102:
118:
790:
85:
1043:
892:, afterwards the emperor Frederick I. The earlier Hohenstaufen increased the imperial domain in Swabia, where they received steady support, although ecclesiastical influences were very strong. In 1152 Frederick I gave the duchy to his kinsman,
848:, Margrave of Austria. Ernest I held the duchy for his son until his own death in 1015, when Gisela undertook the government, and was married a second time, to Conrad, duke of Franconia, who was afterwards the German king
816:, who had married Hermann's daughter Ida; but he reduced the ducal privileges and appointed counts palatine to watch the royal interests. Liudolf revolted, and was deposed, and other dukes followed in quick succession.
872:, count of Rheinfelden, was the next duke, and in 1077 he was chosen German king in opposition to the emperor Henry IV, but found little support in Swabia, which was given by Henry to his faithful adherent,
900:, was chosen German king in 1198. During his struggle for the throne Philip purchased support by large cessions of Swabian lands, and the duchy remained in the royal hands during the reign of
706:
the counts became almost independent, and a struggle for supremacy took place between them and the
Bishops of Constance. From about 900, two chief dynasties emerged: the Hunfriding counts in
836:. During these years the Swabians were loyal to the kings of the Saxon house, probably owing to the influence of the bishops. Hermann III had no children, and the succession passed to
920:, setting out in 1266 to take possession of Sicily, pledged his Swabian inheritance to Ulrich II, count of Württemberg. The duchy fell into abeyance after Conradin's death in 1268.
117:
101:
884:
Frederick had to fight for his position with
Bertold, son of Duke Rudolph, and the duke's son-in-law, Bertold II, duke of Zahringen, to whom he ceded the Breisgau in 1096.
956:. Although the name Swabia is occasionally used in a general way to denote the district formerly occupied by the duchy, the exact use of the name is now confined to the
738:, Bertold and Erchanger, were accused of treason. Erchanger proclaimed himself duke in 915, but was put to death by order of the German king Conrad I two years later.
390:
376:
362:
348:
334:
320:
295:
1105:
691:
in the east, did not form, either ethnologically or geographically, a very strong boundary, and there was a good deal of intercommunion between the two peoples.
1110:
537:
detached itself from the
Swabian duchy in the 12th century. The remaining duchy persisted until 1268, ending with the execution of the last Hohenstaufen duke
896:, count of Rothenburg and duke of Franconia, after whose death in 1167 it was held successively by three sons of the emperor, the youngest of whom,
1120:
1063:
17:
1058:
852:. When Ernest came of age he quarrelled with his step-father, who deposed him and, in 1030, gave the duchy to Gisela's second son,
745:, son of the late Burchard I and count in Raetia Curiensis, took the title of duke. Burchard secured his rule by defending the
761:
territory up to Lake
Constance by capitalising on the feud between the Ahalolfing and Hunfriding dynasties. He occupied the
617:
The
Alamanni in the 7th century retained much of their former independence, Frankish rule being mostly nominal, but in 709,
1125:
629:
in 746 marked the end of the old stem duchy, and the
Alamanni now came fully under Frankish administration. Charles' son
821:
599:
522:, who held it, with a brief interruption, from 1079 until 1268. For much of this period, the Hohenstaufen were also
929:
905:
889:
769:
and marched into the
Thurgau from there. He was defeated by Burchard near Winterthur and was forced to abandon
369:
84:
383:
857:
849:
893:
885:
817:
1115:
901:
873:
833:
742:
507:
853:
829:
809:
727:
550:
549:
in 1273, attempted to revive the
Swabian ducal title, bestowing it on his youngest son, the later Duke
860:, his own son by Gisela. In 1045 Henry, who had become German king as Henry III, granted Alamannia to
837:
802:
499:
1100:
865:
845:
825:
945:
722:
and Danube rivers. Their members were sometimes called margraves and sometimes, as in the case of
313:
861:
813:
723:
980:
909:
750:
603:
869:
595:
327:
1048:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
530:
949:
913:
801:
Burchard's position was virtually independent, and when he died in 926 he was succeeded by
626:
534:
341:
8:
794:
611:
542:
511:
953:
777:. Duke Burchard's rule subsequently was acknowledged as such by the newly elected king
703:
672:
546:
523:
431:
557:. John died without an heir, in 1312 or 1313, marking the end of the "revived" title.
1081:
933:
820:, son of Burchard II, ruled from 954 to 973, when he was succeeded by Liudolf's son,
687:, and down the Danube to the Lech tributary. The Lech, separating Alamannia from the
646:
355:
247:
214:
191:
151:
864:, grandson of the emperor Otto II and count palatine of the Rhine, and, in 1048, to
481:
in the south. The name of the larger stem duchy was often used interchangeably with
985:
962:
897:
841:
832:, possibly a son of Conrad, succeeded, and, dying in 1003, was followed by his son
778:
707:
695:
688:
618:
607:
488:
957:
937:
634:
630:
461:, the stem duchy comprised a much larger territory, stretching from the Alsatian
434:. It arose in the 10th century in the southwestern area that had been settled by
411:
52:
990:
941:
940:
in 1512, one, which was practically coterminous with the duchy, was called the
758:
735:
680:
659:
622:
554:
439:
419:
181:
177:
147:
123:
107:
66:
28:
762:
1094:
1054:
1049:
774:
715:
478:
789:
699:
519:
466:
142:
90:
676:
664:
642:
503:
495:
1067:. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 176.
594:
who were dependent on the
Frankish kings. In the 7th century the people
754:
684:
491:, until about the 11th century, when the form Swabia began to prevail.
427:
138:
668:
571:
483:
470:
300:
201:
770:
766:
968:
917:
734:
of
Alamannia. However, he was killed in 911, for which two Swabian
581:
577:
538:
515:
435:
746:
585:
995:
719:
462:
458:
446:
1000:
454:
450:
204:
663:(counties), took the shape which it retained throughout the
944:. The area, which was formerly Swabia, was covered by the
465:
mountain range in the west to the right bank of the river
590:
657:
At this time the duchy, which was divided into numerous
888:succeeded his father in 1105, and was followed by
518:. The most notable family to hold Swabia were the
1079:Die Welfen. Herrschaft und Erinnerung (819–1252).
856:and then, on the death of Hermann IV in 1038, to
633:abolished the tribal duke and ruled Alamannia by
625:again reduced them to dependence. The so-called
1092:
793:Stem duchies of the German kingdom 919–1125, by
912:, and, after his rebellion in 1235, to his son
1106:States and territories established in the 910s
34:One of five stem duchies of the German Kingdom
1111:States and territories disestablished in 1313
908:in 1214. Frederick granted Swabia to his son
805:, a Franconian noble, who married his widow.
960:
44:
828:, a relative of Duke Hermann I, until 997.
702:. During the later and weaker years of the
652:
621:conquered the territory and in 730 his son
606:, and in the 8th century notable abbeys at
58:
824:, afterwards duke of Bavaria, to 982, and
494:The Duchy of Swabia was proclaimed by the
116:
100:
1036:
757:. Rudolph II had attempted to expand his
529:After a centuries-long struggle with the
1053:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
788:
126:(green) and the Duchy of Swabia (orange)
726:, dukes. Finally, the Hunfriding count
502:in 915. He had allied himself with his
14:
1121:10th-century establishments in Germany
1093:
453:, dwelling in the angle formed by the
1013:
784:
923:
110:around the start of the 11th century
24:
749:region against the claims of King
25:
1137:
879:
714:) and the Ahalolfings ruling the
667:. It stretched south of Frankish
246:• Duchy resurrected for the
1041:
645:married the Alamannian princess
449:takes its name from the ancient
388:
374:
360:
346:
332:
318:
293:
83:
122:Map showing the territories of
106:The Duchy of Swabia within the
1071:
812:gave the duchy to his own son
13:
1:
598:, bishoprics were founded at
580:tribes were defeated by King
445:While the historic region of
952:and the western part of the
741:Upon Erchanger's execution,
565:
7:
1126:Former monarchies of Europe
974:
840:, son of his eldest sister
553:, who passed it to his son
384:Principality of Fürstenberg
10:
1142:
588:, and governed by several
569:
560:
236:• Duchy discontinued
26:
18:Battle of Winterthur (919)
876:, count of Hohenstaufen.
808:When Hermann died in 948
718:estates around the upper
596:converted to Christianity
272:
268:
258:
244:
234:
224:
220:
210:
197:
187:
173:
163:
131:
115:
99:
80:
75:
39:
27:For a list of dukes, see
1084:, Stuttgart 2000, 82–83.
1006:
868:, count of Schweinfurt.
797:: Swabia in light orange
773:, retreating beyond the
653:Formation of a new duchy
627:Blood Court at Cannstatt
1064:Encyclopædia Britannica
981:List of Alamannic pagi
967:, with its capital at
961:
798:
751:Rudolph II of Burgundy
469:in the east and up to
426:) was one of the five
260:• Disestablished
59:
45:
1077:Bernd Schneidmüller,
946:County of Württemberg
792:
753:in the 919 Battle of
328:Old Swiss Confederacy
314:County of Württemberg
174:Common languages
950:Margraviate of Baden
698:, Alamannia fell to
584:, incorporated into
551:Rudolf II of Austria
535:Margraviate of Baden
342:Margraviate of Baden
795:William R. Shepherd
524:Holy Roman Emperors
512:Conrad I of Germany
1116:915 establishments
954:Kingdom of Bavaria
799:
785:Younger stem duchy
704:Carolingian Empire
673:Duchy of Franconia
547:King of the Romans
543:Rudolf of Habsburg
531:House of Zähringen
510:and defeated King
416:Herzogtum Schwaben
226:• Proclaimed
46:Herzogtum Schwaben
1082:Kohlhammer Verlag
934:Holy Roman Empire
928:When the emperor
924:Post-ducal Swabia
724:Rudolf of Rhaetia
424:Ducatus Allemaniæ
404:
403:
400:
399:
396:
395:
370:County of Zollern
356:Duchy of Burgundy
306:
305:
215:Early Middle Ages
192:Roman Catholicism
156:
152:Holy Roman Empire
60:Ducatus Allemaniæ
16:(Redirected from
1133:
1085:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1038:
986:Raetia Curiensis
966:
963:Regierungsbezirk
938:Imperial Circles
779:Henry the Fowler
759:Upper Burgundian
708:Raetia Curiensis
696:Treaty of Verdun
689:Duchy of Bavaria
619:Pepin of Herstal
608:Reichenau Island
489:High Middle Ages
430:of the medieval
392:
391:
378:
377:
364:
363:
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297:
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274:
273:
154:
120:
104:
87:
70:
62:
56:
48:
37:
36:
21:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1101:Duchy of Swabia
1091:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1076:
1072:
1057:, ed. (1911). "
1042:
1040:
1039:
1014:
1009:
977:
958:Bavarian Swabia
926:
882:
787:
736:counts palatine
655:
635:counts palatine
631:Pepin the Short
574:
568:
563:
514:in a battle at
498:count palatine
408:Duchy of Swabia
389:
375:
361:
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237:
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71:
64:
57:
50:
42:
41:Duchy of Swabia
35:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1139:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1087:
1086:
1070:
1055:Chisholm, Hugh
1011:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1004:
1003:
998:
993:
991:Swabian Circle
988:
983:
976:
973:
942:Swabian Circle
925:
922:
904:, and came to
881:
880:Staufer period
878:
810:Otto the Great
786:
783:
681:Lake Constance
654:
651:
623:Charles Martel
570:Main article:
567:
564:
562:
559:
555:John Parricida
440:Late Antiquity
432:German Kingdom
402:
401:
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124:Upper Burgundy
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108:German Kingdom
105:
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93:(13th century)
89:
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78:
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29:Duke of Swabia
9:
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1099:
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1080:
1074:
1066:
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1051:
1050:public domain
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890:Frederick III
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479:Gotthard Pass
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54:
47:
38:
30:
19:
1078:
1073:
1062:
932:divided the
930:Maximilian I
927:
916:, whose son
906:Frederick II
886:Frederick II
883:
818:Burchard III
807:
800:
740:
731:
711:
700:East Francia
693:
675:) along the
658:
656:
638:
616:
589:
575:
528:
520:Hohenstaufen
493:
482:
474:
444:
428:stem duchies
423:
415:
407:
405:
283:Succeeded by
282:
277:
167:
143:East Francia
91:Hohenstaufen
874:Frederick I
834:Hermann III
743:Burchard II
730:was called
694:By the 843
677:Upper Rhine
671:(the later
665:Middle Ages
643:Charlemagne
639:Kammerboten
576:In 496 the
508:Burchard II
487:during the
278:Preceded by
1095:Categories
854:Hermann IV
830:Hermann II
755:Winterthur
728:Burchard I
712:Churrätien
685:High Rhine
612:Saint Gall
545:, elected
504:Hunfriding
496:Ahalolfing
438:tribes in
198:Government
155:(from 962)
139:Stem duchy
894:Frederick
850:Conrad II
838:Ernest II
683:, up the
669:Austrasia
647:Hildegard
604:Constance
572:Alemannia
566:Alamannia
500:Erchanger
484:Alamannia
471:Chiavenna
301:Alamannia
248:Habsburgs
202:Feudalism
188:Religion
975:See also
969:Augsburg
918:Conradin
866:Otto III
846:Ernest I
826:Conrad I
649:in 771.
600:Augsburg
582:Clovis I
578:Alamanni
541:. Count
539:Conradin
516:Wahlwies
457:and the
436:Alemanni
76:915–1313
1052::
902:Otto IV
870:Rudolph
814:Liudolf
803:Hermann
747:Thurgau
641:. King
586:Francia
561:History
182:Swabian
164:Capital
150:of the
1059:Swabia
1046:
996:Swabia
948:, the
914:Conrad
898:Philip
842:Gisela
771:Zürich
767:Zürich
763:palace
720:Neckar
533:, the
506:rival
477:) and
475:Kleven
463:Vosges
459:Danube
447:Swabia
412:German
132:Status
63:
53:German
49:
1007:Notes
1001:Suebi
936:into
910:Henry
858:Henry
775:Reuss
637:, or
591:duces
455:Rhine
451:Suebi
420:Latin
205:Duchy
178:Latin
148:State
67:Latin
862:Otto
844:and
822:Otto
716:Baar
660:Gaue
610:and
602:and
467:Lech
406:The
264:1313
254:1289
240:1268
168:None
1061:".
765:at
732:dux
230:915
141:of
1097::
1015:^
971:.
781:.
679:,
614:.
526:.
442:.
422::
418:;
414::
710:(
473:(
410:(
69:)
65:(
55:)
51:(
31:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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