27:
66:). Baygalls are recognized as a discrete ecosystem by ecologists and the swamps have been described as "distinct wetland communities in the Natural Communities of Louisiana". Baygall swamps are most often found in the low lying margins of floodplains and bottomlands with little or poor drainage to the main creek, bayou, or river channel. Baygall or bayhead swamps found on slopes and hillsides are sometimes referred to as a forest seep or hanging bogs. Hanging bogs are typically found in hardwood-pine forests. Most baygall swamps are semi-permanently saturated, or flooded.
78:
wetlands, ranging from wet and saturated soils and leaf litter, to a few inches of stagnate or very slowly moving water, although some may occasionally be deeper depending on topography and rainfall. Most are also under closed or nearly closed canopies. Occasionally, larger and deeper baygalls may have open water at the center with floating vegetation such as the fragrant water-lily (
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77:
The characteristics of a bayhead swamp are mostly broad, shallow drains, which can be found near margins of bottomlands and floodplains with little or no drainage. They most often receive a slow, but steady supply of water from seepage at the base of slopes and bluffs. Baygalls are relatively shallow
640:
552:
Watson, Geraldine Ellis (2006) Big
Thicket Plant Ecology: An Introduction, Third Edition (Temple Big Thicket Series #5). University of North Texas Press. 152 pp.
615:
Ajilvsgi, Geyata (1979) Wild
Flowers of the Big Thicket: East Texas, and Western Louisiana. Texas A&M University Press. College Station, Texas 361 pp.
587:
87:
High acidity levels distinguish baygalls from other wetlands and they often support plant communities that are distinct form adjacent areas.
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and creeks in the bottomlands. A baygall may be no more than a small pool or they can be a mile across. The Jack Gore
Baygall Unit of the
684:
Peacock, Howard (1994) Nature Lover's Guide to the Big
Thicket. Texas A&M. University Press. College Station, Texas. 169 pp.
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Baygalls are relatively shallow wetlands that typically form on the terraces of forest slopes or on the margins of floodplains.
26:
669:
557:
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Baygalls are typically found in densely forested areas. Over-story trees associated with baygalls include baldcypress (
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is often associated with baygalls. Sometimes referred to as acid bog baygalls, baygalls typically have very low
99:
region of
Southeast Texas, USA. The acidic waters that drain from baygalls can contribute significantly to
30:
A baygall in the Big
Thicket National Preserve, Jack Gore Baygall Unit, Hardin Co. Texas; 6 November 2019
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National
Preserve at 12 square miles is said to be is the largest in the world.
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591:. Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
294:
192:
653:
274:) may be found in the herbaceous layer. Several species of orchid (
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290:
43:
638:
Texas Parks and
Wildlife. Ecological Mapping systems of Texas:
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95:. Levels as low as 4.5 are not uncommon in the baygalls of the
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or of conservation concern in various states and countries.
47:
169:) are usually associated with hanging bogs or forest seeps.
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654:Fiona Sunquist; Mel Sunquist; Les Beletsky (2008).
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172:Understory species include smooth or hazel alder (
641:West Gulf Coastal Plain Seepage Swamp and Baygall
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16:Swamp habitat where bay laurels predominate
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25:
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278:) are also associated with baygalls.
247:Ferns such as net-veined chain fern (
121:), swamp tupelo or swamp blackgum (
54:is derived from sweetbay magnolia (
13:
286:The baygall swamps have around 20
196:), Virginia willow or sweetspire (
14:
719:
585:Natural Communities of Louisiana:
282:Species of conservation concern
647:
178:), swamp titi or leatherwood (
1:
518:
60:) and sweet gallberry holly (
7:
588:Bayhead Swamp/Forested Seep
344:Southern dusky salamander (
293:which are considered to be
10:
724:
301:
18:
310:Pepper and salt skipper (
347:Desmognathus auriculatus
232:), possum-haw viburnum (
110:
21:Bayhead (disambiguation)
462:Limnothlypis swainsonii
432:Yellow-throated vireo (
154:Liquidambar styraciflua
450:Prothonotary warbler (
414:Yellow-billed cuckoo (
136:Fraxinus pennsylvanica
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42:is a specific type of
31:
644:Retrieved 7 July 2020
381:Myotis austroriparius
378:Southeastern myotis (
356:Pseudotriton montanus
72:
29:
459:Swainson's warbler (
426:Hylocichla mustelina
387:Long-tailed weasel (
369:Southeastern shrew (
238:), muscadine grape (
229:Toxicodendron vernix
184:), sweet gallberry (
19:For other uses, see
453:Protonotaria citrea
444:Setophaga americana
417:Coccyzus americanus
405:American woodcock (
331:Feniseca tarquinius
319:Falcate orangetip (
271:Osmunda spectabilis
268:), and royal fern (
256:), sensitive fern (
190:), American holly (
181:Cyrilla racemiflora
160:Magnolia virginiana
57:Magnolia virginiana
498:Euphagus carolinus
471:Geothlypis formosa
468:Kentucky warbler (
372:Sorex longirostris
313:Amblyscirtes hegon
265:Osmunda cinnamomea
262:), cinnamon fern (
259:Onoclea sensibilis
241:Vitis rotundifolia
163:). Longleaf pine (
142:Quercus laurifolia
118:Taxodium distichum
75:
50:habitat. The name
32:
516:
515:
495:Rusty blackbird (
486:Painted bunting (
480:Setophaga citrina
441:Northern parula (
322:Anthocharis midea
226:), poison sumac (
223:Smilax laurifolia
214:), swamp redbay (
157:), and sweetbay (
101:blackwater rivers
715:
692:
682:
676:
675:
651:
645:
636:
623:
613:
592:
583:
560:
550:
504:Orchard oriole (
477:Hooded warbler (
435:Vireo flavifrons
353:Mud salamander (
300:
299:
220:), bamboo-vine (
217:Persea palustris
205:Morella cerifera
81:Nymphaea odorata
723:
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662:Interlink Books
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551:
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507:Icterus spurius
489:Passerina ciris
390:Neogale frenata
284:
211:Persea borbonia
202:), wax-myrtle (
175:Alnus serrulata
166:Pinus palustris
139:), laurel oak (
113:
24:
17:
12:
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5:
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664:. p. 19.
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235:Viburnum nudum
199:Itea virginica
145:), water oak (
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423:Wood thrush (
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187:Ilex coriacea
183:
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151:), sweetgum (
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148:Quercus nigra
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124:Nyssa biflora
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63:Ilex coriacea
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328:Harvester (
305:Butterflies
276:Orchidaceae
130:Acer rubrum
105:Big Thicket
97:Big Thicket
519:References
339:Amphibians
295:endangered
250:Lorinseria
193:Ilex opaca
93:pH levels
702:Category
253:areolata
89:Sphagnum
657:Florida
364:Mammals
291:species
52:baygall
44:wetland
40:baygall
36:bayhead
708:Swamps
688:
668:
619:
556:
288:animal
400:Birds
111:Flora
48:swamp
686:ISBN
666:ISBN
617:ISBN
554:ISBN
244:).
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46:or
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627:^
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23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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