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of resources arose, it became necessary to collect more information to distinguish them from one another. This conceptual framework of the bibliographic record as a collection of data elements served
American librarianship well in its first one-hundred years. Challenges to the current method have arisen in the form of new and different distribution methods, especially of the digital variety, and raise questions about whether the traditional conceptual model is still relevant and applicable.
31:) which represents and describes a specific resource. A bibliographic record contains the data elements necessary to help users identify and retrieve that resource, as well as additional supporting information, presented in a formalized bibliographic format. Additional information may support particular database functions such as search, or browse (e.g., by keywords), or may provide fuller presentation of the content item (e.g., the article's abstract).
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Early
American library catalogs in the colonial period were typically made available in book form, either manuscript or printed. In modern America, the title and author of a work were enough to distinguish it among others and order its record within a collection. However, as more and different kinds
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has the peculiarity to report notes about access and restrictions as well as the physical collocation of any single paper copy of each title, that exists in one of the libraries associated to their keeping system. This set of metadata allows to enforce the long-term digital preservation and content
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schema for expressing bibliographic data. BIBFRAME is still in draft form, but several libraries are already testing cataloging under the new format. BIBFRAME is particularly noteworthy because it describes resources using a number of different entities and relationships, unlike standard library
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132:. The subject bibliography databases (such as Chemical Abstracts, Medline, PsycInfo, or Web of Science) do not use the same kinds of bibliographical standards as does the library community. In this context, the
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Rachel Ivy Clarke (2014) Breaking
Records: The History of Bibliographic Records and Their Influence in Conceptualizing Bibliographic Data, Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 53:3-4, 286-302, DOI:
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publications. The process of creation, exchange, and preservation of bibliographic records are parts of a larger process, called
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Carpenter, Michael (1994). "Catalogs and
Cataloging". In Wiegand, Wayne A.; Davis, Donald G. Jr. (eds.).
82:) of religious texts from 2000 B.C., that were identified by what appear to be key words in Sumerian. In
58:. Bibliographic records can represent a wide variety of published contents, including traditional paper,
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records, which aggregate many types of information into a single independently understandable record.
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Today's bibliographic record formats originate from the times of the traditional paper-based isolated
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The earliest known bibliographic records come from the catalogues (written in cuneiform script on
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Bibliographic records are usually retrievable from bibliographic indexes (e.g., contemporary
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Bibliographic
Framework as a Web of Data: Linked Data Model and Supporting Services
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Miller, Eric; Uche Ogbuji; Victoria
Mueller; Kathy MacDougall (21 November 2012).
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124:. The modern formats, while reflecting this heritage in their structure, are
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Cowell, Stephanie (May 1998). "The legendary library at
Alexandria".
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recorded bibliographic records on 120 scrolls using a system called
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50:, or keyword. Bibliographic records can also be referred to as
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338:. Westport, Connecticut: Libraries Unlimited. p. 71.
181:. Westport, Connecticut: Libraries Unlimited. p. 70.
309:(Third ed.). American Library Association. p.
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440:. Practicing Oral History. Routledge. p. 42.
437:Curating Oral Histories: From Interview to Archive
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202:Joudrey, Daniel N., and Arlene G. Taylor (2018).
177:Reitz, Joan M. (2004). "bibliographic database".
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334:Reitz, Joan M. (2004). "bibliographic record".
336:Dictionary for Library and Information Science
179:Dictionary for Library and Information Science
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243:Encyclopedia of Library History
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434:Nancy Mackay (June 16, 2016).
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369:(Report). Library of Congress
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291:10.1080/01639374.2014.960988
136:is the best known standard.
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157:National Library of France
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143:is currently developing
301:Hagler, Ronald (1997).
36:bibliographic databases
88:Callimachus of Cyrene
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48:index term
456:994229515
222:cite book
118:libraries
60:digitized
482:Category
460:Archived
399:Archived
147:, a new
145:BIBFRAME
112:BIBFRAME
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102:Formats
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74:History
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