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Bengal Renaissance

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sympathise with the common citizen or even common peasant … Every revolution is attended with vigour, and the present one is no exception to the rule. Nowhere in the annals of Bengali literature are so many or so bright names found crowded together in the limited space of one century as those of Ram Mohan Roy, Akshay Kumar Dutt, Isvar Chandra Vidyasagar, Isvar Chandra Gupta, Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Hem Chandra Banerjee, Bankim Chandra Chatterjee and Dina Bandhu Mitra. Within the three quarters of the present century, prose, blank verse, historical fiction and drama have been introduced for the first time in the Bengali literature.
2325: 1690:, a British politician influential in Indian affairs who also served as Chairman of the East India Company, "moved "that a thorough education be given to the different races inhabiting the country, that the Gospel be preached to them… ."" Moreover, Arabinda Poddar contends that the English education of Bengalis was intended to create "mere political slaves," arguing that, "the civilising role of English education, stressed the need of creating a class of Anglophiles who would have a somewhat in-between existence between the rulers and the ruled." 44: 2311: 889: 1783:
promote widespread elementary education, what language to use, and particularly whether to support traditional methods of learning in India, which had declined due to the loss of patronage, or to introduce a new system based on Western education. Rammohan Roy contributed to this last debate by writing to the Governor-General in 1823 expressing his opposition to the establishment of a Sanskrit College that would foster traditional learning and advocating for Western scientific education; this effort failed without effect.
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The conquest of Bengal by the English was not only a political revolution, but ushered in a greater revolution in thoughts and ideas, in religion and society ... From the stories of gods and goddesses, kings and queens, princes and princesses, we have learnt to descend to the humble walks of life, to
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Among the many changes brought about by the Bengal Renaissance in India was the development of education, both in the Bengali language and in English. Colonial provisions at the time consisted mainly of village schools teaching literacy and numeracy, Arabic and Islamic studies being taught to Muslims
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Despite the East India Company's initial hostility to missionaries, the colonial government later saw the advantages of their contribution to educating and training the local population. This was especially because, as Killingley noted, "in the innovations of the early nineteenth century, government
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began teaching young women in 1816, but a systematic education policy was not established until 1854. However, Sengupta and Purkayastha point out that even during the 1860s and 1870s, "the project of female education was wholly tied to the purpose of enabling women to better discharge their domestic
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The Bengal Renaissance was a movement characterised by a sociopolitical awakening in the arts, literature, music, philosophy, religion, science, and other fields of intellectual inquiry. The movement questioned the existing customs and rituals in Indian society – most notably, the caste system, and
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and English. "Print language and literature played a vital role in shaping ideas and identities in colonial Bengal from the 18th century onwards," writes Anindita Ghosh, continuing that "… commercial print cultures that emanated from numerous cheap presses in Calcutta and its suburbs disseminated
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Education was also believed to be necessary in reversing the apparent moral decline many colonial administrators saw in Bengal society. To give an example, a British judge in Bengal recommended the London Missionary Society's schools, "for the dissemination of morality and general improvement of
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According to Dermot Killingley, the surplus mentioned in this Charter Act was "an aspiration, not a budget item," and even if the money had been provided for, there was uncertainty about how it should be spent. Recurring questions arose over whether to invest on a few advanced institutions or to
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allotted 100,000 rupees from the government's surplus to be "applied to the revival and improvement of literature, and the encouragement of the learned natives of India, and for the introduction and promotion of a knowledge of the sciences," it did not lead to any coherent provision of public
1895: 1774:, which were supported by endowments. These institutions were exclusively male, and in the rare cases where girls could get an education, it was in the home. The work of Christian missions also had more of an influence on Indian students than the initiatives of the government. While the 1592:
in 1911. Prior to Crown control, British power was in the hands of the East India Company, which in course of time, became increasingly profitable and influential, politically, establishing diplomatic relations with local rulers as well as building armies to protect its own interests.
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initiative had less impact than the work of Christian missions, and of individuals … who responded to the demand for literacy, numeracy and related skills created by growing commercial and administrative activity." In 1800, the Baptist Missionary Society established a centre in
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society among natives of all persuasion without interfering with their religious prejudices." Missionaries, however, were not the only channels through which education was promoted. For instance, individuals in Calcutta such as Rammohan Roy, the conservative Hindu scholar,
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Although the Bengal Renaissance was led and dominated by upper caste Hindus, Bengali Muslims played a transformative role in the movement, as well as the shaping of colonial and postcolonial Indian society. Examples of Bengali Muslim renaissance men and women include
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in 1757, which marked the Crown's consolidation of power in India. Many postcolonial historians source the origins of the Bengal Renaissance to these events, arguing that the movement was both a reaction to the violence and exploitation by the
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the practice of sati, idolatry – as well as the role of religion and colonial governance. In turn, the Bengal Renaissance advocated for societal reform – the kind that adhered to secularist, humanist and modernist ideals. From
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Other historians cite the works of "Father of the Bengal Renaissance," Raja Rammohun Roy, as the start of the Bengal Renaissance. Roy, by 1829, co-founded the Brahmo Sabha movement, which was later renamed the
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was passed to stabilise the EIC as well as subject it to some parliamentary control. Further legislation over the next several decades progressively brought about tighter controls over the company, but the
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with her husband, Sakhawat Hossain in 1898. Rokeya, was a prominent Bengali feminist thinker, writer, educator and political activist from British India. She is widely regarded as a pioneer of
1569:. Some Muslim figures significantly influenced the development of the various national identities across the Indian subcontinent, and in particular, post-partition and post-independence, 1867: 1775: 467: 4650: 9889: 2646: 1641:, then known as Calcutta. This colonial metropolis was the first non-Western city to use British methods of teaching in their school system. In 1817, the urban elite led by 8641: 8041: 5092: 492: 3975: 1702:. It was an influential socioreligious reform movement that made significant contributions to the renaissance, as well as the makings of modern Indian society. 7494: 5470: 2797: 4220: 3842: 2397:
The Bengali Renaissance also led to religious reform movements. Some notable religious and spiritual leaders associated with these reform movements are
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wide-ranging literary preferences that afforded a space to different sections of the Bengali middle classes to voice their own distinctive concerns."
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During this time, partly through the 1757 Battle of Plassey against the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies, and in part through the fall of the
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thought and activity during this period. The philosophical basis of the movement was its unique version of liberalism and modernity. According to
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Sastri, Sivanath; Lethbridge, R (1972). "The Introduction of English Education into Bengal; and the Early History of the Hindu College".
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Ghosh, Anindita (2002). "Revisiting the 'Bengal Renaissance': Literary Bengali and Low-Life Print in Colonial Calcutta".
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De, Amalendu (April–June 1995). "The Social Thoughts and Consciousness of the Bengali Muslims in the Colonial Period".
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was an Indian motion-picture director, writer, and illustrator who brought the Indian cinema to world recognition with
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and the Calcutta School Society. Some of the other institutions of learning established during this period include the
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A Story of Ambivalent Modernization in Bangladesh and West Bengal: The Rise and Fall of Bengali Elitism in South Asia
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Banerjee, Lyric (2020). "Religious Reformation in the Bengal Renaissance: Prelude to Science Museums in India".
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in the early 20th century. Also known as 'Indian style of painting' in its early days, it was associated with
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to the atheist philanthropist, David Hare, and other British officials often collaborated in the
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British Orientalism and the Bengal Renaissance: The Dinamics of Indian Modernization, 1773–1835
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Killingley, Dermot (2019). "Rammohun Roy and the Bengal Renaissance". In Brekke, Torkel (ed.).
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The religious reform movements and organizations associated with the Bengali Renaissance are:
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During the Bengal Renaissance science was also advanced by several Bengali scientists such as
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was established in 1926 to challenge the social customs and dogmas in Bengali Muslim society.
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The Freedom of Intellect Movement (Buddhir Mukt Andolan) in Bengali Muslim Thought, 1926–1938
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Bengal: The British Bridgehead: Eastern India 1740–1828 (The New Cambridge History of India)
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was an eminent Bengali chemist, educationist, historian, industrialist and philanthropist.
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The Bengal Renaissance: Identity and Creativity from Rammohun Roy to Rabindranath Tagore
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1800s–1930s socio-cultural and religious reform movement in Bengal, Indian subcontinent
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Naranyan Dhar, Pulak (1987). "Bengal Renaissance: A Study in Social Contradictions".
2617: 2562: 2503: 2426: 2316: 2218: 1991: 1886: 1725: 1674: 1662: 1634: 1581: 1558: 1529: 1525: 1513: 1475: 1471: 1458:, was a cultural, social, intellectual, and artistic movement that took place in the 1403: 1304: 1063: 935: 898: 707: 622: 497: 328: 313: 308: 84: 51: 43: 34: 10342: 10297: 10292: 10192: 10165: 10012: 9823: 9697: 9692: 9687: 9637: 9526: 9481: 9302: 9211: 8983: 8861: 8856: 8851: 8841: 8570: 8530: 8461: 8163: 7991: 7981: 7951: 7871: 7446: 7304: 7181: 7062: 6841: 6651: 6206: 6178: 5970: 5943: 5838: 5455: 5334: 5244: 5239: 5224: 5160: 5140: 5017: 4886: 4851: 4825: 4720: 4715: 4707: 4678: 4422: 4357: 4073: 4068: 3772: 3515: 3087: 2822: 2747: 2707: 2554: 2513: 2486: 2310: 1654: 1493:
For almost two centuries, the Bengal renaissance saw the radical transformation of
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Anarchy: The East India Company, Corporate Violence, and the Pillage of an Empire
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McDermott, Rachel Fell (2005). "Bengali religions". In Lindsay Jones (ed.).
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A History of the Renaissance in Bengal: Ramtanu Lahiri: Brahman and Reformer
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A History of the Renaissance in Bengal: Ramtanu Lahiri: Brahman and Reformer
2934:(1990). "Calcutta and the Bengal Renaissance". In Chaudhury, Sukanta (ed.). 9486: 9456: 9003: 8466: 8183: 8069: 7319: 7264: 7052: 6350: 6345: 5965: 5916: 5873: 5848: 5808: 5548: 5498: 5374: 5249: 4560: 4520: 4480: 4402: 4332: 4105: 4048: 4041: 3995: 3900: 3614: 3251: 2931: 2498: 2480: 2134: 2071: 2067: 1999: 1821: 1784: 1737: 1721: 1695: 1502: 1349: 1279: 1244: 1075: 1005: 930: 662: 637: 577: 303: 104: 10387: 9591: 9206: 9201: 8929: 8746: 8729: 8621: 8249: 8216: 8158: 8140: 8104: 7514: 7436: 7420: 7259: 5955: 5906: 5648: 5618: 5608: 5598: 5354: 5349: 5319: 5207: 5175: 5150: 5120: 5057: 4982: 4505: 4327: 4264: 4211: 3880: 2422: 2418: 2374: 2360: 2142: 2056: 2022: 1797: 1715: 1679: 1637:
of the British Indian Empire, but more specifically, its capital city of
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cofounded the Hindu or Presidency College in Kolkata, now known as the
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Ideology and Empire in Eighteenth-Century India: The British in Bengal
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Killingley, Dermot (2019). "Rammohun Roy and the Bengal Renaissance".
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was the first successful novelist in the history of Bengali Literature
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The Libraries of Bengal, 1700–1947: The Story of Bengali Renaissance
2854:"Kazi Nazrul Islam: Voice of Bengali Muslims and Secular Nationhood" 2751: 2711: 9327: 8362: 7269: 7057: 6600: 5430: 5399: 5379: 5359: 5304: 5254: 5145: 5072: 5042: 4992: 4427: 2150: 2006: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1747: 1585: 1478:, considered the "Father of the Bengal Renaissance," born in 1772. 1332: 1327: 1289: 1088: 880: 552: 547: 542: 340: 114: 61: 2382: 1653:, and newspapers and books were being published regularly in both 7294: 5833: 5450: 5435: 5067: 5062: 5032: 4962: 4957: 4942: 4937: 4225: 2044: 1876: 1638: 1629:
Ram Mohan Roy is considered the Father of the Bengali Renaissance
1524:. The main Muslim figures in the movement include members of the 1339: 1249: 1000: 831: 811: 697: 612: 607: 597: 557: 318: 255: 250: 213: 109: 2338: 7909: 5339: 5309: 5234: 5082: 5002: 4997: 4545: 4500: 2616:. New Delhi, Delhi: UBS Publishers' Distributors. p. 211. 2037: 2018: 1344: 1038: 1033: 985: 978: 717: 702: 582: 265: 201: 69: 7389: 3039:
Poddar, Arabinda (1970). "IV. Education and Social Mobility".
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International Journal of Legal Developments and Allied Issues
2030: 1589: 1317: 1010: 727: 677: 422: 2775:"Bengal Renaissance and its Impact on the Common Law System" 10087: 7151: 5813: 5170: 5135: 3041:
Renaissance in Bengal: Quests and Confrontations, 1800–1860
1857: 1497:
society, and its ideas have been attributed to the rise of
1482:
stated that the movement "can be said to have … ended with
592: 587: 572: 3059:
The Brahmo Samaj and the Shaping of the Modern Indian Mind
2212: 2160:
Following the influence of Indian spiritual ideas in the
3043:. Simla: Indian Institute of Advanced Study. p. 89. 2957: 2955: 2772: 9136:
Bureau of Police Research and Development (BPR&D)
5471:
List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate
3086:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 36–53. 1824:, the oldest modern educational institution in Asia; 1573:. When it came to cultural and religious reform, the 1449: 3419:, Wiley Publications. Volume 12, Issue 5, May 2015. 3241: 2952: 2773:
Chakraborty, Aishik; Purkayastha, Rahul (May 2020).
2141:
that originated in Bengal and flourished throughout
3605:Pal, Bipin Chandra; Cakrabartī, Jagannātha (1977). 2672:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 68. 8984:Governors, Lieutenant Governors and Administrators 3459: 3242:Chatterjee, Santimay; Chatterjee, Enakshi (1976). 3022:Sastri, Sivanath (1907). Lethbridge, Roper (ed.). 1508:The Bengali renaissance was predominantly led by 10496: 3682:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh 2961: 2168:attempted to reform the teaching methods at the 3194: 3192: 3190: 3188: 3170: 3123: 3121: 3119: 3117: 3115: 3113: 3111: 3084:The Oxford History of Hinduism: Modern Hinduism 2907:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 38. 2905:The Oxford History of Hinduism: Modern Hinduism 2898: 2896: 2894: 2892: 2890: 2645:. Publishing Private Limited. The Hindu Group. 4418:Revolutionary movement for Indian independence 3145:Missionaries and Education in Bengal 1793–1837 2687:. Delhi: Oxford University Press. p. 104. 2559:Awakening: The Story of the Bengal Renaissance 2549: 2547: 7925: 7405: 5694: 4195: 3708: 3604: 3415:edited Special Issue on Rabindranath Tagore, 3246:. New Delhi: National Book Trust. p. 6. 2936:Calcutta: The Living City, Volume I: The Past 2926: 2924: 2697: 2580: 2578: 1584:, and more specifically, its capital city of 1411: 853: 3466:. Berkeley: University of California Press. 3185: 3108: 2975: 2973: 2887: 1686:". For instance, Sivanath Sastri notes that 5088:List of cities in West Bengal by population 3508:Caste: A Global Journal on Social Exclusion 2883:. Lewiston, NY: The Edwin Mellen Press Ltd. 2544: 1840:, the oldest university in Bangladesh; and 7932: 7918: 7412: 7398: 5701: 5687: 4202: 4188: 3715: 3701: 3393: 3198: 3176: 3127: 3081: 3075: 3061:. Princeton University Press. p. 15. 2921: 2902: 2575: 1633:The Bengali Renaissance originated in the 1613:forced the British parliament to pass the 1418: 1404: 860: 846: 177:Bengali language Movement (North Dinajpur) 42: 9146:Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) 9026:Fundamental rights, principles and duties 3519: 3364: 3358: 3270:National Gallery of Modern Art, New Delhi 3028:. Swan Sonnenschein & Co. p. 56. 3006: 2970: 9088:Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) 5476:Discrimination against Bengalis in India 4209: 3548: 3157: 3047: 2821: 2733: 2731: 2729: 2636: 2611: 2588:The Bengal Renaissance : a critique 2553: 2066: 2005:Jagadish Chandra Bose (1858–1937) was a 1624: 172:Bengali Language Movement (Barak Valley) 10187: 8090:Achaemenid conquest of the Indus Valley 5708: 3640: 3367:Encyclopedia of Religion: 15 Volume Set 3201:Rammohun Roy and the Bengal Renaissance 3179:Rammohun Roy and the Bengal Renaissance 3130:Rammohun Roy and the Bengal Renaissance 2851: 2667: 2584: 10497: 9376:Securities and Exchange Board of India 8483:National Geological Monuments of India 3722: 3571: 3501: 3325: 3147:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 68. 3038: 3021: 2930: 2682: 2614:History of the Bengali-speaking People 1499:Indian anticolonialist and nationalist 10186: 9300: 9176:Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW) 9141:Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) 8882: 8434: 7949: 7913: 7393: 5682: 4183: 3696: 3592:from the original on 28 February 2017 3480: 3438: 3307:from the original on 14 February 2019 3142: 2979: 2726: 2601:from the original on 5 February 2022. 1766:, and tols, where pandits instructed 1580:From the mid-eighteenth century, the 4169:Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine 3671: 3457: 3276:from the original on 22 October 2018 3053: 2878: 2803:from the original on 5 February 2022 2639:"Three phases of Indian renaissance" 2251: 2097: 2029:. He pioneered the investigation of 1910: 9171:National Investigation Agency (NIA) 9093:Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) 8782:Autonomous administrative divisions 4453:Bengali Language Movement (Manbhum) 3621: 3346:from the original on 3 October 2022 2202:was a poet and artist. Awarded the 2172:by encouraging students to imitate 1474:, as well as the works of reformer 758:Indian People's Theatre Association 167:Bengali Language Movement (Manbhum) 13: 9161:Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC) 5670:Image gallery at Wikimedia Commons 3536:from the original on 9 August 2022 3439:Kabir, Abulfazal M. Fazle (2011). 3386: 3326:Cotter, Holland (19 August 2008). 3092:10.1093/oso/9780198790839.003.0003 2966:(Indian ed.). pp. 40–52. 2737: 2649:from the original on 28 April 2021 14: 10571: 9356:Ministry of Commerce and Industry 9098:Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) 8383:Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) 7442:Greek scholars in the Renaissance 3665: 3607:Studies in the Bengal renaissance 3443:. Promilla & Co. Publishers. 2561:. Random House India. p. 2. 7939: 4486:Darjeeling Himalayan hill region 4283:Night-flowering jasmine (Shiuli) 3011:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. 2670:Bengal in Global Concept History 2526:Yogoda Satsanga Society of India 2381: 2367: 2353: 2337: 2323: 2309: 2255: 2229: 2211: 2192: 2133:The Bengal School of Art was an 2101: 1914: 1894: 1875: 1856: 1736: 1714: 1669:rule until the overthrow of the 887: 8399:History of India (1947–present) 7419: 3624:Notes on the Bengal Renaissance 3572:Mittra, Sitansu Sekhar (2001). 3319: 3294: 3288: 3258: 3235: 3207: 3151: 3136: 3032: 3015: 3000: 2872: 2852:Bardhan, Protik (29 May 2014). 2845: 2815: 2300: 2080:.He was one of the pioneers of 1563:Ubaidullah Al Ubaidi Suhrawardy 9166:Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) 9118:Special Protection Group (SPG) 9108:Railway Protection Force (RPF) 6767:Bangladesh Planning Commission 4536:Protected areas of West Bengal 4516:Western plateau and high lands 3487:. Discovery Publishing House. 2831:. Permanent Black. p. 1. 2766: 2691: 2676: 2661: 2637:Panikkar, K N (3 March 2017). 2630: 2605: 1830:Presidency University, Kolkata 1776:East India Company Act of 1813 1310:National symbols of Bangladesh 1: 10261:Engineering colleges in India 9890:Electronics and semiconductor 9103:National Security Guard (NSG) 8847:World Heritage Sites in India 8435: 6551:International Crimes Tribunal 5466:Ethnic communities in Kolkata 3686:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh 2982:Economic and Political Weekly 2538: 2183: 1575:Freedom of Intellect Movement 1539: 503:Bangla Academy Literary Award 10540:Indian independence movement 9151:Enforcement Directorate (ED) 8972:State legislative assemblies 8883: 8812:States and union territories 8521:Biogeographic classification 7643:Platonism in the Renaissance 7547:Early Netherlandish painting 6087:Proclamation of Independence 6067:Legislative election in 1954 5654:Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay 5624:Upendrakishore Ray Chowdhury 5093:Cities and towns by district 4646:Parliamentary constituencies 4625:All India Trinamool Congress 4127:Indian Statistical Institute 3891:Upendrakishore Ray Chowdhury 3484:Essays on Indian Renaissance 1960:Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis 1818:Indian Statistical Institute 1810:Calcutta School Book Society 1705: 1615:Government of India Act 1858 7: 10545:History of social movements 10318:Water supply and sanitation 9301: 9083:Border Security Force (BSF) 8828:National monuments of India 7950: 6976:Water supply and sanitation 6169:Political crisis in 2006–08 5634:Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay 4378:Great Bengal famine of 1770 4084:Self-Realization Fellowship 3793:Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay 3394:Chatterjee, Pranab (2010). 3160:Marburg Journal of Religion 3007:Dalrymple, William (2019). 2938:. Oxford University Press. 2585:Samanta, Soumyajit (2008). 2531:Self-Realization Fellowship 1984:Kishori Mohan Bandyopadhyay 1885:was one of the pioneers of 1450: 478:Paschimbanga Bangla Akademi 10: 10576: 9371:Central Statistical Office 8977:State legislative councils 8952:Union Council of Ministers 7552:Dutch and Flemish painting 7495:Central and Eastern Europe 7464:Outline of the Renaissance 7335:Inventions and discoveries 7315:National Martyrs' Memorial 6047:Partition of Bengal (1947) 6022:Partition of Bengal (1905) 5390:Santiniketan Leather Goods 4463:Naxalite–Maoist insurgency 4448:Partition of Bengal (1947) 4413:Partition of Bengal (1905) 3680:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). 3647:Cambridge University Press 3555:Cambridge University Press 2245: 2164:, the British art teacher 2087: 1980:Gopal Chandra Bhattacharya 1847: 1667:British East India Company 1620: 1468:British East India Company 951:Partition of Bengal (1947) 941:Partition of Bengal (1905) 10341: 10251:Medical colleges in India 10206: 10202: 10182: 10101: 10070: 9806: 9675: 9615: 9567: 9519: 9449: 9401:Foreign exchange reserves 9396:Foreign direct investment 9366:Economic Advisory Council 9336: 9313: 9309: 9296: 9220: 9192: 9126: 9113:Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) 9075: 9066: 9011: 9002: 8895: 8891: 8878: 8820: 8772: 8710: 8599: 8511: 8493:Sacred mountains of India 8475: 8447: 8443: 8430: 8391: 8320: 8215: 8182: 8139: 8118: 8065:Indus Valley Civilisation 8050: 7962: 7958: 7945: 7864: 7831: 7799: 7744: 7689: 7680: 7477: 7427: 7351: 7240: 7132: 7038: 7034: 7025: 6894:Natural gas and petroleum 6762: 6753: 6599: 6393: 6389: 6380: 6252: 6243: 6192: 6127: 6095:Bangladesh Liberation War 5986: 5882: 5801: 5797: 5729: 5720: 5667: 5589:Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar 5554:Bankim Chandra Chatterjee 5484: 5423: 5290: 5282:Ghosts in Bengali culture 5101: 4926: 4860: 4816: 4777: 4739: 4706: 4692: 4669: 4630:Communist Party (Marxist) 4591: 4531:Sandakphu (Highest point) 4471: 4458:Bangladesh Liberation War 4306: 4292:Devil's tree (Saptaparni) 4274:White-throated kingfisher 4233: 4218: 4114: 4004: 3981:Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar 3788:Bankim Chandra Chatterjee 3730: 3502:Mandal, Mahitosh (2022). 2879:Khan, Shahadat H (2007). 2612:Sengupta, Nitish (2001). 2439:Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati 2237:Bankim Chandra Chatterjee 2204:Nobel Prize in Literature 1754:of the nineteenth century 1744:Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar 1651:National Library of India 1439: 648:Rock music of West Bengal 162:Bengali Language Movement 9537:Multi Commodity Exchange 9156:Intelligence Bureau (IB) 6664:President Guard Regiment 6174:Bangladesh Rifles revolt 6082:General election in 1970 6027:Prime Minister of Bengal 4635:Indian National Congress 4383:Indian Rebellion of 1857 4256:Banglar Mati Banglar Jol 4164:Visva-Bharati University 4027:Bangiya Sahitya Parishad 3877:Harish Chandra Mukherjee 3863:Mahanambrata Brahmachari 3641:Travers, Robert (2007). 3549:Marshall, P. J. (2006). 2860:(Opinion). Matiur Rahman 2668:Sartori, Andrew (2009). 2437:, Lokenath Brahmachari, 1988:Jnanendra Nath Mukherjee 1842:Visva-Bharati University 1611:Indian Rebellion of 1857 1375:List of rulers of Bengal 946:Eastern Bengal and Assam 748:Group theatre of Kolkata 473:Bangiya Sahitya Parishad 9381:Enforcement Directorate 8842:Indian-origin religions 8833:National parks of India 8642:Highest point by states 8404:Economic liberalisation 7157:Bangladeshi nationalism 6911:Export Processing Zones 5629:Michael Madhusudan Dutt 5265:Pather Panchali (novel) 5183:Prostitution in Kolkata 4651:Assembly constituencies 4616:Human Rights Commission 3971:Ram Chandra Vidyabagish 3881:Ramakrishna Paramahamsa 3813:Michael Madhusudan Dutt 3783:Upendranath Brahmachari 3578:. Academic Publishers. 3521:10.26812/caste.v3i1.367 3297:"Which Way Indian Art?" 3219:3 February 2009 at the 2455:Nigamananda Paramahansa 2287:According to historian 2221:, the national poet of 2062: 2055:. He also invented the 2053:Bengali science fiction 1996:Upendranath Brahmachari 1746:was a prominent Indian 1567:Rokeya Sakhawat Hussain 1534:Rokeya Sakhawat Hussain 10525:Culture of West Bengal 10351:Arts and entertainment 9986:Science and technology 9922:Information technology 9602:Government initiatives 8498:Sacred rivers of India 8488:Sacred groves of India 8042:Science and technology 6669:Special Security Force 6455:Presidential elections 6336:Chittagong Hill Tracts 6129:Republic of Bangladesh 6102:Provisional Government 5883:Classical and Medieval 5441:Economy of West Bengal 5213:Architecture of Bengal 4640:Bharatiya Janata Party 4578:Tiger Hill, Darjeeling 4147:University of Calcutta 3976:Dwarkanath Vidyabhusan 3966:Brahmabandhav Upadhyay 3961:Sitanath Tattwabhushan 2685:Writing Social History 2683:Sarkar, Sumit (1997). 2298: 2170:Calcutta School of Art 2166:Ernest Binfield Havell 2085: 1834:University of Calcutta 1630: 1198:Bengali Muslim wedding 197:Bengali Muslim wedding 10555:20th century in India 10550:19th century in India 10520:Culture of Bangladesh 10308:Socio-economic issues 10256:Law colleges in India 10246:Universities in India 9494:Reserve Bank of India 8297:Independence movement 8095:Indo-Parthian Kingdom 7877:Medieval renaissances 7655:Scientific Revolution 7325:Oriental magpie-robin 6879:Energy and resources: 6657:Village Defence Party 5544:Jagadish Chandra Bose 5166:Rabindra Nritya Natya 4541:Rivers of West Bengal 4433:Bengal famine of 1943 4247:Emblem of West Bengal 4142:Presidency University 4101:Tattwabodhini Patrika 4064:Rabindra Nritya Natya 3991:Paramahansa Yogananda 3906:Akshay Chandra Sarkar 3758:Jagadish Chandra Bose 3143:Laird, M. A. (1972). 2492:Sadharan Brahmo Samaj 2447:Paramahansa Yogananda 2411:Bijoy Krishna Goswami 2331:Paramahansa Yogananda 2293: 2070: 1972:Jagadish Chandra Bose 1864:Jagadish Chandra Bose 1647:Presidency University 1628: 1454:), also known as the 1203:Bengali Hindu wedding 1050:Religious community: 792:Cinema of West Bengal 468:Literary institutions 209:Bengali Hindu wedding 9582:Economic development 9426:Voluntary guidelines 9421:Industrial licensing 8551:Environmental issues 8333:Non-Aligned Movement 8110:Seleucid–Mauryan war 7746:Northern Renaissance 6574:Forced disappearance 6366:World Heritage Sites 5574:Satyendranath Tagore 5569:Abanindranath Tagore 4611:Legislative Assembly 3956:Fanindra Nath Gooptu 3946:Satyendranath Tagore 3763:Subhash Chandra Bose 3674:"Bengal Renaissance" 3672:Copf, David (2012). 3575:Bengal's Renaissance 3458:Kopf, David (1969). 2521:Sri Aurobindo Ashram 2463:Sitaramdas Omkarnath 2178:Abanindranath Tagore 2155:Abanindranath Tagore 2090:Bengal School of Art 1964:Prafulla Chandra Ray 1902:Prafulla Chandra Ray 1528:, poet and musician 1520:, and the physicist 788:Cinema of Bangladesh 603:Shreekrishna Kirtana 403:Shreekrishna Kirtana 371:Bengal School of Art 9344:Ministry of Finance 8348:Indo-Pakistani wars 8292:Partition of Bengal 7699:Bergamo and Brescia 7691:Italian Renaissance 7469:Renaissance studies 6579:Freedom of religion 6546:High Court Division 6445:Election Commission 5579:Satyendranath Dutta 5564:Jnanadanandini Devi 5519:Subhas Chandra Bose 5494:Rabindranath Tagore 5461:Anglo-Indian people 5131:Arts of West Bengal 4862:Presidency division 4741:Jalpaiguri division 4496:North Bengal plains 4159:University of Dhaka 4137:Jadavpur University 3951:Jnanadanandini Devi 3941:Rabindranath Tagore 3936:Debendranath Tagore 3916:Brajendra Nath Seal 3818:Romesh Chunder Dutt 3768:Satyendra Nath Bose 3753:Debendra Mohan Bose 3684:(Second ed.). 3481:Kumar, Raj (2003). 3244:Satyendra Nath Bose 3199:Killingley (2019). 3177:Killingley (2019). 3128:Killingley (2019). 2509:Ramakrishna Mission 2443:Bhaktivinoda Thakur 2403:Debendranath Tagore 2289:Romesh Chunder Dutt 2200:Rabindranath Tagore 2049:Indian subcontinent 1968:Debendra Mohan Bose 1948:Satyendra Nath Bose 1883:Satyendra Nath Bose 1838:University of Dhaka 1826:Jadavpur University 1700:Debendranath Tagore 1684:civilising missions 1606:Regulating Act 1773 1551:Satyendra Nath Bose 1547:Rabindranath Tagore 1522:Satyendra Nath Bose 1518:Rabindranath Tagore 1484:Rabindranath Tagore 1456:Bengali Renaissance 1368:Bengali nationalism 1323:Chingri malai curry 875:Part of a series on 563:Maimansingha Gitika 10505:Bengal Renaissance 10313:Standard of living 10003:Telecommunications 9520:Financial services 9441:Atmanirbhar Bharat 9361:Finance Commission 8526:Biosphere reserves 8282:Bengal Renaissance 8270:Commander-in-Chief 8235:East India Company 7817:Spanish Golden Age 7457:Northern Mannerism 7250:Amar Shonar Bangla 6966:Telecommunications 6072:Six point movement 6017:Bengal Renaissance 5997:Portuguese Bengala 5902:Classical empires: 5659:Nihar Ranjan Gupta 5584:Raja Ram Mohan Roy 5559:Sarat Chandra Bose 5529:Bidhan Chandra Roy 5230:Bengali literature 5111:Bengal Renaissance 4818:Medinipur division 4388:Bengal Renaissance 4363:East India Company 4122:Chittagong College 4012:Bengali literature 3931:Haraprasad Shastri 3926:Keshub Chandra Sen 3921:Girish Chandra Sen 3911:Mahendralal Sarkar 3896:Raja Ram Mohan Roy 3868:Ashutosh Mukherjee 3798:Akshay Kumar Datta 3724:Bengal Renaissance 3622:Sen, Amit (2011). 3427:pp. 161–172. 3332:The New York Times 3214:A versatile genius 2407:Keshab Chandra Sen 2267:. You can help by 2248:Bengali literature 2147:Indian nationalism 2113:. You can help by 2086: 1976:Jnan Chandra Ghosh 1952:Ashutosh Mukherjee 1926:. You can help by 1814:Chittagong College 1726:women's liberation 1643:Raja Ram Mohan Roy 1631: 1451:Bāṅlār Nôbôjāgôrôṇ 1432:Bengal Renaissance 1390:Greater Bangladesh 1300:Bengal Renaissance 413:Vaishnava Padavali 393:Bengal Renaissance 90:Bengali Christians 10560:National revivals 10535:Bengal Presidency 10515:Culture of Bengal 10492: 10491: 10488: 10487: 10484: 10483: 10178: 10177: 10174: 10173: 9723:Jammu and Kashmir 9349:Finance ministers 9292: 9291: 9288: 9287: 9280:Women in politics 9255:Political parties 9188: 9187: 9184: 9183: 8994:Chief Secretaries 8967:State governments 8962:Cabinet Secretary 8915:Foreign relations 8874: 8873: 8870: 8869: 8426: 8425: 8422: 8421: 8414:COVID-19 pandemic 8287:Political reforms 7907: 7906: 7827: 7826: 7800:Iberian peninsula 7567:Italian sculpture 7387: 7386: 7347: 7346: 7343: 7342: 7080:Human trafficking 7021: 7020: 6842:Bangladeshi taka 6749: 6748: 6745: 6744: 6518:Upazila Parishads 6508:City corporations 6467:Foreign relations 6462:Political parties 6450:General elections 6376: 6375: 6239: 6238: 6235: 6234: 6062:Language Movement 6042:Direct Action Day 6032:Lahore Resolution 5976:Battle of Plassey 5890:Founding kingdom: 5676: 5675: 5614:Dwarkanath Tagore 5604:Swami Vivekananda 5504:Kazi Nazrul Islam 5320:Bengal Patachitra 5305:Banglar Rosogolla 5116:Bengali calendars 5013:Jaynagar Majilpur 4922: 4921: 4914:South 24 Parganas 4897:North 24 Parganas 4842:Paschim Medinipur 4726:Paschim Bardhaman 4621:Political parties 4583:Siliguri Corridor 4556:Brahmaputra River 4438:Direct Action Day 4373:Bengal Presidency 4368:Battle of Plassey 4343:Cooch Behar State 4338:Mallabhum kingdom 4177: 4176: 4054:Mahanam Sampraday 3986:Swami Vivekananda 3873:Kalikrishna Mitra 3853:Kazi Nazrul Islam 3843:Aghore Nath Gupta 3828:Kadambini Ganguly 3633:978-1-179-50139-0 3585:978-81-87504-18-4 3494:978-81-7141-689-9 3473:978-0-520-00665-2 3405:978-1-4331-0820-4 3181:. pp. 41–42. 3068:978-0-691-03125-5 2988:(37): 4329–4338. 2945:978-0-19-563696-3 2914:978-0-19-879083-9 2838:978-81-7824-177-7 2823:Dasgupta, Subrata 2623:978-81-7476-355-6 2568:978-81-8400-183-9 2555:Dasgupta, Subrata 2504:Mahanam Sampraday 2427:Swami Vivekananda 2317:Swami Vivekananda 2285: 2284: 2219:Kazi Nazrul Islam 2174:Mughal miniatures 2131: 2130: 1992:Sisir Kumar Mitra 1944: 1943: 1887:quantum mechanics 1870:of radio science. 1675:Battle of Plassey 1665:was the base for 1635:Bengal Presidency 1559:Kazi Nazrul Islam 1530:Kazi Nazrul Islam 1526:Suhrawardy family 1514:Raja Rammohan Roy 1476:Raja Rammohan Roy 1472:Battle of Plassey 1448: 1428: 1427: 1305:Amar Sonar Bangla 936:Bengal Presidency 870: 869: 623:Bishnupur Gharana 618:Classical genres 498:Rabindra Puraskar 314:Kolkata Book Fair 309:Ekushey Book Fair 85:Bengali Buddhists 35:Culture of Bengal 10567: 10447:Physical culture 10268:Ethnic relations 10204: 10203: 10184: 10183: 10166:Mumbai Consensus 9718:Himachal Pradesh 9607:Numbering system 9597:Green revolution 9472:Historical Forex 9311: 9310: 9298: 9297: 9270:Scheduled groups 9073: 9072: 9009: 9008: 8893: 8892: 8880: 8879: 8862:Tourism in India 8857:History of India 8852:Culture of India 8462:Geology of India 8445: 8444: 8432: 8431: 8363:Naxal Insurgency 8358:White Revolution 8353:Green Revolution 7960: 7959: 7947: 7946: 7934: 7927: 7920: 7911: 7910: 7872:Cloak and dagger 7687: 7686: 7557:Italian painting 7447:High Renaissance 7414: 7407: 7400: 7391: 7390: 7367: 7360: 7036: 7035: 7032: 7031: 6904:Renewable energy 6850:Financial system 6845: 6837: 6834:Bangladesh Bank 6824:Finance sectors: 6760: 6759: 6561:Attorney General 6501:Local government 6482: 6472:Foreign policies 6391: 6390: 6387: 6386: 6277:Cities and towns 6250: 6249: 6184:Protests in 2013 6179:Battle of Begums 5990:and Pakistan era 5971:Nawabs of Bengal 5944:Bengal Sultanate 5799: 5798: 5727: 5726: 5703: 5696: 5689: 5680: 5679: 5335:Dhaniakhali Sari 5245:Professor Shonku 5240:Lalmohan Ganguly 5225:Bengali language 5161:Rabindra Sangeet 5018:Jiaganj Azimganj 4787:Dakshin Dinajpur 4708:Burdwan division 4704: 4703: 4679:Matua Mahasangha 4423:Anushilan Samiti 4358:Nawabs of Bengal 4204: 4197: 4190: 4181: 4180: 4074:Sambad Prabhakar 4069:Rabindra Sangeet 3886:Gour Govinda Ray 3773:Madhusudan Gupta 3717: 3710: 3703: 3694: 3693: 3689: 3660: 3637: 3618: 3601: 3599: 3597: 3568: 3545: 3543: 3541: 3523: 3498: 3477: 3465: 3454: 3417:Literary Compass 3409: 3381: 3380: 3362: 3356: 3355: 3353: 3351: 3323: 3317: 3316: 3314: 3312: 3292: 3286: 3285: 3283: 3281: 3262: 3256: 3255: 3239: 3233: 3211: 3205: 3204: 3196: 3183: 3182: 3174: 3168: 3167: 3155: 3149: 3148: 3140: 3134: 3133: 3125: 3106: 3105: 3079: 3073: 3072: 3051: 3045: 3044: 3036: 3030: 3029: 3019: 3013: 3012: 3004: 2998: 2997: 2977: 2968: 2967: 2959: 2950: 2949: 2928: 2919: 2918: 2900: 2885: 2884: 2876: 2870: 2869: 2867: 2865: 2849: 2843: 2842: 2819: 2813: 2812: 2810: 2808: 2802: 2779: 2770: 2764: 2763: 2740:Social Scientist 2735: 2724: 2723: 2700:Social Scientist 2695: 2689: 2688: 2680: 2674: 2673: 2665: 2659: 2658: 2656: 2654: 2634: 2628: 2627: 2609: 2603: 2602: 2600: 2593: 2582: 2573: 2572: 2551: 2514:Ramakrishna Math 2487:Adi Brahmo Samaj 2385: 2371: 2357: 2341: 2327: 2313: 2280: 2277: 2259: 2252: 2233: 2215: 2196: 2126: 2123: 2105: 2098: 2025:, and writer of 1939: 1936: 1918: 1911: 1898: 1879: 1860: 1740: 1718: 1486:," Asia's first 1453: 1443: 1441: 1420: 1413: 1406: 979:Bengali homeland 926:Bengal Sultanate 891: 872: 871: 862: 855: 848: 668:Dwijendralal Ray 658:Rabindra Sangeet 643:Bangladeshi rock 120:List of Bengalis 46: 37: 21: 20: 10575: 10574: 10570: 10569: 10568: 10566: 10565: 10564: 10530:Hindu movements 10495: 10494: 10493: 10480: 10452:Public holidays 10337: 10283:Life expectancy 10198: 10197: 10170: 10097: 10066: 9971:Pharmaceuticals 9802: 9671: 9611: 9577:COVID-19 impact 9563: 9515: 9445: 9332: 9305: 9284: 9216: 9180: 9122: 9062: 9058:District Courts 8998: 8989:Chief Ministers 8887: 8866: 8816: 8768: 8706: 8680:Western coastal 8675:Eastern coastal 8662:Mountain passes 8595: 8581:Protected areas 8507: 8503:Stones of India 8471: 8439: 8418: 8387: 8373:Space programme 8343:Sino-Indian War 8338:Five-Year Plans 8316: 8211: 8178: 8169:Delhi Sultanate 8135: 8126:Middle kingdoms 8119:Middle Kingdoms 8114: 8046: 7954: 7941: 7938: 7908: 7903: 7860: 7823: 7795: 7740: 7676: 7589:Northern Europe 7473: 7423: 7418: 7388: 7383: 7370: 7363: 7356: 7339: 7310:National Emblem 7280:Government Seal 7236: 7202:Public holidays 7128: 7017: 6956:Infrastructure: 6857:Stock Exchange: 6843: 6835: 6741: 6595: 6480: 6372: 6257:Administrative: 6231: 6188: 6123: 6012:Sepoy Rebellion 6002:British Bengal: 5982: 5934:Delhi Sultanate 5878: 5793: 5716: 5707: 5677: 5672: 5663: 5639:Sister Nivedita 5509:Anil Kumar Gain 5480: 5419: 5405:Sundarban Honey 5395:Shantipuri sari 5286: 5188:Pohela Boishakh 5097: 4929: 4918: 4856: 4847:Purba Medinipur 4812: 4773: 4735: 4731:Purba Bardhaman 4697: 4688: 4665: 4656:CID West Bengal 4601:Chief Ministers 4587: 4467: 4302: 4229: 4214: 4208: 4178: 4173: 4152:Bethune College 4110: 4089:Yogoda Satsanga 4000: 3833:Monomohun Ghose 3823:Anil Kumar Gain 3748:Rajnarayan Basu 3743:Atul Prasad Sen 3726: 3721: 3668: 3663: 3657: 3634: 3595: 3593: 3586: 3565: 3539: 3537: 3495: 3474: 3451: 3413:Fraser, Bashabi 3406: 3389: 3387:Further reading 3384: 3377: 3363: 3359: 3349: 3347: 3324: 3320: 3310: 3308: 3301:chitralekha.org 3293: 3289: 3279: 3277: 3266:"Bengal School" 3264: 3263: 3259: 3240: 3236: 3221:Wayback Machine 3212: 3208: 3197: 3186: 3175: 3171: 3156: 3152: 3141: 3137: 3126: 3109: 3102: 3080: 3076: 3069: 3052: 3048: 3037: 3033: 3020: 3016: 3005: 3001: 2978: 2971: 2960: 2953: 2946: 2929: 2922: 2915: 2901: 2888: 2877: 2873: 2863: 2861: 2850: 2846: 2839: 2820: 2816: 2806: 2804: 2800: 2777: 2771: 2767: 2752:10.2307/3520213 2736: 2727: 2712:10.2307/3517400 2696: 2692: 2681: 2677: 2666: 2662: 2652: 2650: 2635: 2631: 2624: 2610: 2606: 2598: 2591: 2583: 2576: 2569: 2552: 2545: 2541: 2451:Lahiri Mahasaya 2395: 2394: 2393: 2392: 2391: 2389:Lahiri Mahasaya 2386: 2378: 2377: 2372: 2364: 2363: 2358: 2349: 2348: 2347: 2342: 2334: 2333: 2328: 2320: 2319: 2314: 2303: 2281: 2275: 2272: 2265:needs expansion 2250: 2244: 2243: 2242: 2241: 2240: 2234: 2226: 2225: 2216: 2208: 2207: 2197: 2186: 2139:Indian painting 2137:and a style of 2127: 2121: 2118: 2111:needs expansion 2096: 2094:Music of Bengal 2088:Main articles: 2082:Parallel Cinema 2077:Pather Panchali 2065: 2027:science fiction 1956:Anil Kumar Gain 1940: 1934: 1931: 1924:needs expansion 1909: 1908: 1907: 1906: 1905: 1899: 1891: 1890: 1880: 1872: 1871: 1866:was one of the 1861: 1850: 1759: 1758: 1757: 1756: 1755: 1752:social reformer 1741: 1733: 1732: 1719: 1708: 1671:Nawab of Bengal 1663:Bengal Province 1623: 1582:Bengal Province 1542: 1480:Nitish Sengupta 1424: 1395: 1394: 1370: 1360: 1359: 1265: 1264:Bengali symbols 1257: 1256: 1148:Science fiction 1106: 1104:Bengali culture 1096: 1095: 1026: 1016: 1015: 981: 971: 970: 966:Names of Bengal 901: 899:Bengali history 866: 837: 836: 807: 806: 797: 796: 790: 783: 782: 773: 772: 768:Gerasim Lebedev 531: 529: 528: 526:performing arts 513: 512: 508:Ananda Puraskar 493:Literary awards 453:Folk literature 448:Science fiction 388: 387: 376: 375: 356: 355: 346: 345: 324:Pohela Boishakh 299: 298: 282: 281: 277:Thakurmar Jhuli 272: 242: 239: 238: 226: 225: 192: 191: 182: 181: 137: 136: 125: 124: 75:Bengali Muslims 65: 64: 33: 17: 12: 11: 5: 10573: 10563: 10562: 10557: 10552: 10547: 10542: 10537: 10532: 10527: 10522: 10517: 10512: 10507: 10490: 10489: 10486: 10485: 10482: 10481: 10479: 10478: 10477: 10476: 10466: 10465: 10464: 10454: 10449: 10444: 10439: 10434: 10429: 10428: 10427: 10417: 10412: 10407: 10402: 10397: 10392: 10391: 10390: 10380: 10379: 10378: 10368: 10363: 10358: 10353: 10347: 10345: 10339: 10338: 10336: 10335: 10330: 10325: 10320: 10315: 10310: 10305: 10300: 10295: 10290: 10285: 10280: 10275: 10270: 10265: 10264: 10263: 10258: 10253: 10248: 10238: 10237: 10236: 10226: 10221: 10216: 10210: 10208: 10200: 10199: 10196: 10195: 10188: 10180: 10179: 10176: 10175: 10172: 10171: 10169: 10168: 10163: 10158: 10153: 10148: 10143: 10141:Income Tax Act 10138: 10133: 10128: 10123: 10118: 10117: 10116: 10105: 10103: 10099: 10098: 10096: 10095: 10090: 10085: 10080: 10074: 10072: 10068: 10067: 10065: 10064: 10063: 10062: 10057: 10052: 10047: 10042: 10037: 10032: 10031: 10030: 10015: 10010: 10005: 10000: 9995: 9994: 9993: 9983: 9978: 9976:Pulp and paper 9973: 9968: 9967: 9966: 9964:Iron and Steel 9961: 9951: 9950: 9949: 9944: 9939: 9934: 9924: 9919: 9918: 9917: 9907: 9902: 9897: 9892: 9887: 9886: 9885: 9884: 9883: 9878: 9873: 9868: 9853: 9848: 9843: 9838: 9833: 9828: 9827: 9826: 9821: 9810: 9808: 9804: 9803: 9801: 9800: 9795: 9790: 9785: 9780: 9775: 9770: 9765: 9760: 9755: 9750: 9748:Madhya Pradesh 9745: 9740: 9735: 9730: 9725: 9720: 9715: 9710: 9705: 9700: 9695: 9690: 9685: 9683:Andhra Pradesh 9679: 9677: 9673: 9672: 9670: 9669: 9668: 9667: 9662: 9657: 9647: 9642: 9641: 9640: 9630: 9625: 9619: 9617: 9613: 9612: 9610: 9609: 9604: 9599: 9594: 9589: 9587:Liberalisation 9584: 9579: 9573: 9571: 9565: 9564: 9562: 9561: 9560: 9559: 9554: 9544: 9539: 9534: 9529: 9523: 9521: 9517: 9516: 9514: 9513: 9508: 9507: 9506: 9501: 9491: 9490: 9489: 9484: 9479: 9474: 9469: 9464: 9453: 9451: 9447: 9446: 9444: 9443: 9438: 9433: 9428: 9423: 9418: 9413: 9408: 9403: 9398: 9393: 9388: 9383: 9378: 9373: 9368: 9363: 9358: 9353: 9352: 9351: 9340: 9338: 9334: 9333: 9331: 9330: 9325: 9319: 9317: 9307: 9306: 9294: 9293: 9290: 9289: 9286: 9285: 9283: 9282: 9277: 9272: 9267: 9262: 9257: 9252: 9247: 9242: 9237: 9232: 9226: 9224: 9218: 9217: 9215: 9214: 9209: 9204: 9198: 9196: 9190: 9189: 9186: 9185: 9182: 9181: 9179: 9178: 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9153: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9132: 9130: 9124: 9123: 9121: 9120: 9115: 9110: 9105: 9100: 9095: 9090: 9085: 9079: 9077: 9070: 9064: 9063: 9061: 9060: 9055: 9050: 9045: 9040: 9039: 9038: 9028: 9023: 9018: 9012: 9006: 9000: 8999: 8997: 8996: 8991: 8986: 8981: 8980: 8979: 8974: 8964: 8959: 8957:Civil Services 8954: 8949: 8947:Prime Minister 8944: 8942:Vice President 8939: 8934: 8933: 8932: 8927: 8917: 8912: 8907: 8901: 8899: 8889: 8888: 8876: 8875: 8872: 8871: 8868: 8867: 8865: 8864: 8859: 8854: 8849: 8844: 8838:Nature worship 8835: 8830: 8824: 8822: 8818: 8817: 8815: 8814: 8809: 8807:Municipalities 8804: 8799: 8794: 8789: 8784: 8778: 8776: 8770: 8769: 8767: 8766: 8761: 8760: 8759: 8754: 8744: 8739: 8738: 8737: 8727: 8722: 8716: 8714: 8708: 8707: 8705: 8704: 8699: 8694: 8689: 8684: 8683: 8682: 8677: 8672: 8664: 8659: 8654: 8649: 8644: 8639: 8634: 8632:Extreme points 8629: 8624: 8619: 8614: 8609: 8603: 8601: 8597: 8596: 8594: 8593: 8588: 8583: 8578: 8576:National parks 8573: 8568: 8563: 8558: 8553: 8548: 8543: 8538: 8536:Climate change 8533: 8528: 8523: 8517: 8515: 8509: 8508: 8506: 8505: 8500: 8495: 8490: 8485: 8479: 8477: 8473: 8472: 8470: 8469: 8464: 8459: 8453: 8451: 8441: 8440: 8428: 8427: 8424: 8423: 8420: 8419: 8417: 8416: 8411: 8406: 8401: 8395: 8393: 8389: 8388: 8386: 8385: 8380: 8375: 8370: 8368:Smiling Buddha 8365: 8360: 8355: 8350: 8345: 8340: 8335: 8330: 8324: 8322: 8318: 8317: 8315: 8314: 8309: 8304: 8299: 8294: 8289: 8284: 8279: 8274: 8273: 8272: 8262: 8257: 8252: 8247: 8245:1857 rebellion 8242: 8237: 8232: 8230:Princely state 8227: 8221: 8219: 8213: 8212: 8210: 8209: 8204: 8202:European trade 8199: 8194: 8188: 8186: 8180: 8179: 8177: 8176: 8171: 8166: 8161: 8156: 8151: 8149:Medieval India 8145: 8143: 8137: 8136: 8134: 8133: 8128: 8122: 8120: 8116: 8115: 8113: 8112: 8107: 8102: 8097: 8092: 8087: 8085:Yavana Kingdom 8082: 8077: 8072: 8067: 8062: 8056: 8054: 8048: 8047: 8045: 8044: 8039: 8034: 8032:Paper currency 8029: 8024: 8019: 8014: 8009: 8004: 7999: 7994: 7989: 7984: 7978: 7977: 7972: 7966: 7964: 7956: 7955: 7943: 7942: 7937: 7936: 7929: 7922: 7914: 7905: 7904: 7902: 7901: 7896: 7895: 7894: 7889: 7884: 7874: 7868: 7866: 7862: 7861: 7859: 7858: 7853: 7848: 7843: 7837: 7835: 7829: 7828: 7825: 7824: 7822: 7821: 7820: 7819: 7809: 7803: 7801: 7797: 7796: 7794: 7793: 7788: 7783: 7778: 7777: 7776: 7771: 7761: 7756: 7750: 7748: 7742: 7741: 7739: 7738: 7733: 7728: 7723: 7722: 7721: 7711: 7706: 7701: 7695: 7693: 7684: 7678: 7677: 7675: 7674: 7669: 7664: 7659: 7658: 7657: 7647: 7646: 7645: 7635: 7630: 7625: 7620: 7619: 7618: 7613: 7608: 7598: 7593: 7592: 7591: 7586: 7576: 7571: 7570: 7569: 7564: 7559: 7554: 7549: 7539: 7538: 7537: 7532: 7527: 7522: 7517: 7512: 7507: 7502: 7497: 7492: 7481: 7479: 7475: 7474: 7472: 7471: 7466: 7461: 7460: 7459: 7449: 7444: 7439: 7433: 7431: 7425: 7424: 7417: 7416: 7409: 7402: 7394: 7385: 7384: 7382: 7381: 7376: 7369: 7368: 7361: 7353: 7352: 7349: 7348: 7345: 7344: 7341: 7340: 7338: 7337: 7332: 7327: 7322: 7317: 7312: 7307: 7302: 7297: 7292: 7287: 7282: 7277: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7257: 7252: 7246: 7244: 7238: 7237: 7235: 7234: 7229: 7224: 7219: 7217:Radio stations 7214: 7209: 7204: 7199: 7194: 7189: 7187:Bengal studies 7184: 7179: 7174: 7169: 7164: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7144: 7138: 7136: 7130: 7129: 7127: 7126: 7121: 7116: 7111: 7106: 7105: 7104: 7099: 7089: 7088: 7087: 7082: 7077: 7067: 7066: 7065: 7060: 7050: 7044: 7042: 7029: 7023: 7022: 7019: 7018: 7016: 7015: 7014: 7013: 7008: 7003: 6998: 6993: 6980: 6979: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6963: 6953: 6948: 6943: 6938: 6937: 6936: 6931: 6926: 6913: 6908: 6907: 6906: 6901: 6899:Nuclear energy 6896: 6891: 6886: 6876: 6875: 6874: 6869: 6864: 6854: 6853: 6852: 6847: 6839: 6836:(central bank) 6831: 6821: 6820: 6819: 6817:Tea production 6814: 6809: 6804: 6799: 6797:Pharmaceutical 6794: 6789: 6784: 6779: 6769: 6763: 6757: 6751: 6750: 6747: 6746: 6743: 6742: 6740: 6739: 6738: 6737: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6717: 6712: 6701: 6700: 6699: 6697:Special Branch 6694: 6689: 6684: 6672: 6671: 6666: 6661: 6660: 6659: 6654: 6649: 6644: 6633: 6632: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6609: 6607: 6597: 6596: 6594: 6593: 6592: 6591: 6586: 6581: 6576: 6565: 6564: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6527: 6526: 6525: 6523:Union councils 6520: 6515: 6513:Municipalities 6510: 6497: 6496: 6495: 6490: 6488:Constituencies 6478:Jatiya Sangsad 6474: 6469: 6464: 6459: 6458: 6457: 6452: 6447: 6436: 6435: 6434: 6429: 6428: 6427: 6420:Prime Minister 6417: 6416: 6415: 6399: 6397: 6384: 6378: 6377: 6374: 6373: 6371: 6370: 6369: 6368: 6363: 6358: 6353: 6348: 6343: 6338: 6333: 6328: 6318: 6317: 6316: 6311: 6309:National parks 6306: 6301: 6296: 6286: 6281: 6280: 6279: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6253: 6247: 6241: 6240: 6237: 6236: 6233: 6232: 6230: 6229: 6224: 6219: 6214: 6209: 6204: 6198: 6196: 6190: 6189: 6187: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6160: 6159: 6154: 6149: 6142:Military coups 6139: 6137:Famine of 1974 6133: 6131: 6125: 6124: 6122: 6121: 6120: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6091: 6090: 6089: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6051: 6050: 6049: 6044: 6039: 6037:Famine of 1943 6034: 6029: 6024: 6019: 6014: 6009: 6007:Famine of 1770 5999: 5993: 5991: 5984: 5983: 5981: 5980: 5979: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5961:Mughal period: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5947: 5946: 5941: 5939:Khalji dynasty 5936: 5931: 5929:Islamic rulers 5921: 5920: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5899: 5898: 5897: 5886: 5884: 5880: 5879: 5877: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5851: 5846: 5841: 5836: 5831: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5805: 5803: 5795: 5794: 5792: 5791: 5786: 5781: 5776: 5775: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5759: 5754: 5741: 5736: 5730: 5724: 5718: 5717: 5706: 5705: 5698: 5691: 5683: 5674: 5673: 5668: 5665: 5664: 5662: 5661: 5656: 5651: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5601: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5490: 5488: 5482: 5481: 5479: 5478: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5433: 5431:Bengali people 5427: 5425: 5421: 5420: 5418: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5402: 5397: 5392: 5387: 5382: 5377: 5372: 5367: 5365:Jaynagarer Moa 5362: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5330:Darjeeling tea 5327: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5310:Banglar Muslin 5307: 5302: 5300:Baluchari sari 5296: 5294: 5288: 5287: 5285: 5284: 5279: 5274: 5272:Bengali cinema 5269: 5268: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5227: 5222: 5221: 5220: 5218:Bengal temples 5210: 5205: 5203:Raksha Bandhan 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5179: 5178: 5168: 5163: 5158: 5153: 5148: 5143: 5138: 5133: 5128: 5123: 5118: 5113: 5107: 5105: 5099: 5098: 5096: 5095: 5090: 5085: 5080: 5075: 5070: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5015: 5010: 5005: 5000: 4995: 4990: 4985: 4980: 4978:Hugli-Chuchura 4975: 4970: 4965: 4960: 4955: 4950: 4945: 4940: 4934: 4932: 4924: 4923: 4920: 4919: 4917: 4916: 4911: 4905: 4899: 4894: 4889: 4884: 4878: 4873: 4866: 4864: 4858: 4857: 4855: 4854: 4849: 4844: 4839: 4834: 4828: 4822: 4820: 4814: 4813: 4811: 4810: 4808:Uttar Dinajpur 4805: 4800: 4795: 4789: 4783: 4781: 4779:Malda division 4775: 4774: 4772: 4771: 4766: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4745: 4743: 4737: 4736: 4734: 4733: 4728: 4723: 4718: 4712: 4710: 4701: 4690: 4689: 4687: 4686: 4681: 4675: 4673: 4667: 4666: 4664: 4663: 4661:Kolkata Police 4658: 4653: 4648: 4643: 4637: 4632: 4627: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4597: 4595: 4589: 4588: 4586: 4585: 4580: 4575: 4570: 4569: 4568: 4563: 4558: 4553: 4548: 4538: 4533: 4528: 4523: 4518: 4513: 4508: 4503: 4498: 4493: 4488: 4483: 4477: 4475: 4469: 4468: 4466: 4465: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4445: 4443:Noakhali riots 4440: 4435: 4430: 4425: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4365: 4360: 4355: 4350: 4348:Sher Shah Suri 4345: 4340: 4335: 4330: 4325: 4324: 4323: 4312: 4310: 4304: 4303: 4301: 4300: 4294: 4285: 4276: 4267: 4258: 4249: 4239: 4237: 4231: 4230: 4219: 4216: 4215: 4207: 4206: 4199: 4192: 4184: 4175: 4174: 4172: 4171: 4166: 4161: 4156: 4155: 4154: 4144: 4139: 4134: 4129: 4124: 4118: 4116: 4112: 4111: 4109: 4108: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4092: 4091: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4066: 4061: 4056: 4051: 4046: 4045: 4044: 4034: 4029: 4024: 4019: 4017:Bengali poetry 4014: 4008: 4006: 4002: 4001: 3999: 3998: 3993: 3988: 3983: 3978: 3973: 3968: 3963: 3958: 3953: 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Nabu Press. 3619: 3602: 3584: 3569: 3564:978-0521028226 3563: 3546: 3499: 3493: 3478: 3472: 3455: 3450:978-8185002071 3449: 3436: 3410: 3404: 3398:. Peter Lang. 3390: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3382: 3375: 3357: 3318: 3287: 3257: 3234: 3206: 3184: 3169: 3150: 3135: 3107: 3101:978-0198790839 3100: 3074: 3067: 3046: 3031: 3014: 2999: 2969: 2951: 2944: 2920: 2913: 2886: 2871: 2844: 2837: 2814: 2765: 2746:(4/6): 16–37. 2725: 2690: 2675: 2660: 2629: 2622: 2604: 2574: 2567: 2542: 2540: 2537: 2536: 2535: 2534: 2533: 2523: 2518: 2517: 2516: 2506: 2501: 2496: 2495: 2494: 2489: 2387: 2380: 2379: 2373: 2366: 2365: 2359: 2352: 2351: 2350: 2343: 2336: 2335: 2329: 2322: 2321: 2315: 2308: 2307: 2306: 2305: 2304: 2302: 2299: 2283: 2282: 2262: 2260: 2246:Main article: 2235: 2228: 2227: 2217: 2210: 2209: 2198: 2191: 2190: 2189: 2188: 2187: 2185: 2182: 2129: 2128: 2108: 2106: 2064: 2061: 1942: 1941: 1921: 1919: 1900: 1893: 1892: 1881: 1874: 1873: 1862: 1855: 1854: 1853: 1852: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1806:Radhakanta Deb 1742: 1735: 1734: 1720: 1713: 1712: 1711: 1710: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1622: 1619: 1541: 1538: 1510:Bengali Hindus 1488:Nobel laureate 1440:বাংলার নবজাগরণ 1426: 1425: 1423: 1422: 1415: 1408: 1400: 1397: 1396: 1393: 1392: 1387: 1382: 1377: 1371: 1366: 1365: 1362: 1361: 1358: 1357: 1352: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1336: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1320: 1314:Fish and rice 1312: 1307: 1302: 1297: 1292: 1287: 1282: 1277: 1272: 1266: 1263: 1262: 1259: 1258: 1255: 1254: 1253: 1252: 1247: 1242: 1237: 1229: 1224: 1223: 1222: 1212: 1207: 1206: 1205: 1200: 1192: 1187: 1186: 1185: 1180: 1172: 1167: 1162: 1161: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1135: 1134: 1133: 1128: 1123: 1113: 1107: 1102: 1101: 1098: 1097: 1094: 1093: 1092: 1091: 1086: 1078: 1073: 1072: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1056: 1048: 1047: 1046: 1041: 1036: 1030:Social group: 1027: 1024:Bengali people 1022: 1021: 1018: 1017: 1014: 1013: 1008: 1003: 998: 993: 988: 982: 977: 976: 973: 972: 969: 968: 963: 958: 953: 948: 943: 938: 933: 928: 923: 918: 913: 908: 902: 897: 896: 893: 892: 884: 883: 877: 876: 868: 867: 865: 864: 857: 850: 842: 839: 838: 835: 834: 829: 824: 819: 814: 808: 804: 803: 802: 799: 798: 795: 794: 784: 780: 779: 778: 775: 774: 771: 770: 761: 760: 753:Organizations 751: 750: 745: 736: 735: 730: 721: 720: 715: 710: 705: 700: 691: 690: 685: 680: 675: 670: 665: 660: 651: 650: 645: 640: 633:Modern genres 631: 630: 628:Maihar gharana 625: 616: 615: 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 585: 580: 575: 566: 565: 560: 555: 550: 545: 540: 538:Agamani-Vijaya 530: 520: 519: 518: 515: 514: 511: 510: 505: 500: 495: 486: 485: 483:Bangla Academy 480: 475: 470: 461: 460: 455: 450: 445: 440: 431: 430: 425: 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 395: 389: 383: 382: 381: 378: 377: 374: 373: 368: 363: 357: 353: 352: 351: 348: 347: 344: 343: 338: 337: 336: 326: 321: 316: 311: 306: 300: 296: 295: 294: 291: 290: 284: 283: 280: 279: 269: 268: 263: 258: 253: 248: 240: 234:Mythology and 233: 232: 231: 228: 227: 224: 223: 218: 217: 216: 206: 205: 204: 193: 189: 188: 187: 184: 183: 180: 179: 174: 169: 164: 159: 154: 149: 144: 138: 132: 131: 130: 127: 126: 123: 122: 117: 112: 107: 102: 97: 92: 87: 82: 80:Bengali Hindus 77: 72: 66: 60: 59: 58: 55: 54: 48: 47: 39: 38: 30: 29: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10572: 10561: 10558: 10556: 10553: 10551: 10548: 10546: 10543: 10541: 10538: 10536: 10533: 10531: 10528: 10526: 10523: 10521: 10518: 10516: 10513: 10511: 10508: 10506: 10503: 10502: 10500: 10475: 10472: 10471: 10470: 10467: 10463: 10460: 10459: 10458: 10455: 10453: 10450: 10448: 10445: 10443: 10440: 10438: 10435: 10433: 10430: 10426: 10423: 10422: 10421: 10418: 10416: 10413: 10411: 10408: 10406: 10403: 10401: 10398: 10396: 10393: 10389: 10386: 10385: 10384: 10381: 10377: 10374: 10373: 10372: 10369: 10367: 10364: 10362: 10359: 10357: 10354: 10352: 10349: 10348: 10346: 10344: 10340: 10334: 10331: 10329: 10326: 10324: 10321: 10319: 10316: 10314: 10311: 10309: 10306: 10304: 10301: 10299: 10296: 10294: 10291: 10289: 10286: 10284: 10281: 10279: 10276: 10274: 10271: 10269: 10266: 10262: 10259: 10257: 10254: 10252: 10249: 10247: 10244: 10243: 10242: 10239: 10235: 10232: 10231: 10230: 10227: 10225: 10222: 10220: 10217: 10215: 10212: 10211: 10209: 10205: 10201: 10194: 10190: 10189: 10185: 10181: 10167: 10164: 10162: 10159: 10157: 10156:Insurance Act 10154: 10152: 10149: 10147: 10146:Companies Act 10144: 10142: 10139: 10137: 10134: 10132: 10129: 10127: 10124: 10122: 10119: 10115: 10112: 10111: 10110: 10107: 10106: 10104: 10100: 10094: 10091: 10089: 10086: 10084: 10081: 10079: 10076: 10075: 10073: 10069: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10043: 10041: 10038: 10036: 10033: 10029: 10026: 10025: 10024: 10021: 10020: 10019: 10016: 10014: 10011: 10009: 10006: 10004: 10001: 9999: 9996: 9992: 9991:Biotechnology 9989: 9988: 9987: 9984: 9982: 9979: 9977: 9974: 9972: 9969: 9965: 9962: 9960: 9957: 9956: 9955: 9952: 9948: 9945: 9943: 9940: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9930: 9929: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9916: 9913: 9912: 9911: 9908: 9906: 9903: 9901: 9898: 9896: 9895:Entertainment 9893: 9891: 9888: 9882: 9879: 9877: 9874: 9872: 9869: 9867: 9864: 9863: 9862: 9859: 9858: 9857: 9854: 9852: 9849: 9847: 9844: 9842: 9839: 9837: 9834: 9832: 9829: 9825: 9822: 9820: 9817: 9816: 9815: 9812: 9811: 9809: 9805: 9799: 9796: 9794: 9793:Uttar Pradesh 9791: 9789: 9786: 9784: 9781: 9779: 9776: 9774: 9771: 9769: 9766: 9764: 9761: 9759: 9756: 9754: 9751: 9749: 9746: 9744: 9741: 9739: 9736: 9734: 9731: 9729: 9726: 9724: 9721: 9719: 9716: 9714: 9711: 9709: 9706: 9704: 9701: 9699: 9696: 9694: 9691: 9689: 9686: 9684: 9681: 9680: 9678: 9674: 9666: 9663: 9661: 9658: 9656: 9653: 9652: 9651: 9648: 9646: 9643: 9639: 9636: 9635: 9634: 9631: 9629: 9626: 9624: 9621: 9620: 9618: 9614: 9608: 9605: 9603: 9600: 9598: 9595: 9593: 9590: 9588: 9585: 9583: 9580: 9578: 9575: 9574: 9572: 9570: 9566: 9558: 9555: 9553: 9550: 9549: 9548: 9545: 9543: 9540: 9538: 9535: 9533: 9530: 9528: 9525: 9524: 9522: 9518: 9512: 9509: 9505: 9502: 9500: 9497: 9496: 9495: 9492: 9488: 9485: 9483: 9480: 9478: 9477:Digital rupee 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9459: 9458: 9455: 9454: 9452: 9448: 9442: 9439: 9437: 9436:Make in India 9434: 9432: 9429: 9427: 9424: 9422: 9419: 9417: 9414: 9412: 9409: 9407: 9404: 9402: 9399: 9397: 9394: 9392: 9391:Foreign trade 9389: 9387: 9386:External debt 9384: 9382: 9379: 9377: 9374: 9372: 9369: 9367: 9364: 9362: 9359: 9357: 9354: 9350: 9347: 9346: 9345: 9342: 9341: 9339: 9335: 9329: 9326: 9324: 9321: 9320: 9318: 9316: 9312: 9308: 9304: 9299: 9295: 9281: 9278: 9276: 9273: 9271: 9268: 9266: 9263: 9261: 9258: 9256: 9253: 9251: 9248: 9246: 9243: 9241: 9238: 9236: 9233: 9231: 9228: 9227: 9225: 9223: 9219: 9213: 9210: 9208: 9205: 9203: 9200: 9199: 9197: 9195: 9191: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9152: 9149: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9137: 9134: 9133: 9131: 9129: 9125: 9119: 9116: 9114: 9111: 9109: 9106: 9104: 9101: 9099: 9096: 9094: 9091: 9089: 9086: 9084: 9081: 9080: 9078: 9074: 9071: 9069: 9065: 9059: 9056: 9054: 9051: 9049: 9048:Chief Justice 9046: 9044: 9043:Supreme Court 9041: 9037: 9034: 9033: 9032: 9029: 9027: 9024: 9022: 9019: 9017: 9014: 9013: 9010: 9007: 9005: 9001: 8995: 8992: 8990: 8987: 8985: 8982: 8978: 8975: 8973: 8970: 8969: 8968: 8965: 8963: 8960: 8958: 8955: 8953: 8950: 8948: 8945: 8943: 8940: 8938: 8935: 8931: 8928: 8926: 8923: 8922: 8921: 8918: 8916: 8913: 8911: 8910:Energy policy 8908: 8906: 8903: 8902: 8900: 8898: 8894: 8890: 8886: 8881: 8877: 8863: 8860: 8858: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8845: 8843: 8839: 8836: 8834: 8831: 8829: 8826: 8825: 8823: 8819: 8813: 8810: 8808: 8805: 8803: 8800: 8798: 8795: 8793: 8790: 8788: 8785: 8783: 8780: 8779: 8777: 8775: 8771: 8765: 8762: 8758: 8755: 8753: 8750: 8749: 8748: 8745: 8743: 8740: 8736: 8733: 8732: 8731: 8728: 8726: 8723: 8721: 8718: 8717: 8715: 8713: 8709: 8703: 8700: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8681: 8678: 8676: 8673: 8671: 8670:Indo-Gangetic 8668: 8667: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8653: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8643: 8640: 8638: 8635: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8623: 8620: 8618: 8615: 8613: 8610: 8608: 8605: 8604: 8602: 8598: 8592: 8589: 8587: 8584: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8574: 8572: 8569: 8567: 8564: 8562: 8559: 8557: 8554: 8552: 8549: 8547: 8544: 8542: 8539: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8529: 8527: 8524: 8522: 8519: 8518: 8516: 8514: 8510: 8504: 8501: 8499: 8496: 8494: 8491: 8489: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8480: 8478: 8474: 8468: 8465: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8455: 8454: 8452: 8450: 8446: 8442: 8438: 8433: 8429: 8415: 8412: 8410: 8407: 8405: 8402: 8400: 8397: 8396: 8394: 8390: 8384: 8381: 8379: 8378:The Emergency 8376: 8374: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8354: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8339: 8336: 8334: 8331: 8329: 8326: 8325: 8323: 8319: 8313: 8310: 8308: 8305: 8303: 8300: 8298: 8295: 8293: 8290: 8288: 8285: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8271: 8268: 8267: 8266: 8263: 8261: 8258: 8256: 8253: 8251: 8248: 8246: 8243: 8241: 8238: 8236: 8233: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8223: 8222: 8220: 8218: 8214: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8189: 8187: 8185: 8181: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8146: 8144: 8142: 8138: 8132: 8129: 8127: 8124: 8123: 8121: 8117: 8111: 8108: 8106: 8103: 8101: 8100:Kushan Empire 8098: 8096: 8093: 8091: 8088: 8086: 8083: 8081: 8078: 8076: 8075:Mahajanapadas 8073: 8071: 8068: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8058: 8057: 8055: 8053: 8049: 8043: 8040: 8038: 8035: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8010: 8008: 8005: 8003: 8000: 7998: 7995: 7993: 7990: 7988: 7985: 7983: 7980: 7979: 7976: 7973: 7971: 7968: 7967: 7965: 7961: 7957: 7953: 7948: 7944: 7935: 7930: 7928: 7923: 7921: 7916: 7915: 7912: 7900: 7897: 7893: 7890: 7888: 7885: 7883: 7880: 7879: 7878: 7875: 7873: 7870: 7869: 7867: 7863: 7857: 7854: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7844: 7842: 7839: 7838: 7836: 7834: 7830: 7818: 7815: 7814: 7813: 7810: 7808: 7805: 7804: 7802: 7798: 7792: 7789: 7787: 7784: 7782: 7781:Low Countries 7779: 7775: 7772: 7770: 7767: 7766: 7765: 7762: 7760: 7757: 7755: 7752: 7751: 7749: 7747: 7743: 7737: 7734: 7732: 7729: 7727: 7724: 7720: 7717: 7716: 7715: 7712: 7710: 7707: 7705: 7702: 7700: 7697: 7696: 7694: 7692: 7688: 7685: 7683: 7679: 7673: 7670: 7668: 7665: 7663: 7660: 7656: 7653: 7652: 7651: 7648: 7644: 7641: 7640: 7639: 7636: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7624: 7621: 7617: 7614: 7612: 7609: 7607: 7604: 7603: 7602: 7599: 7597: 7594: 7590: 7587: 7585: 7582: 7581: 7580: 7577: 7575: 7572: 7568: 7565: 7563: 7560: 7558: 7555: 7553: 7550: 7548: 7545: 7544: 7543: 7540: 7536: 7533: 7531: 7528: 7526: 7523: 7521: 7518: 7516: 7513: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7505:Italian domes 7503: 7501: 7498: 7496: 7493: 7491: 7488: 7487: 7486: 7483: 7482: 7480: 7476: 7470: 7467: 7465: 7462: 7458: 7455: 7454: 7453: 7450: 7448: 7445: 7443: 7440: 7438: 7435: 7434: 7432: 7430: 7426: 7422: 7415: 7410: 7408: 7403: 7401: 7396: 7395: 7392: 7380: 7377: 7375: 7372: 7371: 7366: 7362: 7359: 7355: 7354: 7350: 7336: 7333: 7331: 7328: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7286: 7283: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7253: 7251: 7248: 7247: 7245: 7243: 7239: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7185: 7183: 7180: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7170: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7162:Bengalization 7160: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7143: 7140: 7139: 7137: 7135: 7131: 7125: 7122: 7120: 7117: 7115: 7112: 7110: 7107: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7094: 7093: 7090: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7072: 7071: 7068: 7064: 7061: 7059: 7056: 7055: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7048:Ethnic groups 7046: 7045: 7043: 7041: 7037: 7033: 7030: 7028: 7024: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6988: 6987: 6985: 6981: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6959: 6958: 6957: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6935: 6932: 6930: 6927: 6925: 6922: 6921: 6920: 6918: 6914: 6912: 6909: 6905: 6902: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6884:Energy policy 6882: 6881: 6880: 6877: 6873: 6870: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6860: 6859: 6858: 6855: 6851: 6848: 6846: 6840: 6838: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6826: 6825: 6822: 6818: 6815: 6813: 6810: 6808: 6805: 6803: 6800: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6785: 6783: 6780: 6778: 6775: 6774: 6773: 6770: 6768: 6765: 6764: 6761: 6758: 6756: 6752: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6708: 6707: 6705: 6702: 6698: 6695: 6693: 6690: 6688: 6685: 6683: 6680: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6673: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6640: 6639: 6637: 6634: 6630: 6627: 6625: 6622: 6620: 6617: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6610: 6608: 6606: 6602: 6598: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6571: 6569: 6566: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6556:Chief Justice 6554: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6541:Supreme Court 6539: 6537: 6534: 6533: 6531: 6528: 6524: 6521: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6505: 6504: 6502: 6498: 6494: 6491: 6489: 6486: 6485: 6484: 6479: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6456: 6453: 6451: 6448: 6446: 6443: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6433: 6430: 6426: 6423: 6422: 6421: 6418: 6414: 6411: 6410: 6409: 6406: 6405: 6404: 6401: 6400: 6398: 6396: 6392: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6379: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6354: 6352: 6349: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6326:Bay of Bengal 6324: 6323: 6322: 6319: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6291: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6272:Sub-districts 6270: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6259: 6258: 6255: 6254: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6242: 6228: 6225: 6223: 6220: 6218: 6215: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6199: 6197: 6195: 6191: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6164:1990 Uprising 6162: 6158: 6155: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6144: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6134: 6132: 6130: 6126: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6099: 6098: 6096: 6092: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6077:1969 Uprising 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6059: 6058: 6056: 6055:East Pakistan 6052: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6035: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6005: 6004: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5985: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5963: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5945: 5942: 5940: 5937: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5926: 5925: 5922: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5904: 5903: 5900: 5896: 5895:Gauda Kingdom 5893: 5892: 5891: 5888: 5887: 5885: 5881: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5869:Kanva dynasty 5867: 5865: 5864:Shunga Empire 5862: 5860: 5859:Maurya Empire 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5837: 5835: 5832: 5830: 5829:Suhma kingdom 5827: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5806: 5804: 5800: 5796: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5765: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5749: 5748: 5746: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5731: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5719: 5715: 5711: 5704: 5699: 5697: 5692: 5690: 5685: 5684: 5681: 5671: 5666: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5644:Mother Teresa 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5602: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5594:Rani Rashmoni 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5539:Nandalal Bose 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5514:Ritwik Ghatak 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5491: 5489: 5487: 5483: 5477: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5436:Bihari people 5434: 5432: 5429: 5428: 5426: 5422: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5410:Tangail Saree 5408: 5406: 5403: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5385:Nakshi kantha 5383: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5345:Fazli (mango) 5343: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5315:Bankura horse 5313: 5311: 5308: 5306: 5303: 5301: 5298: 5297: 5295: 5293: 5289: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5232: 5231: 5228: 5226: 5223: 5219: 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4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4366: 4364: 4361: 4359: 4356: 4354: 4353:Mughal Empire 4351: 4349: 4346: 4344: 4341: 4339: 4336: 4334: 4331: 4329: 4326: 4322: 4319: 4318: 4317: 4316:Gauda Kingdom 4314: 4313: 4311: 4309: 4305: 4299: 4295: 4293: 4289: 4286: 4284: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4262: 4259: 4257: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4244: 4241: 4240: 4238: 4236: 4235:State symbols 4232: 4228: 4227: 4222: 4217: 4213: 4205: 4200: 4198: 4193: 4191: 4186: 4185: 4182: 4170: 4167: 4165: 4162: 4160: 4157: 4153: 4150: 4149: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4123: 4120: 4119: 4117: 4113: 4107: 4104: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4090: 4087: 4086: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4050: 4047: 4043: 4040: 4039: 4038: 4035: 4033: 4030: 4028: 4025: 4023: 4022:Bengali music 4020: 4018: 4015: 4013: 4010: 4009: 4007: 4003: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3974: 3972: 3969: 3967: 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3909: 3907: 3904: 3902: 3899: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3859: 3858:Eugène Lafont 3856: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3844: 3841: 3839: 3836: 3834: 3831: 3829: 3826: 3824: 3821: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3803:Henry Derozio 3801: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3738:Sri Aurobindo 3736: 3735: 3733: 3729: 3725: 3718: 3713: 3711: 3706: 3704: 3699: 3698: 3695: 3687: 3683: 3679: 3675: 3670: 3669: 3658: 3652: 3648: 3644: 3639: 3635: 3629: 3625: 3620: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3603: 3591: 3587: 3581: 3577: 3576: 3570: 3566: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3547: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3522: 3517: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3500: 3496: 3490: 3486: 3485: 3479: 3475: 3469: 3464: 3463: 3456: 3452: 3446: 3442: 3437: 3434: 3430: 3426: 3422: 3418: 3414: 3411: 3407: 3401: 3397: 3392: 3391: 3378: 3376:0-02-865735-7 3372: 3368: 3361: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3329: 3322: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3291: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3261: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3238: 3231: 3228: 3227: 3222: 3218: 3215: 3210: 3203:. p. 42. 3202: 3195: 3193: 3191: 3189: 3180: 3173: 3165: 3161: 3154: 3146: 3139: 3132:. p. 41. 3131: 3124: 3122: 3120: 3118: 3116: 3114: 3112: 3103: 3097: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3078: 3070: 3064: 3060: 3056: 3050: 3042: 3035: 3027: 3026: 3018: 3010: 3003: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2983: 2976: 2974: 2965: 2958: 2956: 2947: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2932:Sarkar, Sumit 2927: 2925: 2916: 2910: 2906: 2899: 2897: 2895: 2893: 2891: 2882: 2875: 2859: 2855: 2848: 2840: 2834: 2830: 2829: 2824: 2818: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2776: 2769: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2734: 2732: 2730: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2694: 2686: 2679: 2671: 2664: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2633: 2625: 2619: 2615: 2608: 2597: 2590: 2589: 2581: 2579: 2570: 2564: 2560: 2556: 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1925: 1922:This section 1920: 1917: 1913: 1912: 1903: 1897: 1888: 1884: 1878: 1869: 1865: 1859: 1845: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1801: 1799: 1795: 1789: 1786: 1780: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1739: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1717: 1703: 1701: 1697: 1691: 1689: 1688:Charles Grant 1685: 1681: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1659: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1627: 1618: 1616: 1612: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1598:Mughal Empire 1594: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1578: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1554: 1552: 1548: 1537: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1506: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1491: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1460:Bengal region 1457: 1452: 1446: 1437: 1433: 1421: 1416: 1414: 1409: 1407: 1402: 1401: 1399: 1398: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1380:United Bengal 1378: 1376: 1373: 1372: 1369: 1364: 1363: 1356: 1355:Bay of Bengal 1353: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1341: 1338: 1334: 1331: 1329: 1326: 1324: 1321: 1319: 1316: 1315: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1296: 1293: 1291: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1281: 1278: 1276: 1273: 1271: 1268: 1267: 1261: 1260: 1251: 1248: 1246: 1243: 1241: 1238: 1236: 1233: 1232: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1221: 1220:Bengal Temple 1218: 1217: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1195: 1193: 1191: 1188: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1175: 1173: 1171: 1168: 1166: 1163: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1140: 1139: 1136: 1132: 1129: 1127: 1124: 1122: 1119: 1118: 1117: 1114: 1112: 1109: 1108: 1105: 1100: 1099: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1082: 1081: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1051: 1049: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1037: 1035: 1032: 1031: 1029: 1028: 1025: 1020: 1019: 1012: 1009: 1007: 1004: 1002: 999: 997: 994: 992: 989: 987: 984: 983: 980: 975: 974: 967: 964: 962: 961:East Pakistan 959: 957: 954: 952: 949: 947: 944: 942: 939: 937: 934: 932: 929: 927: 924: 922: 919: 917: 916:Gauda Kingdom 914: 912: 909: 907: 906:Vanga kingdom 904: 903: 900: 895: 894: 890: 886: 885: 882: 879: 878: 874: 873: 863: 858: 856: 851: 849: 844: 843: 841: 840: 833: 830: 828: 825: 823: 820: 818: 815: 813: 810: 809: 801: 800: 793: 789: 786: 785: 777: 776: 769: 766: 765: 764: 759: 756: 755: 754: 749: 746: 744: 741: 740: 739: 734: 731: 729: 726: 725: 724: 719: 716: 714: 711: 709: 706: 704: 701: 699: 696: 695: 694: 689: 686: 684: 681: 679: 676: 674: 673:Ramprasad Sen 671: 669: 666: 664: 661: 659: 656: 655: 654: 649: 646: 644: 641: 639: 636: 635: 634: 629: 626: 624: 621: 620: 619: 614: 611: 609: 606: 604: 601: 599: 596: 594: 591: 589: 586: 584: 581: 579: 576: 574: 571: 570: 569: 564: 561: 559: 556: 554: 551: 549: 546: 544: 541: 539: 536: 535: 534: 527: 523: 517: 516: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 494: 491: 490: 489: 484: 481: 479: 476: 474: 471: 469: 466: 465: 464: 463:Institutions 459: 456: 454: 451: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 435: 434: 429: 428:Yusuf-Zulekha 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 401: 399: 396: 394: 391: 390: 386: 380: 379: 372: 369: 367: 364: 362: 359: 358: 350: 349: 342: 339: 335: 334:Pahela Falgun 332: 331: 330: 329:Basanta Uṯsab 327: 325: 322: 320: 317: 315: 312: 310: 307: 305: 302: 301: 293: 292: 289: 286: 285: 278: 275: 274: 273: 267: 264: 262: 259: 257: 254: 252: 249: 247: 246:Chand Sadagar 244: 243: 237: 230: 229: 222: 219: 215: 212: 211: 210: 207: 203: 200: 199: 198: 195: 194: 186: 185: 178: 175: 173: 170: 168: 165: 163: 160: 158: 155: 153: 150: 148: 145: 143: 140: 139: 135: 129: 128: 121: 118: 116: 113: 111: 108: 106: 103: 101: 98: 96: 93: 91: 88: 86: 83: 81: 78: 76: 73: 71: 68: 67: 63: 57: 56: 53: 50: 49: 45: 41: 40: 36: 32: 31: 27: 23: 22: 19: 10432:Martial arts 10356:Architecture 10229:Demographics 10214:Caste system 10191:Society and 9841:Construction 9623:By net worth 9457:Indian rupee 9260:Reservations 9128:Intelligence 9031:Human rights 9016:Constitution 8774:Subdivisions 8467:Indian Plate 8457:Fossil Parks 8392:Contemporary 8307:World War II 8281: 8184:Early Modern 8174:Vijayanagara 8070:Vedic period 7940:India topics 7892:12th century 7485:Architecture 7320:Notuner Gaan 7265:Bengal tiger 7142:Architecture 7102:Universities 7053:Bangladeshis 7040:Demographics 6982: 6955: 6915: 6878: 6856: 6823: 6807:Shipbuilding 6771: 6676:Intelligence 6642:Border Guard 6636:Paramilitary 6613:Armed Forces 6568:Human rights 6536:Constitution 6499: 6481:(parliament) 6476: 6402: 6351:Ganges Delta 6346:Ganges Basin 6320: 6288: 6093: 6053: 6016: 6001: 5966:Bengal Subah 5923: 5901: 5889: 5874:Gupta Empire 5809:Vedic period 5743: 5549:Meghnad Saha 5499:Satyajit Ray 5424:Demographics 5375:Manasa chali 5250:Tarini Khuro 5110: 5038:Krishnanagar 4561:Teesta River 4521:Ganges Delta 4481:Bengal Basin 4403:Jhargram Raj 4387: 4333:Sena dynasty 4224: 4132:Hindu School 4106:Young Bengal 4059:Nazrul geeti 4049:Gaudiya Math 4042:Brahmo Samaj 3996:Begum Rokeya 3901:Meghnad Saha 3723: 3681: 3642: 3623: 3606: 3594:. Retrieved 3574: 3550: 3538:. Retrieved 3514:(1): 11–30. 3511: 3507: 3483: 3461: 3440: 3425:Introduction 3420: 3416: 3395: 3366: 3360: 3348:. Retrieved 3331: 3321: 3309:. Retrieved 3300: 3295:Dey, Mukul. 3290: 3278:. Retrieved 3269: 3260: 3243: 3237: 3229: 3224: 3209: 3200: 3178: 3172: 3163: 3159: 3153: 3144: 3138: 3129: 3083: 3077: 3058: 3049: 3040: 3034: 3024: 3017: 3008: 3002: 2985: 2981: 2963: 2935: 2904: 2880: 2874: 2862:. Retrieved 2857: 2847: 2827: 2817: 2805:. Retrieved 2785: 2781: 2768: 2743: 2739: 2706:(1): 26–45. 2703: 2699: 2693: 2684: 2678: 2669: 2663: 2651:. Retrieved 2642: 2632: 2613: 2607: 2587: 2558: 2499:Gaudiya Math 2481:Brahmo Samaj 2471: 2396: 2301:Spirituality 2294: 2286: 2273: 2269:adding to it 2264: 2159: 2135:art movement 2132: 2119: 2115:adding to it 2110: 2075: 2072:Satyajit Ray 2042:experimental 2004: 2000:Meghnad Saha 1945: 1932: 1928:adding to it 1923: 1822:Hindu School 1802: 1790: 1785:Missionaries 1781: 1760: 1722:Begum Rokeya 1696:Brahmo Samaj 1692: 1660: 1632: 1602:Ganges basin 1595: 1579: 1555: 1543: 1507: 1503:Sumit Sarkar 1492: 1470:at the 1757 1455: 1431: 1429: 1350:Suvarnabhumi 1299: 1280:Bengal tiger 1215:Architecture 1131:Romanisation 1076:Bengali name 1006:Barak Valley 931:Bengal Subah 762: 752: 737: 722: 693:Instruments 692: 663:Nazrul Geeti 652: 638:Bengali band 632: 617: 567: 533:Folk genres 532: 487: 462: 432: 408:Mangal-Kāvya 392: 304:Barsha Utsab 270: 18: 10474:Traditional 10151:Banking Act 10136:SARFESI Act 10050:Electricity 9871:Oil and gas 9861:Electricity 9814:Agriculture 9798:West Bengal 9788:Uttarakhand 9753:Maharashtra 9592:Licence Raj 9547:Black money 9406:Remittances 9250:Nationalism 9235:Citizenship 9068:Enforcement 9053:High Courts 8930:Rajya Sabha 8591:sanctuaries 8541:Earthquakes 8513:Environment 8328:Integration 8302:1943 famine 8250:British Raj 8217:Late modern 8141:Middle Ages 8105:Alchon Huns 8017:Mathematics 8007:Linguistics 7899:Reenactment 7882:Carolingian 7515:Plateresque 7437:Renaissance 7421:Renaissance 7260:Bengal fire 6971:Real estate 6917:Agriculture 6889:Electricity 6787:Electronics 6772:Industries: 6647:Coast Guard 6605:enforcement 6584:LGBT rights 6341:Cox's Bazar 5956:Baro-Bhuyan 5924:Sultanates: 5844:Shaishunaga 5649:Amartya Sen 5619:Sukumar Ray 5609:Sarada Devi 5599:Ramakrishna 5355:Gobindobhog 5350:Garad Saree 5292:GI products 5208:Ratha Yatra 5176:Dol Purnima 5151:Chhau dance 5058:Murshidabad 4983:Cooch Behar 4803:Murshidabad 4754:Cooch Behar 4506:Rarh region 4328:Pala Empire 4265:Fishing cat 4212:West Bengal 3350:13 February 3311:13 February 3280:13 February 3232:(24), 2004. 3055:Kopf, David 2858:Prothom Alo 2423:Sarada Devi 2419:Ramakrishna 2375:Ramakrishna 2361:Sarada Devi 2276:August 2022 2122:August 2022 2057:crescograph 1935:August 2022 1798:West Bengal 1779:education. 1680:British Raj 1532:and writer 1464:British Raj 1295:Bengal fire 1183:West Bengal 1080:Subgroups: 996:West Bengal 956:East Bengal 921:Pala Empire 822:Lathi khela 568:Devotional 418:Laila Majnu 366:West Bengal 10499:Categories 10425:television 10415:Literature 10219:Corruption 9942:Television 9910:Healthcare 9831:Automotive 9778:Tamil Nadu 9645:Labour law 9628:Demography 9431:NITI Aayog 9337:Governance 9323:BSE SENSEX 9275:Secularism 9230:Censorship 9021:Penal Code 8920:Parliament 8897:Government 8702:Waterfalls 8546:Ecoregions 8409:Pokhran-II 8207:Bengal War 8022:Metallurgy 7856:Structures 7662:Technology 7638:Philosophy 7601:Literature 7520:Portuguese 7330:Water lily 7305:Mango tree 7300:Bengal cat 7222:Television 7192:Literature 7147:Bangaliana 7075:Corruption 6862:Chittagong 6844:(currency) 6777:Automotive 6403:Executive: 6395:Government 6361:Sundarbans 6356:Hatirjheel 6331:Bengal Fan 6202:Chittagong 5951:Sur Empire 5854:Gangaridai 5762:Literature 5710:Bangladesh 5534:Jyoti Basu 5524:Jamini Roy 5415:Tulaipanji 5370:Madurkathi 5325:Chhau mask 5260:Kiriti Roy 5193:Durga Puja 5126:Chalchitra 5121:Patachitra 5008:Jalpaiguri 4988:Darjeeling 4948:Berhampore 4928:Cities and 4910:(declared) 4908:Sundarbans 4904:(declared) 4883:(declared) 4872:(declared) 4833:(declared) 4794:(declared) 4792:Berhampore 4764:Jalpaiguri 4759:Darjeeling 4749:Alipurduar 4593:Governance 4511:Sundarbans 4079:Satyagraha 3848:David Hare 2788:(3): 241. 2539:References 2459:Ram Thakur 2223:Bangladesh 2184:Literature 1730:South Asia 1571:Bangladesh 1540:Background 1385:Bangabhumi 1285:Bengal cat 1275:Joy Bangla 1231:Festivals 1178:Bangladesh 1138:Literature 1111:Bangaliana 1069:Christians 991:Bangladesh 911:Gangaridai 827:Chaturaṅga 817:Boli Khela 688:Polligeeti 683:Hason Raja 398:Charyapada 385:Literature 361:Bangladesh 221:Gaye holud 190:Traditions 152:Vocabulary 10510:Brahmoism 10457:Sculpture 10410:Festivals 10376:Webcomics 10328:Sexuality 10278:Languages 10241:Education 10071:Regulator 10018:Transport 9915:Hospitals 9851:Education 9819:Livestock 9783:Telangana 9773:Rajasthan 9733:Karnataka 9728:Jharkhand 9532:Insurance 9511:Inflation 9416:Subsidies 9315:Companies 9245:Democracy 9240:Elections 9212:Air Force 8937:President 8925:Lok Sabha 8802:Districts 8757:Southeast 8752:Southwest 8742:Northeast 8735:Northwest 8697:Volcanoes 8657:Mountains 8600:Landforms 8437:Geography 8312:Partition 8277:Zamindari 8060:Stone Age 7997:Economics 7982:Astronomy 7963:Overviews 7851:Humanists 7841:Composers 7682:By region 7562:Sculpture 7510:Palladian 7452:Mannerism 7290:Jackfruit 7255:Bangamata 7227:Sexuality 7167:Calendars 7092:Education 7085:Terrorism 6984:Transport 6872:2011 scam 6629:Air Force 6439:Elections 6408:President 6304:Mountains 6267:Districts 6262:Divisions 6245:Geography 5456:Rajbanshi 5198:Bhai Dooj 5053:Midnapore 5028:Kharagpur 5023:Kalimpong 4973:Bishnupur 4968:Bardhaman 4953:Balurghat 4831:Bishnupur 4769:Kalimpong 4699:districts 4694:Divisions 4473:Geography 4398:Nadia Raj 4321:Shashanka 4210:State of 4115:Education 4037:Brahmoism 4032:Bhadralok 3540:19 August 3530:249027627 3433:1741-4113 3423:Fraser's 3340:0362-4331 3226:Frontline 2794:2454-1273 2643:Frontline 2477:Brahmoism 2435:Bamakhepa 2431:Aurobindo 2035:microwave 2015:biologist 2011:physicist 1794:Srirampur 1788:duties." 1770:texts to 1706:Education 1516:, writer 1445:romanized 1270:Bangamata 1194:Weddings 1084:Dhakaiyas 1064:Buddhists 713:Harmonium 297:Festivals 261:Satya Pir 134:Languages 100:Dhakaiyas 95:Bhadralok 10442:Painting 10405:Folklore 10361:Blogging 10303:Religion 10288:Literacy 10023:Aviation 10008:Textiles 9947:Printing 9937:FM Radio 9905:Gambling 9900:Forestry 9836:Chemical 9650:Pensions 9557:National 9499:Governor 9450:Currency 9411:Taxation 9328:NIFTY 50 9265:Scandals 9222:Politics 9194:Military 8905:Agencies 8885:Politics 8821:See also 8637:Glaciers 8586:Wildlife 8476:Heritage 8321:Republic 8255:Railways 8225:Colonial 8197:Marathas 8164:Kakatiya 8052:Ancient 8027:Military 8012:Maritime 7987:Clothing 7970:Timeline 7887:Ottonian 7807:Portugal 7791:Scotland 7709:Lombardy 7704:Florence 7628:Medicine 7579:Humanism 7535:Venetian 7478:By field 7374:Category 7270:Bungalow 7232:Marriage 7182:Language 7119:Religion 7058:Bengalis 6996:Airlines 6991:Airports 6941:Forestry 6782:Ceramics 6601:Military 6382:Politics 6217:Noakhali 6194:Regional 6117:Timeline 6107:Genocide 5988:Colonial 5839:Pradyota 5784:Cyclones 5767:Military 5757:Aviation 5734:Timeline 5714:articles 5400:Sitabhog 5380:Mihidana 5360:Himsagar 5255:Kakababu 5146:Gombhira 5073:Siliguri 5043:Kurseong 4993:Durgapur 4902:Ranaghat 4881:Ichamati 4870:Basirhat 4837:Jhargram 4606:Governor 4428:Jugantar 4096:Swadeshi 3596:30 March 3590:Archived 3534:Archived 3344:Archived 3305:Archived 3274:Archived 3217:Archived 3057:(1979). 2825:(2009). 2798:Archived 2653:19 April 2647:Archived 2596:Archived 2557:(2011). 2151:swadeshi 2019:botanist 2007:polymath 1772:Brahmins 1768:Sanskrit 1764:madrasas 1748:educator 1586:Calcutta 1333:Chomchom 1328:Rasgulla 1290:Bungalow 1235:New Year 1227:Calendar 1158:Folklore 1126:Alphabet 1121:Dialects 1116:Language 1089:Sylhetis 1044:Diaspora 881:Bengalis 738:Theater 578:Bhandari 553:Gombhira 548:Bhawaiya 543:Bhatiali 341:Shakrain 236:folklore 147:Dialects 115:Sylhetis 26:a series 24:Part of 10462:tallest 10383:Cuisine 10343:Culture 10298:Prisons 10293:Poverty 10234:Indians 10207:Society 10193:culture 10013:Tourism 9866:Nuclear 9846:Defence 9824:Fishing 9807:Sectors 9758:Mizoram 9713:Haryana 9708:Gujarat 9638:Poverty 9569:History 9542:Bullion 9527:Banking 9482:Coinage 9467:History 9303:Economy 9076:Federal 8787:Borders 8720:Central 8712:Regions 8692:Valleys 8666:Plains 8647:Islands 8607:Beaches 8571:Geology 8561:Forests 8531:Climate 8449:Geology 8260:Economy 8240:Plassey 8192:Mughals 8154:Hoysala 8080:Mauryas 7992:Coinage 7952:History 7865:Related 7846:Figures 7764:Germany 7754:England 7672:Warfare 7667:Theatre 7650:Science 7616:Spanish 7530:Spanish 7429:General 7358:Outline 7295:Kabaddi 7242:Symbols 7212:Theatre 7177:Cuisine 7134:Culture 7124:Society 7097:Schools 7027:Society 7001:Railway 6951:Poverty 6946:Tourism 6934:Fishing 6929:Poultry 6829:Banking 6802:Textile 6755:Economy 6493:Speaker 6432:Cabinet 6321:Places: 6294:Islands 6289:Nature: 6284:Borders 6222:Rangpur 6212:Jessore 5912:Kamboja 5834:Magadha 5802:Ancient 5739:Outline 5722:History 5451:Adivasi 5156:Cuisine 5103:Culture 5068:Raiganj 5063:Purulia 5033:Kolkata 4963:Barasat 4958:Bankura 4943:Asansol 4938:Alipore 4887:Kolkata 4852:Purulia 4826:Bankura 4721:Hooghly 4716:Birbhum 4526:Climate 4308:History 4226:Kolkata 4221:Capital 4005:Culture 3778:Bethune 3615:5945802 3252:3017431 3166:(2): 3. 2994:4412747 2760:3520213 2720:3517400 2206:in 1913 2047:in the 2045:science 1868:fathers 1848:Science 1673:at the 1655:Bengali 1639:Kolkata 1621:Origins 1462:of the 1447::  1436:Bengali 1340:Jamdani 1250:Harvest 1245:Monsoon 1210:Cuisine 1190:Theatre 1174:Cinema 1054:Muslims 1001:Tripura 832:Kho kho 812:Kabaddi 763:People 698:Bansuri 653:People 608:Qawwali 598:Nasheed 558:Kavigan 488:Awards 433:Genres 319:Nabanna 288:Cuisine 256:Oladevi 251:Bonbibi 214:Panjika 157:Grammar 110:Mahimal 52:History 10371:Comics 10366:Cinema 10273:Health 9981:Retail 9954:Mining 9932:Cinema 9856:Energy 9768:Punjab 9763:Odisha 9743:Ladakh 9738:Kerala 9676:States 9633:Income 9616:People 9552:Bombay 8797:Cities 8687:Rivers 8622:Desert 8617:Coasts 8612:Canals 8037:Postal 7786:Poland 7769:Saxony 7759:France 7736:Venice 7731:Urbino 7726:Sicily 7719:Papacy 7611:French 7584:France 7525:Purism 7500:French 7379:Portal 7207:Sports 7172:Cinema 7114:Hunger 7109:Health 6704:Police 6314:Rivers 6227:Sylhet 5824:Pundra 5779:Rulers 5772:Postal 5752:Bengal 5745:Topics 5712:  5486:People 5446:Gurkha 5340:Dhokra 5235:Feluda 5083:Tamluk 5003:Howrah 4998:Haldia 4876:Howrah 4501:Dooars 4296:Fish: 4279:Flower 4261:Animal 4252:Anthem 4243:Emblem 3731:People 3653:  3630:  3613:  3582:  3561:  3528:  3491:  3470:  3447:  3431:  3402:  3373:  3338:  3250:  3098:  3065:  2992:  2942:  2911:  2864:19 May 2835:  2807:25 May 2792:  2758:  2718:  2620:  2565:  2465:, and 2038:optics 1836:, the 1832:; the 1820:; the 1495:Indian 1345:Ganges 1240:Spring 1153:Novels 1143:Poetry 1059:Hindus 1039:Ghotis 1034:Bangal 986:Bengal 723:Dance 718:Ploong 703:Dotara 583:Ghazal 443:Novels 438:Poetry 266:Manasa 202:Walima 142:Script 70:Bangal 62:People 28:on the 10469:Sport 10437:Music 10420:Media 10400:Dress 10395:Dance 10333:Youth 10323:Women 10224:Crime 10114:NCLAT 10102:Other 10078:IRDAI 10060:Power 10055:Water 10045:Roads 10035:Ports 10028:Civil 9998:Space 9927:Media 9876:Solar 9698:Delhi 9693:Bihar 9688:Assam 9487:Paisa 8792:Towns 8747:South 8730:North 8652:Lakes 8566:Flora 8556:Fauna 8131:Chola 7975:Years 7833:Lists 7812:Spain 7774:Weser 7633:Music 7623:Magic 7606:Dutch 7596:Latin 7574:Dance 7490:Brick 7365:Index 7285:Ilish 7197:Music 7070:Crime 7063:Names 7011:Ports 7006:Roads 6867:Dhaka 6812:Steel 6652:Ansar 6589:Women 6299:Lakes 6207:Dhaka 5849:Nanda 5819:Vanga 5789:Years 5277:Jatra 5141:Bhadu 5078:Siuri 5048:Malda 4930:towns 4892:Nadia 4798:Malda 4573:Khoai 4546:Ganga 4491:Terai 4298:Ilish 3676:. In 3526:S2CID 2990:JSTOR 2801:(PDF) 2778:(PDF) 2756:JSTOR 2716:JSTOR 2599:(PDF) 2592:(PDF) 2031:radio 1590:Delhi 1318:Ilish 1170:Music 1011:Assam 805:Sport 781:Media 743:Jatra 733:Chhau 728:Alkap 678:Lalon 522:Music 458:Tarja 423:Puthi 271:Lores 241:Myths 105:Ghoti 10388:wine 10161:FEMA 10126:IBBI 10121:BIFR 10109:NCLT 10093:IBBI 10088:SEBI 10040:Rail 9959:Coal 9881:Wind 9655:EPFO 9504:Mint 9462:Sign 9207:Navy 9202:Army 9036:LGBT 8764:West 8725:East 8265:Army 8159:Pala 8002:LGBT 7714:Rome 7275:Flag 7152:Baul 6961:Post 6924:Rice 6792:Food 6735:SPBn 6720:CTTC 6710:APBn 6692:CTIB 6687:DGFI 6624:Navy 6619:Army 6603:and 6425:List 6413:List 6157:1982 6152:1981 6147:1975 6112:Rape 5917:Sena 5907:Pala 5814:Anga 5171:Holi 5136:Baul 4696:and 4288:Tree 4270:Bird 3651:ISBN 3628:ISBN 3611:OCLC 3598:2017 3580:ISBN 3559:ISBN 3542:2022 3489:ISBN 3468:ISBN 3445:ISBN 3429:ISSN 3400:ISBN 3371:ISBN 3352:2019 3336:ISSN 3313:2019 3282:2019 3248:OCLC 3096:ISBN 3063:ISBN 2940:ISBN 2909:ISBN 2866:2021 2833:ISBN 2809:2021 2790:ISSN 2655:2021 2618:ISBN 2563:ISBN 2162:West 2092:and 2063:Arts 2033:and 2009:: a 1998:and 1750:and 1698:by 1661:The 1565:and 1430:The 708:Dhak 613:Zari 593:Naat 588:Hamd 573:Baul 524:and 10131:IBC 10083:RBI 9703:Goa 9665:PPF 9660:NPS 9004:Law 8840:in 8627:ECZ 7542:Art 6730:RAB 6725:PBI 6715:CID 6682:NSI 6530:Law 3516:doi 3421:See 3088:doi 2748:doi 2708:doi 2271:. 2117:. 1930:. 1762:in 1728:in 1549:to 1165:Art 354:Art 10501:: 6706:: 6678:: 6638:: 6615:: 6570:: 6532:: 6441:: 4290:: 4281:: 4272:: 4263:: 4254:: 4245:: 4223:: 3649:. 3645:. 3588:. 3557:. 3553:. 3532:. 3524:. 3510:. 3506:. 3342:. 3334:. 3330:. 3303:. 3299:. 3272:. 3268:. 3230:21 3223:, 3187:^ 3164:22 3162:. 3110:^ 3094:. 2986:42 2984:. 2972:^ 2954:^ 2923:^ 2889:^ 2856:. 2796:. 2784:. 2780:. 2754:. 2744:23 2742:. 2728:^ 2714:. 2704:15 2702:. 2641:. 2577:^ 2546:^ 2483:) 2469:. 2461:, 2457:, 2453:, 2449:, 2445:, 2441:, 2433:, 2429:, 2425:, 2421:, 2417:, 2413:, 2409:, 2405:, 2401:, 2291:: 2180:. 2157:. 2059:. 2021:, 2017:, 2013:, 2002:. 1994:, 1990:, 1986:, 1982:, 1978:, 1974:, 1970:, 1966:, 1962:, 1958:, 1954:, 1950:, 1844:. 1828:; 1816:; 1796:, 1561:, 1536:. 1490:. 1442:, 1438:: 7933:e 7926:t 7919:v 7413:e 7406:t 7399:v 6986:: 6919:: 6503:: 6483:: 6097:: 6057:: 5747:: 5702:e 5695:t 5688:v 4642:) 4623:( 4203:e 4196:t 4189:v 3716:e 3709:t 3702:v 3688:. 3659:. 3636:. 3617:. 3600:. 3567:. 3544:. 3518:: 3512:3 3497:. 3476:. 3453:. 3435:. 3408:. 3379:. 3354:. 3315:. 3284:. 3254:. 3104:. 3090:: 3071:. 2996:. 2948:. 2917:. 2868:. 2841:. 2811:. 2786:6 2762:. 2750:: 2722:. 2710:: 2657:. 2626:. 2571:. 2479:( 2278:) 2274:( 2149:( 2124:) 2120:( 2084:. 1937:) 1933:( 1889:. 1434:( 1419:e 1412:t 1405:v 861:e 854:t 847:v

Index

a series
Culture of Bengal

History
People
Bangal
Bengali Muslims
Bengali Hindus
Bengali Buddhists
Bengali Christians
Bhadralok
Dhakaiyas
Ghoti
Mahimal
Sylhetis
List of Bengalis
Languages
Script
Dialects
Vocabulary
Grammar
Bengali Language Movement
Bengali Language Movement (Manbhum)
Bengali Language Movement (Barak Valley)
Bengali language Movement (North Dinajpur)
Bengali Muslim wedding
Walima
Bengali Hindu wedding
Panjika
Gaye holud

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