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403:(Sampurna Kranti) Movement. Protests and closure of colleges and universities also occurred on 15 July. Some colleges started after that and examinations were held. JP told students to boycott examinations but many students appeared in examinations. He called for a three-day statewide strike starting from 3 October and addressed a massive public gathering on 6 October.
348:
provoked student opposition across Bihar. BCSS declared a statewide strike on 23 March. Meanwhile, JP visited
Gujarat to witness the Nav Nirman movement on 11 February and declared his intention to lead on 30 March 1974. BCSS approached JP to lead the agitation while he was withdrawing himself from
455:
declared Indira Gandhi's election to the Lok Sabha in 1971 void on grounds of electoral malpractice. The court thus ordered her to be removed from her seat in
Parliament and banned from running in elections for six years. It effectively removed her from the Prime Minister's office. She rejected
716:
685:
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and attended a conference of
Citizens for Democracy, an organization demanding civil rights, held on 13 and 14 April. During May 1974 various students' and peoples' organisations kept demanding dissolution of the assembly and also demanded the government's resignation, but did not succeed.
447:, because she did not want to give in to protestors' calls for the dissolution of the assembly as she did in Gujarat. JP kept travelling all across India, strengthening and uniting opposition parties to defeat Congress. The election in Gujarat was delayed until
732:
495:(a vehicle for the broad spectrum of the anti-Indira Gandhi opposition) was formed. Considered to be an election of newcomers, a huge crowd of youth activists and leaders used to gather before the residence of the Bihar Janta party president
410:
movement had done, but 42 out of 318 MLAs had resigned before that, including 33 from opposition parties. Many MLAs refused to resign. Government tried hard to stop people from reaching Patna for the movement and also
422:
government of Indira Gandhi. He realised the importance of fighting within the democratic system rather than a party-less democracy so he contacted opposition parties, which finally resulted in the formation of the
483:
even after he had asked for a month's parole for mobilising relief in areas of Bihar gravely affected by flooding. His health suddenly deteriorated on 24 October, and he was released on 12 November; diagnosis at
287:, causing the deaths of eight students on 17 August 1973 owing to their participation in the JP Movement. The Raina Enquiry Commission also confirm that the action of the then Congress Government in
399:, which resulted in the arrest of 1,600 agitators and 65 student leaders by 1 July 1974. He advocated a program of social transformation by participation of youth in social activities. He called it
333:
during a budget session on 18 March 1974. They blocked all roads to the assembly and damaged government properties, including the telephone exchange and the residence of former education minister
364:
On 1 April 1974, Indira Gandhi responded to the Bihar
Movement's demands for the removal of the elected government. She asked, "How can such persons who continue to seek favours from the
344:
convinced student leaders that he would look into demands. But students at colleges and universities kept protesting and damaging property. The killing of three students by police in
252:
movement resulted in the forced resignation of the
Gujarat government, student protests had already begun in Bihar. Unlike the Nav Nirman movement, political student outfits like
451:
went on a hunger strike demanding it be held. The election was held on 10 June and the result was declared on 12 June 1975, with
Congress losing. The same day(12 June 1975), the
499:. The Janata Party was voted into power, and became the first non-Congress party to form a government at the Centre in India. In Bihar, after the Janata Party came to power,
368:
people ... dare to speak of corruption?" A silent student procession of 10,000 was held in Patna on 8 April. On 12 April, government opponents died in police firing at
749:
700:
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as a Chief
Justice to get a favourable outcome in the case. JP opposed such a movement in his letters to Indira Gandhi and called for her to resign.
503:
won the chief ministership battle from the then Bihar Janata Party
President Satyendra Narayan Sinha to become the Bihar Chief Minister in 1977.
866:
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to safeguard her position on the night of 25 June 1975. Immediately after proclamation of emergency, prominent opposition political leaders
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After Indira Gandhi revoked the
Emergency on 21 March 1977 and announced elections, it was under JP's guidance that the
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269:
527:. It is one of the fastest train services in India, traversing a distance of 1001 kilometres in under 14 hours.
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were arrested without any prior notice, so were dissenting members of her own party. JP was held in custody at
615:
889:
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Students Union organized a convention which invited student leaders from the whole state. They formed
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Opposition parties called a statewide strike from 1973. This resulted in police firing on strikers in
443:, inviting arrest starting on 4 December. Indira Gandhi did not change the Chief Minister of Bihar,
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134:
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380:. People demonstrated by blocking roads such as NH 31 and imposing a self-curfew. JP went to
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8:
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488:, Bombay, revealed kidney failure; he would be on dialysis for the rest of his life.
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Excerpted from 'Indira Gandhi, the "emergency", and Indian democracy' published in
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167:
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228:, popularly known as JP. The movement later turned against Indian Prime Minister
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Total revolution: the final phase of
Jayaprakash Narayan's political philosophy
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was chosen as a president. Among the several contemporary youth leaders were
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515:, named in recognition of the Bihar Movement, started its service between
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calls to resign and went to the Supreme Court. She recommended President
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was in excess and the Government had not handled the situation properly.
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On 5 June, he told people at a Patna rally to organize a protest at the
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249:
217:
800:
Democracy and Dissent: (a Case Study of the Bihar Movement – 1974-75)
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Democracy and Dissent: (a Case Study of the Bihar Movement – 1974-75)
671:
Democracy and Dissent: (a Case Study of the Bihar Movement – 1974-75)
524:
461:
406:
Demanding the resignation of MLAs started on 4 November, much as the
232:'s government in the central government. It was also referred to as
16:
Unsuccessful socio-political movement in 1974-1975 in Bihar, India
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On 18 November, at a massive gathering at Patna, he spoke to the
322:. Their demands were related to education and food in hostels.
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520:
381:
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213:
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781:
India Since Independence: Making Sense of Indian Politics
578:
India Since Independence: Making Sense of Indian Politics
750:"Sampurna Kranti Express to be one of the fastest train"
224:. in 1974. It was led by the veteran Gandhian socialist
208:, was a political movement initiated by students in the
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programme. Students also demanded dissolution of the
876:
260:, Samajwadi Yuvajan Sabha (SYS) connected with
730:Ruled or Misruled: Story and Destiny of Bihar
839:. Satya Nilayam Publications. p. 285.
816:
74:Dissolution of Bihar legislative assembly
783:. Pearson Education India. p. 117.
581:. Pearson Education India. p. 117.
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268:took an active role in the JP movement.
779:Krishna, Ananth V. (1 September 2011).
778:
574:
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439:and volunteers kept protesting at the
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300:Bihar Chhatra Sangharsh Samiti (BCSS)
860:An Open Letter to Mrs. Indira Gandhi
802:. Mittal Publications. p. 260.
705:. Mittal Publications. p. 123.
674:. Mittal Publications. p. 260.
663:
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649:
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847:(Radiant Publications, Delhi, 1977)
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817:Nargolkar, Vasant Sadashiv (1975).
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13:
772:
537:
254:Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad
14:
921:
868:JP: the prophet of people's power
851:
830:. Jan Hit Prakashan. p. 304.
798:Tiwari, Lalan (1 December 1987).
719:from the original on 11 May 2018.
699:Tiwari, Lalan (1 December 1987).
688:from the original on 11 May 2018.
668:Tiwari, Lalan (1 December 1987).
644:
602:
435:The Bihar Movement turned into a
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885:History of the Republic of India
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905:History of Bihar (1947–present)
142:Bihar Sikshak Sangharsh Samiti
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723:
270:All India Students' Federation
144:Bihar Chhatra Sangharsh Samiti
1:
530:
900:Political movements in India
870:, The Hindu, 11 October 2002
302:to spearhead the agitation.
7:
845:Politics of the JP Movement
826:Sharma, Jai Kishan (1988).
819:JP's crusade for revolution
623:. Oxford University Press.
575:Krishna, Ananth V. (2011).
10:
926:
441:Bihar Legislative Assembly
397:Bihar Legislative Assembly
378:Bihar Legislative Assembly
331:Bihar Legislative Assembly
272:(AISF) connected with the
256:(ABVP) connected with the
467:She imposed a nationwide
337:, which was set on fire.
294:On 18 February 1974, the
238:Total Revolution Movement
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66:Corruption in public life
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52:
28:
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835:Raj, Sebasti L. (1986).
821:. S. Chand. p. 215.
513:Sampoorna Kranti Express
135:Indian National Congress
40:– 25 June 1975
517:Rajendra Nagar Terminal
497:Satyendra Narayan Sinha
477:Satyendra Narayan Sinha
374:Paralyse the Government
318:, Md Shahabuddin &
316:Chandradeo Prasad Verma
186:Satyendra Narayan Sinha
32:18 March 1974
361:
312:Bashistha Narain Singh
910:The Emergency (India)
858:Jayaprakash Narayan,
511:On 17 February 2002,
359:
614:Dhar, P. N. (2000).
453:Allahabad High Court
216:against misrule and
204:, also known as the
735:11 May 2018 at the
473:Jayaprakash Narayan
276:was also involved.
226:Jayaprakash Narayan
843:Radhakanta Barik,
756:. 10 February 2002
754:The Times of India
362:
325:BCSS called for a
310:, Narendra Singh,
163:Jayprakash Narayan
890:Protests in India
862:, 5 December 1975
809:978-81-7099-008-6
790:978-81-317-3465-0
712:978-81-7099-008-6
681:978-81-7099-008-6
630:978-0-19-564899-7
619:Business Standard
588:978-81-317-3465-0
431:End and aftermath
308:Sushil Kumar Modi
304:Lalu Prasad Yadav
283:, the capital of
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108:Did not succeed,
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296:Patna University
234:Sampoorna Kranti
222:state government
168:Shyam Sunder Das
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285:Madhya Pradesh
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57:Bihar, India
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636:23 November
594:22 November
460:to appoint
372:during the
206:JP movement
105:Resulted in
48:(emergency)
879:Categories
531:References
481:Chandigarh
458:V. V. Giri
437:Satyagraha
408:Nav Nirman
258:Jana Sangh
250:Nav Nirman
218:corruption
44:1975-06-25
36:1974-03-18
525:New Delhi
469:Emergency
462:A. N. Ray
248:When the
110:emergency
63:Caused by
739:, p. 298
733:Archived
717:Archived
686:Archived
420:Congress
415:people.
53:Location
760:8 April
366:moneyed
266:Lok Dal
220:in the
117:Parties
112:imposed
79:Methods
42: (
34: (
806:
787:
709:
678:
627:
585:
475:&
327:gherao
281:Bhopal
264:, and
99:strike
521:Patna
382:Delhi
346:Patna
214:Bihar
71:Goals
804:ISBN
785:ISBN
762:2021
707:ISBN
676:ISBN
638:2012
625:ISBN
596:2012
583:ISBN
523:and
370:Gaya
349:the
200:The
91:riot
29:Date
519:in
329:at
274:CPI
240:).
212:of
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715:.
684:.
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604:^
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236:(
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38:)
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