25:
391:
450:
323:
254:
296:(The National Palace). Bersih estimated the turnout to be at least 30,000, while the official claimed there were 10,000 protesters. Yellow shirts and ribbons were used as the symbol of protest as yellow is also the colour for citizen actions worldwide and for press freedom movement. A memorandum containing the four demands was submitted to the
410:
Bersih was unsatisfied with the PSC reports as (i) the existing
Election Commission was tasked to carry out the recommendations; (ii) many of the recommendations asked for a lengthy implementation period; (iii) many allegations of electoral frauds were not acknowledged in the report. In light of the
402:
Following the Bersih 2.0 demonstration, the
Malaysian government set up Parliamentary Select Committee (PSC) on 2 October 2011 to respond to the electoral issues. In early April 2012, PSC released a report with 22 recommendations to improve the electoral system. The report was received and passed by
368:
Bersih 2.0 was endorsed by 62 NGOs and joined by rallies in more than 30 international cities by oversea
Malaysians in solidarity. The rally was again denied a permit. Plans for the demonstration were extensively criticised by the government and pro-government media. Police set up multiple road
307:
Following the initial rally, Bersih indicated it may hold another street demonstration if government extended the tenure of
Election Commission (EC) chairperson Abdul Rashid Abdul Rahman. On 20 November 2007, Minister in the Prime Minister's Department Nazri Aziz tabled a first reading of the
224:
Bersih started out as a Joint Action
Committee for Electoral Reform which was formed in July 2005. In the following year September 2006, an Electoral Reform Workshop was held in Kuala Lumpur whereby the various leaders from political parties, civil society groups and NGOs, including
334:
The 2007 rally had raised
Malaysian citizens' awareness to the irregularities and controversies in the electoral system. Ahead of the anticipated 2012 13th general election, Bersih scheduled a second public demonstration at Kuala Lumpur on 9 July 2011. Bersih 2.0 rally, also called
479:
The gathering places for the rally should be located at
Brickfields, Pasar Seni, Dataran Maybank, National Mosque, and Sogo shopping mall, according to the Bersih 2.0 chairperson. This was the first Bersih rally that are racially imbalance, with Chinese predominantly at the rally.
461:
that was held on 5 May 2013, whereby invited witnesses gave testimonies on the irregularities and incidents of fraud. There were also calls for
Election Commission to resign due to the way electoral demarcations were formed in past redelineation exercises.
440:
Police again deployed tear gas and water cannon against the protestors, despite it being a peaceful demonstration. The chaos started when police began to scatter the crowd. Tear gas and water cannon targeted the exit points and the middle of the crowd.
376:. Estimates of the turnout on 9 July 2011 ranged from 10,000 to 50,000. The police deployed tear gas and water cannons to break up the protest and arrested more than 1600 protesters, including Ambiga and several event organisers and opposition figures.
509:
is a movement by
Malaysian diaspora communities to lend support to Bersih and its cause. In conjunction with the Bersih 2.0 rally, Global Bersih organised rallies in 38 international locations with 4,003 overseas Malaysians in solidarity:
308:
Constitution (Amendment) Bill 2007 that sought to extend the retirement age of members of
Election Commission (EC) from 65 to 66. Parliament passed legislation on 11 December to increase EC members' retirement age from 65 to 66.
303:
Malaysian police refused to issue a permit for the rally, rendering the rally illegal. Tear gas and chemical-laced water cannon were used by the riot police to disperse the crowd. 245 people were detained following the protest.
407:(House of Representatives) on 3 April 2012 according to the voice of the majority without debate. An opposition minority report was proposed to be included but was rejected by the Speaker of the Dewan Rakyat.
1412:
2077:
1669:
1386:
1840:
245:, Syed Shahir Syed Mohamud among others, came together to formulate a joint communiqué. The main objective of this meeting is to advocate for a clean and fair election in Malaysia.
1262:
411:
issues, the third public demonstration, namely the Bersih 3.0 rally, was announced and took place on 28 April 2012 at Dataran Merdeka. The Bersih 3.0 rally was a sit-down protest (
1924:
1886:
1881:
197:
In April 2010, the coalition was relaunched as an entirely civil society movement ("Bersih 2.0") unaffiliated to any political party. On 19 June 2011, former president of the
1459:
2070:
1835:
437:
rare earth project in Malaysia. In addition to the main rally at Kuala Lumpur, smaller rallies were held in 10 other cities in Malaysia, as well as in 34 other countries.
1323:
372:
After being granted an audience with the Yang di-Pertuan Agong to discuss the issue, Bersih subsequently agreed on 5 July 2011 to move the rally from the streets to
2063:
1416:
2225:
1967:
2203:
2109:
1901:
2277:
190:. Supporters of Bersih were urged to wear yellow T-shirts as a symbol of protest. The rally was often credited for the shift in political landscape in
2031:
1673:
1803:
900:
On 23 November 2006, Bersih issued its first joint communiqué with the endorsement from 25 non-governmental organisations and 5 political parties:
1295:
957:
778:
476:
Bersih 4 rallies were scheduled to be held on the streets of Kuala Lumpur, Kuching, and Kota Kinabalu from 29 to 30 August, 2pm until midnight.
2237:
2037:
1850:
1845:
1390:
271:
On Saturday 10 November 2007, Bersih held the first mass rally to make four demands to ensure a clean and fair electoral process in Malaysia:
1437:
2187:
498:. A Bersih convoy was also launched and targeted all parts of Malaysia to raise awareness of the current democratic problems nationwide.
2008:
2287:
1463:
1979:
1272:
2282:
1985:
1333:
2302:
1919:
1896:
1829:
1796:
194:, when the incumbent National Front coalition failed to obtain a two-thirds supermajority for the first time since 1969.
1930:
1860:
1015:
2307:
1600:
147:
The idea of Bersih was initiated by five opposition parties in 2005 which later included other NGOs in this as well.
1413:"Bersih's People Tribunal not challenging GE13 results, just observing whether it was clean - the Malaysian Insider"
1940:
1891:
689:
158:
under Prime Minister's Department for manipulating the electoral process to give an unfair advantage to the ruling
1644:
216:) were organised seeing that the demands for the electoral reforms have not been met by the Electoral Commission.
1945:
1789:
697:
458:
191:
155:
2086:
948:
1184:
1156:
2297:
1935:
1622:
1086:
963:
810:
137:
1695:
2292:
1855:
1356:"Response from Bersih 2.0 to the recommendations of the Parliamentary Select Committee on electoral reform"
1002:
885:
339:, called for eight points, including the four demands that remained not met in the 2008 general election:
202:
873:
293:
258:
2026:
1781:
2115:
159:
2209:
2219:
2002:
1997:
1973:
1033:
1021:
234:
154:
that comprised leaders from political parties, civil society groups and NGOs. Bersih accused the
1234:
1039:
2139:
1027:
297:
226:
1743:
2055:
369:
blocks around Kuala Lumpur and arrested 225 Bersih supporters in the lead-up to the event.
675:
As of 28 October 2014, the 62 non-governmental organisations that endorse Bersih include:
8:
2193:
2145:
1267:
144:
to improve its democracy by ensuring free, clean and fair elections among other reforms.
38:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
2197:
1239:
1189:
1161:
238:
205:
162:
coalition. Bersih claimed that the electoral roll was marred by irregularities such as
2151:
1328:
266:
179:
1485:
936:
Gabungan Mahasiswa Islam Se-Malaysia (GAMIS) (Coalition of Muslim Students Malaysia)
2121:
2043:
2014:
1068:
843:
664:
New York City, Washington DC, Chicago, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Denver, Portland
385:
317:
213:
209:
171:
2231:
2097:
2181:
2169:
1486:"Bersih 2.0 | Gabungan Pilihanraya Bersih dan Adil – BERSIH 4: The Time Has Come"
1112:
373:
289:
183:
2255:
2157:
2103:
1300:
1072:
489:
471:
430:
163:
121:
2271:
2249:
2127:
1824:
457:
A tribunal was organised by Bersih on 18–21 September 2013 in regards to the
208:
became the chairperson of the coalition. In 2011 and 2012, two more rallies (
198:
175:
167:
151:
2163:
2133:
1865:
1578:
1212:
495:
404:
327:
230:
187:
1534:
288:
The rally took place in the area of Kuala Lumpur and Petaling Jaya around
2243:
2175:
1991:
1556:
1510:
1511:"Bersih 4.0 organisers list five demands, propose institutional reforms"
1811:
390:
242:
415:
in Malay). In addition to the eight previous demands, it called for:
1579:"Why Bersih is marching for the fifth time on Nov 19 - Malaysiakini"
449:
429:
Bersih 3.0 was endorsed by 84 NGOs. In particular, it was joined by
2020:
425:
Observation of the 13th general election by international observers
322:
253:
141:
71:
1744:"Launching of BERSIH - Gabungan untuk Pilihanraya Bersil dan Adil"
1090:
984:
Solidariti Mahasiswa Malaysia (SMM) (Students Solidarity Malaysia)
849:
Solidariti Mahasiswa Malaysia (SMM) (Students Solidarity Malaysia)
1841:
Electoral Institute for the Sustainability of Democracy in Africa
1699:
1296:"Malaysia Street Protests Averted as Group Agrees to Use Stadium"
1263:"Bersih's Ambiga: No street march, rally will be held in stadium"
453:
Crowd listening to Maria's speech in Merdeka Square, Kuala Lumpur
182:
with 10,000 to 40,000 turnout and held a public demonstration at
1925:
International Centre for Human Rights and Democratic Development
882:
Women Institute for Research Development and Advancement (WIRDA)
422:
Implementation of the 8 demands before the 13th general election
987:
858:
1887:
International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance
1882:
Association of Central and Eastern European Election Officials
1776:
942:
Jaringan Rakyat Tertindas (JERIT) (Oppressed Citizens Network)
739:
Jaringan Rakyat Tertindas (JERIT) (Oppressed Citizens Network)
525:
Sydney, Canberra, Melbourne, Hobart, Adelaide, Brisbane, Perth
494:
The Bersih 5 rally was held peacefully on 19 November 2016 in
1670:"Global Bersih 2.0 – The Awakening of the Malaysian Diaspora"
784:
434:
140:(NGOs) which seeks to reform the current electoral system in
2085:
1836:
Consortium for Elections and Political Process Strengthening
1355:
281:
Abolition of postal voting for military and police personnel
1134:
709:
Dewan Perhimpunan Cina KL-Selangor (Jawatankuasa Hak Sivil)
395:
1721:
1769:
1235:"Thousands of Malaysians Rally for Changes to Elections"
972:
822:
150:
It was officially formed on 23 November 2006 as a joint
1968:
Caucasus Institute for Peace, Democracy and Development
1438:"EC must quit before new boundaries drawn, Bersih says"
996:
Unit Pemikiran Politik (UPP) (Political Thinktank Unit)
1324:"PSC report on electoral reforms passed in Parliament"
2110:
Korean Association of Bereaved Families for Democracy
712:
Educational, Welfare and Research Foundation Malaysia
105:
1902:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
909:
816:
Persatuan Pengguna & Sosial Daerah Petaling Jaya
769:
Malaysian Indian Development & Unity Association
760:
Malaysian Association of Indian University Graduates
679:
1812:
Election and democracy support/reform organizations
742:
Persatuan Kebangsaan Pelajar Islam Malaysia (PKPIM)
721:
Federation of Indian Non-Governmental Organisations
1535:"Racial imbalance, predominantly Chinese at rally"
1387:"Bersih Tribunal Report: GE13 failed in many ways"
870:University Malaya Association of New Youth (UMANY)
433:(Green Assembly), a civil movement protesting the
394:A scene from the Bersih 3.0 rally in Polo Ground,
355:Free and fair access to mass media for all parties
284:Free and fair access to mass media for all parties
178:frauds. On 10 November 2007, Bersih organised the
16:Group of Malaysian non-governmental organisations
2269:
895:
419:Resignation of the existing Electoral Commission
1460:"Bersih Tribunal: Set up Boundaries Commission"
1376:► 2:50► 2:50www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ek5mQkugUxQ
1294:Gan, Yen Kuan; Ten Kate, Daniel (5 July 2011).
958:Malaysia Youth and Students Democratic Movement
779:Malaysia Youth and Students Democratic Movement
2038:Parish Pastoral Council for Responsible Voting
2032:National Citizens' Movement for Free Elections
1851:Netherlands Institute for Multiparty Democracy
1846:International Foundation for Electoral Systems
300:, Malaysia's head of state, during the rally.
2071:
1797:
1698:. bersih.org. 28 October 2007. Archived from
1059:Khoo, Y. H. (2014). "NUS Libraries 360LINK".
330:peacefully before the police confronted them.
1213:"Malaysia: Bersih May Stage Another Protest"
1061:Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies
795:Penang Independent Schools Education Society
1293:
792:Oriental Hearts and Minds Institute (OHMSI)
733:Independence People Action Committee (IPAC)
444:
2078:
2064:
2009:Institute for Election Systems Development
1804:
1790:
1089:. bersih.org. 26 June 2011. Archived from
730:Indian Malaysian Active Generation (IMAGE)
533:Suzhou, Shenzhen, Shanghai, Hong Kong(SAR)
59:The Coalition for Clean and Fair Elections
2278:Political organisations based in Malaysia
1358:(Press release). bersih.org. 3 April 2012
807:Persatuan Alumni Han Chiang, Pulau Pinang
748:Kumpulan Aktivis Media Independent (KAMI)
2087:Gwangju Prize for Human Rights laureates
1115:. Prime Minister's Office. 30 April 2012
1079:
1003:Writers' Alliance for Media Independence
912:(Aliran) (The Peoples Flow of Awareness)
886:Writers' Alliance for Media Independence
682:(Aliran) (The Peoples Flow of Awareness)
448:
389:
379:
321:
311:
252:
1321:
990:(Suaram) (Voice of the People Malaysia)
978:Research for Social Advancement (REFSA)
966:(HAKAM) (National Human Rights Society)
861:(Suaram) (Voice of the People Malaysia)
828:Research for Social Advancement (REFSA)
813:(HAKAM) (National Human Rights Society)
772:Malaysian Indian Historical Association
703:Centre for Independent Journalism (CIJ)
2270:
1672:. www.globalbersih.org. Archived from
918:Centre of Independent Journalism (CIJ)
757:Majlis Kelab Bell Belia Tamil Malaysia
483:
465:
118:Coalition for Clean and Fair Elections
2059:
1986:Coalition for Free and Open Elections
1785:
1615:
1593:
1549:
1232:
1185:"Hundreds held over Malaysia protest"
804:Persatuan Alumni Han Chiang, Malaysia
1980:Citizens' Group on Electoral Process
1920:Westminster Foundation for Democracy
1897:United Nations Development Programme
1830:Centre for Democracy and Development
1637:
1571:
1322:Mokhtar, Ili Liyana (3 April 2012).
1058:
999:Women's Development Collective (WDC)
924:Civil Rights Committee, KLSCAH (CRC)
358:Strengthening of public institutions
248:
126:Gabungan Pilihanraya Bersih dan Adil
18:
1746:. dapmalaysia.org. 23 November 2006
1625:. The Malay Mail. 14 September 2016
1260:
789:Movement For Change, Sarawak (MoCS)
326:Protesters marching the streets of
13:
1931:International Republican Institute
1861:European Partnership for Democracy
1603:. The Malay Mail. 7 September 2016
1601:"Maria Chin: Bersih 5 in November"
1581:. Malaysia Kini. 14 September 2016
1157:"Tear gas fired at Malaysia rally"
981:Save Ourselves Penang (SOS Penang)
852:Southeast Asian Centre for e-Media
517:Wellington, Auckland, Christchurch
352:Minimum 21 days of campaign period
14:
2319:
1761:
1113:"Election Commission of Malaysia"
1105:
939:Group of Concerned Citizens (GCC)
921:Citizens’ Health Initiative (CHI)
915:All Women's Action Society (AWAM)
819:Pertubuhan IKRAM Malaysia (IKRAM)
727:Group of Concerned Citizens (GCC)
694:All Women's Action Society (AWAM)
1941:National Endowment for Democracy
1892:European Endowment for Democracy
837:Saya Anak Bangsa Malaysia (SABM)
690:Malaysian Islamic Youth Movement
501:
23:
2288:2006 establishments in Malaysia
1946:Taiwan Foundation for Democracy
1913:government-funded organizations
1875:Intergovernmental organizations
1736:
1714:
1688:
1662:
1645:"Bersih 5 rally set for Nov 19"
1557:"Bersih 5 rally set for Nov 19"
1527:
1503:
1478:
1462:. 25 March 2014. Archived from
1452:
1430:
1405:
1389:. 25 March 2014. Archived from
1379:
1370:
1348:
1315:
1287:
969:Persatuan Ulama’ Malaysia (PUM)
879:Women in Disability Association
763:Malaysian Dravidian Association
754:LLG Cultural Development Centre
736:Islamic Renaissance Front (IRF)
698:Council of Churches of Malaysia
257:Rallying crowd in front of the
1724:. bersih.org. 23 November 2006
1332:. Kuala Lumpur. Archived from
1254:
1226:
1205:
1177:
1149:
1127:
1052:
954:Malaysian Voters Union (MALVU)
949:Malaysian Trade Union Congress
933:ERA Consumer Malaysia (ERACON)
927:Community Action Network (CAN)
343:Clean up of the electoral roll
275:Clean up of the electoral roll
138:non-governmental organisations
86:Muhammad Faisal bin Abdul Aziz
1:
1936:National Democratic Institute
1137:. bersih.org. 22 October 2007
1046:
904:Non-government organisations:
896:Original member organisations
766:Malaysian Hindu Youth Council
718:Friends in Conversation (FIC)
2283:Electoral reform in Malaysia
1856:World Movement for Democracy
1818:Internationally focused NGOs
1722:"BERSIH Launchin Parliament"
1261:Lee, Yen Mun (5 July 2011).
945:Labour Resource Centre (LRC)
855:Students Reserve Unit (SERU)
751:Labour Resource Centre (LRC)
706:Child Development Initiative
670:
136:in Malay) is a coalition of
7:
2303:Malaysian political slogans
1135:"Bersih people's gathering"
973:Pusat Komunikasi Masyarakat
964:Persatuan Hak Asasi Manusia
823:Pusat Komunikasi Masyarakat
811:Persatuan Hak Asasi Manusia
10:
2324:
2027:Israel Democracy Institute
1233:Gooch, Liz (9 July 2011).
1073:10.14764/10.aseas-2014.1-8
745:Klang Consumer Association
487:
469:
383:
315:
292:(Independence Square) and
264:
219:
2116:Dandeniya Gamage Jayanthi
2093:
1954:
1910:
1874:
1817:
1623:"Bersih 5 on November 19"
993:Tamil Foundation Malaysia
864:Tamil Foundation Malaysia
100:
90:
80:
64:
32:This article needs to be
2308:Anti-corruption activism
2220:Jatupat Boonpattararaksa
2003:Electoral Reform Society
1998:Democracy Watch (Canada)
1974:Europe-Georgia Institute
930:EMPOWER (Pusat Janadaya)
874:Women's Aid Organisation
715:Empower (Pusat Janadaya)
685:Anwar Ibrahim Club (AIC)
445:Bersih People's Tribunal
1034:Parti Sosialis Malaysia
1022:Parti Islam Se-Malaysia
1016:Democratic Action Party
910:Aliran Kesedaran Rakyat
831:Rumah Anak Teater (RAT)
801:Persahabatan Semparuthi
680:Aliran Kesedaran Rakyat
346:Reform of postal ballot
1040:Sarawak National Party
891:Youth for Change (Y4C)
724:Good Governance Penang
648:Cork, Limerick, Dublin
454:
399:
337:the Walk for Democracy
331:
262:
125:
2226:Fr. Nandana Manatunga
2140:Angkhana Neelaphaijit
1028:Parti Keadilan Rakyat
988:Suara Rakyat Malaysia
859:Suara Rakyat Malaysia
840:Sembang-sembang Forum
775:Malaysian Tamil Forum
565:United Arab Emirates
452:
393:
380:2012 Bersih 3.0 rally
325:
312:2011 Bersih 2.0 rally
298:Yang di-Pertuan Agong
256:
227:Wan Azizah Wan Ismail
192:2008 general election
2298:Protests in Malaysia
2204:Latifah Anum Siregar
1955:Country focused NGOs
349:Use of indelible ink
278:Use of indelible ink
2293:Democracy movements
2194:Mothers of Khavaran
2146:Irom Chanu Sharmila
1466:on 20 November 2016
1393:on 20 November 2016
1093:on 26 February 2012
484:2016 Bersih 5 rally
466:2015 Bersih 4 rally
156:Election Commission
61:
2198:Adilur Rahman Khan
1537:. malaysiakini.com
1240:The New York Times
1193:. 12 November 2007
1190:Al Jazeera English
1165:. 10 November 2007
1162:Al Jazeera English
1087:"About Bersih 2.0"
1010:Political parties:
785:Micah Mandate, The
455:
400:
332:
263:
239:Nasharudin Mat Isa
206:Ambiga Sreenevasan
92:Deputy Chairperson
55:
2265:
2264:
2152:Lenin Raghuvanshi
2053:
2052:
1825:The Carter Center
1329:New Straits Times
637:Northern Ireland
459:general elections
364:No dirty politics
267:2007 Bersih rally
249:2007 Bersih rally
114:
113:
60:
53:
52:
2315:
2122:Aung San Suu Kyi
2080:
2073:
2066:
2057:
2056:
2044:Unlock Democracy
2015:Fair Vote Canada
1806:
1799:
1792:
1783:
1782:
1777:official website
1773:
1772:
1770:Official website
1756:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1740:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1676:on 23 April 2012
1666:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1575:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1531:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1497:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1415:. Archived from
1409:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1383:
1377:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1352:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1336:on 28 April 2012
1319:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1271:. Archived from
1258:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1181:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1056:
844:Sisters in Islam
386:Bersih 3.0 rally
318:Bersih 2.0 rally
172:malapportionment
110:
107:
62:
58:
54:
48:
45:
39:
27:
26:
19:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2312:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2261:
2182:Mun Jeong Hyeon
2170:Sushil Pyakurel
2089:
2084:
2054:
2049:
1950:
1912:
1906:
1870:
1813:
1810:
1768:
1767:
1764:
1759:
1749:
1747:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1727:
1725:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1705:
1703:
1702:on 8 April 2012
1694:
1693:
1689:
1679:
1677:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1653:
1651:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1628:
1626:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1606:
1604:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1584:
1582:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1562:
1560:
1559:. The Sun Daily
1555:
1554:
1550:
1540:
1538:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1519:
1517:
1509:
1508:
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700:(CCM) Youth
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1047:References
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243:Teresa Kok
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210:Bersih 2.0
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132:(meaning
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220:History
101:Website
56:Bersih
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