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703:, general counsel of the American Civil Liberties Union, with Fulgencio Pinero, Emilio Belaval, Jose Davila Rice, Antonio Ayuso Valdivieso, Manuel Diaz Garcia, and Franscisco M. Zeno, as members, concluded that the police acted as a mob, and that the events on March 21 constituted a massacre. Their report harshly criticized the repressive tactics and massive civil rights violations by the administration of Governor Winship.
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Winship also recruited a new police chief, E. Francis Riggs, whose background was in military intelligence, and whose immediate prior occupation had been to "advise" Anastasio Somoza in
Nicaragua. Together, Winship and Riggs spent their weekends inspecting the new vigorous police training camps (modeled after military boot camps) which they created throughout the island.
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As governor, Winship's primary mission was to crush the Puerto Rican
Nationalist Party, by imprisoning its leadership and intimidating the rank-and-file membership. Upon arrival he immediately set out to "militarize" the Insular Police force, arming it with machine guns and riot control equipment.
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to commemorate the 1873 abolition of slavery, only an hour before it was to have begun. Winship ordered the police chief to increase the police presence in the city to stop, "by all means necessary", any demonstration by the nationalists. When the march continued anyway, the police fired upon the
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In his 5 years as
Governor of Puerto Rico, Mr. Blanton Winship destroyed the last vestige of civil rights in Puerto Rico. Patriots were framed in the very executive mansion and railroaded to prison. Men, women, and children were massacred in the streets of the island simply because they dared to
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During the
SpanishâAmerican War, Winship joined the 1st Georgia Infantry, a volunteer force. After the war, President Theodore Roosevelt appointed Winship to become a judge advocate in the Army's Judge Advocate General's Corps. His duties, through 1917, included teaching at the United States
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convened to investigate the Ponce events, but it was closed before it could indict anyone. The prosecutor investigating the case reported at a news conference that
Governor Winship was interfering with his investigation and resigned under protest. Almost simultaneously with the prosecutor's
854:
Joshua
Kastenberg, To Raise and Discipline an Army: Major General Enoch Crowder, the Judge Advocate General's Office, and the Realignment of Civil and Military Relations in World War I. DeKalb : Northern Illinois University Press, , 72â83
535:. This was in part due to major strikes that had taken place that year, causing the administration to fear social unrest. Colonel Francis Riggs accompanied Winship as chief of police. Riggs formerly had assisted
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retaliated by killing Col. Riggs in San Juan. Captured, both Rosado and
Beauchamp were executed at the police headquarters without trial. No law enforcement officer ever stood trial for the executions.
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Aida Belen Rivera Ruiz, Certifying
Official, and Juan Llanes Santos, Historian, and Jacqueline Pagan, Architect. Puerto Rico Historic Preservation Office. (San Juan, Puerto Rico) October 11, 2005. In
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of April 14, 1937, page 4499. Congressman Vito
Marcantonio of New York also criticized Winship, and in 1939, President Roosevelt eventually replaced him as governor of Puerto Rico.
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for Puerto Rico was (per capita) far below either that of the mainland or Hawaii. This lack of spending contributed to the poverty of the island, and in turn to social unrest.
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1008:, The World of Piri Thomas: Piri Thomas official website. Note: The entire speech is contained in the Congressional Record of August 14, 1939. Part of it reads:
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909:. United States Department of the Interior. National Park Service. (Washington, D.C.) Section 8, Page 5. Listing Reference Number 05001098. October 20, 2005.
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marchers and bystanders. They killed 19 people and wounded more than 200, all of whom were unarmed. 150 protesters were arrested. This event, called the
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the governor and managed to fire several shots before being killed by the police (one police officer was also killed in the attempted assassination).
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The following year, Governor
Winship moved the celebration of the 40th anniversary of the United States invasion of Puerto Rico from the traditional
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590:. RamĂłn S. Pagan, Pedro Quiñones, Eduardo RodrĂguez Vera, JosĂ© Santiago Barea and a bystander were killed. On February 23, 1936, the nationalists
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Following these events, the government rounded up numerous Nationalist Party members and charged them with sedition. The party's president,
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who were arrested in the country. Winship retired in 1944. At 75, he was at that time the oldest Army officer on active duty.
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571:'s policies toward the island (Interior had responsibility for territories and insular affairs). Relief spending during the
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and retrial, six were sentenced to life in prison. Because the prosecutors were appointed by Governor Winship, Congressmen
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Relatives of victims killed in the Ponce massacre. Machine gun bullet holes are visible in the wall. (Ponce, Puerto Rico)
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During World War II, Winship returned to active duty. During this time, he served as one of the presiding judges of a
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location to the city of Ponce. During this celebration, on July 25, 1938, Ăngel Esteban Antongiorgi attempted to
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laws from applying to Puerto Rico, as it would have doubled the hourly wage of 12.5 cents which was standard for
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Following the war, Winship returned to military law. He was appointed to serve as a military aide to President
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Reed, Thomas Walter (1949). Chapter XVII: "Athletics at the University from the Beginning Through 1947", in
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removed Winship from office on May 12, 1939, after charges were filed against him by New York Congressman
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Governor Winship (left) meeting with Virgin Islands governor Lawrence W. Cramer (standing) and Senator
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as Winship's successor, although Leahy did not take office for several months (during which time
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When World War I broke out, he fought in France and led several campaigns. Winship commanded the
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Winship died in Washington, aged 77, and was buried at the Rosehill Cemetery in Georgia.
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Top Army Lawyer Also Was A Combat HeroâŠWinship's Record In Puerto Rico Was Hardly Heroic
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was repealed, effectively granting Governor Winship immunity from further prosecution.
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while also serving as the Staff Judge Advocate of First Army. Winship was awarded the
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American Gunfight: The Plot to Kill Harry Truman â And the Shoot-Out That Stopped It
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Following these events, many of the leaders of the Nationalist party were tried for
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gave a speech on April 14 denouncing the action. The full speech can be seen in the
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in Rio Piedras, a neighboring town next to San Juan. The event became known as the
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of the Army, a position he held from 1931 to his retirement from service in 1933.
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Congressional turmoil continued to cloud the Winship governorship and President
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National Register of Historic Places Registration Form â Casa de la Masacre
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During his time in office, Winship fought to exclude the recently passed
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was covering the march and took this photograph when the shooting began.
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suggested that this may have contributed to a bias in Winship's favor.
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Military Academy and authoring, with John Henry Wigmore, the dean of
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949:(in Spanish). Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña. pp. 50â65.
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law school, the Army's first rules of evidence for courts-martial.
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investigation, a federal law which allowed public officials to be
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American military lawyer and Governor of Puerto Rico (1869â1947)
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express their opinion or attempted to meet in free assemblage."
666:, sparked outrage across the island and in the U.S. Congress.
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Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United States)
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Carlos Torres Morales, a photo journalist for the newspaper
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Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
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American military personnel of the SpanishâAmerican War
606:, and others were sentenced to 10 years in prison by a
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Players of American football from Georgia (U.S. state)
403:(November 23, 1869 â October 9, 1947) was an American
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Luis Muñoz MarĂn: Puerto Rico's Democratic Revolution
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Luis Muñoz MarĂn: Puerto Rico's Democratic Revolution
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in 1893, where he also played football for one year.
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A second panel, an independent investigation led by
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by Robert F. Dorr, Puerto Rico Herald. May 3, 2004.
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
488:, France, November 9, 1918." He also received the
1570:Judge Advocates General of the United States Army
1138:The Judge Advocate General's Corps: "Our History"
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968:Feagin, Joe R.; Feagin, Clairece Booher (2007).
835:, Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press.
578:In October 1935, the Insular Police killed four
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711:Following the events of the Ponce massacre, a
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1580:Military personnel from Georgia (U.S. state)
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1620:United States Army generals of World War II
1615:United States Army personnel of World War I
1111:"Nazi Saboteur Commission, Vol. 3, 293-457"
447:in 1889. He received a law degree from the
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484:for "extraordinary heroism in action near
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947:Verdadera historia de la Masacre de Ponce
762:in the United States during the trial of
159:February 5, 1934 â June 25, 1939
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
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531:as governor of Puerto Rico, succeeding
474:110th Infantry Regiment (United States)
415:. During his career, he served both as
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478:28th Infantry Division (United States)
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1059:"History: The Ponce Massacre (1937)"
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926:(in Spanish). proyectosalonhogar.com
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867:, The Judge Advocate General's Corps
833:History of the University of Georgia
476:and 118th Infantry Regiments in the
49:adding citations to reliable sources
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527:In 1934, Winship was appointed by
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1560:Georgia Bulldogs football players
1209:February 5, 1934 â June 25, 1939
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1159:Mike Dover (February 16, 2008).
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784:List of governors of Puerto Rico
742:. President Roosevelt appointed
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36:needs additional citations for
1550:American murderers of children
996:Congressman Vito Marcantonio,
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580:Puerto Rican Nationalist Party
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1605:Recipients of the Silver Star
1515:indicate acting officeholders
945:Medina VĂĄzquez, RaĂșl (2001).
669:The Minnesota Representative
492:for gallantry in action near
1625:University of Georgia alumni
1030:. Simon and Schuster. 2005.
1015:Retrieved November 23, 2009.
750:served as acting governor).
439:Blanton Winship was born in
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1610:United States Army generals
1420:Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
970:Racial and Ethnic Relations
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608:United States federal court
564:Winship criticized many of
503:. Eventually he became the
482:Distinguished Service Cross
384:Distinguished Service Medal
380:Distinguished Service Cross
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1585:People from Macon, Georgia
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1085:"Attempted assassination"
972:. Pearson/Prentice Hall.
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566:Secretary of the Interior
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435:Early life and education
407:and veteran of both the
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1205:Governor of Puerto Rico
511:Governor of Puerto Rico
423:and as the governor of
362:Pancho Villa Expedition
348:118th Infantry Regiment
343:110th Infantry Regiment
147:Governor of Puerto Rico
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924:Enciclopedia Ilustrada
764:eight German saboteurs
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505:Judge Advocate General
417:Judge Advocate General
338:Judge Advocate General
1265:Colony of Puerto Rico
1194:Benjamin Jason Horton
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998:Five Years of Tyranny
920:"La Masacre de Ponce"
837:imprint pp. 3432â3433
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449:University of Georgia
443:, and graduated from
309:Years of service
180:Benjamin Jason Horton
168:Franklin D. Roosevelt
1161:"Blanton C. Winship"
865:"Regimental History"
701:Arthur Garfield Hays
675:Congressional Record
588:RĂo Piedras massacre
409:SpanishâAmerican War
358:SpanishâAmerican War
45:improve this article
707:Removal from office
604:Pedro Albizu Campos
1186:Political offices
1004:2012-01-12 at the
842:2016-02-01 at the
813:Puerto Rico portal
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421:United States Army
401:Blanton C. Winship
303:United States Army
254:Rose Hill Cemetery
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1212:Succeeded by
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1089:The Macleay Argus
889:A. W. Maldonado,
876:A. W. Maldonado,
760:military tribunal
533:Robert Hayes Gore
445:Mercer University
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1067:. Retrieved
1063:the original
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38:verification
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1540:1947 deaths
1535:1869 births
1484:R. RossellĂł
1459:P. RossellĂł
1429:Muñoz MarĂn
1267:(1898â1949)
1174:October 30,
1120:October 17,
1095:October 31,
729:assassinate
655:Palm Sunday
490:Silver Star
425:Puerto Rico
413:World War I
388:Silver Star
366:World War I
175:Preceded by
1529:Categories
1491:(de facto)
713:grand jury
559:plantation
496:, France.
486:Lachaussee
273:Allegiance
260:Profession
215:1869-11-23
101:March 2021
71:newspapers
1500:Pierluisi
1489:Pierluisi
1353:Roosevelt
1325:Benedicto
1043:March 17,
955:250032826
736:Roosevelt
686:hung jury
561:workers.
556:sugarcane
537:Nicaragua
314:1942â1944
312:1898â1933
164:President
155:In office
1464:CalderĂłn
1405:Gallardo
1393:Gallardo
1358:Beverley
1348:Beverley
1304:Winthrop
1219:(acting)
1198:(acting)
1002:Archived
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718:indicted
334:Commands
263:Military
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182:(acting)
1513:Italics
1474:Fortuño
1375:Winship
930:July 8,
419:of the
226:Georgia
85:scholar
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1343:Towner
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1284:Herny
1274:Miles
820:Notes
770:Death
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222:Macon
92:JSTOR
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1363:Gore
1309:Post
1299:Hunt
1176:2011
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1032:ISBN
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951:OCLC
932:2015
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