931:
309:("Treatise on Sentences and Words"). This text is a comprehensive study of grammar and its metaphysical foundations. Bhartrhari's philosophy is marked by the concept of "Shabda-Brahman", which holds that the ultimate reality is expressed through words. He posited that language and cognition are linked and that by understanding grammar one can attain spiritual liberation.
239:) but decided to follow the path of Indian sages and renounced a sensual life to find higher meaning. He attempted to live a monastic life but was unable to successfully detach from worldly pleasures. After some time, he lived a life as a yogi in Ujjain till his death.
835:
Extensively used by later grammarians such as Kaiyaṭa, the text is only preserved in fragments. An edition based on an incomplete manuscript was published by
Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Pune (1985-1991), in six fascicles (fascicle 6 in two
203:
Bhartrhari's philosophy is marked by the concept of "Shabda-Brahman", that the ultimate reality is expressed through words. He posited that language and cognition are linked and that by understanding grammar one can attain spiritual liberation.
466:. Bhartrhari analyses grammatical rules and explores the metaphysical and epistemological aspects of language. Within this text, Bhartrhari also discusses the connection between words and their meanings, which is further elaborated in the
277:. Researchers have found some of the details given by Yi-Jing to be erroneous, specifically the time period that he was alive and that he was a Buddhist. Bhartrhari's philosophical position is widely held to be an offshoot of the
235:, India and lived in the 5th century. Details of his personal life are not known, but it is assumed, and accepted by scholars, that he lived between 485 and 540 AD. He was associated with the court of Valabhi (modern Vala,
522:
The date of composition is unknown but it is believed to have been written over the course of
Bhartrhari's life. Bhartrhari uses various poetic devices including metaphors, similes, and paradoxes to convey complex ideas.
163:. c. 5th century CE), was an Indian philosopher and poet known for his contributions to the fields of linguistics, grammar, and philosophy. He is believed to have been born in the 5th century in
571:
Philosophy of
Logical Construction: An Examination of Logical Atomism and Logical Positivism in the light of the Philosophies of Bhartrhari, Dharmakirti and Prajnakaragupta
936:
167:, Malwa, India. He decided to live a monastic life and find a higher meaning but was unable to detach from worldly life. He lived as a yogi in Ujjain until his death.
361:(three books), is an Indian linguistic treatise on the philosophy of language, grammar, and semantics. It is divided into 3 main sections (or kāṇḍa):
215:. Islamic and Western scholars have also shown interest through various translations and commentaries. In the field of Indian poetics, Bhartrhari's
246:
writer, states that
Bhartrhari studied under a grammarian named Vasurāta. Bhartrhari credits some of his theories to Vasurāta in his work the
398:
carries the meaning of the word(s) and is revealed to the listener upon hearing the word(s). Unlike
Patanjali, Bhatrihari applies the term
966:
892:
860:
820:
780:
738:
710:
682:
322:
219:
continues to be revered and studied and has been translated into many languages, affording access to a global audience.
976:
971:
770:
317:
Bhartrhari is best known for his work in the philosophy of language. He wrote four books on grammar (vyākaraṇa):
569:
Hemanta Kumar
Ganguli, "Theory of Logical Construction and Solution of some Logical Paradoxes" , appendix to
951:
305:
Bhartrhari is known for his work in the philosophy of language, particularly his theories articulated in the
981:
961:
539:. Islamic and Western scholars have also shown interest through various translations and commentaries.
136:
462:
956:
937:"Tracking the Hermit's Soul: A Jungian Reading Of Bhartrihari's Satakatraya" by Mathew V. Spano
855:. India : language and literature, in 14 volumes (Reprint ed.). London: Routledge.
559:
357:
346:
282:
172:
531:
Bhartrhari's works have been studied in various Indian philosophical traditions, including
207:
Bhartrhari's works have been studied in various Indian philosophical traditions, including
8:
536:
212:
916:
257:(635-713 CE) mentions Bhartrhari in his travel notes. He claims that Bhartrhari was a
888:
887:. Encyclopedia of Indian philosophies. Princeton (N.J.): Princeton university press.
856:
816:
802:
776:
734:
706:
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The
Sambandha-samuddeśa (chapter on relation) and Bhartrhari's philosophy of language
808:
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132:
55:
278:
580:, Gonda Indological Series, 2. Groningen: Egbert Forsten, 1995, pp. 213–219.
772:
From early
Vedanta to Kashmir Shaivism: Gaudapada, Bhartrhari, and Abhinavagupta
550:
has been translated into many languages, affording access to a global audience.
496:"three") consists of three collections of 100 verses each. The collections are
381:
deals with sentence structure and the relationship between its components. The
77:
812:
479:
945:
294:
254:
733:. Makers of Indian literature. Sahitya Akademi. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi.
458:
453:
274:
247:
107:
912:
Bhartrihari (c. 450—510 C.E.) in the
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
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focuses on the meaning of words, phonetics, morphology, and semantics.
911:
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The Word and the World: India's contribution to the study of language
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The Word and the World: India's
Contribution to the Study of Language
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510:(Love, which details the complexities of love and relationships),
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This text is studied by Sanskrit grammarians and philosophers.
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1 and 2), and Śabdadhātusamīkṣā. As a poet, he also wrote the
289:
and distinctly opposed to Buddhist positions such as those of
286:
232:
81:
634:"Bhartrihari | Indian Poet, Sanskrit Scholar | Britannica"
388:
Bhartrhari's philosophy is centred around the concept of "
321:, Mahābhāṣyatikā (an early sub-commentary on Patanjali's
29:
786:
Bhartrihari may have been "within the fold of Vedānta".
518:(Detachment, a reflection of Bhartrhari's renunciation)
917:
Bibliography on Bhartṛhari, Grammarian and Philosopher
883:
Coward, Harold G.; Kunjunni Raja, Kumarapuram (1990).
500:(Ethics, which details principles of righteous living)
753:
672:
728:
373:(Book of Words), and contains about 635 verses. The
882:
851:Wortham, Biscoe Hale; Wortham, Biscoe Hale (2000).
608:"Bhartrihari | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy"
566:. Delhi: Oxford University Press. p. 129-130.
377:treats the metaphysical aspects of language. The
943:
850:
705:. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press.
673:Craig, Edward; Routledge (Firm), eds. (1998).
300:
150:
542:In the field of Indian poetics, Bhartrhari's
768:
281:or grammarian school, closely allied to the
227:Bhartrhari is believed to have been born in
800:
546:continues to be revered and studied. The
337:, a three-part collection of 300 verses.
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16:Indian linguist, philosopher, and poet
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703:Encyclopedia of Indian philosophies
325:), Vākyapadīyavṛtti (commentary on
13:
869:
839:
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457:, which itself is a commentary on
404:to each element of the utterance,
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885:The philosophy of the grammarians
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729:Srimannarayana Murti, M. (1997).
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754:Bimal Krishna Matilal (1990).
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1:
701:Potter, Karl H., ed. (1977).
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242:Siṃhasūrigaṇi, a 6th-century
180:(a commentary on Patanjali's
967:Ancient Sanskrit grammarians
804:Bhartṛhari and the Buddhists
801:Herzberger, Radhika (1986).
7:
928:(public domain audiobooks)
853:The Śatakas of Bhartr̥ihari
301:Philosophical contributions
10:
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775:, SUNY Press, p. 75,
758:. Oxford University Press.
731:Bhartṛhari, the grammarian
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813:10.1007/978-94-009-4666-8
412:the letter or syllable),
369:(Book of Sentences), and
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135:. For other uses, see
131:For the folk hero, see
269:, and a commentary on
253:The Chinese traveller
769:N. V. Isaeva (1995),
448:, is a commentary on
952:Sanskrit grammarians
527:Influence and legacy
488:("Three Centuries":
394:". He believed that
323:Vyākaraṇa-Mahābhāṣya
293:, who was closer to
261:and wrote the works
922:Works by Bhartṛhari
365:(Book of Brahman),
223:Life and background
982:5th-century Hindus
638:www.britannica.com
327:Vākyapadīya kāṇḍas
190:Vākyapadīya kāṇḍas
962:Indian male poets
894:978-0-691-07331-6
862:978-0-415-24510-4
822:978-94-010-8574-8
782:978-0-7914-2450-6
740:978-81-260-0308-2
712:978-0-691-07281-4
684:978-0-415-07310-3
576:Jan E.M. Houben,
573:, Calcutta, 1963.
446:Mahabhashyadipika
194:Śabdadhātusamīkṣā
188:(a commentary on
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492:"century";
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480:Śatakatraya
474:Śatakatraya
454:Mahabhashya
450:Patanjali's
418:padasphoṭa;
379:Vākya-kāṇḍa
367:Vākya-kāṇḍa
353:Vākyapadīya
341:Vākyapadīya
331:Śatakatraya
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56:Vākyapadīya
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585:References
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383:Pada-kāṇḍa
371:Pada-kāṇḍa
192:1 and 2),
147:Devanagari
143:Bhartṛhari
23:Bhartṛhari
279:Vyākaraṇa
271:Patanjali
137:Bharthari
926:LibriVox
562:, 1990,
514:Vairagya
506:Śringara
459:Pāṇini's
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347:Trikāṇḍī
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152:भर्तृहरि
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88:Language
31:भर्तृहरि
836:parts).
643:20 June
613:20 June
537:Mimamsa
533:Vedanta
490:śataka,
442:Tripadi
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283:realism
255:Yi-Jing
237:Gujarat
213:Mimamsa
209:Vedanta
104:Grammar
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516:Śataka
508:Śataka
494:traya,
401:sphoṭa
396:sphoṭa
391:sphoṭa
335:Śataka
287:Nyayas
229:Ujjain
165:Ujjain
120:Sphota
74:Region
43:Ujjain
422:vākya
406:varṇa
333:, or
313:Works
267:Peina
233:Malwa
82:India
889:ISBN
857:ISBN
817:ISBN
777:ISBN
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645:2024
615:2024
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512:and
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351:The
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