506:, when four Sukhothai regiments invaded along the expected route, they faced heavy resistance from Martanban defenses. Although Sukhothai troops eventually took Sittaung and Donwun, they were a spent force by then. Nonetheless, the depleted invasion army decided to march on to Martaban. It turned out to be a bad decision. The outnumbered invaders were decisively defeated en route by two Martaban armies consisted of nine regiments. E Law personally commanded one of the two armies. Only a few invaders escaped the carnage. So decisive was the defeat that Sukhothai would not send another invasion force. At any rate, Sukhothai and its successor
567:, he became king sometime between 23 May 1330 and 14 July 1330. Per (Pan Hla 2005: 41), King Saw Zein died in 692 ME, which began on 29 March 1330. Because Zein's two successors reigned for 7 and 49 days respectively, the earliest E Law could have become king is 56 days since the new year's day, or 23 May 1330. Furthermore, since Saw Zein died at age 26 (27th year), the latest he could have died is 3rd waxing of Nayon 692 ME (20 May 1330), the day before he would have turned 27 (entered his 28th year). That means, the latest date E Law could have ascended the throne is 14 July 1330, 56 days after 20 May 1330.
962:
271:
627:
March 1354). But (Mon
Yazawin 1922: 45) says that E Law reigned for 23 years and died in his 45th year (at age 44). (Phayre 1967: 67) accepts 18 years of reign and the 1348 death while (Harvey 1925: 368) accepts 23 years and 1353. (Htin Aung 1967: 338) says E Law died in an unknown year; he was followed by various claimants to the throne; and Binnya U emerged king in 1353. Pan Hla, the editor of the original 1968 edition of
588:(Phayre 1967: 66, footnote 1): Ayutthaya at its founding in 1350 claimed the entire Tenasserim coast from Tenasserim town in the south to Tavoy, Moulmein and Martaban in the north. (Phayre 1967: 66, footnote 1) does not accept that Martaban and Moulmein were subject to Ayutthaya. (Harvey 1925: 111) considers Tavoy to be the southern "frontier" between the two kingdoms.
626:
chronicle (Pan Hla 2005: 44) states he died in 710 ME (29 March 1348 to 28 March 1349) in his 41st year (at age 40), after 18 years of reign. Per (Pan Hla 2005: 44β48), the successor Binnya U faced external and internal enemies before emerging as the undisputed ruler by 715 ME (29 March 1353 to 28
518:
The war with
Sukhothai was costly. The fighting had destroyed the farms and able men throughout the region, and the country faced a famine. So chaotic were the conditions that one of the northern Burmese-speaking states may have raided Pegu. But Upper Burma itself was divided into multiple power
486:
was greatly angered by the assassination of his grandson, and considered the brief truce achieved during E's short reign null and void. (Prior to E's restoration of ties, Martaban had been at war with its erstwhile overlord throughout the 1320s over the control of the
605:(Bagan), taking advantage of the chaos, attacked Pegu. But the Pagan Kingdom had not existed since 1297, de facto, and since 1313, de jure. The attack, if occurred, must have come from either Prome or Toungoo, the two nominal vassal states of
522:
The rest of E Law's reign was largely non-eventful. He may still have ruled in the shadow of Sanda Min Hla. He did not designate his only son E Laung heir-apparent as Sanda Min Hla's only son
499:(Dawei) by 1330.) Martaban fully expected an invasion after the rainy season. The regime ordered defensive preparations along the expected invasion route: Sittaung, Donwun and Martaban.
530:
in which U defeated E Laung. The king was furious, and had U arrested. But he released U at the request of Sanda Min Hla and Tala Shin Saw Bok. His son died from smallpox soon after.
445:, son of King Saw O, on the throne, and made herself his chief queen. But the 16-year-old king quickly ran afoul of the powerful queen, and was poisoned 49 days later and died.
385:, the dynasty's founder. He was born on 13 March 1308. E Law only three years old in March 1311 when his father was assassinated in a coup organized by his aunt Princess
526:
also eyed the throne. The rivalry between the princes escalated in the 1340s when E Laung's health declined. The princes ended up fighting each other in an
950:
848:
29:
462:. At Martaban, he was consecrated king with Sanda Min Hla as his chief queen. The 22-year-old king also raised his other half-sister
1986:
288:
284:
579:(Pan Hla 2005: 43) calls the relationship an alliance but (Phayare 1967: 67) calls it "subordination" to "Siam" .
519:
centers, and was in no position to pose an existential threat to E Law's Mon-speaking fully independent kingdom.
433:
In 1330, E Law unexpectedly became king of
Martaban. Circa April of that year, King Saw Zein was assassinated by
943:
412:(r. 1323β1330). Zein, who was E Law's first cousin and brother-in-law, first appointed E Law as governor of
1971:
1943:
1835:
936:
1379:
966:
554:(Pan Hla 2005: 44): Wednesday, 5th waning of Late Tagu 669 ME = 13 March 1308 per (Eade 1989: 106).
495:
town in 1321, Sukhothai had been on the offensive since the mid-1320s, and retaken the coast up to
1894:
1269:
887:
792:
358:
The rest of his reign was largely uneventful except for the fierce rivalry between E Law's son
67:
1976:
1825:
1718:
1202:
408:
In the following years, E Law kept a low profile, and gained the trust of O's successor King
397:(r. 1311β1323) on the throne but spared the children of Hkun Law. E Law had two half-sisters
390:
1981:
1847:
1516:
1288:
1182:
778:
609:
that bordered the Pegu province of
Martaban. The event is not recorded in any of the main
441:
staged a counter coup a week later, and had the usurper executed. Queen Sanda then placed
8:
1601:
1566:
1496:
1327:
1145:
809:
796:(in Burmese). Translated by Shwe Naw. Yangon: Burma Publishing Workers Association Press.
769:
492:
450:
340:
189:
1733:
1591:
1449:
1259:
1207:
1140:
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448:
Queen Sanda now summoned her half-brother E Law to take over the throne. The chronicle
259:
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538:
The king died at age 40 in 1348/49 (or 44 in 1353/54). He was succeeded by Binnya U.
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483:
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402:
355:'s invasion in 1330β1331, ending Martaban's tributary status to the Siamese kingdom.
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458:(Mottama) by ship. He did not bring any of his concubines, and brought only his son
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E Law's immediate task was to contain the fallout from E's assassination. King
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366:. The king died soon after his son's death, and was succeeded by Binnya U.
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relates that E Law was wary of his sister, and reluctantly came to
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from 1330 to 1348. Placed on the throne by his half-sister Queen
236:
184:
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1339:
1298:
1071:
1031:
773:(in Burmese) (8th printing ed.). Yangon: Armanthit Sarpay.
382:
1676:
1364:
1349:
1016:
841:
510:
continued to claim
Martaban and Moulmein as its possessions.
496:
442:
394:
50:
176:
745:
History of Burma: From the
Earliest Times to 10 March 1824
437:, one of his senior officers. The king's chief queen
1952:
759:. New York and London: Cambridge University Press.
466:(Sanda Min Hla's younger sister) as queen. It was
1963:
631:, like Phayre, accepts the chronicle's version.
944:
958:
491:. While Martaban took the coast down to the
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502:Preparations paid off. According to the
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289:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
1964:
777:
739:
718:
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393:. The couple placed their eldest son
334:
747:. London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd.
13:
513:
14:
1998:
960:
269:
733:
616:
601:(Pan Hla 2005: 43) states that
591:
582:
779:Phayre, Lt. Gen. Sir Arthur P.
570:
563:Based on the reporting by the
557:
548:
1:
1987:14th-century Burmese monarchs
825:
638:
467:
369:
132:
128:
81:
77:
39:
1944:Confederation of Shan States
1836:Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom
428:
339:; 1308β1348/49) was king of
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10:
2003:
420:(Bago) by the late 1320s.
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175:Wednesday, 5th waning of
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377:E Law was a son of King
362:and Sanda Min Hla's son
1949:Brief revival (1550β52)
790:Shwe Naw, ed. (1922) .
381:, and a nephew of King
793:Mon Yazawin (Shwe Naw)
785:. London: Susil Gupta.
416:and later governor of
277:This article contains
1826:Mahadhammaraza Dipadi
917:mid 1320sβlate 1320s
914:Governor of Sittaung
391:Min Bala of Myaungmya
389:and her husband Gov.
42:June 1330 β late 1348
1940:Mongol vassal (1297)
1848:Smim Htaw Buddhaketi
1332:1287β1539, 1550β1552
336:[bΙΙ²Γ‘ΚΙΜlΙΜ]
199:late 1348 (aged 40)
120:Governor of Sittaung
1972:Hanthawaddy dynasty
1937:Regent or Co-Regent
1328:Hanthawaddy Kingdom
770:Razadarit Ayedawbon
701:Pan Hla 2005: 38β41
629:Razadarit Ayedawbon
624:Razadarit Ayedawbon
599:Razadarit Ayedawbon
577:Razadarit Ayedawbon
565:Razadarit Ayedawbon
451:Razadarit Ayedawbon
347:, this son of King
1592:Muni Thudhammaraza
1260:Kale Kye-Taung Nyo
1208:Minbyauk Thihapate
1012:Kunhsaw Kyaunghpyu
757:A History of Burma
611:Burmese chronicles
528:elephant-back duel
474:War with Sukhothai
260:Theravada Buddhism
1959:
1958:
1637:Sanda Thuriya III
1390:Binnya Dhammaraza
1067:Naratheinga Uzana
1007:Nyaung-u Sawrahan
927:
926:
920:Succeeded by
895:Succeeded by
883:
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464:Tala Shin Saw Bok
403:Tala Shin Saw Bok
285:rendering support
265:
264:
218:Tala Shin Saw Bok
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1994:
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967:Burmese monarchs
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892:late 1320sβ1330
888:Governor of Pegu
877:
871:Preceded by
849:King of Martaban
839:Preceded by
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783:History of Burma
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727:Pan Hla 2005: 44
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190:Martaban Kingdom
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41:
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1738:
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1597:Sanda Thuriya I
1587:Wara Dhammaraza
1577:Sanda Thudhamma
1557:Thiri Thudhamma
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1444:
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287:, you may see
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1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1451:
1447:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1425:Binnya Ran II
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1329:
1325:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1289:Thihathura II
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1265:Mohnyin Thado
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1219:
1215:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1167:
1163:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1082:Narathihapate
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
984:
982:
976:
975:Pagan dynasty
972:
968:
963:
954:
949:
947:
942:
940:
935:
934:
931:
915:
909:
903:
899:
890:
889:
882:
881:
875:
869:
866:Royal titles
864:
860:
853:1330β1348/49
851:
850:
843:
837:
832:
824:
818:13 March 1308
817:
812:
811:
805:Binnya E Law
802:
795:
794:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
771:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
741:Harvey, G. E.
738:
737:
724:
722:
712:
710:
708:
698:
689:
687:
677:
668:
666:
664:
662:
660:
650:
648:
643:
630:
625:
619:
612:
608:
604:
600:
594:
585:
578:
573:
566:
560:
551:
547:
539:
531:
529:
525:
520:
511:
509:
505:
500:
498:
494:
490:
485:
481:
471:
465:
461:
457:
453:
452:
446:
444:
440:
439:Sanda Min Hla
436:
421:
419:
415:
411:
406:
404:
400:
399:Sanda Min Hla
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
367:
365:
361:
356:
354:
350:
346:
345:Sanda Min Hla
342:
337:
325:
321:
315:
311:
307:
303:
294:
290:
286:
282:
280:
261:
258:
254:
251:
248:
244:
240:
238:
234:
231:
228:
226:
222:
219:
215:
214:Sanda Min Hla
212:
208:
198:
194:
191:
186:
182:
178:
172:
168:
164:
161:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
127:
123:
118:
115:
112:
108:
104:
100:
94:
91:
87:
80:late 1320s β
76:
72:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
52:
49:
45:
38:
34:
31:
27:
22:Binnya E Law
20:
1977:1340s deaths
1786:Minye Deibba
1761:Tabinshwehti
1719:Thado Minsaw
1672:Sanda Parama
1652:Sanda Wizala
1632:Sanda Wizaya
1435:Smim Sawhtut
1410:Leik Munhtaw
1395:Binnya Ran I
1370:Binnya E Law
1369:
1313:Narapati III
1285:Minkhaung II
1230:Thado Minbya
1198:Anawrahta II
1117:Yazathingyan
1052:Naratheinkha
913:
907:
897:
886:
879:
878:
847:
822:
815:
808:
791:
782:
768:
765:Pan Hla, Nai
756:
744:
734:Bibliography
697:
676:
628:
623:
618:
598:
593:
584:
576:
572:
564:
559:
550:
537:
521:
517:
503:
501:
477:
449:
447:
432:
407:
387:Hnin U Yaing
373:
357:
320:Binnya E Law
319:
318:
305:
302:Burmese name
276:
131:mid 1320s β
1982:1308 births
1910:Tharrawaddy
1885:Hsinbyushin
1880:Naungdawgyi
1853:Binnya Dala
1781:Anaukpetlun
1472:Ba Saw Phyu
1405:Binnya Kyan
1400:Binnya Waru
1318:Narapati IV
1294:Narapati II
1245:Minkhaung I
1188:Anawrahta I
470:June 1330.
140:Predecessor
89:Predecessor
47:Predecessor
1966:Categories
1875:Alaungpaya
1766:Bayinnaung
1756:Mingyi Nyo
1724:Bayin Htwe
1662:Nara Apaya
1647:Narapawara
1617:Naradipati
1612:Kalamandat
1492:Salingathu
1482:Ba Saw Nyo
1420:Dhammazedi
1415:Shin Sawbu
1280:Thihathura
1275:Narapati I
1235:Swa Saw Ke
1203:Tarabya II
1146:Kyawswa II
1113:Athinkhaya
1062:Htilominlo
1037:Kyansittha
639:References
493:Tenasserim
370:Early life
332:pronounced
314:given name
187:(Mottama)
135:late 1320s
1946:(1527β55)
1900:Bodawpaya
1867:1752β1885
1840:1740β1757
1816:Sanay Min
1776:Nyaungyan
1748:1510β1752
1734:Minkhaung
1711:1482β1542
1607:Mayuppiya
1517:Minkhaung
1454:1429β1785
1440:Smim Htaw
1430:Takayutpi
1385:Razadarit
1380:Maha Dewi
1308:Hkonmaing
1303:Thohanbwa
1222:1364β1555
1183:Tarabya I
1170:1315β1364
1141:Kyawswa I
1105:1297β1364
1097:Myinsaing
1027:Anawrahta
922:Smin Ngaw
828:late 1348
781:(1967) .
767:(2005) .
508:Ayutthaya
504:Razadarit
484:Sukhothai
429:Accession
353:Sukhothai
351:defeated
328:ααα¬αΈα‘α²αα±α¬
310:honorific
203:Martaban
177:Late Tagu
151:Smin Ngaw
148:Successor
102:Successor
96:(as king)
84:June 1330
57:Successor
24:ααα¬αΈα‘α²αα±α¬
1905:Bagyidaw
1895:Phaungka
1806:Narawara
1729:Narapati
1667:Thirithu
1602:Nawrahta
1567:Narapati
1552:Khamaung
1542:Phalaung
1502:Gazapati
1487:Ran Aung
1375:Binnya U
1360:Zein Pun
1355:Saw Zein
1345:Hkun Law
1250:Thihathu
1156:Uzana II
1126:Thihathu
1121:Thihathu
1057:Sithu II
1002:Theinhko
979:849β1297
874:Saw Zein
859:Binnya U
755:(1967).
743:(1925).
524:Binnya U
480:Loe Thai
456:Martaban
435:Zein Pun
414:Sittaung
410:Saw Zein
379:Hkun Law
364:Binnya U
349:Hkun Law
341:Martaban
312:, not a
300:In this
256:Religion
250:Hkun Law
185:Martaban
160:Saw Zein
114:Saw Zein
93:Saw Zein
61:Binnya U
1796:Pindale
1657:Madarit
1547:Razagyi
1532:Saw Hla
1522:Min Bin
1512:Thazata
1462:Saw Mon
1255:Min Hla
1240:Tarabya
1178:Saw Yun
1151:Narathu
1131:Uzana I
1087:Kyawswa
1047:Narathu
1042:Sithu I
1022:Sokkate
987:Pyinbya
908:unknown
898:unknown
880:as king
324:Burmese
210:Consort
156:Monarch
110:Monarch
1925:Thibaw
1920:Mindon
1791:Thalun
1537:Sekkya
1527:Dikkha
1477:Dawlya
1340:Wareru
1299:Sawlon
1193:Kyaswa
1072:Kyaswa
1032:Saw Lu
992:Tannet
821:
810:Wareru
383:Wareru
375:Binnya
308:is an
306:Binnya
246:Father
241:Wareru
201:710 ME
1915:Pagan
1890:Singu
1771:Nanda
1677:Apaya
1572:Thado
1562:Sanay
1507:Saw O
1467:Khayi
1365:Saw E
1350:Saw O
1136:Sithu
1077:Uzana
1017:Kyiso
842:Saw E
823:Died:
816:Born:
607:Pinya
603:Pagan
542:Notes
534:Death
497:Tavoy
443:Saw E
424:Reign
395:Saw O
237:House
225:Issue
125:Reign
74:Reign
51:Saw E
36:Reign
1497:Raza
1301:and
1287:and
1119:and
1099:and
997:Sale
622:The
597:The
418:Pegu
401:and
196:Died
179:669
170:Born
1801:Pye
482:of
1968::
1115:,
826:c.
720:^
706:^
685:^
658:^
646:^
468:c.
405:.
330:,
326::
304:,
181:ME
133:c.
129:c.
82:c.
78:c.
40:c.
952:e
945:t
938:v
613:.
322:(
316:.
295:.
281:.
143:?
105:?
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