: 15318:Japan campaign 15315: 15310: 15305: 15300: 15295: 15290: 15285: 15280: 15263: 15262: 15260: 15259: 15252: 15245: 15228: 15225: 15224: 15221: 15220: 15218: 15217: 15216: 15215: 15208: 15201: 15187: 15186: 15185: 15171: 15168:South Sakhalin 15164: 15163: 15162: 15148: 15141: 15134: 15127: 15120: 15119: 15118: 15104: 15097: 15090: 15083: 15076: 15069: 15062: 15055: 15048: 15041: 15034: 15027: 15020: 15013: 15005: 15003: 14997: 14996: 14994: 14993: 14986: 14985: 14984: 14968: 14961: 14960: 14959: 14945: 14938: 14931: 14924: 14917: 14908: 14899: 14892: 14883: 14876: 14869: 14862: 14853: 14846: 14839: 14832: 14825: 14818: 14811: 14802: 14795: 14786: 14777: 14768: 14761: 14754: 14743: 14733: 14731: 14725: 14724: 14722: 14721: 14714: 14713: 14712: 14705: 14691: 14684: 14677: 14670: 14663: 14662: 14661: 14647: 14640: 14631: 14624: 14617: 14610: 14603: 14596: 14593:Battle of Attu 14589: 14582: 14574: 14572: 14566: 14565: 14563: 14562: 14555: 14546: 14539: 14532: 14523: 14516: 14509: 14502: 14493: 14492: 14491: 14484: 14470: 14463: 14456: 14449: 14442: 14435: 14428: 14421: 14414: 14407: 14399: 14397: 14391: 14390: 14388: 14387: 14380: 14373: 14366: 14359: 14352: 14345: 14342:Battle of Guam 14338: 14331: 14324: 14317: 14310: 14303: 14296: 14289: 14282: 14275: 14268: 14265:Battle of Kiev 14261: 14254: 14240: 14239: 14238: 14224: 14217: 14210: 14203: 14196: 14195: 14194: 14180: 14173: 14166: 14158: 14156: 14150: 14149: 14147: 14146: 14137: 14130: 14123: 14116: 14109: 14102: 14095: 14088: 14081: 14074: 14067: 14060: 14053: 14046: 14039: 14032: 14025: 14018: 14010: 14008: 14002: 14001: 13999: 13998: 13991: 13984: 13977: 13970: 13963: 13956: 13948: 13946: 13940: 13939: 13937: 13936: 13935: 13934: 13927: 13920: 13913: 13906: 13892: 13891: 13890: 13883: 13869: 13868: 13867: 13852: 13850: 13841: 13835: 13834: 13831: 13830: 13828: 13827: 13820: 13813: 13812: 13811: 13804: 13792: 13791: 13790: 13776: 13769: 13768: 13767: 13764:United Kingdom 13760: 13753: 13752: 13751: 13732: 13724: 13722: 13716: 13715: 13713: 13712: 13705: 13704: 13703: 13696: 13684: 13677: 13670: 13663: 13656: 13649: 13642: 13635: 13628: 13621: 13614: 13607: 13600: 13593: 13586: 13585: 13584: 13577: 13563: 13556: 13549: 13542: 13535: 13528: 13521: 13514: 13507: 13500: 13493: 13486: 13479: 13472: 13465: 13458: 13450: 13448: 13442: 13441: 13439: 13438: 13431: 13424: 13417: 13410: 13403: 13396: 13389: 13382: 13375: 13368: 13360: 13358: 13352: 13351: 13349: 13348: 13341: 13334: 13327: 13320: 13312: 13305: 13298: 13291: 13290: 13289: 13274: 13267: 13260: 13253: 13246: 13239: 13231: 13224: 13217: 13209: 13201: 13199: 13193: 13192: 13190: 13189: 13182: 13181: 13180: 13166: 13165: 13164: 13161:British Empire 13154:United Kingdom 13150: 13143: 13136: 13129: 13122: 13115: 13103: 13096: 13089: 13082: 13075: 13068: 13061: 13054: 13047: 13035: 13028: 13021: 13014: 13007: 12995: 12987: 12980: 12973: 12970:Czechoslovakia 12966: 12959: 12952: 12945: 12933: 12926: 12919: 12912: 12904: 12902: 12893: 12887: 12886: 12883: 12882: 12880: 12879: 12878: 12877: 12870: 12867:Rape of Manila 12863: 12856: 12849: 12838: 12823: 12816: 12804: 12797: 12796: 12795: 12788: 12774: 12773: 12772: 12765: 12758: 12744: 12737: 12736: 12735: 12728: 12727: 12726: 12719: 12705: 12698: 12684: 12683: 12682: 12675: 12668: 12653: 12651: 12645: 12644: 12642: 12641: 12638:United Nations 12634: 12627: 12620: 12619: 12618: 12611: 12604: 12597: 12583: 12574: 12565: 12558: 12551: 12544: 12535: 12528: 12521: 12514: 12507: 12500: 12497:Decolonization 12493: 12486: 12478: 12476: 12470: 12469: 12467: 12466: 12459: 12458: 12457: 12443: 12436: 12435: 12434: 12427: 12420: 12406: 12405: 12404: 12397: 12383: 12382: 12381: 12374: 12367: 12360: 12353: 12346: 12331: 12329: 12323: 12322: 12320: 12319: 12312: 12305: 12298: 12291: 12284: 12277: 12270: 12269: 12268: 12261: 12247: 12240: 12233: 12226: 12219: 12212: 12205: 12204: 12203: 12189: 12182: 12181: 12180: 12173: 12170:United Kingdom 12166: 12152: 12145: 12138: 12131: 12124: 12117: 12110: 12109: 12108: 12093: 12091: 12082: 12078: 12077: 12075: 12074: 12067: 12060: 12059: 12058: 12051: 12044: 12032: 12031: 12030: 12016: 12008: 12005: 12004: 11997: 11996: 11989: 11982: 11974: 11968: 11967: 11955: 11942: 11929: 11916: 11898: 11889: 11884: 11879: 11874: 11869: 11857: 11847: 11837: 11827: 11817: 11788: 11765: 11764:External links 11762: 11761: 11760: 11755:978-1846030918 11754: 11741: 11734: 11721: 11707: 11702:978-0743292467 11701: 11688: 11681: 11666: 11660: 11647: 11641: 11628: 11622: 11605: 11600:978-0307263513 11599: 11582: 11576: 11563: 11558:978-0679414247 11557: 11539: 11533: 11520: 11507: 11492: 11483: 11477: 11460: 11423: 11394: 11380: 11360: 11355:978-1783469222 11354: 11341: 11323: 11304: 11286: 11267: 11237: 11236: 11218: 11215: 11212: 11211: 11186: 11156: 11145:. 23 June 2024 11130: 11105: 11094:on 6 June 2012 11079: 11056: 11050:978-0674022416 11049: 11026: 11004: 10985: 10976:978-0713999129 10975: 10954: 10952:, p. 331. 10942: 10936:978-0826215628 10935: 10917: 10886: 10879: 10861: 10843: 10834: 10825: 10809: 10807:, 24 May 2012. 10785: 10762: 10739: 10716: 10697: 10673: 10668:Herald Tribune 10649: 10623: 10596: 10573: 10542: 10535: 10517: 10486: 10455: 10430: 10404: 10386:978-1461637929 10385: 10365: 10347:978-0824823009 10346: 10326: 10308:978-0415191944 10307: 10287: 10257: 10226: 10199: 10190: 10159: 10143: 10130: 10118: 10106: 10076: 10063: 10050: 10024: 9998: 9985: 9972: 9938: 9922: 9909: 9893: 9880: 9868: 9855: 9843: 9831: 9818: 9783: 9770: 9744: 9724: 9715: 9709:978-0723003175 9708: 9690: 9658: 9628: 9621: 9603: 9573: 9542: 9512: 9486: 9474: 9452: 9426: 9415:on 4 July 2009 9397: 9388: 9377: 9354: 9342: 9330: 9321: 9308: 9290: 9284:978-0804180955 9283: 9262: 9232: 9201: 9188: 9181: 9150: 9120: 9090: 9067: 9041: 9034: 9016: 8990: 8964: 8938: 8929: 8873: 8861: 8835: 8803: 8797:978-1591143161 8796: 8773: 8764: 8752: 8740: 8721: 8618: 8599: 8586: 8571: 8559: 8550: 8538: 8526: 8514: 8502: 8476: 8467: 8455: 8442: 8429: 8416: 8410:978-0143195085 8409: 8388: 8376: 8350: 8341: 8314: 8313: 8311: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8300: 8299: 8290: 8281: 8272: 8263: 8253: 8244: 8235: 8225: 8212: 8203: 8192: 8191: 8189: 8186: 8185: 8184: 8179: 8174: 8169: 8164: 8159: 8154: 8149: 8144: 8139: 8134: 8129: 8124: 8119: 8114: 8109: 8102: 8099: 8090: 8089:Modern US base 8087: 8081: 8078: 8033: 8030: 7954: 7951: 7898: 7895: 7865:Teruto Tsubota 7779:Main article: 7760: 7757: 7733: 7730: 7727: 7726: 7723: 7720: 7716: 7715: 7712: 7709: 7706: 7703: 7695: 7691: 7690: 7687: 7684: 7681: 7678: 7669: 7665: 7664: 7661: 7658: 7655: 7652: 7646: 7642: 7641: 7638: 7635: 7632: 7629: 7623: 7619: 7618: 7615: 7612: 7605: 7602: 7596: 7592: 7591: 7588: 7585: 7582: 7579: 7571: 7567: 7566: 7563: 7560: 7557: 7554: 7546: 7542: 7541: 7538: 7535: 7532: 7529: 7520: 7516: 7515: 7512: 7509: 7506: 7505:Landing Craft 7503: 7497: 7493: 7492: 7489: 7486: 7483: 7480: 7471: 7467: 7466: 7463: 7460: 7457: 7454: 7446: 7442: 7441: 7438: 7435: 7433:superstructure 7429: 7426: 7423:Harry F. Bauer 7418: 7414: 7413: 7410: 7407: 7404: 7401: 7392: 7388: 7387: 7384: 7381: 7378: 7375: 7367: 7363: 7362: 7359: 7356: 7353: 7350: 7342: 7338: 7337: 7334: 7331: 7328: 7325: 7316: 7312: 7311: 7308: 7305: 7302: 7299: 7291: 7287: 7286: 7283: 7280: 7277: 7274: 7266: 7262: 7261: 7258: 7255: 7252: 7249: 7241: 7237: 7236: 7233: 7230: 7227: 7224: 7216: 7212: 7211: 7208: 7205: 7202: 7199: 7191: 7187: 7186: 7183: 7180: 7177: 7174: 7165: 7161: 7160: 7157: 7154: 7151: 7150:Landing Craft 7148: 7143: 7139: 7138: 7135: 7132: 7129: 7126: 7118: 7114: 7113: 7110: 7107: 7104: 7101: 7093: 7089: 7088: 7085: 7082: 7079: 7076: 7067: 7063: 7062: 7059: 7056: 7053: 7050: 7042: 7038: 7037: 7034: 7031: 7029:Nakagusuku Wan 7025: 7022: 7007: 7003: 7002: 6999: 6996: 6993: 6990: 6984: 6980: 6979: 6976: 6973: 6970: 6967: 6959: 6955: 6954: 6951: 6948: 6945: 6942: 6933: 6929: 6928: 6925: 6922: 6919: 6916: 6907: 6903: 6902: 6899: 6896: 6893: 6890: 6881: 6877: 6876: 6873: 6870: 6867: 6864: 6856: 6852: 6851: 6848: 6845: 6842: 6839: 6831: 6827: 6826: 6823: 6820: 6817: 6814: 6806: 6802: 6801: 6798: 6795: 6792: 6789: 6786:John C. Butler 6780: 6776: 6775: 6772: 6769: 6766: 6763: 6754: 6750: 6749: 6746: 6743: 6740: 6737: 6728: 6724: 6723: 6720: 6717: 6714: 6711: 6705: 6701: 6700: 6697: 6694: 6691: 6688: 6679: 6675: 6674: 6671: 6668: 6665: 6662: 6659:Douglas H. Fox 6654: 6650: 6649: 6646: 6643: 6640: 6637: 6629: 6625: 6624: 6621: 6618: 6615: 6612: 6604: 6600: 6599: 6596: 6593: 6590: 6587: 6579: 6575: 6574: 6571: 6568: 6565: 6562: 6554: 6550: 6549: 6546: 6543: 6540: 6539:Landing Craft 6537: 6531: 6527: 6526: 6523: 6520: 6517: 6514: 6505: 6501: 6500: 6497: 6494: 6487: 6484: 6481:Hugh W. Hadley 6475: 6471: 6470: 6467: 6464: 6461: 6458: 6450: 6446: 6445: 6442: 6439: 6436: 6433: 6424: 6420: 6419: 6416: 6413: 6410: 6407: 6398: 6394: 6393: 6390: 6387: 6384: 6381: 6372: 6368: 6367: 6364: 6361: 6358: 6355: 6346: 6342: 6341: 6338: 6335: 6332: 6329: 6321: 6317: 6316: 6313: 6310: 6303: 6300: 6292: 6288: 6287: 6284: 6281: 6278: 6275: 6266: 6262: 6261: 6258: 6255: 6252: 6249: 6240: 6236: 6235: 6232: 6229: 6226: 6223: 6215: 6211: 6210: 6207: 6204: 6201: 6200:Light Cruiser 6198: 6190: 6186: 6185: 6182: 6179: 6176: 6173: 6164: 6160: 6159: 6156: 6153: 6150: 6147: 6139: 6135: 6134: 6131: 6128: 6125: 6122: 6113: 6109: 6108: 6105: 6102: 6099: 6096: 6088: 6084: 6083: 6080: 6077: 6074: 6071: 6062: 6058: 6057: 6054: 6051: 6048: 6045: 6036: 6032: 6031: 6028: 6025: 6022: 6019: 6011: 6007: 6006: 6003: 6000: 5997: 5996:Landing Craft 5994: 5988: 5984: 5983: 5980: 5977: 5974: 5971: 5963: 5959: 5958: 5955: 5952: 5949: 5946: 5937: 5933: 5932: 5929: 5926: 5923: 5922:Hospital Ship 5920: 5912: 5908: 5907: 5904: 5901: 5898: 5895: 5887: 5883: 5882: 5879: 5876: 5873: 5870: 5867:Canada Victory 5861: 5857: 5856: 5853: 5850: 5847: 5844: 5835: 5831: 5830: 5827: 5824: 5821: 5818: 5809: 5805: 5804: 5801: 5798: 5795: 5794:Landing Craft 5792: 5783: 5779: 5778: 5775: 5772: 5769: 5768:Small Sweeper 5766: 5757: 5753: 5752: 5749: 5746: 5743: 5740: 5732: 5728: 5727: 5724: 5721: 5718: 5715: 5709: 5705: 5704: 5701: 5698: 5695: 5692: 5684: 5680: 5679: 5676: 5673: 5670: 5669:Landing Craft 5667: 5661: 5657: 5656: 5653: 5650: 5647: 5644: 5636: 5632: 5631: 5628: 5625: 5622: 5619: 5610: 5606: 5605: 5602: 5599: 5596: 5593: 5585: 5581: 5580: 5577: 5574: 5571: 5568: 5559: 5555: 5554: 5551: 5548: 5545: 5542: 5534: 5530: 5529: 5526: 5523: 5520: 5517: 5509: 5505: 5504: 5501: 5498: 5495: 5492: 5484: 5480: 5479: 5476: 5473: 5470: 5467: 5459: 5455: 5454: 5451: 5448: 5445: 5444:Landing Craft 5442: 5436: 5432: 5431: 5428: 5425: 5422: 5421:Landing Craft 5419: 5413: 5409: 5408: 5405: 5402: 5399: 5396: 5388: 5384: 5383: 5380: 5377: 5374: 5371: 5363: 5359: 5358: 5355: 5352: 5349: 5346: 5338: 5334: 5333: 5330: 5327: 5324: 5321: 5313: 5309: 5308: 5305: 5302: 5299: 5296: 5288: 5284: 5283: 5280: 5277: 5274: 5271: 5263: 5259: 5258: 5255: 5252: 5249: 5246: 5238: 5234: 5233: 5230: 5227: 5224: 5221: 5212: 5208: 5207: 5204: 5201: 5198: 5195: 5187: 5183: 5182: 5179: 5176: 5173: 5170: 5162: 5158: 5157: 5154: 5151: 5148: 5145: 5137: 5133: 5132: 5129: 5126: 5123: 5120: 5112: 5108: 5107: 5104: 5101: 5098: 5095: 5087: 5083: 5082: 5079: 5076: 5070: 5067: 5059: 5055: 5054: 5051: 5048: 5045: 5042: 5034: 5030: 5029: 5026: 5023: 5020: 5017: 5009: 5005: 5004: 5001: 4998: 4995: 4994:Small Sweeper 4992: 4986: 4982: 4981: 4978: 4975: 4972: 4969: 4961: 4957: 4956: 4953: 4950: 4943: 4937: 4931: 4927: 4926: 4923: 4920: 4917: 4916:Small Gunboat 4914: 4905: 4901: 4900: 4897: 4894: 4891: 4888: 4880: 4876: 4875: 4872: 4869: 4866: 4863: 4855: 4851: 4850: 4847: 4844: 4841: 4838: 4830: 4826: 4825: 4822: 4819: 4816: 4813: 4805: 4801: 4800: 4797: 4794: 4791: 4788: 4779: 4775: 4774: 4771: 4768: 4765: 4762: 4753: 4749: 4748: 4745: 4742: 4739: 4736: 4727: 4723: 4722: 4719: 4716: 4713: 4710: 4702: 4698: 4697: 4694: 4691: 4688: 4685: 4677: 4673: 4672: 4669: 4666: 4663: 4660: 4651: 4647: 4646: 4643: 4640: 4637: 4634: 4626: 4622: 4621: 4618: 4615: 4612: 4609: 4600: 4596: 4595: 4592: 4589: 4586: 4583: 4575: 4571: 4570: 4567: 4564: 4561: 4558: 4549: 4545: 4544: 4541: 4538: 4535: 4532: 4524: 4520: 4519: 4516: 4513: 4510: 4507: 4498: 4494: 4493: 4490: 4487: 4484: 4481: 4472: 4468: 4467: 4464: 4461: 4458: 4455: 4447: 4443: 4442: 4439: 4436: 4433: 4430: 4422: 4418: 4417: 4414: 4411: 4408: 4405: 4396: 4392: 4391: 4388: 4385: 4382: 4379: 4370: 4366: 4365: 4362: 4359: 4356: 4353: 4345: 4341: 4340: 4337: 4334: 4331: 4328: 4322: 4318: 4317: 4314: 4311: 4308: 4305: 4299: 4295: 4294: 4291: 4288: 4285: 4282: 4279: 4275: 4274: 4271: 4268: 4265: 4262: 4254: 4250: 4249: 4246: 4243: 4240: 4237: 4229: 4225: 4224: 4221: 4218: 4215: 4212: 4204: 4200: 4199: 4196: 4193: 4190: 4187: 4179: 4175: 4174: 4171: 4168: 4165: 4162: 4154: 4150: 4149: 4146: 4143: 4140: 4137: 4129: 4125: 4124: 4121: 4118: 4115: 4112: 4103: 4099: 4098: 4095: 4092: 4089: 4086: 4078: 4074: 4073: 4070: 4067: 4064: 4061: 4053: 4049: 4048: 4045: 4042: 4039: 4036: 4028: 4024: 4023: 4020: 4017: 4014: 4011: 4002: 3998: 3997: 3994: 3991: 3988: 3985: 3977: 3973: 3972: 3969: 3966: 3963: 3960: 3952: 3948: 3947: 3944: 3941: 3935: 3932: 3924: 3920: 3919: 3916: 3913: 3910: 3907: 3899: 3895: 3894: 3891: 3888: 3885: 3882: 3874: 3870: 3869: 3866: 3863: 3860: 3857: 3849: 3845: 3844: 3841: 3838: 3831: 3828: 3819: 3815: 3814: 3811: 3808: 3801: 3798: 3790: 3786: 3785: 3782: 3779: 3776: 3773: 3765: 3761: 3760: 3757: 3754: 3751: 3748: 3740: 3736: 3735: 3732: 3729: 3722: 3719: 3710: 3706: 3705: 3702: 3699: 3696: 3693: 3685: 3681: 3680: 3677: 3674: 3671: 3668: 3660: 3656: 3655: 3652: 3649: 3646: 3643: 3635: 3631: 3630: 3627: 3624: 3621: 3618: 3610: 3606: 3605: 3602: 3599: 3596: 3593: 3585: 3581: 3580: 3577: 3574: 3571: 3568: 3565: 3430: 3427: 3426: 3425: 3419: 3416:Fred F. Lester 3413: 3407: 3395: 3394: 3388: 3382: 3376: 3370: 3364: 3358: 3352: 3346: 3340: 3328: 3327: 3321: 3315: 3309: 3303: 3300:Dale M. Hansen 3297: 3291: 3285: 3279: 3264: 3233:combat fatigue 3133: 3130: 3128: 3125: 3085: 3082: 2802:reverse slopes 2689:on 8 May 1945. 2666: 2663: 2617:headed up the 2560: 2557: 2534:Kerama Islands 2510: 2507: 2506: 2505: 2490: 2483: 2481: 2460:Fleet Air Arm 2456: 2449: 2422: 2419: 2369:Ten-gō sakusen 2361: 2358: 2357: 2356: 2340: 2333: 2331: 2322: 2315: 2280:, then called 2227:The US Navy's 2215: 2205: 2202: 2157:service as an 2138: 2135: 2097:chief of staff 2088:62nd Divisions 2026: 2023: 1992:light carriers 1988:fleet carriers 1930: 1927: 1916:Main article: 1913: 1910: 1823:island hopping 1815:Kerama Islands 1749: 1748: 1738: 1737: 1732: 1731: 1730: 1720: 1712: 1711: 1705: 1704: 1699: 1692: 1691: 1690: 1680: 1678:South Sakhalin 1675: 1670: 1665: 1658: 1653: 1648: 1647: 1646: 1641: 1636: 1631: 1620: 1619: 1613: 1612: 1605: 1600: 1595: 1590: 1585: 1580: 1575: 1569: 1568: 1562: 1561: 1556: 1551: 1546: 1541: 1536: 1531: 1526: 1521: 1514: 1509: 1503: 1502: 1496: 1495: 1490: 1485: 1480: 1474: 1473: 1467: 1466: 1461: 1454: 1447: 1440: 1435: 1433:Malacca Strait 1430: 1425: 1420: 1415: 1410: 1405: 1400: 1394: 1393: 1391:Southeast Asia 1387: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1375: 1374: 1364: 1359: 1358: 1357: 1347: 1341: 1340: 1334: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1301:Doolittle Raid 1298: 1291: 1286: 1280: 1279: 1273: 1270: 1269: 1260: 1259: 1252: 1245: 1237: 1228: 1227: 1225: 1224: 1217: 1210: 1205: 1199: 1196: 1195: 1184: 1183: 1176: 1169: 1161: 1153: 1152: 1142: 1133: 1132: 1126: 1125: 1124: 1123: 1110: 1109: 1100: 1099: 1093: 1092: 1091: 1090: 1089: 1086: 1085: 1081: 1080: 1025: 998:fleet carriers 932: 931: 927: 926: 893: 892: 889: 883: 877: 857: 852:Ground Forces 841: 840: 821: 820: 818:light Cruisers 801: 800: 781: 780: 774: 768: 766:light cruisers 762: 756: 750: 748:fleet carriers 731: 730: 724: 717: 714:light cruisers 710: 707:heavy cruisers 703: 696: 689: 682: 679:light carriers 675: 672:fleet carriers 653: 652: 648: 647: 646: 645: 635:Combined Fleet 618: 617: 614: 611: 608: 605: 599: 594: 589: 561: 560: 559: 556: 555: 554: 542: 536:Task Force 50 512: 511: 510: 509: 504: 499: 494: 484: 483: 482: 477: 472: 438: 437: 436:Units involved 433: 432: 335: 253: 252: 248: 247: 235: 195:United Kingdom 155:Ground forces: 151: 150: 146: 145: 142: 141: 140:Allied victory 138: 134: 133: 96:Ryukyu Islands 88:Okinawa Island 86: 84: 80: 79: 74: 66: 65: 55: 54: 38: 37: 31: 30: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 15410: 15399: 15396: 15394: 15391: 15389: 15386: 15384: 15381: 15379: 15376: 15374: 15371: 15369: 15366: 15364: 15361: 15359: 15356: 15354: 15351: 15349: 15346: 15344: 15341: 15339: 15336: 15334: 15331: 15329: 15326: 15324: 15321: 15319: 15316: 15314: 15311: 15309: 15306: 15304: 15301: 15299: 15296: 15294: 15291: 15289: 15286: 15284: 15283:1945 in Japan 15281: 15279: 15276: 15275: 15273: 15257: 15253: 15250: 15246: 15243: 15242: 15237: 15230: 15229: 15226: 15213: 15209: 15206: 15202: 15199: 15195: 15194: 15192: 15188: 15183: 15179: 15178: 15176: 15175:Kuril Islands 15172: 15169: 15165: 15160: 15156: 15155: 15153: 15149: 15146: 15142: 15139: 15135: 15132: 15128: 15125: 15121: 15116: 15112: 15111: 15109: 15105: 15102: 15098: 15095: 15091: 15088: 15084: 15081: 15077: 15074: 15070: 15067: 15063: 15060: 15056: 15053: 15049: 15046: 15042: 15039: 15035: 15032: 15028: 15025: 15021: 15018: 15014: 15011: 15007: 15006: 15004: 15002: 14998: 14991: 14987: 14982: 14981: 14976: 14975: 14973: 14969: 14966: 14962: 14957: 14953: 14952: 14950: 14946: 14943: 14942:Syrmian Front 14939: 14936: 14932: 14929: 14925: 14922: 14918: 14915: 14914: 14909: 14906: 14905: 14900: 14897: 14893: 14890: 14889: 14888:Market Garden 14884: 14881: 14877: 14874: 14870: 14867: 14863: 14860: 14859: 14854: 14851: 14847: 14844: 14840: 14837: 14833: 14830: 14826: 14823: 14819: 14816: 14812: 14809: 14808: 14803: 14800: 14796: 14793: 14792: 14787: 14784: 14783: 14778: 14775: 14774: 14769: 14766: 14762: 14759: 14755: 14752: 14748: 14747:Monte Cassino 14744: 14741: 14740: 14735: 14734: 14732: 14730: 14726: 14719: 14715: 14710: 14706: 14703: 14699: 14698: 14696: 14692: 14689: 14685: 14682: 14678: 14675: 14671: 14668: 14664: 14659: 14655: 14654: 14652: 14648: 14645: 14641: 14638: 14637: 14632: 14629: 14625: 14622: 14618: 14615: 14611: 14608: 14604: 14601: 14597: 14594: 14590: 14587: 14583: 14580: 14576: 14575: 14573: 14571: 14567: 14560: 14556: 14553: 14552: 14547: 14544: 14540: 14537: 14533: 14530: 14529: 14524: 14521: 14517: 14514: 14510: 14507: 14503: 14500: 14499: 14494: 14489: 14485: 14482: 14478: 14477: 14475: 14471: 14468: 14464: 14461: 14457: 14454: 14450: 14447: 14443: 14440: 14436: 14433: 14429: 14426: 14422: 14419: 14415: 14412: 14408: 14405: 14401: 14400: 14398: 14396: 14392: 14385: 14381: 14378: 14374: 14371: 14367: 14364: 14360: 14357: 14353: 14350: 14346: 14343: 14339: 14336: 14332: 14329: 14325: 14322: 14318: 14315: 14311: 14308: 14304: 14301: 14297: 14294: 14290: 14287: 14283: 14280: 14276: 14273: 14269: 14266: 14262: 14259: 14255: 14251: 14250: 14245: 14241: 14236: 14232: 14231: 14229: 14225: 14222: 14218: 14215: 14211: 14208: 14204: 14201: 14197: 14192: 14188: 14187: 14185: 14181: 14178: 14174: 14171: 14167: 14164: 14160: 14159: 14157: 14155: 14151: 14144: 14143: 14138: 14135: 14131: 14128: 14124: 14121: 14117: 14114: 14113:Baltic states 14110: 14107: 14103: 14100: 14096: 14093: 14089: 14086: 14082: 14079: 14075: 14072: 14068: 14065: 14061: 14058: 14054: 14051: 14047: 14044: 14040: 14037: 14033: 14030: 14026: 14023: 14019: 14016: 14012: 14011: 14009: 14007: 14003: 13996: 13992: 13989: 13985: 13982: 13978: 13975: 13971: 13968: 13964: 13961: 13957: 13954: 13950: 13949: 13947: 13945: 13941: 13932: 13928: 13925: 13921: 13918: 13914: 13911: 13907: 13904: 13900: 13899: 13897: 13893: 13888: 13884: 13881: 13877: 13876: 13874: 13870: 13865: 13861: 13860: 13858: 13854: 13853: 13851: 13849: 13845: 13842: 13840: 13836: 13825: 13821: 13818: 13814: 13809: 13805: 13802: 13798: 13797: 13793: 13788: 13784: 13783: 13781: 13777: 13774: 13770: 13765: 13761: 13758: 13757:United States 13754: 13749: 13745: 13744: 13742: 13738: 13737: 13733: 13730: 13726: 13725: 13723: 13721: 13717: 13710: 13706: 13701: 13697: 13694: 13693:Quốc dân Đảng 13690: 13689: 13685: 13682: 13678: 13675: 13671: 13668: 13664: 13661: 13657: 13654: 13650: 13647: 13643: 13640: 13636: 13633: 13629: 13626: 13622: 13619: 13615: 13612: 13608: 13605: 13601: 13598: 13594: 13591: 13587: 13582: 13578: 13575: 13571: 13570: 13568: 13564: 13561: 13557: 13554: 13550: 13547: 13543: 13540: 13536: 13533: 13529: 13526: 13522: 13519: 13515: 13512: 13508: 13505: 13501: 13498: 13494: 13491: 13487: 13484: 13480: 13477: 13473: 13470: 13466: 13463: 13459: 13456: 13452: 13451: 13449: 13447: 13443: 13436: 13432: 13429: 13425: 13422: 13418: 13415: 13411: 13408: 13404: 13401: 13397: 13394: 13393:Liechtenstein 13390: 13387: 13383: 13380: 13376: 13373: 13369: 13366: 13362: 13361: 13359: 13357: 13353: 13346: 13345:Collaboration 13342: 13339: 13335: 13332: 13328: 13325: 13321: 13317: 13313: 13310: 13306: 13303: 13299: 13296: 13292: 13287: 13283: 13282: 13279: 13275: 13272: 13268: 13265: 13261: 13258: 13254: 13251: 13247: 13244: 13240: 13236: 13232: 13229: 13225: 13222: 13218: 13214: 13210: 13207: 13203: 13202: 13200: 13198: 13194: 13187: 13183: 13178: 13174: 13173: 13171: 13170:United States 13167: 13162: 13158: 13157: 13155: 13151: 13148: 13144: 13141: 13137: 13134: 13130: 13127: 13123: 13120: 13116: 13112: 13108: 13104: 13101: 13097: 13094: 13090: 13087: 13083: 13080: 13076: 13073: 13069: 13066: 13062: 13059: 13055: 13052: 13048: 13044: 13040: 13036: 13033: 13029: 13026: 13022: 13019: 13015: 13012: 13008: 13004: 13000: 12996: 12992: 12988: 12985: 12981: 12978: 12974: 12971: 12967: 12964: 12960: 12957: 12953: 12950: 12946: 12942: 12938: 12934: 12931: 12927: 12924: 12920: 12917: 12913: 12910: 12906: 12905: 12903: 12901: 12897: 12894: 12892: 12888: 12875: 12871: 12868: 12864: 12861: 12860:Comfort women 12857: 12854: 12850: 12847: 12844: / 12843: 12839: 12836: 12833: / 12832: 12829: / 12828: 12824: 12821: 12820:Camp brothels 12817: 12814: 12810: 12809: 12805: 12802: 12798: 12793: 12789: 12786: 12782: 12781: 12779: 12775: 12770: 12766: 12763: 12759: 12756: 12752: 12751: 12749: 12745: 12742: 12738: 12733: 12729: 12724: 12720: 12717: 12713: 12712: 12710: 12709:The Holocaust 12706: 12703: 12699: 12696: 12695:forced labour 12692: 12691: 12689: 12685: 12680: 12676: 12673: 12669: 12666: 12662: 12661: 12659: 12655: 12654: 12652: 12650: 12646: 12639: 12635: 12632: 12628: 12625: 12621: 12616: 12612: 12609: 12605: 12602: 12598: 12595: 12591: 12590: 12588: 12584: 12581: 12580: 12575: 12572: 12571: 12566: 12563: 12559: 12556: 12552: 12549: 12548:Marshall Plan 12545: 12542: 12541: 12536: 12533: 12529: 12526: 12522: 12519: 12515: 12512: 12508: 12505: 12501: 12498: 12494: 12491: 12487: 12484: 12480: 12479: 12477: 12475: 12471: 12464: 12460: 12455: 12451: 12450: 12448: 12444: 12441: 12437: 12432: 12428: 12425: 12421: 12418: 12414: 12413: 12411: 12407: 12402: 12401:Eastern Front 12398: 12395: 12394:Western Front 12391: 12390: 12388: 12384: 12379: 12375: 12372: 12368: 12365: 12361: 12358: 12354: 12351: 12347: 12344: 12340: 12339: 12337: 12333: 12332: 12330: 12328: 12324: 12317: 12313: 12310: 12306: 12303: 12299: 12296: 12292: 12289: 12288:Puppet states 12285: 12282: 12278: 12275: 12271: 12266: 12262: 12259: 12255: 12254: 12252: 12248: 12245: 12241: 12238: 12234: 12231: 12230:Naval history 12227: 12224: 12220: 12217: 12213: 12210: 12206: 12201: 12197: 12196: 12194: 12190: 12187: 12183: 12178: 12177:United States 12174: 12171: 12167: 12164: 12160: 12159: 12157: 12153: 12150: 12146: 12143: 12139: 12136: 12132: 12129: 12125: 12122: 12118: 12115: 12111: 12106: 12102: 12101: 12099: 12095: 12094: 12092: 12090: 12086: 12083: 12079: 12072: 12068: 12065: 12061: 12056: 12052: 12049: 12045: 12042: 12038: 12037: 12033: 12028: 12024: 12023: 12021: 12017: 12014: 12010: 12009: 12006: 12002: 11995: 11990: 11988: 11983: 11981: 11976: 11975: 11972: 11966: 11964: 11960: 11956: 11953: 11952:archive.today 11949: 11946: 11943: 11940: 11939:archive.today 11936: 11933: 11930: 11927: 11923: 11920: 11917: 11915: 11914: 11913:Life magazine 11909: 11905: 11902: 11899: 11897: 11895: 11890: 11888: 11885: 11883: 11880: 11878: 11875: 11873: 11870: 11868: 11864: 11861: 11858: 11856: 11852: 11848: 11846: 11842: 11838: 11836: 11832: 11828: 11826: 11822: 11818: 11806: 11802: 11798: 11794: 11789: 11777: 11773: 11768: 11767: 11757: 11751: 11747: 11742: 11737: 11731: 11727: 11722: 11718: 11717: 11712: 11708: 11704: 11698: 11694: 11689: 11684: 11678: 11674: 11673: 11667: 11663: 11657: 11653: 11648: 11644: 11638: 11634: 11629: 11625: 11619: 11614: 11613: 11606: 11602: 11596: 11591: 11590: 11583: 11579: 11573: 11569: 11564: 11560: 11554: 11550: 11549: 11544: 11540: 11536: 11530: 11526: 11521: 11510: 11504: 11500: 11499: 11493: 11489: 11484: 11480: 11474: 11469: 11468: 11461: 11446: 11442: 11438: 11431: 11430: 11424: 11409: 11402: 11401: 11395: 11391: 11387: 11383: 11377: 11373: 11369: 11365: 11361: 11357: 11351: 11347: 11342: 11330: 11326: 11320: 11316: 11312: 11311: 11305: 11293: 11289: 11283: 11279: 11275: 11274: 11268: 11253: 11246: 11245: 11239: 11238: 11234: 11230: 11221: 11220: 11206: 11201: 11197: 11190: 11174: 11170: 11166: 11160: 11144: 11140: 11134: 11119: 11115: 11109: 11093: 11089: 11083: 11076: 11072: 11068: 11065: 11060: 11052: 11046: 11042: 11041: 11036: 11030: 11023: 11020: 11016: 11013: 11008: 11001: 10997: 10994: 10989: 10982: 10978: 10972: 10968: 10964: 10958: 10951: 10946: 10938: 10932: 10928: 10921: 10905: 10901: 10897: 10890: 10882: 10876: 10872: 10865: 10857: 10853: 10847: 10838: 10829: 10822: 10818: 10813: 10806: 10802: 10798: 10795: 10789: 10782: 10778: 10777:archive.today 10774: 10771: 10766: 10759: 10755: 10751: 10748: 10743: 10736: 10732: 10731:archive.today 10728: 10725: 10720: 10713: 10709: 10706: 10701: 10694: 10693: 10689: 10688:archive.today 10685: 10682: 10677: 10670: 10669: 10665: 10661: 10658: 10653: 10637: 10633: 10627: 10611: 10607: 10600: 10593: 10589: 10588:archive.today 10585: 10582: 10577: 10561: 10557: 10553: 10546: 10538: 10532: 10529:. Routledge. 10528: 10521: 10505: 10501: 10497: 10490: 10474: 10470: 10469:Asahi Shimbun 10466: 10463:Saito, Toru. 10459: 10452: 10451: 10446: 10442: 10439: 10434: 10418: 10415:. Njahs.org. 10414: 10408: 10392: 10388: 10382: 10378: 10377: 10369: 10353: 10349: 10343: 10339: 10338: 10330: 10314: 10310: 10304: 10300: 10299: 10291: 10275: 10271: 10267: 10261: 10245: 10241: 10237: 10230: 10214: 10210: 10203: 10194: 10178: 10174: 10168: 10166: 10164: 10156: 10150: 10148: 10140: 10134: 10127: 10122: 10115: 10110: 10094: 10090: 10086: 10080: 10073: 10067: 10060: 10054: 10038: 10034: 10028: 10012: 10008: 10002: 9995: 9989: 9982: 9976: 9960: 9956: 9952: 9950: 9942: 9936:, pp. 186–191 9935: 9929: 9927: 9919: 9913: 9906: 9900: 9898: 9890: 9884: 9877: 9872: 9866:, pp. 115-116 9865: 9859: 9852: 9847: 9840: 9835: 9828: 9822: 9807: 9803: 9799: 9798: 9793: 9787: 9780: 9774: 9758: 9754: 9748: 9741: 9737: 9734: 9728: 9719: 9711: 9705: 9701: 9694: 9678: 9674: 9673: 9668: 9662: 9646: 9642: 9638: 9632: 9624: 9622:0-415-13008-5 9618: 9614: 9607: 9591: 9587: 9583: 9577: 9561: 9557: 9553: 9546: 9530: 9526: 9522: 9516: 9500: 9496: 9490: 9483: 9478: 9462: 9456: 9440: 9436: 9430: 9414: 9410: 9404: 9402: 9392: 9386: 9385:Hastings 2008 9381: 9365: 9358: 9351: 9346: 9340:, p. 401 9339: 9338:Hastings 2008 9334: 9325: 9318: 9312: 9304: 9300: 9294: 9286: 9280: 9276: 9269: 9267: 9250: 9246: 9242: 9236: 9220: 9216: 9212: 9205: 9198: 9192: 9184: 9178: 9174: 9169: 9168: 9159: 9157: 9155: 9139: 9135: 9129: 9127: 9125: 9116: 9112: 9108: 9101: 9099: 9097: 9095: 9087: 9083: 9079: 9076: 9071: 9055: 9051: 9045: 9037: 9031: 9027: 9020: 9004: 9000: 8994: 8978: 8974: 8968: 8953:. 7 July 2022 8952: 8948: 8942: 8933: 8914: 8910: 8906: 8899: 8898: 8891: 8890:public domain 8880: 8878: 8870: 8865: 8849: 8845: 8839: 8823: 8819: 8812: 8810: 8808: 8799: 8793: 8789: 8782: 8780: 8778: 8768: 8762: 8756: 8749: 8744: 8728: 8724: 8718: 8714: 8710: 8709: 8702: 8701:public domain 8691: 8689: 8687: 8685: 8683: 8681: 8679: 8677: 8675: 8673: 8671: 8669: 8667: 8665: 8663: 8661: 8659: 8657: 8655: 8653: 8651: 8649: 8647: 8645: 8643: 8641: 8639: 8637: 8635: 8633: 8631: 8629: 8627: 8625: 8623: 8615: 8611: 8608: 8603: 8596: 8590: 8584:, p. 71. 8583: 8578: 8576: 8568: 8563: 8554: 8547: 8542: 8535: 8530: 8523: 8518: 8511: 8506: 8491:. 7 July 2022 8490: 8486: 8480: 8471: 8465:, p. 370 8464: 8463:Hastings 2008 8459: 8452: 8446: 8439: 8433: 8426: 8420: 8412: 8406: 8402: 8395: 8393: 8385: 8380: 8364: 8360: 8354: 8345: 8329: 8325: 8319: 8315: 8294: 8285: 8276: 8267: 8257: 8248: 8239: 8229: 8222: 8216: 8207: 8197: 8193: 8183: 8180: 8178: 8175: 8173: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8157:Torii Station 8155: 8153: 8150: 8148: 8145: 8143: 8140: 8138: 8135: 8133: 8130: 8128: 8125: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8115: 8113: 8110: 8108: 8105: 8104: 8098: 8096: 8086: 8077: 8075: 8071: 8065: 8061: 8059: 8055: 8051: 8047: 8042: 8039: 8028: 8026: 8023:You have the 8020: 8018: 8017: 8012: 8008: 8004: 8000: 7999:George Feifer 7994: 7992: 7986: 7984: 7976: 7971: 7964: 7959: 7950: 7948: 7943: 7941: 7937: 7932: 7927: 7924: 7918: 7915: 7911: 7904: 7894: 7892: 7887: 7878: 7873: 7869: 7866: 7862: 7858: 7854: 7849: 7846: 7842: 7838: 7837: 7836:Ryūkyū Shimpō 7832: 7827: 7825: 7821: 7812: 7807: 7802: 7797: 7794: 7792: 7788: 7782: 7774: 7770: 7765: 7756: 7754: 7749: 7741: 7737: 7724: 7721: 7717: 7713: 7710: 7707: 7704: 7702: 7701: 7696: 7693: 7692: 7688: 7685: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7676: 7670: 7667: 7666: 7662: 7659: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7647: 7644: 7643: 7639: 7636: 7633: 7631:Landing Ship 7630: 7628: 7624: 7621: 7620: 7616: 7613: 7610: 7606: 7604:Landing Ship 7603: 7601: 7597: 7594: 7593: 7589: 7586: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7577: 7572: 7569: 7568: 7564: 7561: 7558: 7555: 7553: 7552: 7547: 7544: 7543: 7539: 7536: 7533: 7530: 7528: 7527: 7521: 7518: 7517: 7513: 7510: 7507: 7504: 7502: 7498: 7495: 7494: 7490: 7487: 7484: 7481: 7479: 7478: 7472: 7469: 7468: 7464: 7461: 7458: 7455: 7453: 7452: 7447: 7444: 7443: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7430: 7427: 7425: 7424: 7419: 7416: 7415: 7411: 7408: 7405: 7402: 7400: 7399: 7393: 7390: 7389: 7385: 7382: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7373: 7368: 7365: 7364: 7360: 7357: 7354: 7351: 7349: 7348: 7343: 7340: 7339: 7335: 7332: 7329: 7326: 7324: 7323: 7317: 7314: 7313: 7309: 7306: 7303: 7300: 7298: 7297: 7292: 7289: 7288: 7284: 7281: 7278: 7275: 7273: 7272: 7267: 7264: 7263: 7259: 7256: 7253: 7250: 7248: 7247: 7242: 7239: 7238: 7234: 7231: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7222: 7221:Brown Victory 7217: 7214: 7213: 7209: 7206: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7197: 7192: 7189: 7188: 7184: 7181: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7172: 7166: 7163: 7162: 7158: 7155: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7141: 7140: 7136: 7133: 7130: 7127: 7125: 7124: 7119: 7116: 7115: 7111: 7108: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7099: 7094: 7091: 7090: 7086: 7083: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7074: 7068: 7065: 7064: 7060: 7057: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7048: 7043: 7040: 7039: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7014: 7013: 7008: 7005: 7004: 7000: 6997: 6994: 6992:Landing Ship 6991: 6989: 6985: 6982: 6981: 6977: 6974: 6971: 6968: 6966: 6965: 6960: 6957: 6956: 6952: 6949: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6940: 6934: 6931: 6930: 6926: 6923: 6920: 6917: 6915: 6914: 6908: 6905: 6904: 6900: 6897: 6894: 6891: 6889: 6888: 6882: 6879: 6878: 6874: 6871: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6862: 6857: 6854: 6853: 6849: 6846: 6843: 6840: 6838: 6837: 6832: 6829: 6828: 6824: 6821: 6818: 6815: 6813: 6812: 6807: 6804: 6803: 6799: 6796: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6787: 6781: 6778: 6777: 6773: 6770: 6767: 6764: 6762: 6761: 6755: 6752: 6751: 6747: 6744: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6735: 6729: 6726: 6725: 6721: 6718: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6706: 6703: 6702: 6698: 6695: 6692: 6689: 6687: 6686: 6680: 6677: 6676: 6672: 6669: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6660: 6655: 6652: 6651: 6647: 6644: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6635: 6630: 6627: 6626: 6622: 6619: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6610: 6605: 6602: 6601: 6597: 6594: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6585: 6580: 6577: 6576: 6572: 6569: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6560: 6555: 6552: 6551: 6547: 6544: 6541: 6538: 6536: 6532: 6529: 6528: 6524: 6521: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6512: 6506: 6503: 6502: 6498: 6495: 6492: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6482: 6476: 6473: 6472: 6468: 6465: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6456: 6451: 6448: 6447: 6443: 6440: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6431: 6425: 6422: 6421: 6417: 6414: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6405: 6399: 6396: 6395: 6391: 6388: 6385: 6383:Landing Ship 6382: 6380: 6379: 6373: 6370: 6369: 6365: 6362: 6359: 6357:Landing Ship 6356: 6354: 6353: 6347: 6344: 6343: 6339: 6336: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6327: 6322: 6319: 6318: 6314: 6311: 6308: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6298: 6293: 6290: 6289: 6285: 6282: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6273: 6267: 6264: 6263: 6259: 6256: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6247: 6241: 6238: 6237: 6233: 6230: 6227: 6224: 6222: 6221: 6216: 6213: 6212: 6208: 6205: 6202: 6199: 6197: 6196: 6191: 6188: 6187: 6183: 6180: 6177: 6174: 6172: 6171: 6165: 6162: 6161: 6157: 6154: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6145: 6140: 6137: 6136: 6132: 6129: 6126: 6124:Landing Ship 6123: 6121: 6120: 6114: 6111: 6110: 6106: 6103: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6094: 6089: 6086: 6085: 6081: 6078: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6069: 6063: 6060: 6059: 6055: 6052: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6043: 6037: 6034: 6033: 6029: 6026: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6017: 6012: 6009: 6008: 6004: 6001: 5999:Suicide boat 5998: 5995: 5993: 5989: 5986: 5985: 5981: 5978: 5975: 5972: 5970: 5969: 5964: 5961: 5960: 5956: 5953: 5950: 5947: 5945: 5944: 5938: 5935: 5934: 5930: 5927: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5918: 5913: 5910: 5909: 5905: 5902: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5893: 5888: 5885: 5884: 5880: 5877: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5868: 5862: 5859: 5858: 5854: 5851: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5842: 5836: 5833: 5832: 5828: 5825: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5816: 5810: 5807: 5806: 5802: 5799: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5790: 5784: 5781: 5780: 5776: 5773: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5764: 5758: 5755: 5754: 5750: 5747: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5738: 5733: 5730: 5729: 5725: 5722: 5719: 5717:Landing Ship 5716: 5714: 5710: 5707: 5706: 5702: 5699: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5690: 5685: 5682: 5681: 5677: 5674: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5662: 5659: 5658: 5654: 5651: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5642: 5637: 5634: 5633: 5629: 5626: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5617: 5611: 5608: 5607: 5603: 5600: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5591: 5586: 5583: 5582: 5578: 5575: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5566: 5560: 5557: 5556: 5552: 5549: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5540: 5535: 5532: 5531: 5527: 5524: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5515: 5510: 5507: 5506: 5502: 5499: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5490: 5485: 5482: 5481: 5477: 5474: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5465: 5460: 5457: 5456: 5452: 5449: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5437: 5434: 5433: 5429: 5426: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5414: 5411: 5410: 5406: 5403: 5400: 5398:Landing Ship 5397: 5395: 5394: 5389: 5386: 5385: 5381: 5378: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5369: 5364: 5361: 5360: 5356: 5353: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5344: 5339: 5336: 5335: 5331: 5328: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5319: 5314: 5311: 5310: 5306: 5303: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5294: 5289: 5286: 5285: 5281: 5278: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5269: 5264: 5261: 5260: 5256: 5253: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5244: 5239: 5236: 5235: 5231: 5228: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5219: 5213: 5210: 5209: 5205: 5202: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5193: 5188: 5185: 5184: 5180: 5177: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5168: 5163: 5160: 5159: 5155: 5152: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5143: 5138: 5135: 5134: 5130: 5127: 5124: 5121: 5119: 5118: 5113: 5110: 5109: 5105: 5102: 5099: 5096: 5094: 5093: 5088: 5085: 5084: 5080: 5077: 5075: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5065: 5060: 5057: 5056: 5052: 5049: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5040: 5035: 5032: 5031: 5027: 5024: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5015: 5010: 5007: 5006: 5002: 4999: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4987: 4984: 4983: 4979: 4976: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4967: 4962: 4959: 4958: 4954: 4951: 4948: 4944: 4942: 4938: 4936: 4932: 4929: 4928: 4924: 4921: 4918: 4915: 4913: 4912: 4906: 4903: 4902: 4898: 4895: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4886: 4881: 4878: 4877: 4873: 4870: 4867: 4864: 4862: 4861: 4856: 4853: 4852: 4848: 4845: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4836: 4831: 4828: 4827: 4823: 4820: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4811: 4806: 4803: 4802: 4798: 4795: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4786: 4785:Logan Victory 4780: 4777: 4776: 4772: 4769: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4760: 4759:Hobbs Victory 4754: 4751: 4750: 4746: 4743: 4740: 4738:Landing Ship 4737: 4735: 4734: 4728: 4725: 4724: 4720: 4717: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4708: 4703: 4700: 4699: 4695: 4692: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4683: 4678: 4675: 4674: 4670: 4667: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4658: 4652: 4649: 4648: 4644: 4641: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4632: 4627: 4624: 4623: 4619: 4616: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4607: 4601: 4598: 4597: 4593: 4590: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4581: 4576: 4573: 4572: 4568: 4565: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4556: 4550: 4547: 4546: 4542: 4539: 4536: 4533: 4531: 4530: 4525: 4522: 4521: 4517: 4514: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4505: 4499: 4496: 4495: 4491: 4488: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4479: 4473: 4470: 4469: 4465: 4462: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4453: 4448: 4445: 4444: 4440: 4437: 4434: 4431: 4429: 4428: 4423: 4420: 4419: 4415: 4412: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4403: 4397: 4394: 4393: 4389: 4386: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4377: 4371: 4368: 4367: 4363: 4360: 4357: 4354: 4352: 4351: 4346: 4343: 4342: 4338: 4335: 4333:Suicide boat 4332: 4329: 4327: 4323: 4320: 4319: 4315: 4312: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4300: 4297: 4296: 4292: 4289: 4286: 4283: 4280: 4277: 4276: 4272: 4269: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4260: 4255: 4252: 4251: 4247: 4244: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4235: 4230: 4227: 4226: 4222: 4219: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4210: 4205: 4202: 4201: 4197: 4194: 4191: 4188: 4186: 4185: 4180: 4177: 4176: 4172: 4169: 4166: 4163: 4161: 4160: 4155: 4152: 4151: 4147: 4144: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4135: 4130: 4127: 4126: 4122: 4119: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4110: 4104: 4101: 4100: 4096: 4093: 4090: 4087: 4085: 4084: 4079: 4076: 4075: 4071: 4068: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4059: 4058:West Virginia 4054: 4051: 4050: 4046: 4043: 4040: 4037: 4035: 4034: 4029: 4026: 4025: 4021: 4018: 4015: 4012: 4010: 4009: 4003: 4000: 3999: 3995: 3992: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3983: 3978: 3975: 3974: 3970: 3967: 3964: 3961: 3959: 3958: 3953: 3950: 3949: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3936: 3933: 3931: 3930: 3925: 3922: 3921: 3917: 3914: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3905: 3900: 3897: 3896: 3892: 3889: 3886: 3883: 3881: 3880: 3875: 3872: 3871: 3867: 3864: 3861: 3859:Landing Ship 3858: 3856: 3855: 3850: 3847: 3846: 3842: 3839: 3836: 3832: 3829: 3827: 3826: 3820: 3817: 3816: 3812: 3809: 3806: 3802: 3799: 3797: 3796: 3791: 3788: 3787: 3783: 3780: 3777: 3774: 3772: 3771: 3766: 3763: 3762: 3758: 3755: 3752: 3749: 3747: 3746: 3741: 3738: 3737: 3733: 3730: 3727: 3723: 3720: 3718: 3717: 3711: 3708: 3707: 3703: 3700: 3697: 3694: 3692: 3691: 3686: 3683: 3682: 3678: 3675: 3672: 3669: 3667: 3666: 3665:Hasley Powell 3661: 3658: 3657: 3653: 3650: 3647: 3644: 3642: 3641: 3636: 3633: 3632: 3628: 3625: 3622: 3619: 3617: 3616: 3611: 3608: 3607: 3603: 3600: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3591: 3586: 3583: 3582: 3578: 3575: 3572: 3569: 3566: 3563: 3562: 3556: 3545: 3533: 3531: 3527: 3526: 3520: 3516: 3512: 3511:Arleigh Burke 3508: 3507:Marc Mitscher 3504: 3500: 3499: 3493: 3492: 3485: 3483: 3479: 3474: 3472: 3467: 3463: 3461: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3446: 3440: 3439: 3423: 3420: 3417: 3414: 3411: 3408: 3405: 3402: 3401: 3400: 3399: 3392: 3389: 3386: 3383: 3380: 3377: 3374: 3371: 3368: 3365: 3362: 3361:Martin O. May 3359: 3356: 3353: 3350: 3347: 3344: 3341: 3338: 3335: 3334: 3333: 3332: 3325: 3322: 3319: 3316: 3313: 3310: 3307: 3304: 3301: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3289: 3286: 3283: 3282:John P. Fardy 3280: 3274: 3269:– 14–15 May ( 3268: 3265: 3262: 3259: 3258: 3257: 3256: 3249: 3247: 3246:human shields 3243: 3238: 3234: 3227: 3225: 3224: 3218: 3216: 3211: 3203: 3198: 3191: 3186: 3182: 3180: 3174: 3172: 3171:American Navy 3168: 3164: 3160: 3151: 3146: 3138: 3124: 3122: 3118: 3113: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3095: 3090: 3081: 3079: 3075: 3070: 3068: 3063: 3062: 3057: 3053: 3048: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3035: 3034:Major General 3030: 3028: 3024: 3019: 3015: 3013: 3008: 3006: 3005:friendly fire 3002: 2997: 2996: 2989: 2987: 2983: 2979: 2978:1st Battalion 2973: 2970: 2967: 2963: 2958: 2954: 2924: 2918: 2914:26.21; 127.75 2889: 2884: 2882: 2878: 2869: 2862: 2858: 2854: 2850: 2846: 2841: 2837: 2834: 2829: 2827: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2809: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2795: 2790: 2789:John R. Hodge 2786: 2781: 2779: 2775: 2769: 2765: 2736: 2731: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2716: 2712: 2703: 2695: 2688: 2684: 2679: 2671: 2662: 2660: 2656: 2651: 2649: 2648: 2643: 2642:Mount Yaedake 2639: 2635: 2631: 2626: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2603: 2601: 2597: 2596:demonstration 2593: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2556: 2554: 2551:. A group of 2550: 2546: 2541: 2539: 2535: 2531: 2523: 2522: 2515: 2502: 2501: 2496: 2495: 2487: 2482: 2478: 2477: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2453: 2448: 2447: 2446: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2431:San Pedro Bay 2428: 2418: 2416: 2415: 2411: 2410:light cruiser 2404: 2400: 2395: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2353: 2352: 2347: 2346: 2337: 2332: 2328: 2327: 2319: 2314: 2313: 2312: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2299:, as well as 2298: 2297:radar pickets 2293: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2276:sorties from 2275: 2271: 2268: 2264: 2259: 2257: 2252: 2250: 2246: 2241: 2236: 2234: 2230: 2229:Task Force 58 2221: 2218:Vice Admiral 2214: 2212: 2201: 2197: 2195: 2191: 2186: 2181: 2175: 2169: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2143: 2134: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2121: 2116: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2076: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2065: 2060: 2059: 2054: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2032: 2022: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2003: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1977: 1973: 1969: 1965: 1962: 1958: 1955: 1951: 1948: 1944: 1943:US Tenth Army 1940: 1936: 1925: 1919: 1909: 1907: 1906: 1900: 1898: 1893: 1891: 1886: 1881: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1842: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1777: 1772: 1764: 1759: 1746: 1745: 1744: 1736: 1733: 1729: 1726: 1725: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1718: 1714: 1713: 1710: 1707: 1706: 1703: 1700: 1698: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1686: 1685: 1684: 1683:Kuril Islands 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1663: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1649: 1645: 1642: 1640: 1637: 1635: 1632: 1630: 1627: 1626: 1625: 1622: 1621: 1618: 1615: 1614: 1611: 1610: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1599: 1596: 1594: 1591: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1581: 1579: 1576: 1574: 1571: 1570: 1567: 1566:North America 1564: 1563: 1560: 1559:Borneo (1945) 1557: 1555: 1552: 1550: 1547: 1545: 1542: 1540: 1537: 1535: 1532: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1520: 1519: 1515: 1513: 1510: 1508: 1505: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1497: 1494: 1491: 1489: 1486: 1484: 1481: 1479: 1476: 1475: 1472: 1469: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1459: 1455: 1453: 1452: 1448: 1446: 1445: 1441: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1395: 1392: 1389: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1379:Bay of Bengal 1377: 1373: 1370: 1369: 1368: 1365: 1363: 1360: 1356: 1353: 1352: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1342: 1339: 1336: 1335: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1296: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1281: 1278: 1275: 1274: 1271: 1266: 1258: 1253: 1251: 1246: 1244: 1239: 1238: 1235: 1223: 1222: 1218: 1216: 1215: 1211: 1209: 1206: 1204: 1201: 1200: 1197: 1192: 1182: 1177: 1175: 1170: 1168: 1163: 1162: 1159: 1130: 1113: 1097: 1087: 1082: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1056: 1049: 1042: 1041: 1036: 1031: 1026: 1024: 1009: 1006: 1001: 999: 995: 994: 989: 977: 976: 970: 966: 962: 957: 951: 950: 945: 940: 934: 933: 928: 924: 918: 908: 906: 895: 890: 888: 884: 882: 881:light Cruiser 878: 876: 872: 871: 870: 869: 864: 858: 853: 843: 839: 838:light Cruiser 835: 834: 833: 832: 827: 819: 815: 814: 813: 812: 807: 799: 795: 794: 793: 792: 787: 779: 775: 773: 769: 767: 763: 761: 757: 755: 751: 749: 745: 744: 743: 742: 737: 729: 725: 722: 718: 715: 711: 708: 704: 701: 697: 694: 690: 687: 683: 680: 676: 673: 669: 668: 667: 666: 655: 654: 649: 644: 641: 640: 639: 638: 637: 636: 622: 615: 612: 609: 606: 604: 603:Mixed Brigade 600: 598: 595: 593: 590: 588: 585: 584: 583: 582: 581: 580: 573: 566: 562: 557: 553: 552:Task Force 57 548: 543: 541: 540:Task Force 58 538: 537: 535: 534: 533: 532: 531: 530: 516: 508: 505: 503: 500: 498: 495: 493: 490: 489: 488: 485: 481: 478: 476: 473: 471: 468: 467: 466: 463: 462: 461: 460: 459: 458: 444: 440: 439: 434: 431: 429: 423: 412: 410: 404: 391: 385: 373: 371: 365: 354: 352: 346: 336: 334: 324: 322: 310: 298: 287: 275: 273: 267: 255: 254: 249: 246: 241: 236: 234: 221: 208: 196: 184: 183:United States 172: 171:Naval forces: 168: 167:United States 156: 153: 152: 147: 139: 136: 135: 130: 101: 97: 93: 89: 85: 82: 81: 75: 72: 71: 67: 61: 56: 52: 48: 44: 39: 34: 29: 25: 23: 15249:Bibliography 15232: 15065: 15045:Project Hula 15010:Vistula–Oder 14979: 14912: 14903: 14887: 14857: 14806: 14790: 14781: 14772: 14738: 14635: 14550: 14526: 14496: 14247: 14140: 14085:North Africa 13787:Soviet Union 13741:Soviet Union 13667:Soviet Union 13435:Vatican City 13338:Vichy France 13243:German Reich 13140:Soviet Union 13126:South Africa 13119:Sierra Leone 13072:Newfoundland 12891:Participants 12874:Marocchinate 12578: 12569: 12539: 12417:North Africa 12378:Indian Ocean 12237:Nazi plunder 12128:Cryptography 12001:World War II 11962: 11958: 11911: 11893: 11849:A film clip 11839:A film clip 11829:A film clip 11819:A film clip 11809:. Retrieved 11805:the original 11796: 11780:. Retrieved 11745: 11725: 11714: 11711:Toll, Ian W. 11692: 11671: 11651: 11632: 11611: 11588: 11567: 11547: 11524: 11512:. Retrieved 11497: 11487: 11466: 11452:. Retrieved 11428: 11415:. Retrieved 11399: 11367: 11345: 11333:. Retrieved 11329:the original 11309: 11296:. Retrieved 11292:the original 11272: 11259:. Retrieved 11243: 11205:the original 11199: 11189: 11177:. Retrieved 11168: 11159: 11147:. Retrieved 11142: 11133: 11121:. Retrieved 11117: 11108: 11096:. Retrieved 11092:the original 11082: 11075:Boston Globe 11074: 11059: 11039: 11029: 11022:Wilson, Ward 11007: 10988: 10980: 10967:The Cold War 10966: 10957: 10945: 10926: 10920: 10908:. Retrieved 10900:The Guardian 10899: 10889: 10870: 10864: 10856:the original 10846: 10837: 10828: 10821:The Mainichi 10820: 10812: 10804: 10788: 10780: 10765: 10757: 10742: 10734: 10719: 10700: 10690: 10676: 10666: 10652: 10640:. Retrieved 10626: 10614:. Retrieved 10599: 10591: 10576: 10564:. Retrieved 10560:the original 10555: 10545: 10526: 10520: 10508:. Retrieved 10499: 10489: 10477:. Retrieved 10473:the original 10468: 10458: 10448: 10433: 10421:. Retrieved 10407: 10395:. Retrieved 10375: 10368: 10356:. Retrieved 10336: 10329: 10317:. Retrieved 10297: 10290: 10278:. Retrieved 10269: 10260: 10248:. Retrieved 10239: 10229: 10217:. Retrieved 10213:the original 10202: 10193: 10181:. Retrieved 10154: 10138: 10133: 10121: 10109: 10097:. Retrieved 10088: 10079: 10071: 10066: 10058: 10053: 10041:. Retrieved 10027: 10015:. Retrieved 10001: 9993: 9988: 9980: 9975: 9963:. Retrieved 9954: 9948: 9941: 9933: 9917: 9912: 9904: 9888: 9883: 9871: 9863: 9858: 9846: 9834: 9826: 9821: 9809:. Retrieved 9795: 9786: 9778: 9773: 9761:. Retrieved 9747: 9731:Reid, Chip. 9727: 9718: 9699: 9693: 9683:14 September 9681:. Retrieved 9670: 9661: 9649:. Retrieved 9645:the original 9631: 9612: 9606: 9594:. Retrieved 9590:the original 9576: 9564:. Retrieved 9555: 9545: 9533:. Retrieved 9524: 9515: 9503:. Retrieved 9489: 9484:, p. 91 9477: 9465:. Retrieved 9455: 9443:. Retrieved 9439:the original 9429: 9417:. Retrieved 9413:the original 9391: 9380: 9368:. Retrieved 9357: 9345: 9333: 9324: 9316: 9311: 9293: 9274: 9253:. Retrieved 9244: 9235: 9223:. Retrieved 9214: 9204: 9196: 9191: 9166: 9141:. Retrieved 9115:the original 9110: 9085: 9070: 9058:. Retrieved 9044: 9025: 9019: 9007:. Retrieved 9003:the original 8993: 8981:. Retrieved 8967: 8955:. Retrieved 8950: 8941: 8932: 8920:. Retrieved 8896: 8864: 8852:. Retrieved 8848:the original 8838: 8826:. Retrieved 8822:the original 8787: 8767: 8760: 8755: 8743: 8731:. Retrieved 8727:the original 8707: 8602: 8589: 8562: 8553: 8541: 8529: 8517: 8505: 8493:. Retrieved 8488: 8479: 8470: 8458: 8445: 8432: 8419: 8400: 8386:, p. 18 8379: 8369:26 September 8367:. Retrieved 8362: 8353: 8344: 8332:. Retrieved 8318: 8293: 8284: 8275: 8266: 8256: 8247: 8238: 8228: 8220: 8215: 8206: 8196: 8092: 8083: 8067: 8063: 8057: 8056:in his book 8043: 8035: 8022: 8016:The Guardian 8014: 7996: 7988: 7980: 7946: 7944: 7931:Kenzaburō Ōe 7928: 7919: 7906: 7882: 7852: 7850: 7834: 7831:mass suicide 7828: 7816: 7799: 7795: 7784: 7752: 7750: 7746: 7735: 7700:Cassin Young 7699: 7674: 7649: 7626: 7608: 7599: 7575: 7550: 7525: 7500: 7476: 7450: 7422: 7397: 7371: 7346: 7321: 7295: 7270: 7245: 7220: 7195: 7170: 7145: 7122: 7097: 7072: 7046: 7020: 7016: 7011: 6987: 6963: 6938: 6912: 6886: 6860: 6835: 6810: 6785: 6759: 6733: 6708: 6684: 6658: 6633: 6608: 6583: 6558: 6534: 6510: 6480: 6454: 6429: 6403: 6377: 6351: 6325: 6305:Air attack, 6296: 6271: 6245: 6219: 6194: 6169: 6143: 6118: 6092: 6067: 6041: 6015: 5991: 5967: 5942: 5916: 5891: 5866: 5840: 5814: 5788: 5762: 5736: 5712: 5688: 5664: 5640: 5615: 5589: 5564: 5538: 5513: 5488: 5463: 5439: 5416: 5392: 5367: 5342: 5317: 5292: 5268:Cassin Young 5267: 5242: 5217: 5191: 5166: 5141: 5116: 5091: 5063: 5038: 5013: 4989: 4965: 4934: 4910: 4884: 4859: 4834: 4809: 4784: 4758: 4732: 4706: 4681: 4656: 4630: 4605: 4579: 4554: 4528: 4503: 4477: 4451: 4426: 4401: 4375: 4349: 4325: 4302: 4281:USS LST-599 4258: 4233: 4208: 4183: 4158: 4133: 4108: 4082: 4057: 4032: 4007: 3981: 3956: 3928: 3904:Indianapolis 3903: 3878: 3853: 3824: 3803:Air attack, 3794: 3769: 3744: 3715: 3689: 3664: 3639: 3614: 3589: 3546: 3534: 3529: 3524: 3518: 3514: 3497: 3491:Indianapolis 3490: 3486: 3481: 3477: 3470: 3465: 3459: 3453: 3444: 3437: 3432: 3424:– 10–11 June 3397: 3396: 3355:Desmond Doss 3349:James L. Day 3330: 3329: 3255:Marine Corps 3254: 3251: 3229: 3221: 3219: 3214: 3209: 3207: 3175: 3155: 3114: 3099: 3074:Matome Ugaki 3071: 3066: 3059: 3056:Masahide Ōta 3049: 3031: 3020: 3016: 3010:On 29 May a 3009: 3007:casualties. 2999:an American 2994: 2990: 2986:Shuri Castle 2974: 2971: 2959: 2885: 2874: 2853:Shuri Castle 2830: 2813:breakthrough 2810: 2782: 2774:close combat 2770: 2735:Kakazu Ridge 2732: 2728:The Pinnacle 2724:Cactus Ridge 2708: 2658: 2652: 2645: 2637: 2627: 2604: 2602:from there. 2594:conducted a 2577: 2542: 2527: 2520: 2498: 2493: 2475: 2443:flight decks 2438: 2424: 2413: 2402: 2396: 2391: 2383: 2372: 2368: 2363: 2349: 2344: 2325: 2294: 2289: 2273: 2266: 2262: 2260: 2253: 2245:US 5th Fleet 2237: 2226: 2210: 2208: 2204:Naval battle 2198: 2196:operations. 2189: 2158: 2148: 2120:Rear Admiral 2117: 2077: 2072: 2062: 2056: 2028: 2004: 1954:Vice Admiral 1932: 1904: 1901: 1889: 1884: 1882: 1843: 1811:World War II 1782: 1781:, codenamed 1757: 1755: 1741: 1740: 1715: 1695: 1661: 1608: 1603:Project Hula 1588:Fort Stevens 1517: 1457: 1450: 1443: 1331:Ocean Island 1294: 1284:Pearl Harbor 1220: 1213: 1207: 1059: 1054: 1047: 1039: 1038: 1034: 1011: 1003: 992: 991: 987: 974: 973: 968: 964: 960: 955: 948: 947: 943: 935: 909: 896: 894: 859: 844: 842: 822: 802: 782: 732: 656: 633: 632: 620: 619: 578: 577: 565:Ground units 564: 563: 528: 527: 514: 513: 456: 455: 443:Ground units 442: 441: 427: 408: 369: 350: 271: 256: 170: 154: 149:Belligerents 121:26.5°N 128°E 51:World War II 41:Part of the 28: 21: 14980:Bodenplatte 14866:Gothic Line 14092:West Africa 13639:Philippines 13618:Netherlands 13483:Czech lands 13421:Switzerland 13365:Afghanistan 13309:Philippines 13177:Puerto Rico 13093:Philippines 13079:New Zealand 13065:Netherlands 13018:Free France 12769:Prosecution 12570:Osoaviakhim 12440:West Africa 12424:East Africa 12071:Conferences 11894:Indomitable 11811:20 November 11179:10 February 10781:Japan Times 10758:Japan Times 10735:Japan Times 10692:Japan Times 10592:Japan Times 10479:11 December 10280:10 December 10057:Toll, Ian, 9777:Toll, Ian, 9672:Japan Times 8957:21 February 8403:. Penguin. 8172:Camp Kinser 8167:Camp Foster 8162:Camp Schwab 8152:Camp Hansen 7857:Mark Selden 7377:Battleship 7372:Mississippi 7153:Air attack 6716:Air attack 6564:Battleship 6542:Air attack 6455:Bunker Hill 6386:Air attack 6331:Cargo Ship 5797:Air attack 5720:Air attack 5694:Battleship 5197:Battleship 5172:Battleship 5147:Battleship 5074:Buckner Bay 4997:Air attack 4941:Minesweeper 4840:Battleship 4355:Battleship 4310:Air attack 4209:Wake Island 4088:Battleship 4063:Battleship 3695:Battleship 3623:Air attack 3519:Bunker Hill 3466:Bunker Hill 3445:Bunker Hill 3351:– 14–17 May 3159:John Keegan 3110:South Korea 2995:Mississippi 2982:5th Marines 2966:World War I 2948: / 2936:127°41′46″E 2912: / 2821:flame tanks 2817:outflanking 2759: / 2747:127°44′13″E 2509:Land battle 2380:Seiichi Itō 2345:Bunker Hill 2015:New Zealand 2009:fleet with 1968:battleships 1856:, 77th and 1787:Pacific War 1776:Okinawa-sen 1728:Mutanchiang 1549:New Britain 1265:Pacific War 700:battleships 621:Naval units 529:Fifth Fleet 515:Naval units 422:Seiichi Itō 220:New Zealand 124: / 15272:Categories 15080:West Hunan 14913:Pointblank 14249:Silver Fox 14235:Summer War 13988:Winter War 13967:Phoney War 13748:Azerbaijan 13709:Yugoslavia 13604:Luxembourg 13446:Resistance 13186:Yugoslavia 13051:Luxembourg 12853:Sook Ching 12649:War crimes 12251:Technology 12244:Opposition 12186:Lend-Lease 12163:Australian 12156:Home front 12114:Blitzkrieg 12064:Casualties 12055:Commanders 12027:Operations 11735:0471180807 11682:0195067142 11661:1841765465 11642:0316545015 11623:1574889524 11577:1597970638 11534:1585742155 11508:0674019830 11478:0440221781 11454:18 January 11441:B00071UAT8 11417:18 January 11390:1036894412 11381:0252070658 11324:0160480329 11287:1410222063 11261:18 January 10950:Frank 1999 10910:4 December 10880:1410218791 10642:12 October 10616:4 December 10536:0203302753 10423:12 October 10358:18 January 10319:18 January 10219:12 October 10183:12 October 10153:Morrison, 9763:12 October 9651:4 February 9596:4 February 9525:HistoryNet 9482:Coski 2005 9350:Hobbs 2012 9255:11 January 9182:1841765465 9060:12 October 8922:18 January 8909:B00071UAT8 8828:4 December 8759:Abe 1995, 8722:1410222063 8582:Frank 1999 8384:Sloan 2007 8305:References 8003:atomic age 7901:See also: 7845:barbarians 7705:Destroyer 7694:30 Jul 45 7680:Destroyer 7668:29 Jul 45 7645:22 Jun 45 7622:22 Jun 45 7595:21 Jun 45 7570:21 Jun 45 7545:21 Jun 45 7531:Destroyer 7519:16 Jun 45 7501:LCS(L)-122 7496:11 Jun 45 7482:Destroyer 7470:10 Jun 45 7451:Natoma Bay 7445:7 June 45 7391:6 June 45 7347:Louisville 7315:3 June 45 7301:Destroyer 7290:29 May 45 7265:28 May 45 7240:28 May 45 7215:28 May 45 7190:28 May 45 7176:Destroyer 7164:28 May 45 7146:LCS(L)-119 7142:27 May 45 7117:27 May 45 7103:Transport 7092:27 May 45 7066:27 May 45 7052:Destroyer 7041:27 May 45 7006:25 May 45 6983:25 May 45 6969:Destroyer 6958:25 May 45 6932:25 May 45 6906:25 May 45 6880:25 May 45 6855:25 May 45 6830:25 May 45 6816:Destroyer 6805:25 May 45 6779:20 May 45 6765:Destroyer 6753:20 May 45 6727:20 May 45 6704:18 May 45 6690:Destroyer 6678:18 May 45 6664:Destroyer 6653:17 May 45 6634:Enterprise 6628:14 May 45 6603:13 May 45 6589:Destroyer 6578:13 May 45 6559:New Mexico 6553:12 May 45 6530:11 May 45 6516:Destroyer 6504:11 May 45 6486:Destroyer 6474:11 May 45 6449:11 May 45 6430:Oberrender 6409:Destroyer 6378:LSM(R)-194 6352:LSM(R)-190 6302:Destroyer 6277:Destroyer 6251:Destroyer 6225:Destroyer 6195:Birmingham 6119:LSM(R)-195 6068:Aaron Ward 6047:Destroyer 6021:Minelayer 6010:30 Apr 45 5987:29 Apr 45 5973:Destroyer 5962:29 Apr 45 5948:Destroyer 5936:29 Apr 45 5911:28 Apr 45 5897:Destroyer 5886:28 Apr 45 5860:27 Apr 45 5846:Destroyer 5834:27 Apr 45 5820:Destroyer 5808:27 Apr 45 5782:22 Apr 45 5756:22 Apr 45 5742:Destroyer 5731:22 Apr 45 5708:18 Apr 45 5683:16 Apr 45 5665:LCS(L)-116 5660:16 Apr 45 5635:16 Apr 45 5609:16 Apr 45 5584:16 Apr 45 5570:Destroyer 5558:16 Apr 45 5544:Destroyer 5533:16 Apr 45 5519:Destroyer 5508:16 Apr 45 5483:16 Apr 45 5469:Destroyer 5458:14 Apr 45 5435:12 Apr 45 5412:12 Apr 45 5393:LSM(R)-189 5387:12 Apr 45 5362:12 Apr 45 5343:Whitehurst 5337:12 Apr 45 5323:Destroyer 5312:12 Apr 45 5298:Destroyer 5287:12 Apr 45 5273:Destroyer 5262:12 Apr 45 5248:Destroyer 5237:12 Apr 45 5223:Destroyer 5211:12 Apr 45 5186:12 Apr 45 5161:12 Apr 45 5136:11 Apr 45 5122:Destroyer 5111:11 Apr 45 5092:Enterprise 5086:11 Apr 45 5044:Destroyer 5019:Destroyer 4971:Destroyer 4890:Destroyer 4865:Destroyer 4636:Destroyer 4631:Fieberling 4585:Destroyer 4580:Haynsworth 4560:Destroyer 4534:Destroyer 4509:Destroyer 4483:Destroyer 4457:Destroyer 4432:Destroyer 4407:Destroyer 4381:Destroyer 4264:Destroyer 4239:Destroyer 4038:Destroyer 3898:31 Mar 45 3873:29 Mar 45 3854:LSM(R)-188 3848:28 Mar 45 3818:28 Mar 45 3800:Destroyer 3789:27 Mar 45 3775:Destroyer 3764:27 Mar 45 3750:Destroyer 3739:26 Mar 45 3726:Maye Shima 3721:Destroyer 3709:26 Mar 45 3684:24 Mar 45 3670:Destroyer 3659:20 Mar 45 3640:Enterprise 3634:20 Mar 45 3609:19 Mar 45 3584:19 Mar 45 3525:Enterprise 3498:New Mexico 3393:– 28 April 3339:– 13 April 3263:– 16 April 3179:Ernie Pyle 3150:M4 Sherman 3084:Casualties 3037:Roy Geiger 2933:26°13′19″N 2744:26°15′32″N 2634:Hedo Point 2632:, reached 2580:XXIV Corps 2494:Formidable 2476:Implacable 2458:Royal Navy 2220:C.R. Brown 2155:front line 2123:Minoru Ōta 2011:Australian 1976:destroyers 1922:See also: 1846:Tenth Army 1673:Sagami Bay 1662:Starvation 1544:New Guinea 1050:task force 925:conscripts 887:destroyers 798:Destroyers 772:destroyers 741:Royal Navy 721:destroyers 487:XXIV Corps 457:Tenth Army 403:Minoru Ōta 286:Roy Geiger 92:Prefecture 15145:Manchuria 15031:Indochina 14807:Bagration 14258:Lithuania 13903:Anschluss 13700:Viet Minh 13597:Lithuania 13539:Hong Kong 13302:Manchukuo 13257:Azad Hind 12916:Australia 12716:Aftermath 12579:Paperclip 12474:Aftermath 12274:Total war 12142:Diplomacy 12105:In Europe 11959:Booknotes 11366:(2002) . 10137:Morison, 10070:Morison, 9992:Morison, 9979:Morison, 9932:Morison, 9916:Morison, 9903:Morison, 9887:Morison, 9862:Morison, 9811:30 August 9370:20 August 8334:28 August 8310:Citations 7953:Aftermath 7947:Nuchigafu 7675:Callaghan 7417:6 Jun 45 7366:5 Jun 45 7341:5 Jun 45 7015:(aka USS 6887:Spectacle 6535:LCS(L)-88 6423:9 May 45 6397:9 May 45 6371:4 May 45 6345:4 May 45 6320:4 May 45 6291:4 May 45 6265:4 May 45 6239:4 May 45 6214:4 May 45 6189:4 May 45 6163:4 May 45 6138:4 May 45 6112:3 May 45 6087:3 May 45 6061:3 May 45 6035:3 May 45 5992:LCS(L)-37 5968:Hazelwood 5841:Rathburne 5789:LCS(L)-15 5737:Isherwood 5440:LCS(L)-57 5417:LCS(L)-33 5192:Tennessee 5058:9 Apr 45 5033:9 Apr 45 5008:9 Apr 45 4985:8 Apr 45 4960:8 Apr 45 4930:7 Apr 45 4904:7 Apr 45 4879:7 Apr 45 4854:7 Apr 45 4829:7 Apr 45 4804:7 Apr 45 4778:6 Apr 45 4752:6 Apr 45 4726:6 Apr 45 4701:6 Apr 45 4676:6 Apr 45 4650:6 Apr 45 4625:6 Apr 45 4599:6 Apr 45 4574:6 Apr 45 4548:6 Apr 45 4523:6 Apr 45 4497:6 Apr 45 4471:6 Apr 45 4446:6 Apr 45 4421:6 Apr 45 4395:6 Apr 45 4369:6 Apr 45 4344:5 Apr 45 4326:LCI(G)-82 4321:4 Apr 45 4298:3 Apr 45 4278:3 Apr 45 4253:3 Apr 45 4234:Pritchett 4228:3 Apr 45 4203:3 Apr 45 4178:2 Apr 45 4153:2 Apr 45 4128:2 Apr 45 4109:Dickerson 4102:2 Apr 45 4077:2 Apr 45 4052:1 Apr 45 4027:1 Apr 45 4001:1 Apr 45 3976:1 Apr 45 3951:1 Apr 45 3923:1 Apr 45 3523:USS 3515:kamikazes 3496:USS 3489:USS 3443:USS 3436:USS 3375:– 19 June 3217:attacks. 3078:Iheyajima 3001:airstrike 2993:USS 2859:and then 2843:Lt. Col. 2638:Udo Force 2572:beachhead 2568:US Marine 2519:USS 2492:HMS 2474:HMS 2470:Fireflies 2343:USS 2249:3rd Fleet 2222:, US Navy 2194:guerrilla 2174:romanized 2131:firepower 2127:divisions 2113:offensive 2101:Isamu Chō 2034:32nd Army 1935:artillery 1897:Okinawans 1860:with the 1717:Kantokuen 1624:Air raids 1539:Australia 1529:Coral Sea 1423:Singapore 1418:Hong Kong 1060:Materiel: 921:~40,000+ 643:2nd Fleet 579:32nd Army 364:Isamu Chō 207:Australia 126:26.5; 128 15256:Category 15205:document 15115:document 14972:Ardennes 14956:Budapest 14904:Crossbow 14782:Overlord 14621:Smolensk 13839:Timeline 13674:Slovakia 13660:Thailand 13511:Ethiopia 13476:Bulgaria 13400:Portugal 13331:Thailand 13213:Bulgaria 12991:Eswatini 12984:Ethiopia 12937:Bulgaria 12762:Unit 731 12723:Response 12540:Keelhaul 12490:Cold War 12463:Americas 12454:timeline 12447:Atlantic 12327:Theaters 11948:Archived 11935:Archived 11922:Archived 11904:Archived 11863:Archived 11776:Archived 11713:(2020). 11545:(1999). 11471:. Dell. 11445:Archived 11408:Archived 11252:Archived 11173:Archived 11169:BBC News 11067:Archived 11037:(2005). 11015:Archived 10996:Archived 10965:(2005). 10904:Archived 10797:Archived 10773:Archived 10750:Archived 10727:Archived 10708:Archived 10684:Archived 10660:Archived 10636:Archived 10610:Archived 10584:Archived 10504:Archived 10441:Archived 10417:Archived 10391:Archived 10352:Archived 10313:Archived 10274:Archived 10250:31 March 10244:Archived 10177:Archived 10157:, p. 279 10141:, p. 275 10093:Archived 10074:, p. 147 10061:, p. 597 10059:Twilight 10037:Archived 10011:Archived 9996:, p. 184 9983:, p. 192 9959:Archived 9920:, p. 218 9907:, p. 177 9891:, p. 176 9757:Archived 9736:Archived 9677:Archived 9566:31 March 9560:Archived 9529:Archived 9499:Archived 9249:Archived 9225:26 April 9219:Archived 9078:Archived 9054:Archived 8977:Archived 8913:Archived 8610:Archived 8328:Archived 8324:"Ryukus" 8221:Franklin 8101:See also 8080:Memorial 7923:revision 7877:leaflets 7787:Iwo Jima 7551:Halloran 7352:Cruiser 7296:Shubrick 7196:Sandoval 6760:Thatcher 6685:Longshaw 6639:Carrier 6460:Carrier 6272:Morrison 6220:Ingraham 6170:Sangamon 5815:Hutchins 5689:Missouri 5494:Carrier 5489:Intrepid 5142:Missouri 5097:Carrier 4835:Maryland 4815:Carrier 4184:Achernar 4083:New York 3982:Hinsdale 3909:Cruiser 3837:beaches 3745:Kimberly 3645:Carrier 3620:Carrier 3615:Franklin 3595:Carrier 3579:Wounded 3530:kamikaze 3478:kamikaze 3454:Franklin 3438:Franklin 3369:– 11 May 3345:– 31 May 3215:kamikaze 3210:kamikaze 3132:American 2962:tactical 2923:Yonabaru 2900:127°45′E 2659:kamikaze 2655:Ie Shima 2609:and the 2600:reserves 2582:and the 2500:kamikaze 2466:Seafires 2462:Avengers 2439:kamikaze 2351:kamikaze 2290:kamikaze 2274:kamikaze 2267:kamikaze 2263:kamikaze 2216:— 2211:kamikaze 2163:Japanese 2109:strategy 2073:kamikaze 2064:kamikaze 2025:Japanese 2019:Canadian 1972:cruisers 1890:kamikaze 1763:Japanese 1735:Chongjin 1696:Downfall 1634:Yokosuka 1451:Tiderace 1408:Thailand 1203:Iwo Jima 1008:Materiel 969:Marines: 965:Franklin 923:Okinawan 651:Strength 112:128°00′E 83:Location 15182:Shumshu 14949:Hungary 14896:Estonia 14880:Lapland 14858:Dragoon 14791:Neptune 14773:Ichi-Go 14739:Tempest 14681:Changde 14636:Cottage 14528:Jubilee 14244:Finland 14142:Compass 13848:Prelude 13801:Finland 13687:Vietnam 13653:Romania 13525:Germany 13504:Estonia 13490:Denmark 13469:Belgium 13462:Austria 13455:Albania 13386:Ireland 13372:Andorra 13356:Neutral 13316:Romania 13250:Hungary 13235:Finland 13107:Romania 12999:Finland 12977:Denmark 12923:Belgium 12909:Algeria 12615:Romania 12601:Hungary 12357:Pacific 12081:General 12035:Leaders 12020:Battles 12013:Outline 11514:8 March 11335:14 June 11310:Ryukyus 11298:14 June 11217:Sources 11149:31 July 11123:31 July 10566:5 April 10510:5 April 10155:Victory 10139:Victory 10099:10 June 10072:Victory 10043:9 April 10017:9 April 9994:Victory 9981:Victory 9965:30 June 9949:Howorth 9934:Victory 9918:Victory 9905:Victory 9889:Victory 9864:Victory 9535:5 April 9467:14 June 9445:5 April 9419:5 April 9143:2 March 8854:19 July 8733:14 June 8495:23 June 8233:action. 7824:malaria 7811:foxhole 7650:LST-534 7627:LSM-213 7576:Curtiss 7171:Drexler 7098:Rednour 7073:Forrest 6988:LSM-135 6836:O'Neill 6811:Stormes 6709:LST-808 6404:England 6144:Hopkins 5943:Haggard 5917:Comfort 5892:Pinkney 5763:Swallow 5616:Harding 5565:Pringle 5464:Sigsbee 5368:Lindsey 5293:Zellars 5064:Hopping 5039:Sterett 4966:Gregory 4935:YMS-103 4860:Bennett 4810:Hancock 4733:LST-447 4707:Defense 4555:Newcomb 4529:Mullany 4427:Howorth 4402:Colhoun 4303:LCT-876 4259:Foreman 4159:Henrico 4134:Goodhue 4008:LST-884 3939:fantail 3879:Wyandot 3835:Hagushi 3825:Skylark 3795:O'Brian 3716:Haligan 3576:Killed 3482:Thorton 3406:– 2 May 3148:Two US 3061:seppuku 2897:26°13′N 2861:Peleliu 2772:fierce 2611:Yomitan 2588:Hagushi 2586:on the 2377:Admiral 2282:Formosa 2270:sorties 2176:: 2058:Boeitai 2055:called 2053:militia 2042:drafted 2031:regular 1994:and 22 1961:Admiral 1939:Seabees 1892:attacks 1791:Okinawa 1771:Hepburn 1688:Shumshu 1573:Ellwood 1438:Vietnam 1214:Kikusui 1208:Okinawa 698:10 old 428:† 409:† 386: ( 370:† 351:† 272:† 109:26°30′N 45:of the 15159:Debate 15131:Taipei 15124:Borneo 14702:Tarawa 13896:Europe 13857:Africa 13646:Poland 13632:Norway 13611:Malaya 13590:Latvia 13532:Greece 13518:France 13414:Sweden 13379:Bhutan 13100:Poland 13086:Norway 13058:Mexico 13025:Greece 13011:France 12949:Canada 12930:Brazil 12900:Allies 12846:Serbia 12835:Poland 12608:Poland 12594:Baltic 12387:Europe 12089:Topics 12041:Allied 11752: 11732: 11699: 11679: 11658: 11639: 11620: 11597: 11574: 11555: 11531: 11505: 11475: 11439: 11388: 11378: 11352: 11321: 11284: 11047: 10973: 10933: 10877: 10533: 10397:1 June 10383: 10344: 10305: 9706: 9619: 9281: 9179: 9032: 8907: 8892:: 8794: 8719: 8703:: 8407: 8365:. 2017 8070:debate 7753:Yamato 7719:Total 7600:LSM-59 7598:* USS 7526:Twiggs 7322:LCI-90 7276:Cargo 7251:Cargo 7226:Cargo 7047:Braine 6861:Butler 6707:* USS 6609:Bright 6326:Carina 6093:Macomb 6042:Little 6016:Terror 5990:# USS 5872:Cargo 5713:LSM-28 5641:Hobson 5590:Bowers 5539:Laffey 5514:Bryant 5415:* USS 4990:YMS-92 4939:Small 4911:PGM-18 4885:Wesson 4790:Cargo 4764:Cargo 4682:Rodman 4657:Emmons 4606:Witter 4504:Morris 4478:Leutze 4350:Nevada 4324:* USS 4301:# USS 4033:Ulster 3957:Alpine 3770:Murray 3690:Nevada 3573:Cause 3553: 3541: 3462:(Judy) 3460:Suisei 3272:posth. 3237:Morale 3027:Itoman 2806:mortar 2798:napalm 2607:Kadena 2414:Yahagi 2403:Yamato 2392:Ten-Go 2384:Yamato 2373:Yamato 2326:Yamato 2278:Taiwan 2256:Kyushu 2095:, his 2044:local 1974:, 177 1929:Allied 1905:Yamato 1868:, and 1827:Allies 1825:, the 1813:. The 1458:Zipper 1444:Jurist 1413:Malaya 1372:Ceylon 1306:Midway 1221:Ten-Go 1048:Yamato 971:19,460 958:19,929 424: 405: 366: 347: 268: 233:Canada 230: 217: 204: 192: 180: 164: 137:Result 24:(film) 14935:Leyte 14765:Narva 14751:Anzio 14709:Makin 14667:Burma 14551:Torch 14520:Rzhev 14481:Kiska 13567:Korea 13553:Japan 13546:Italy 13428:Tibet 13407:Spain 13278:Italy 13039:Italy 13032:India 12956:China 12831:Japan 12431:Italy 12343:China 12295:Women 11782:5 May 11448:(PDF) 11433:(PDF) 11411:(PDF) 11404:(PDF) 11255:(PDF) 11248:(PDF) 11098:6 May 9505:6 May 9009:6 May 8983:6 May 8916:(PDF) 8901:(PDF) 8188:Notes 7725:6043 7722:4582 7609:Barry 6964:Roper 6939:Bates 6913:Barry 6734:Chase 6584:Bache 6511:Evans 5243:Purdy 5167:Idaho 4452:Hyman 3929:Adams 3570:Type 3567:Ship 3538:* 3473:class 3471:Essex 2826:feint 2720:Shuri 2521:Idaho 2406:' 2168:鉄血勤皇隊 2115:one. 1982:, 39 1970:, 27 1629:Tokyo 1617:Japan 1534:Timor 961:Navy: 956:Army: 601:44th 245:Japan 15001:1945 14729:1944 14570:1943 14498:Blue 14488:Attu 14395:1942 14154:1941 14006:1940 13944:1939 13873:Asia 13720:POWs 13560:Jews 13271:Iraq 13197:Axis 13147:Tuva 12963:Cuba 12048:Axis 11813:2006 11784:2011 11750:ISBN 11730:ISBN 11697:ISBN 11677:ISBN 11656:ISBN 11637:ISBN 11618:ISBN 11595:ISBN 11572:ISBN 11553:ISBN 11529:ISBN 11516:2016 11503:ISBN 11473:ISBN 11456:2021 11437:ASIN 11419:2021 11386:OCLC 11376:ISBN 11350:ISBN 11337:2010 11319:ISBN 11300:2010 11282:ISBN 11263:2021 11181:2017 11151:2024 11125:2024 11100:2012 11045:ISBN 10971:ISBN 10931:ISBN 10912:2013 10875:ISBN 10644:2013 10618:2013 10568:2010 10556:Time 10531:ISBN 10512:2010 10481:2013 10425:2013 10399:2022 10381:ISBN 10360:2021 10342:ISBN 10321:2021 10303:ISBN 10282:2013 10252:2010 10221:2013 10185:2013 10101:2021 10045:2020 10019:2020 9967:2021 9813:2023 9765:2013 9704:ISBN 9685:2007 9653:2011 9617:ISBN 9598:2011 9568:2010 9537:2010 9507:2012 9469:2023 9447:2010 9421:2010 9372:2024 9279:ISBN 9257:2023 9227:2018 9177:ISBN 9145:2023 9062:2013 9030:ISBN 9011:2012 8985:2012 8959:2024 8924:2021 8905:ASIN 8856:2022 8830:2013 8792:ISBN 8735:2010 8717:ISBN 8497:2023 8405:ISBN 8371:2024 8336:2020 7961:The 7773:Naha 7698:USS 7673:USS 7648:USS 7625:USS 7574:USS 7549:USS 7537:126 7524:USS 7499:USS 7475:USS 7449:USS 7421:USS 7396:USS 7370:USS 7345:USS 7320:USS 7294:USS 7194:USS 7182:158 7169:USS 7121:USS 7096:USS 7071:USS 7045:USS 7017:Inca 6962:USS 6937:USS 6911:USS 6885:USS 6859:USS 6834:USS 6809:USS 6784:USS 6758:USS 6732:USS 6683:USS 6657:USS 6632:USS 6607:USS 6582:USS 6573:119 6557:USS 6533:USS 6509:USS 6491:Ohka 6479:USS 6469:264 6466:396 6453:USS 6428:USS 6402:USS 6376:USS 6350:USS 6324:USS 6307:Ohka 6297:Shea 6295:USS 6286:102 6283:159 6270:USS 6257:149 6246:Luce 6244:USS 6218:USS 6193:USS 6184:116 6168:USS 6142:USS 6117:USS 6091:USS 6066:USS 6040:USS 6030:123 6014:USS 5966:USS 5941:USS 5915:USS 5890:USS 5839:USS 5813:USS 5787:USS 5761:USS 5735:USS 5711:USS 5687:USS 5663:USS 5639:USS 5614:USS 5588:USS 5579:110 5563:USS 5537:USS 5512:USS 5487:USS 5462:USS 5438:USS 5391:USS 5366:USS 5341:USS 5318:Rall 5316:USS 5291:USS 5266:USS 5241:USS 5216:USS 5206:104 5190:USS 5165:USS 5140:USS 5117:Kidd 5115:USS 5090:USS 5062:USS 5037:USS 5012:USS 4988:USS 4964:USS 4947:stem 4909:USS 4883:USS 4858:USS 4833:USS 4808:USS 4731:USS 4705:USS 4680:USS 4655:USS 4629:USS 4604:USS 4578:USS 4553:USS 4527:USS 4502:USS 4476:USS 4450:USS 4425:USS 4400:USS 4376:Bush 4374:USS 4348:USS 4257:USS 4232:USS 4207:USS 4182:USS 4173:125 4157:USS 4148:119 4132:USS 4107:USS 4081:USS 4056:USS 4031:HMS 4006:USS 3980:USS 3955:USS 3927:USS 3902:USS 3877:USS 3852:USS 3823:USS 3793:USS 3784:116 3768:USS 3743:USS 3731:153 3714:USS 3688:USS 3663:USS 3638:USS 3629:487 3626:807 3613:USS 3604:269 3601:102 3590:Wasp 3588:USS 3564:Day 3458:D4Y 3398:Navy 3331:Army 3165:and 3092:Two 2783:The 2713:and 2711:96th 2549:Naha 2468:and 2425:The 2086:and 2084:24th 2050:rear 2017:and 1990:, 6 1986:(11 1854:27th 1797:and 1756:The 1639:Kure 1326:Truk 776:251 719:132 90:and 73:Date 7855:by 7714:45 7711:22 7689:73 7686:47 7663:35 7640:10 7590:28 7587:41 7565:24 7540:34 7514:29 7511:11 7491:61 7412:27 7409:10 7361:45 7310:28 7307:32 7282:10 7269:SS 7260:11 7244:SS 7235:16 7219:SS 7210:26 7185:51 7156:12 7137:15 7123:Loy 7112:13 7087:13 7061:78 7058:66 7010:SS 7001:10 6998:11 6978:10 6953:35 6950:21 6927:30 6898:29 6875:15 6850:16 6822:21 6774:53 6771:14 6748:35 6722:11 6719:11 6699:97 6696:86 6673:35 6648:68 6645:14 6598:32 6595:41 6570:54 6525:29 6522:30 6499:67 6496:28 6444:53 6418:27 6415:35 6392:23 6389:13 6366:18 6363:13 6315:91 6312:27 6260:94 6234:37 6231:14 6209:81 6206:51 6181:46 6133:16 6107:14 6082:49 6079:45 6056:79 6053:30 6027:48 5982:26 5979:46 5957:40 5954:11 5931:48 5928:30 5906:12 5903:35 5881:27 5878:12 5865:SS 5803:11 5800:15 5785:* 5751:41 5748:42 5678:12 5675:12 5630:10 5627:22 5604:56 5601:48 5576:65 5553:72 5550:31 5528:33 5525:34 5503:87 5500:10 5478:74 5430:29 5382:51 5379:56 5357:37 5354:37 5332:38 5329:21 5307:37 5304:29 5282:59 5257:27 5254:13 5232:35 5229:79 5203:25 5131:55 5128:38 5106:18 5081:18 4925:14 4922:14 4899:23 4874:18 4849:37 4846:16 4824:82 4821:72 4799:11 4796:16 4783:SS 4770:15 4757:SS 4747:17 4696:20 4693:16 4671:71 4668:64 4594:25 4569:24 4566:40 4543:45 4540:13 4492:34 4466:40 4463:10 4441:14 4416:21 4413:35 4390:32 4387:94 4364:16 4339:11 4293:21 4198:41 4170:49 4145:24 4123:23 4120:54 4072:23 4022:21 4019:24 3996:39 3993:16 3971:27 3968:16 3918:20 3868:32 3865:15 3843:25 3813:76 3810:50 3805:Val 3759:57 3734:39 3704:49 3701:11 3679:29 3676:12 3654:28 2815:by 2472:on 2080:9th 1866:2nd 1862:1st 1850:7th 1793:by 1767:沖縄戦 770:12 726:45 712:17 705:14 684:18 389:POW 15274:: 14749:/ 11795:. 11443:. 11384:. 11370:. 11317:. 11280:. 11276:. 11198:. 11167:. 11141:. 11116:. 11073:. 10979:. 10902:. 10898:. 10819:, 10803:, 10779:, 10756:, 10733:, 10590:, 10554:. 10502:. 10498:. 10467:. 10447:, 10389:. 10350:. 10311:. 10268:. 10242:. 10238:. 10162:^ 10146:^ 10087:. 9953:. 9925:^ 9896:^ 9804:, 9800:. 9794:. 9669:. 9639:. 9584:. 9558:. 9554:. 9523:. 9400:^ 9301:. 9265:^ 9247:. 9243:. 9217:. 9213:. 9175:. 9173:39 9153:^ 9136:. 9123:^ 9109:. 9093:^ 8949:. 8911:. 8876:^ 8806:^ 8776:^ 8715:. 8711:. 8621:^ 8574:^ 8487:. 8391:^ 8361:. 8060:: 8019:: 7671:* 7660:3 7637:3 7617:8 7614:2 7562:3 7522:* 7488:0 7473:* 7465:4 7462:1 7440:0 7437:0 7394:# 7386:2 7383:1 7358:8 7336:7 7333:1 7318:# 7285:4 7257:0 7232:4 7207:8 7167:* 7159:6 7134:3 7109:3 7084:5 7069:# 7036:2 7033:8 7019:) 6986:* 6975:1 6935:* 6924:0 6909:* 6901:6 6883:# 6872:0 6847:0 6825:6 6800:0 6797:0 6782:# 6756:# 6745:0 6730:# 6681:* 6670:9 6623:2 6620:0 6548:9 6545:7 6507:# 6477:# 6441:8 6426:# 6400:# 6374:* 6348:* 6340:6 6337:0 6268:* 6242:* 6166:# 6158:1 6155:0 6130:8 6115:* 6104:7 6064:# 6038:* 6005:4 6002:0 5939:# 5863:* 5855:0 5852:0 5837:# 5829:0 5826:0 5811:# 5777:9 5774:2 5759:* 5726:0 5723:0 5703:2 5700:0 5655:8 5652:4 5612:# 5561:* 5475:4 5453:6 5450:2 5427:4 5407:4 5404:0 5279:1 5214:* 5181:0 5178:0 5156:0 5153:0 5103:1 5078:2 5053:9 5050:0 5028:0 5025:0 5003:0 5000:0 4980:2 4977:0 4955:0 4952:5 4933:* 4907:* 4896:8 4871:3 4781:* 4773:3 4755:* 4744:5 4729:* 4721:9 4718:0 4653:* 4645:6 4642:6 4620:5 4617:0 4602:# 4591:7 4551:# 4518:5 4515:0 4500:# 4489:7 4474:# 4438:9 4398:* 4372:* 4361:2 4336:8 4316:2 4313:0 4290:0 4273:3 4270:0 4248:0 4245:0 4223:0 4220:0 4195:5 4105:* 4097:2 4094:0 4069:4 4047:1 4044:2 4004:# 3946:0 3943:0 3915:9 3893:1 3890:0 3840:5 3821:* 3781:1 3756:4 3712:* 3651:9 3226:: 3054:, 3029:. 2980:, 2625:. 2464:, 2171:, 2165:: 2082:, 2013:, 2002:. 1864:, 1852:, 1773:: 1769:, 1765:: 1609:PX 1518:RY 885:8 879:1 873:1 836:1 816:2 796:4 764:4 758:2 752:6 746:5 691:8 677:6 670:7 567:: 98:, 94:, 14252:) 14246:( 13113:) 13109:( 13045:) 13041:( 13005:) 13001:( 12943:) 12939:( 11993:e 11986:t 11979:v 11815:. 11786:. 11758:. 11738:. 11705:. 11685:. 11664:. 11645:. 11626:. 11603:. 11580:. 11561:. 11537:. 11518:. 11490:. 11481:. 11458:. 11421:. 11392:. 11358:. 11339:. 11302:. 11265:. 11235:. 11183:. 11153:. 11127:. 11102:. 11053:. 10939:. 10914:. 10883:. 10646:. 10620:. 10570:. 10539:. 10514:. 10483:. 10427:. 10401:. 10362:. 10323:. 10284:. 10254:. 10223:. 10187:. 10103:. 10047:. 10021:. 9969:. 9951:" 9815:. 9767:. 9712:. 9687:. 9655:. 9625:. 9600:. 9570:. 9539:. 9509:. 9471:. 9449:. 9423:. 9374:. 9287:. 9259:. 9229:. 9185:. 9147:. 9064:. 9038:. 9013:. 8987:. 8961:. 8926:. 8858:. 8832:. 8800:. 8737:. 8499:. 8413:. 8373:. 8338:. 3550:# 3278:) 2926:( 2863:. 2737:( 2367:( 2161:( 1978:/ 1779:) 1761:( 1295:K 1256:e 1249:t 1242:v 1180:e 1173:t 1166:v 1010:: 723:, 716:, 709:, 702:, 695:, 688:, 681:, 674:, 623:: 517:: 445:: 392:) 53:) 49:( 26:.

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index