Bibliotherapy - Knowledge

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Fictional bibliotherapy (e.g., novels, poetry) is a dynamic process, where the material is actively interpreted in light of the reader's circumstances. From a psychodynamic perspective, fictional materials are believed to be effective through the processes of identification, catharsis and insight. Through identification with a character in the story the reader gains an alternative position from which to view their own issues. By empathizing with the character the client undergoes a form of catharsis through gaining hope and releasing emotional tension, which consequently leads to insights and behavioral change. Working with an imaginative journey and a specific selection of metaphors, proponents claim that a therapeutic story approach has the potential to shift an out of balance behavior or situation back towards wholeness or balance. A patient might also find it easier to talk about his issues if he and the therapist can pretend that they are talking about the character's issues. Proponents suggest that the story form offers a healing medium that allows the listener to embark on an imaginative journey, rather than being lectured or directly addressed about the issue.

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populations that have trouble with traditional literacy instruction. Resistance to learning can take many forms, some of which can be seen in populations involved with the criminal justice system. Graphic novels are most often used to entice the group referred to as "reluctant readers", people who have abandoned reading for pleasure. While this group may be literate in the basic sense, research shows that people who read for pleasure continuously improve vocabulary and language skills, skills that can help people rehabilitate after incarceration. Research shows graphic novels are of use to students with traditional learning disabilities, like dyslexia and also have been shown to be effective when used in a bibliotherapeutic context to assist people with mental illness in explaining their own struggles to others. Graphic novels have also been described by professionals in the field as especially apt for portraying the struggles associated with mental illness.

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to as carryover agents, who carry out recommendations from other professionals who have suggested accommodations necessary to ensure a particular student's well-being or success in their classroom. In inclusive classrooms, the teacher and the whole class play a role in meeting directly or indirectly, the needs of students with exceptionalities. Bibliotherapy can help the students in the class to learn coping skills that will help them deal with the social and emotional challenges that may occur. Books and reading are an integral part of classroom life. Through books, "children are able to see reflections of themselves, their times, their country, their concerns... well-written realistic fiction will always help readers gain a deeper understanding of themselves and others."

347:(CBT), and visual-based materials. Affective bibliotherapy relies upon fiction which can aid participants. By empathizing with a story's character, the client undergoes a form of catharsis by gaining hope and releasing emotional tension. There can also be a connection made between the circumstances in a story and the reader's own personal issues. This, consequently, leads to insights and behavioral change. Bibliotherapy using CBT relies mainly on self-help books which work to correct negative behaviors by offering alternative, positive actions. Visual-based materials, such as graphic novels, utilize both affective and CBT techniques. 483:

them to the needs of individual students to assist them in the development of self-awareness, problem-solving skills, perspective-taking, and understanding of problems. The materials may include "any literacy activity, including reading (fiction, nonfiction, or poetry), creative writing, or storytelling." Teachers that select appropriate literature for their classroom needs may provide a child with a "character in a story to help the child understand himself Classroom story time and a guided discussion allows students to "become aware of problems of other children and develop empathy".

398:. Public health-based comic books originated in the 1940s. The earliest public health comics averaged around twelve pages and were aimed at preventive instruction for children. Over the last fifteen years, however, the genre has evolved and public health graphic novels and are now commonly 150 pages long and focus more on adult struggles with physical or mental illness. This change has gotten the attention of medical professionals who gather and evaluate these materials. Currently, a group of physicians, professors, artists, and 356:

prevalent methodology in the literature. The selection of CBT books is important since there are many on the market that purport to help. Pardeck's analysis on choosing books is quite instructive and much of his criteria mirror what librarians teach in information literacy. These include the authority of the author on the topic, the type of empirical support offered for treatment claims, the existence of studies testing its clinical efficacy, and a comparative review of other books.

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support from the student's parents or guardians, defining the issue that the student is facing and why the teacher wants to help solve it, creating goals that may help the student overcome the issue, researching books that may help with the specific problem, introducing the book to all the people that will be involved, incorporating reading activities, and evaluating the effects and successes that the book may have had on the student.

229:, the extraordinary philosopher and physician to Marcus Aurelius of Rome, maintained a medical library in the first century A.D., used not only by himself but by the staff of the Sanctuary Asclepion, a Roman spa famous for its therapeutic waters and considered to be one of the first hospital centers in the world. As far back as 1272, the Koran was prescribed reading in the Al-Mansur Hospital in Cairo as medical treatment. 260:

beginning in the 1930s, also began to show growth in the use of reading therapy in hospital libraries. Charles Hagberg-Wright, librarian of the London Library, speaking at the 1930 British Empire Red Cross Conference, spoke about the importance of bibliotherapy as part of "curative medicine" in hospitals. In addition, reports from the 1930 Public Health Conference about bibliotherapy were included in the British journal

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the personality of the reader and literature – interaction which may be utilized for personal assessment, adjustment, and growth." Bibliotherapy for adults is a form of self-administered treatment in which structured materials provide a means to alleviate distress. The concept of the treatment is based on the human inclination to identify with others through their expressions in literature and

509:"Is the story simple, clear, brief, non repetitious, and believable? Is it at an appropriate reading level and developmental level? Does the story fit with relevant feelings, needs, interests, and goals? Does it demonstrate cultural diversity, gender inclusivity, and sensitivity to aggression? Do characters show coping skills and does the problem situation show resolution?" 496:

the literary work, and insight is when the reader realizes that they relate to the character or situation and learn to deal more effectively with their own personal issues. Literary pieces allow teachers to identify for their class, or an individual student, a particular issue that they are dealing with directly or indirectly. In a class with a

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the nurturing experience".) Her evaluation at the end of the 12-week program described all responses as positive and participants commented that they "look forward to the group as it made them think for themselves and gave them something to think about aside from their ailments and the monotony of the day" (p. 90).

433:, and negative behaviors. There has been advocacy for reading books containing difficult themes in advance, rather than in response to a parent or teacher identifying a specific issue in a child's life. The major issue that lies behind bibliotherapy is the lack of research that has been conducted on this therapy device. 192:

consideration is placed on the therapist in the selection of reading material and in including other activities to facilitate skill acquisition and symptom reduction. An important difference between the two is the greater empirical support of symptom reduction in bibliotherapy as a supportive psychotherapy.

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Implementing bibliotherapy in an elementary classroom can be very beneficial to both the students and the teacher. Teachers who use bibliotherapy in their classroom also learn much about the children they teach. Teachers as practitioners of bibliotherapy select appropriate reading materials and match

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when groups and communities face challenges. For example, therapeutic storytelling can play a role in creating inclusive classroom and work communities. Therapeutic stories are also sometimes referred to as "healing stories". In the US, the National Storytelling Network has a special interest group

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Advantages of bibliotherapy include teaching students to solve problems, help students cope with teasing, name-calling, mockery, fears, sexuality changes, anxiety, and death. Despite the limited research on bibliotherapy and its effects, many teachers have shown improved achievement and self-concept.

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Bibliotherapy has not been vastly researched to ensure that it will be successful for all students. It has many drawbacks, which include unavailable literature on certain topics that students may be struggling with, many students not being ready to face their issues and read, and students and parents

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are long-form comic books, usually 100 pages or more in length. The application of graphic novels in this context will allow people struggling with literacy to have better access to materials. Dozens of graphic novels have been published over the last decade that address public health topics, such as

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student, for example, books featuring a character with the same needs will help students experience living with a chronic condition; through a guided discussion, they will be able to verbalize their thoughts and concerns. This exercise will offer insight into the issue of how to help their classmate

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In the article "Read two books and write me in the morning", the authors highlight the fact that teachers are an integral part of a student's therapeutic team. It is the teacher who may be the first person to notice that something is troubling a child. They also note that teachers have been referred

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The use of books selected on the basis of content in a planned reading program designed to facilitate the recovery of patients suffering from mental illness or emotional disturbance. Ideally, the process occurs in three phases: personal identification of the reader with a particular character in the

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Bibliotherapy has been studied by Jennie Bolitho (2011) in relationship to libraries, health and social connection for the elderly. Bolitho set up a pilot reading program where she read the text aloud to a group of participants at a local aged care hostel. (She described "being read to as part of

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Bibliotherapy has three recognized stages: (1) identification, (2) catharsis, and (3) insight. Identification is when a reader associates themselves with the character or situation in the literary work. Catharsis is when the reader shares many of the same thoughts and feelings of the characters in

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The gains achieved in cognitive bibliotherapy illustrate that the most important element in cognitive bibliotherapy is content of the program and not the individual interactions with a therapist. Bibliotherapy using CBT have been empirically tested the most and directed CBT appears to be the most

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In its most basic form, bibliotherapy is using books to aid people in solving the issues that they may be facing at a particular time. It consists of selecting reading material relevant to a client's life situation. Bibliotherapy has also been explained as "a process of dynamic interaction between

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article, it eventually found its way into the medical lexicon. During World War I, the Library War Service stationed librarians in military hospitals, where they dispensed books to patients and developed the emerging "science" of bibliotherapy with hospital physicians. When they returned from the

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Unstructured and more informal bibliotherapy fits under creative arts therapies, possibly including reading or activity recommendations by a librarian or health professional based on perceived therapeutic value. More structured bibliotherapy can be described as supportive psychotherapy, where more

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Bibliotherapy can consist solely of reading, or it can be complemented by discussion or play activity. A child might be asked to draw a scene from the book or asked whether commonality is felt with a particular character in the book. The book can be used to draw out a child on a subject (s)he has

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There is not as much research on using fiction in bibliotherapy when compared to cognitive self-help books. The recent work of Shechtman has been important in investigating the use of affective literature for bibliotherapy. In her work on counseling with aggressive boys, Shechtman discusses the

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Teachers who practice or need to use bibliotherapy can find connections to their state or provincial guidelines. A common challenge for classroom teachers is finding the right book, and although some annotated bibliographies are available online and in curriculum publications, not all issues are

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Although the term "bibliotherapy" was first coined by Samuel Crothers in 1916, the use of books to change behavior and reduce distress has a long history, dating back to the Middle Ages. When applied in a therapeutic context, bibliotherapy can comprise both fictional and non-fictional materials.

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With hospitals taking the lead, bibliotherapy principles and practice developed in the United States. In the United Kingdom, some felt that bibliotherapy lagged behind the US and Joyce Coates, writing in the Library Association Record, felt that "the possibilities of bibliotherapy have yet to be

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used bibliotherapy in her work at the VA Hospital in Tuskegee, Alabama from 1924 to her death in 1958. Elizabeth Pomeroy, director of the Veterans Administration Library Service, published the results of her research in 1937 on the efficacy of bibliotherapy at VA hospitals. The United Kingdom,

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There are steps that make bibliotherapy a more effective solution for dealing with the issues that a student may be facing, including developing support, trust, and confidence with the student with an issue, identifying other school personnel that could aid in implementing the therapy, seeking

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Two forms of bibliotherapy exist: clinical and developmental. Clinical bibliotherapy is solely used by qualified personnel in a therapeutic setting and developmental bibliotherapy is a useful tool to utilize before a problem arises. Developmental bibliotherapy can be useful for issues such as

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and hosts an annual conference to discuss the use of graphic novels and comic books in health. There is a wide range of research that indicates graphic novels are an effective tool for people struggling with literacy and communication problems. They also have been shown to be effective with

377:, and difficulties in self-expression. Using integrative treatment whereby the patient explores the problem, gains insight, and commits to change, Shechtman found that using affective bibliotherapy techniques achieved therapeutic change while indicating gains in empathy and insight. 236:

favored the use of literature in hospitals for both the "amusement and instruction of patients". By the middle of the century, Minson Galt II wrote on the uses of bibliotherapy in mental institutions, and by 1900 libraries were an important part of European psychiatric institutions.

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Gualano, M. R.; Bert, F.; Martorana, M.; Voglino, G.; Andriolo, V.; Thomas, R.; Gramaglia, C.; Zeppegno, P.; Siliquini, R. (2017). "The long-term effects of bibliotherapy in depression treatment: Systematic review of randomized clinical trials".

264:. By the 1920s, there were also training programs in bibliotherapy. One of the first to offer such training was the School of Library Science at Western Reserve University followed by a program at the University of Minnesota School of Medicine. 268:

fully explored". In 1966, the Association of Hospital and Institution Libraries, a division of the American Library Association, issued a working definition of bibliotherapy in recognition of its growing influence. Then, in the 1970s,

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recommended work, resulting in psychological catharsis, which leads to rational insight concerning the relevance of the solution suggested in the text to the reader's own experience. Assistance of a trained psychotherapist is advised.

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effectively. Bibliotherapy "does not prescribe meanings, nor is it a form of direct teaching; it is more an invitation and permission giving to children to unveil wisdom and insight that might otherwise be squelched."

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is typically read in 8th or 9th grade as Romeo is 15 and Juliet is 13; students at that age can identify with them.) Recently it has become possible to find texts targeted to the situation; e.g. many of the

172:(CBT) is its cost-effectiveness, although, especially for complex presentations, CBT tends to have more positive treatment outcomes. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of mild to moderate 2991: 2093:

Burrows, Leigh (2008). "Max and the knight: how a therapeutic story provided a connection point for child, family, school, human service agencies and community". In Bottrell, D; Meagher, G (eds.).

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nightmares as children age. Developmental bibliotherapy is often used by teachers or parents, however, if an issue arises that a teacher or parent cannot handle, clinical bibliotherapy is needed.

255:, was the library administrator for the McLean Hospital in Massachusetts. This influential work was first published in 1923, and then updated in 1939, and again in 1953. Pioneer librarian 1931: 335:

The use of bibliotherapy in mental health programs, including those for substance abuse, has been shown to be beneficial to patients in the United Kingdom where it is a popular resource.

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Of necessity, bibliotherapy originally used existing texts. Literature that touched on the particular subject relevant to the child provided the source material. (For example,

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Prater, Mary Anne; Johnstun, Marissa; Dyches, Tina Taylor & Johnstun, Marion (2006). "Using Children's Books as Bibliotherapy for At-Risk Students: A Guide for Teachers".

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people, which concluded that bibliotherapy is effective. Glavin et al. (2017) also conducted a review and concluded that bibliotherapy could effectively treat

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Schlichter, C. L., & Burke, M. (1994). Using books to nurture the social and emotional development of gifted students. Roeper Review, 16(4), 280–283.

272:, a proponent for the use of bibliotherapy, created the "Bibliotherapy Round Table" which sponsored lectures and publications dedicated to the practice. 2283: 753: 1938: 947: 1818: 1201: 629:

Gualano, M.R.; Bert, F.; Martorana, M.; Voglino, G.; Andriolo, V.; Thomas, R.; Gramaglia, C.; Zeppegno, P.; Siliquini, R. (December 2017).

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Bibliotherapy is a form of psychotherapy. Libraries in hospitals for sick patients, and "therapeutic storytelling" are not bibliotherapy.

1040: 225:. Considered to be the oldest known library motto in the world, ψῡχῆς ἰατρεῖον on, is translated: "the house of healing for the soul". 425:

defensively implementing the therapy. The resistance of using bibliotherapy is based on a lack of assertiveness, negative attitudes,

1720:""Hey Wait! I Think I've Read about Something Like That!" Using Bibliotherapy to Help Teenagers Cope with Issues in Their Lives" 1700: 2373:

Betzalel, Nurit; Shechtman, Zipora (2017). "The impact of bibliotherapy superheroes on youth who experience parental absence".

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Shechtman, Z. & Nir-Shfrir, R. (2008). "The Effect of Affective Bibliotherapy on Clients' Functioning in Group Therapy".

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Iaquinta, A. & Hipsky, S. (2006). "Practical bibliotherapy strategies for the inclusive elementary school classroom".

1793:"Read two books and write me in the morning! bibliotherapy for social emotional intervention in the inclusive classroom" 1309:

Glavin C, Montgomery P (2017). "Creative bibliotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): a systematic review".

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Smith, N.M.; Floyd, M.R.; Jamison, C. & Scogin, F. (1997). "Three year follow up of bibliotherapy for depression".

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Clarke, J.M. (1984). "Reading therapy – an outline of its growth in the UK". In Jean M. Clarke; Eileen Bostle (eds.).

1913: 1095: 931: 906: 729: 702: 176:, with cognitive bibliotherapy having a long-lasting effect. Modest evidence also exists to the symptom reduction of 1285: 3124: 2852: 469:

Many therapeutic stories are written for specific individual needs, but practitioners have also used them to build

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Skočić Mihić, Sanja; Maich, Kimberly; Belcher, Christina; Perrow, Susan; Barišić, Ana; Ramić, Nadia Novak (2017).

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war, they tried to implement these ideas in hospital libraries. E. Kathleen Jones, the editor of the book series

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child who reads, or is read a story about another child who has lost a parent may feel less alone in the world.

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Detrixhe, J. J. (2010). "Souls in jeopardy: questions and innovations for bibliotherapy with fiction".

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Bolitho, J. (2011). "Reading into wellbeing: Bibliotherapy, libraries, health and social connection".

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touched upon. A teacher may have to find their book. The following evaluation framework is suggested:

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or the reading of specific texts. It uses an individual's relationship to the content of books and

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The Role of Bibliotherapy and Therapeutic Storytelling in Creating Inclusive Classroom Communities

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without therapeutic intervention, or a therapist "prescribing" a movie that might provide needed

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Books as Medicine: Studies in Reading, Its History, and the Enduring Belief in Its Power to Heal

3114: 2732: 2573: 1536: 256: 1232:"Bibliotherapy: Its Processes and Benefits and Application in Clinical Developmental Settings" 3129: 3018: 2949: 2644: 1962: 217:, there was a phrase above the entrance to the royal chamber where books were stored by King 213: 115: 2176:

Bibliotherapy with young people: librarians and mental health professionals working together

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Brewster, L. (2009). "Books on prescription: Bibliotherapy in the United Kingdom".

1958: 1883: 1845:"Bibliotherapy: Using fiction to help children in two populations discuss feelings" 1756: 1637: 1483: 1463: 1436: 1380: 1360: 1318: 1024: 975: 859: 824: 787: 650: 642: 590: 544: 458: 451: 403: 246: 208: 1322: 594: 3044: 2827: 2822: 2754: 2744: 2213: 1792: 1504: 979: 366: 201: 131: 75: 1760: 1592:"Reading into wellbeing: bibliotherapy, libraries, health and social connection" 578: 548: 3083: 3050: 2976: 2891: 2886: 2857: 2837: 2670: 2585: 2504: 1467: 1202:"Maximize Your Experience With Books: The Four-Stage Process of Bibliotheraphy" 828: 630: 293: 185: 2491: 2424: 2039: 1887: 1364: 1344:

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Berns, C. F. (2004). "Bibliotherapy: Using books to help bereaved children".

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National Storytelling Network's Healing Story Alliance Special Interest Group

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McCulliss, D. (2012). "Bibliotherapy: Historical and research perspectives".

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for behavioral therapy. The main advantage of this psychotherapy compared to

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Handbook of Research on Classroom Diversity and Inclusive Education Practice

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Handbook of research on classroom diversity and inclusive education practice

1689: 3093: 2954: 2702: 2687: 2617: 2600: 2450: 1978: 1860: 1641: 1533:"Graphic novels boost interest in reading among students with disabilities" 1475: 1372: 1343: 1036: 814: 801: 776:"Bibliotherapy for mental health service users Part 1: a systematic review" 672: 119: 1932:"A bibliotherapy partnership between public libraries and health services" 836: 2896: 2806: 2717: 2692: 2654: 2639: 2558: 2551: 2541: 1125: 399: 332:, even though well-designed RTCs still need to ascertain this statement. 2433: 2129: 1010:"Patients' and providers' perspectives on bibliotherapy in primary care" 655: 2971: 2675: 2612: 2546: 1819:"How Bibliotherapy Can Help Students Open Up About Their Mental Health" 871: 537:"Creative Writing, Literature, Storytelling and Mental Health Practice" 462:

books target particular behaviors and responses to certain situations.

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Using books in clinical social work practice: a guide to bibliotherapy

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McKenna et al. (2010) conducted a review on psychotherapies for older

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Bibliotherapy can be performed using affective treatment techniques,

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Cornett, Claudia E; Phi Delta Kappa; Educational Foundation (1980).

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Using Bibliotherapy in Clinical Practice: A Guide to Self-Help Books

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intervention where through the reading of a chosen standard manual,

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Bergner, Raymond M. (2007). "Therapeutic storytelling revisited".

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The concept of bibliotherapy has widened over time, to include

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Of mice and metaphors: therapeutic storytelling with children

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Journal of Humanistic Counseling, Education and Development

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Therapeutic storytelling: 101 healing stories for children

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The Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science

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American Library Association (n.d.) (17 December 2012).

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Using story telling as a therapeutic tool with children

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Australasian Public Libraries and Information Services

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U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (February 2009).

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Using Bibliotherapy: A Guide to Theory and Practice.

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"A Literary Clinic". 2111: 2095:Communities and change: selected papers 2092: 1948: 1703:, 2017, IGI Global, Chapter 16, page 37 1589: 1063: 1017:Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy 961: 959: 957: 275: 16:Form of psychotherapy involving reading 3107: 2262: 2054: 1220: 534: 490: 359: 350: 44:may be able to help recruit an expert. 2500: 2073: 1921:American Library Association (2011). 1816: 1229: 1191: 1076: 2284:"Youth matters: A feeling for books" 2174:Doll, Beth; Doll, Carol Ann (1997). 1535:. Indiana University. Archived from 1143:Lehr, Fran. (1981). Bibliotherapy. 954: 849: 769: 767: 765: 763: 689:David Burns (1999). "Introduction". 684: 682: 624: 622: 620: 18: 2267:. Gloucestershire: Hawthorn Press. 1663:Maeve Visser Knoth (May 24, 2006). 1531:Schneider, R. (September 6, 2005). 1257:"The Mystery And Magic Of Metaphor" 477: 474:called the Healing Story Alliance. 381:Visual treatment and graphic novels 338: 200:Bibliotherapy is an old concept in 152:skills are acquired through either 13: 2357: 1800:TEACHING Exceptional Children Plus 1441:10.1002/j.2161-1939.2010.tb00087.x 717: 14: 3141: 2485: 2347:"VA bibliography reference guide" 2028:Journal of Hospital Librarianship 1951:American Journal of Psychotherapy 1876:Early Childhood Education Journal 1791:Maich, K. & Kean, S. (2004). 1749:OMEGA: Journal of Death and Dying 1410:Psychotherapy in Private Practice 774:Fanner, D.; Urquhart, C. (2008). 760: 679: 617: 440: 306:(2011) defines bibliotherapy as: 232:In the early nineteenth century, 3088: 3079: 3078: 3068: 2246:Muller, K. (February 15, 2011). 1230:Canty, Nick (February 8, 2017). 793:10.1111/j.1471-1842.2008.00821.x 513: 23: 3069: 2464:. London; New York: Routledge. 2375:School Psychology International 1905: 1867: 1836: 1810: 1694: 1682: 1656: 1583: 1543: 1524: 1510: 1490: 1447: 1420: 1401: 1337: 1278: 1249: 1165: 1150: 1117: 1104: 1057: 915: 577:Rottenberg, Biri (2022-01-02). 410: 315: 2195:The Therapeutic Use of Stories 886: 843: 808: 711: 697:. Plume. pp. pxvi–xxxii. 570: 528: 330:post-traumatic stress disorder 1: 2055:Broome, Hamish (2015-11-20). 1817:Fraga, Juli (June 13, 2018). 1590:Bolitho, Jennie (June 2011). 1323:10.1080/08893675.2017.1266190 718:M., Lewinsohn, Peter (1986). 595:10.1080/08893675.2021.2004371 522: 2992:Conservation and restoration 2193:Dwivedi, Kedar Nath (2006). 2007:Brandell, Jerrold R (2017). 1559:Young Adult Library Services 1263:. 2014-10-27. Archived from 1161:. Westport: Greenwood Press. 980:10.1080/08893675.2012.654944 901:. New York: Harper Collins. 345:cognitive behavioral therapy 170:cognitive behavioral therapy 7: 2326:Sunderland, Margot (2017). 1912:Psychology writing (2024). 1761:10.2190/361D-JHD8-RNJT-RYJV 1237:. University College London 549:10.1007/978-3-319-74884-9_7 369:with symptoms of emotional 126:and other written words as 36:. The specific problem is: 10: 3146: 2413:Clinical Psychology Review 1665:"What Ails Bibliotherapy?" 1565:(4): 43–45. Archived from 1468:10.1521/ijgp.2008.58.1.103 829:10.1037/0022-006X.65.2.324 635:Clinical Psychology Review 446:been hesitant to discuss. 195: 164:for cognitive therapy and 3064: 2942: 2876: 2815: 2663: 2534: 2526: 2425:10.1016/j.cpr.2017.09.006 2040:10.1080/15323260903253456 1888:10.1007/s10643-006-0128-5 1630:Preventing School Failure 1365:10.1017/S0033291710000772 1311:Journal of Poetry Therapy 1064:Mahoney, Mary M. (2017). 968:Journal of Poetry Therapy 693:The Feeling Good Handbook 647:10.1016/j.cpr.2017.09.006 583:Journal of Poetry Therapy 420:Use in children's therapy 211:, in his monumental work 162:The Feeling Good Handbook 82: 68: 63: 2458:Pardeck, John T (2013). 2387:10.1177/0143034317719943 2074:Burns, George W (2001). 1724:Yale National Initiative 724:. Simon & Schuster. 471:psychological resilience 141:supportive psychotherapy 112:therapeutic storytelling 3125:Creative arts therapies 2650:Collection (publishing) 2574:Illuminated manuscripts 2234:McLaine, Susan (2012). 2112:Burrows, Leigh (2013). 1914:"What Is Bibliotherapy" 926:. Phoenix, Oryx Press. 721:Control your depression 385:In the simplest sense, 242:Samuel McChord Crothers 166:Control Your Depression 2282:Pierce, J. B. (2010). 2263:Perrow, Susan (2016). 2212:Mahoney, Mary (2017). 2197:. Taylor and Francis. 1944:on September 16, 2009. 1718:Katrina Graham Short. 1642:10.3200/PSFL.50.4.5-10 1353:Psychological Medicine 1290:Ballina Shire Advocate 1286:"The power of a story" 1157:Pardeck, J.T. (1993). 897:Patience and fortitude 313: 257:Sadie Peterson Delaney 42:WikiProject Psychology 3019:Intellectual property 2645:Volume (bibliography) 2330:. London: Routledge. 2011:. SAGE Publications. 1550:Snowball, C. (2005). 1496:Schneider, E (2014). 893:Basbanes, N. (2001). 852:The Library Quarterly 535:Gillam, Tony (2018), 308: 214:Bibliotheca historica 116:creative arts therapy 98:(also referred to as 2148:The Atlantic Monthly 1114:Phoenix: Oryx, 1978. 922:Rubin, R.J. (1978). 276:Changing definitions 270:Arleen McCarty Hynes 2217:(Online exhibition) 2130:10.1017/jgc.2013.17 2078:. New York: Wiley. 1539:on January 9, 2006. 491:Stages for teachers 431:sexual dysfunctions 360:Affective treatment 351:Cognitive treatment 204:. According to the 139:bibliotherapy as a 3056:World Book Capital 2288:American Libraries 2252:American Libraries 1518:"Graphic Medicine" 1503:2019-10-29 at the 1145:Journal of Reading 285:. For instance, a 253:Hospital Libraries 244:in an August 1916 178:alcohol dependence 154:behavioral therapy 150:emotion regulation 3102: 3101: 2934:Coffee table book 2765:Bookworm (insect) 2471:978-1-317-82670-5 2337:978-0-86388-425-2 2274:978-1-907359-15-6 2258:on June 29, 2016. 2221:Books as Medicine 2204:978-0-415-15071-2 2185:978-0-585-14748-2 2166:978-1-5225-2521-9 2144:Crothers, S. McC. 2104:978-1-920898-84-7 2085:978-0-471-39589-8 2018:978-1-5063-0559-2 1849:Pediatric Nursing 1843:Amer, K. (1999). 1359:(12): 1943–1957. 558:978-3-319-74883-2 294:self-help manuals 158:cognitive therapy 93: 92: 59: 58: 3137: 3092: 3082: 3081: 3072: 3071: 3002:History of books 2521: 2514: 2507: 2498: 2497: 2481: 2479: 2478: 2454: 2436: 2406: 2369: 2353: 2351: 2341: 2322: 2320: 2319: 2302: 2300: 2299: 2290:. Archived from 2278: 2259: 2254:. Archived from 2242: 2240: 2230: 2228: 2227: 2218: 2208: 2189: 2170: 2151: 2139: 2137: 2136: 2108: 2089: 2070: 2068: 2067: 2051: 2022: 2003: 1982: 1945: 1943: 1937:. Archived from 1936: 1926: 1917: 1900: 1899: 1871: 1865: 1864: 1840: 1834: 1833: 1831: 1829: 1814: 1808: 1807: 1797: 1788: 1773: 1772: 1744: 1735: 1734: 1732: 1730: 1715: 1704: 1698: 1692: 1686: 1680: 1679: 1677: 1675: 1660: 1654: 1653: 1625: 1612: 1611: 1609: 1607: 1587: 1581: 1580: 1578: 1577: 1571: 1556: 1547: 1541: 1540: 1528: 1522: 1521: 1514: 1508: 1494: 1488: 1487: 1451: 1445: 1444: 1424: 1418: 1417: 1405: 1399: 1398: 1396: 1395: 1389: 1383:. Archived from 1350: 1341: 1335: 1334: 1306: 1300: 1299: 1297: 1296: 1282: 1276: 1275: 1273: 1272: 1253: 1247: 1246: 1244: 1242: 1236: 1227: 1218: 1217: 1215: 1213: 1208:. 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Reitz. 1170: 1166: 1155: 1151: 1142: 1133: 1126:"Bibliotherapy" 1122: 1118: 1110:Rubin, Rhea J. 1109: 1105: 1098: 1088:Reading Therapy 1084: 1077: 1062: 1058: 1049: 1047: 1043: 1029:10.1002/cpp.679 1012: 1006: 995: 964: 955: 939: 938: 934: 920: 916: 909: 891: 887: 848: 844: 813: 809: 772: 761: 745: 744: 732: 716: 712: 705: 687: 680: 627: 618: 575: 571: 563: 561: 559: 533: 529: 525: 516: 493: 480: 443: 422: 413: 383: 362: 353: 341: 318: 278: 206:Greek historian 202:library science 198: 132:writing therapy 104:reading therapy 89: 74: 55: 49: 46: 40: 28: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3143: 3133: 3132: 3127: 3122: 3117: 3100: 3099: 3097: 3096: 3086: 3076: 3065: 3062: 3061: 3059: 3058: 3053: 3051:World Book Day 3048: 3041: 3036: 3031: 3026: 3021: 3016: 3015: 3014: 3009: 2999: 2994: 2989: 2984: 2979: 2977:Book packaging 2974: 2969: 2968: 2967: 2962: 2952: 2946: 2944: 2940: 2939: 2937: 2936: 2931: 2930: 2929: 2924: 2919: 2911: 2906: 2905: 2904: 2899: 2894: 2889: 2880: 2878: 2874: 2873: 2871: 2870: 2865: 2863:United Kingdom 2860: 2855: 2850: 2845: 2840: 2835: 2830: 2825: 2819: 2817: 2813: 2812: 2810: 2809: 2804: 2803: 2802: 2792: 2787: 2782: 2781: 2780: 2775: 2767: 2762: 2757: 2752: 2747: 2742: 2741: 2740: 2735: 2730: 2725: 2715: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2690: 2685: 2684: 2683: 2673: 2667: 2665: 2661: 2660: 2658: 2657: 2652: 2647: 2642: 2637: 2632: 2631: 2630: 2625: 2620: 2610: 2609: 2608: 2603: 2598: 2593: 2588: 2578: 2577: 2576: 2566: 2561: 2556: 2555: 2554: 2544: 2538: 2536: 2532: 2531: 2524: 2523: 2516: 2509: 2501: 2495: 2494: 2487: 2486:External links 2484: 2483: 2482: 2470: 2455: 2407: 2381:(5): 473–490. 2370: 2359: 2356: 2355: 2354: 2342: 2336: 2323: 2303: 2279: 2273: 2260: 2243: 2231: 2209: 2203: 2190: 2184: 2171: 2165: 2159:. IGI Global. 2152: 2140: 2124:(2): 172–184. 2109: 2103: 2090: 2084: 2071: 2052: 2034:(4): 399–407. 2023: 2017: 2004: 1983: 1957:(2): 149–162. 1946: 1927: 1918: 1907: 1904: 1902: 1901: 1882:(4): 209–213. 1866: 1835: 1809: 1774: 1755:(4): 321–336. 1736: 1705: 1693: 1681: 1655: 1613: 1582: 1542: 1523: 1509: 1489: 1462:(1): 103–117. 1446: 1419: 1400: 1336: 1301: 1277: 1248: 1219: 1190: 1164: 1149: 1147:, 25(1), 76–79 1131: 1116: 1103: 1096: 1075: 1056: 1023:(6): 497–509. 993: 953: 932: 914: 907: 885: 864:10.1086/629993 842: 823:(2): 324–327. 807: 786:(4): 237–252. 759: 730: 710: 703: 678: 616: 569: 557: 526: 524: 521: 515: 512: 511: 510: 492: 489: 479: 476: 442: 441:Implementation 439: 429:, depression, 421: 418: 412: 409: 387:graphic novels 382: 379: 361: 358: 352: 349: 340: 337: 317: 314: 277: 274: 197: 194: 186:panic disorder 118:that involves 108:poetry therapy 91: 90: 83: 80: 79: 72: 66: 65: 57: 56: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3142: 3131: 3128: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3116: 3115:Bibliotherapy 3113: 3112: 3110: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3085: 3077: 3075: 3067: 3066: 3063: 3057: 3054: 3052: 3049: 3047: 3046: 3042: 3040: 3037: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3025: 3022: 3020: 3017: 3013: 3010: 3008: 3005: 3004: 3003: 3000: 2998: 2995: 2993: 2990: 2988: 2985: 2983: 2982:Book swapping 2980: 2978: 2975: 2973: 2970: 2966: 2963: 2961: 2958: 2957: 2956: 2953: 2951: 2948: 2947: 2945: 2941: 2935: 2932: 2928: 2925: 2923: 2920: 2918: 2915: 2914: 2912: 2910: 2907: 2903: 2900: 2898: 2895: 2893: 2890: 2888: 2885: 2884: 2882: 2881: 2879: 2875: 2869: 2868:United States 2866: 2864: 2861: 2859: 2856: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2844: 2841: 2839: 2836: 2834: 2831: 2829: 2826: 2824: 2821: 2820: 2818: 2814: 2808: 2805: 2801: 2798: 2797: 2796: 2793: 2791: 2790:Print culture 2788: 2786: 2783: 2779: 2776: 2774: 2771: 2770: 2768: 2766: 2763: 2761: 2758: 2756: 2753: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2743: 2739: 2736: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2726: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2719: 2716: 2714: 2711: 2709: 2708:Bibliotherapy 2706: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2694: 2691: 2689: 2686: 2682: 2679: 2678: 2677: 2674: 2672: 2669: 2668: 2666: 2662: 2656: 2653: 2651: 2648: 2646: 2643: 2641: 2638: 2636: 2633: 2629: 2626: 2624: 2621: 2619: 2616: 2615: 2614: 2611: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2587: 2584: 2583: 2582: 2579: 2575: 2572: 2571: 2570: 2567: 2565: 2562: 2560: 2557: 2553: 2550: 2549: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2540: 2539: 2537: 2533: 2529: 2522: 2517: 2515: 2510: 2508: 2503: 2502: 2499: 2493: 2490: 2489: 2473: 2467: 2463: 2462: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2435: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2418: 2414: 2408: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2371: 2367: 2362: 2361: 2348: 2343: 2339: 2333: 2329: 2324: 2313: 2309: 2304: 2294:on 2013-03-22 2293: 2289: 2285: 2280: 2276: 2270: 2266: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2244: 2237: 2232: 2222: 2215: 2210: 2206: 2200: 2196: 2191: 2187: 2181: 2177: 2172: 2168: 2162: 2158: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2110: 2106: 2100: 2096: 2091: 2087: 2081: 2077: 2072: 2062: 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401: 397: 393: 388: 378: 376: 372: 368: 357: 348: 346: 336: 333: 331: 327: 322: 312: 307: 305: 301: 300:to a client. 299: 295: 290: 288: 284: 273: 271: 265: 263: 258: 254: 249: 248: 243: 238: 235: 234:Benjamin Rush 230: 228: 224: 220: 216: 215: 210: 207: 203: 193: 189: 187: 183: 179: 175: 171: 167: 163: 159: 155: 151: 147: 143: 142: 135: 133: 129: 125: 121: 117: 113: 109: 105: 101: 97: 96:Bibliotherapy 87: 81: 77: 73: 71: 67: 64:Bibliotherapy 62: 53: 43: 39: 35: 32:This article 30: 21: 20: 3130:Storytelling 3043: 3039:Preservation 2955:Book burning 2950:Banned books 2707: 2703:Bibliophilia 2688:Bibliography 2618:advance copy 2601:instant book 2569:Illustration 2552:dust jackets 2475:. Retrieved 2460: 2434:2318/1662499 2416: 2412: 2378: 2374: 2365: 2327: 2316:. Retrieved 2314:. IGI Global 2311: 2296:. Retrieved 2292:the original 2287: 2264: 2256:the original 2251: 2224:. Retrieved 2220: 2194: 2175: 2156: 2147: 2133:. Retrieved 2121: 2117: 2094: 2075: 2064:. Retrieved 2060: 2031: 2027: 2008: 1994:(2): 89–90. 1991: 1987: 1954: 1950: 1939:the original 1906:Bibliography 1879: 1875: 1869: 1855:(1): 91–95. 1852: 1848: 1838: 1826:. Retrieved 1822: 1812: 1803: 1799: 1752: 1748: 1727:. Retrieved 1723: 1696: 1684: 1674:September 9, 1672:. Retrieved 1668: 1658: 1633: 1629: 1604:. Retrieved 1599: 1595: 1585: 1574:. Retrieved 1567:the original 1562: 1558: 1545: 1537:the original 1526: 1512: 1492: 1459: 1455: 1449: 1432: 1428: 1422: 1413: 1409: 1403: 1392:. Retrieved 1385:the original 1356: 1352: 1339: 1314: 1310: 1304: 1293:. Retrieved 1289: 1280: 1269:. Retrieved 1265:the original 1260: 1251: 1239:. Retrieved 1210:. Retrieved 1205: 1183:September 9, 1181:. 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1576:2016-09-10 1394:2016-09-10 1295:2017-09-18 1271:2017-09-18 1050:2016-09-10 740:1110809226 564:2022-05-06 523:References 392:drug abuse 174:depression 144:, a brief 2987:Book tour 2960:incidents 2892:miniature 2887:fictional 2773:bookcases 2713:Bookmarks 2628:paperback 2623:hardcover 2443:0272-7358 2419:: 49–58. 2403:149427811 2395:0143-0343 2000:1030-5033 1971:0002-9564 1896:144230826 1828:April 23, 1769:145451210 1729:April 23, 1650:143528858 1435:(1): 58. 1331:151751295 988:145239329 942:cite book 880:170968026 748:cite book 665:0272-7358 641:: 49–58. 611:247522177 603:0889-3675 326:depressed 298:catharsis 219:Ramses II 182:self-harm 146:self-help 3084:Category 2997:Dog ears 2913:Formats 2909:Grimoire 2902:textbook 2853:Pakistan 2800:literacy 2778:bookends 2697:tsundoku 2581:Printing 2451:28993103 2048:71840009 1979:17760319 1861:10335256 1606:June 19, 1501:Archived 1476:18211216 1373:20406528 1241:March 2, 1212:March 2, 1037:20146202 802:19076670 673:28993103 287:grieving 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