1243:
to expel the others, accusing them of sabotage, and to sever all links with the government. The Inculeț group joined the PNL on
January 20, 1923, and, alongside Ciugureanu's group, established the historically strong National Liberal chapter in Chișinău. The two prominent leaders headed a distinct and marginalized faction within the larger party, often critical of the PNL's selection of cadres. They also had a long-standing conflict with each other. A minor PȚB, with Pelivan at its helm, caucused with the PȚ within a "Bessarabian Bloc", which, in March 1923, signed up to a protest against the PNL's "attempt at enslaving an entire people". At the time, there were six PȚB parliamentarians: Bivol, Crihan, Pelivan,
1186:
the party in two. After a new party congress in May 1921, both
Halippa and Inculeț dismissed persistent rumors that Stere's "Independent Peasants' Party" had merged into the PȚB, despite Mihalache's interventions in favor of Stere. Halippa's supporters passed a resolution approving of a later union with the PȚ, and also stating their implicit collaboration with "all democratic forces" against "the reactionary tendencies of the oligarchy". Such terminology referred to the PP and the PNL, and alienated the Inculeț group, who were moving closer to an understanding with the National Liberals.
571:
541:
1162:, a Gendarme shot and killed two peasants, trying to quell agitation by a PȚB candidate. As noted in administrative reports of the era, the public itself was voting against centralism, for the party that promised them to disband the Gendarmerie. Despite its weakening splits and the violent incidents on the campaign trail, the PȚB was able to win 23 (or 25) mandates in the Assembly and 6 in the Senate, with a plurality of the regional vote (48%), just ahead of the PP (at 46%). Its fief was a tri-county area comprising Bălți, Tighina and
482:. Its list included, among others, Inculeț, Pântea, and Halippa. While the election results "were never fully tabulated", later counts indicated the Peasants' Soviet as one of the most important political players, winning between 35% and 37% of the accounted votes, with strong support from the Romanian-speaking rural population. The results would have allowed the party to hold 5 of the 13 Bessarabian deputy seats, as many as the local Esers; in contrast, the PNM, only gathering 2–3% of the vote, would have failed to win any.
1056:
761:
1198:. On July 18, Halippa, Stere, and 10 other deputies formally adhered to the PȚ. They "retained some autonomy" within the latter, ensuring an important Bessarabian electoral basis for Mihalache. The core faction of the PȚB, led by Inculeț, assumed control of the party during Halippa's absence, which prevented the merger from being more than a schism. On July 22, the party voted to expel Halippa, Buzdugan, Holban, and Minciună. Inculeț was chairman, seconded by Pelivan and Bârcă;
791:
1024:(PȚ), which had taken fourth place. The two groups agreed on principle to endorse a national platform of peasant rights and representation; delegates such as Bârcă began discussing the possibility of a fusion "sometime in the near future". In the Assembly, the PȚB had a crucial role to play: its deputies were vital to any governing coalition. On November 25, after intense debates, the PȚB and the PND agreed to back Parliamentary Bloc and its Prime Minister-designate,
40:
2910:
1143:; the moderates, under Pelivan, were inclined toward the PNL, which promised them limited autonomy. Pelivan was critical of the government's decision to disestablish the regional Directorate, which had handled executive power in Bessarabia, noting that "many civil servants are now going hungry", and alleging that a spoils system was being set up by Romanian administrators in "Romania's California". He also pleaded for the reintroduction of the
3303:
586:
556:
1110:(1922), adhered to the PȚ-led Federation of National Social Democracy (FDNS), comprising the bulk of opposition forces. Meanwhile, Niță was rewarded with the office of Minister for Bessarabia, and his centralizing campaign pitted him against his former colleagues. Bârcă (himself a former member of the PP), accused Niță of having purged the administration of its PȚB cadres. In another confrontation, Crihan, the PȚB deputy for
776:
1235:) or "Independent Party of the Bessarabian Peasants", only collaborated with the PNL in Ismail and Cetatea Albă counties; elsewhere, it ran as an opposition party. The campaign was primarily fought against Stere and the PȚ, and focused on emphasizing the party's image as the true inheritor of agrarian legitimacy. Such tactics were later excoriated by Stere, who called the PȚB "demagogic" and "anti-national".
666:, and the introduction of free primary education. It chose the name of "Bessarabian Peasants' Party" only at the last minute: Halippa and Ciugureanu had proposed the name of "National Democratic Party", which continued to be used as an alternative for months after the party's establishment. That name had been used by Pelivan and Halippa around 1906, when they first associated with
1090:, broke out of the PȚB and joined Averescu. Dissatisfied with work in the opposition, Ciugureanu and his followers also separated and ran as a "Democratic Union Party of Bessarabia", but, failing to win any seats, went over to the PNL. Inculeț later claimed that he had sidelined Ciugureanu, whom he accused of carrying out "personal business" from within the party.
986:. Some consequently boycotted the election altogether. The Romanian League only put up candidates in Cahul County, which it won; it remained the only constituency not fully carried by the Peasantists. The PȚB had virtually no adversaries in Hotin and Ismail, for either the Assembly or the Senate. It was similarly unchallenged for the Assembly seats of
1178:, Halippa had managed to have Stere run as a PȚB candidate, but not a PȚB member, in the by-elections of Soroca. During the early months of 1921, the opposition collapsed into factions. Iorga, the Assembly President, refused to validate Stere's deputy mandate—meeting opprobrium from an ad-hoc coalition of PȚB-ists, Laborites and
990:. The Bessarabian Peasantists won the majority of regional votes and emerged as the third party nationally, with 72 seats in the Assembly—the PNL had 103, just ahead of its rival, the PNR, which had 99. Stroescu was the Assembly's oldest member, and as such entitled to lead procedures in the absence of an elected
1114:, expressed his dissatisfaction: "We did not conceive of Bessarabia's union with Romania as where we give it to you for exploitation." The same was argued by Pelivan, according to whom a "truly democratic state" required "full decentralization of the administrative and economic life." In turn, the PP's
1242:
On March 12, the PNL, PȚB and PDU formed a governing coalition supporting Brătianu. Inculeț, having retaken his post of
Minister for Bessarabia, set up a new Central Committee, with members such as Pântea and Bârcă, in October 1922. Consequently, Pelivan and Crihan reestablished the old CC, and voted
1185:
Halippa and Stere stood together. According to Iorga, Halippa threatened with a parliamentary walkout, while Stere announced (to Inculeț's annoyance) that
Bessarabia was ripe for revolution. Moving to the center, Inculeț vetoed Stere's adherence to the PȚB, his stand-off with Halippa almost splitting
1169:
The PȚB's stand within the opposition became a cause for disputes among the other parties. Beginning in March, its envoys began talks of a fusion with
Mihalache's PȚ. This move was resisted by Pelivan especially, who believed that political life also required decentralization. The talks also involved
703:
and elections for a new regional assembly. The party helped to push through its land reform project during the very last session of the
Bessarabian legislature (November 27). By then, however, the PȚB as a whole had switched to a more moderate land reform project (with compensation) and an acceptance
501:
had toppled the Esers, he switched from supporting
Russian federalism to preserving his republic as an independent state, and needed the nationalists' backing. Pelivan was always suspicious of the President's true motivations, and later went on record with allegations that Inculeț was unreliable and
1238:
The results were mixed. In the early race for the Senate, the gains were very small: Inculeț and his PNL allies had between them 13 seats, while the PȚ had won 11, with Stere personally defeating Inculeț at Bălți. With open and fraudulent support from the PNL government, Inculeț repeated some his
502:
not in fact devoted to his country, but "belonged to the
Russian nation." Inculeț defended himself against such charges. In his account, he had merely passed himself off for a revolutionary, in hopes of dissuading radicals from toppling his government, and "hide his sentiments".
1086:(PP) extended an offer for merger. Inculeț accepted it, but was threatened by his colleagues with expulsion. On April 21, a PȚB Congress forced him to renounce his position as Minister for Bessarabia, which he had maintained under six consecutive regimes. A small faction, led by
712:, and obtained that he and other members of the regional administration be allowed to stand in elections without renouncing their offices. On November 17, the PȚB absorbed the Bessarabian People's League (LPB), which had existed since September. On December 6, former LPB leader
1009:, all of whom demanded a partition of Bessarabia. Nevertheless, the PȚB also expressed reserves toward Romanian centralism, and, for a while, its leaders contemplated forming a purely regionalistic alliance with other deputies from Bessarabia, Bukovina, Transylvania and the
1040:, reportedly addressed Vaida a letter of protest, which referred to Romanian authorities as engaged in "terrifying crimes" against the Bessarabian populace. That text also argued that Bessarabians had come to resent Romanians as a whole, disparagingly referring to them as "
871:
On April 27–29, 1919, Halippa, Bârcă and
Minciună organized the Peasant Congress, where 130 rural delegates from across Bessarabia were invited to weigh in on the land reform project, and also to read the PȚB program. This defined the party line to be preserved for the
892:. Crihan and Ciobanu were the two Vice Presidents, while Halippa was reconfirmed as chairman. The party also selected a political symbol and electoral logo: the scythe and rake, crossed. In the electoral precincts of Hotin County, this symbol was replaced by a sickle.
1122:
The
Congress also adopted a new program, comprising radical, "at times socialistic", demands, and acquiring "a radical leftist orientation". It restated the need for a universal land reform, while adding new demands: a non-political form of self-government, the
386:
on August 23, 1918, some months after Bessarabia's union with Romania. It was the fusion of two groups that has previously existed in the Moldavian Democratic Republic. Many cadres, including Halippa, had belonged to the "Moldavian Bloc", which represented
1223:. The latter attacked Halippa frequently, calling him such epithets as "chauvinistic" and "uncouth". The PȚB quit the FDNS and allied itself to the PNL, but asked in return that the latter party abandon its electoral chapters in Bessarabia. In early 1922,
876:, which were Romania's first experience of universal male suffrage. There followed an enlargement and reshuffling in April 1919. Bivol, Cazacu, Costin and Stârcea were out; new members of the CC included Buzdugan, P. Erhan, Minciună, Pântea, Pelivan,
409:. According to historian Andrei Cemârtan: "The members themselves made no effort to conceal that only the name had changed, meaning more precisely that the National Moldavian Party had become the Peasants' Party, as circumstances had changed."
727:
in March 1919, it was explicitly dedicated to tackling the Bessarabian Peasantists' "absolutism and exclusivity". It accused Halippa of having dismantled the old network of administrative autonomy and civil liberties, in particular the
1239:
1919 success in the contest for the Assembly. The PȚB obtained 22 deputy seats and the fourth position nationally, while, in Bessarabia, Halippa's PȚ chapter only won 7 seats (the Averescu party registered less than 2% regionally).
1202:, Mîță, A. Gropa and E. Dumbravă were co-opted on the CC. In fact, several of the latter had already left the party and sided with Halippa. The Inculeț party only represented two Bessarabian constituencies (Lăpușna and
723:(PNL) cabinet maintained PȚB leaders into the ranks of Bessarabia's administration. At a regional level, the PȚB soon found itself confronted by another nationalist group, called "Romanian League". Formed by Cazacu and
1118:
accused Ciugureanu and Inculeț of having "monopolized" regional power, "pushing out of their way each and all valuable Bessarabian element". He also denied that the PȚB had played any part in securing the union.
513:
declared the republic's full independence on January 23, 1918. In March, this was reversed by a new vote on union, with Inculeț and Ciugureanu becoming Ministers for Bessarabia in the Romanian cabinet of
1151:
as well. An appeasement of the party came in April 1920, when Averescu reintroduced Bessarabian ideas in his own land reform law, reducing the sum owed in compensation to the dispossessed landowners.
849:
3801:
1013:. As summarized by Cemârtan: "The Bessarabian elites and public opinion preferred to avoid the consecrated parties, since extension could bring with it undesirable customs and methods."
357:. Halippa supported such a fusion, and took his supporters out of the PȚB; Inculeț reclaimed for himself the party leadership, and, in 1922, formed an alliance with the governing
796:
616:
994:; he was also the first Bessarabian to hold that distinction. The PȚB also sent 37 of its members to Senate, almost the totality of Bessarabian delegates to that chamber.
4109:
982:
Lastly, members of the PȚB administration were alleged by their political adversaries to have committed fraud and abuse of power, with the election taking place under a
4019:
440:
3649:
650:
The new nationalist–agrarian alliance stood for a radical platform, demanding land reform with full expropriation, and the preservation of regional autonomy within
1033:
2962:
825:, which aimed to be recognized as a PȚB section. This recognition never arrived: in January 1919, the PȚB informed Vizanti and his followers that a team under
4104:
3983:
900:
The party registered major gains in the election of November 1919, the first to involve all of Greater Romania. The PȚB was effectively in alliance with the
624:
4419:
3284:
2895:
1252:
742:, wrote back to Inculeț complaining that the Romanian administration was being vilified by "the Russians and the Jews". When the Esers' Bessarabian envoy,
832:
There followed several months of campaigning through small-scale "peasant congresses", attended by party eminences. Pântea organized one such meeting for
3368:
829:
represented it locally. As a result, Vizanti joined the Romanian League in forming a "conservative nationalist" caucus, directly competing with the PȚB.
826:
3806:
967:, the Bessarabian votes were mainly drawn by the party's "far-left", reflecting the Bessarabian's public's rejection of the Romanian establishment. In
696:
509:
to assume effective control of the country, hoping to use them against the Bolshevik insurgents. Urged on by Inculeț, Ciugureanu and Pantelimon Erhan,
1248:
4354:
3998:
3363:
3084:
2831:
699:—joined a protest alongside delegates from the Moldavian Bloc, the ethnic minorities, and the trade unions. They demanded the reversal of Romania's
3786:
3781:
3333:
3262:
2997:
2873:
1154:
The elections themselves were noted for their physical confrontations between government and opposition. Inculeț was arrested while campaigning in
845:
837:
3373:
991:
607:
According to Cemârtan, the new party's creation reflected Bessarabian suspicion of Marghiloman's politics, and in particular their fear that his
365:, the PȚB was again co-opted into government. Inculeț and his supporters entered the National Liberal Party in early 1923, leaving the surviving
4349:
3953:
3811:
2939:
2935:
4409:
4404:
4231:
3907:
3614:
3348:
3338:
3109:
952:. Although favored by Halippa, this attempt was rejected by Inculeț, and became the first of several incidents separating the two leaders.
300:
836:
on February 4, 1919. Over the following weeks and months, this section enlisted members from various cultural backgrounds. These included
4399:
4323:
4099:
4024:
3670:
3388:
2513:
Cemârtan, p. 139; Suveică, p. 94. See also Ion Ilincioiu, "Studiu introductiv", in Vasile Niculae, Ion Ilincioiu, Stelian Neagoe (eds.),
1067:
Despite Iorga's repeated efforts to enact the land reform on the coalition's own terms, the Vaida government was ordered to step down by
608:
4364:
475:
3644:
3148:
436:
4170:
4160:
3877:
3796:
3705:
3700:
3277:
2888:
2136:
4394:
4379:
4359:
4034:
3887:
3343:
4389:
4266:
4236:
4124:
4029:
3882:
3771:
3629:
3573:
3408:
3353:
901:
720:
431:. References to a "Bessarabian Peasants' Party" date back to the era before World War I. A faction of that name existed in the
358:
111:
3639:
3634:
1255:. The group only survived independently until September of that year, when Pelivan himself signed up with the opposition PNR.
959:
group, the Bessarabian League against Bolshevism, whose founder, General Alexandru Anastasiu, ran on Peasantist lists for the
813:, the old PNM tribune, which it relaunched in a new edition in 1918. Other political tribunes appeared only in 1919, with the
4384:
4049:
3323:
3154:
3012:
2868:
2847:
2775:
2757:
2121:
1063:; darker green is the tri-county area providing the party with its most consistent support through to its disbanding in 1923
4369:
3872:
3695:
3328:
3293:
3241:
2904:
1083:
450:
Various Peasant Faction affiliates, like other future PȚB cadres, had belonged to left-wing parties in Russia. Inculeț and
335:
239:
4256:
3821:
3791:
3741:
3685:
3479:
3358:
3270:
3114:
3027:
2987:
2881:
2762:
Roumen Daskalov, "Agrarian Ideologies and Peasant Movements in the Balkans", in Roumen Daskalov, Diana Mishkova (eds.),
1182:. The issue was taken up by a November 1920 Congress, which voted to continue with the FDNS, but also vetoed any merger.
997:
The victory of a unionist party was held in Romania as a democratic reconfirmation of the unification, and effectively a
474:. In November 1917, almost a year before the PȚB's formal registration, a party of the same name had participated in the
342:, it still won Bessarabia by a significant margin, openly embracing the cause of decentralization and regional autonomy.
4044:
3993:
3836:
3756:
3458:
3318:
3213:
3130:
1001:. It was used as evidence of the union's legality by the PȚB itself, against the claims stated by the Bolsheviks, the
4291:
4286:
4084:
3973:
3428:
3136:
3099:
2931:
2804:
2522:
913:
3292:
2903:
1526:
Ionaș Aurelian Rus, "The Roots and Early Development of Moldovan-Romanian Nationalism in Bessarabia (1900–1917)" in
4180:
4175:
4155:
4150:
3937:
3841:
3578:
3398:
3042:
2967:
570:
319:
3736:
1211:
1166:, where it won an absolute victory; it lost Ismail County (Avrescu's birthplace), taken by the PP in a landslide.
809:
140:
4374:
3831:
3534:
3007:
2720:
Andrei Cemârtan, "Le Parti des Paysans de Bessarabie et la rivalité entre Pantelimon Halippa et Ion Inculeț", in
345:
Rallied with the national opposition by 1921, the PȚB was effectively split over merging into a caucus formed by
330:, and an essential partner in government. It was therefore co-opted by the Parliamentary Bloc, formed around the
540:
4414:
4281:
4226:
4145:
3393:
3064:
2925:
1355:
1327:
1299:
1228:
1194:
Over the following month, Stere managed to obtain the PȚ adhesion of seven PȚB deputies, including Halippa and
1079:
1060:
1006:
873:
523:
519:
459:
362:
339:
323:
2114:
Basarabia după 200 de ani. Lucrările Conferinței Internaționale 'Basarabia după 200 de ani'. Iași, 12 mai 2012
1032:. Inculeț, Halippa and Pelivan were all appointed to ministerial office in the Vaida cabinet. On December 25,
4185:
4054:
3675:
3593:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3059:
3032:
1282:
968:
735:
455:
443:
as a state language of Russia. The same title was later used in common parlance for the Peasants' Faction of
296:
3624:
4074:
3932:
3912:
3619:
3166:
2517:, p. 12. Bucharest: Editura Noua Alternativă & Social Theory Institute of the Romanian Academy, 1994.
1021:
739:
619:
were Vice Presidents. The first-ever Central Committee (CC) included Halippa, Holban, Inculeț, Ciugureanu,
479:
350:
160:
4201:
4079:
4064:
4059:
3917:
3902:
3198:
3188:
2972:
2112:, "Direcțiile istoriografiei în Republica Moldova independentă", in Mihai Baciu, Silvia Bocancea (eds.),
1111:
1037:
760:
432:
1159:
932:, who was a doyen of the PNM and the emancipation movement. The PȚB also proposed eligible positions to
4251:
4221:
3927:
3826:
3761:
3746:
3690:
3509:
3499:
3203:
3104:
2796:
1179:
972:
746:, alleged that the region actually resisted incorporation into Romania, Inculeț called him "idiotic".
4069:
3978:
3857:
3816:
3588:
3529:
3519:
3474:
3453:
3448:
3413:
3383:
3193:
2982:
1195:
945:
790:
632:
4119:
3988:
3968:
3776:
3766:
3583:
3223:
3208:
3160:
3089:
1041:
987:
841:
734:. While the PȚB caucused with the PNL at a central level, the League joined up with the opposition
398:
101:
2861:
Basarabia în primul deceniu interbelic (1918–1928): modernizare prin reforme. Monografii ANTIM VII
2764:
Entangled Histories of the Balkans, Volume Two: Transfers of Political Ideologies and Institutions
4261:
3897:
3710:
3094:
3037:
3002:
2977:
1163:
1124:
905:
555:
331:
115:
2782:
Publicațiile periodice românești (ziare, gazete, reviste). Vol. III: Catalog alfabetic 1919–1924
4276:
4129:
4094:
4089:
4039:
3958:
3715:
3494:
3142:
3047:
3022:
2945:
2735:
1203:
1071:
1025:
857:
822:
705:
671:
612:
182:
833:
585:
4246:
4241:
4216:
3751:
3731:
3539:
3514:
3489:
3484:
3074:
3052:
3017:
1132:
1029:
676:
515:
1224:
1139:. Some of the party's deputies became noted within the FDNS for their radicalism, embracing
775:
4296:
4211:
4165:
3922:
3892:
3862:
3598:
3251:
3218:
2674:
1148:
971:, the PȚB received backing from left-wing Jews, including formal pledges of support by the
506:
486:
388:
244:
173:
2703:
964:
709:
8:
4328:
3246:
3079:
2727:
2141:
853:
663:
659:
494:
402:
234:
1175:
881:
3418:
3378:
3069:
1115:
1075:
655:
498:
295:. Comprising various pro-Romanian and regionalist factions that had existed within the
288:
203:
186:
169:
2780:
Ileana-Stanca Desa, Dulciu Morărescu, Ioana Patriche, Adriana Raliade, Iliana Sulică,
941:
692:
4271:
3403:
2864:
2852:
Sorin Radu, "Semnele electorale ale partidelor politice în perioada interbelică", in
2843:
2817:
2800:
2785:
2771:
2753:
2739:
2711:
2518:
2117:
1287:
1244:
1002:
960:
889:
713:
561:
451:
428:
393:
260:
885:
724:
640:
576:
467:
75:
4206:
2992:
2767:
1171:
1128:
1087:
865:
667:
424:
406:
354:
2793:
Legiunea 'Arhanghelul Mihail': o contribuție la problema fascismului internațional
860:. Historian Ion Gumenâi also notes that most of those who declared for the PȚB in
4318:
3236:
1068:
1055:
929:
716:
was made PȚB Vice President, alongside Ciobanu, while Holban became the Cashier.
688:
651:
615:. In its first session of 1918, the PȚB elected Halippa as chairman; Pelivan and
327:
3524:
2356:
Suveică, pp. 88–89. See also Cemârtan, pp. 132–133; Heinen, p. 462; Iorga, p. 30
1495:
Brătianu, p. 64; Clark, pp. 131–132, 144–145, 148–151, 175–176, 192; Constantin
4003:
3423:
983:
1209:
Inculeț registered the scythe-and-rake symbol as his own, but had to sell his
546:
412:
On its left, the PȚB also incorporated ethnic Romanians who had caucused with
308:
55:
4343:
4114:
2809:
1136:
1017:
976:
956:
949:
921:
636:
383:
346:
178:
125:
497:, his collaboration with the Moldavian Bloc was purely pragmatic: since the
3544:
2109:
1045:
909:
877:
861:
821:(1919). In 1918, Haralambie Vizanti had already set the Peasants' Party of
628:
620:
591:
463:
208:
71:
1231:. The Inculeț group, also known locally as the "Peasants' Liberal Party" (
1078:(March 1920). Internal divisions caused the PȚB to split weeks before the
3665:
3504:
2715:
2672:"Lupta contra Constituției liberale. Declarația Blocului Basarabean", in
1199:
1049:
937:
781:
766:
743:
708:. Ciugureanu served as Minister for Bessarabia in the government team of
700:
312:
304:
284:
165:
60:
50:
2821:
2743:
3963:
2836:
România Mare votează. Alegerile parlamentare din 1919 "la firul ierbii"
1140:
998:
933:
644:
471:
366:
292:
193:
129:
39:
807:
The PȚB soon began organizing itself locally. Its first newspaper was
1600:
Cemârtan, pp. 125, 131; Clark, pp. 195–203; Suveică, pp. 85, 204–205
4301:
2032:
Suveică, pp. 14, 72–73. See also Cemârtan, pp. 129–130; Poștarencu
1215:
to keep the party from going bankrupt. The party newspapers became
1170:
the PND, but Iorga rejected the close alliance between the PȚB and
917:
423:). The latter's notable members were Inculeț (its nominal leader),
311:, originally representing, respectively, its right and left wings;
212:
963:. However, according to the Romanian historian (and PNL politico)
318:
Effectively the government party of Bessarabia in the wake of its
3680:
3302:
3297:
2909:
2839:
1528:
Romanian Review of Political Sciences and International Relations
1052:
literature, but does not appear at all in parliamentary records.
955:
Before this election, the PȚB had incorporated into its ranks an
730:
627:, and several members of the autonomous Bessarabian Directorate:
397:, the republican legislature. The Bloc itself was a relic of the
979:
successfully ran on the PȚB list for a Senate seat at Chișinău.
1155:
1107:
1059:
PȚB electoral performance. Green indicates counties won in the
1028:. The Bloc also comprised the PȚ, the PDU, and remnants of the
1010:
925:
814:
2602:
Cemârtan, pp. 138, 141–142; Radu, p. 585; Suveică, pp. 90–92
1174:, whom Iorga regarded as a wartime traitor. After excluding
505:
In his tenure as president, Inculeț reluctantly allowed the
1543:, pp. 89–95, 111, 250–251, 265; Clark, pp. 148–151, 172–173
518:. Both of them, together with Pelivan, were elected to the
303:
and communism. The PȚB, founded in August 1918, was led by
1098:
The party, which set up other local newspapers, including
2750:
Ion Pelivan, părinte al mișcării naționale din Basarabia
1048:, Mîță's appeal was much quoted in later autonomist and
369:
to merge with the Romanian National Party in September.
334:, until the latter's government was brought down by the
4105:
National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement
3984:
National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement
2396:
Iorga, pp. 74, 118–121. See also Cemârtan, pp. 133–136
2814:
Memorii. Vol. III: Tristețea și sfârșitul unei domnii
2752:. Bucharest: Editura Biblioteca Bucureștilor, 2011.
1499:, pp. 89–90, 93–94, 169, 250–251, 265; Suveică, p. 68
439:. Centered on Dionisy Gulikin, it campaigned for the
338:. Although losing several of its chapters before the
326:, when it emerged as the third most popular party in
2189:
Suveică, p. 67. See also Cemârtan, pp. 131, 134, 143
1135:—to be replaced with "preferably locally recruited"
1016:
The party only found ideological common ground with
531:
Left-wing members of the Peasant Faction and the PȚB
224:
Federation of National Social Democracy (1920–1921)
904:(PND), which was based in Romania-proper, with the
1944:Suveică, pp. 72–73. See also Cemârtan, pp. 128–129
1206:); the rest went over to Halippa or ceased to be.
948:, approached the PȚB to become their candidate in
299:, it was brought together by shared opposition to
3085:Party of Development and Consolidation of Moldova
2515:Doctrina țărănistă în România. Antologie de texte
1227:formed a National Liberal cabinet, and called in
4341:
2732:Bessarabia. Russia and Roumania on the Black Sea
361:. Marginally defeating Halippa and Stere in the
3374:Federation of the Jewish Communities in Romania
2816:. Bucharest: Editura Națională Ciornei, 1931.
2646:
2644:
2577:
2575:
2116:, pp. 49–50. Iași: Institutul European, 2012.
1656:
1654:
485:During the same month, Inculeț was elected the
2137:"Corespondența personală a lui N. Iorga" (III)
3334:Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party
3278:
2963:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe
2889:
2724:, Vol. XVII, Issue 2, 2011, pp. 121–145.
2638:Suveică, pp. 93–94. See also Cemârtan, p. 142
2105:
2103:
856:; other affiliates were local Ukrainians and
738:. Pelivan, who lobbied for Bessarabia at the
458:, and had for long maintained links with the
4232:Federation of Socialist Parties from Romania
3787:Romanian Social Democratic Party (1990–2001)
3782:Romanian Social Democratic Party (1927–1948)
3349:Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania
3339:Community of the Lipovan Russians in Romania
3110:Unionist Movement of the Republic of Moldova
2748:Ion Constantin, Ion Negrei, Gheorghe Negru,
2641:
2572:
2071:
2069:
1651:
940:of the PNR, but they turned down the offer.
353:and the independent agrarian faction led by
4420:Political parties of the Russian Revolution
4100:National Democratic Hungarian-Szekler Party
4025:Bratstvo Community of Bulgarians in Romania
3389:Justice and Respect in Europe for All Party
1953:Cemârtan, pp. 128–129. See also Poștarencu
1905:Cemârtan, pp. 127–128. See also Poștarencu
1147:, and proposed that they be adopted in the
3285:
3271:
2896:
2882:
2589:
2587:
2495:Cemârtan, pp. 137–138; Iorga, pp. 187, 259
2280:
2278:
2100:
1189:
38:
3149:Political Alliance for a European Moldova
2766:, pp. 281–355. Leiden & Boston:
2708:Basarabia. Drepturi naționale și istorice
2338:Suveică, pp. 86–87. See also Iorga, p. 25
2066:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1717:Suveică, pp. 66, 67. See also Constantin
1438:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1093:
4355:Political parties disestablished in 1923
4156:Union of Patriots/National Popular Party
3369:Democratic Union of Turkic-Muslim Tatars
2197:
2195:
2010:, pp. 64–66, 79, 85; Suveică, pp. 67, 72
1263:
1054:
924:, ran for the Assembly on a PȚB list at
322:, the PȚB scored a major victory in the
2659:Cemârtan, pp. 143, 144–145; Constantin
2584:
2275:
864:during early 1919 were either Slavs or
751:Triumvirate leadership of the PȚB, 1918
405:—when Bessarabia was still part of the
4342:
4237:Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy
3364:Democratic Union of Slovaks and Czechs
3354:Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania
1724:
1429:
291:and, more specifically, the region of
281:Partidul Național-Democrat Moldovenesc
31:Partidul Național-Democrat Moldovenesc
4350:Political parties established in 1918
4050:General Jewish Labour Bund in Romania
3908:National Peasants' Party–Alexandrescu
3557:
3266:
3155:Alliance for European Integration III
2877:
2856:, Vol. XXXIX, 2002, pp. 573–586.
2192:
895:
719:The arrival to power in Romania of a
4410:Defunct political parties in Moldova
4405:Defunct political parties in Romania
1258:
1129:workers' participation in management
4257:National Liberal Ecologist Alliance
3802:Social Democratic Party of Bukovina
3792:Romanian Socialist Democratic Party
3742:Democratic National Salvation Front
3686:National Democratic Christian Party
3480:Alliance for the Union of Romanians
3409:Renewing Romania's European Project
3028:Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova
2998:Christian-Democratic People's Party
2988:Alliance for the Union of Romanians
2863:. Chișinău: Editura Pontos, 2010.
2710:. Bucharest: Editura Semne, 1995.
1530:, Vol. VI, Issue 2, 2009, pp. 18–19
852:, both of whom were leaders of the
401:(PNM), which had existed after the
277:Moldavian National Democratic Party
26:Moldavian National Democratic Party
13:
4400:Defunct agrarian political parties
3615:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats
3131:Alliance for Democracy and Reforms
1074:, who assigned the premiership to
382:The PȚB was officially founded in
14:
4431:
4365:1923 disestablishments in Romania
4287:Social Democratic Pole of Romania
3974:National-Christian Defense League
3137:Alliance for European Integration
2932:Bloc of Communists and Socialists
2097:, p. 163. See also Suveică, p. 73
874:general election of November 1919
683:In November 1918, various of its
4151:Ecologist Union of Romania Party
3888:Democratic Peasants' Party–Stere
3822:Social Protection People's Party
3812:Social Democratic Workers' Party
3645:National Liberal Party–Tătărescu
3329:Bulgarian Union of Banat–Romania
3301:
2973:European Social Democratic Party
2968:Dignity and Truth Platform Party
2908:
2681:
2666:
2663:, p. 166; Suveică, pp. 67, 93–94
2653:
2632:
2623:
2614:
2605:
2596:
2563:
2554:
2545:
2536:
2527:
2507:
1582:, pp. 98, 109, 113–125, 251, 265
1426:Cemârtan, p. 126; Suveică, p. 66
789:
774:
759:
584:
569:
554:
539:
3883:Democratic Peasants' Party–Lupu
3832:Socialist Party of Transylvania
3772:People's Party – Dan Diaconescu
3640:National Liberal Party–Câmpeanu
3635:National Liberal Party–Brătianu
2498:
2489:
2480:
2471:
2462:
2453:
2444:
2435:
2426:
2417:
2408:
2399:
2390:
2377:
2368:
2359:
2350:
2341:
2332:
2323:
2314:
2305:
2296:
2287:
2266:
2257:
2244:
2235:
2226:
2217:
2204:
2183:
2166:
2157:
2148:
2126:
2087:
2078:
2057:
2048:
2039:
2026:
2013:
2000:
1991:
1978:
1969:
1960:
1947:
1938:
1925:
1912:
1899:
1890:
1877:
1864:
1851:
1838:
1825:
1812:
1799:
1786:
1773:
1764:
1751:
1738:
1711:
1702:
1689:
1676:
1667:
1638:
1629:
1616:
1603:
1594:
1585:
1578:Clark, pp. 172–177; Constantin
1572:
1559:
1546:
1533:
1520:
1511:
1502:
1102:of Chișinău (founded 1921) and
842:Bessarabian Orthodox Metropolis
287:political party, active in the
265:Partidul Țărănesc din Basarabia
29:Partidul Țărănesc din Basarabia
4395:Regionalist parties in Romania
4380:Nationalist parties in Romania
4360:1918 establishments in Romania
4282:Romanian Democratic Convention
4227:Democratic Group of the Centre
4085:Jewish National People's Party
3706:Progressive Conservative Party
2926:Party of Action and Solidarity
1489:
1476:
1467:
1454:
1445:
1420:
1407:
1390:
602:
487:Moldavian Republic's President
460:Russian Provisional Government
16:Political party in Romania
1:
4390:Left-wing nationalist parties
4171:Party of Young Free Democrats
4161:National Reconstruction Party
4055:Group of Transylvanian Saxons
3938:Transylvanian Peasants' Party
3737:Communist Party (Nepeceriști)
3676:Conservative-Democratic Party
3594:Romanian National Unity Party
3434:Social Liberal Humanist Party
3060:National Alternative Movement
2834:, Andrei Florin Sora (eds.),
2697:
2210:Brătianu, pp. 130, 131; Desa
1622:Cemârtan, p. 125; Constantin
1131:, and the dismantling of the
736:Conservative-Democratic Party
687:deputies—including Tsyganko,
674:in putting out the newspaper
522:for Romanian colleges in the
297:Moldavian Democratic Republic
4385:Romanian nationalist parties
4181:Republican Party (1990–1993)
4176:Republican Party (1993–2004)
4035:Democratic Union of the Roma
3620:Free and Independent Faction
3574:Democratic Nationalist Party
3344:Cultural Union of Ruthenians
3177:Historical political parties
3167:Chance. Duties. Realization.
2905:Political parties in Moldova
2272:Iorga, p. 48; Suveică, p. 85
1400:, pp. 855, 1024; Poștarencu
944:, the nominally independent
902:Democratic Nationalist Party
654:. Other main proposals were
273:Partidul Țărănist Basarabean
269:Partidul Țărănesc Basarabean
7:
4370:Agrarian parties in Romania
4202:Alliance for Romanian Unity
4080:Jewish Democratic Committee
4030:Cultural Union of Albanians
3868:Bessarabian Peasants' Party
3558:
3199:Democratic Union of Freedom
3189:Communist Party of Moldavia
3184:Bessarabian Peasants' Party
2956:Extra-parliamentary parties
1922:, p. 84; Radu, pp. 575, 585
1007:Ukrainian People's Republic
257:Bessarabian Peasants' Party
24:Bessarabian Peasants' Party
10:
4436:
4252:Justice and Truth Alliance
4222:Christian Liberal Alliance
3878:Democratic Peasants' Party
3762:Party of Social Solidarity
3747:Democratic Party of Labour
3701:People's Party (2005–2006)
3691:National Renaissance Front
3324:Association of Macedonians
3105:Socialist Party of Moldova
2551:Cemârtan, pp. 138–139, 141
2084:Cemârtan, pp. 128, 130–131
1229:general elections in March
611:was against their desired
377:
372:
222:Parliamentary Bloc (1919)
4324:List of political parties
4314:
4267:People's Democratic Front
4194:
4186:Transylvania–Banat League
4138:
4012:
3979:National Fascist Movement
3946:
3933:Socialist Peasants' Party
3873:Democratic Agrarian Party
3850:
3817:Socialist Party of Labour
3724:
3696:People's Party (1918–1938
3658:
3607:
3589:National Union from Banat
3566:
3553:
3530:Romanian Nationhood Party
3520:National Rebirth Alliance
3475:Alliance for the Homeland
3467:
3414:Romanian Nationhood Party
3311:
3242:List of political parties
3232:
3194:Democratic Agrarian Party
3176:
3123:
2955:
2918:
2311:Suveică, pp. 205, 255–256
1233:Partidul Țărănesc Liberal
946:Prime Minister of Romania
320:formal union with Romania
230:
218:
202:
159:
135:
121:
107:
97:
89:
81:
67:
46:
37:
21:
4125:Ukrainian Workers' Party
4120:Ukrainian National Party
4065:Hungarian People's Union
4060:Hungarian People's Party
4020:Autonomous Swabian Party
3994:National Socialist Party
3989:National Romanian Fascio
3969:National Christian Party
3903:National Peasants' Party
3797:Romanian Socialist Party
3777:Romanian Communist Party
3757:National Salvation Front
3535:Romanian Socialist Party
3359:Democratic Turkish Union
3224:Popular Front of Moldova
3214:National Patriotic Front
3209:National Moldavian Party
3090:Party of Law and Justice
3033:Mișcarea Politică Unirea
2838:, pp. 61–92. Iași:
2678:, Issue 52/1923, pp. 1–2
1648:, p. 162; Suveică, p. 67
1384:
1044:". As noted by academic
399:National Moldavian Party
102:National Moldavian Party
4292:Social Democratic Union
3928:Radical Peasants' Party
3898:National Agrarian Party
3837:Socialist Workers Party
3807:Social Democratic Party
3711:Romanian National Party
3500:People's Movement Party
3459:Union of the Ukrainians
3429:Social Democratic Party
3319:Association of Italians
3100:Social Democratic Party
3013:European People's Party
3003:Democracy at Home Party
2978:Modern Democratic Party
2414:Iorga, pp. 126–127, 130
1417:, p. 82; Suveică, p. 66
1404:, p. 84; Suveică, p. 85
1190:Schisms and dissolution
1061:November 1919 landslide
906:Romanian National Party
493:. According to scholar
441:recognition of Romanian
332:Romanian National Party
226:Bessarabian Bloc (1923)
204:Political position
116:Romanian National Party
4375:Anti-communist parties
4277:Right Romania Alliance
4262:National Union PSD+PUR
4130:Union of Romanian Jews
4110:People's Council Party
3959:Crusade of Romanianism
3842:United Socialist Party
3630:National Liberal Party
3625:Liberal Union–Brătianu
3579:Democratic Union Party
3495:Nation People Together
3399:National Liberal Party
3143:Pro-European Coalition
3115:Working People's Party
3048:Romanian Popular Party
3043:National Liberal Party
2736:Dodd, Mead and Company
2533:Cemârtan, pp. 138, 139
2232:Suveică, pp. 68, 87–88
2135:Gheorghe I. Florescu,
2063:Suveică, pp. 14, 73–81
1094:Move toward autonomism
1064:
1026:Alexandru Vaida-Voevod
914:Democratic Union Party
740:Paris Peace Conference
721:National Liberal Party
470:had caucused with the
267:, PȚB or PȚ-Bas; also
264:
112:National Liberal Party
4415:History of Bessarabia
4247:Hungarian German Bloc
4242:Green Ecologist Party
4217:Centre Right Alliance
4045:German People's Party
3767:Peasant Workers' Bloc
3732:Banat Socialist Party
3540:The Right Alternative
3515:Greater Romania Party
3485:Greater Romania Party
3075:New Historical Option
3053:Save Bessarabia Union
3018:Greater Moldova Party
3008:Ecologist Green Party
2919:Parliamentary parties
2650:Cemârtan, pp. 143–144
2581:Cemârtan, pp. 141–142
2542:Cemârtan, pp. 139–142
2477:Cemârtan, pp. 136–137
2450:Cemârtan, pp. 134–136
2176:, p. 166; Poștarencu
2163:Cemârtan, pp. 131–132
1896:Cemârtan, pp. 126–127
1635:Cemârtan, pp. 125–126
1264:Legislative elections
1058:
1036:, as deputy-elect of
516:Alexandru Marghiloman
489:by his colleagues in
419:s "Peasant Faction" (
4297:Social Liberal Union
4212:Centre Left Alliance
4166:Party of Free Change
3918:Peasants' Party–Lupu
3893:League Against Usury
3863:Agrarian Union Party
3681:Constitutional Party
3599:United Romania Party
3252:Elections in Moldova
3219:Our Moldova Alliance
3065:National Unity Party
2675:Gazeta Transilvaniei
2302:Iorga, pp. 42–43, 83
840:, a hierarch of the
520:Assembly of Deputies
507:Romanian Land Forces
480:Constituent Assembly
462:. More to the left,
389:Romanian nationalism
219:National affiliation
4329:Politics of Romania
4146:Ecological Movement
3394:League of Albanians
3247:Politics of Moldova
2728:Charles Upson Clark
2432:Iorga, pp. 128, 131
2329:Iorga, pp. 145, 147
2142:Convorbiri Literare
1848:, pp. 63–64, 76, 83
1451:Suveică, pp. 62, 66
854:Bessarabian Germans
834:Cetatea Albă County
664:cooperative farming
495:Charles Upson Clark
403:February Revolution
235:Politics of Romania
3671:Conservative Party
3468:Extraparliamentary
3444:Union of Croatians
3439:Union of Armenians
3419:Save Romania Union
3379:Force of the Right
3070:New Force Movement
2859:Svetlana Suveică,
2830:, "Basarabia", in
2459:Iorga, pp. 153–155
2263:Suveică, pp. 84–85
2075:Suveică, pp. 73–74
1770:Suveică, pp. 66–67
1708:Clark, pp. 209–214
1591:Clark, pp. 175–177
1517:Clark, pp. 144–145
1253:Constantin Morariu
1225:Ion I. C. Brătianu
1212:Cuvânt Moldovenesc
1116:Vladimir Chiorescu
1076:Alexandru Averescu
1065:
992:Assembly President
975:; the old leftist
920:. The PND leader,
896:Parliamentary Bloc
819:Cuvântul Țăranului
810:Cuvânt Moldovenesc
662:), incentives for
656:universal suffrage
609:Conservative Party
499:October Revolution
476:ill-fated election
433:Russian State Duma
421:Fracția Țărănească
315:was the co-chair.
289:Kingdom of Romania
187:Agrarian socialism
170:Ethnic nationalism
141:Cuvânt Moldovenesc
4337:
4336:
4310:
4309:
4272:Red Quadrilateral
4075:Italian Community
3923:Ploughmen's Front
3716:Vlad Țepeș League
3404:Party of the Roma
3294:Political parties
3260:
3259:
2869:978-9975-51-070-7
2848:978-973-46-7993-5
2786:Editura Academiei
2776:978-90-04-26190-7
2758:978-606-8337-04-3
2734:. New York City:
2722:Codrul Cosminului
2704:Gheorghe Brătianu
2122:978-973-611-915-6
1686:, pp. 60, 162–163
1382:
1381:
1259:Electoral history
1245:Vladimir Cazacliu
1219:and Pântea's own
1217:Glasul Basarabiei
965:Gheorghe Brătianu
890:Nicolae Suruceanu
710:Constantin Coandă
672:Emanuil Gavriliță
633:Director-in-Chief
562:Daniel Ciugureanu
452:Daniel Ciugureanu
429:Vladimir Tsyganko
359:National Liberals
253:
252:
240:Political parties
198:
191:
154:Glasul Basarabiei
4427:
3561:
3555:
3554:
3306:
3305:
3287:
3280:
3273:
3264:
3263:
2913:
2912:
2898:
2891:
2884:
2875:
2874:
2826:Dinu Poștarencu
2768:Brill Publishers
2692:
2685:
2679:
2670:
2664:
2657:
2651:
2648:
2639:
2636:
2630:
2627:
2621:
2620:Cemârtan, p. 142
2618:
2612:
2609:
2603:
2600:
2594:
2591:
2582:
2579:
2570:
2567:
2561:
2560:Cemârtan, p. 138
2558:
2552:
2549:
2543:
2540:
2534:
2531:
2525:
2511:
2505:
2504:Daskalov, p. 314
2502:
2496:
2493:
2487:
2484:
2478:
2475:
2469:
2468:Cemârtan, p. 136
2466:
2460:
2457:
2451:
2448:
2442:
2439:
2433:
2430:
2424:
2423:Cemârtan, p. 134
2421:
2415:
2412:
2406:
2405:Cemârtan, p. 135
2403:
2397:
2394:
2388:
2381:
2375:
2372:
2366:
2363:
2357:
2354:
2348:
2345:
2339:
2336:
2330:
2327:
2321:
2318:
2312:
2309:
2303:
2300:
2294:
2293:Daskalov, p. 313
2291:
2285:
2284:Cemârtan, p. 132
2282:
2273:
2270:
2264:
2261:
2255:
2248:
2242:
2239:
2233:
2230:
2224:
2223:Cemârtan, p. 131
2221:
2215:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2190:
2187:
2181:
2170:
2164:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2146:
2134:
2130:
2124:
2107:
2098:
2091:
2085:
2082:
2076:
2073:
2064:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2037:
2030:
2024:
2017:
2011:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1989:
1982:
1976:
1973:
1967:
1966:Cemârtan, p. 129
1964:
1958:
1951:
1945:
1942:
1936:
1929:
1923:
1916:
1910:
1903:
1897:
1894:
1888:
1887:, pp. 64, 68, 76
1881:
1875:
1868:
1862:
1855:
1849:
1842:
1836:
1829:
1823:
1816:
1810:
1803:
1797:
1790:
1784:
1777:
1771:
1768:
1762:
1755:
1749:
1742:
1736:
1733:
1722:
1715:
1709:
1706:
1700:
1693:
1687:
1680:
1674:
1671:
1665:
1658:
1649:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1627:
1620:
1614:
1607:
1601:
1598:
1592:
1589:
1583:
1576:
1570:
1563:
1557:
1550:
1544:
1537:
1531:
1524:
1518:
1515:
1509:
1506:
1500:
1493:
1487:
1480:
1474:
1471:
1465:
1464:, pp. 89–90, 265
1458:
1452:
1449:
1443:
1442:Cemârtan, p. 126
1440:
1427:
1424:
1418:
1411:
1405:
1394:
1374:
1367:
1346:
1339:
1318:
1311:
1268:
1267:
1176:Andrei Scobioală
1172:Constantin Stere
1100:Viața Basarabiei
882:Vasile Mândrescu
866:Bessarabian Jews
793:
778:
763:
697:Teodor Nichitiuc
668:Constantin Stere
625:Gheorghe Stârcea
588:
573:
558:
543:
524:summer 1918 race
425:Pantelimon Erhan
418:
407:Russian Republic
363:election of 1922
355:Constantin Stere
301:Bolshevik Russia
196:
189:
146:Viața Basarabiei
108:Merged into
98:Preceded by
42:
19:
18:
4435:
4434:
4430:
4429:
4428:
4426:
4425:
4424:
4340:
4339:
4338:
4333:
4319:Portal:Politics
4306:
4207:Alliance PSD+PC
4190:
4134:
4070:Hungarian Union
4013:Ethnic minority
4008:
3999:Romanian Action
3942:
3913:Peasants' Party
3858:Agrarian League
3846:
3827:Socialist Party
3720:
3654:
3603:
3562:
3559:
3549:
3510:Ecologist Party
3463:
3307:
3300:
3291:
3261:
3256:
3237:Politics portal
3228:
3172:
3119:
2951:
2914:
2907:
2902:
2832:Bogdan Murgescu
2700:
2695:
2686:
2682:
2671:
2667:
2658:
2654:
2649:
2642:
2637:
2633:
2628:
2624:
2619:
2615:
2610:
2606:
2601:
2597:
2592:
2585:
2580:
2573:
2568:
2564:
2559:
2555:
2550:
2546:
2541:
2537:
2532:
2528:
2512:
2508:
2503:
2499:
2494:
2490:
2485:
2481:
2476:
2472:
2467:
2463:
2458:
2454:
2449:
2445:
2440:
2436:
2431:
2427:
2422:
2418:
2413:
2409:
2404:
2400:
2395:
2391:
2382:
2378:
2373:
2369:
2364:
2360:
2355:
2351:
2346:
2342:
2337:
2333:
2328:
2324:
2320:Suveică, p. 234
2319:
2315:
2310:
2306:
2301:
2297:
2292:
2288:
2283:
2276:
2271:
2267:
2262:
2258:
2249:
2245:
2240:
2236:
2231:
2227:
2222:
2218:
2209:
2205:
2200:
2193:
2188:
2184:
2171:
2167:
2162:
2158:
2153:
2149:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2108:
2101:
2092:
2088:
2083:
2079:
2074:
2067:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2040:
2031:
2027:
2018:
2014:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1992:
1983:
1979:
1975:Brătianu, p. 69
1974:
1970:
1965:
1961:
1952:
1948:
1943:
1939:
1930:
1926:
1917:
1913:
1904:
1900:
1895:
1891:
1882:
1878:
1869:
1865:
1861:, pp. 64–65, 72
1856:
1852:
1843:
1839:
1830:
1826:
1817:
1813:
1804:
1800:
1791:
1787:
1778:
1774:
1769:
1765:
1756:
1752:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1725:
1716:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1694:
1690:
1681:
1677:
1672:
1668:
1659:
1652:
1643:
1639:
1634:
1630:
1621:
1617:
1608:
1604:
1599:
1595:
1590:
1586:
1577:
1573:
1564:
1560:
1551:
1547:
1538:
1534:
1525:
1521:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1503:
1494:
1490:
1481:
1477:
1472:
1468:
1459:
1455:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1430:
1425:
1421:
1412:
1408:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1375:
1372:
1368:
1365:
1347:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1266:
1261:
1192:
1096:
1022:Peasants' Party
942:Artur Văitoianu
936:of the PDU and
930:Vasile Stroescu
898:
805:
804:
803:
800:
794:
785:
779:
770:
764:
753:
752:
693:Mihail Minciună
689:Vladimir Cristi
652:Greater Romania
613:agrarian reform
605:
600:
599:
598:
595:
589:
580:
574:
565:
559:
550:
544:
533:
532:
416:
391:faction within
380:
375:
351:Peasants' Party
328:Greater Romania
249:
225:
223:
192:
185:
181:
177:
168:
152:
148:
144:
114:
85:August 23, 1918
74:
68:Vice-presidents
59:
54:
33:
32:
30:
27:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4433:
4423:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4335:
4334:
4332:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4305:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4198:
4196:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4142:
4140:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4016:
4014:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4006:
4004:Romanian Front
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3950:
3948:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3854:
3852:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3728:
3726:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3662:
3660:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3611:
3609:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3584:National Party
3581:
3576:
3570:
3568:
3564:
3563:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3471:
3469:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3456:
3454:Union of Serbs
3451:
3449:Union of Poles
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3424:S.O.S. Romania
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3384:Hellenic Union
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3315:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3290:
3289:
3282:
3275:
3267:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3180:
3178:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3164:
3158:
3152:
3146:
3140:
3134:
3127:
3125:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3056:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2983:Agrarian Party
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2959:
2957:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2949:
2943:
2929:
2922:
2920:
2916:
2915:
2901:
2900:
2893:
2886:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2857:
2854:Anuarul Apulum
2850:
2824:
2807:
2791:Armin Heinen,
2789:
2778:
2760:
2746:
2725:
2718:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2691:, pp. 162, 166
2680:
2665:
2652:
2640:
2631:
2629:Heinen, p. 463
2622:
2613:
2604:
2595:
2593:Suveică, p. 93
2583:
2571:
2562:
2553:
2544:
2535:
2526:
2506:
2497:
2488:
2479:
2470:
2461:
2452:
2443:
2434:
2425:
2416:
2407:
2398:
2389:
2376:
2367:
2365:Suveică, p. 89
2358:
2349:
2347:Suveică, p. 84
2340:
2331:
2322:
2313:
2304:
2295:
2286:
2274:
2265:
2256:
2243:
2241:Suveică, p. 87
2234:
2225:
2216:
2203:
2191:
2182:
2165:
2156:
2147:
2125:
2099:
2086:
2077:
2065:
2056:
2054:Suveică, p. 72
2047:
2045:Suveică, p. 73
2038:
2025:
2012:
1999:
1997:Suveică, p. 85
1990:
1977:
1968:
1959:
1946:
1937:
1924:
1911:
1898:
1889:
1876:
1863:
1850:
1837:
1824:
1811:
1798:
1785:
1772:
1763:
1750:
1737:
1735:Suveică, p. 67
1723:
1710:
1701:
1688:
1675:
1673:Suveică, p. 66
1666:
1650:
1637:
1628:
1615:
1602:
1593:
1584:
1571:
1558:
1545:
1532:
1519:
1510:
1508:Suveică, p. 68
1501:
1488:
1475:
1466:
1453:
1444:
1428:
1419:
1406:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1371:
1369:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1343:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1315:
1313:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1277:
1272:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1191:
1188:
1137:peace officers
1095:
1092:
1084:People's Party
1034:Alexandru Mîță
984:state of siege
969:Lăpușna County
897:
894:
886:Nicolae Secară
850:Andreas Widmer
846:Daniel Erdmann
838:Dionisie Erhan
817:-based weekly
802:
801:
795:
788:
786:
780:
773:
771:
765:
758:
755:
754:
750:
749:
748:
725:Vladimir Herța
641:Ștefan Ciobanu
604:
601:
597:
596:
590:
583:
581:
577:Gherman Pântea
575:
568:
566:
560:
553:
551:
545:
538:
535:
534:
530:
529:
528:
468:Gherman Pântea
379:
376:
374:
371:
340:1920 elections
336:People's Party
251:
250:
248:
247:
242:
237:
231:
228:
227:
220:
216:
215:
206:
200:
199:
163:
157:
156:
137:
133:
132:
123:
119:
118:
109:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
93:September 1923
91:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
76:Ștefan Ciobanu
69:
65:
64:
48:
44:
43:
35:
34:
28:
23:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4432:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4316:
4313:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4193:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4137:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4115:Swabian Group
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4011:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3849:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3723:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3651:
3650:Radical Party
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3606:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3556:
3552:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3466:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3312:Parliamentary
3310:
3304:
3299:
3295:
3288:
3283:
3281:
3276:
3274:
3269:
3268:
3265:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3204:Freedom Party
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3175:
3168:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3122:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3095:Revival Party
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3038:Liberal Party
3036:
3035:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2954:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2930:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2911:
2906:
2899:
2894:
2892:
2887:
2885:
2880:
2879:
2876:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2855:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2810:Nicolae Iorga
2808:
2806:
2805:973-50-1158-1
2802:
2798:
2795:. Bucharest:
2794:
2790:
2787:
2784:. Bucharest:
2783:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2719:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2690:
2684:
2677:
2676:
2669:
2662:
2656:
2647:
2645:
2635:
2626:
2617:
2611:Iorga, p. 294
2608:
2599:
2590:
2588:
2578:
2576:
2569:Iorga, p. 283
2566:
2557:
2548:
2539:
2530:
2524:
2523:973-96060-2-4
2520:
2516:
2510:
2501:
2492:
2486:Iorga, p. 177
2483:
2474:
2465:
2456:
2447:
2441:Iorga, p. 136
2438:
2429:
2420:
2411:
2402:
2393:
2387:, pp. 165–166
2386:
2380:
2371:
2362:
2353:
2344:
2335:
2326:
2317:
2308:
2299:
2290:
2281:
2279:
2269:
2260:
2253:
2247:
2238:
2229:
2220:
2213:
2207:
2201:Iorga, p. 239
2198:
2196:
2186:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2160:
2151:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2133:(in Romanian)
2129:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2104:
2096:
2090:
2081:
2072:
2070:
2060:
2051:
2042:
2035:
2029:
2022:
2016:
2009:
2003:
1994:
1987:
1981:
1972:
1963:
1956:
1950:
1941:
1934:
1928:
1921:
1915:
1908:
1902:
1893:
1886:
1880:
1873:
1867:
1860:
1854:
1847:
1841:
1834:
1828:
1821:
1815:
1808:
1802:
1795:
1789:
1782:
1776:
1767:
1760:
1754:
1747:
1741:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1720:
1714:
1705:
1698:
1692:
1685:
1679:
1670:
1663:
1657:
1655:
1647:
1641:
1632:
1625:
1619:
1613:, pp. 160–162
1612:
1606:
1597:
1588:
1581:
1575:
1569:, pp. 168–169
1568:
1562:
1556:, pp. 169–170
1555:
1549:
1542:
1536:
1529:
1523:
1514:
1505:
1498:
1492:
1485:
1479:
1470:
1463:
1457:
1448:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1423:
1416:
1410:
1403:
1399:
1393:
1389:
1377:
1370:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1349:
1342:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1314:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1256:
1254:
1250:
1249:Porfirie Fală
1246:
1240:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1187:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1091:
1089:
1085:
1082:. Averescu's
1081:
1080:May elections
1077:
1073:
1070:
1062:
1057:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1018:Ion Mihalache
1014:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1003:White émigrés
1000:
995:
993:
989:
985:
980:
978:
977:Zamfir Arbore
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
957:anticommunist
953:
951:
950:Ismail County
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
922:Nicolae Iorga
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
893:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
869:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
830:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
811:
798:
797:Ștefan Holban
792:
787:
783:
777:
772:
768:
762:
757:
756:
747:
745:
741:
737:
733:
732:
726:
722:
717:
715:
711:
707:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
681:
679:
678:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
648:
646:
642:
638:
637:Nicolae Bivol
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
617:Ștefan Holban
614:
610:
593:
587:
582:
578:
572:
567:
563:
557:
552:
548:
542:
537:
536:
527:
525:
521:
517:
512:
508:
503:
500:
496:
492:
488:
483:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
448:
446:
442:
438:
437:1907 election
434:
430:
426:
422:
415:
410:
408:
404:
400:
396:
395:
390:
385:
370:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
347:Ion Mihalache
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
324:1919 election
321:
316:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
233:
232:
229:
221:
217:
214:
210:
207:
205:
201:
195:
188:
184:
180:
179:Anticommunism
175:
171:
167:
164:
162:
158:
155:
151:
147:
143:
142:
138:
134:
131:
127:
124:
120:
117:
113:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
77:
73:
70:
66:
62:
57:
52:
49:
45:
41:
36:
20:
4095:Magyar Party
4090:Jewish Party
4040:German Party
3954:Citizen Bloc
3867:
3659:Conservative
3545:Volt Romania
3525:Noua Dreaptă
3183:
3023:Labour Party
2946:Independents
2860:
2853:
2835:
2827:
2813:
2792:
2781:
2763:
2749:
2731:
2721:
2707:
2688:
2683:
2673:
2668:
2660:
2655:
2634:
2625:
2616:
2607:
2598:
2565:
2556:
2547:
2538:
2529:
2514:
2509:
2500:
2491:
2482:
2473:
2464:
2455:
2446:
2437:
2428:
2419:
2410:
2401:
2392:
2384:
2379:
2370:
2361:
2352:
2343:
2334:
2325:
2316:
2307:
2298:
2289:
2268:
2259:
2251:
2246:
2237:
2228:
2219:
2211:
2206:
2185:
2177:
2173:
2168:
2159:
2154:Iorga, p. 10
2150:
2140:
2128:
2113:
2110:Iulian Chifu
2094:
2089:
2080:
2059:
2050:
2041:
2033:
2028:
2020:
2015:
2007:
2002:
1993:
1985:
1980:
1971:
1962:
1954:
1949:
1940:
1932:
1927:
1919:
1914:
1906:
1901:
1892:
1884:
1879:
1871:
1866:
1858:
1853:
1845:
1840:
1832:
1827:
1819:
1814:
1806:
1801:
1793:
1788:
1780:
1775:
1766:
1758:
1753:
1745:
1740:
1718:
1713:
1704:
1696:
1691:
1683:
1678:
1669:
1661:
1645:
1640:
1631:
1623:
1618:
1610:
1605:
1596:
1587:
1579:
1574:
1566:
1561:
1553:
1548:
1540:
1535:
1527:
1522:
1513:
1504:
1496:
1491:
1483:
1478:
1473:Clark, p. 90
1469:
1461:
1456:
1447:
1422:
1414:
1409:
1401:
1397:
1392:
1292:
1274:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1220:
1216:
1210:
1208:
1196:Ion Codreanu
1193:
1184:
1168:
1153:
1144:
1125:minimum wage
1121:
1112:Bălți County
1103:
1099:
1097:
1066:
1046:Iulian Chifu
1038:Bălți County
1015:
996:
981:
973:General Bund
954:
928:, alongside
910:Transylvania
899:
878:Anton Crihan
870:
862:Hotin County
844:, alongside
831:
827:Ion Balbărău
823:Cahul County
818:
808:
806:
729:
718:
714:Vasile Bârcă
684:
682:
675:
649:
629:Petru Cazacu
621:Teofil Ioncu
606:
592:Ion Buzdugan
510:
504:
490:
484:
464:Ion Buzdugan
449:
445:Sfatul Țării
444:
420:
414:Sfatul Țării
413:
411:
394:Sfatul Țării
392:
381:
344:
317:
280:
276:
272:
268:
256:
254:
209:Center-right
153:
149:
145:
139:
122:Headquarters
72:Anton Crihan
3752:Labor Party
3666:Civic Force
3567:Nationalist
3505:PRO Romania
3490:Green Party
3157:(2015–2016)
3145:(2013–2015)
3139:(2009–2013)
3133:(1997–2001)
2687:Constantin
2383:Constantin
2374:Iorga, p. 5
2250:Constantin
2180:, pp. 70–72
2172:Constantin
2145:, July 2004
2093:Constantin
2023:, pp. 85–90
2019:Poștarencu
2006:Poștarencu
1988:, pp. 76–77
1984:Poștarencu
1957:, pp. 84–85
1931:Poștarencu
1918:Poștarencu
1883:Poștarencu
1870:Poștarencu
1857:Poștarencu
1844:Poștarencu
1835:, pp. 64–66
1831:Poștarencu
1818:Poștarencu
1792:Constantin
1779:Constantin
1757:Poștarencu
1744:Poștarencu
1699:, pp. 61–65
1695:Constantin
1682:Constantin
1660:Constantin
1644:Constantin
1609:Constantin
1565:Constantin
1552:Constantin
1539:Constantin
1482:Constantin
1460:Constantin
1413:Poștarencu
1200:Ion Macovei
1149:Old Kingdom
1133:Gendarmerie
1108:Ismail city
1088:Sergiu Niță
1072:Ferdinand I
1050:Moldovenist
1030:Labor Party
938:Iuliu Maniu
782:Ion Pelivan
767:Pan Halippa
744:Mark Slonim
701:martial law
658:(including
603:Early goals
547:Ion Inculeț
313:Ion Pelivan
309:Ion Inculeț
305:Pan Halippa
183:Regionalism
166:Agrarianism
61:Ion Pelivan
58:(1921–1923)
56:Ion Inculeț
53:(1918–1921)
51:Pan Halippa
4344:Categories
3964:Iron Guard
2698:References
1180:Socialists
1141:separatism
1005:, and the
999:plebiscite
934:Ion Nistor
912:, and the
858:Bulgarians
799:, ca. 1930
784:, ca. 1910
769:, ca. 1930
706:centralism
645:Ion Costin
594:, ca. 1914
579:, ca. 1918
564:, ca. 1930
549:, ca. 1918
472:Bolsheviks
435:after the
367:rump party
293:Bessarabia
197:(minority)
194:Separatism
190:(minority)
130:Bessarabia
4195:Alliances
3947:Far-right
3725:Left-wing
3124:Alliances
3080:Our Party
2842:, 2019.
2799:, 2006.
2797:Humanitas
2770:, 2014.
2738:, 1927.
1271:Election
1221:Basarabia
916:(PDU) of
908:(PNR) of
677:Basarabia
660:for women
454:had been
283:) was an
245:Elections
150:Basarabia
136:Newspaper
90:Dissolved
47:President
4302:USR PLUS
3851:Agrarian
2942:) (8+18)
2716:38112407
2254:, p. 165
2214:, p. 855
1809:, p. 248
1796:, p. 148
1783:, p. 145
1721:, p. 162
1664:, p. 162
1626:, p. 162
1373:13 / 148
1366:22 / 372
1338:23 / 366
1317:35 / 216
1310:72 / 568
1293:Position
1283:Assembly
1160:Cornești
918:Bukovina
478:for the
384:Chișinău
285:agrarian
261:Romanian
213:far-left
174:Romanian
161:Ideology
126:Chișinău
3608:Liberal
3560:Defunct
3298:Romania
3169:(2023–)
3163:(2024–)
3161:Victory
2840:Polirom
2822:5673988
2788:, 1987.
2744:1539999
2036:, p. 92
1935:, p. 85
1909:, p. 76
1874:, p. 84
1822:, p. 63
1761:, p. 82
1748:, p. 75
1486:, p. 89
1345:6 / 166
1145:zemstva
1042:Gypsies
988:Tighina
731:zemstva
378:Origins
373:History
82:Founded
3151:(2015)
2993:Chance
2867:
2846:
2828:et al.
2820:
2803:
2774:
2756:
2742:
2714:
2689:et al.
2661:et al.
2521:
2385:et al.
2252:et al.
2212:et al.
2178:et al.
2174:et al.
2120:
2095:et al.
2034:et al.
2021:et al.
2008:et al.
1986:et al.
1955:et al.
1933:et al.
1920:et al.
1907:et al.
1885:et al.
1872:et al.
1859:et al.
1846:et al.
1833:et al.
1820:et al.
1807:et al.
1794:et al.
1781:et al.
1759:et al.
1746:et al.
1719:et al.
1697:et al.
1684:et al.
1662:et al.
1646:et al.
1624:et al.
1611:et al.
1580:et al.
1567:et al.
1554:et al.
1541:et al.
1497:et al.
1484:et al.
1462:et al.
1415:et al.
1402:et al.
1398:et al.
1288:Senate
1251:, and
1164:Soroca
1156:Comrat
1104:Secera
961:Senate
888:, and
685:Sfatul
511:Sfatul
491:Sfatul
427:, and
63:(1923)
4139:Other
2139:, in
1805:Desa
1396:Desa
1385:Notes
1275:Votes
1204:Orhei
1158:; in
1011:Banat
926:Orhei
815:Cahul
631:(the
456:Esers
417:'
275:) or
2948:(12)
2940:PSRM
2936:PCRM
2928:(62)
2865:ISBN
2844:ISBN
2818:OCLC
2801:ISBN
2772:ISBN
2754:ISBN
2740:OCLC
2712:OCLC
2519:ISBN
2118:ISBN
1378:4th
1356:1922
1350:5th
1328:1920
1322:3rd
1300:1919
1069:King
848:and
695:and
670:and
466:and
307:and
255:The
3296:in
1106:of
1020:'s
704:of
635:),
349:'s
211:to
4346::
2812:,
2730:,
2706:,
2643:^
2586:^
2574:^
2277:^
2194:^
2102:^
2068:^
1726:^
1653:^
1431:^
1279:%
1247:,
1127:,
884:,
880:,
868:.
691:,
680:.
647:.
643:,
639:,
623:,
526:.
447:.
271:,
263::
128:,
3286:e
3279:t
3272:v
2938:+
2934:(
2897:e
2890:t
2883:v
279:(
259:(
176:)
172:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
