4524:
2398:
4366:
2467:
2236:
3350:
1965:
5444:
4169:
14292:
3526:
2632:
104:
3276:
1610:
5374:
3821:
3646:
4473:
181:
3133:
3925:
16077:
2892:
4132:
3813:
5120:
2397:
5510:
8187:
Eileen; Sechrest, Wes; Price, Lori; Baillie, Jonathan E. M.; Weeden, Don; Suckling, Kierán; Davis, Crystal; Sizer, Nigel; Moore, Rebecca; Thau, David; Birch, Tanya; Potapov, Peter; Turubanova, Svetlana; Tyukavina, Alexandra; de Souza, Nadia; Pintea, Lilian; Brito, José C.; Llewellyn, Othman A.; Miller, Anthony G.; Patzelt, Annette; Ghazanfar, Shahina A.; Timberlake, Jonathan; Klöser, Heinz; Shennan-Farpón, Yara; Kindt, Roeland; Lillesø, Jens-Peter
Barnekow; van Breugel, Paulo; Graudal, Lars; Voge, Maianna; Al-Shammari, Khalaf F.; Saleem, Muhammad (2017).
4179:
3229:
4899:
4142:
2933:
2912:
16398:
5518:
4608:
3086:
3450:
3023:
1288:
2751:
16432:
16359:
819:
2107:
15767:
14597:
90:
16474:
16242:
16181:
16168:
16129:
16116:
4792:
3412:
2554:
16372:
14609:
16268:
16205:
16307:
16142:
5106:
16320:
16255:
16229:
16064:
16461:
1713:
16500:
16385:
16294:
191:
16526:
16346:
16333:
16281:
4749:
16513:
16487:
16103:
16155:
16090:
796:
777:
744:
725:
5445:
844:
5408:
3259:, a supranational confederation between Belarus and Russia, was established in a 1996–99 series of treaties that called for monetary union, equal rights, single citizenship, and a common foreign and defense policy. However, the future of the union has been placed in doubt because of Belarus's repeated delays of monetary union, the lack of a referendum date for the draft constitution, and a
1821:
2248:
4523:
2657:. Neither is Lukashenko recognized as the legitimate president of Belarus by the European Union, Canada, the United Kingdom or the United States. The European Union, Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States have all imposed sanctions against Belarus because of the rigged election and political oppression during the ongoing protests in the country.
3844:. In 2019, the share of manufacturing in GDP was 31%, over two-thirds of this amount fell on manufacturing industries. Manufacturing employed 34.7% of the workforce. Manufacturing growth is much smaller than for the economy as a whole—about 2.2% in 2021. Important agricultural products include potatoes and cattle byproducts, including meat.
3733:) elected by its residents, and an executive authority or raion administration appointed by oblast executive powers. The city of Minsk is split into nine districts and enjoys special status as the nation's capital at the same administration level as the oblasts. It is run by an executive committee and has been granted a charter of self-rule.
12376:
3054:, which deals with specific issues related to constitutional and business law. The judges of national courts are appointed by the president and confirmed by the Council of the Republic. For criminal cases, the highest court of appeal is the Supreme Court. The Belarusian Constitution forbids the use of special extrajudicial courts.
3377:, who serve for 12 months if they have higher education or 18 months if they do not. Demographic decreases in the Belarusians of conscription age have increased the importance of contract soldiers, who numbered 12,000 in 2001. In 2005, about 1.4% of Belarus's gross domestic product was devoted to military expenditure.
3880:. In the 1990s, industrial production plunged due to decreases in imports, investment, and demand for Belarusian products from its trading partners. GDP only began to rise in 1996; the country was the fastest-recovering former Soviet republic in the terms of its economy. In 2006, GDP amounted to US$ 83.1 billion in
3491:, Belarus is ranked 153th out of 180 countries for 2022. The Belarusian government is also criticized for human rights violations and its persecution of non-governmental organizations, independent journalists, national minorities, and opposition politicians. Lukashenko announced a new law in 2014 that will prohibit
4604:
intellectuals and nationalist advocates were either exiled or killed in
Stalinist purges. The free development of literature occurred only in Polish-held territory until Soviet occupation in 1939. Several poets and authors went into exile after the Nazi occupation of Belarus and would not return until the 1960s.
3765:
level above; the chairs of executive committees for towns of raion subordination, settlements and villages are appointed by their councils, but upon the recommendation of the raion executive committees. In either case, the councils have the power to approve or reject a nonimee for executive committee chair.
2038:. It existed from only 1918 to 1919 but created prerequisites for the formation of a Belarusian state. The choice of name was probably based on the fact that core members of the newly formed government were educated in tsarist universities, with corresponding emphasis on the ideology of West-Russianism.
11395:
3915:
The labor force consists of more than 4 million people, of whom women are slightly more than men. In 2005, nearly a quarter of the population was employed in industrial factories. Employment is also high in agriculture, manufacturing sales, trading goods, and education. The unemployment rate was 1.5%
4689:
in 1996 as the top ballet company in the world. Rock music has become increasingly popular in recent years, though the
Belarusian government has attempted to limit the amount of foreign music aired on the radio in favor of traditional Belarusian music. Since 2004, Belarus has been sending artists to
2535:
campaigned for early elections later in the year, two years before they were scheduled. By May of that year, about 383,000 signatures had been collected for a petition to hold the referendum, which was 23,000 more than legally required to be put to a referendum at the time. Despite this, the meeting
4077:
is +0.38 per 1,000, indicating that
Belarus experiences slightly more immigration than emigration. As of 2015, 69.9% of Belarus's population is aged 14 to 64; 15.5% is under 14, and 14.6% is 65 or older. Its population is also aging; the median age of 30–34 is estimated to rise to between 60 and 64
3967:
On 23 May 2011, the ruble depreciated 56% against the United States dollar. The depreciation was even steeper on the black market and financial collapse seemed imminent as citizens rushed to exchange their rubles for dollars, euros, durable goods, and canned goods. On 1 June 2011, Belarus requested
3178:
received less than 3% of the vote; independent observers criticized the election as fraudulent. When opposition protesters took to the streets in Minsk, many people, including some presidential candidates, were beaten and arrested by the riot police. Many of the candidates, including
Sannikov, were
2540:
to ultimately decide the date for said referendum was delayed by six months. However, with no evidence to suggest such, the
Supreme Council rejected the petition on the grounds of massive irregularities. Elections for the Supreme Council were set for March 1994. A new law on parliamentary elections
2839:
is around 43% of the total land area, equivalent to 8,767,600 hectares (ha) of forest in 2020, up from 7,780,000 hectares (ha) in 1990. In 2020, naturally regenerating forest covered 6,555,600 hectares (ha) and planted forest covered 2,212,000 hectares (ha). Of the naturally regenerating forest 2%
2376:
devastated
Belarus. During that time, 209 out of 290 towns and cities were destroyed, 85% of the republic's industry, and more than one million buildings. After the war, it was estimated that 2.2 million local inhabitants had died and of those some 810,000 were combatants—some foreign. This figure
8186:
Dinerstein, Eric; Olson, David; Joshi, Anup; Vynne, Carly; Burgess, Neil D.; Wikramanayake, Eric; Hahn, Nathan; Palminteri, Suzanne; Hedao, Prashant; Noss, Reed; Hansen, Matt; Locke, Harvey; Ellis, Erle C; Jones, Benjamin; Barber, Charles Victor; Hayes, Randy; Kormos, Cyril; Martin, Vance; Crist,
4732:. They were decorated with ornate patterns influenced by the neighboring cultures: Poles, Lithuanians, Latvians, Russians, and other European nations. Each region of Belarus has developed specific design patterns. One ornamental pattern common in early dresses currently decorates the hoist of the
4603:
After
Belarus was incorporated into the Soviet Union, the Soviet government took control of the Republic's cultural affairs. At first, a policy of "Belarusianization" was followed in the newly formed Byelorussian SSR. This policy was reversed in the 1930s, and the majority of prominent Belarusian
3764:
councils, and 1,151 village councils. The councils are elected by their residents, and have executive committees appointed by their executive committee chairs. The chairs of executive committees for raions and city of oblast subordinations are appointed by the regional executive committees at the
3545:
prison in Minsk or on the way there. The victims were hospitalized with intramuscular bleeding of the rectum, anal fissure and bleeding, and damage to the mucous membrane of the rectum. In an interview from
September 2020 Lukashenko claimed that detainees faked their bruises, saying, "Some of the
3863:
At the time of the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Belarus was one of the world's most industrially developed states by proportion of GDP and the richest CIS member-state. In 2015, 39.3% of
Belarusians were employed by state-controlled companies, 57.2% by private companies (in which the
3392:. Belarus first began to cooperate with NATO upon signing documents to participate in their Partnership for Peace Program in 1995. However, Belarus cannot join NATO because it is a member of the CSTO. Tensions between NATO and Belarus peaked after the March 2006 presidential election in Belarus.
3041:
on the prime minister, and make suggestions on foreign and domestic policy. The Council of the Republic has the power to select various government officials, conduct an impeachment trial of the president, and accept or reject the bills passed by the House of Representatives. Each chamber has the
2819:
entered Belarusian territory, and about a fifth of Belarusian land (principally farmland and forests in the southeastern regions) was affected by radiation fallout. The United Nations and other agencies have aimed to reduce the level of radiation in affected areas, especially through the use of
2623:
occurred in which 15 people were killed and 204 were injured. Two suspects, who were arrested within two days, confessed to being the perpetrators and were executed by shooting in 2012. The official version of events as publicised by the Belarusian government was questioned in the unprecedented
3271:
member states (despite other member states' travel ban on Lukashenko and top officials), including neighboring Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland. Travel bans imposed by the European Union have been lifted in the past in order to allow Lukashenko to attend diplomatic meetings and also to engage his
2974:
removed Belarus from its observer status since 1997 as a response for election irregularities in the November 1996 constitutional referendum and parliament by-elections. Re-admission of the country into the council is dependent on the completion of benchmarks set by the council, including the
12384:
2347:, and in the modern day these partisans have formed a core part of the Belarusian national identity, with Belarus continuing to refer to itself as the "partisan republic" since the 1970s. Following the war, many former Soviet partisans entered positions of government, among them
5375:
2098:
took place on 8 January 1922, and the territory was annexed to Poland. Żeligowski later in his memoir which was published in London in 1943 condemned the annexation of the Republic by Poland, as well as the policy of closing Belarusian schools and general disregard of Marshal
12086:
15652:
168:
167:
5696:
3251:
along with the Ukrainian SSR as one of the original 51 members in 1945. Belarus and Russia have been close trading partners and diplomatic allies since the breakup of the Soviet Union. Belarus is dependent on Russia for imports of raw materials and for its export market.
1924:
prohibited use of the Belarusian language in public schools, campaigned against Belarusian publications and tried to pressure those who had converted to Catholicism under the Poles to reconvert to the Orthodox faith. In 1863, economic and cultural pressure exploded in a
2355:, both of whom were First Secretary of the Communist Party of Byelorussia. Until the late 1970s, the Belarusian government was almost entirely composed of former partisans. Numerous pieces of media have been made about the Belarusian partisans, including the 1985 film
9295:
However, the vote was marred by allegations of widespread fraud. These suspicions appeared to be confirmed by data from a limited number of polling stations that broke ranks with the government and identified opposition candidate Svyatlana Tsikhanouskaya as the clear
6145:
3916:
in 2005, according to government statistics. There were 679,000 unemployed Belarusians, of whom two-thirds were women. The unemployment rate has been declining since 2003, and the overall rate of employment is the highest since statistics were first compiled in 1995.
3179:
sentenced to prison or house arrest for terms which are mainly and typically over four years. Six months later amid an unprecedented economic crisis, activists utilized social networking to initiate a fresh round of protests characterized by wordless hand-clapping.
3760:), and occurs on two levels: basic and primary. At the basic level are 118 raions councils and 10 cities of oblast subordination councils, which are supervised by the governments of the oblasts. At the primary level are 14 cities of raion subordination councils, 8
3852:
Belarus has trade relations with over 180 countries. As of 2007, its main trading partners were Russia, which accounted for about 45% of Belarusian exports and 55% of imports (which include petroleum), and the EU countries, with 25% of exports and 20% of imports.
2871:
to the south. Treaties in 1995 and 1996 demarcated Belarus's borders with Latvia and Lithuania, and Belarus ratified a 1997 treaty establishing the Belarus-Ukraine border in 2009. Belarus and Lithuania ratified final border demarcation documents in February 2007.
3287:
Bilateral relations with the United States are strained; the United States had not had an ambassador in Minsk since 2007 and Belarus never had an ambassador in Washington since 2008. Diplomatic relations remained tense, and in 2004, the United States passed the
11118:
3980:
in a rate of 1:10,000 (10,000 old ruble = 1 new ruble). From 1 July until 31 December 2016, the old and new currencies were in parallel circulation and series 2000 notes and coins could be exchanged for series 2009 from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2021. This
1582:
tribes in the 3rd century. Around the 5th century, the area was taken over by the Slavs. The takeover was partially due to the lack of military coordination of the Balts, but their gradual assimilation into Slavic culture was peaceful in nature. Invaders from
1658:
Incorporation into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania resulted in an economic, political and ethno-cultural unification of Belarusian lands. Of the principalities held by the duchy, nine of them were settled by a population that would eventually become the
3335:(ENP), which aims to bring the EU and its neighbours closer in economic and geopolitical terms. However, Belarus suspended its participation in the Eastern Partnership program on 28 June 2021, after the EU imposed more sanctions against the country.
1114:, and were finalized after World War II. During World War II, military operations devastated Belarus, which lost about a quarter of its population and half of its economic resources. In 1945, the Byelorussian SSR became a founding member of the
2649:, in which Lukashenko sought a sixth term in office. Neighbouring countries Poland and Lithuania do not recognize Lukashenko as the legitimate president of Belarus and the Lithuanian government has allotted a residence for main opposition candidate
2278:
and incorporated into the Byelorussian SSR. The Soviet-controlled Byelorussian People's Council officially took control of the territories, whose populations consisted of a mixture of Poles, Ukrainians, Belarusians and Jews, on 28 October 1939 in
166:
4547:, draw big crowds and often include displays such as fireworks and military parades, especially in Vitebsk and Minsk. The government's Ministry of Culture finances events promoting Belarusian arts and culture both inside and outside the country.
2665:
in the Russian invasion of Ukraine; Russian troops were allowed to stage part of the invasion from Belarusian territory. These include not only corporate offices and individual officers of government but also private individuals who work in the
3787:). These territorial units may also be classified as a city of regional or raion subordination, urban-type settlement or rural settlement, but whose government is administered by the council of another primary or basic unit. In October 1995, a
3369:
on the new republic's territory. The transformation of the ex-Soviet forces into the Armed Forces of Belarus, which was completed in 1997, reduced the number of its soldiers by 30,000 and restructured its leadership and military formations.
3045:
The government includes a Council of Ministers, headed by the prime minister and five deputy prime ministers. The members of this council need not be members of the legislature and are appointed by the president. The judiciary comprises the
11855:
13780:
12092:
2045:
was a short-lived political entity, which was the last attempt to restore Lithuania in the historical confederacy state (it was also supposed to create Lithuania Upper and Lithuania Lower). The republic was created in 1920 following
9404:
2844:(consisting of native tree species with no clearly visible indications of human activity) and around 16% of the forest area was found within protected areas. For the year 2015, 100% of the forest area was reported to be under
6153:
3594:
condemned the usage of migrants as a weapon and suggested that Belarus could be subject to further sanctions. In August 2021, Belarusian officials, wearing uniforms, riot shields and helmets, were recorded on camera near the
2205:, Belarusians were much less politically aware and active, and thus suffered fewer repressions than the Ukrainians. In 1935, after the death of Piłsudski, a new wave of repressions was released upon the minorities, with many
3194:
and RPTS, one each. Most non-partisans represent a wide scope of social organizations such as workers' collectives, public associations, and civil society organizations, similar to the composition of the Soviet legislature.
15642:
12106:
11463:
2788:), and cool and moist summers with an average temperature of 18 °C (64.4 °F). Belarus has an average annual rainfall of 550 to 700 mm (21.7 to 27.6 in). The country is in the transitional zone between
2434:
Between Stalin's death in 1953 and 1980, Belarusian politics was dominated by former members of the Soviet partisans, including First Secretaries Kirill Mazurov and Pyotr Masherov. Mazurov and Masherov oversaw Belarus's
1763:
became dominant, and in 1696, Polish replaced Ruthenian as the official language, with Ruthenian being banned from administrative use. However, the Ruthenian peasants continued to speak their native language. Also, the
3891:
Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, under Lukashenko's leadership, Belarus has maintained government control of key industries and eschewed the large-scale privatizations seen in other former Soviet republics.
12030:
3569:
imposed stricter sanctions on Belarus. In May 2021, Lukashenko threatened that he will flood the European Union with migrants and drugs as a response to the sanctions. In July 2021, Belarusian authorities launched a
9118:
officially the sanctions were reduced as a 'reward' for the 2015 presidential elections being peaceful and non-violent, despite the fact that these elections were just as non-democratic as any previous election in
5163:
11922:
2018:
was the first attempt to create an independent Belarusian state under the name "Belarus". Despite significant efforts, the state ceased to exist, primarily because the territory was continually dominated by the
7884:
11624:
Dutta, Soumitra; Lanvin, Bruno; Wunsch-Vincent, Sacha; León, Lorena Rivera; World Intellectual Property Organization (2023). Dutta, Soumitra; Lanvin, Bruno; Rivera León, Lorena; Wunsch-Vincent, Sacha (eds.).
2159:
after the war ended in 1921, and the Byelorussian SSR became a founding member of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1922. In the 1920s and 1930s, Soviet agricultural and economic policies, including
2994:
eliminated term limits. Lukashenko has been the president of Belarus since 1994. In 1996, Lukashenko called for a controversial vote to extend the presidential term from five to seven years, and as a result
571:
164:
4573:
sometime between 1517 and 1525, making it the first book printed in Belarus or anywhere in Eastern Europe. The modern era of Belarusian literature began in the late 19th century; one prominent writer was
3541:. The experts also received reports of violence against women and children, including sexual abuse and rape with rubber batons. At least three detainees suffered injuries indicative of sexual violence in
12210:
3860:, the EU imposed trade sanctions on Belarus. The sanctions were extended and expanded in August 2023. These sanctions are in addition to those imposed following the rigged 2020 "election" of Lukashenko.
2495:
11396:"Belarus: EU adopts new round of individual sanctions over continued human rights abuses and imposes further targeted measures in response to involvement in Russia's military aggression against Ukraine"
5046:
The state telecom monopoly, Beltelecom, holds the exclusive interconnection with Internet providers outside of Belarus. Beltelecom owns all the backbone channels that linked to the Lattelecom, TEO LT,
11852:
11571:
8063:
16678:
9396:
4078:
in 2050. There are about 0.87 males per female in Belarus. The average life expectancy is 72.15 (66.53 years for men and 78.1 years for women). Over 99% of Belarusians aged 15 and older are
3952:
twice since then. The first coins of the Republic of Belarus were issued on 27 December 1996. The ruble was reintroduced with new values in 2000 and has been in use ever since. In 2007, The
165:
16663:
1272:. An alternative explanation for the name comments on the white clothing worn by the local Slavic population. A third theory suggests that the old Rus' lands that were not conquered by the
9987:
4504:, most schools in major cities began to teach in Russian rather than Belarusian. The annual circulation of Belarusian-language literature also significantly decreased from 1990 to 2020.
3507:
in the country are also ranked among the lowest in Europe. In March 2023, Lukashenko signed a law which allows to use capital punishment against officials and soldiers convicted of high
13560:
10828:
2545:, which controlled the Supreme Council at the time and was largely opposed to political and economic reform, with allegations that some of the deputies opposed Belarusian independence.
2179:. After an early period of liberalization, tensions between increasingly nationalistic Polish government and various increasingly separatist ethnic minorities started to grow, and the
11923:"Международное обозначение белорусского рубля меняется на BYN после деноминации – Новости республики – Минский район-Минск-Новости Минска-Новости Минского района-Минский райисполком"
4065:
Like many other Eastern European countries, Belarus has a negative population growth rate and a negative natural growth rate. In 2007, Belarus's population declined by 0.41% and its
2768:(Dzyarzhynsk Hill) at 345 metres (1,132 ft), and the lowest point is on the Neman River at 90 m (295 ft). The average elevation of Belarus is 160 m (525 ft)
4972:
4500:. Belarusian, although not as widely used as Russian, is the mother tongue of 53.2% of the population, whereas Russian is the mother tongue of only 41.5%. Following the election of
4488:; Russian is the most common language spoken at home, used by 70% of the population, while Belarusian, the official first language, is spoken at home by 23%. Minorities also speak
16653:
12110:
2423:. This policy involved sending Russians from various parts of the Soviet Union and placing them in key positions in the Byelorussian SSR government. After Stalin's death in 1953,
11471:
2389:
and never recovered. The population of Belarus did not regain its pre-war level until 1971. Belarus was also hit hard economically, losing around half of its economic resources.
15632:
10557:
3985:
can be considered an effort to fight the high inflation rate. On 6 October 2022, Lukashenko banned price increases, to combat food inflation. In January 2023, Belarus legalized
3534:
3129:(OSCE) ruled that the elections were unfair because opposition candidates were arbitrarily denied registration and the election process was designed to favor the ruling party.
15707:
8070:. the Scientific and Production State Republican Unitary Enterprise "National Cadastre Agency" of the State Property Committee of the Republic of Belarus. 2011. Archived from
4774:
bread are consumed in Belarus, but rye is more plentiful because conditions are too harsh for growing wheat. To show hospitality, a host traditionally presents an offering of
2658:
12812:
3495:
workers (around 9% of total work force) from leaving their jobs at will—a change of job and living location will require permission from governors. The law was compared with
15606:
12038:
11377:
9290:
3514:
The judicial system in Belarus lacks independence and is subject to political interference. Corrupt practices such as bribery often took place during tender processes, and
15647:
15304:
14016:
12793:
10711:
10270:
16000:
10429:
4964:
11926:
4365:
9927:
2466:
15919:
9333:
7915:
6784:
10746:
8161:
3899:
in 1993. Due to its failure to protect labor rights, including passing laws forbidding unemployment or working outside state-controlled sectors, Belarus lost its EU
2662:
1409:. This asserted that the territories are all Russian and all the peoples are also Russian; in the case of the Belarusians, they were variants of the Russian people.
12453:
9635:
3365:
heads the Ministry of Defence, and Alexander Lukashenko (as president) serves as Commander-in-Chief. The armed forces were formed in 1992 using parts of the former
15637:
15412:
4034:(1.7%). Belarus has a population density of about 50 people per square kilometre (127 per sq mi); 70% of its total population is concentrated in urban areas.
2439:
and transformation from one of the Soviet Union's poorest republics into one of its richest. In 1986, the Byelorussian SSR was contaminated with most (70%) of the
10655:
8527:
16688:
12203:
10775:
6289:. Translated by Michell, Robert; Forbes, Nevill. Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. Text account by A.A. Shakhmatov. London, Offices of the society. p. 41.
2958:. However, Belarus has been led by a highly centralized and authoritarian government, and has often been described as "Europe's last dictatorship" and president
8701:
3960:, the two states have discussed using a single currency analogous to the Euro. This led to a proposal that the Belarusian ruble be discontinued in favor of the
1443:(its names in other languages such as English being based on the Russian form) was used officially only until 1991. Officially, the full name of the country is
16547:
16053:
15565:
13135:
6972:
16668:
15100:
12924:
4670:
by M. Kroshner was composed during the Soviet era and became the first Belarusian ballet showcased at the National Academic Vialiki Ballet Theatre in Minsk.
2678:
have joined the sanctions regime which aims to isolate Belarus from the international supply chain. Most major Belarusian banks are also under restrictions.
2142:
12174:
8634:
14961:
14007:
10598:
3126:
2303:
2230:
1201:
11575:
8642:
8554:
8071:
8015:
1420:
caused some confusion, as it was also the name of the military force that opposed the red Bolsheviks. During the period of the Byelorussian SSR, the term
16683:
13655:
4389:
2095:
1941:
10195:
3884:(PPP) dollars (estimate), or about $ 8,100 per capita. In 2005, GDP increased by 9.9%; the inflation rate averaged 9.5%. Belarus was ranked 80th in the
11874:
11269:
3320:
10221:
15803:
11733:
11067:
3292:, which authorized funding for anti-government Belarusian NGOs, and prohibited loans to the Belarusian government, except for humanitarian purposes.
11999:
8454:
8431:
5619:
15297:
15189:
10489:
2003:
682:
11715:
7804:
1039:
to the northwest. Belarus spans an area of 207,600 square kilometres (80,200 sq mi) with a population of 9.1 million, The country has a
15993:
15180:
15155:
15076:
15071:
15066:
10626:
9739:
9200:
2007:
9528:
9991:
9475:
3798:
As for 2019, the administrative-territorial and territorial units include 115 cities, 85 urban-type settlements, and 23,075 rural settlements.
3499:
by Lukashenko himself. Similar regulations were introduced for the forestry industry in 2012. Belarus is the only European country still using
1952:
ignited, and the territory of Belarus was divided between Poland and Soviet Russia. The Rada of the Belarusian Democratic Republic exists as a
12480:"The Slavianski Bazaar in Vitebsk amazes with its artistic atmosphere, popular artistes, hundreds of events and thousands of reasons to enjoy"
10683:
8628:
Unlike his predecessor, Lukashenka consolidated authoritarian rule. He censored state media, closed Belarus's only independent radio station .
8507:
Unlike his predecessor, Lukashenka consolidated authoritarian rule. He censored state media, closed Belarus's only independent radio station .
2628:
statement condemning "the apparent terrorist attack" intimating the possibility that the Belarusian government itself was behind the bombing.
979:
15170:
12559:
10116:
3841:
3611:
sharply increased multiple times when compared to the 2020 statistics. Illegal migrants numbers also exceeded the previous annual numbers in
3579:
2197:
800:
14856:
14846:
16658:
15858:
15820:
15712:
15090:
14891:
14861:
13687:
12405:
Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.), 2005. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. Dallas, TX: SIL International. Online version:
9236:
9155:
7782:
5840:Аб паходжанні назваў Белая і Чорная Русь (Eng. "About the Origins of the Names of White and Black Ruthenia"), Язэп Юхо (Joseph Juho), 1956.
4644:
largely comprises a rich tradition of folk and religious music. The country's folk music traditions can be traced back to the times of the
4416:. Overall, 48.3% of the population is Orthodox Christian, 41.1% is not religious, 7.1% is Roman Catholic and 3.3% follows other religions.
3349:
2329:
855:
2401:
Belarusian poster where the text reads "Long live the Stalinist constitution of victorious socialism and true democracy!" (issued in 1940)
2235:
1058:
Between the medieval period and the 20th century, different states at various times controlled the lands of modern-day Belarus, including
15770:
15290:
13540:
9771:
7031:
6484:
2743:. The Neman flows westward towards the Baltic sea and the Pripyat flows eastward to the Dnieper; the Dnieper flows southward towards the
2378:
1052:
13217:
8396:
6301:
1529:
in Lithuanian means "the other" and may have been used historically by Lithuanians to refer to any people who did not speak Lithuanian.
15986:
15886:
15616:
13859:
11981:
9282:
4677:, music focused on the hardships of the Belarusian people or on those who took up arms in defense of the homeland. During this period,
4000:
The banking system of Belarus consists of two levels: Central Bank (National Bank of the Republic of Belarus) and 25 commercial banks.
3599:
pushing and urging the migrants to cross the European Union border. Following the granting of humanitarian visas to an Olympic athlete
3537:
declared that its experts received reports of 450 documented cases of torture and ill-treatment of people who were arrested during the
2537:
651:
12681:
7020:
Bieder, H. (2000): Konfession, Ethnie und Sprache in Weißrußland im 20. Jahrhundert. In: Zeitschrift für Slawistik 45 (2000), 200–214.
6096:
231:
15110:
15085:
11299:
Bykau, A.; Vysotski, S. (2019). "What Belarus Produces, Exports, and Imports: Analyzing Trade in Value Added". In Sergi, B.S. (ed.).
10534:
7079:
4860:
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2619:
attributed to Lukashenko's government's centralized control of the economy, with inflation reaching 108.7%. Around the same time the
2340:
1119:
748:
11004:
9213:
7951:
1964:
15130:
14951:
14647:
14000:
13750:
13484:
13420:
10327:
9554:
5850:
4393:
3953:
3384:
but has participated in the Individual Partnership Program since 1997, and Belarus provided refueling and airspace support for the
2134:
1801:
1075:
545:
7898:
4400:
is practiced mostly in the western regions, and there are also different denominations of Protestantism. Minorities also practice
3864:
government has a 21.1% stake) and 3.5% by foreign companies. In 1994, Belarus's main exports included heavy machinery (especially
15747:
15601:
15095:
14301:
13914:
13675:
13511:
13319:
11352:
10722:
8577:
6827:
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3312:
2990:
for each presidency is five years. Under the 1994 constitution, the president could serve for only two terms as president, but a
2275:
1193:
14582:
within the vicinity of Europe are usually grouped with the continent even though they are not situated on its continental shelf.
12797:
10274:
7216:
4431:
minorities. President Lukashenko has stated that Orthodox and Catholic believers are the "two main confessions in our country".
2201:, was banned in 1927, and opposition to Polish government was met with state repressions. Nonetheless, compared to the (larger)
15585:
15200:
14901:
13785:
13660:
13623:
13501:
12504:
11204:
7916:"Belarus election: UK refuses to recognise result and demands international investigation into 'grisly repression' of protests"
7110:Клоков В. Я. Великий освободительный поход Красной Армии. (Освобождение Западной Украины и Западной Белоруссии).-Воронеж, 1940.
4984:
4864:
3260:
3183:
3122:
3106:
2593:
2585:
2149:
2051:
1087:
558:
12334:
12301:
11948:
11413:
10411:
10038:
9452:
8939:
The countries of the former Soviet Union at the turn of the twenty-first century: the Baltic and European states in transition
7933:
5926:
4891:
was supposed to be co-hosted in Latvia and Belarus but it was cancelled due to widespread protests and security concerns. The
2195:, who advocated refusing Belarusians and Ukrainians the right for a free national development. A Belarusian organization, the
1515:
that occupied parts of the territory of modern Belarus and Ukraine in the 4th and 5th centuries. The self-naming of Goths was
15796:
15575:
13279:
13195:
12889:
12822:
12430:
12246:
11608:
11316:
9256:
9175:
8813:
8609:
8493:
7606:
7461:
7374:
7142:
7093:
7062:
7005:
6917:
6888:
6810:
6726:
6685:
6658:
6616:
6466:
6439:
6311:
6267:
6186:
6002:
5963:
5936:
5583:
5167:
5143:
4892:
3199:
3174:, Lukashenko was elected to a fourth straight term with nearly 80% of the vote in elections. The runner-up opposition leader
3171:
3148:
3141:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3063:
2996:
2646:
2570:
2255:
1146:
12714:
10889:
10856:
9931:
9900:
9616:
9004:
8615:
8347:
6775:
6591:Русское дєло в Сєверо-Западном крає: материиалы для историии Виленскаго учебнаго округа преимущественно в Муравьевскую эпоху
5748:
4458:
is granted in the same article, religious organizations deemed harmful to the government or social order can be prohibited.
2584:
The 2000s saw a number of economic disputes between Belarus and its primary economic partner, Russia. The first one was the
13692:
13045:
9373:
8915:
8325:
5755:
4528:
3837:
2138:
1765:
1213:
103:
13248:
11962:
10437:
9036:
8154:
4626:. An influential author who devoted his work to awakening the awareness of the catastrophes the country has suffered, was
15056:
15011:
14926:
14851:
13993:
13393:
12597:
9631:
8761:
Marples, David R (2005). "Europe's Last Dictatorship: The Roots and Perspectives of Authoritarianism in 'White Russia'".
8665:
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7364:
4910:
4168:
3160:
2448:
2165:
12958:
10921:
8829:
7048:
3323:(OSCE). As an OSCE member state, Belarus's international commitments are subject to monitoring under the mandate of the
2712:. Its extension from north to south is 560 km (350 mi), from west to east is 650 km (400 mi). It is
16424:
15313:
15165:
14485:
13947:
13707:
13479:
12860:
11119:"№ 434 от 20.10.1995. Об объединении административных единиц Республики Беларусь, имеющих общий административный центр"
10552:
9270:
unanimous agreement among serious scholars that... Lukashenko's 2015 election occurred within an authoritarian context.
9189:
unanimous agreement among serious scholars that... Lukashenko's 2015 election occurred within an authoritarian context.
8519:
8046:
4945:
4377:
3869:
3705:), which is elected by its residents, and a provincial executive authority called a region administration (Belarusian:
3264:
3164:
3034:
3012:
2525:
1741:
1707:
1189:
1071:
781:
499:
11668:
11144:
9828:
7885:"El Pais interview with HR/VP Borrell: "Lukashenko is like Maduro. We do not recognize him but we must deal with him""
6675:
5654:
5058:, Transtelekom and MTS ISPs. Beltelecom is the only operator licensed to provide commercial VoIP services in Belarus.
16009:
14916:
13565:
13545:
13329:
13308:
13258:
13118:
13097:
13076:
13066:
13055:
13034:
13015:
12994:
12236:
12060:
11644:
11598:
11446:
10130:
8946:
8255:
8064:"Coordinates of the extreme points of the state frontier. Main Geographic Characteristics of the Republic of Belarus"
7679:
7347:
7132:
6837:
6758:
6510:
6411:
6356:
6240:
5897:
5335:
5271:
5216:
4369:
3900:
3538:
3203:
3016:
2642:
2314:
called for the extermination, expulsion, or enslavement of most or all Belarusians for the purpose of providing more
1729:
1664:
1647:
in the 13th century, but the lands of modern-day Belarus avoided the brunt of the invasion and eventually joined the
1644:
1154:
484:
12736:
11828:
10090:
9953:
9132:
8540:"I am the last dictator in Europe," Belarussian President Alexander Lukashenko has told Reuters in a rare interview.
6976:
5953:
5668:
5493:
1968:
The first government ("activists") of the Belarussian People's Republic (BNR, Беларуская Народная Рэспубліка), 1918.
15789:
15175:
15026:
13185:
13087:
12162:
11257:
10953:
10183:
9340:
8125:
7659:
6066:
4664:). At the end of the 19th century, major Belarusian cities formed their own opera and ballet companies. The ballet
4401:
4384:
According to the census of November 2011, 58.9% of all Belarusians adhered to some kind of religion; out of those,
3186:, 105 of the 110 members elected to the House of Representatives were not affiliated with any political party. The
3102:
3097:
and then between 1991 and 1995, is widely used as a symbol of opposition to the government of Alexander Lukashenko.
1829:
1613:
208:
15145:
12178:
11597:
Bléjer, Mario I.; Blejer, Director of the Centre for Central Banking Studies Mario I.; Skreb, Marko (9 May 2001).
10160:
9686:
5792:"Icann Адобрыла Заяўку Беларусі На Дэлегаванне Дамена Першага Ўзроўню З Падтрымкай Алфавітаў Нацыянальных Моў.Бел"
4685:, served as the "tutor" of Belarusian composers. The National Academic Theatre of Ballet in Minsk was awarded the
4539:, which showcases Belarusian performers, artists, writers, musicians, and actors. Several state holidays, such as
2581:
who received 14% of the vote. The elections were the first and only free elections in Belarus after independence.
2490:
of the Byelorussian SSR took place. Though the opposition candidates, mostly associated with the pro-independence
1280:. A fourth theory suggests that the color white was associated with the west, and Belarus was the western part of
15752:
15737:
15560:
15105:
14921:
14841:
14550:
13141:
13108:
12479:
11757:
11189:
6648:
5992:
3051:
2483:
2475:
2015:
1945:
1134:
597:
584:
378:
12351:
10064:
4708:
years in Soviet Belarus, becoming one of the country's most distinguished artists and a member of the modernist
4652:
composed operas and chamber music pieces while living in Minsk. During his stay, he worked with Belarusian poet
4600:, a Belarusian-language paper published that was previously published in Vilnius but now is published in Minsk.
3791:
abolished the local governments of cities of raion subordination and urban-type settlements which served as the
15031:
14821:
13940:
13496:
13433:
13298:
12767:
12139:
11894:
10225:
8546:
7171:
5955:
Handbook of Language and Ethnic Identity: The Success-Failure Continuum in Language and Ethnic Identity Efforts
5642:
Several EU countries and the US say they do not recognise Mr Lukashenko as the legitimate president of Belarus.
5133:
5014:, Bronze All-Around Medalist of the 2015 World Championships. The Belarusian senior group earned bronze at the
4988:
4868:
4848:
4550:
Belarusian literature began with 11th- to 13th-century religious scripture, such as the 12th-century poetry of
4435:
2725:
2542:
2505:
2382:
1721:
1636:
in 1067 was one of the more notable events of the period, the date of which is considered the founding date of
729:
532:
10800:
7970:
4762:
consists mainly of vegetables, meat (particularly pork), and bread. Foods are usually either slowly cooked or
3836:, it has a "very high" human development. It is one of the most equal countries in the world, with one of the
3299:
are close, with Lukashenko visiting China multiple times during his tenure. Belarus also has strong ties with
16648:
16599:
15668:
15231:
14956:
14881:
13765:
13005:
12662:
11871:
11421:
11399:
10631:
10199:
8458:
5027:
4653:
4612:
3816:
Change in per capita GDP of Belarus, 1973–2018. Figures are inflation-adjusted to 2011 International dollars.
3332:
3289:
2180:
2119:
2042:
1328:
1174:
1091:
938:
11277:
7427:
6701:
6126:
3525:
3007:, who was removed from the office for official matters only during the campaign. The National Assembly is a
2343:, including Jewish, Polish, and Soviet partisans. Belarusian partisan formations formed a large part of the
1663:. During this time, the duchy was involved in several military campaigns, including fighting on the side of
1651:. There are no sources of military seizure, but the annals affirm the alliance and united foreign policy of
16643:
15702:
15611:
15555:
15206:
15160:
14991:
14640:
14398:
13630:
13518:
13413:
12584:
11378:"EU sanctions in response to the involvement of Belarus in the Russian military aggression against Ukraine"
11056:
10805:
10013:
8691:
6150:
Belarus and its Neighbors: Historical Perceptions and Political Constructs. International Conference Papers
4888:
4884:
4536:
4397:
3596:
3223:
3110:
2962:
as "Europe's last dictator" by some media outlets, politicians and authors. Belarus has been considered an
2955:
2373:
2202:
968:
914:
904:
469:
11740:
11030:
2577:
into national prominence. He garnered 45% of the vote in the first round and 80% in the second, defeating
1937:
to Belarusian in 1864 and no documents in Belarusian were permitted by the Russian government until 1905.
1360:, who was known for his close contacts with the Russian royal court. During the 17th century, the Russian
15692:
15251:
15150:
15001:
14836:
14576:
Considered European for cultural, political and historical reasons but is geographically in Western Asia.
13904:
13804:
13387:
12149:
12003:
11244:
10170:
8374:
8112:
7934:"Canada denounces Lukashenko's inauguration in Belarus, preparing sanctions over human rights violations"
7646:
6053:
5704:
3969:
3873:
3857:
3308:
3296:
2631:
2436:
2226:
2188:
1123:
11805:
10299:
7116:Трайнин И.Национальное и социальное освобождение Западной Украины и Западной Белоруссии.—М., 1939.—80 с.
4724:
period. Due to the cool climate, clothes were designed to conserve body heat and were usually made from
1609:
15697:
15570:
15140:
15042:
14986:
14931:
13909:
13665:
13650:
13555:
13363:
10829:"Lukašenkos keršto akcija pasiekė ir Latviją: šią savaitę – ryškus nelegalių migrantų skaičiaus šuolis"
9074:
Republic of Belarus Presidential Election 19 March 2006: OSCE/ODIHR Election Observation Mission Report
6232:
5540:
5353:
4737:
4540:
4442:, deportation, and emigration, so that today it is a very small minority of less than one percent. The
3187:
3094:
3000:
2991:
2943:
2333:
2324:
2206:
1633:
1571:
882:
420:
17:
9753:
8974:
8102:
4131:
2616:
15081:
13702:
13572:
12530:
12454:"The Belarusian language in the period of socio-political crisis: signs of linguistic discrimination"
12377:"Population classified by knowledge of the Belarusian and Russian languages by region and Minsk City"
10553:"UN human rights experts: Belarus must stop torturing protesters and prevent enforced disappearances"
10377:
9532:
4872:
4635:
4113:
4070:
3820:
3608:
3488:
3480:
3275:
3191:
2922:
2288:
1845:
1332:
1292:
1111:
449:
13163:
11234:
9483:
3152:
2772:. The climate features mild to cold winters, with January minimum temperatures ranging from −4
2731:
Many streams and 11,000 lakes are found in Belarus. Three major rivers run through the country: the
2047:
16557:
15194:
15020:
14966:
14946:
14896:
13745:
13489:
13474:
7054:
4645:
4472:
4178:
3896:
3645:
3324:
3159:
of the Social Democrats. Kazulin was detained and beaten by police during protests surrounding the
3047:
2650:
2620:
2532:
2491:
2455:
2431:
program, stating, "The sooner we all start speaking Russian, the faster we shall build communism."
2254:
Memorial; during World War II the German Nazis murdered civilians in 5,295 different localities in
2063:
1717:
1648:
1257:
1067:
983:
31:
13207:
12555:
11982:"Belarus Legalizes Piracy Of Audiovisual Material And Computer Software From "Unfriendly" Nations"
11626:
10509:
8412:
4419:
Belarus's Catholic minority is concentrated in the western part of the country, especially around
4141:
3303:, considered a key partner in the Middle East. In addition to the CIS, Belarus is a member of the
1106:
to Poland. Much of the borders of Belarus took their modern shape in 1939, when some lands of the
15812:
15717:
15256:
15185:
15037:
15015:
14911:
14633:
13816:
13682:
13640:
13613:
13464:
13406:
10926:
10894:
9009:
8961:
7826:
7709:
6880:
5606:
4830:
4691:
4686:
4451:
4009:
3885:
3881:
3833:
3600:
3401:
3344:
3304:
3167:
deemed the vote open and fair while the OSCE and other organizations called the election unfair.
2976:
2966:
where power is ultimately concentrated in the hands of the president, elections are not free and
2936:
2562:
2541:
failed to pass by 1993. Disputes over the referendum were accredited to the largely conservative
2501:
1898:
1886:
1652:
1197:
1162:
1138:
1063:
833:
706:
669:
610:
10247:
6146:"Gudas as a Historical Name of Belarusians in the Lithuanian Language: 'Goths' or 'Barbarians'?"
5726:
4579:
1933:(also known as Kastus). After the failed revolt, the Russian government reintroduced the use of
1755:
of both Lithuanians and Ruthenians gained steady momentum. In culture and social life, both the
15060:
14996:
14981:
14937:
14071:
13740:
13644:
9779:
7729:"Security Council Press Statement on Minsk Bombing | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases"
5083:
4880:
4867:
following a memorable upset win over Sweden in the quarterfinals and regularly competes in the
4623:
4618:
The last major revival of Belarusian literature occurred in the 1960s with novels published by
3986:
3924:
3504:
3354:
3132:
2721:
2667:
2521:
2494:, took only 10% of the seats, Belarus declared itself sovereign on 27 July 1990 by issuing the
2214:
2176:
1861:
1857:
1107:
756:
700:
12262:
11301:
Modeling Economic Growth in Contemporary Belarus (Entrepreneurship and Global Economic Growth)
9248:
7339:
7333:
7162:
6746:
6716:
6481:
6456:
6176:
5575:
4649:
2405:
The borders of the Byelorussian SSR and Poland were redrawn, in accord with the 1919-proposed
2262:
In September 1939, the Soviet Union invaded and occupied eastern Poland, following the German
1807:
15271:
14907:
14554:
14417:
14388:
13899:
13884:
13874:
13831:
13635:
13608:
13469:
11693:
11438:
10303:
6905:
6606:
5033:
5003:
4992:
4856:
3994:
3792:
3713:), whose chairman is appointed by the president. The regions are further subdivided into 118
3464:
3137:
3026:
2967:
2509:
2114:
woods, 1989, where between 1937 and 1941 from 30,000 to 250,000 people, including Belarusian
2024:
1999:
1949:
1740:. This union set in motion the developments that eventually resulted in the formation of the
1683:
1491:
1158:
13377:
13269:
10776:"Poland accuses Belarus of sending migrants over border as "living weapons" in "hybrid war""
10721:
10580:
9167:
7708:
7636:
4042:, with a population of 481,000, is the second-largest city and serves as the capital of the
3868:), agricultural products, and energy products. Economically, Belarus involved itself in the
3607:
also accused Belarus for organizing a hybrid warfare as the number of migrants crossing the
2815:, chalk, sand, gravel, and clay. About 70% of the radiation from neighboring Ukraine's 1986
2302:
The Byelorussian SSR was the hardest-hit Soviet republic in World War II; it remained under
2094:, upon which it depended, and Lithuania, which claimed the area. After a variety of delays,
1944:, Belarus first declared independence under German occupation on 25 March 1918, forming the
16562:
16403:
15282:
15221:
15051:
14976:
14826:
14811:
13879:
13826:
13790:
13697:
13618:
13528:
12838:
12689:
11057:"СВЕДЕНИЯ о составе избранных депутатов местных Советов депутатов двадцать восьмого созыва"
10412:"Pańszczyzna u Łukaszenki. Prezydent Białorusi chce zakazać kołchoźnikom odchodzić z pracy"
9903:. Press Service of the President of the Republic of Belarus. 31 August 2007. Archived from
9801:
7221:
6340:
6104:
6043:
5015:
4925:
4844:
4836:
4666:
4501:
4467:
4066:
3697:. Each region has a provincial legislative authority, called a region council (Belarusian:
3640:
3587:
3316:
3233:
3090:
3038:
2959:
2951:
2947:
2902:
2897:
2769:
2687:
2635:
2612:
and through a series of events ended up banning the import of dairy products from Belarus.
2574:
2566:
2296:
2284:
2100:
2020:
1956:
ever since then; in fact, it is currently the world's longest serving government in exile.
1930:
1921:
1882:
1424:
was embraced as part of a national consciousness. In western Belarus under Polish control,
1413:
1229:
1205:
1149:
after independence, serving as president ever since. Lukashenko heads a highly centralized
1142:
638:
440:
434:
180:
15978:
10890:"Section I: Principles of the Constitutional System. Published 1994, amended in 1996"
10450:
8855:
8604:. Problems of International Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 203.
8488:. Problems of International Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 203.
7827:"Headquarters of Tsikhanouskaya, Coordination Council and National Anti-Crisis Management"
2720:
land. About 40% of Belarus is covered by forests. The country lies within two ecoregions:
2059:
89:
8:
15246:
14972:
14886:
14806:
14801:
14792:
14510:
14343:
14141:
13841:
13836:
13775:
13670:
13591:
12331:
11853:
With economy in tatters, Belarus appeals to IMF for rescue loan of up to $ 8 billion
11381:
9874:
8295:
7585:
7486:
7406:
7198:"What Did You Do during the War?: Personal Responses to the Aftermath of Nazi Occupation"
6951:
6284:
5438:
5368:
5344:
5091:
5071:
5047:
4937:
4802:
4631:
4544:
4485:
4455:
4360:
3904:
3772:
3745:
3658:
3550:
3484:
3422:
3366:
3328:
3237:
3042:
ability to veto any law passed by local officials if it is contrary to the constitution.
2881:
2789:
2765:
2701:
2697:
2625:
2210:
2071:
1953:
1592:
1335:
414:
328:
269:
57:
14489:
12091:[About demographic situation in January–March 2015] (in Russian). Archived from
10331:
9844:
6257:
5854:
3812:
1675:
in 1410; the joint victory allowed the duchy to control the northwestern borderlands of
16673:
15266:
15236:
15226:
15211:
15116:
14942:
14797:
14409:
13985:
13933:
13869:
13851:
13728:
13603:
13550:
13506:
13441:
13382:
12644:
12636:
12144:
11322:
11239:
10716:
10165:
9856:
8860:
8778:
8743:
8635:"One Week After Election, Belarus Sees Giant Protests Against 'Europe's Last Dictator'"
8223:
8188:
8107:
7641:
7309:
7301:
6906:"War, Population Displacement and State Formation in the Russian Borderlands 1914–1924"
6048:
5545:
5138:
5075:
5011:
5007:
4759:
4513:
4493:
4118:
4074:
3829:
3807:
3636:
3500:
3468:
3228:
3156:
3118:
2816:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2691:
2604:, a trade dispute, started when Russia wanted Belarus to recognize the independence of
2444:
2271:
2263:
2172:
1991:
1972:
1910:
1687:
1672:
1563:
1538:
1170:
1079:
1044:
1012:
506:
295:
11341:
11308:
10979:
9397:"Police guard threatened to rape Belarus Free Theatre director after election protest"
9235:
Jones, Mark P. (2018). Herron, Erik S; Pekkanen, Robert J; Shugart, Matthew S (eds.).
9154:
Jones, Mark P. (2018). Herron, Erik S; Pekkanen, Robert J; Shugart, Matthew S (eds.).
9061:
8569:
7866:
7764:
6018:
5777:
4766:. Typically, Belarusians eat a light breakfast and two hearty meals later in the day.
4587:
3771:
without their own local council and executive committee are called territorial units (
2932:
2891:
1339:
15534:
15358:
15348:
15330:
15324:
15261:
15241:
15216:
15135:
15046:
14876:
14871:
14816:
14700:
14608:
14116:
13894:
13770:
13577:
13325:
13304:
13275:
13254:
13191:
13114:
13093:
13072:
13051:
13030:
13011:
12990:
12818:
12648:
12426:
12242:
11640:
11604:
11442:
11326:
11312:
11092:
9860:
9848:
9252:
9171:
9014:
8942:
8809:
8782:
8774:
8747:
8605:
8598:; Way, Lucan A. (2010). "The Evolution of Post-Soviet Competitive Authoritarianism".
8489:
8251:
8228:
8210:
7694:
7675:
7457:
7370:
7343:
7313:
7293:
7197:
7167:
7138:
7113:Минаев В. Западная Белоруссия и Западная Украина под гнетом панской Польши.—М., 1939.
7089:
7058:
7001:
6913:
6884:
6833:
6806:
6754:
6722:
6681:
6654:
6612:
6506:
6462:
6435:
6407:
6352:
6307:
6263:
6236:
6182:
5998:
5959:
5932:
5893:
5589:
5579:
4968:
4933:
4902:
4678:
4428:
4385:
4373:
3865:
3795:
of raions, demoting them from administrative-territorial units to territorial units.
3575:
3562:
2971:
2917:
2578:
2565:
was adopted in March 1994 in which the functions of prime minister were given to the
2471:
2428:
2424:
1995:
1853:
1811:
1629:
1099:
1083:
455:
372:
109:
12619:
Tereshkovich, Pavel; Robert J. Valliere (2001). "The Belarusian Road to Modernity".
12508:
12507:. Embassy of the Republic of Belarus in the United States of America. Archived from
11175:
10747:"Baltarusijos pareigūnai su skydais blokuoja migrantų grąžinimą: kadrai iš pasienio"
9308:
9073:
8482:; Way, Lucan A. (2010). "The Evolution of Post-SovietCompetitive Authoritarianism".
7050:
National purpose in the world economy: post-Soviet states in comparative perspective
6702:"Europe's Last Dictatorship Is Opposed by the Oldest Exiled Government in the World"
4998:
Belarus is also known for its strong rhythmic gymnasts. Noticeable gymnasts include
3202:, Lukashenko won again with official results giving him 80% of the vote, leading to
2133:
In January 1919, a part of Belarus under Bolshevik Russian control was declared the
1690:, began military campaigns in 1486 in an attempt to incorporate the former lands of
1252:. An ethno-religious theory suggests that the name used to describe the part of old
16638:
16577:
16572:
16567:
15742:
15125:
15006:
14831:
14546:
13956:
13889:
13757:
13173:
12632:
12628:
12309:
11632:
11417:
11304:
10861:
10688:
9840:
9594:
9572:
9506:
9442:
9425:
9244:
9163:
8801:
8770:
8735:
8218:
8200:
7805:"Lithuania to Belarus: 'Rather watch hell freeze over' than deliver Tsikhanouskaya"
7728:
7551:
7285:
6373:
5890:
The chronicle of the White Russia: an essay on the history of one geographical name
5637:
5468:
5393:
5381:
5291:
5236:
5230:
5181:
4917:
4674:
4641:
4562:
4447:
4434:
Belarus was once a major center of European Jews, with 10% of the population being
4372:
is one of the oldest churches in Belarus. Its current style is an ideal example of
3977:
3941:
3780:
3768:
3753:
3741:
3666:
3163:. Lukashenko won the election with 80% of the vote; the Russian Federation and the
2597:
2344:
2319:
2161:
1926:
1815:
1668:
1177:. In 2000, Belarus and Russia signed a treaty for greater cooperation, forming the
866:
808:
334:
300:
274:
72:
13177:
12886:
10224:. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus. 2009. Archived from
10093:(in Russian). Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus. 2006. Archived from
7614:
6991:
4898:
4038:, the nation's capital and largest city, was home to 1,937,900 residents in 2015.
16043:
16038:
16033:
16028:
16023:
15120:
14866:
14601:
14514:
14322:
14201:
14028:
13864:
13367:
13289:
12893:
11878:
11859:
10931:
10930:. Press Service of the President of the Republic of Belarus. 2004. Archived from
10899:
10898:. Press Service of the President of the Republic of Belarus. 2004. Archived from
9904:
9829:"Market Socialism in Belarus: An Alternative to China's Socialist Market Economy"
9429:
9013:. Press Service of the President of the Republic of Belarus. 2004. Archived from
8805:
8599:
8595:
8483:
8479:
8351:
8016:"EU bans 70% of Belarus exports to bloc with new sanctions over Ukraine invasion"
7848:
7507:
6853:
6742:
6589:
6488:
6381:
6348:
5285:
4976:
4960:
4941:
4876:
4871:, often making the quarterfinals. Numerous Belarusian players are present in the
4852:
4809:
4733:
4607:
4591:
4497:
4489:
4413:
3472:
3458:
3429:
3175:
2911:
2845:
2793:
2524:
to formally declare the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the formation of the
2517:
2440:
2309:
2079:
1934:
1789:
1756:
1745:
1217:
1166:
1137:, Belarus gained independence on 25 August 1991. Following the adoption of a new
1118:, along with the Soviet Union. The republic was home to a widespread and diverse
1103:
290:
95:
10397:
9657:
9555:"Belarus: EU imposes sanctions as Lukashenko orders police to clear the streets"
9365:
9339:. Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe. 11 April 2006. Archived from
8907:
8882:
8317:
7988:
7289:
7244:
3725:). Each raion has its own legislative authority, or raion council, (Belarusian:
3673:), which are named after the cities that serve as their administrative centers:
3085:
2454:
By the late 1980s, political liberalization led to a national revival, with the
1595:, swept through c. 400–600 AD, but were unable to dislodge the Slavic presence.
16442:
15727:
14690:
14656:
14579:
14276:
14091:
13961:
13459:
12941:
9961:
9040:
7157:
6555:
6427:
5111:
5079:
4953:
4775:
4752:
4721:
4627:
4551:
4288:
4265:
4234:
4216:
4059:
3982:
3949:
3674:
3620:
3571:
3566:
3362:
3268:
3248:
3240:
3211:
3207:
3082:, although none of those elections were considered free or fair nor democratic.
3004:
2987:
2841:
2781:
2758:
2508:, the country's name was changed to the Republic of Belarus on 25 August 1991.
2487:
2362:
2352:
2348:
2292:
2115:
1984:
1902:
1856:. The Belarusian territories acquired by the Russian Empire under the reign of
1833:
1781:
1737:
1733:
1691:
1676:
1643:
Many early principalities were virtually razed or severely affected by a major
1621:
1604:
1579:
1567:
1406:
1386:
1281:
1265:
1209:
1185:
1115:
1059:
1016:
519:
13221:. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 555, 556.
12605:
10801:"Poland Says Belarus Is Letting Migrants Cross Border In 'Hybrid War' With EU"
10463:
10198:. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus. 2002. Archived from
9689:. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus. 2007. Archived from
9105:
8739:
8375:"Ecological reservation in Belarus fosters new approaches to soil remediation"
7184:
Deutsche Herrschaft in Russland, 1941–1945: Eine Studie über Besatzungspolitik
6751:
The Baltic States: Years of Independence – Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, 1917–40
6078:
5620:"Belarus leader Lukashenko holds secret inauguration amid continuing protests"
5593:
4895:
in cycling was also cancelled because Belarus was not considered a safe host.
4619:
2366:
1523:, which are close to Gudija. Yet another hypothesis is based on the idea that
16632:
16614:
16601:
14771:
14613:
14361:
14327:
14161:
13291:
The Reconstruction of Nations: Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, 1569–1999
13212:
12954:
12338:
9852:
8398:
Terms and Definitions FRA 2025 Forest Resources Assessment, Working Paper 194
8214:
7297:
6946:
5928:
Where Nation-States Come From: Institutional Change in the Age of Nationalism
5125:
4438:. But since the mid-20th century, the number of Jews has been reduced by the
4424:
4252:
4027:
3990:
3961:
3616:
3591:
3515:
3476:
3449:
2740:
2736:
2609:
2596:
centered on accusations by Gazprom that Belarus was siphoning oil off of the
2513:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2386:
2192:
1980:
1917:
1894:
1871:
1402:
1364:
used the term to describe the lands added from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
1357:
1244:
1150:
931:
246:
233:
13972:
13164:"The European Union and Belarus: Democracy Promotion by Technocratic Means?"
12864:
9740:"The U.S. Was Set to Send an Ambassador to Belarus. Then Came the Crackdown"
8205:
7456:(New ed.). New Haven, London: Yale University Press. pp. 237–239.
6019:"Law of the Republic of Belarus – About the name of the Republic of Belarus"
3956:
abandoned pegging the Belarusian ruble to the Russian ruble. As part of the
2496:
Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic
1389:, and the Russian Tsar was usually styled "the Tsar of All the Russias", as
1287:
16437:
16364:
15732:
15497:
15407:
14776:
14366:
14332:
14281:
12906:
11152:
11151:. National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus. Archived from
10957:
10353:
10250:. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus. 11 March 2002
9901:"Belarus-Syria report substantial progress in trade and economic relations"
9690:
8232:
4999:
4839:
as an independent nation. Receiving heavy sponsorship from the government,
4697:
4575:
4443:
4342:
4324:
4306:
4270:
4198:
4159:
4043:
4022:
constituting 84.9% of Belarus's total population. Minority groups include:
3945:
3374:
3022:
3008:
2836:
2754:
2357:
2267:
2184:
2156:
2087:
1890:
1777:
1752:
1398:
1296:
1145:
was elected Belarus's first president in the country's first and only free
1095:
366:
310:
15781:
15674:
GOST (Euro-Asian Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification)
13025:
Olson, James Stuart; Pappas, Lee Brigance; Pappas, Nicholas C. J. (1994).
13007:
Miniature Empires: A Historical Dictionary of the Newly Independent States
12287:
12064:
11761:
11544:
11494:
9965:
9573:"UNITED NATIONS MEMBER STATES | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases"
8287:
7577:
7478:
7398:
6877:
The global and the local: understanding the dialectics of business systems
3279:
Leaders of Belarus, Russia, Germany, France, and Ukraine at the summit in
2750:
2592:
ceased the import of gas into Belarus because of price disagreements. The
2280:
1429:
951:
16552:
15722:
15580:
15488:
15428:
15336:
14744:
14444:
14261:
14196:
13821:
13714:
13206:
12744:
12422:
Struggle over identity: the official and the alternative "Belarusianness"
12420:
12209:. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus. November 2011.
11783:
10138:
10094:
9712:
9130:
8833:
8832:. Press Service of the Council of Europe. 17 January 1997. Archived from
7899:"U.S. no longer recognizes Lukashenko as legitimate president of Belarus"
4709:
4705:
4583:
4535:
The Belarusian government sponsors annual cultural festivals such as the
4301:
4019:
4018:
According to the 2019 census the population was 9.41 million with ethnic
4013:
3957:
3877:
3475:
rating is the lowest in Europe, the country is labelled as "not free" by
3389:
3256:
3247:
The Byelorussian SSR was one of the two Soviet republics that joined the
2980:
2829:
2732:
2406:
2381:. In the 1990s some raised the estimate even higher, to 2.7 million. The
2127:
2055:
2028:
1976:
1875:
1760:
1660:
1555:
1549:
1508:
1178:
1130:
888:
623:
493:
478:
407:
322:
157:
15528:
Former "participant" that renounced 1991 agreements and 1993 Charter (1)
12640:
11636:
10712:"In Lithuania, Migrants Find Themselves Caught in a Geopolitical Battle"
10490:"Belarus approves death penalty for officials convicted of high treason"
9334:"Belarus in the aftermath of the Presidential election of 19 March 2006"
2106:
1122:
which dominated politics until well into the 1970s, overseeing Belarus'
16479:
16247:
16186:
16173:
16134:
16121:
15962:
15957:
15909:
15904:
15876:
15843:
15838:
15477:
15472:
15457:
15452:
15442:
15417:
15402:
15387:
15382:
15372:
14675:
14231:
14191:
14171:
14151:
14056:
13454:
11519:
11434:
11005:"Strengthening Institutional Frameworks for Local Governance Programme"
10271:"Nato and Belarus: partnership, past tensions and future possibilities"
9106:""The Election Game": Authoritarian Consolidation Processes in Belarus"
9039:. Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus. 2010. Archived from
8140:
8052:. The Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies.
7674:(3 ed.). Europa Publications Limited. November 1996. p. 181.
7533:
7305:
7273:
6021:(in Russian). Pravo – Law of the Republic of Belarus. 19 September 1991
5055:
4949:
4840:
4638:
2015, as "her main teacher, who helped her to find a path of her own".
4596:
4031:
2777:
2553:
2315:
1768:
was formed by the Poles in order to bring Orthodox Christians into the
1562:
as well as other pastoralists roamed through the area by 1,000 BC. The
1559:
1040:
389:
340:
11949:"Новости – Официальный интернет-портал Президента Республики Беларусь"
10067:. Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Belarus. 2015. Archived from
9928:"Membership of the Republic of Belarus in International Organizations"
9087:
8189:"An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm"
7783:"Belarus asks Lithuania to extradite opposition leader Tsikhanouskaya"
7000:] (in Polish). Wydawn. Uniwersyteckie Trans Humana. pp. 4–5.
4388:
made up about 82%: Eastern Orthodox in Belarus are mainly part of the
16377:
15952:
14715:
14573:
Spans the conventional boundary between Europe and another continent.
14394:
14166:
12925:"Queen Victoria takes the throne determined to court further success"
11758:"Banknotes and Coins of the National Bank of the Republic of Belarus"
10371:
9925:
9447:
9314:. Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. December 2004
9201:
Belarus election 'neither free nor fair,' says UN human rights expert
7989:"Ukraine conflict: UK sanctions Belarus for role in Russian invasion"
7085:
6805:(3rd ed.). Lanham (Md.): Rowman & Littlefield. p. 282.
5051:
4439:
3583:
3542:
3519:
3114:
2963:
2856:
2808:
2744:
2032:
1906:
1032:
13227:
Our Glorious Past': Lukashenka's Belarus and the Great Patriotic War
12771:
12238:
Understanding Belarus and how Western Foreign Policy Misses the Mark
11963:"Belarusian Strongman Lukashenka Bans Price Hikes To Curb Inflation"
10068:
8800:. Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft. Springer VS. pp. 463–493.
6650:
Understanding Belarus and How Western Foreign Policy Misses the Mark
5994:
Understanding Belarus and How Western Foreign Policy Misses the Mark
3454:
3003:
was denounced as a "fantastic" fake by the chief electoral officer,
2447:
power plant located 16 km beyond the border in the neighboring
1375:, the latter part similar but spelled and stressed differently from
16312:
16273:
16210:
16147:
15894:
14766:
14735:
14685:
14586:
14536:
14506:
14427:
14422:
14312:
14246:
14241:
14216:
14076:
13398:
11716:"No Job? Pay Up. Belarus Imposes Fines for Being Unemployed – News"
11093:"Об административно-территориальном устройстве Республики Беларусь"
10751:
10660:
9632:"CIS: Foreign Ministers, Heads Of State Gather In Minsk For Summit"
9005:"Section IV:The President, Parliament, Government, the Courts"
8796:
Burkhardt F. (2016). "Belarus". In Fruhstorfer A.; Hein M. (eds.).
4980:
4921:
4283:
4079:
4023:
3973:
3471:
have criticized Lukashenko's violations of human rights. Belarus's
3280:
2825:
2605:
2601:
2111:
2035:
1773:
1769:
1625:
1620:
In the 9th century, the territory of modern Belarus became part of
1356:
to refer to Belarus was in the late-16th century by Englishman Sir
1253:
926:
870:
30:
This article is about the Republic of Belarus. For other uses, see
15507:
1991 agreements parties that do not participate in the summits (2)
14481:
10956:. Minsk City Executive Committee. 16 December 2009. Archived from
10656:"Belarus dictator threatens to 'flood EU with drugs and migrants'"
10248:"NATO Council adopted individual partnership program with Belarus"
8714:...German Foreign Minister's branding him 'Europe's last dictator'
8143:. Press Service of the President of the Republic of Belarus. 2015.
7971:"Britain and Canada impose sanctions on Belarus leader Lukashenko"
7217:"The Partisan Movements in Belarus During World War II (Part Two)"
6560:
Vossoyedineniye uniatov i istoričeskiye sud'bi Belorusskogo naroda
5791:
5697:"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Belarus)"
5499:. National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus. 2021.
4748:
1712:
1082:
in 1917, different states arose competing for legitimacy amid the
16466:
16325:
16260:
16234:
15967:
15942:
15871:
15828:
15518:
15513:
15462:
15437:
15392:
15367:
14750:
14725:
14720:
14705:
14695:
14670:
14625:
14531:
14271:
14221:
14181:
14136:
14131:
14121:
14106:
14101:
14096:
14081:
14066:
14051:
14046:
14041:
14036:
13086:
Vauchez, André; Dobson, Richard Barrie; Lapidge, Michael (2001).
11099:. National Center of Legal Information of the Republic of Belarus
10494:
9778:. United States State Department. 22 October 2007. Archived from
9705:
9131:
Foreign Affairs; International Trade Canada (25 September 2012).
8696:
8523:
8348:"The United Nations and Chernobyl – The Republic of Belarus"
8020:
6714:
4701:
4570:
4558:
4405:
4319:
4229:
4211:
4183:
4173:
4051:
4047:
3903:
status on 21 June 2007, which raised tariff rates to their prior
3840:
measures of national resource distribution, and it ranks 82nd in
3694:
3686:
3558:
3508:
3496:
3492:
2868:
2821:
2804:
2785:
2773:
2654:
2589:
1905:. Belarusian language was banned in schools while in neighboring
1849:
1837:
1785:
1695:
1575:
1343:
1024:
402:
190:
12000:"Heritage Foundation's Index of Economic Freedom – Belarus"
9990:. European Commission Migration and Home Affairs. Archived from
9275:
8432:"Country Report: Belarus Borders: Borders and policy in Belarus"
8401:. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2023.
6993:
Belarusians and Ukrainians in the policies of the Piłsudski camp
3744:
in Belarus is administered by administrative-territorial units (
2999:
that was supposed to occur in 1999 was pushed back to 2001. The
16679:
Countries and territories where Russian is an official language
16505:
16390:
16299:
16160:
15947:
15848:
15467:
15397:
14740:
14730:
14710:
14439:
14317:
14291:
14266:
14256:
14236:
14226:
14211:
14206:
14186:
14156:
14126:
14111:
14086:
14020:
10558:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
10433:
8601:
Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War
8485:
Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War
6973:"Stosunki polsko-białoruskie pod okupacją sowiecką (1939–1941)"
6556:Воссоединение униатов и исторические судьбы Белорусского народа
6402:
Rowell, S.C. (2005). "Baltic Europe". In Jones, Michael (ed.).
5087:
5067:
4929:
4906:
4808:
Please try to keep recent events in historical perspective and
4763:
4566:
4420:
4247:
4055:
3788:
3682:
3654:
3624:
3612:
3604:
3554:
3535:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
3428:
Please try to keep recent events in historical perspective and
2864:
2860:
2852:
2671:
2251:
2091:
1433:
1273:
1055:; it is administered separately as a city with special status.
1036:
1028:
1020:
204:
12618:
12302:"Belarus, Roman Catholic Church may ink cooperation agreement"
8547:"Analysis | Can people power topple Europe's 'last dictator'?"
7672:
Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States 1997
6152:. Warsaw: Uczelnia Łazarskiego. pp. 56–68. Archived from
5245:
1844:
The union between Poland and Lithuania ended in 1795 with the
1632:
in 1054, the state split into independent principalities. The
16531:
16419:
16351:
16338:
16286:
16095:
16082:
15932:
15927:
15899:
14541:
14251:
14176:
14146:
13449:
13371:
12406:
11623:
10833:
10599:"Lukashenko blames Americans and drunks for Belarus protests"
9772:"Belarus Democracy Act Will Help Cause of Freedom, Bush Says"
7765:"Protests in Belarus continue despite challenger's departure"
6563:
5260:
5205:
4944:
in 2012. She also won the gold medal in mixed doubles at the
4767:
4477:
4409:
4337:
4193:
4154:
4146:
4136:
4039:
4035:
3714:
3690:
3678:
3300:
2717:
2675:
2240:
2067:
1637:
1276:(i.e., Polotsk, Vitebsk and Mogilev) had been referred to as
1269:
1261:
1173:. Belarus is the only European country that continues to use
1048:
919:
225:
16664:
Member states of the Collective Security Treaty Organization
15312:
13360:
13027:
Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires
10128:
10039:"Belarus freezes migrant cooperation deal over EU sanctions"
9110:
Demokratizatsiya: The Journal of Post-Soviet Democratization
8047:"Could Russia's Reliance on Belarus be its Soft Underbelly?"
7867:"Belarus opposition leader: Foreign mediation may be needed"
6434:(1st ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 63–64.
5166:
Lukashenko as the legitimate president of Belarus since the
3155:, who represented a coalition of opposition parties, and by
2571:
election for the presidency on 24 June 1994 and 10 July 1994
2145:(SSR LiB), which lost control of its territories by August.
1616:
in Eastern Europe before the Mongol and Lithuanian invasions
1165:. It has continued a number of Soviet-era policies, such as
16518:
16492:
16108:
16008:
15937:
15866:
15673:
14432:
8883:"Belarus – Office of the Directorate General of Programmes"
5638:"Belarus: Mass protests after Lukashenko secretly sworn in"
5306:
5300:
5251:
5196:
5190:
4729:
4725:
4423:, consisting in a mixture of Belarusians and the country's
3381:
3214:
did not recognise the result and the EU imposed sanctions.
2812:
2800:
2123:
1820:
1588:
1584:
1512:
1361:
13205:
Kropotkin, Peter Alexeivitch; Bealby, John Thomas (1911).
12794:"Шагал в Беларуси: игнорируемый, забытый и снова открытый"
11760:. National Bank of the Republic of Belarus. Archived from
11270:"Russia may cut oil supplies to ally Belarus – Putin"
11066:. Central Election Commission of the Republic of Belarus.
8590:'..an authoritarian ruling style is characteristic of me '
7077:
6998:
Białorusini i Ukraińcy w polityce obozu piłsudczykowskiego
6338:
5851:"Why Is Belarus called White Russia | Belarus Travel"
5324:
4565:
translated the Bible into Belarusian. It was published in
3033:
The House of Representatives has the power to appoint the
2512:, the chairman of the Supreme Soviet of Belarus, met with
2328:
in 1941, but in 1943 the German authorities allowed local
2247:
1490:
is not clear. By one hypothesis the word derives from the
13250:
Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States
13150:
The Last Dictatorship in Europe: Belarus under Lukashenko
12887:
Cultures Profile Project – Eating the Belarusian Way
12371:
12369:
12263:"Belarusian Religion statistics, definitions and sources"
10745:
Beniušis, Vaidotas; Balkūnas, Vidmantas (5 August 2021).
10684:"Belarus dictator weaponizes illegal migrants against EU"
10603:
9617:"Russia-Belarus relations: The future of the union state"
9309:"OSCE Report on the October 2004 parliamentary elections"
9228:
8726:
Liabedzka, Anatoly (2008). "Europe's Last Dictatorship".
8185:
7952:"U.S., EU Sanction Belarus in Coordinated Western Action"
7508:"Belarus: Five things you may not know about the country"
5312:
5040:
4771:
3944:. The currency was introduced in May 1992 to replace the
3933:
3929:
2600:
that runs through Belarus. Two years later the so-called
1751:
In the years following the union, the process of gradual
1728:
On 2 February 1386, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the
946:
14015:
13234:
The Last Soviet Republic: Alexander Lukashenko's Belarus
12235:
Ioffe, Grigoriĭ Viktorovich; Ioffe, Grigorij V. (2008).
12063:. United Nations Office in Belarus. 2003. Archived from
11806:"Belarus abandons pegging its currency to Russian ruble"
9592:
9214:"Belarus poll workers describe fraud in Aug. 9 election"
8155:"Belarus: Window of Opportunity (see Table 15, page 66)"
7849:"Belarus protests: Why Poland is backing the opposition"
6653:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. p. 57.
5428:
5358:
2828:
cultivation, which are meant to decrease soil levels of
2322:
for Germans. Most of Western Belarus became part of the
2155:
The contested lands were divided between Poland and the
150:
134:
16654:
Member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States
12204:"Religion and denominations in the Republic of Belarus"
11145:"Number and territorial distribution of the population"
6903:
13241:
The Rise and Fall of Belarusian Nationalism, 1906–1931
13136:
Bibliography of the history of Belarus and Byelorussia
12366:
11862:, Associated Press, 1 June 2011; retrieved 2 June 2011
11524:
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus
10922:"Section V: Local government and self-government"
10857:"US, EU, UK and Canada Announce New Belarus Sanctions"
10131:"Military Development and the Armed Forces of Belarus"
6587:
4959:
Other notable Belarusian sportspeople include cyclist
3976:
code: BYN) was introduced in July 2016, replacing the
3856:
In April 2022, as a result of its facilitation of the
3561:
in order to detain opposition activist and journalist
2339:
During World War II, Belarus was home to a variety of
1889:
the national cultures were repressed with policies of
1694:, including the territories of modern-day Belarus and
1558:
predominated in what now constitutes Belarus, and the
15487:
Self-proclaimed "associate member" as defined in the
11437:. "Belarus: Prices, Markets, and Enterprise Reform",
11298:
9283:"Lukashenka vs. democracy: Where is Belarus heading?"
8798:
Constitutional Politics in Central and Eastern Europe
7710:"Belarus Economic Crisis Deepens as Currency Plunges"
6801:
Ioffe, Grigorij Viktorovič; Silitski, Vitali (2018).
5805:
5458:
5336:
5327:
5315:
5272:
5263:
5239:
5217:
5208:
5184:
4851:
has never qualified for a major tournament; however,
4720:
The traditional Belarusian dress originates from the
4476:
Bilingual Belarusian–Russian sign in Belarusian town
2143:
Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia
2137:(SSRB) for just two months, but then merged with the
1248:. There are several claims to the origin of the name
13300:
Russia, Ukraine, and the Breakup of the Soviet Union
13085:
12935:
11889:
11887:
11881:
Associated Press, 1 June 2011; retrieved 2 June 2011
11339:
11037:. Press Service President of the Republic of Belarus
9681:
9679:
9133:"Standing up for Free and Fair Elections in Belarus"
8914:. British Broadcasting Corporation. 9 January 2007.
8692:"Belarus's Lukashenko: 'Better a dictator than gay'"
8179:
7202:
Kritika Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History
7119:Гiсторыя Беларусі. Том пяты.—Мінск, 2006.—с. 449–474
6715:
Vitali Silitski, Jr.; Jan Zaprudnik (7 April 2010).
6500:
6079:""Беларусь" vs "Белоруссия": ставим точку в вопросе"
5875:
5511:"Generations and Gender Survey, 2020 Belarus Wave 1"
5321:
5309:
5303:
5297:
5257:
5248:
5242:
5202:
5193:
5187:
5101:
5010:, who earned bronze at the 2012 London Olympics and
4835:
Belarus has competed in the Olympic Games since the
3127:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
2231:
German occupation of Byelorussia during World War II
13157:
Belarus Under Lukashenka: Adaptive Authoritarianism
12768:"Belarus entry to the 2004 Eurovision Song Contest"
12280:
12031:"Национальный состав населения Республики Беларусь"
11492:
9954:"Growth in United Nations membership, 1945–present"
9088:"Statement of Preliminary Findings and Conclusions"
9037:"Deputy Prime Ministers of the Republic of Belarus"
8417:
Food Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
7747:"Belarus's Protests Aren't Particularly Anti-Putin"
6461:(6th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
5997:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 41.
5824:
5822:
5820:
5294:
5254:
5199:
4390:
Belarusian Exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church
2803:deposits, small quantities of oil and natural gas,
2213:was discouraged. Belarusian leadership was sent to
1959:
980:"FAO's Information System on Water and Agriculture"
11342:"The Russian-Belarusian Union and the Near Abroad"
11205:"Belarus GDP Distribution Across Economic Sectors"
10129:Bykovsky, Pavel; Alexander Vasilevich (May 2001).
9802:"China's Xi promises Belarus $ 1 billion in loans"
9443:"Belarus: 7 presidential candidates face 15 years"
9419:
8413:"Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020, Belarus"
6773:
6127:"Lithuania Refuses to Call Belarus as "Belarusia""
3321:Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe
3062:Lukashenko was officially re-elected as president
2653:and other members of the Belarusian opposition in
2645:erupted across the country following the disputed
2470:Leaders of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus signed the
2372:The German occupation in 1941–1944 and war on the
1342:mention the imprisonment of Lithuanian grand duke
13047:The Cossacks and Religion in Early Modern Ukraine
13024:
12175:"International Programs: International Data Base"
12088:О демографической ситуации в январе-марте 2015 г.
11884:
11734:"The EU's Relationship With Belarus – Trade"
11596:
9738:Gramer, Robbie; Mackinnon, Amy (12 August 2020).
9719:. British Broadcasting Corporation. 27 April 2009
9676:
9629:
9504:
9079:
8429:
6540:
5778:"Time Zone & Clock Changes in Minsk, Belarus"
5411:within Belarus, although commonly used in Russia.
4973:800m at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics
4484:Belarus's two official languages are Russian and
3529:Rally against Lukashenko in Minsk, 23 August 2020
3522:are lacking in Belarus's anti-corruption system.
3267:(CIS). Belarus has trade agreements with several
1870:) in 1796 and held until their occupation by the
1701:
16630:
15190:German occupation of Estonia during World War II
13340:Belorussia: The Making of a Nation: A Case Study
13243:(University of Pittsburgh Press; 2014) 436 pages
13068:From Da to Yes: Understanding the East Europeans
12134:
12132:
12130:
12128:
11303:. Emerald Publishing Limited. pp. 235–248.
10744:
9426:Belarus opposition leader Andrei Sannikov jailed
7706:
6708:
6608:Belarus: From Soviet Rule to Nuclear Catastrophe
6426:
5924:
5817:
4843:is the nation's second most popular sport after
3717:, commonly translated as districts (Belarusian:
3101:Neither the pro-Lukashenko parties, such as the
2716:, relatively flat, and contains large tracts of
2266:two weeks earlier which marked the beginning of
2209:and Belarusian schools being closed. Use of the
2187:drive was inspired and influenced by the Polish
1720:in the 15th century prior to its union with the
1566:later became widespread at the beginning of the
1524:
1511:. Another hypothesis connects the word with the
1485:
1479:
1473:
1460:
1448:
1264:who had been Christianized early, as opposed to
124:
49:
13318:Treadgold, Donald; Ellison, Herbert J. (1999).
11085:
10430:"In chase of upgrade: serfdom for woodworkers?"
9737:
9476:"Why Belarus' Dictator Is Not Fond of Applause"
4924:whose honours include three gold medals at the
4712:and was a founder of the Vitebsk Arts College.
4578:. Many Belarusian writers of the time, such as
3824:Belarus regions by Gross Regional Product (GRP)
2504:erupted in April 1991. With the support of the
969:Constitution of the Republic of Belarus of 1994
16689:States and territories established in the 980s
11872:Belarus Appeals To IMF For $ 8bln Rescue Loan.
11826:
9926:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the RB (2007).
9473:
9147:
8830:"Belarus suspended from the Council of Europe"
8281:
8279:
7186:, pp. 234–236. Droste Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf.
6673:
4454:, Belarus has no official religion. While the
3546:girls there had their butts painted in blue".
3395:
3327:. Belarus is included in the European Union's
3272:government and opposition groups in dialogue.
1578:. The region was first permanently settled by
1494:
1129:The parliament of the republic proclaimed the
650:207,595 km (80,153 sq mi) (
15994:
15797:
15298:
14641:
14001:
13977:
13414:
13268:Silitski, Vitali & Jan Zaprudnik (2010).
12955:"Belarus – UNESCO World Heritage Centre"
12623:. Belarus:Between the East and the West (I).
12125:
11669:"What Are The Biggest Industries In Belarus?"
11458:
11456:
11454:
10268:
9103:
8936:
8520:"Interview with Belarus President Lukashenko"
8452:
8135:
8133:
7362:
7130:
6856:. Official website of the Republic of Belarus
6800:
6482:"Belarusian": UCLA Language Materials Project
6215:Historical Atlas, Ancient and Classical World
5951:
5572:Geopolitics: Making Sense of a Changing World
5569:
5402:
4875:in Eurasia, particularly for Belarusian club
3037:, make constitutional amendments, call for a
2784:) to −8 °C (17.6 °F) in northeast (
2379:a staggering quarter of the prewar population
1865:
1454:
1376:
1268:, which was predominantly inhabited by pagan
1208:. It has shown no aspirations of joining the
1043:climate and is administratively divided into
664:1.4% (2.830 km or 1.093 sq mi)
140:
64:
16669:Member states of the Eurasian Economic Union
15713:Customs Union of the Eurasian Economic Union
14367:autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark
12885:Canadian Citizenship and Immigration –
11631:. World Intellectual Property Organization.
11563:
10627:"EU imposes sanctions on Belarusian economy"
9623:
9588:
9586:
8795:
8666:"Belarus: inside Europe's last dictatorship"
8248:Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia 2003
7274:"Understanding Belarus: Belarusian Identity"
7163:Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin
7036:. University Press of Kentucky. p. 137.
6630:
6628:
6581:
6503:Societies, Corporations and the Nation State
5727:"GINI index (World Bank estimate) – Belarus"
5691:
5689:
5687:
5685:
3972:. A new currency, the new Belarusian ruble (
3964:(RUB), starting as early as 1 January 2008.
3565:along with his girlfriend; in response, the
3539:protests following the presidential election
2307:
2062:. Centered on the historical capital of the
1772:. The Belarusian church entered into a full
15811:
15602:Collective Security Treaty (1992-1999/2002)
12709:
12707:
11229:
11227:
11225:
10541:. GAN Integrity Solutions. 5 November 2020.
10398:"Lukashenka promises "serfdom" in villages"
10294:
10292:
10161:"Belarus § Military and Security"
10122:
8900:
8594:
8478:
8434:. University of Eastern Finland. p. 14
8276:
8056:
7969:Ljunggren, Josh Smith (29 September 2020).
7700:
7242:
6967:
6965:
6963:
6961:
6454:
6448:
6406:. Cambridge University Press. p. 710.
6404:The New Cambridge Medieval History (Vol. 6)
6374:"The Russo-Polish Historical Confrontation"
6174:
6101:State Commission of the Lithuanian Language
6038:
6036:
5565:
5563:
4446:, numbering over 15,000, are predominantly
3832:, but at 60th place in the United Nations'
3653:Belarus is divided into six regions called
3630:
3457:depicting Belarusian human rights activist
3380:Belarus has not expressed a desire to join
1347:
1314:
1308:
1133:of Belarus on 27 July 1990, and during the
16684:States and territories established in 1991
16001:
15987:
15804:
15790:
15617:Council of Ministers of Defense of the CIS
15359:1991 agreements parties and "participants"
15305:
15291:
15101:Czech resistance against German occupation
14648:
14634:
14008:
13994:
13421:
13407:
13184:Levy, Patricia; Spilling, Michael (2009).
12987:After the Breakup of a Multi-Ethnic Empire
12497:
12234:
11786:. National Bank of the Republic of Belarus
11628:Global Innovation Index 2023, 16th Edition
11569:
11486:
11451:
11333:
11023:
10773:
10330:. Human Rights Watch. 2005. Archived from
9919:
9875:"Syria and Belarus agree to promote trade"
9388:
8130:
8097:
8095:
8093:
8091:
8089:
8040:
8038:
6989:
6955:(Polish edition), second tome, pp. 512–513
6604:
6536:
6534:
6303:Pa sliadakh adnago mifa (Tracing one Myth)
6299:
6143:
3895:Belarus applied to become a member of the
2875:
2538:Supreme Council of the Republic of Belarus
2168:, led to famine and political repression.
1507:, in its turn, is one of the names of the
189:
179:
14760:Sovereign states with limited recognition
13106:
12984:
12810:
12425:. Budapest: CEU press. pp. 151–155.
11414:"EU restrictive measures against Belarus"
11111:
10535:"Snapshot of the Belarus Country Profile"
10153:
10031:
10006:
9754:"Modest Advances in US-Belarus Relations"
9583:
9194:
8999:
8997:
8995:
8725:
8684:
8315:
8270:
8222:
8204:
8013:
7968:
7399:"Belarus – Stalin and Russification"
7392:
7390:
7388:
7386:
7338:. Carroll & Graf Publishers. p.
6942:
6940:
6938:
6936:
6735:
6634:
6625:
6525:
6345:Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966–1945
6326:
6320:
6201:
6011:
5828:
5682:
3997:created by "unfriendly" foreign nations.
3503:, having carried out executions in 2011.
2458:becoming a major pro-independence force.
1499:, which, in turn, is related to the form
818:
15314:Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
14589:which has sovereignty over Vatican City.
13064:
12863:. Fotw.fivestarflags.com. Archived from
12861:"Belarus – Ornament, Flags of the World"
12704:
12579:
12577:
12140:"Belarus § People and Society"
11726:
11222:
10681:
10300:"Human rights by country – Belarus"
10289:
9827:Li, Yan; Cheng, Enfu (1 December 2020).
9394:
9241:The Oxford Handbook of Electoral Systems
9237:"Presidential and Legislative Elections"
9160:The Oxford Handbook of Electoral Systems
9156:"Presidential and Legislative Elections"
9097:
8632:
7578:"Belarus – Prelude to Independence"
7571:
7569:
7567:
7565:
7327:
7325:
7323:
7267:
7265:
7029:
6958:
6420:
6255:
6033:
5978:
5952:Fishman, Joshua; Garcia, Ofelia (2011).
5560:
5503:
4897:
4747:
4606:
4522:
4471:
4394:Belarusian Autocephalous Orthodox Church
4364:
3923:
3819:
3811:
3644:
3524:
3448:
3348:
3274:
3227:
3131:
3084:
3021:
2931:
2749:
2630:
2552:
2465:
2396:
2246:
2234:
2166:five-year plans for the national economy
2135:Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia
2105:
2086:), for 18 months the entity served as a
1963:
1819:
1802:Belarusian history in the Russian Empire
1711:
1624:, a vast East Slavic state ruled by the
1608:
1397:was formed by three parts of Russia—the
1307:is often conflated with its Latin forms
1286:
1126:from an agrarian to industrial economy.
546:Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia
184:
142:Государственный гимн Республики Беларусь
16010:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
15748:Collective Security Treaty Organization
15325:Belovezh Agreement establishing the CIS
13003:
12947:
12548:
12308:. BelITA. 25 April 2009. Archived from
12198:
12196:
11520:"Belarus and CIS countries and Georgia"
11349:Norwegian Institute for Defence Studies
11202:
11137:
10999:
10997:
10774:Wądołowska, Agnieszka (6 August 2021).
10709:
10322:
10320:
9826:
9249:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190258658.001.0001
8760:
8663:
8340:
8086:
8035:
7454:Belarus: The Last European Dictatorship
7366:Belarus: The Last European Dictatorship
7134:Belarus: The Last European Dictatorship
7046:
7033:Belorussia under Soviet Rule, 1917–1957
6825:
6753:. C. Hurst & Co. pp. 100–102.
6568:
6531:
5869:
5811:
5061:
4965:2015 Road World Time Trial Championship
4648:. In the 19th century, Polish composer
3758:административно-территориальные единицы
3586:authorities and top European officials
3549:On 23 May 2021, Belarusian authorities
3386:International Security Assistance Force
3313:Collective Security Treaty Organization
3263:. Belarus was a founding member of the
2198:Belarusian Peasants' and Workers' Union
2103:'s confederation plans by Polish ally.
1724:. Belarus was fully within its borders.
1478:(White Russia), Belarus is also called
1428:became commonly used in the regions of
1319:, thus Belarus is often referred to as
1086:, ultimately ending in the rise of the
974:
964:
158:State Anthem of the Republic of Belarus
152:Gosudarstvennyy gimn Respubliki Belarus
14:
16631:
15331:Alma-Ata Protocol establishing the CIS
13502:Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
13043:
12944:, OpenNet Initiative, 18 November 2010
12025:
12023:
12021:
11666:
10884:
10882:
10880:
10451:Death sentences and executions in 2011
9650:
9531:. Russia Today Society. Archived from
8992:
8350:. United Nations. 2004. Archived from
8044:
7451:
7383:
7369:. Yale University Press. p. 110.
6933:
6680:. Yale University Press. p. 282.
6401:
6226:
5912:
5719:
5397:; alternatively and formerly known as
4879:, and several have also played in the
4518:
3750:адміністрацыйна-тэрытарыяльныя адзінкі
3373:Most of Belarus's service members are
3107:Republican Party of Labour and Justice
2150:Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
1188:since its founding and has joined the
559:Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
15982:
15785:
15286:
14629:
13989:
13976:
13402:
13347:A Bibliographical Guide to Belorussia
12574:
12418:
12109:. World-gazetteer.com. Archived from
11428:
11358:from the original on 27 November 2007
10653:
10328:"Essential Background – Belarus"
9638:from the original on 16 November 2007
9395:Oliphant, Roland (25 December 2010).
9301:
9293:from the original on 12 August 2020.
9234:
9168:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190258658.013.23
9153:
8366:
8285:
8250:. Taylor & Francis. p. 132.
8239:
8014:Guarascio, Francesco (2 March 2022).
7575:
7562:
7476:
7470:
7396:
7331:
7320:
7271:
7262:
7243:Chernyshova, Natalya (15 June 2022).
7214:
6874:
6741:
6646:
6611:. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 26.
6501:Scheuch, E.K.; David Sciulli (2000).
6371:
6262:. Longmans, Green. pp. 491–492.
6137:
5990:
5881:
5741:
5669:"Population at the beginning of 2024"
5574:. Rowman & Littlefield. pp.
5467:
5437:
5392:
5367:
5168:2020 Belarusian presidential election
5144:Republican Scientific Medical Library
5021:
4993:UFC heavyweight champion of the world
4952:, who holds ten Grand Slam titles in
4936:became the first Belarusian to win a
4893:2021 UEC European Track Championships
3170:After the December completion of the
3142:2006 Belarusian presidential election
2647:2020 Belarusian presidential election
2419:to isolate the Byelorussian SSR from
1784:in 1595, while keeping its Byzantine
1184:The country has been a member of the
207: (dark grey) – [
201:Location of Belarus (green)
13428:
12663:"The Nobel Prize in Literature 2015"
12562:from the original on 11 October 2007
12193:
12177:. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from
11979:
10994:
10510:"2012 Human Rights Reports: Belarus"
10317:
10222:"North Atlantic Treaty Organization"
9820:
9455:from the original on 19 January 2011
9435:
9085:
9062:Belarus vote 'neither free nor fair'
8822:
8645:from the original on 6 December 2021
8580:from the original on 23 October 2007
8530:from the original on 8 November 2021
8377:. International Atomic Energy Agency
8245:
7124:
7102:
7071:
7040:
6868:
6790:from the original on 9 October 2022.
6783:(in Polish). F. Mildner & Sons.
6286:The chronicle of Novgorod, 1016–1471
5887:
5756:United Nations Development Programme
5655:"Lukashenko appoints new government"
5094:(shared with nine other countries).
4785:
3968:an economic rescue package from the
3405:
3357:on the Belarusian border with Poland
3217:
3015:(the lower house) and the 64-member
2139:Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
1766:Belarusian Byzantine Catholic Church
1214:bilateral relationship with the bloc
1110:were reintegrated into it after the
16659:Member states of the United Nations
15096:Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
13162:Korosteleva, Elena A. (June 2016).
13110:Belarus: At a Crossroads in History
12985:Birgerson, Susanne Michele (2002).
12679:
12216:from the original on 9 October 2022
12018:
11829:"Belarus devaluation spreads panic"
11808:. English.pravda.ru. 23 August 2007
11572:"Belarus – Country Brief 2003"
11173:
11073:from the original on 9 October 2022
10914:
10877:
9845:10.13169/worlrevipoliecon.11.4.0428
9203:, United Nations (13 October 2015).
8704:from the original on 6 October 2015
8633:Treisman, Rachel (16 August 2020).
8557:from the original on 24 August 2020
8544:
8167:from the original on 1 October 2008
7249:Seventeen Moments in Soviet History
7182:(German) Dallin, Alexander (1958).
7078:Taylor & Francis Group (2004).
6175:Shaw, Ian; Jameson, Robert (2008).
3736:
3649:Administrative divisions of Belarus
3050:and specialized courts such as the
2661:were imposed in 2022 following the
1574:were found in Belarus and parts of
136:Dziaržaŭny Himn Respubliki Biełaruś
24:
16425:Commonwealth of Independent States
15201:Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
14902:Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic
14655:
13361:Website of the Republic of Belarus
13129:
12961:from the original on 21 April 2006
12621:International Journal of Sociology
12558:. Virtual Guide to Belarus. 1994.
12107:"Largest Cities of Belarus (2007)"
11190:"Gini Coefficient by Country 2023"
10269:Laurie Walker (21 November 2010).
9713:"Belarus president visits Vatican"
9407:from the original on 11 March 2011
9376:from the original on 13 March 2006
8918:from the original on 20 April 2010
8664:Rausing, Sigrid (7 October 2012).
8328:from the original on 24 April 2006
8316:Rainsford, Sarah (26 April 2005).
7829:. Voice of Belarus. 7 January 2021
7215:Ioffe, Grigory (6 February 2015).
7195:
6904:Nick Baron; Peter Gatrell (2004).
6747:"The Early Stages of Independence"
6721:. Scarecrow Press. pp. 308–.
6491:, ucla.edu; accessed 4 March 2016.
6282:
5876:Vauchez, Dobson & Lapidge 2001
5749:"Human Development Report 2023/24"
4778:when greeting a guest or visitor.
4097:Largest cities or towns in Belarus
3870:Commonwealth of Independent States
3627:imposed new sanctions on Belarus.
3551:forcibly diverted a Ryanair flight
3265:Commonwealth of Independent States
2992:change in the constitution in 2004
2594:2007 Russia–Belarus energy dispute
2586:2004 Russia–Belarus energy dispute
2526:Commonwealth of Independent States
2052:1st Lithuanian–Belarusian Division
1867:Белорусское генерал-губернаторство
1503:, which is a distorted version of
1352:" in 1381. The first known use of
1260:that had been populated mostly by
126:Дзяржаўны гімн Рэспублікі Беларусь
25:
16700:
13715:Union State of Russia and Belarus
13354:
13229:(Columbia University Press, 2014)
13152:(Columbia University Press, 2011)
12839:"Belarusian traditional clothing"
12680:Zou, Crystal (11 December 2003).
12061:"About Belarus – Population"
11784:"History of the Belarusian ruble"
11309:10.1108/978-1-83867-695-720191016
11276:. 25 October 2006. Archived from
10710:Hopkins, Valerie (19 July 2021).
10119:Military Balance 2007, pp. 158–59
9833:World Review of Political Economy
9593:United States Government (2007).
9509:. Parties and Elections in Europe
9366:"Belarus rally marred by arrests"
8618:from the original on 12 June 2020
8455:"Country Report: Belarus Borders"
8372:
8045:Ferris, Emily (12 January 2023).
7887:. eeas.europa.eu. 24 August 2020.
7534:"Post-Soviet Belarus: A Timeline"
6594:(in Russian). Тип. А.С. Суворина.
6455:Riasanovsky, Nicholas V. (1999).
6372:Nowak, Andrzej (1 January 1997).
6229:The Origins of the Slavic Nations
5469:[rʲɪsˈpublʲɪkəbʲɪlɐˈrusʲ]
4450:. According to Article 16 of the
4370:Saint Sophia Cathedral in Polotsk
3901:Generalized System of Preferences
2548:
2520:of Ukraine on 8 December 1991 in
2152:(BSSR) was created in July 1920.
1795:
1238:is closely related with the term
1157:in international measurements of
1102:(1918–1921), Belarus lost almost
16524:
16511:
16498:
16485:
16472:
16459:
16430:
16396:
16383:
16370:
16357:
16344:
16331:
16318:
16305:
16292:
16279:
16266:
16253:
16240:
16227:
16203:
16179:
16166:
16153:
16140:
16127:
16114:
16101:
16088:
16075:
16062:
15766:
15765:
15156:German occupation in World War I
14607:
14596:
14595:
14290:
12917:
12899:
12896:(1998); retrieved 21 March 2007.
12879:
12853:
12831:
12804:
12786:
12759:
12729:
12673:
12655:
12612:
12590:
12523:
12472:
12446:
12412:
12399:
12344:
12324:
12294:
12255:
12228:
12167:
12099:
12079:
12053:
11992:
11973:
11955:
11941:
11915:
11865:
11846:
11820:
11798:
11776:
11750:
11708:
11686:
11660:
11617:
11590:
11537:
11512:
11406:
11388:
11370:
11292:
11262:
11196:
11182:
11167:
11049:
10982:. Minsk City Executive Committee
10972:
10946:
10849:
10821:
10793:
10767:
10738:
10703:
10682:Whitmore, Brian (30 June 2021).
10675:
10647:
10619:
10591:
10573:
10545:
10527:
10502:
10482:
10456:
10453:Amnesty International March 2012
10444:
10422:
10404:
10390:
10364:
10346:
10262:
10240:
10214:
10188:
10109:
10083:
10057:
9980:
9958:Department of Public Information
9946:
9893:
9867:
9794:
9764:
9746:
9731:
9609:
9597:. United States State Department
9565:
9547:
9521:
9498:
9467:
9358:
9326:
9206:
9124:
9067:
9055:
9029:
8967:
8955:
8930:
8875:
8848:
8789:
8754:
8719:
8657:
8512:
8472:
8446:
8423:
8405:
8389:
8309:
8264:
8147:
8007:
7981:
7962:
7944:
7926:
7908:
7891:
7877:
7859:
7841:
7819:
7797:
7775:
7757:
7707:Andrew E. Kramer (11 May 2011).
7695:Profile: Europe's last dictator?
7272:Ioffe, Grigory (December 2003).
6829:Belarus: A Denationalized Nation
6803:Historical dictionary of Belarus
6256:Robinson, Charles Henry (1917).
5892:. Minsk, Belarus: Encyclopedix.
5570:John R. Short (25 August 2021).
5439:[rɛsˈpublʲikabʲɛlaˈrusʲ]
5290:
5235:
5180:
5118:
5104:
4971:, who won the gold medal in the
4790:
4177:
4167:
4140:
4130:
3711:областной исполнительный комитет
3410:
3261:dispute over the petroleum trade
3161:All Belarusian People's Assembly
3113:opposition parties, such as the
3103:Belarusian Social Sporting Party
2910:
2890:
2851:Belarus borders five countries:
2573:catapulted the formerly unknown
1960:Early states and interwar period
1570:. In addition, remains from the
1543:
1385:) first rose in the days of the
842:
817:
795:
794:
776:
775:
743:
742:
724:
723:
572:Declaration of State Sovereignty
162:
102:
88:
15753:Collective Rapid Reaction Force
15738:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
15561:Unified Team at the Paralympics
13142:List of Slavic studies journals
13089:Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages
12977:
12765:National State Teleradiocompany
11895:"ISO 4217 Amendment Number 161"
11667:Sharon, Omondi (14 June 2019).
10539:Business Anti-Corruption Portal
9988:"European Neighbourhood Policy"
9658:"EU imposes Belarus travel ban"
8908:"Profile: Alexander Lukashenko"
8570:"Profile: Alexander Lukashenko"
8103:"Belarus § Geography"
7739:
7721:
7688:
7664:
7629:
7599:
7544:
7526:
7500:
7445:
7428:"Потери гражданского населения"
7420:
7356:
7236:
7208:
7204:: 807 – via ResearchGate.
7189:
7176:
7151:
7023:
7014:
6983:
6897:
6846:
6819:
6794:
6767:
6694:
6667:
6640:
6598:
6588:Иван Петрович Корнилов (1908).
6546:
6541:Olson, Pappas & Pappas 1994
6519:
6494:
6475:
6395:
6365:
6332:
6293:
6276:
6249:
6220:
6207:
6195:
6168:
6119:
6103:(in Lithuanian). Archived from
6089:
6085:(in Russian). 26 February 2014.
6071:
5984:
5972:
5945:
5918:
5906:
5843:
5834:
5784:
5770:
5661:
5657:. eng.belta.by. 19 August 2020.
5640:. BBC News. 23 September 2020.
5414:
5173:
4634:, the Belarusian winner of the
4003:
3940:The currency of Belarus is the
2942:Belarus, by constitution, is a
2867:to the north and the east, and
2696:Belarus lies between latitudes
2461:
2220:
1940:During the negotiations of the
1216:, and also participates in the
1135:dissolution of the Soviet Union
13497:Belarusian Democratic Republic
13480:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
12942:"ONI Country Profile: Belarus"
12633:10.1080/15579336.2001.11770234
11827:Yuras Karmanau (25 May 2011).
10837:(in Lithuanian). 6 August 2021
9474:Motlagh, Jason (7 July 2011).
8775:10.1080/1080/09668130500199509
6990:Mironowicz, Eugeniusz (2007).
5931:. Princeton University Press.
5853:. 5 April 2016. Archived from
5647:
5630:
5612:
5600:
5533:
5486:
5156:
5134:List of Belarus-related topics
4887:was hosted in Belarus and the
4378:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
3580:migrants to the European Union
2726:Central European mixed forests
2543:Party of Belarusian Communists
2506:Communist Party of Byelorussia
2332:to set up a client state, the
2295:was the first major battle of
2173:western part of modern Belarus
1948:. Immediately afterwards, the
1909:primary school education with
1742:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1708:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1702:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1628:. Upon the death of its ruler
1598:
1284:in the 9th to 13th centuries.
1072:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
843:
533:Belarusian Democratic Republic
13:
1:
15669:Interstate Aviation Committee
15581:CIS national rugby union team
15027:People's Republic of Bulgaria
14551:country of the United Kingdom
13676:Presidential Security Service
13512:Annexation of Western Belarus
13394:FAO Country Profiles: Belarus
13345:Vakar, Nicholas Platonovich.
13338:Vakar, Nicholas Platonovich.
13190:. New York: Benchmark Books.
13178:10.1080/13510347.2015.1005009
12505:"Belarusian National Culture"
11980:Ntim, Zac (10 January 2023).
11422:Council of the European Union
11400:Council of the European Union
11340:Kaare Dahl Martinsen (2002).
11235:"Belarus § Economy"
10632:Council of the European Union
9964:. 3 July 2006. Archived from
8459:University of Eastern Finland
8318:"Belarus cursed by Chernobyl"
6677:The Reconstruction of Nations
5479:
5028:Telecommunications in Belarus
4967:, and middle-distance runner
4812:related to non-recent events.
4803:slanted towards recent events
4654:Vintsent Dunin-Martsinkyevich
4613:Vintsent Dunin-Martsinkyevich
3910:
3432:related to non-recent events.
3423:slanted towards recent events
3333:European Neighbourhood Policy
2663:country's role and complicity
2638:has ruled Belarus since 1994.
2043:Republic of Central Lithuania
1897:which included the return to
1327:. The name first appeared in
1212:but nevertheless maintains a
284:Recognized minority languages
15703:Eurasian Patent Organization
15612:Joint CIS Air Defense System
15576:CIS national ice hockey team
15556:Unified Team at the Olympics
15161:Estonian War of Independence
13661:Ministry of Internal Affairs
13303:. Hoover Institution Press.
12715:"Classical Music of Belarus"
12598:"About Nasha Niva newspaper"
12241:. Rowman & Littlefield.
11967:Radiofreeeurope/Radioliberty
11600:Transition: The First Decade
11493:Library of Congress (1994).
10806:RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty
8806:10.1007/978-3-658-13762-5_19
7552:"Belarus profile – Timeline"
6912:. Anthem Press. p. 19.
6306:. Minsk: Navuka i tekhnika.
6097:""Gudija" ar "Baltarusija"?"
4889:2021 IIHF World Championship
4885:2014 IIHF World Championship
4865:2002 Salt Lake City Olympics
4537:Slavianski Bazaar in Vitebsk
4461:
3224:Foreign relations of Belarus
3151:, Lukashenko was opposed by
3057:
2681:
2427:continued his predecessor's
2383:Jewish population of Belarus
2016:Belarusian People's Republic
1946:Belarusian People's Republic
1484:. The etymology of the word
1436:during the interwar period.
1349:Albae Russiae, Poloczk dicto
1223:
1120:anti-Nazi insurgent movement
624:Formation of the Union State
7:
15693:Eurasian Economic Community
15653:2023 Free Trade in Services
14842:Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
13624:Central Election Commission
13388:Central Intelligence Agency
13236:(Trafford Publishing, 2007)
13050:. Oxford University Press.
12306:Belarusian Telegraph Agency
12150:Central Intelligence Agency
11551:. Library of Congress. 1995
11245:Central Intelligence Agency
10400:. Charter '97. 28 May 2014.
10171:Central Intelligence Agency
10014:"EU relations with Belarus"
9962:United Nations Organization
9064:BBC News, 10 September 2001
8113:Central Intelligence Agency
7958:. New York. 24 August 2020.
7697:BBC News, 10 September 2001
7647:Central Intelligence Agency
7290:10.1080/0966813032000141105
6774:Żeligowski, Lucjan (1943).
6432:A Concise History of Poland
6430:; Zawadzki, Hubert (2001).
6300:Ermalovich, Mikola (1991).
6181:. Wiley. pp. 203–204.
6178:A Dictionary of Archaeology
6054:Central Intelligence Agency
5958:. Oxford University Press.
5705:International Monetary Fund
5459:
5429:
5359:
5097:
5002:, who earned silver at the
4354:
3970:International Monetary Fund
3958:Union of Russia and Belarus
3919:
3874:Eurasian Economic Community
3858:Russian invasion of Ukraine
3396:Human rights and corruption
3338:
3309:Eurasian Economic Community
3184:2012 parliamentary election
3140:in Minsk in 2006 after the
3001:referendum on the extension
2476:dissolving the Soviet Union
2392:
2227:Byelorussia in World War II
1655:and Lithuania for decades.
1465:). In Russia, the usage of
1461:
1023:to the east and northeast,
585:Declaration of independence
151:
135:
10:
16705:
15920:Free Trade Zone agreements
15698:Eurasian Patent Convention
15607:United Armed Forces (1992)
15571:CIS national football team
14399:British Overseas Territory
14017:Countries and dependencies
13208:"Minsk (government)"
13139:
13133:
11464:"Belarus in Figures, 2016"
10654:Evans, Joe (28 May 2021).
10514:The US Department of State
10354:"Belarus: Country Profile"
9630:Radio Free Europe (2006).
9595:"Background Note: Belarus"
9505:Wolfram Nordsieck (2012).
8975:"Belarus 1994 (rev. 2004)"
8941:. Routledge. p. 274.
8430:Larissa Titarenko (2011).
6378:Sarmatian Review XVII
6233:Cambridge University Press
5031:
5025:
4828:
4743:
4511:
4507:
4465:
4358:
4166:
4129:
4088:
4071:below the replacement rate
4007:
3805:
3801:
3634:
3615:. On 2 December 2021, the
3399:
3342:
3331:program, part of the EU's
3221:
3200:2020 presidential election
3188:Communist Party of Belarus
3172:2010 presidential election
3149:2006 presidential election
3011:comprising the 110-member
2944:semi-presidential republic
2879:
2817:Chernobyl nuclear disaster
2799:Natural resources include
2685:
2615:In 2011, Belarus suffered
2588:when Russian energy giant
2443:from the explosion at the
2334:Belarusian Central Council
2325:Reichskommissariat Ostland
2224:
1805:
1799:
1705:
1634:Battle on the Nemiga River
1602:
1554:From 5000 to 2000 BC, the
1547:
1536:
1532:
1227:
1090:, which became a founding
1078:. In the aftermath of the
695:45.8/km (118.6/sq mi)
421:semi-presidential republic
29:
16540:
16451:
16412:
16219:
16195:
16052:
16016:
15918:
15885:
15857:
15819:
15761:
15683:Outside the CIS framework
15682:
15661:
15625:
15594:
15548:
15527:
15506:
15486:
15431:parties and "members" (9)
15426:
15357:
15346:
15320:
15082:History of Czechoslovakia
14882:First Republic of Armenia
14785:
14759:
14663:
14568:
14524:
14499:
14474:
14461:
14408:
14384:
14377:
14354:
14341:
14299:
14288:
14027:
13983:
13978:Links to related articles
13927:
13850:
13812:
13803:
13736:
13727:
13599:
13590:
13536:
13527:
13440:
12929:The Sydney Morning Herald
12352:"Languages across Europe"
11613:– via Google Books.
11545:"Belarus – Industry"
10378:Reporters Without Borders
9529:"Soviet Local Government"
9086:OSCE (20 December 2010).
8964:Chapter 4, Art. 90 and 91
8740:10.1007/s12290-008-0029-7
7922:. London. 17 August 2020.
7137:. Yale University Press.
7081:Europa World Year, Book 1
6144:Dziarnovič, Aleh (2013).
5925:Philip G. Roeder (2011).
5494:"Belarus in figures 2021"
5451:
5421:
5403:
5385:
5348:
4873:Kontinental Hockey League
4700:was born in Liozna (near
4636:Nobel Prize in Literature
4046:. Other large cities are
3784:
3776:
3757:
3749:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3710:
3707:абласны выканаўчы камітэт
3706:
3703:Областной Совет депутатов
3702:
3698:
3670:
3662:
3533:On 1 September 2020, the
3489:Reporters Without Borders
3481:Index of Economic Freedom
3192:Belarusian Agrarian Party
3111:People's Coalition 5 Plus
2361:and the works of authors
1866:
1846:Third Partition of Poland
1744:, created in 1569 by the
1455:
1449:
1377:
1372:
1169:of large sections of the
1112:Soviet invasion of Poland
960:
937:
925:
913:
903:
895:
877:
862:
832:
807:
788:
769:
755:
736:
717:
699:
689:
675:
668:
658:
644:
637:
633:
620:
607:
594:
581:
568:
555:
542:
529:
516:
512:
505:
490:
475:
465:
461:
446:
431:
427:
413:
401:
352:
309:
283:
262:
218:
176:
141:
125:
118:
84:
65:
50:
41:
27:Country in Eastern Europe
16558:SCO Interbank Consortium
14892:Armenian–Azerbaijani war
13656:State Security Committee
13604:Administrative divisions
13475:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
13321:Twentieth Century Russia
13297:Szporluk, Roman (2000).
13288:Snyder, Timothy (2004).
12587:; accessed 4 March 2016.
12341:; retrieved 9 July 2007.
12163:(Archived 2007 edition.)
12087:
11495:"Belarus – Exports"
11258:(Archived 2007 edition.)
10184:(Archived 2007 edition.)
8700:. Berlin. 4 March 2012.
8292:Belarus: A Country Study
8288:"Belarus – Climate"
8126:(Archived 2007 edition.)
7785:. Euronews. 5 March 2021
7660:(Archived 2016 edition.)
7582:Belarus: A Country Study
7483:Belarus: A Country Study
7403:Belarus: A Country Study
7335:Russia's Heroes, 1941–45
7055:Cornell University Press
6832:. Routledge. p. 5.
6590:
6487:22 December 2015 at the
6259:The Conversion of Europe
6067:(Archived 2007 edition.)
5149:
4781:
4734:Belarusian national flag
4715:
4704:) in 1887. He spent the
4687:Benois de la Dance Prize
4683:In Polesye Virgin Forest
4646:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
4529:Opera and Ballet Theater
3954:National Bank of Belarus
3897:World Trade Organization
3847:
3731:районный Совет депутатов
3631:Administrative divisions
3597:Belarus–Lithuania border
3518:protection and national
3479:, as "repressed" in the
3325:U.S. Helsinki Commission
3013:House of Representatives
2651:Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya
2621:2011 Minsk Metro bombing
2617:a severe economic crisis
2533:Belarusian Popular Front
2492:Belarusian Popular Front
2456:Belarusian Popular Front
2415:implemented a policy of
2285:invaded the Soviet Union
2064:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1989:Standing, left to right:
1738:marriage of their rulers
1718:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1649:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1258:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1068:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
500:House of Representatives
32:Belarus (disambiguation)
15813:Eurasian Economic Union
15718:Eurasian Economic Union
15566:CIS national bandy team
15186:Estonia in World War II
15146:Estophile Enlightenment
15002:Second Bulgarian Empire
14555:British-Irish Agreement
13781:International sanctions
13465:Principality of Polotsk
13366:15 January 2018 at the
13218:Encyclopædia Britannica
13107:Zaprudnik, Jan (1993).
13071:. Intercultural Press.
13065:Richmond, Yale (1995).
13044:Plokhy, Serhii (2001).
13004:Minahan, James (1998).
12682:"Ballets for Christmas"
12556:"Old Belarusian Poetry"
12531:"Belarusian Literature"
11858:14 January 2014 at the
10927:Constitution of Belarus
10895:Constitution of Belarus
10581:"Das verprügelte Minsk"
9010:Constitution of Belarus
8962:Constitution of Belarus
8576:. BBC. 9 January 2007.
7956:The Wall Street Journal
7452:Wilson, Andrew (2011).
7166:. Basic Books. p. 160.
7030:Lubachko, Ivan (1972).
6881:Oxford University Press
6826:Marples, David (1999).
6749:. In Gerald Onn (ed.).
6674:Timothy Snyder (2002).
6647:Ioffe, Grigory (2008).
6576:Russian policy ...
6227:Plokhy, Serhii (2006).
5991:Ioffe, Grigory (2008).
5607:Constitution of Belarus
4991:fighter and the former
4863:finished fourth at the
4831:Belarus at the Olympics
4692:Eurovision Song Contest
4681:, creator of the opera
4010:Demographics of Belarus
3886:Global Innovation Index
3882:purchasing power parity
3838:lowest Gini-coefficient
3834:Human Development Index
3785:территориальные единицы
3699:абласны Савет Дэпутатаў
3601:Krystsina Tsimanouskaya
3402:Human rights in Belarus
3353:Soldiers patrol in the
3345:Armed Forces of Belarus
3305:Eurasian Economic Union
3121:, won any seats in the
3017:Council of the Republic
2937:Government House, Minsk
2876:Government and politics
2437:rapid industrialisation
2306:until 1944. The German
2256:occupied Soviet Belarus
1970:Sitting, left to right:
1942:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
1860:were included into the
1505:Sudwa, Sudovia. Sudovia
1495:
1472:In Lithuanian, besides
1293:Cross of St. Euphrosyne
1064:Principality of Polotsk
973:
963:
728:$ 221.186 billion (
485:Council of the Republic
263:Official languages
15427:Additionally the 1993
14987:First Bulgarian Empire
14391:(Sovereign Base Areas)
14072:Bosnia and Herzegovina
13860:Awards and decorations
13247:Ryder, Andrew (1998).
13239:Rudling, Pers Anders.
13172:: 4 pp. 678–698.
12814:Атлас мировой живописи
11694:"Accessions – Belarus"
10585:Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung
10436:. 2012. Archived from
9216:. AP. 1 September 2020
9135:. Government of Canada
9104:Sofie Bedford (2017).
8937:Jeffries, Ian (2004).
7479:"Belarus- Perestroika"
7363:Andrew Wilson (2011).
7332:Axell, Albert (2002).
7131:Andrew Wilson (2011).
7047:Abdelal, Rawi (2001).
6505:. Brill. p. 187.
5162:A number of countries
4914:
4883:in North America. The
4881:National Hockey League
4849:national football team
4756:
4656:and created the opera
4624:Uladzimir Karatkievich
4615:
4532:
4481:
4381:
3987:copyright infringement
3937:
3825:
3817:
3777:тэрытарыяльныя адзінкі
3762:urban-type settlements
3727:раённы Савет Дэпутатаў
3650:
3530:
3461:
3358:
3284:
3244:
3153:Alaksandar Milinkievič
3144:
3098:
3091:former flag of Belarus
3030:
2939:
2761:
2722:Sarmatic mixed forests
2668:state-owned enterprise
2639:
2558:
2479:
2402:
2385:was devastated during
2308:
2259:
2244:
2215:Bereza Kartuska prison
2183:was no exception. The
2177:Second Polish Republic
2130:
2083:
2075:
2011:
1913:literacy was allowed.
1862:Belarusian Governorate
1841:
1830:his invasion of Russia
1725:
1617:
1587:, among whom were the
1572:Dnieper–Donets culture
1525:
1486:
1480:
1474:
1469:is still very common.
1348:
1315:
1309:
1300:
1108:Second Polish Republic
780:$ 68.864 billion (
15633:Common Economic Space
14927:Stalinist repressions
14418:Bailiwick of Guernsey
14389:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
13470:Principality of Turov
13271:The A to Z of Belarus
12989:. Praeger/Greenwood.
12892:20 March 2007 at the
12419:Bekus, Nelly (2010).
11149:census.belstat.gov.by
11097:world_of_law.pravo.by
10304:Amnesty International
8856:"Republic of Belarus"
8286:Fedor, Helen (1995).
8246:Bell, Imogen (2002).
8206:10.1093/biosci/bix014
7576:Fedor, Helen (1995).
7477:Fedor, Helen (1995).
7397:Fedor, Helen (1995).
6875:Sorge, Arndt (2005).
6718:The A to Z of Belarus
5084:Belovezhskaya Pushcha
5034:Censorship in Belarus
5004:2008 Beijing Olympics
4940:singles title at the
4901:
4751:
4610:
4557:By the 16th century,
4526:
4475:
4368:
3995:intellectual property
3948:and it has undergone
3927:
3823:
3815:
3793:administrative center
3648:
3635:Further information:
3609:Belarus–Poland border
3528:
3465:Amnesty International
3452:
3400:Further information:
3352:
3290:Belarus Democracy Act
3283:, 11–12 February 2015
3278:
3231:
3190:won 3 seats, and the
3135:
3093:, used in 1918, then
3088:
3025:
2968:judicial independence
2935:
2764:The highest point is
2753:
2634:
2563:national constitution
2556:
2531:In January 1992, the
2510:Stanislav Shushkevich
2469:
2400:
2270:. The territories of
2250:
2238:
2175:remained part of the
2109:
2025:Imperial Russian Army
1967:
1899:Orthodox Christianity
1823:
1806:Further information:
1715:
1706:Further information:
1612:
1603:Further information:
1548:Further information:
1290:
1104:half of its territory
982:. FAO. Archived from
971:Section 1, Article 17
660:• Water (%)
16649:Landlocked countries
16563:Eurasian Land Bridge
16404:United Arab Emirates
14897:Turkish–Armenian War
13915:World Heritage Sites
12817:. ОЛМА Медиа Групп.
12583:"Belarus: history",
12535:yivoencyclopedia.org
12330:Minsk Jewish Campus
12288:"Belarus – Religion"
11877:7 March 2016 at the
11441:. World Bank, 1997;
10135:Moscow Defense Brief
9881:. BBC. 13 March 1998
9808:. London. 7 May 2008
9451:. 22 December 2010.
9162:. pp. 282–302.
8526:. 27 November 2012.
8074:on 21 September 2013
7940:. 24 September 2020.
7905:. 24 September 2020.
7855:. 10 September 2020.
7222:Jamestown Foundation
6341:Aleksander Gieysztor
6339:Lerski, George Jan;
5888:Bely, Alies (2000).
5626:. 23 September 2020.
5394:[bʲɪlɐˈrusʲ]
5369:[bʲɛlaˈrusʲ]
5072:World Heritage Sites
5062:World Heritage Sites
5016:2012 London Olympics
4946:2012 Summer Olympics
4926:2014 Winter Olympics
4909:player and a former
4861:national hockey team
4837:1994 Winter Olympics
4611:Poet and librettist
4502:Alexander Lukashenko
4468:Languages of Belarus
4374:baroque architecture
3830:a developing country
3641:Districts of Belarus
3588:Ursula von der Leyen
3319:since 1998, and the
3317:Non-Aligned Movement
3315:, the international
3234:Alexander Lukashenko
3052:Constitutional Court
3009:bicameral parliament
2960:Alexander Lukashenko
2948:separation of powers
2898:Alexander Lukashenko
2790:continental climates
2688:Geography of Belarus
2636:Alexander Lukashenko
2575:Alexander Lukashenko
2567:President of Belarus
2297:Operation Barbarossa
2048:the staged rebellion
2021:Imperial German Army
1931:Konstanty Kalinowski
1920:drive in the 1840s,
1848:by Imperial Russia,
1414:Bolshevik Revolution
1338:; the chronicles of
1230:Etymology of Belarus
1206:Non-Aligned Movement
1159:freedom of the press
1153:government. Belarus
1143:Alexander Lukashenko
1092:constituent republic
1019:. It is bordered by
677:• 2024 estimate
611:Current constitution
441:Alexander Lukashenko
423:under a dictatorship
16644:Countries in Europe
16611: /
15887:Prospective members
15176:Soviet deportations
14917:Bronze and Iron Age
14887:Armeno-Georgian War
14802:Prehistoric Armenia
14511:unincorporated area
14440:Bailiwick of Jersey
14302:States with limited
13519:Republic of Belarus
13342:(Harvard UP, 1956).
13274:. Scarecrow Press.
13029:. Greenwood Press.
12867:on 9 September 2011
12774:on 24 February 2008
12692:on 25 February 2005
12511:on 10 February 2006
12460:. 26 September 2022
12006:on 23 February 2007
11637:10.34667/tind.46596
11578:on 10 December 2007
11570:World Bank (2006).
11474:on 21 February 2021
11382:European Commission
11011:. Council of Europe
10902:on 17 December 2007
10726:on 28 December 2021
10202:on 30 November 2007
10097:on 17 December 2007
9994:on 21 November 2020
9968:on 16 December 2007
9693:on 17 February 2008
9535:on 21 February 2009
9486:on 7 September 2013
9401:The Daily Telegraph
9017:on 17 December 2007
8763:Europe-Asia Studies
8453:Larissa Titarenko.
8296:Library of Congress
7873:. 9 September 2020.
7586:Library of Congress
7540:. 24 February 2006.
7487:Library of Congress
7407:Library of Congress
7278:Europe-Asia Studies
7196:Exeler, Franziska.
7086:Europa publications
6605:D. Marples (1996).
6458:A History of Russia
6351:. pp. 181–82.
6107:on 30 November 2020
5452:Республика Беларусь
5430:Respublika Byelarus
5422:Рэспубліка Беларусь
5092:Struve Geodetic Arc
5048:Tata Communications
4869:World Championships
4755:, the national dish
4738:disputed referendum
4650:Stanisław Moniuszko
4632:Svetlana Alexievich
4519:Arts and literature
4361:Religion in Belarus
3905:most favored nation
3789:presidential decree
3485:Press Freedom Index
3367:Soviet Armed Forces
3361:Lieutenant General
3329:Eastern Partnership
3236:shaking hands with
3019:(the upper house).
2882:Politics of Belarus
2840:was reported to be
2766:Dzyarzhynskaya Hara
2670:industrial sector.
2626:UN Security Council
2557:1997 map of Belarus
2341:guerrilla movements
2239:German soldiers in
2211:Belarusian language
2181:Belarusian minority
2141:(LSSR) to form the
2096:a disputed election
2050:of soldiers of the
1954:government in exile
1808:Kościuszko Uprising
1456:Республика Беларусь
1450:Рэспубліка Беларусь
1445:Republic of Belarus
1346:and his mother at "
1336:medieval literature
1098:in 1922. After the
1051:is the capital and
1009:Republic of Belarus
598:Republic of Belarus
243: /
66:Республика Беларусь
51:Рэспубліка Беларусь
43:Republic of Belarus
15643:1994 FTA Agreement
15586:CIS Cup (football)
15151:National awakening
15061:Kingdom of Bohemia
14982:Old Great Bulgaria
14957:Soviet repressions
14410:Crown Dependencies
13766:Telecommunications
13561:Biosphere Reserves
13507:Western Belorussia
13383:The World Factbook
13349:(Harvard UP, 1956)
13324:. Westview Press.
13148:Bennett, Brian M.
13113:. Westview Press.
12931:. 29 January 2012.
12907:"Darya Domracheva"
12841:. Belarusguide.com
12811:Геташвили (2006).
12717:. Belarusguide.com
12337:24 August 2013 at
12290:. Country Studios.
12181:on 8 February 2017
12145:The World Factbook
12067:on 17 October 2007
12041:on 17 October 2021
12035:www.belstat.gov.by
11468:www.belstat.gov.by
11240:The World Factbook
11176:"Country Insights"
10934:on 5 November 2007
10717:The New York Times
10607:. 9 September 2020
10561:. 1 September 2020
10418:(in Polish). 2014.
10334:on 15 January 2005
10277:on 20 October 2013
10196:"Belarus and NATO"
10166:The World Factbook
9934:on 5 December 2007
9907:on 20 January 2008
9782:on 16 October 2007
9664:. 19 November 2002
9346:on 11 January 2012
9289:. 10 August 2020.
8861:Human Rights Watch
8160:. United Nations.
8108:The World Factbook
7715:The New York Times
7642:The World Factbook
7607:"History, Belarus"
7316:– via JSTOR.
6704:. 26 January 2016.
6637:, pp. 105–106
6564:Pravoslavie portal
6235:. pp. 94–95.
6049:The World Factbook
5780:. timeanddate.com.
5546:CIA World Factbook
5521:on 16 October 2022
5460:Respublika Belarus
5139:Outline of Belarus
5076:Mir Castle Complex
5022:Telecommunications
5012:Melitina Staniouta
5008:Liubov Charkashyna
4979:, who was born in
4915:
4855:has played in the
4760:Belarusian cuisine
4757:
4630:. He was named by
4616:
4582:, Kazimir Svayak,
4533:
4514:Culture of Belarus
4482:
4456:freedom of worship
4382:
4075:net migration rate
3938:
3928:Belarusian annual
3826:
3818:
3808:Economy of Belarus
3651:
3637:Regions of Belarus
3619:, European Union,
3531:
3501:capital punishment
3469:Human Rights Watch
3462:
3359:
3295:Relations between
3285:
3245:
3157:Alyaksandr Kazulin
3145:
3119:United Civic Party
3099:
3039:vote of confidence
3031:
2940:
2859:to the northwest,
2762:
2692:Climate of Belarus
2640:
2559:
2502:Wide-scale strikes
2480:
2478:, 8 December 1991.
2421:Western influences
2403:
2272:Western Belorussia
2264:invasion of Poland
2260:
2245:
2203:Ukrainian minority
2189:National Democracy
2131:
2012:
1973:Aliaksandar Burbis
1842:
1726:
1688:Ivan III of Russia
1673:Battle of Grunwald
1618:
1564:Zarubintsy culture
1539:History of Belarus
1462:Respublika Belarus
1416:in 1917, the term
1301:
1175:capital punishment
1080:Russian Revolution
1013:landlocked country
986:on 26 January 2012
765:2023 estimate
713:2023 estimate
311:Ethnic groups
195:Show map of Europe
16594:
16593:
16588:
16587:
16568:Working languages
16220:Dialogue partners
15976:
15975:
15779:
15778:
15544:
15543:
15280:
15279:
15091:German occupation
14962:German occupation
14922:Early Middle Ages
14877:Caucasus campaign
14872:Armenian genocide
14623:
14622:
14564:
14563:
14486:autonomous region
14457:
14456:
14453:
14452:
13970:
13969:
13923:
13922:
13799:
13798:
13723:
13722:
13693:Political parties
13631:Foreign relations
13586:
13585:
13281:978-1-4617-3174-0
13232:Parker, Stewart.
13225:Marples, David. '
13197:978-0-7614-3411-5
13159:(Routledge, 2015)
12824:978-5-373-00553-1
12800:on 26 March 2016.
12608:on 25 March 2016.
12432:978-963-9776-68-5
12248:978-0-7425-5558-7
12148:(2024 ed.).
12113:on 1 October 2007
11746:on 25 March 2009.
11610:978-0-262-02505-8
11398:(Press release).
11380:(Press release).
11318:978-1-83867-696-4
11243:(2024 ed.).
11174:Nations, United.
11031:"State Structure"
10865:. 2 December 2021
10780:Notes From Poland
10470:. 4 February 2022
10228:on 16 August 2014
10169:(2024 ed.).
10018:Council of the EU
9561:. 19 August 2020.
9258:978-0-19-025865-8
9177:978-0-19-025865-8
8815:978-3-658-13761-8
8611:978-1-139-49148-8
8545:Tharoor, Ishaan.
8495:978-1-139-49148-8
8111:(2024 ed.).
8068:Land of Ancestors
7771:. 11 August 2020.
7753:. 19 August 2020.
7558:. 20 August 2018.
7463:978-0-300-25921-6
7376:978-0-300-13435-3
7144:978-0-300-13435-3
7095:978-1-85743-254-1
7064:978-0-8014-3879-0
7007:978-83-89190-87-1
6919:978-1-84331-385-4
6890:978-0-19-153534-5
6854:"Belarus history"
6812:978-1-5381-1706-4
6777:Zapomniane prawdy
6728:978-1-4617-3174-0
6687:978-0-300-12841-3
6660:978-0-7425-5558-7
6618:978-0-230-37831-5
6468:978-0-19-512179-7
6441:978-0-521-55917-1
6313:978-5-343-00876-0
6269:978-0-00-750296-7
6188:978-0-470-75196-1
6052:(2024 ed.).
6004:978-0-7425-5558-7
5965:978-0-19-983799-1
5938:978-0-691-13467-3
5707:. 10 October 2023
5609:, 106, 97.5 97.7.
5585:978-1-5381-3540-2
5515:ggpsurvey.ined.fr
5457:
5427:
5357:
5066:Belarus has four
4969:Maryna Arzamasava
4934:Victoria Azarenka
4903:Victoria Azarenka
4827:
4826:
4679:Anatoly Bogatyrev
4402:Greek Catholicism
4398:Roman Catholicism
4392:, though a small
4386:Eastern Orthodoxy
4351:
4350:
3878:Union with Russia
3603:and her husband,
3576:human trafficking
3563:Roman Protasevich
3447:
3446:
3355:Białowieża Forest
3297:China and Belarus
3238:Russian President
3218:Foreign relations
2983:, and democracy.
2972:Council of Europe
2956:National Assembly
2925:
2918:Roman Golovchenko
2905:
2794:maritime climates
2704:, and longitudes
2659:Further sanctions
2579:Vyacheslav Kebich
2522:Białowieża Forest
2486:for seats in the
2472:Belavezha Accords
2429:cultural hegemony
2425:Nikita Khrushchev
2304:German occupation
2207:Orthodox churches
2060:Lucjan Żeligowski
1996:Pyotra Krecheuski
1950:Polish–Soviet War
1858:Catherine II
1832:and crossing the
1828:retreating after
1812:November Uprising
1732:were joined in a
1730:Kingdom of Poland
1722:Kingdom of Poland
1630:Yaroslav the Wise
1492:Old Prussian name
1256:lands within the
1100:Polish-Soviet War
1031:to the west, and
1007:, officially the
1002:
1001:
790:• Per capita
738:• Per capita
603:19 September 1991
470:National Assembly
456:Roman Golovchenko
373:Eastern Orthodoxy
247:53.917°N 27.550°E
169:
16:(Redirected from
16696:
16626:
16625:
16623:
16622:
16621:
16616:
16612:
16609:
16608:
16607:
16604:
16530:
16528:
16527:
16517:
16515:
16514:
16504:
16502:
16501:
16491:
16489:
16488:
16478:
16476:
16475:
16465:
16463:
16462:
16436:
16434:
16433:
16402:
16400:
16399:
16389:
16387:
16386:
16376:
16374:
16373:
16363:
16361:
16360:
16350:
16348:
16347:
16337:
16335:
16334:
16324:
16322:
16321:
16311:
16309:
16308:
16298:
16296:
16295:
16285:
16283:
16282:
16272:
16270:
16269:
16259:
16257:
16256:
16246:
16244:
16243:
16233:
16231:
16230:
16209:
16207:
16206:
16185:
16183:
16182:
16172:
16170:
16169:
16159:
16157:
16156:
16146:
16144:
16143:
16133:
16131:
16130:
16120:
16118:
16117:
16107:
16105:
16104:
16094:
16092:
16091:
16081:
16079:
16078:
16068:
16066:
16065:
16003:
15996:
15989:
15980:
15979:
15859:Observer members
15806:
15799:
15792:
15783:
15782:
15769:
15768:
15743:New Union Treaty
15708:EU Technical Aid
15355:
15354:
15307:
15300:
15293:
15284:
15283:
15126:Livonian Crusade
15057:High Middle Ages
15052:Duchy of Bohemia
14992:Christianization
14977:Odrysian kingdom
14837:Mongol invasions
14832:Medieval Armenia
14827:Sasanian Armenia
14812:Artaxiad dynasty
14664:Sovereign states
14650:
14643:
14636:
14627:
14626:
14611:
14599:
14598:
14585:Governed by the
14547:Northern Ireland
14490:Åland convention
14472:
14471:
14382:
14381:
14352:
14351:
14294:
14029:Sovereign states
14010:
14003:
13996:
13987:
13986:
13974:
13973:
13950:
13943:
13936:
13905:National symbols
13865:Belarusian names
13810:
13809:
13761:
13734:
13733:
13597:
13596:
13534:
13533:
13423:
13416:
13409:
13400:
13399:
13335:
13314:
13285:
13264:
13222:
13210:
13201:
13155:Frear, Matthew.
13124:
13103:
13082:
13061:
13040:
13021:
13000:
12971:
12970:
12968:
12966:
12951:
12945:
12939:
12933:
12932:
12921:
12915:
12914:
12903:
12897:
12883:
12877:
12876:
12874:
12872:
12857:
12851:
12850:
12848:
12846:
12835:
12829:
12828:
12808:
12802:
12801:
12796:. Archived from
12790:
12784:
12783:
12781:
12779:
12770:. Archived from
12763:
12757:
12756:
12754:
12752:
12743:. Archived from
12733:
12727:
12726:
12724:
12722:
12711:
12702:
12701:
12699:
12697:
12688:. Archived from
12677:
12671:
12670:
12659:
12653:
12652:
12616:
12610:
12609:
12604:. Archived from
12594:
12588:
12581:
12572:
12571:
12569:
12567:
12552:
12546:
12545:
12543:
12541:
12527:
12521:
12520:
12518:
12516:
12501:
12495:
12494:
12492:
12490:
12476:
12470:
12469:
12467:
12465:
12450:
12444:
12443:
12441:
12439:
12416:
12410:
12403:
12397:
12396:
12394:
12392:
12387:on 3 August 2017
12383:. Archived from
12373:
12364:
12363:
12361:
12359:
12348:
12342:
12328:
12322:
12321:
12319:
12317:
12312:on 26 March 2012
12298:
12292:
12291:
12284:
12278:
12277:
12275:
12273:
12259:
12253:
12252:
12232:
12226:
12225:
12223:
12221:
12215:
12208:
12200:
12191:
12190:
12188:
12186:
12171:
12165:
12160:
12158:
12156:
12136:
12123:
12122:
12120:
12118:
12103:
12097:
12096:
12083:
12077:
12076:
12074:
12072:
12057:
12051:
12050:
12048:
12046:
12037:. Archived from
12027:
12016:
12015:
12013:
12011:
12002:. Archived from
11996:
11990:
11989:
11977:
11971:
11970:
11959:
11953:
11952:
11945:
11939:
11938:
11936:
11934:
11929:on 25 March 2016
11925:. Archived from
11919:
11913:
11912:
11910:
11908:
11902:Currency-iso.org
11899:
11891:
11882:
11869:
11863:
11850:
11844:
11843:
11841:
11839:
11824:
11818:
11817:
11815:
11813:
11802:
11796:
11795:
11793:
11791:
11780:
11774:
11773:
11771:
11769:
11754:
11748:
11747:
11745:
11739:. Archived from
11738:
11730:
11724:
11723:
11720:The Moscow Times
11712:
11706:
11705:
11703:
11701:
11690:
11684:
11683:
11681:
11679:
11664:
11658:
11657:
11655:
11653:
11621:
11615:
11614:
11594:
11588:
11587:
11585:
11583:
11574:. Archived from
11567:
11561:
11560:
11558:
11556:
11541:
11535:
11534:
11532:
11530:
11516:
11510:
11509:
11507:
11505:
11490:
11484:
11483:
11481:
11479:
11470:. Archived from
11460:
11449:
11432:
11426:
11425:
11418:European Council
11410:
11404:
11403:
11402:. 3 August 2023.
11392:
11386:
11385:
11374:
11368:
11367:
11365:
11363:
11357:
11346:
11337:
11331:
11330:
11296:
11290:
11289:
11287:
11285:
11266:
11260:
11255:
11253:
11251:
11231:
11220:
11219:
11217:
11215:
11203:O'Neill, Aaron.
11200:
11194:
11193:
11186:
11180:
11179:
11171:
11165:
11164:
11162:
11160:
11141:
11135:
11134:
11132:
11130:
11115:
11109:
11108:
11106:
11104:
11089:
11083:
11082:
11080:
11078:
11072:
11061:
11053:
11047:
11046:
11044:
11042:
11035:president.gov.by
11027:
11021:
11020:
11018:
11016:
11001:
10992:
10991:
10989:
10987:
10976:
10970:
10969:
10967:
10965:
10950:
10944:
10943:
10941:
10939:
10918:
10912:
10911:
10909:
10907:
10886:
10875:
10874:
10872:
10870:
10862:Voice of America
10853:
10847:
10846:
10844:
10842:
10825:
10819:
10818:
10816:
10814:
10797:
10791:
10790:
10788:
10786:
10771:
10765:
10764:
10762:
10760:
10742:
10736:
10735:
10733:
10731:
10725:
10720:. Archived from
10707:
10701:
10700:
10698:
10696:
10689:Atlantic Council
10679:
10673:
10672:
10670:
10668:
10651:
10645:
10644:
10642:
10640:
10623:
10617:
10616:
10614:
10612:
10595:
10589:
10588:
10577:
10571:
10570:
10568:
10566:
10549:
10543:
10542:
10531:
10525:
10524:
10522:
10520:
10506:
10500:
10499:
10486:
10480:
10479:
10477:
10475:
10464:"Rainbow Europe"
10460:
10454:
10448:
10442:
10441:
10440:on 26 July 2014.
10426:
10420:
10419:
10408:
10402:
10401:
10394:
10388:
10387:
10386:
10384:
10368:
10362:
10361:
10360:. 20 April 2023.
10350:
10344:
10343:
10341:
10339:
10324:
10315:
10314:
10312:
10310:
10296:
10287:
10286:
10284:
10282:
10273:. Archived from
10266:
10260:
10259:
10257:
10255:
10244:
10238:
10237:
10235:
10233:
10218:
10212:
10211:
10209:
10207:
10192:
10186:
10181:
10179:
10177:
10157:
10151:
10150:
10148:
10146:
10137:. Archived from
10126:
10120:
10113:
10107:
10106:
10104:
10102:
10087:
10081:
10080:
10078:
10076:
10061:
10055:
10054:
10052:
10050:
10035:
10029:
10028:
10026:
10024:
10010:
10004:
10003:
10001:
9999:
9984:
9978:
9977:
9975:
9973:
9950:
9944:
9943:
9941:
9939:
9930:. Archived from
9923:
9917:
9916:
9914:
9912:
9897:
9891:
9890:
9888:
9886:
9871:
9865:
9864:
9824:
9818:
9817:
9815:
9813:
9798:
9792:
9791:
9789:
9787:
9768:
9762:
9761:
9750:
9744:
9743:
9735:
9729:
9728:
9726:
9724:
9709:
9703:
9702:
9700:
9698:
9687:"Foreign Policy"
9683:
9674:
9673:
9671:
9669:
9654:
9648:
9647:
9645:
9643:
9627:
9621:
9620:
9613:
9607:
9606:
9604:
9602:
9590:
9581:
9580:
9569:
9563:
9562:
9551:
9545:
9544:
9542:
9540:
9525:
9519:
9518:
9516:
9514:
9502:
9496:
9495:
9493:
9491:
9482:. Archived from
9471:
9465:
9464:
9462:
9460:
9439:
9433:
9423:
9417:
9416:
9414:
9412:
9392:
9386:
9385:
9383:
9381:
9372:. 2 March 2006.
9362:
9356:
9355:
9353:
9351:
9345:
9338:
9330:
9324:
9323:
9321:
9319:
9313:
9305:
9299:
9298:
9279:
9273:
9272:
9267:
9265:
9232:
9226:
9225:
9223:
9221:
9210:
9204:
9198:
9192:
9191:
9186:
9184:
9151:
9145:
9144:
9142:
9140:
9128:
9122:
9121:
9101:
9095:
9094:
9092:
9083:
9077:
9071:
9065:
9059:
9053:
9052:
9050:
9048:
9033:
9027:
9026:
9024:
9022:
9001:
8990:
8989:
8987:
8985:
8971:
8965:
8959:
8953:
8952:
8934:
8928:
8927:
8925:
8923:
8904:
8898:
8897:
8895:
8893:
8879:
8873:
8872:
8870:
8868:
8852:
8846:
8845:
8843:
8841:
8836:on 26 April 2006
8826:
8820:
8819:
8793:
8787:
8786:
8758:
8752:
8751:
8723:
8717:
8716:
8711:
8709:
8688:
8682:
8681:
8679:
8677:
8661:
8655:
8654:
8652:
8650:
8630:
8625:
8623:
8596:Levitsky, Steven
8592:
8587:
8585:
8566:
8564:
8562:
8542:
8537:
8535:
8516:
8510:
8509:
8504:
8502:
8480:Levitsky, Steven
8476:
8470:
8469:
8467:
8465:
8450:
8444:
8443:
8441:
8439:
8427:
8421:
8420:
8409:
8403:
8402:
8393:
8387:
8386:
8384:
8382:
8373:Smith, Marilyn.
8370:
8364:
8363:
8361:
8359:
8344:
8338:
8337:
8335:
8333:
8313:
8307:
8306:
8304:
8302:
8283:
8274:
8268:
8262:
8261:
8243:
8237:
8236:
8226:
8208:
8183:
8177:
8176:
8174:
8172:
8166:
8159:
8151:
8145:
8144:
8137:
8128:
8123:
8121:
8119:
8099:
8084:
8083:
8081:
8079:
8060:
8054:
8053:
8051:
8042:
8033:
8032:
8030:
8028:
8011:
8005:
8004:
8002:
8000:
7985:
7979:
7978:
7966:
7960:
7959:
7948:
7942:
7941:
7930:
7924:
7923:
7912:
7906:
7895:
7889:
7888:
7881:
7875:
7874:
7871:Associated Press
7863:
7857:
7856:
7845:
7839:
7838:
7836:
7834:
7823:
7817:
7816:
7814:
7812:
7807:. Deutsche Welle
7801:
7795:
7794:
7792:
7790:
7779:
7773:
7772:
7769:Associated Press
7761:
7755:
7754:
7743:
7737:
7736:
7725:
7719:
7718:
7712:
7704:
7698:
7692:
7686:
7685:
7668:
7662:
7657:
7655:
7653:
7633:
7627:
7626:
7624:
7622:
7613:. Archived from
7603:
7597:
7596:
7594:
7592:
7573:
7560:
7559:
7548:
7542:
7541:
7530:
7524:
7523:
7521:
7519:
7514:. 11 August 2020
7504:
7498:
7497:
7495:
7493:
7474:
7468:
7467:
7449:
7443:
7442:
7440:
7438:
7424:
7418:
7417:
7415:
7413:
7394:
7381:
7380:
7360:
7354:
7353:
7329:
7318:
7317:
7269:
7260:
7259:
7257:
7255:
7240:
7234:
7233:
7231:
7229:
7212:
7206:
7205:
7193:
7187:
7180:
7174:
7155:
7149:
7148:
7128:
7122:
7106:
7100:
7099:
7075:
7069:
7068:
7044:
7038:
7037:
7027:
7021:
7018:
7012:
7011:
6987:
6981:
6980:
6979:on 23 June 2008.
6975:. Archived from
6969:
6956:
6952:God's Playground
6944:
6931:
6930:
6928:
6926:
6901:
6895:
6894:
6872:
6866:
6865:
6863:
6861:
6850:
6844:
6843:
6823:
6817:
6816:
6798:
6792:
6791:
6789:
6782:
6771:
6765:
6764:
6743:Rauch, Georg von
6739:
6733:
6732:
6712:
6706:
6705:
6698:
6692:
6691:
6671:
6665:
6664:
6644:
6638:
6632:
6623:
6622:
6602:
6596:
6595:
6585:
6579:
6572:
6566:
6554:
6550:
6544:
6538:
6529:
6523:
6517:
6516:
6498:
6492:
6479:
6473:
6472:
6452:
6446:
6445:
6424:
6418:
6417:
6399:
6393:
6392:
6390:
6388:
6369:
6363:
6362:
6336:
6330:
6324:
6318:
6317:
6297:
6291:
6290:
6280:
6274:
6273:
6253:
6247:
6246:
6224:
6218:
6211:
6205:
6199:
6193:
6192:
6172:
6166:
6165:
6163:
6161:
6141:
6135:
6134:
6133:. 16 April 2010.
6123:
6117:
6116:
6114:
6112:
6093:
6087:
6086:
6075:
6069:
6064:
6062:
6060:
6040:
6031:
6030:
6028:
6026:
6015:
6009:
6008:
5988:
5982:
5976:
5970:
5969:
5949:
5943:
5942:
5922:
5916:
5910:
5904:
5903:
5885:
5879:
5873:
5867:
5866:
5864:
5862:
5847:
5841:
5838:
5832:
5826:
5815:
5809:
5803:
5802:
5800:
5798:
5788:
5782:
5781:
5774:
5768:
5767:
5765:
5763:
5753:
5745:
5739:
5738:
5736:
5734:
5723:
5717:
5716:
5714:
5712:
5693:
5680:
5679:
5673:
5665:
5659:
5658:
5651:
5645:
5644:
5634:
5628:
5627:
5616:
5610:
5604:
5598:
5597:
5567:
5558:
5557:
5555:
5553:
5537:
5531:
5530:
5528:
5526:
5517:. Archived from
5507:
5501:
5500:
5498:
5490:
5473:
5471:
5466:
5462:
5456:romanized:
5455:
5453:
5449:
5448:
5447:
5441:
5436:
5432:
5426:romanized:
5425:
5423:
5418:
5412:
5409:often proscribed
5406:
5405:
5396:
5391:
5387:
5379:
5378:
5377:
5371:
5366:
5362:
5352:
5350:
5339:
5334:
5333:
5330:
5329:
5326:
5323:
5318:
5317:
5314:
5311:
5308:
5305:
5302:
5299:
5296:
5289:
5279:
5275:
5270:
5269:
5266:
5265:
5262:
5259:
5256:
5253:
5250:
5247:
5244:
5241:
5234:
5224:
5220:
5215:
5214:
5211:
5210:
5207:
5204:
5201:
5198:
5195:
5192:
5189:
5186:
5177:
5171:
5164:do not recognize
5160:
5128:
5123:
5122:
5121:
5114:
5109:
5108:
5107:
4985:Byelorussian SSR
4918:Darya Domracheva
4857:Champions League
4822:
4819:
4813:
4810:add more content
4794:
4793:
4786:
4675:Second World War
4642:Music in Belarus
4563:Francysk Skaryna
4541:Independence Day
4181:
4171:
4144:
4134:
4098:
4086:
4085:
3978:Belarusian ruble
3942:Belarusian ruble
3786:
3778:
3759:
3751:
3742:Local government
3737:Local government
3732:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3672:
3664:
3442:
3439:
3433:
3430:add more content
3414:
3413:
3406:
3307:(previously the
3109:(RPTS), nor the
2950:, governed by a
2921:
2914:
2901:
2894:
2846:public ownership
2780:) in southwest (
2598:Druzhba pipeline
2345:Soviet partisans
2313:
2162:collectivization
2000:Kastuś Jezavitaŭ
1869:
1868:
1816:January Uprising
1669:Teutonic Knights
1528:
1498:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1452:
1451:
1380:
1379:
1374:
1351:
1318:
1312:
1088:Byelorussian SSR
995:
993:
991:
977:
967:
886:
867:Belarusian ruble
853:
852:
846:
845:
839:
828:
827:
821:
820:
814:
798:
797:
779:
778:
762:
746:
745:
727:
726:
710:
258:
257:
255:
254:
253:
248:
244:
241:
240:
239:
236:
221:and largest city
196:
193:
186:
183:
171:
170:
154:
148:
144:
143:
138:
132:
128:
127:
106:
92:
76:
68:
67:
61:
53:
52:
39:
38:
21:
16704:
16703:
16699:
16698:
16697:
16695:
16694:
16693:
16629:
16628:
16619:
16617:
16613:
16610:
16605:
16602:
16600:
16598:
16597:
16595:
16590:
16589:
16584:
16536:
16525:
16523:
16512:
16510:
16499:
16497:
16486:
16484:
16473:
16471:
16460:
16458:
16447:
16431:
16429:
16408:
16397:
16395:
16384:
16382:
16371:
16369:
16358:
16356:
16345:
16343:
16332:
16330:
16319:
16317:
16306:
16304:
16293:
16291:
16280:
16278:
16267:
16265:
16254:
16252:
16241:
16239:
16228:
16226:
16215:
16204:
16202:
16196:Observer states
16191:
16180:
16178:
16167:
16165:
16154:
16152:
16141:
16139:
16128:
16126:
16115:
16113:
16102:
16100:
16089:
16087:
16076:
16074:
16063:
16061:
16048:
16012:
16007:
15977:
15972:
15914:
15881:
15853:
15815:
15810:
15780:
15775:
15757:
15678:
15657:
15648:2011 FTA Treaty
15621:
15590:
15540:
15523:
15502:
15482:
15422:
15342:
15316:
15311:
15281:
15276:
15171:Soviet invasion
15131:Danish conquest
15121:Ancient Estonia
14822:Arsacid dynasty
14807:Orontid dynasty
14781:
14755:
14659:
14654:
14624:
14619:
14592:
14580:Oceanic islands
14560:
14553:subject to the
14520:
14515:Svalbard Treaty
14513:subject to the
14495:
14488:subject to the
14468:
14466:
14464:
14449:
14404:
14373:
14348:
14345:
14337:
14323:Northern Cyprus
14306:
14303:
14295:
14286:
14202:North Macedonia
14023:
14014:
13979:
13971:
13966:
13953:
13946:
13939:
13932:
13919:
13910:Public holidays
13846:
13795:
13759:
13719:
13666:Internal Troops
13651:Law enforcement
13582:
13556:Protected areas
13523:
13436:
13427:
13368:Wayback Machine
13357:
13352:
13332:
13317:
13311:
13296:
13282:
13267:
13261:
13246:
13204:
13198:
13183:
13167:Democratization
13144:
13138:
13132:
13130:Further reading
13127:
13121:
13100:
13079:
13058:
13037:
13018:
12997:
12980:
12975:
12974:
12964:
12962:
12953:
12952:
12948:
12940:
12936:
12923:
12922:
12918:
12911:www.olympic.org
12905:
12904:
12900:
12894:Wayback Machine
12884:
12880:
12870:
12868:
12859:
12858:
12854:
12844:
12842:
12837:
12836:
12832:
12825:
12809:
12805:
12792:
12791:
12787:
12777:
12775:
12766:
12764:
12760:
12750:
12748:
12737:"Eurovision.tv"
12735:
12734:
12730:
12720:
12718:
12713:
12712:
12705:
12695:
12693:
12678:
12674:
12661:
12660:
12656:
12617:
12613:
12596:
12595:
12591:
12582:
12575:
12565:
12563:
12554:
12553:
12549:
12539:
12537:
12529:
12528:
12524:
12514:
12512:
12503:
12502:
12498:
12488:
12486:
12478:
12477:
12473:
12463:
12461:
12452:
12451:
12447:
12437:
12435:
12433:
12417:
12413:
12404:
12400:
12390:
12388:
12375:
12374:
12367:
12357:
12355:
12350:
12349:
12345:
12329:
12325:
12315:
12313:
12300:
12299:
12295:
12286:
12285:
12281:
12271:
12269:
12261:
12260:
12256:
12249:
12233:
12229:
12219:
12217:
12213:
12206:
12202:
12201:
12194:
12184:
12182:
12173:
12172:
12168:
12154:
12152:
12138:
12137:
12126:
12116:
12114:
12105:
12104:
12100:
12089:
12085:
12084:
12080:
12070:
12068:
12059:
12058:
12054:
12044:
12042:
12029:
12028:
12019:
12009:
12007:
11998:
11997:
11993:
11978:
11974:
11961:
11960:
11956:
11947:
11946:
11942:
11932:
11930:
11921:
11920:
11916:
11906:
11904:
11897:
11893:
11892:
11885:
11879:Wayback Machine
11870:
11866:
11860:Wayback Machine
11851:
11847:
11837:
11835:
11825:
11821:
11811:
11809:
11804:
11803:
11799:
11789:
11787:
11782:
11781:
11777:
11767:
11765:
11764:on 27 June 2014
11756:
11755:
11751:
11743:
11736:
11732:
11731:
11727:
11722:. 3 April 2015.
11714:
11713:
11709:
11699:
11697:
11692:
11691:
11687:
11677:
11675:
11665:
11661:
11651:
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11647:
11622:
11618:
11611:
11595:
11591:
11581:
11579:
11568:
11564:
11554:
11552:
11549:Country Studies
11543:
11542:
11538:
11528:
11526:
11518:
11517:
11513:
11503:
11501:
11499:Country Studies
11491:
11487:
11477:
11475:
11462:
11461:
11452:
11433:
11429:
11412:
11411:
11407:
11394:
11393:
11389:
11384:. 8 April 2022.
11376:
11375:
11371:
11361:
11359:
11355:
11344:
11338:
11334:
11319:
11297:
11293:
11283:
11281:
11280:on 5 March 2016
11268:
11267:
11263:
11249:
11247:
11233:
11232:
11223:
11213:
11211:
11201:
11197:
11188:
11187:
11183:
11172:
11168:
11158:
11156:
11155:on 29 June 2022
11143:
11142:
11138:
11128:
11126:
11117:
11116:
11112:
11102:
11100:
11091:
11090:
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11070:
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11050:
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11029:
11028:
11024:
11014:
11012:
11003:
11002:
10995:
10985:
10983:
10978:
10977:
10973:
10963:
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10952:
10951:
10947:
10937:
10935:
10920:
10919:
10915:
10905:
10903:
10888:
10887:
10878:
10868:
10866:
10855:
10854:
10850:
10840:
10838:
10827:
10826:
10822:
10812:
10810:
10809:. 5 August 2021
10799:
10798:
10794:
10784:
10782:
10772:
10768:
10758:
10756:
10755:(in Lithuanian)
10743:
10739:
10729:
10727:
10708:
10704:
10694:
10692:
10680:
10676:
10666:
10664:
10652:
10648:
10638:
10636:
10625:
10624:
10620:
10610:
10608:
10597:
10596:
10592:
10579:
10578:
10574:
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10562:
10551:
10550:
10546:
10533:
10532:
10528:
10518:
10516:
10508:
10507:
10503:
10488:
10487:
10483:
10473:
10471:
10462:
10461:
10457:
10449:
10445:
10428:
10427:
10423:
10416:Gazeta Wyborcza
10410:
10409:
10405:
10396:
10395:
10391:
10382:
10380:
10370:
10369:
10365:
10352:
10351:
10347:
10337:
10335:
10326:
10325:
10318:
10308:
10306:
10298:
10297:
10290:
10280:
10278:
10267:
10263:
10253:
10251:
10246:
10245:
10241:
10231:
10229:
10220:
10219:
10215:
10205:
10203:
10194:
10193:
10189:
10175:
10173:
10159:
10158:
10154:
10144:
10142:
10127:
10123:
10114:
10110:
10100:
10098:
10089:
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10084:
10074:
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10063:
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10007:
9997:
9995:
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9947:
9937:
9935:
9924:
9920:
9910:
9908:
9899:
9898:
9894:
9884:
9882:
9873:
9872:
9868:
9825:
9821:
9811:
9809:
9800:
9799:
9795:
9785:
9783:
9770:
9769:
9765:
9752:
9751:
9747:
9736:
9732:
9722:
9720:
9711:
9710:
9706:
9696:
9694:
9685:
9684:
9677:
9667:
9665:
9656:
9655:
9651:
9641:
9639:
9628:
9624:
9615:
9614:
9610:
9600:
9598:
9591:
9584:
9571:
9570:
9566:
9553:
9552:
9548:
9538:
9536:
9527:
9526:
9522:
9512:
9510:
9503:
9499:
9489:
9487:
9472:
9468:
9458:
9456:
9441:
9440:
9436:
9430:BBC News Online
9424:
9420:
9410:
9408:
9393:
9389:
9379:
9377:
9364:
9363:
9359:
9349:
9347:
9343:
9336:
9332:
9331:
9327:
9317:
9315:
9311:
9307:
9306:
9302:
9287:AtlanticCouncil
9281:
9280:
9276:
9263:
9261:
9259:
9233:
9229:
9219:
9217:
9212:
9211:
9207:
9199:
9195:
9182:
9180:
9178:
9152:
9148:
9138:
9136:
9129:
9125:
9102:
9098:
9090:
9084:
9080:
9072:
9068:
9060:
9056:
9046:
9044:
9043:on 4 March 2010
9035:
9034:
9030:
9020:
9018:
9003:
9002:
8993:
8983:
8981:
8973:
8972:
8968:
8960:
8956:
8949:
8935:
8931:
8921:
8919:
8906:
8905:
8901:
8891:
8889:
8881:
8880:
8876:
8866:
8864:
8854:
8853:
8849:
8839:
8837:
8828:
8827:
8823:
8816:
8794:
8790:
8759:
8755:
8724:
8720:
8707:
8705:
8690:
8689:
8685:
8675:
8673:
8662:
8658:
8648:
8646:
8631:
8621:
8619:
8612:
8593:
8583:
8581:
8568:
8567:
8560:
8558:
8551:Washington Post
8543:
8533:
8531:
8518:
8517:
8513:
8500:
8498:
8496:
8477:
8473:
8463:
8461:
8451:
8447:
8437:
8435:
8428:
8424:
8411:
8410:
8406:
8395:
8394:
8390:
8380:
8378:
8371:
8367:
8357:
8355:
8346:
8345:
8341:
8331:
8329:
8314:
8310:
8300:
8298:
8284:
8277:
8269:
8265:
8258:
8244:
8240:
8184:
8180:
8170:
8168:
8164:
8157:
8153:
8152:
8148:
8139:
8138:
8131:
8117:
8115:
8101:
8100:
8087:
8077:
8075:
8062:
8061:
8057:
8049:
8043:
8036:
8026:
8024:
8012:
8008:
7998:
7996:
7987:
7986:
7982:
7967:
7963:
7950:
7949:
7945:
7932:
7931:
7927:
7920:The Independent
7914:
7913:
7909:
7896:
7892:
7883:
7882:
7878:
7865:
7864:
7860:
7847:
7846:
7842:
7832:
7830:
7825:
7824:
7820:
7810:
7808:
7803:
7802:
7798:
7788:
7786:
7781:
7780:
7776:
7763:
7762:
7758:
7745:
7744:
7740:
7727:
7726:
7722:
7705:
7701:
7693:
7689:
7682:
7670:
7669:
7665:
7651:
7649:
7635:
7634:
7630:
7620:
7618:
7617:on 2 April 2019
7605:
7604:
7600:
7590:
7588:
7574:
7563:
7550:
7549:
7545:
7532:
7531:
7527:
7517:
7515:
7506:
7505:
7501:
7491:
7489:
7475:
7471:
7464:
7450:
7446:
7436:
7434:
7432:function.mil.ru
7426:
7425:
7421:
7411:
7409:
7395:
7384:
7377:
7361:
7357:
7350:
7330:
7321:
7270:
7263:
7253:
7251:
7241:
7237:
7227:
7225:
7213:
7209:
7194:
7190:
7181:
7177:
7158:Snyder, Timothy
7156:
7152:
7145:
7129:
7125:
7107:
7103:
7096:
7076:
7072:
7065:
7045:
7041:
7028:
7024:
7019:
7015:
7008:
6988:
6984:
6971:
6970:
6959:
6945:
6934:
6924:
6922:
6920:
6902:
6898:
6891:
6873:
6869:
6859:
6857:
6852:
6851:
6847:
6840:
6824:
6820:
6813:
6799:
6795:
6787:
6780:
6772:
6768:
6761:
6740:
6736:
6729:
6713:
6709:
6700:
6699:
6695:
6688:
6672:
6668:
6661:
6645:
6641:
6633:
6626:
6619:
6603:
6599:
6592:
6586:
6582:
6573:
6569:
6552:
6551:
6547:
6539:
6532:
6524:
6520:
6513:
6499:
6495:
6489:Wayback Machine
6480:
6476:
6469:
6453:
6449:
6442:
6428:Lukowski, Jerzy
6425:
6421:
6414:
6400:
6396:
6386:
6384:
6382:Rice University
6370:
6366:
6359:
6349:Greenwood Press
6337:
6333:
6325:
6321:
6314:
6298:
6294:
6281:
6277:
6270:
6254:
6250:
6243:
6225:
6221:
6212:
6208:
6200:
6196:
6189:
6173:
6169:
6159:
6157:
6142:
6138:
6125:
6124:
6120:
6110:
6108:
6095:
6094:
6090:
6077:
6076:
6072:
6058:
6056:
6042:
6041:
6034:
6024:
6022:
6017:
6016:
6012:
6005:
5989:
5985:
5977:
5973:
5966:
5950:
5946:
5939:
5923:
5919:
5911:
5907:
5900:
5886:
5882:
5874:
5870:
5860:
5858:
5849:
5848:
5844:
5839:
5835:
5827:
5818:
5810:
5806:
5796:
5794:
5790:
5789:
5785:
5776:
5775:
5771:
5761:
5759:
5758:. 13 March 2024
5751:
5747:
5746:
5742:
5732:
5730:
5725:
5724:
5720:
5710:
5708:
5695:
5694:
5683:
5671:
5667:
5666:
5662:
5653:
5652:
5648:
5636:
5635:
5631:
5618:
5617:
5613:
5605:
5601:
5586:
5568:
5561:
5551:
5549:
5539:
5538:
5534:
5524:
5522:
5509:
5508:
5504:
5496:
5492:
5491:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5476:
5464:
5443:
5442:
5434:
5419:
5415:
5389:
5373:
5372:
5364:
5337:
5320:
5293:
5284:
5283:
5277:
5273:
5238:
5229:
5228:
5222:
5218:
5183:
5179:
5178:
5174:
5161:
5157:
5152:
5124:
5119:
5117:
5110:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5064:
5036:
5030:
5024:
4987:, is a current
4977:Andrei Arlovski
4961:Vasil Kiryienka
4942:Australian Open
4905:, professional
4877:HC Dinamo Minsk
4833:
4823:
4817:
4814:
4807:
4795:
4791:
4784:
4746:
4736:, adopted in a
4718:
4592:Maksim Haretski
4588:Źmitrok Biadula
4580:Uładzimir Žyłka
4521:
4516:
4510:
4498:Eastern Yiddish
4470:
4464:
4363:
4357:
4352:
4182:
4176:
4172:
4145:
4139:
4135:
4103:
4102:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4069:was 1.22, well
4016:
4008:Main articles:
4006:
3936:rates 2001–2013
3922:
3913:
3850:
3810:
3804:
3739:
3643:
3633:
3473:Democracy Index
3459:Ales Bialiatski
3443:
3437:
3434:
3427:
3415:
3411:
3404:
3398:
3347:
3341:
3226:
3220:
3176:Andrei Sannikov
3060:
2975:improvement of
2930:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2926:
2920:
2915:
2907:
2906:
2900:
2895:
2884:
2878:
2770:above sea level
2694:
2686:Main articles:
2684:
2624:wording of the
2551:
2518:Leonid Kravchuk
2482:In March 1990,
2464:
2441:nuclear fallout
2395:
2310:Generalplan Ost
2283:. Nazi Germany
2233:
2225:Main articles:
2223:
2110:Meeting in the
2101:Józef Piłsudski
2031:, and then the
1990:
1988:
1971:
1969:
1962:
1818:
1804:
1798:
1790:Church Slavonic
1757:Polish language
1746:Union of Lublin
1710:
1704:
1645:Mongol invasion
1607:
1601:
1552:
1546:
1541:
1535:
1340:Jan of Czarnków
1291:Stamp with the
1232:
1226:
1218:Baku Initiative
1167:state ownership
1163:civil liberties
998:
989:
987:
978:
956:
881:
850:
849:
848:
837:
825:
824:
823:
812:
791:
772:
760:
739:
720:
704:
692:
681:9,155,978 (
678:
661:
647:
629:8 December 1999
626:
613:
600:
587:
574:
561:
548:
535:
522:
496:
481:
452:
437:
397:
385:
356:
348:
315:
305:
279:
251:
249:
245:
242:
237:
234:
232:
230:
229:
228:
222:
214:
213:
198:
197:
194:
187:
172:
163:
155:
149:
146:
139:
133:
130:
123:
114:
113:
112:
107:
99:
98:
93:
80:
79:
70:
55:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
16702:
16692:
16691:
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16681:
16676:
16671:
16666:
16661:
16656:
16651:
16646:
16641:
16592:
16591:
16586:
16585:
16583:
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16575:
16565:
16560:
16555:
16550:
16544:
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16534:
16521:
16508:
16495:
16482:
16469:
16455:
16453:
16449:
16448:
16446:
16445:
16443:United Nations
16440:
16427:
16422:
16416:
16414:
16410:
16409:
16407:
16406:
16393:
16380:
16367:
16354:
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16315:
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16250:
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16216:
16214:
16213:
16199:
16197:
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16189:
16176:
16163:
16150:
16137:
16124:
16111:
16098:
16085:
16072:
16058:
16056:
16050:
16049:
16047:
16046:
16041:
16039:Samarkand 2022
16036:
16031:
16026:
16020:
16018:
16014:
16013:
16006:
16005:
15998:
15991:
15983:
15974:
15973:
15971:
15970:
15965:
15960:
15955:
15950:
15945:
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15916:
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15912:
15907:
15902:
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15889:
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15880:
15879:
15874:
15869:
15863:
15861:
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15851:
15846:
15841:
15836:
15831:
15825:
15823:
15817:
15816:
15809:
15808:
15801:
15794:
15786:
15777:
15776:
15774:
15773:
15762:
15759:
15758:
15756:
15755:
15750:
15745:
15740:
15735:
15730:
15728:Russian Empire
15725:
15720:
15715:
15710:
15705:
15700:
15695:
15690:
15686:
15684:
15680:
15679:
15677:
15676:
15671:
15665:
15663:
15659:
15658:
15656:
15655:
15650:
15645:
15640:
15638:Economic Court
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15614:
15609:
15604:
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15375:
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15364:
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15334:
15328:
15321:
15318:
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15278:
15277:
15275:
15274:
15269:
15264:
15259:
15254:
15249:
15244:
15239:
15234:
15232:Ottoman Empire
15229:
15224:
15219:
15214:
15209:
15204:
15198:
15192:
15183:
15178:
15173:
15168:
15163:
15158:
15153:
15148:
15143:
15138:
15133:
15128:
15123:
15114:
15108:
15103:
15098:
15093:
15088:
15079:
15074:
15069:
15064:
15054:
15049:
15043:Czech Republic
15040:
15035:
15029:
15024:
15018:
15009:
15007:Ottoman Empire
15004:
14999:
14994:
14989:
14984:
14979:
14970:
14964:
14959:
14954:
14952:Russian Empire
14949:
14940:
14935:
14929:
14924:
14919:
14914:
14905:
14899:
14894:
14889:
14884:
14879:
14874:
14869:
14867:Russian Empire
14864:
14859:
14854:
14849:
14844:
14839:
14834:
14829:
14824:
14819:
14814:
14809:
14804:
14795:
14789:
14787:
14783:
14782:
14780:
14779:
14774:
14769:
14763:
14761:
14757:
14756:
14754:
14753:
14748:
14738:
14733:
14728:
14723:
14718:
14713:
14708:
14703:
14698:
14693:
14691:Czech Republic
14688:
14683:
14678:
14673:
14667:
14665:
14661:
14660:
14657:Eastern Europe
14653:
14652:
14645:
14638:
14630:
14621:
14620:
14618:
14617:
14605:
14591:
14590:
14583:
14577:
14574:
14570:
14569:
14566:
14565:
14562:
14561:
14559:
14558:
14544:
14539:
14534:
14528:
14526:
14525:United Kingdom
14522:
14521:
14519:
14518:
14503:
14501:
14497:
14496:
14494:
14493:
14478:
14476:
14469:
14462:
14459:
14458:
14455:
14454:
14451:
14450:
14448:
14447:
14442:
14437:
14436:
14435:
14430:
14425:
14414:
14412:
14406:
14405:
14403:
14402:
14392:
14385:
14379:
14378:United Kingdom
14375:
14374:
14372:
14371:
14370:
14369:
14358:
14356:
14349:
14342:
14339:
14338:
14336:
14335:
14330:
14325:
14320:
14315:
14309:
14307:
14300:
14297:
14296:
14289:
14287:
14285:
14284:
14279:
14277:United Kingdom
14274:
14269:
14264:
14259:
14254:
14249:
14244:
14239:
14234:
14229:
14224:
14219:
14214:
14209:
14204:
14199:
14194:
14189:
14184:
14179:
14174:
14169:
14164:
14159:
14154:
14149:
14144:
14139:
14134:
14129:
14124:
14119:
14114:
14109:
14104:
14099:
14094:
14092:Czech Republic
14089:
14084:
14079:
14074:
14069:
14064:
14059:
14054:
14049:
14044:
14039:
14033:
14031:
14025:
14024:
14013:
14012:
14005:
13998:
13990:
13984:
13981:
13980:
13968:
13967:
13965:
13964:
13959:
13952:
13951:
13944:
13937:
13929:
13928:
13925:
13924:
13921:
13920:
13918:
13917:
13912:
13907:
13902:
13897:
13892:
13887:
13882:
13877:
13872:
13867:
13862:
13856:
13854:
13848:
13847:
13845:
13844:
13839:
13834:
13829:
13824:
13819:
13813:
13807:
13801:
13800:
13797:
13796:
13794:
13793:
13788:
13786:Stock exchange
13783:
13778:
13773:
13768:
13763:
13755:
13754:
13753:
13743:
13737:
13731:
13725:
13724:
13721:
13720:
13718:
13717:
13712:
13711:
13710:
13703:Prime Minister
13700:
13695:
13690:
13685:
13680:
13679:
13678:
13673:
13668:
13663:
13658:
13648:
13638:
13633:
13628:
13627:
13626:
13616:
13611:
13606:
13600:
13594:
13588:
13587:
13584:
13583:
13581:
13580:
13575:
13570:
13569:
13568:
13566:National parks
13563:
13553:
13548:
13546:Extreme points
13543:
13537:
13531:
13525:
13524:
13522:
13521:
13516:
13515:
13514:
13504:
13499:
13494:
13493:
13492:
13485:Russian Empire
13482:
13477:
13472:
13467:
13462:
13457:
13452:
13446:
13444:
13438:
13437:
13426:
13425:
13418:
13411:
13403:
13397:
13396:
13391:
13375:
13356:
13355:External links
13353:
13351:
13350:
13343:
13336:
13330:
13315:
13309:
13294:
13286:
13280:
13265:
13259:
13244:
13237:
13230:
13223:
13213:Chisholm, Hugh
13202:
13196:
13181:
13160:
13153:
13145:
13134:Main article:
13131:
13128:
13126:
13125:
13119:
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13098:
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13077:
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13035:
13022:
13016:
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12995:
12981:
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12976:
12973:
12972:
12946:
12934:
12916:
12898:
12878:
12852:
12830:
12823:
12803:
12785:
12758:
12728:
12703:
12672:
12667:NobelPrize.org
12654:
12611:
12589:
12585:Britannica.com
12573:
12547:
12522:
12496:
12471:
12458:Penbelarus.org
12445:
12431:
12411:
12407:Ethnologue.com
12398:
12381:Belstat.gov.by
12365:
12343:
12332:Jewish Belarus
12323:
12293:
12279:
12254:
12247:
12227:
12192:
12166:
12124:
12098:
12095:on 4 May 2015.
12078:
12052:
12017:
11991:
11972:
11954:
11940:
11914:
11883:
11864:
11845:
11819:
11797:
11775:
11749:
11725:
11707:
11685:
11659:
11645:
11616:
11609:
11589:
11562:
11536:
11511:
11485:
11450:
11427:
11405:
11387:
11369:
11332:
11317:
11291:
11261:
11221:
11195:
11181:
11166:
11136:
11110:
11084:
11048:
11022:
10993:
10971:
10960:on 22 May 2010
10945:
10913:
10876:
10848:
10820:
10792:
10766:
10737:
10702:
10674:
10646:
10635:. 24 June 2021
10618:
10590:
10572:
10544:
10526:
10501:
10481:
10455:
10443:
10421:
10403:
10389:
10363:
10345:
10316:
10288:
10261:
10239:
10213:
10187:
10152:
10141:on 5 July 2018
10121:
10108:
10082:
10071:on 2 June 2018
10056:
10045:. 28 June 2021
10043:Deutsche Welle
10030:
10005:
9979:
9945:
9918:
9892:
9866:
9819:
9793:
9763:
9745:
9730:
9704:
9675:
9649:
9622:
9608:
9582:
9564:
9546:
9520:
9497:
9466:
9434:
9418:
9387:
9357:
9325:
9300:
9274:
9257:
9227:
9205:
9193:
9176:
9146:
9123:
9116:(4): 381–305.
9096:
9078:
9066:
9054:
9028:
8991:
8966:
8954:
8947:
8929:
8899:
8874:
8847:
8821:
8814:
8788:
8769:(6): 895–908.
8753:
8718:
8683:
8656:
8610:
8511:
8494:
8471:
8445:
8422:
8404:
8388:
8365:
8339:
8308:
8275:
8271:Zaprudnik 1993
8263:
8256:
8238:
8199:(6): 534–545.
8178:
8146:
8129:
8085:
8055:
8034:
8006:
7995:. 1 March 2022
7980:
7961:
7943:
7925:
7907:
7890:
7876:
7858:
7840:
7818:
7796:
7774:
7756:
7751:Foreign Policy
7738:
7720:
7699:
7687:
7680:
7663:
7628:
7598:
7561:
7543:
7525:
7499:
7469:
7462:
7444:
7419:
7382:
7375:
7355:
7348:
7319:
7261:
7235:
7207:
7188:
7175:
7150:
7143:
7123:
7121:
7120:
7117:
7114:
7111:
7101:
7094:
7070:
7063:
7039:
7022:
7013:
7006:
6982:
6957:
6932:
6918:
6896:
6889:
6867:
6845:
6838:
6818:
6811:
6793:
6766:
6759:
6734:
6727:
6707:
6693:
6686:
6666:
6659:
6639:
6635:Birgerson 2002
6624:
6617:
6597:
6580:
6567:
6545:
6530:
6526:Birgerson 2002
6518:
6511:
6493:
6474:
6467:
6447:
6440:
6419:
6412:
6394:
6364:
6357:
6331:
6327:Zaprudnik 1993
6319:
6312:
6292:
6275:
6268:
6248:
6241:
6219:
6213:John Haywood,
6206:
6202:Zaprudnik 1993
6194:
6187:
6167:
6136:
6118:
6088:
6070:
6032:
6010:
6003:
5983:
5971:
5964:
5944:
5937:
5917:
5905:
5898:
5880:
5868:
5857:on 31 May 2021
5842:
5833:
5829:Zaprudnik 1993
5816:
5804:
5783:
5769:
5740:
5718:
5681:
5676:belstat.gov.by
5660:
5646:
5629:
5611:
5599:
5584:
5559:
5532:
5502:
5484:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5475:
5474:
5413:
5401:(from Russian
5172:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5147:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5130:
5129:
5115:
5112:Belarus portal
5099:
5096:
5080:Nesvizh Castle
5063:
5060:
5044:
5043:
5039:Country code:
5026:Main article:
5023:
5020:
4963:, who won the
4825:
4824:
4801:appears to be
4798:
4796:
4789:
4783:
4780:
4776:bread and salt
4745:
4742:
4717:
4714:
4628:Ales Adamovich
4552:Cyril of Turaw
4520:
4517:
4512:Main article:
4509:
4506:
4466:Main article:
4463:
4460:
4376:in the former
4359:Main article:
4356:
4353:
4349:
4348:
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4340:
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4327:
4322:
4317:
4313:
4312:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4295:
4294:
4291:
4289:Mogilev Region
4286:
4281:
4277:
4276:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4259:
4258:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4241:
4240:
4237:
4235:Vitebsk Region
4232:
4227:
4223:
4222:
4219:
4217:Mogilev Region
4214:
4209:
4205:
4204:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4187:
4186:
4165:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4149:
4127:
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4121:
4116:
4111:
4108:
4105:
4104:
4100:
4095:
4092:
4089:
4084:
4067:fertility rate
4058:(314,800) and
4005:
4002:
3983:redenomination
3950:redenomination
3921:
3918:
3912:
3909:
3849:
3846:
3842:GDP per capita
3806:Main article:
3803:
3800:
3738:
3735:
3632:
3629:
3621:United Kingdom
3572:hybrid warfare
3567:European Union
3445:
3444:
3421:appears to be
3418:
3416:
3409:
3397:
3394:
3363:Viktor Khrenin
3343:Main article:
3340:
3337:
3269:European Union
3249:United Nations
3241:Vladimir Putin
3222:Main article:
3219:
3216:
3212:United Kingdom
3208:European Union
3138:October Square
3123:2004 elections
3059:
3056:
3035:prime minister
3027:Victory Square
3005:Viktar Hanchar
2923:Prime Minister
2916:
2909:
2908:
2896:
2889:
2888:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2880:Main article:
2877:
2874:
2855:to the north,
2842:primary forest
2759:Vitebsk Region
2683:
2680:
2569:. A two-round
2550:
2549:Lukashenko era
2547:
2516:of Russia and
2488:Supreme Soviet
2463:
2460:
2394:
2391:
2363:Ales Adamovich
2353:Kirill Mazurov
2349:Pyotr Masherov
2293:Brest Fortress
2222:
2219:
2118:members, were
2116:intelligentsia
2004:Anton Ausianik
1985:Vasil Zacharka
1961:
1958:
1901:of Belarusian
1864:(Russian:
1834:Berezina river
1800:Main article:
1797:
1796:Russian Empire
1794:
1782:Union of Brest
1734:personal union
1703:
1700:
1677:Eastern Europe
1614:Principalities
1600:
1597:
1568:1st millennium
1545:
1542:
1537:Main article:
1534:
1531:
1513:Gothic Kingdom
1395:Russian Empire
1387:Russian Empire
1325:White Ruthenia
1266:Black Ruthenia
1225:
1222:
1210:European Union
1186:United Nations
1124:transformation
1116:United Nations
1076:Russian Empire
1027:to the south,
1017:Eastern Europe
1000:
999:
997:
996:
972:
961:
958:
957:
955:
954:
949:
943:
941:
935:
934:
929:
923:
922:
917:
911:
910:
907:
901:
900:
897:
893:
892:
879:
875:
874:
864:
860:
859:
840:
830:
829:
826:low inequality
815:
805:
804:
792:
789:
786:
785:
773:
770:
767:
766:
763:
753:
752:
747:$ 24,016 (
740:
737:
734:
733:
721:
718:
715:
714:
711:
697:
696:
693:
691:• Density
690:
687:
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659:
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655:
648:
645:
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630:
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621:
618:
617:
614:
608:
605:
604:
601:
595:
592:
591:
590:25 August 1991
588:
582:
579:
578:
575:
569:
566:
565:
562:
556:
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552:
551:1 January 1919
549:
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539:
536:
530:
527:
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523:
517:
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513:
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509:
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502:
497:
491:
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467:
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459:
458:
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450:Prime Minister
447:
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325:
318:
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304:
303:
298:
293:
287:
285:
281:
280:
278:
277:
272:
266:
264:
260:
259:
252:53.917; 27.550
223:
220:
216:
215:
200:
199:
188:
178:
177:
174:
173:
161:
116:
115:
108:
101:
100:
94:
87:
86:
85:
82:
81:
78:
77:
62:
46:
45:
42:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
16701:
16690:
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16570:
16569:
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16559:
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16549:
16548:Member states
16546:
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16054:Member states
16051:
16045:
16042:
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16029:Dushanbe 2014
16027:
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15821:Member states
15818:
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15136:Terra Mariana
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15047:Great Moravia
15044:
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14947:Russification
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14817:Roman Armenia
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14772:South Ossetia
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14614:Europe portal
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14463:Special areas
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14362:Faroe Islands
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14162:Liechtenstein
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13510:
13509:
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13491:
13490:Russification
13488:
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13486:
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13463:
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13331:0-8133-3672-4
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13310:0-8179-9542-0
13306:
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13292:
13287:
13283:
13277:
13273:
13272:
13266:
13262:
13260:1-85743-058-1
13256:
13253:. Routledge.
13252:
13251:
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13120:0-8133-1794-0
13116:
13112:
13111:
13105:
13101:
13099:1-57958-282-6
13095:
13092:. Routledge.
13091:
13090:
13084:
13080:
13078:1-877864-30-7
13074:
13070:
13069:
13063:
13059:
13057:0-19-924739-0
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13042:
13038:
13036:0-313-27497-5
13032:
13028:
13023:
13019:
13017:0-313-30610-9
13013:
13010:. Greenwood.
13009:
13008:
13002:
12998:
12996:0-275-96965-7
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12762:
12747:on 4 May 2013
12746:
12742:
12741:Eurovision.tv
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12708:
12691:
12687:
12686:Shanghai Star
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12340:
12339:archive.today
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12268:
12267:Nation Master
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11833:Seattle Times
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11646:9789280533200
11642:
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11606:
11603:. MIT Press.
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10981:
10980:"About Minsk"
10975:
10959:
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10954:"About Minsk"
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10367:
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10358:Freedom House
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9432:(14 May 2011)
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8948:0-415-25230-X
8944:
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8903:
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8776:
8772:
8768:
8764:
8757:
8749:
8745:
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8737:
8733:
8729:
8728:European View
8722:
8715:
8703:
8699:
8698:
8693:
8687:
8671:
8667:
8660:
8644:
8640:
8636:
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8475:
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8449:
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8426:
8418:
8414:
8408:
8400:
8399:
8392:
8376:
8369:
8354:on 6 May 2008
8353:
8349:
8343:
8327:
8323:
8319:
8312:
8297:
8293:
8289:
8282:
8280:
8273:, p. xix
8272:
8267:
8259:
8257:1-85743-137-5
8253:
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7947:
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7904:
7900:
7897:Dave Lawler,
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7349:0-7867-1011-X
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6986:
6978:
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6954:
6953:
6948:
6947:Norman Davies
6943:
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6915:
6911:
6907:
6900:
6892:
6886:
6882:
6878:
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6855:
6849:
6841:
6839:90-5702-343-1
6835:
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6808:
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6797:
6786:
6779:
6778:
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6760:0-903983-00-1
6756:
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6593:
6584:
6577:
6571:
6565:
6561:
6557:
6549:
6542:
6537:
6535:
6528:, p. 101
6527:
6522:
6514:
6512:90-04-11664-8
6508:
6504:
6497:
6490:
6486:
6483:
6478:
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6460:
6459:
6451:
6443:
6437:
6433:
6429:
6423:
6415:
6413:0-521-36290-3
6409:
6405:
6398:
6383:
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6375:
6368:
6360:
6358:0-313-26007-9
6354:
6350:
6346:
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6315:
6309:
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6296:
6288:
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6260:
6252:
6244:
6242:0-521-86403-8
6238:
6234:
6230:
6223:
6216:
6210:
6203:
6198:
6190:
6184:
6180:
6179:
6171:
6156:on 1 May 2021
6155:
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6039:
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6020:
6014:
6006:
6000:
5996:
5995:
5987:
5981:, p. 260
5980:
5979:Richmond 1995
5975:
5967:
5961:
5957:
5956:
5948:
5940:
5934:
5930:
5929:
5921:
5915:, p. 327
5914:
5909:
5901:
5899:985-6599-12-1
5895:
5891:
5884:
5878:, p. 163
5877:
5872:
5856:
5852:
5846:
5837:
5830:
5825:
5823:
5821:
5814:, p. 35.
5813:
5808:
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5779:
5773:
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5722:
5706:
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5165:
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5155:
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5142:
5140:
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5135:
5132:
5131:
5127:
5126:Europe portal
5116:
5113:
5102:
5095:
5093:
5089:
5086:(shared with
5085:
5081:
5077:
5073:
5069:
5059:
5057:
5054:), Synterra,
5053:
5049:
5042:
5038:
5037:
5035:
5029:
5019:
5017:
5013:
5009:
5005:
5001:
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4966:
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4957:
4955:
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4947:
4943:
4939:
4935:
4931:
4927:
4923:
4920:is a leading
4919:
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4908:
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4900:
4896:
4894:
4890:
4886:
4882:
4878:
4874:
4870:
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4858:
4854:
4850:
4846:
4842:
4838:
4832:
4821:
4818:November 2020
4811:
4806:
4804:
4799:This article
4797:
4788:
4787:
4779:
4777:
4773:
4769:
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4699:
4695:
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4669:
4668:
4663:
4662:Peasant Woman
4659:
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4614:
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4441:
4437:
4432:
4430:
4426:
4422:
4417:
4415:
4411:
4407:
4403:
4399:
4396:also exists.
4395:
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4379:
4375:
4371:
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4279:
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4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4261:
4260:
4256:
4254:
4253:Grodno Region
4251:
4249:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4225:
4224:
4220:
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4015:
4011:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3979:
3975:
3971:
3965:
3963:
3962:Russian ruble
3959:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3943:
3935:
3931:
3926:
3917:
3908:
3906:
3902:
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3680:
3676:
3668:
3660:
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3647:
3642:
3638:
3628:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3617:United States
3614:
3610:
3606:
3602:
3598:
3593:
3592:Josep Borrell
3589:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3573:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3547:
3544:
3540:
3536:
3527:
3523:
3521:
3517:
3516:whistleblower
3512:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3487:published by
3486:
3483:, and in the
3482:
3478:
3477:Freedom House
3474:
3470:
3466:
3460:
3456:
3451:
3441:
3438:November 2022
3431:
3426:
3424:
3419:This article
3417:
3408:
3407:
3403:
3393:
3391:
3387:
3383:
3378:
3376:
3371:
3368:
3364:
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3336:
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3318:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3293:
3291:
3282:
3277:
3273:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3253:
3250:
3242:
3239:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3215:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3204:mass protests
3201:
3196:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3180:
3177:
3173:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
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3143:
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3128:
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3112:
3108:
3104:
3096:
3092:
3087:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3048:Supreme Court
3043:
3040:
3036:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2993:
2989:
2984:
2982:
2978:
2973:
2970:is weak. The
2969:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2938:
2934:
2924:
2919:
2913:
2904:
2899:
2893:
2883:
2873:
2870:
2866:
2863:to the west,
2862:
2858:
2854:
2849:
2847:
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2838:
2833:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2818:
2814:
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2797:
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2791:
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2742:
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2734:
2729:
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2703:
2699:
2693:
2689:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2643:Mass protests
2637:
2633:
2629:
2627:
2622:
2618:
2613:
2611:
2610:South Ossetia
2607:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2555:
2546:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2514:Boris Yeltsin
2511:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2477:
2473:
2468:
2459:
2457:
2452:
2450:
2449:Ukrainian SSR
2446:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2417:Sovietization
2414:
2413:Joseph Stalin
2410:
2408:
2399:
2390:
2388:
2387:the Holocaust
2384:
2380:
2375:
2374:Eastern Front
2370:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2359:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2337:
2335:
2331:
2330:collaborators
2327:
2326:
2321:
2317:
2312:
2311:
2305:
2300:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2287:in 1941. The
2286:
2282:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2243:, August 1941
2242:
2237:
2232:
2228:
2218:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2199:
2194:
2193:Roman Dmowski
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2151:
2146:
2144:
2140:
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2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2108:
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2102:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2009:
2008:Liavon Zayats
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1992:Arkadź Smolič
1986:
1982:
1981:Jazep Varonka
1978:
1974:
1966:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1923:
1919:
1918:Russification
1914:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1895:Russification
1892:
1888:
1887:Alexander III
1884:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1872:German Empire
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1803:
1793:
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1787:
1783:
1779:
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1767:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1749:
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1716:A map of the
1714:
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1577:
1573:
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1557:
1551:
1544:Early history
1540:
1530:
1527:
1522:
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1510:
1506:
1502:
1497:
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1410:
1408:
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1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1358:Jerome Horsey
1355:
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1341:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1317:
1311:
1306:
1298:
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1255:
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1247:
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1237:
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1219:
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1211:
1207:
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1195:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1151:authoritarian
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
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1085:
1081:
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1073:
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1050:
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1038:
1034:
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959:
953:
950:
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940:
936:
933:
930:
928:
927:ISO 3166 code
924:
921:
918:
916:
912:
908:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
865:
861:
857:
841:
835:
831:
816:
810:
806:
802:
799:$ 7,477 (
793:
787:
783:
774:
768:
764:
758:
754:
750:
741:
735:
731:
722:
716:
712:
708:
702:
698:
694:
688:
684:
680:
674:
671:
667:
663:
657:
653:
649:
643:
640:
636:
632:
628:
625:
619:
616:15 March 1994
615:
612:
606:
602:
599:
593:
589:
586:
580:
576:
573:
567:
563:
560:
554:
550:
547:
541:
538:25 March 1918
537:
534:
528:
524:
521:
515:
511:
508:
504:
501:
498:
495:
489:
486:
483:
480:
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471:
468:
464:
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454:
451:
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442:
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412:
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404:
400:
393:
391:
387:
380:
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370:
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368:
364:
363:
361:
360:
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351:
344:
342:
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336:
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326:
324:
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312:
308:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
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286:
282:
276:
273:
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268:
267:
265:
261:
256:
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217:
212:
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192:
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16438:Turkmenistan
16365:Saudi Arabia
16069:
16024:Beijing 2012
15833:
15733:Soviet Union
15662:Organization
15498:Turkmenistan
15447:
15408:Turkmenistan
15377:
15349:Participants
15257:Transnistria
15252:Soviet Union
15141:Swedish rule
15032:1989-present
15021:World War II
14932:World War II
14777:Transnistria
14680:
14612:
14600:
14333:Transnistria
14282:Vatican City
14061:
13948:Bibliography
13817:Demographics
13751:Central bank
13641:Human rights
13614:Constitution
13429:
13381:
13346:
13339:
13320:
13299:
13290:
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13006:
12986:
12978:Bibliography
12963:. Retrieved
12949:
12937:
12928:
12919:
12910:
12901:
12881:
12869:. Retrieved
12865:the original
12855:
12843:. Retrieved
12833:
12813:
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12798:the original
12788:
12776:. Retrieved
12772:the original
12761:
12749:. Retrieved
12745:the original
12740:
12731:
12719:. Retrieved
12694:. Retrieved
12690:the original
12685:
12675:
12666:
12657:
12627:(3): 78–89.
12624:
12620:
12614:
12606:the original
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12550:
12538:. Retrieved
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12525:
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12509:the original
12499:
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12310:the original
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12179:the original
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12115:. Retrieved
12111:the original
12101:
12093:the original
12081:
12069:. Retrieved
12065:the original
12055:
12043:. Retrieved
12039:the original
12034:
12008:. Retrieved
12004:the original
11994:
11986:Deadline.com
11985:
11975:
11966:
11957:
11943:
11931:. Retrieved
11927:the original
11917:
11905:. Retrieved
11901:
11867:
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11836:. Retrieved
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11822:
11810:. Retrieved
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11766:. Retrieved
11762:the original
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11741:the original
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11650:. Retrieved
11627:
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11576:the original
11565:
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11523:
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11467:
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11294:
11282:. Retrieved
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11153:the original
11148:
11139:
11127:. Retrieved
11123:belzakon.net
11122:
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10900:the original
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10279:. Retrieved
10275:the original
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10242:
10230:. Retrieved
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10139:the original
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10085:
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10069:the original
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10042:
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9262:. Retrieved
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9230:
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8859:
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8838:. Retrieved
8834:the original
8824:
8797:
8791:
8766:
8762:
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8731:
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8670:The Guardian
8669:
8659:
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8638:
8627:
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8600:
8589:
8582:. Retrieved
8573:
8559:. Retrieved
8550:
8539:
8532:. Retrieved
8514:
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8499:. Retrieved
8484:
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8462:. Retrieved
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8436:. Retrieved
8425:
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8391:
8379:. Retrieved
8368:
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8352:the original
8342:
8330:. Retrieved
8321:
8311:
8299:. Retrieved
8291:
8266:
8247:
8241:
8196:
8192:
8181:
8171:22 September
8169:. Retrieved
8149:
8116:. Retrieved
8106:
8078:11 September
8076:. Retrieved
8072:the original
8067:
8058:
8025:. Retrieved
8019:
8009:
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7799:
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7581:
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7537:
7528:
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7431:
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7402:
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7248:
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7220:
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6985:
6977:the original
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6925:18 September
6923:. Retrieved
6909:
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6858:. Retrieved
6848:
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6548:
6543:, p. 95
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6377:
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6154:the original
6149:
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6130:
6121:
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6105:the original
6100:
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6082:
6073:
6057:. Retrieved
6047:
6023:. Retrieved
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5927:
5920:
5908:
5889:
5883:
5871:
5859:. Retrieved
5855:the original
5845:
5836:
5812:Minahan 1998
5807:
5795:. Retrieved
5786:
5772:
5760:. Retrieved
5743:
5731:. Retrieved
5729:. World Bank
5721:
5709:. Retrieved
5700:
5675:
5663:
5649:
5641:
5632:
5624:france24.com
5623:
5614:
5602:
5571:
5550:. Retrieved
5544:
5535:
5523:. Retrieved
5519:the original
5514:
5505:
5488:
5420:Belarusian:
5416:
5398:
5175:
5158:
5070:-designated
5065:
5045:
5000:Inna Zhukova
4997:
4958:
4916:
4853:BATE Borisov
4834:
4815:
4800:
4758:
4719:
4698:Marc Chagall
4696:
4682:
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4665:
4661:
4657:
4640:
4617:
4602:
4595:
4594:, wrote for
4576:Yanka Kupala
4556:
4549:
4534:
4483:
4452:Constitution
4444:Lipka Tatars
4433:
4418:
4414:neo-paganism
4383:
4343:Brest Region
4325:Minsk Region
4307:Brest Region
4271:Brest Region
4199:Gomel Region
4160:Minsk Region
4064:
4044:Gomel Region
4030:(3.1%), and
4017:
4004:Demographics
3999:
3966:
3946:Soviet ruble
3939:
3914:
3894:
3890:
3862:
3855:
3851:
3827:
3797:
3767:
3740:
3652:
3548:
3532:
3513:
3463:
3453:Graffiti in
3435:
3420:
3379:
3372:
3360:
3294:
3286:
3254:
3246:
3197:
3181:
3169:
3146:
3136:Protests at
3100:
3061:
3044:
3032:
2997:the election
2985:
2977:human rights
2941:
2850:
2837:forest cover
2834:
2824:binders and
2807:, dolomite (
2798:
2763:
2755:Strusta Lake
2730:
2695:
2641:
2614:
2583:
2560:
2530:
2500:
2481:
2462:Independence
2453:
2433:
2411:
2404:
2377:represented
2371:
2358:Come and See
2356:
2338:
2323:
2316:living space
2301:
2268:World War II
2261:
2221:World War II
2196:
2185:polonization
2170:
2157:Soviet Union
2154:
2147:
2132:
2088:buffer state
2040:
2013:
1939:
1915:
1893:replaced by
1891:Polonization
1880:
1843:
1826:Grande Armée
1825:
1780:through the
1778:Latin Church
1753:Polonization
1750:
1727:
1681:
1667:against the
1657:
1642:
1619:
1553:
1520:
1516:
1504:
1500:
1471:
1466:
1444:
1440:
1438:
1425:
1421:
1418:White Russia
1417:
1411:
1394:
1390:
1382:
1368:
1366:
1354:White Russia
1353:
1324:
1321:White Russia
1320:
1304:
1302:
1297:Lazar Bohsha
1277:
1249:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1233:
1183:
1139:constitution
1128:
1096:Soviet Union
1057:
1053:largest city
1008:
1004:
1003:
988:. Retrieved
984:the original
975:
965:
939:Internet TLD
915:Calling code
771:• Total
719:• Total
646:• Total
577:27 July 1990
564:31 July 1920
367:Christianity
202:
131:(Belarusian)
119:
36:
16618: /
16553:Three Evils
16044:Astana 2024
16034:Astana 2017
15723:Union State
15537:(1993–2009)
15489:CIS Charter
15429:CIS Charter
15337:CIS Charter
15181:Soviet rule
15016:World War I
14745:East Thrace
14467:sovereignty
14465:of internal
14445:Isle of Man
14346:territories
14304:recognition
14262:Switzerland
14197:Netherlands
13822:Belarusians
13741:Agriculture
13460:Kievan Rus'
13374:news agency
12778:25 November
12696:20 December
12540:10 February
12489:10 February
12354:. Bbc.co.uk
12045:30 November
11673:World Atlas
11159:21 February
11129:23 February
11103:21 February
11077:21 February
11041:20 February
11015:20 February
10986:20 December
10938:22 December
10906:22 December
10869:19 December
10565:1 September
10519:17 November
10468:ILGA-Europe
10281:25 November
10115:Routledge,
10101:22 December
9972:22 December
9911:22 December
9885:22 December
9786:22 December
9697:22 December
9459:23 December
9021:22 December
8464:12 November
8381:19 December
8301:22 December
8141:"Key Facts"
7591:22 December
7284:(8): 1259.
6387:22 December
6283:NN (1914).
6204:, p. 7
6131:Telegraf.by
6111:22 November
6059:22 December
5913:Plokhy 2001
5831:, p. 2
5450:; Russian:
5399:Byelorussia
5090:), and the
4911:world No. 1
4722:Kievan Rus'
4710:avant-garde
4706:World War I
4667:Nightingale
4620:Vasil Bykaŭ
4584:Yakub Kolas
4545:Victory Day
4302:Baranavichy
4062:(298,300).
4054:(342,400),
4050:(365,100),
4020:Belarusians
4014:Belarusians
3828:Belarus is
3769:Settlements
3729:; Russian:
3721:; Russian:
3709:; Russian:
3701:; Russian:
3505:LGBT rights
3390:Afghanistan
3388:mission in
3257:Union State
2981:rule of law
2835:In Belarus
2830:caesium-137
2776:(24.8
2407:Curzon Line
2367:Vasil Bykaŭ
2128:Great Purge
2126:during the
2056:Polish Army
2029:World War I
1977:Jan Sierada
1876:World War I
1824:Napoleon's
1770:See of Rome
1761:Catholicism
1692:Kievan Rus'
1661:Belarusians
1622:Kievan Rus'
1605:Kievan Rus'
1599:Kievan Rus'
1556:Bandkeramik
1550:Early Slavs
1509:Yotvingians
1475:Baltarusija
1441:Byelorussia
1426:Byelorussia
1422:Byelorussia
1373:Белору́ссия
1240:Belaya Rus'
1179:Union State
1131:sovereignty
1060:Kievan Rus'
1045:six regions
990:16 February
896:Date format
847: 0.801
520:Kievan Rus'
494:Lower house
479:Upper house
466:Legislature
390:no religion
377:7.7% other
323:Belarusians
250: /
16633:Categories
16480:Bangladesh
16452:Applicants
16248:Azerbaijan
16187:Uzbekistan
16174:Tajikistan
16135:Kyrgyzstan
16122:Kazakhstan
15963:Uzbekistan
15958:Tajikistan
15910:Uzbekistan
15905:Tajikistan
15877:Uzbekistan
15844:Kyrgyzstan
15839:Kazakhstan
15478:Uzbekistan
15473:Tajikistan
15458:Kyrgyzstan
15453:Kazakhstan
15443:Azerbaijan
15418:Uzbekistan
15403:Tajikistan
15388:Kyrgyzstan
15383:Kazakhstan
15373:Azerbaijan
15272:Yugoslavia
14997:Golden Age
14908:Azerbaijan
14676:Azerbaijan
14232:San Marino
14192:Montenegro
14172:Luxembourg
14152:Kazakhstan
14057:Azerbaijan
13885:Literature
13875:Folk dance
13832:Healthcare
13760:(currency)
13688:Parliament
13636:Government
13609:Censorship
13455:Androphagi
13140:See also:
12602:Nasha Niva
12464:28 January
12438:28 January
12185:9 February
12155:7 November
11582:9 November
11504:4 November
11435:World Bank
11362:7 November
11125:. Belzakon
11064:rec.gov.by
11009:rm.coe.int
10309:22 January
10049:9 February
10023:9 February
9938:4 November
9839:(4): 438.
9668:3 December
9642:7 November
9601:7 November
9577:www.un.org
9403:. London.
8979:Constitute
8892:9 December
8867:9 December
8534:9 November
8438:9 February
8193:BioScience
8118:7 November
7733:www.un.org
7611:Belarus.by
7172:0465002390
5711:13 October
5594:1249714156
5552:16 October
5480:References
5407:), a name
5404:Белоруссия
5345:Belarusian
5340:-ə-ru(u)ss
5056:Rostelecom
5032:See also:
4950:Max Mirnyi
4938:Grand Slam
4913:in singles
4841:ice hockey
4829:See also:
4673:After the
4597:Nasha Niva
4486:Belarusian
4429:Lithuanian
4164:1,992,685
4032:Ukrainians
3911:Employment
3773:Belarusian
3746:Belarusian
3659:Belarusian
3584:Lithuanian
3375:conscripts
3232:President
3095:in 1943–44
3078:and again
2739:, and the
2714:landlocked
2072:Lithuanian
1922:Nicholas I
1911:Samogitian
1883:Nicholas I
1840:, Belarus)
1792:language.
1736:through a
1684:Muscovites
1560:Cimmerians
1467:Belorussia
1412:After the
1371:(Russian:
1369:Belorussia
1278:White Rus'
1250:White Rus'
1245:White Rus'
1228:See also:
1204:, and the
1074:, and the
1041:hemiboreal
899:dd.mm.yyyy
822: 25.3
670:Population
415:Government
408:Belarusian
403:Demonym(s)
394:1.2% other
345:2.8% other
341:Ukrainians
270:Belarusian
185:Show globe
58:Belarusian
18:Belorussia
16674:Republics
16615:53°N 27°E
16378:Sri Lanka
15953:Singapore
15626:Economics
15222:Lithuania
15195:Holocaust
15166:1920-1939
15111:1989-1992
15106:1945-1948
15086:1918-1938
15077:1867-1918
15072:1648-1867
15067:1526-1648
15012:1878-1946
14967:Holocaust
14912:Stone Age
14862:1880-1918
14857:1829-1878
14852:1502-1828
14847:1453-1829
14716:Lithuania
14395:Gibraltar
14344:Dependent
14167:Lithuania
13880:Languages
13827:Education
13791:Transport
13698:President
13671:Militsiya
13619:Elections
13529:Geography
12649:152025564
12566:9 October
12316:4 October
12071:7 October
11696:. Wto.org
11555:8 October
11327:211781907
11284:8 October
11250:8 October
10206:9 October
10176:9 October
10145:9 October
10091:"History"
10065:"Leaders"
9861:236786906
9853:2042-8928
9758:Jamestown
9507:"Belarus"
9448:Kyiv Post
9139:7 January
8783:153436132
8748:154655219
8649:24 August
8561:24 August
8358:4 October
8215:0006-3568
7637:"Belarus"
7538:rferl.org
7518:16 August
7437:28 August
7314:143667635
7298:0966-8136
7245:"Belarus"
6910:Homelands
6578:, p. 551.
6044:"Belarus"
6025:6 October
5797:26 August
5733:12 August
5541:"Belarus"
5525:25 August
5354:romanized
5052:Teleglobe
4922:biathlete
4740:in 1995.
4561:resident
4494:Ukrainian
4462:Languages
4440:Holocaust
3888:in 2023.
3543:Okrestino
3520:ombudsman
3115:BPF Party
3058:Elections
2964:autocracy
2952:president
2903:President
2857:Lithuania
2809:limestone
2745:Black Sea
2682:Geography
2484:elections
2445:Chernobyl
2281:Białystok
2191:, led by
2033:Bolshevik
1929:, led by
1907:Samogitia
1776:with the
1774:communion
1686:, led by
1439:The term
1430:Białystok
1367:The term
1303:The name
1299:from 1992
1254:Ruthenian
1234:The name
1224:Etymology
1155:ranks low
1141:in 1994,
1084:Civil War
1033:Lithuania
905:Drives on
878:Time zone
851:very high
761:(nominal)
507:Formation
435:President
379:Christian
353:Religion
296:Ukrainian
147:(Russian)
16541:See also
16313:Maldives
16274:Cambodia
16211:Mongolia
16148:Pakistan
15895:Mongolia
15771:Category
15595:Military
15247:Slovakia
15038:Caucasus
14973:Bulgaria
14793:Abkhazia
14767:Abkhazia
14736:Slovakia
14686:Bulgaria
14602:Category
14587:Holy See
14537:Scotland
14507:Svalbard
14492:of 1921)
14428:Guernsey
14423:Alderney
14313:Abkhazia
14247:Slovenia
14242:Slovakia
14217:Portugal
14077:Bulgaria
13957:Category
13842:Religion
13837:Language
13776:Industry
13683:Military
13592:Politics
13434:articles
13364:Archived
12965:26 March
12959:Archived
12890:Archived
12871:29 April
12845:29 April
12721:29 April
12641:20628625
12560:Archived
12515:26 March
12391:3 August
12358:29 April
12335:Archived
12272:29 April
12211:Archived
12117:29 April
12010:18 March
11933:18 March
11907:31 March
11875:Archived
11856:Archived
11812:29 April
11790:29 April
11700:29 April
11353:Archived
11351:. NATO.
11209:Statista
11068:Archived
10964:27 April
10841:6 August
10813:6 August
10785:6 August
10759:5 August
10752:15min.lt
10730:5 August
10695:5 August
10667:6 August
10661:The Week
10639:5 August
10474:3 August
10338:26 March
10254:30 April
10232:30 April
10075:18 March
9879:BBC News
9806:Guardian
9723:30 April
9717:BBC News
9662:BBC News
9636:Archived
9559:Sky News
9513:18 March
9453:Archived
9411:22 April
9405:Archived
9380:26 March
9374:Archived
9370:BBC News
9318:21 March
9291:Archived
9047:21 April
8984:17 March
8922:30 April
8916:Archived
8912:BBC News
8840:26 March
8702:Archived
8676:7 August
8672:. London
8643:Archived
8616:Archived
8584:7 August
8578:Archived
8574:BBC News
8555:Archived
8528:Archived
8332:26 March
8326:Archived
8322:BBC News
8233:28608869
8162:Archived
8027:29 March
7999:29 March
7993:BBC News
7938:CBC News
7853:BBC News
7833:13 April
7811:13 April
7789:13 April
7556:BBC News
7492:26 March
7412:26 March
7254:29 March
7228:29 March
7160:(2010).
6860:17 March
6785:Archived
6745:(1974).
6485:Archived
6343:(1996).
5861:12 April
5762:13 March
5386:Беларусь
5360:Byelarus
5349:Беларусь
5098:See also
5050:(former
4981:Babruysk
4845:football
4658:Sialanka
4531:in Minsk
4355:Religion
4347:137,960
4329:142,681
4311:179,000
4293:216,793
4284:Babruysk
4275:350,616
4257:373,547
4239:378,459
4221:383,313
4203:536,938
4080:literate
4026:(7.5%),
4024:Russians
3974:ISO 4217
3920:Currency
3907:levels.
3866:tractors
3663:вобласць
3339:Military
3210:and the
3117:and the
3105:and the
3029:in Minsk
2954:and the
2826:rapeseed
2606:Abkhazia
2602:Milk War
2393:Post-war
2120:murdered
2112:Kurapaty
2090:between
2036:Red Army
2023:and the
1935:Cyrillic
1626:Rurikids
1316:Ruthenia
1242:, i.e.,
1147:election
863:Currency
419:Unitary
329:Russians
16639:Belarus
16578:Russian
16573:Chinese
16467:Algeria
16326:Myanmar
16261:Bahrain
16235:Armenia
16070:Belarus
16017:Summits
15968:Vietnam
15943:Moldova
15872:Moldova
15834:Belarus
15829:Armenia
15689:Georgia
15535:Georgia
15519:Ukraine
15514:Moldova
15463:Moldova
15448:Belarus
15438:Armenia
15413:Ukraine
15393:Moldova
15378:Belarus
15368:Armenia
15267:Ukraine
15237:Romania
15227:Moldova
15212:Hungary
15207:Georgia
15117:Estonia
14943:Belarus
14938:Balkans
14798:Armenia
14786:History
14751:Ukraine
14726:Romania
14721:Moldova
14706:Hungary
14701:Georgia
14696:Estonia
14681:Belarus
14671:Armenia
14532:England
14475:Finland
14355:Denmark
14272:Ukraine
14222:Romania
14182:Moldova
14142:Ireland
14137:Iceland
14132:Hungary
14122:Germany
14117:Georgia
14107:Finland
14102:Estonia
14097:Denmark
14082:Croatia
14067:Belgium
14062:Belarus
14052:Austria
14047:Armenia
14042:Andorra
14037:Albania
13934:Outline
13870:Cuisine
13852:Culture
13805:Society
13746:Banking
13729:Economy
13551:Geology
13442:History
13430:Belarus
13378:Belarus
13215:(ed.).
13187:Belarus
12751:4 March
12220:29 June
11768:20 July
11678:6 April
11529:6 April
11274:Reuters
11214:6 April
10495:Reuters
10373:Belarus
9812:4 March
9539:18 July
9296:winner.
9220:1 March
9119:Belarus
8887:coe.int
8708:30 June
8697:Reuters
8639:NPR.org
8622:12 June
8524:Reuters
8501:12 June
8224:5451287
8021:Reuters
7975:Reuters
7652:4 March
7621:6 April
7306:3594506
6574:Żytko,
6217:(1998).
6083:Onliner
5701:IMF.org
5382:Russian
5356::
4954:doubles
4932:player
4753:Draniki
4744:Cuisine
4702:Vitebsk
4571:Vilnius
4559:Polotsk
4508:Culture
4480:in 2014
4448:Muslims
4406:Judaism
4320:Barysaw
4230:Vitebsk
4212:Mogilev
4184:Vitebsk
4174:Mogilev
4101:Source?
4052:Vitebsk
4048:Mogilev
3872:(CIS),
3802:Economy
3781:Russian
3754:Russian
3695:Vitebsk
3687:Mogilev
3671:область
3667:Russian
3655:oblasts
3559:Vilnius
3509:treason
3497:serfdom
3493:kolkhoz
3311:), the
3198:In the
3182:In the
3147:In the
3080:in 2020
3076:in 2015
3072:in 2010
3068:in 2006
3064:in 2001
2869:Ukraine
2822:caesium
2805:granite
2786:Vitebsk
2757:in the
2741:Dnieper
2737:Pripyat
2655:Vilnius
2590:Gazprom
2536:of the
2318:in the
2289:defense
2276:annexed
2122:by the
2076:Vilnius
2054:of the
1903:Uniates
1874:during
1854:Austria
1850:Prussia
1838:Barysaw
1788:in the
1786:liturgy
1696:Ukraine
1671:at the
1653:Polotsk
1576:Ukraine
1533:History
1393:or the
1378:Росси́я
1344:Jogaila
1236:Belarus
1171:economy
1094:of the
1025:Ukraine
1011:, is a
1005:Belarus
854: (
622:•
609:•
596:•
583:•
570:•
557:•
544:•
531:•
518:•
492:•
477:•
448:•
433:•
301:Yiddish
275:Russian
238:27°33′E
235:53°55′N
219:Capital
120:Anthem:
73:Russian
16620:53; 27
16529:
16516:
16506:Israel
16503:
16490:
16477:
16464:
16435:
16413:Guests
16401:
16391:Turkey
16388:
16375:
16362:
16349:
16336:
16323:
16310:
16300:Kuwait
16297:
16284:
16271:
16258:
16245:
16232:
16208:
16184:
16171:
16161:Russia
16158:
16145:
16132:
16119:
16106:
16093:
16080:
16067:
15948:Serbia
15849:Russia
15549:Sports
15468:Russia
15398:Russia
15351:" (11)
15339:(1993)
15333:(1991)
15327:(1991)
15262:Turkey
15242:Russia
15217:Latvia
14743:(only
14741:Turkey
14731:Russia
14711:Latvia
14500:Norway
14318:Kosovo
14267:Turkey
14257:Sweden
14237:Serbia
14227:Russia
14212:Poland
14207:Norway
14187:Monaco
14157:Latvia
14127:Greece
14112:France
14087:Cyprus
14021:Europe
13962:Portal
13895:Cinema
13771:Energy
13758:Ruble
13578:Swamps
13573:Rivers
13541:Cities
13432:
13328:
13307:
13278:
13257:
13194:
13117:
13096:
13075:
13054:
13033:
13014:
12993:
12821:
12647:
12639:
12429:
12245:
12161:
11838:27 May
11652:20 May
11643:
11607:
11478:16 May
11445:
11325:
11315:
11256:
10611:20 May
10434:Belsat
10383:8 June
10182:
9859:
9851:
9490:8 July
9350:25 May
9264:21 May
9255:
9183:21 May
9174:
8945:
8812:
8781:
8746:
8608:
8492:
8254:
8231:
8221:
8213:
8124:
7678:
7658:
7460:
7373:
7346:
7312:
7304:
7296:
7170:
7141:
7092:
7061:
7004:
6916:
6887:
6836:
6809:
6757:
6725:
6684:
6657:
6615:
6509:
6465:
6438:
6410:
6355:
6310:
6266:
6239:
6185:
6065:
6001:
5962:
5935:
5896:
5592:
5582:
5576:163 ff
5088:Poland
5082:, the
5078:, the
5074:: the
5068:UNESCO
4930:Tennis
4907:tennis
4859:. The
4847:. The
4764:stewed
4590:, and
4567:Prague
4490:Polish
4436:Jewish
4425:Polish
4421:Grodno
4248:Grodno
4119:Region
4093:
4090:
4073:. Its
4056:Grodno
3876:, and
3715:raions
3693:, and
3683:Grodno
3625:Canada
3613:Latvia
3605:Poland
3555:Athens
3467:, and
3455:Gdańsk
3243:, 2015
3206:. The
3125:. The
2865:Russia
2861:Poland
2853:Latvia
2735:, the
2718:marshy
2672:Norway
2252:Khatyn
2092:Poland
2080:Polish
2058:under
1927:revolt
1881:Under
1852:, and
1836:(near
1814:, and
1665:Poland
1580:Baltic
1526:Gudija
1517:Gutans
1487:Gudija
1481:Gudija
1434:Grodno
1405:, and
1403:Little
1391:Russia
1383:Russia
1329:German
1310:Russia
1274:Tatars
1200:, the
1196:, the
1192:, the
1070:, the
1066:, the
1062:, the
1037:Latvia
1029:Poland
1021:Russia
838:(2022)
836:
813:(2019)
811:
759:
703:
371:83.3%
365:91.0%
355:(2020)
321:84.9%
314:(2021)
291:Polish
209:Legend
205:Europe
145:
129:
122:
110:Emblem
69:
54:
16532:Syria
16420:ASEAN
16352:Qatar
16339:Nepal
16287:Egypt
16096:India
16083:China
15933:Egypt
15928:China
15900:Syria
14542:Wales
14482:Åland
14252:Spain
14177:Malta
14147:Italy
13941:Index
13900:Media
13890:Music
13450:Neuri
13372:BelTA
13211:. In
12645:S2CID
12637:JSTOR
12484:sb.by
12214:(PDF)
12207:(PDF)
11898:(DOC)
11744:(PDF)
11737:(PDF)
11356:(PDF)
11345:(PDF)
11323:S2CID
11071:(PDF)
11060:(PDF)
10834:DELFI
9857:S2CID
9776:USINO
9344:(PDF)
9337:(PDF)
9312:(PDF)
9091:(PDF)
8779:S2CID
8744:S2CID
8165:(PDF)
8158:(PDF)
8050:(PDF)
7903:Axios
7310:S2CID
7302:JSTOR
6996:[
6788:(PDF)
6781:(PDF)
6160:1 May
5752:(PDF)
5672:(PDF)
5497:(PDF)
5288:also
5278:ROOSS
5233:also
5223:ROOSS
5150:Notes
4948:with
4782:Sport
4768:Wheat
4716:Dress
4478:Rakaw
4410:Islam
4338:Pinsk
4266:Brest
4194:Gomel
4155:Minsk
4147:Gomel
4137:Minsk
4123:Pop.
4110:Rank
4060:Brest
4040:Gomel
4036:Minsk
4028:Poles
3991:media
3848:Trade
3723:район
3691:Minsk
3679:Gomel
3675:Brest
3553:from
3301:Syria
3281:Minsk
2946:with
2782:Brest
2733:Neman
2710:33° E
2702:57° N
2676:Japan
2274:were
2241:Minsk
2084:Wilno
2068:Vilna
1916:In a
1638:Minsk
1593:Avars
1521:Gytos
1501:Żudwa
1496:Gudwa
1407:White
1399:Great
1362:tsars
1333:Latin
1270:Balts
1262:Slavs
1049:Minsk
909:right
639:Area
388:7.8%
339:1.7%
335:Poles
333:3.1%
327:7.5%
226:Minsk
211:]
16606:27°E
16603:53°N
16519:Laos
16493:Iraq
16109:Iran
15938:Iran
15867:Cuba
15361:(11)
14433:Sark
13708:List
13645:LGBT
13326:ISBN
13305:ISBN
13276:ISBN
13255:ISBN
13192:ISBN
13115:ISBN
13094:ISBN
13073:ISBN
13052:ISBN
13031:ISBN
13012:ISBN
12991:ISBN
12967:2006
12873:2013
12847:2013
12819:ISBN
12780:2006
12753:2016
12723:2013
12698:2007
12568:2007
12542:2016
12517:2006
12491:2016
12466:2024
12440:2024
12427:ISBN
12393:2017
12360:2013
12318:2012
12274:2013
12243:ISBN
12222:2021
12187:2017
12157:2007
12119:2013
12073:2007
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