38:
227:. After Mallugi, his elder son Amara-gangeya and Amara-gangeya's son Amara-mallugi ruled in quick succession. Their rule was followed by Kaliya-Ballala, who was probably an usurper, and whose relation to Mallugi is unknown. Bhillama's father Karna, the younger son of Mallugi, was probably a subordinate officer or a sub-feudatory.
466:
inscriptions of
Ballala do not state that Ballala killed Bhillama, although they boast that he killed Bhillama's "right hand" Jaitrasimha. It is unlikely that Ballala would have failed to boast about his killing of Bhillama, had the Yadava ruler died in a battle. Bhillama most probably died a natural
453:
succeeded him on the Yadava throne. An 1198 CE Hoysala inscription states that
Ballala "moistened his sword with the blood of the Pandya king, whetted it on the grindstone of Bhillama's head, and sheathed it in the lotus mouth of Jaitugi". The two persons other than Bhillama are known to have been
361:
feudatory
Kamadeva. When Ballala's army was exhausted in this campaign, Bhillama forced Ballala to retreat, and conquered the former Chalukya capital Kalyani. This conquest probably happened around 1187 CE, when Bhillama first made his claim to an imperial status. According to the later Yadava
305:
The 1189 CE Mutugi inscription of
Bhillama boasts that he caused severe troubles to the Malavas (the Paramaras) and the Gurjaras (the Chaulukyas). This appears to be a reference to his raids in Lata and Malwa regions. His general Jahla is said to have won a battle against the Chaulukyas by
366:, the Hoysala ruler was killed in this battle. It is known that Ballala was not killed in this conflict, so the person mentioned by Hemadri was probably a Hoysala prince responsible for defending Kalyani. According to Hemadri, after this victorious campaign, Bhillama established the
458:
was killed in a battle against the
Hoysalas; Jaitugi here refers to Bhillama's general Jaitrapala, who also died fighting the Hoysalas. This has led to speculation that Bhillama also died in a battle against Ballala.
467:
death after suffering a defeat against
Ballala. The claim of Ballala "whetting his sword on the grindstone of Bhima's head" appears to a poetic description by the later Hoysala poets.
306:
introducing a mad elephant in midst of the enemy army. Bhillama's raids in
Gujarat and Malwa did not result in any territorial annexations, and he was forced to retreat by the
172:
region. Around 1175 CE, he grabbed the Yadava throne, supplanting the descendants of his uncle and an usurper. Over the next decade, he ruled as a nominal vassal of the
385:. In this battle, the Hoysalas decisively defeated Bhillama's forces. Their 1192 Anekere inscription states that Ballala manured the region from Soratur to
381:, as attested by inscriptions. In response, Bhillama marched against him with 200,000-strong infantry and 12,000-strong cavalry. The two armies met at
854:
216:
gives a different genealogy for him, but
Hemadri's account may be dismissed as unreliable, since he flourished a century after Bhillama.
393:(modern Lakkundi), but Ballala captured the fort and killed him. Ballala went on to capture the important forts of Erambara (modern
230:
During the chaotic period following
Mallugi's death, Bhillama created a principality for himself by capturing several forts in the
223:. By Mallugi's time, the Chalukya power had weakened, and Mallugi was fighting with the other Chalukya feudatories, such as the
502:. An 1192 CE inscription records a grant by Ballala to the same temple, which confirms that Bhillama was defeated by Ballala.
822:
798:
847:
706:
377:, Ballala reorganized his forces, and launched a fresh march to the north. By June 1189, he had conquered Banavasi and
774:
750:
333:. However, this claim is not supported by historical evidence, and therefore, appears to be an empty poetic boast.
212:
inscription, he was a son of Karna, and a grandson of the Yadava ruler
Mallugi. The 13th century Yadava court poet
840:
184:
territories. After the fall of the Chalukya power, he declared sovereignty around 1187 CE, and fought with the
1038:
495:
302:
king of Malwa, had recently managed to restore the Paramara power by ousting the Chaulukyas from Malwa.
484:
164:
region in India. A grandson of the Yadava king Mullagi, he carved out a principality in present-day
389:
with dead bodies of the Seuna soldiers. The Yadava general Jaitrapala (alias Jaitrasimha) fled to
997:
863:
736:
702:
157:
127:
788:
764:
740:
307:
271:
37:
985:
263:
220:
173:
475:
Bhillama patronized the scholar Bhaskara, who was the teacher of Nagarjuna (the author of
8:
979:
42:
Coinage of Yadavas of Devagiri, king Bhillama V (1185–1193). Central lotus blossom, two
760:
832:
818:
794:
770:
746:
712:
358:
110:
808:
430:
410:
350:
299:
235:
189:
181:
258:
At the time of Bhillama's ascension, several conflicts were happening in southern
242:(modern Torna). Next, he defeated and killed the ruler of Mangalaveshtaka (modern
812:
394:
1008:
926:
Simhana I (also transliterated as Singhana I) alias Simharaja (r. c. 1105-1120)
784:
1032:
881:
817:. Vol. 4 (Part 1). Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House.
720:
414:
342:
295:
275:
716:
488:
455:
374:
905:
434:
417:
rivers, which formed the Yadava-Hoysala border for the next two decades.
287:
243:
165:
425:
During the last years of Bhillama's life, his kingdom extended from the
667:
390:
386:
317:
The Mutugi inscription also claims that Bhillama defeated the kings of
239:
449:. Shortly after Bhillama's defeat against Ballala in 1191 CE, his son
480:
446:
438:
363:
291:
193:
177:
48:
signs, elephant, conch, and "/madeva" in Devanagari above arrow right
867:
398:
367:
354:
330:
224:
145:
973:
967:
711:. Vol. VIII: Yādavas of Seuṇadeśa. Oxford University Press.
655:
633:
631:
575:
573:
450:
426:
382:
378:
346:
311:
279:
274:. Bhillama focused his attention towards the northern regions of
267:
213:
197:
185:
122:
115:
70:
679:
246:). Around 1175 CE, Bhillama grabbed power at the Yadava capital
991:
483:) inscription records a donation by Bhillama and others to the
442:
433:
river in the south, and included nearly all of the present-day
406:
341:
Shortly after Bhillama's northern raids, his Chalukya overlord
326:
259:
247:
231:
169:
161:
628:
618:
616:
614:
612:
597:
570:
560:
558:
545:
543:
518:
516:
514:
499:
463:
402:
322:
283:
209:
643:
192:
for control of the former Chalukya territory in present-day
609:
585:
555:
540:
528:
511:
494:
An 1191 CE inscription records Bhillama's donations to the
318:
266:— were busy fighting their former feudatories, such as the
44:
234:
and surrounding regions. First, he defeated the rulers of
156:(r. c. 1175–1191 CE) was the first sovereign ruler of the
811:(1957). "The Seunas of Devagiri". In R. S. Sharma (ed.).
766:
The Alchemical Body: Siddha Traditions in Medieval India
353:. Ballala's attack forced Someshvara to take shelter at
200:, but two years later, Ballala defeated him decisively.
862:
735:
673:
917:
Vesugi II alias Vaddiga or Yadugi (r. c. ?-1050)
196:. Around 1189 CE, he defeated Ballala in a battle at
790:
The Kāpālikas and Kālāmukhas: Two Lost Śaivite Sects
759:
661:
783:
685:
1030:
807:
637:
603:
579:
814:A Comprehensive history of India: A.D. 985-1206
454:killed by Ballala: Kamadeva, a Pandya ruler of
487:. In this inscription, Bhillama is styled as "
409:. The Yadavas were driven to the north of the
848:
701:
649:
622:
591:
564:
549:
534:
522:
923:Airammadeva or Erammadeva (r. c. 1085-1105)
370:city, which became the new Yadava capital.
219:The Yadavas were originally vassals of the
855:
841:
36:
336:
1031:
470:
836:
168:by capturing forts in and around the
345:faced a southern invasion from the
13:
941:Kaliya-ballala (r. c. ?-1175)
793:. University of California Press.
14:
1050:
920:Seunachandra II (r. c. 1050-1085)
253:
970:I (r. c. 1191-1200 or 1191-1210)
929:Obscure rulers (r. c. 1120-1145)
203:
769:. University of Chicago Press.
708:The Early History of the Deccan
694:
373:After returning to his capital
1019:Harapaladeva (r. c. 1317–1318)
976:(r. c. 1200-1246 or 1210-1246)
938:Amara-mallugi alias Mallugi II
705:(1960). Ghulam Yazdani (ed.).
294:king of Gujarat, was a minor.
262:. His nominal overlords — the
1:
1016:Simhana III (r. c. 1313-1317)
745:. Columbia University Press.
505:
462:However, the earlier 1192 CE
77:Yadava king (Chalukya vassal)
887:Seunachandra (r. c. 880-900)
7:
932:Mallugi I (r. c. 1145-1160)
914:Bhillama III (r. c. 1025–?)
674:Christian Lee Novetzke 2016
250:, and ascended the throne.
10:
1055:
911:Vesugi I (r. c. 1005–1025)
890:Dhadiyappa I (r. c. 900-?)
496:Trikuteshvara Shiva temple
485:Vitthal Temple, Pandharpur
429:river in the north to the
1007:
954:
902:Dhadiyasa (r. c. 970-985)
896:Rajugi (r. c. ?–950)
874:
141:
133:
121:
109:
101:
97:
89:
81:
76:
66:
58:
53:
35:
28:
23:
742:The Quotidian Revolution
445:) and northern parts of
420:
208:According to Bhillama's
899:Vaddiga (r. c. 950-970)
662:David Gordon White 2012
479:). An 1189-90 CE (1111
893:Bhillama I (r. c. 925)
864:Seuna (Yadava) dynasty
737:Christian Lee Novetzke
686:David N. Lorenzen 1972
158:Seuna (Yadava) dynasty
54:Yadava sovereign ruler
638:T. V. Mahalingam 1957
604:T. V. Mahalingam 1957
580:T. V. Mahalingam 1957
337:Conflict with Ballala
1039:Seuna (Yadava) kings
221:Chalukyas of Kalyani
174:Chalukyas of Kalyani
471:Cultural activities
1009:Khalji tributaries
761:David Gordon White
650:A. S. Altekar 1960
623:A. S. Altekar 1960
592:A. S. Altekar 1960
565:A. S. Altekar 1960
550:A. S. Altekar 1960
535:A. S. Altekar 1960
523:A. S. Altekar 1960
1026:
1025:
1000:(r. c. 1271–1313)
988:(r. c. 1261–1270)
982:(r. c. 1246–1261)
964:(r. c. 1187–1191)
947:(r. c. 1175–1187)
824:978-81-7007-121-1
800:978-0-520-01842-6
785:David N. Lorenzen
723:on 28 August 2016
676:, pp. 93–94.
308:Naddula Chahamana
178:Gujarat Chaulukya
151:
150:
1046:
908:(r. c. 985-1005)
875:Feudatory chiefs
857:
850:
843:
834:
833:
828:
809:T. V. Mahalingam
804:
780:
756:
732:
730:
728:
719:. Archived from
689:
683:
677:
671:
665:
659:
653:
647:
641:
635:
626:
620:
607:
601:
595:
589:
583:
577:
568:
562:
553:
547:
538:
532:
526:
520:
401:, Gutti (modern
40:
21:
20:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1003:
950:
870:
861:
831:
825:
801:
777:
753:
726:
724:
697:
692:
684:
680:
672:
668:
660:
656:
648:
644:
636:
629:
621:
610:
602:
598:
590:
586:
578:
571:
563:
556:
548:
541:
533:
529:
521:
512:
508:
473:
423:
339:
256:
206:
85:c. 1175-1187 CE
62:c. 1187–1191 CE
49:
19:
12:
11:
5:
1052:
1042:
1041:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1011:
1005:
1004:
1002:
1001:
995:
989:
983:
977:
971:
965:
958:
956:
952:
951:
949:
948:
942:
939:
936:
933:
930:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
903:
900:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
878:
876:
872:
871:
860:
859:
852:
845:
837:
830:
829:
823:
805:
799:
781:
775:
757:
751:
733:
698:
696:
693:
691:
690:
688:, p. 119.
678:
666:
664:, p. 112.
654:
652:, p. 526.
642:
640:, p. 141.
627:
625:, p. 525.
608:
606:, p. 140.
596:
594:, p. 524.
584:
582:, p. 142.
569:
567:, p. 523.
554:
552:, p. 522.
539:
537:, p. 521.
527:
525:, p. 519.
509:
507:
504:
472:
469:
422:
419:
338:
335:
255:
254:Northern raids
252:
240:Pratyanta-gada
205:
202:
176:, raiding the
149:
148:
143:
139:
138:
135:
131:
130:
128:Seuna (Yadava)
125:
119:
118:
113:
107:
106:
103:
99:
98:
95:
94:
93:Kaliya-Ballala
91:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
51:
50:
41:
33:
32:
26:
25:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1051:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1006:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
960:
959:
957:
953:
946:
943:
940:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
910:
907:
904:
901:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
882:Dridhaprahara
880:
879:
877:
873:
869:
865:
858:
853:
851:
846:
844:
839:
838:
835:
826:
820:
816:
815:
810:
806:
802:
796:
792:
791:
786:
782:
778:
776:9780226149349
772:
768:
767:
762:
758:
754:
752:9780231542418
748:
744:
743:
738:
734:
722:
718:
714:
710:
709:
704:
703:A. S. Altekar
700:
699:
687:
682:
675:
670:
663:
658:
651:
646:
639:
634:
632:
624:
619:
617:
615:
613:
605:
600:
593:
588:
581:
576:
574:
566:
561:
559:
551:
546:
544:
536:
531:
524:
519:
517:
515:
510:
503:
501:
497:
492:
490:
486:
482:
478:
477:Yogaratnamala
468:
465:
460:
457:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
418:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
371:
369:
365:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
343:Someshvara IV
334:
332:
328:
324:
320:
315:
313:
309:
303:
301:
297:
296:Vindhyavarman
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
228:
226:
222:
217:
215:
211:
204:Rise to power
201:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
147:
144:
140:
136:
132:
129:
126:
124:
120:
117:
114:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
75:
72:
69:
65:
61:
57:
52:
47:
46:
39:
34:
31:
27:
22:
16:
994:(r. c. 1270)
961:
944:
935:Amaragangeya
884:(c. 860-880)
813:
789:
765:
741:
725:. Retrieved
721:the original
707:
695:Bibliography
681:
669:
657:
645:
599:
587:
530:
493:
489:Chakravartin
476:
474:
461:
437:(except the
424:
375:Dvarasamudra
372:
340:
316:
304:
257:
229:
218:
207:
153:
152:
43:
30:Chakravartin
29:
18:Chakravartin
15:
998:Ramachandra
906:Bhillama II
435:Maharashtra
379:Nolambavadi
357:, with his
288:Mularaja II
244:Mangalwedha
236:Srivardhana
166:Maharashtra
90:Predecessor
974:Simhana II
962:Bhillama V
955:Sovereigns
945:Bhillama V
727:2 November
506:References
431:Malaprabha
411:Malaprabha
391:Lokkigundi
278:(southern
272:Kalachuris
190:Ballala II
154:Bhillama V
24:Bhillama V
491:Yadava".
447:Karnataka
439:Shilahara
362:minister
292:Chaulukya
264:Chalukyas
225:Kakatiyas
194:Karnataka
67:Successor
1033:Category
986:Mahadeva
868:Devagiri
787:(1972).
763:(2012).
739:(2016).
717:59001459
456:Ucchangi
399:Kurrugod
368:Devagiri
355:Banavasi
331:Panchala
300:Paramara
270:and the
268:Hoysalas
182:Paramara
146:Hinduism
142:Religion
980:Krishna
968:Jaitugi
451:Jaitugi
441:-ruled
427:Narmada
415:Krishna
405:), and
387:Belvola
383:Soratur
364:Hemadri
359:Kadamba
351:Ballala
347:Hoysala
312:Kelhana
280:Gujarat
214:Hemadri
198:Soratur
186:Hoysala
123:Dynasty
116:Jaitugi
71:Jaitugi
992:Ammana
821:
797:
773:
749:
715:
443:Konkan
407:Hangal
395:Yellur
349:ruler
327:Nepala
310:ruler
298:, the
290:, the
282:) and
260:Deccan
248:Sinnar
232:Konkan
170:Konkan
162:Deccan
134:Father
500:Gadag
481:Shaka
464:Gadag
421:Death
403:Gooty
323:Vanga
284:Malwa
210:Gadag
188:king
137:Karna
111:Issue
82:Reign
59:Reign
819:ISBN
795:ISBN
771:ISBN
747:ISBN
729:2016
713:OCLC
413:and
329:and
319:Anga
276:Lata
238:and
180:and
105:1191
102:Died
45:shri
866:of
498:at
397:),
160:of
1035::
630:^
611:^
572:^
557:^
542:^
513:^
325:,
321:,
314:.
286:.
856:e
849:t
842:v
827:.
803:.
779:.
755:.
731:.
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