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476:), Sands approached a man who he knew to be connected to the IRA and told him he would like to join; the man told Bobby to think it over as things in Rathcoole were bad and Catholics in the area were very isolated. Later that year, the same man from the pub spotted Bobby playing football on a pitch near the Sands house. As an initiation, he asked Sands to transport a gun from Rathcoole to Glengormley because the local IRA volunteer who was supposed to do the job had failed to show up. Bobby left the game on the spot, changed clothes and took the gun. This is when Bobby's involvement with the IRA began in earnest, according to O'Hearn:
575:", wherein prisoners refused to wash and smeared the walls of their cells with excrement. Sands wrote about the brutality of Maze prison guards: "The screws removed me from my cell naked and I was conveyed to the punishment block in a blacked out van. As I stepped out of the van on arrival there they grabbed me from all sides and began punching and kicking me to the ground ... they dragged me by the hair across a stretch of hard core rubble to the gate of the punishment block. The full weight of my body recoiled forward again, smashing my head against the corrugated iron covering around the gate."
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519:. Leaving behind two wounded, Seamus Martin and Gabriel Corbett, the remaining four (Sands, McDonnell, Seamus Finucane, and Sean Lavery) tried to escape by car, but were arrested. One of the revolvers used in the attack was found in the car. On 7 September 1977, the four men were sentenced to 14 years for possession of the revolver. They were not charged with explosive offences.
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827:, condemned Sands, describing the hunger strike as a form of violence. However, he noted that this was his personal view. The Catholic Church's official stance was that ministrations should be provided to the hunger strikers who, believing their sacrifice to be for a higher good, were acting in good conscience.
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desert prison of Nafha sent a letter, which was smuggled out and reached
Belfast in July 1981, which read: "To the families of Bobby Sands and his martyred comrades. We, revolutionaries of the Palestinian people...extend our salutes and solidarity with you in the confrontation against the oppressive
459:
in 1970. He worked there for less than a year, enduring constant harassment from his
Protestant co-workers, which according to several co-workers he ignored completely, as he wished to learn a meaningful trade. He was eventually confronted after leaving his shift in January 1971 by a number of his
850:
and predominantly sympathetic to unionists; Celtic fans are traditionally more likely to support nationalists. Celtic fans regularly sing the republican song "The Roll of Honour", which commemorates the 10 men who died in the 1981 hunger strike, amongst other songs in support of the IRA. Sands is
1029:
Terrorism goes far beyond the expression of political belief. And dealing with it does not allow for compromise as many countries of
Western Europe and United States have learned. The bombing of bars, hotels, restaurants, robbing of banks, abductions, and killings of prominent figures are all
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used the hunger strike to move his countrymen to abstain from fratricide. Bobby Sands's deliberate slow suicide is intended to precipitate civil war. The former deserved veneration and influence. The latter would be viewed, in a reasonable world, not as a charismatic martyr but as a fanatical
1018:
wrote that "Britain's prime minister
Thatcher is right in refusing to yield political status to Bobby Sands, the Irish Republican Army hunger striker", but added that by appearing "unfeeling and unresponsive" the British Government was giving Sands "the crown of martyrdom". The
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started with Sands refusing food on 1 March 1981. Sands decided that other prisoners should join the strike at staggered intervals to maximise publicity, with prisoners steadily deteriorating successively over several months. The hunger strike centred on five demands:
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candidate. His death and those of nine other hunger strikers was followed by a surge of IRA recruitment and activity. International media coverage brought attention to the hunger strikers, and the republican movement in general, attracting both praise and criticism.
448:, had considerably worsened, and the minority Catholic population there found itself under siege. Despite always having had Protestant friends, Sands suddenly found that none of them would even speak to him, and he quickly learned to associate only with Catholics.
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of 5 May 1981 claimed that the hunger strike made Sands "a hero among Irish
Republicans, or nationalists, seeking the reunion of Protestant-dominated and British-ruled Northern Ireland with the independent and predominantly Catholic Irish Republic to the south".
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district is also named after Sands. An official blue and white street sign was affixed to the rear wall of the
British embassy compound saying (in Persian) "Bobby Sands Street" with three words of explanation "militant Irish guerrilla". The official
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and a water container. Books, radios and other personal items were not permitted, although a Bible and some
Catholic pamphlets were provided. Sands refused to wear a prison uniform, so was kept naked in his cell for twenty-two days without access to
1209:, with the group obtaining many more members and increasing its fund-raising capability. Both nationalists and unionists began to harden their attitudes and move towards political extremes. Sands's Westminster seat was taken by his election agent,
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terrorist rule enforced upon the Irish people by the
British ruling elite. We salute the heroic struggle of Bobby Sands and his comrades, for they have sacrificed the most valuable possession of any human being. They gave their lives for freedom."
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The Green
Brigade supporters displayed a banner of Sands alongside Scottish warrior William Wallace, in an effort to highlight hypocrisy of the Scottish government, which has jailed Celtic fans for singing Republican songs in commemoration of
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W.D. Flackes and Sydney
Elliott, "Northern Ireland: A Political Directory" (Blackstaff Press, Belfast, 1999), at p. 550, notes that at the 1981 District Council elections on 20 May 1981, "the results showed a decline in support for centre
701:. The sudden vacancy in a seat with a nationalist majority of about 5,000 was a valuable opportunity for Sands's supporters "to raise public consciousness". Pressure not to split the vote led other nationalist parties, notably the
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commented, a few days before Sands's death, that "he slow suicide attempt of Bobby Sands has cast his land and his cause into another downward spiral of death and despair. There are no heroes in the saga of Bobby Sands". The
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called Bobby Sands's death "heroic". There have been claims that the British pressured Iranian authorities to change the name of Bobby Sands Street but this was denied. A burger bar in Tehran is named in honour of Sands.
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Sands was arrested and charged in October 1972 with possession of four handguns found in the house where he was staying. He was convicted in April 1973, sentenced to five years imprisonment, and released in April 1976.
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scum" and to never come back if he valued his life. He later said that this event was the point at which he decided that militancy was the only solution. In late 1971 while working as a barman at the Glen Inn (a pub in
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from being nominated as candidates in British elections. The enactment of the law, as a response to the election of Sands, consequently prevented other hunger strikers from being elected to the House of Commons.
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Sands soon recruited some of his mates into a small auxiliary unit of about six or seven volunteers. Bobby was their section leader. They were isolated, so they worked with other volunteers from surrounding
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In 1961, after experiencing harassment and intimidation from their neighbours, the family abandoned the development and moved in with friends for six months before being granted housing in the nearby
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mentioned in the line "They stood beside their leader – the gallant Bobby Sands." Rangers' taunts have since been adopted by the travelling support of other UK clubs, particularly those with strong
489:, where Sands, now thoroughly embittered, rejoined them. By 1973, almost every Catholic family had been driven out of Rathcoole by violence and intimidation, although there were some who remained.
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described it as "another tragic page in the grim chronicle of oppression, discrimination, terror, and violence" in Ireland. Many French towns and cities have streets named after Sands, including
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club, an unusual circumstance in Northern Ireland, known as Stella Maris, the same as the school Sands attended and where the training was held. Sands was a member of this club and played
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1452:, stating that "Bobby did not die for cross-border bodies with executive powers. He did not die for nationalists to be equal British citizens within the Northern Ireland state."
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football tournament was cancelled following the refusal of teams from England and Wales to travel to Northern Ireland in the aftermath of his death, due to security concerns.
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756:'s report recorded the hunger strikers' causes of death as "self-imposed starvation", amended to simply "starvation" following protests by the dead strikers' families. The
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567:" in 1976, in which the prisoners refused to wear prison uniforms and wore blankets instead. In 1978, after a number of attacks on prisoners leaving their cells to "
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In June 1972, Sands's parents' home was attacked and damaged by a loyalist mob and they were again forced to move, this time to the West Belfast Catholic area of
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said Margaret Thatcher had allowed a fellow Member of Parliament to die of starvation, an incident which had never before occurred "in a civilised country".
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said, "Mr Sands was a convicted criminal. He chose to take his own life. It was a choice that his organisation did not allow to many of its victims".
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709:/Armagh Political Prisoner". After a highly polarised campaign, Sands narrowly won the seat on 9 April 1981, with 30,493 votes to 29,046 for the
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1072:, a memorial was dedicated to Bobby Sands and the other hunger strikers in 1997, the only one of its kind in the United States. Set up by the
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did not participate. Protest marches were organised against the British government and in tribute to Sands and his fellow hunger strikers.
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took a negative view towards Sands saying "the British Government was right and was simply trying to blackmail the state with his life."
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recorded verdicts of "starvation, self-imposed". Sands was one of 22 Irish republicans (in the 20th century) who died on hunger-strike.
437:. There was another youth club in nearby Greencastle called Star of the Sea and many boys went there when the Stella Maris club closed.
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and local Irish-Americans, it stands in a traffic island known as Bobby Sands Circle at the bottom of Maple Avenue near Goodwin Park.
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development. Rathcoole was 30% Catholic and featured Catholic schools as well as a nominally Catholic, but religiously mixed, youth
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Upon his release, he returned to his family home in West Belfast, and resumed his active role in the Provisional IRA. Sands and
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members who were involved in the 1981 Irish Hunger Strike died after Sands. On the day of Sands's funeral, Unionist leader
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2011:
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A number of political, religious, union and fund-raising institutions chose to honour Sands in the United States. The
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Secret diary written during the first seventeen days of his hunger strike, before being moved to the prison hospital.
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was passed through parliament. As a result of the Act, other prisoners on hunger strike were unable to stand in the
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He left school in 1969 at age 15, and enrolled in Newtownabbey Technical College, beginning an apprenticeship as a
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Some American critics and journalists suggested that American press coverage was a "melodrama". Edward Langley of
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over banners depicting Sands with a political message, which were displayed during a game on 26 November 2013 by
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on 14 October 1976. The showroom was destroyed but as the IRA men left the scene there was a gun battle with the
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607:, and "Sad Song for Susan", which was also later recorded. The melody of "Back Home in Derry" was borrowed from
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quoted Sands as saying "If I die, God will understand" and "Tell everyone I'll see them somewhere, sometime".
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at the time. Sands died in prison less than a month later, without ever having taken his seat in the Commons.
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said it was "sad that successive British governments have failed to end the last of Europe's religious wars".
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Sands died on 5 May 1981 in the Maze's prison hospital after 66 days on hunger strike, aged 27. The original
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in 1954 to John and Rosaleen Sands. After marrying, they relocated to the new development of Abbots Cross,
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the right of free association with other prisoners, and to organise educational and recreational pursuits;
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In Providence, Rhode Island a monument to Sands and the other hunger strikers was unveiled in May 2023.
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Immediately after his sentencing, Sands was implicated in a fight and sent to the punishment block in
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Nothing but an unfinished song : Bobby Sands, the Irish hunger striker who ignited a generation
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criticised the large pro-IRA Irish-American contingent which "swallow IRA propaganda as if it were
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Celtic Football Club has been fined €50,000 over a banner depicting IRA hunger-striker Bobby Sands
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783:. More than 100,000 people lined the route of Sands's funeral from St. Luke's Catholic Church in
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422:, were born in 1955 and 1958, respectively. He also had a younger brother, John, born in 1962.
370:. Sands was arrested while trying to escape and sentenced to 14 years for firearms possession.
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of the "hero-martyr" genre in which Sands's "intellectual, artistic and moral qualities" are
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1973. His son, Gerard, was born 8 May 1973. Noade soon left with Gerard to live in England.
887:, thousands marched "behind a huge portrait of Sands, to chants of 'the IRA will conquer'".
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to Irish republicans, and the announcement of his death prompted several days of rioting in
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reported that the primary aim of the hunger strike was to generate international publicity.
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Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Fermanagh and South Tyrone (since 1950)
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2673:. Vol. 75, no. 206. Lakeland, Florida. Associated Press. 16 May 1981. p. 11A
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The death of Sands resulted in a new surge of IRA activity and an immediate escalation in
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which prevents prisoners serving jail terms of more than one year in either the UK or the
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under the pseudonym "Marcella" (his sister's name). Other writings attributed to him are:
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While in prison, Sands had several letters and articles published in the Republican paper
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in New York announced a 24-hour boycott of British ships. Over 1,000 people gathered in
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559:. Republican prisoners organised a series of protests seeking to regain their previous
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suicide, whose regrettable death provides no sufficient occasion for killing others".
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held the same year, two anti H-block candidates won seats on an abstentionist basis.
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for Northern Ireland. Irish pubs in the city were closed for two hours in mourning.
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Lash, Scott & Lury, Celia, "Global Culture Industry: The Mediation of Things",
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Songs written in response to the hunger strikes and Sands's death include songs by
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The significance of the hunger strike was the prisoners' aim of being considered
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The Iranian government renamed Winston Churchill Boulevard, the location of the
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3262:"Erin Sands - Granddaughter of Bobby Sands - Wins Junior All-Ireland with Down"
2050:. Vol. CXXX, no. 44, 879. Associated Press. 6 March 1981. p. A16
1575:"CAIN: Politics: Elections: Westminster By-election (NI) Thursday 9 April 1981"
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Out of the Ashes: An Oral History of the Provisional Irish Republican Movement
2810:, British government pressure Ireland to change the name of Bobby Sands Street
2346:. Vol. 75, no. 195. Lakeland, Florida. Associated Press. p. 12A
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argued that political belief should not exempt activists from criminal law:
846:. Of those who identify with a particular religion, Rangers fans are mainly
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dedicated the song "He's Gone" to Sands. The concert was later released as
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In 2001, a memorial to Sands and the other hunger strikers was unveiled in
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418:. Sands was the eldest of four children. His younger sisters, Marcella and
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and chanted "Freedom for Ulster" during a march. The British Consulate at
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His granddaughter, Erin, played for the County Down team which won the
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820:
714:
467:. He was held at gunpoint and told that Alexander's was off-limits to "
3421:
Bobby Sands diary entries & biographies of the ten hunger strikers
724:
Following Sands's election win, the British government introduced the
289:
6037:
6027:
5421:
5286:
4866:
3738:
3039:"Celtic Green Brigade's Bobby Sands Banner – Is It Offensive? (POLL)"
2367:"Pitch Battles; What can an English public school-type tell us about"
1425:
Sands married Geraldine Noade while in prison on robbery charges on 3
1404:
1371:
1119:
to avoid using Bobby Sands Street on its letterhead. A street in the
871:
In Europe, there were widespread protests after Sands's death. 5,000
784:
628:
6288:
2518:
Russell, George; Angela, Bonnie; Amfitheatrof, Erik (18 May 1981).
2043:"Frank Maguire, Ulster M.P., Dies; Helped Defeat Callaghan in 1979"
2016:
1259:
991:
The American media expressed a range of opinions on Sands's death.
942:
831:
624:
568:
512:
403:
184:
1268:, part of the Grateful Dead's programme of live concert releases.
842:
fans have been known to sing songs mocking Sands to taunt fans of
741:
5643:
1120:
929:
925:
835:
757:
532:
415:
2903:"Over Three Decades on the Death of Bobby Sands Still Resonates"
2878:"Over Three Decades On The Death Of Bobby Sands Still Resonates"
2821:"Irish republicans say Bobby Sands Street in Tehran should stay"
2012:
ON THIS DAY 1981: Violence erupts at Irish hunger strike protest
5524:
2485:"French intelligentsia ponders what should be done with killer"
1391:
about the last six weeks of Sands's life in the context of the
1312:
1235:
1137:
1096:
1080:
917:
912:
772:
468:
2602:. Vol. CXXX, no. 44, 933. 29 April 1981. p. A26
1902:
767:
Memorial to 22 Irish Hunger Strikers Deaths Glasnevin Cemetery
3282:
Ten men dead : the story of the 1981 Irish hunger strike
3174:
3121:"Anger as new film of IRA hero Bobby Sands screens at Cannes"
884:
880:
872:
571:" (i.e., empty their chamber pots), this escalated into the "
1319:
listed Sands as an inspiration in the sleeve notes of their
657:
the right to one visit, one letter, and one parcel per week;
3063:
2550:
2548:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2412:
1589:
1330:
1100:
1044:", and concluded that IRA "terrorist propaganda triumphs."
899:
2760:
2750:
2748:
2746:
1856:
1699:
1661:
1243:
flute band, inspired by Bobby Sands, commemorate the 1916
3242:
2517:
1760:
1748:
1736:
1711:
1601:
1329:, a Scottish football club, received a €50,000 fine from
511:
planned the bombing of the Balmoral Furniture Company in
2545:
2409:
2108:
Disqualification for membership of the House of Commons,
791:
alongside 76 others. Their graves are maintained by the
2743:
2062:
1625:
1613:
1340:
Bobby Sands has been portrayed in the following films:
668:
as opposed to criminals. Shortly before Sands's death,
660:
full restoration of remission lost through the protest.
603:" and "McIlhatton", which were both later recorded by
6229:
3845:
2095:
Julian Haviland, "Bill to stop criminal candidates",
1403:
award for first-time filmmakers. It was broadcast on
1030:
criminal acts and must be dealt with by criminal law.
705:, to withdraw, and Sands was nominated on the label "
697:, died suddenly of a heart attack, precipitating the
5842:
Babies of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom
3627:
2463:
2312:"1981 5 May, Margaret Thatcher House of Commons PQs"
2262:
The Armed Peace: Life and Death after the Ceasefires
1682:"Never mind poor old Evita, cry for Star of the Sea"
1649:
1469:
List of United Kingdom MPs with the shortest service
1164:
stood for a minute's silence in tribute. The ruling
2921:
1637:
1258:the following night after Sands died and guitarist
936:. According to Beresford, the conservative-aligned
364:
1976 Balmoral Furniture Company bombing in Dunmurry
3805:August 1981 Fermanagh and South Tyrone by-election
3369:
3339:
3309:
3279:
2737:"Unveiling of Rhode Island Hunger Strike Memorial"
2593:
2483:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2041:
1231:Artistic reactions to the 1981 Irish hunger strike
444:violence in Rathcoole, along with the rest of the
3795:April 1981 Fermanagh and South Tyrone by-election
3145:Bobby Sands film wins Cannes award. Available on
2445:"Engelsk dronningbesøk på sultestreikers dødsdag"
1407:in the UK for the first time on 15 December 2009.
1107:sent a message of condolence to the Sands family.
499:1976 Balmoral Furniture Company bombing, Dunmurry
346:; 9 March 1954 – 5 May 1981) was a member of the
6365:Northern Ireland politicians convicted of crimes
6301:
2650:"IRA brutalities, Terrorist propaganda triumphs"
1457:All-Ireland Junior Ladies' Football Championship
6375:People who died on the 1981 Irish hunger strike
3342:Bobby Sands and the tragedy of Northern Ireland
2326:
1829:Terrorists on Trial: A Performative Perspective
1731:Bobby Sands and the Tragedy of Northern Ireland
1323:and as a "political hero" in media interviews.
6400:20th-century songwriters from Northern Ireland
2635:"Sands' hunger strike and the fate of Ulster"
2340:"To some he was a hero, to others a terrorist"
1198:to commemorate the victims of the IRA. In the
1054:, called Sands's death "a useless sacrifice".
385:. During Sands' strike, he was elected to the
366:, which was followed by a gun battle with the
5826:
3831:
3544:
2973:(David Harvey, ed). Routledge, 2002, p. 190;
2969:Boyle, Mark. "Edifying the Rebellious Gael",
2960:A Long Strange Trip by Dennis McNally, p. 542
2481:
2174:, cain.ulst.ac.uk; accessed 20 November 2015.
2116:. Archived from the original on 21 March 2006
3558:
3437:. Archived from the original on 2 April 2008
2715:"Adams unveils Cuba memorial to Bobby Sands"
2183:
1874:
1782:, cain.ulst.ac.uk; accessed 20 October 2015.
460:coworkers wearing the armbands of the local
4249:Carlton Tower & Portman Hotel shootings
3427:Timewatch: Hunger Strike – a Hidden History
3367:
3180:
3090:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2766:
2364:
1908:
1766:
1754:
1742:
1717:
1705:
1667:
1631:
1619:
1607:
812:on 5 May 1981, the British Prime Minister,
682:Shortly after the beginning of the strike,
526:. The cells contained a bed, a mattress, a
492:
381:prisoners protested against the removal of
73:
15:
6380:Prisoners accorded Special Category Status
5833:
5819:
4617:Paddington & Victoria station bombings
3838:
3824:
3551:
3537:
3010:"Celtic fined €50k for Bobby Sands banner"
2971:Celtic Geographies: Old Culture, New Times
2937:
1868:
898:stood in a minute's silence for Sands. In
84:
16:
6385:Provisional Irish Republican Army members
3277:
2852:"Iran burger bar named after Bobby Sands"
2554:
2513:
2511:
2442:
2430:
2068:
1825:
1595:
1307:", has been described as an example of a
2849:
2693:"Hunger Strikers Memorial, Hartford, CT"
2373:. Herald and Times Group. Archived from
1835:. Leiden University Press. p. 220.
1234:
956:International Longshoremen's Association
904:Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
762:
740:
599:(1983). Sands also wrote the lyrics of "
547:of the Provisional IRA prisoners in the
51:Irish Provisional IRA member (1954–1981)
24:This is an accepted version of this page
3430:(Otmoor Productions/BBC 1993), imdb.com
3411:Biography from Irish Republican website
3407:, contains poetry and writings by Sands
3307:
3248:
3192:
2337:
2089:
1862:
1679:
1113:Embassy of the United Kingdom in Tehran
677:
648:the right not to wear a prison uniform;
14:
6350:Male songwriters from Northern Ireland
6302:
4416:Hyde Park & Regent's Park bombings
3337:
3312:Armed struggle: the history of the IRA
3118:
2999:, ratm.net; accessed 20 November 2015.
2508:
2469:
2134:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1680:Donegan, Lawrence (23 November 1999).
1655:
1643:
1577:. CAIN/Ulster University. 9 April 1981
1484:after a hunger strike lasting 74 days.
5814:
3906:Chronology of Provisional IRA actions
3819:
3532:
3316:. New York: Oxford University Press.
3223:
2963:
2875:
2259:
2159:Constitutional and administrative law
1791:
1224:
1215:Representation of the People Act 1981
902:, one demonstrator threw a tomato at
726:Representation of the People Act 1981
5515:South Armagh Republican Action Force
4592:Honourable Artillery Company bombing
3072:from the original on 3 December 2017
2772:
2496:from the original on 12 January 2022
2443:Bergkvist, Johanne (29 April 2021).
1987:"Back Home in Derry – Christy Moore"
1937:, p. 62, 2001, Mercier Press, Cork,
825:Catholic Church in England and Wales
793:National Graves Association, Belfast
538:
312:First Battalion South West Belfast,
4700:Forensic Science Laboratory bombing
3346:. Sag Harbor, NY: Permanent Press.
3160:"Bobby Sands story to become movie"
2717:. BreakingNews.ie. 18 December 2001
2667:"Leaders call Sands' death useless"
2290:"University of Ulster CAIN archive"
1914:
1444:. She was a founding member of the
1181:
619:of Irishmen in the 19th century to
48:
4159:King's Cross & Euston bombings
3405:Bobby Sands Trust official website
3108:. 1 October 2001 – via IMDb.
2990:Rage Against the Machine: Articles
2850:Costello, Norma (3 October 2014).
2579:"Bobby Sands and Mahatma Gandhi",
2184:O'Keeffe, Terence M. (July 1984).
703:Social Democratic and Labour Party
613:The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald
578:
535:from 7.30 am to 8.30 pm each day.
122:9 April 1981 – 5 May 1981
49:
6411:
3931:Mountjoy Prison helicopter escape
3847:Provisional Irish Republican Army
3398:
3064:Ebert, Roger (27 December 1996).
2827:. 23 January 2004. Archived from
2246:"Roll of Honor/Hunger 6 May 2021"
1502:"1981: Hunger striker elected MP"
1052:US Conference of Catholic Bishops
808:In response to a question in the
348:Provisional Irish Republican Army
294:Provisional Irish Republican Army
6325:People who died on hunger strike
6287:
6275:
6263:
6251:
6239:
6218:
5551:Continuity Irish Republican Army
4426:Royal Artillery Barracks bombing
3966:Armalite and ballot box strategy
3800:June 1981 Irish general election
3630:
3469:Parliament of the United Kingdom
2537:
2482:Colin Randall (13 August 2004).
2365:Tom Shields (23 February 2003).
2230:
1881:. Pan Macmillan. pp. 133–.
1399:and won McQueen the prestigious
1194:held a memorial service outside
651:the right not to do prison work;
634:
615:". The song itself is about the
288:
4214:British Airways bombing attempt
3712:Political and religious figures
3254:
3217:
3186:
3152:
3139:
3119:Thorpe, Vanessa (11 May 2008).
3112:
3098:
3057:
3031:
3002:
2983:
2954:
2931:
2895:
2869:
2843:
2813:
2794:
2729:
2707:
2685:
2659:
2642:
2629:
2614:
2595:"Britain's Gift to Bobby Sands"
2586:
2573:
2560:
2475:
2436:
2389:
2358:
2304:
2282:
2253:
2238:
2177:
2165:
2150:
2102:
2083:1981: Hunger striker elected MP
2074:
2034:
2022:
2005:
1979:
1963:
1947:
1927:
1819:
1785:
1772:
1723:
1673:
1221:in Fermanagh and South Tyrone.
949:
555:, who was participating in the
543:In late 1980, Sands was chosen
344:Roibeárd Gearóid Ó Seachnasaigh
249:
6395:British MPs who died in office
4637:Musgrave Park Hospital bombing
3986:Northern Ireland peace process
3271:
3228:. Merrion Press. p. 299.
3193:Kennedy, Carol (18 May 1981).
2695:. Irish Northern Aid Committee
2314:. Margaret Thatcher Foundation
1795:Bobby Sands – An Irish Martyr?
1567:
1542:
1526:. Nuzhound.com. Archived from
1516:
1494:
1446:32 County Sovereignty Movement
1188:Irish National Liberation Army
1136:prisoners incarcerated in the
861:1981 British Home Championship
13:
1:
4587:London Stock Exchange bombing
2186:"Suicide and Self-Starvation"
1922:Provos, The IRA and Sinn Féin
1488:
591:Skylark Sing Your Lonely Song
397:
4612:Downing Street mortar attack
4436:Ballygawley land mine attack
4184:Houses of Parliament bombing
3926:Improvised tactical vehicles
3417: (archived 31 July 2008)
2876:Wight, John (5 April 2012).
2783:The Ayatollah Begs to Differ
2620:"The Death of Bobby Sands",
2526:. Vol. 117, no. 20
2338:Bradley, Jeff (5 May 1981).
1826:de Graafe, Beatrice (2016).
1504:. BBC On This Day – 10 April
1157:, opposition members in the
1074:Irish Northern Aid Committee
798:
7:
5669:William "Frenchie" Marchant
5520:Direct Action Against Drugs
5112:Antoine Mac Giolla Bhrighde
4819:1997 Northern Ireland riots
4642:Crumlin Road Prison bombing
4456:RUC Birches barracks attack
4299:Walton's Restaurant bombing
4239:Telephone exchange bombings
4099:Scottish soldiers' killings
3744:Bernadette Devlin McAliskey
2566:"The Saga of Bobby Sands",
1798:. GRIN Verlag. p. 20.
1462:
978:New Jersey General Assembly
787:, and he was buried in the
362:. Sands helped to plan the
10:
6416:
5556:Real Irish Republican Army
4799:Hammersmith Bridge bombing
4500:Glamorgan barracks bombing
4294:Scott's Oyster Bar bombing
4244:1974 Oxford Street bombing
4224:London pillar box bombings
3489:Fermanagh and South Tyrone
3435:"The Diary of Bobby Sands"
3376:. New York: Nation Books.
1410:The 2016 documentary film
1358:and written by George and
1228:
803:
695:Fermanagh and South Tyrone
496:
110:Fermanagh and South Tyrone
6216:
5848:
5564:
5543:
5497:
5435:
4831:
4809:Thiepval barracks bombing
4705:Stoke Newington Road bomb
4650:
4627:Glenanne barracks bombing
4602:RFA Fort Victoria bombing
4567:Downpatrick roadside bomb
4543:
4451:Enniskillen mortar attack
4381:
4353:La Mon restaurant bombing
4109:Balmoral showroom bombing
4074:
4065:
3999:
3853:
3777:
3711:
3648:Participants who survived
3647:
3625:
3566:
3516:
3508:
3498:
3482:
3474:
3467:
3455:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
3308:English, Richard (2003).
3286:. London: Grafton Books.
3278:Beresford, David (1987).
2806:28 September 2007 at the
2385:– via FindArticles.
2250:at republicansinnfein.org
2202:10.1017/S0031819100069941
1448:in 1997. She opposed the
1438:Bernadette Sands McKevitt
1420:
1397:2008 Cannes Film Festival
866:
517:Royal Ulster Constabulary
446:Belfast metropolitan area
373:He was the leader of the
368:Royal Ulster Constabulary
329:
319:
308:
300:
283:
278:
272:Bernadette Sands McKevitt
267:
259:
236:
226:
216:
195:
167:
162:
158:
150:
138:
126:
115:
103:
99:
83:
72:
58:
6370:People from Newtownabbey
4760:1993 Fivemiletown ambush
4715:Night of the Long Knives
4495:1988 Netherlands attacks
4411:Chelsea Barracks bombing
4169:1973 Westminster bombing
4094:1970 Crossmaglen bombing
3956:1981 Irish hunger strike
3560:1981 Irish hunger strike
3149:. Retrieved 26 May 2008.
2681:– via Google News.
2354:– via Google News.
2138:) CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1393:1981 Irish hunger strike
1317:Rage Against the Machine
1048:Archbishop John R. Roach
736:
641:1981 Irish hunger strike
493:Provisional IRA activity
217:Cause of death
31:latest accepted revision
5624:Christopher Ewart-Biggs
4804:Osnabrück mortar attack
4794:1996 Manchester bombing
4710:1992 Manchester bombing
4680:Baltic Exchange bombing
4510:Ballygawley bus bombing
4505:Inglis Barracks bombing
4319:West Ham station attack
4289:Trattoria Fiore bombing
4219:Birmingham pub bombings
4189:Tower of London bombing
4119:Donegall Street bombing
3638:Northern Ireland portal
3368:O'Hearn, Denis (2006).
2623:San Francisco Chronicle
1550:"Hunger Strike 1980–82"
1524:"Legacy of Cage Eleven"
1321:self-titled debut album
1247:on the 91st anniversary
1219:second 1981 by-election
1089:
1022:San Francisco Chronicle
969:offer a reconciliation
963:St. Patrick's Cathedral
745:Bobby Sands's grave in
561:Special Category Status
457:Alexander's Coach Works
383:Special Category Status
191:, Northern Ireland
76:Roibeárd Ó Seachnasaigh
5574:Jeffery Stanford Agate
5107:Breandán Mac Cionnaith
4745:Finchley Road bombings
4572:Operation Conservation
4520:Clive Barracks bombing
4431:Brighton hotel bombing
4391:Dunmurry train bombing
4194:Guildford pub bombings
4124:Battle at Springmartin
4084:Battle of St Matthew's
4027:Internal Security Unit
3224:White, Robert (2017).
2940:"Ark Election website"
2907:The Huffington Post UK
2031:, 3 May 1981, pp. 2–3.
1792:Hanke, Philip (2011).
1440:, is also a prominent
1395:. It premiered at the
1265:Dick's Picks Volume 13
1248:
1200:Irish general election
1032:
986:New Jersey Legislature
967:Cardinal Terence Cooke
768:
749:
719:became the youngest MP
699:April 1981 by-election
688:Independent Republican
483:
343:
74:
6340:Irish revolutionaries
4755:Shankill Road bombing
4730:Cullaville occupation
4670:London Bridge bombing
4525:Deal barracks bombing
4406:1981 Bessbrook attack
4309:Balcombe Street siege
4279:London Hilton bombing
4269:Caterham Arms bombing
4204:Brooks's Club bombing
4199:Harrow School bombing
4144:Newry customs bombing
3991:Good Friday Agreement
3567:Participants who died
3523:9 April – 5 May 1981
3338:Feehan, John (1985).
2995:18 April 2007 at the
2266:Mainstream Publishing
2260:Rowan, Brian (2011).
2099:, 13 June 1981, p. 2.
1969:2001, Mercier Press;
1953:1989, Mercier Press,
1875:Kevin Toolis (2011).
1450:Good Friday Agreement
1354:. It was directed by
1315:. The U.S. rock band
1238:
1070:Hartford, Connecticut
1027:
906:, but missed. In the
892:Portuguese Parliament
789:'New Republican Plot'
766:
744:
711:Ulster Unionist Party
478:
301:Years of service
5988:Willoughby de Eresby
5307:Thomas "Slab" Murphy
5087:Patrick Joseph Kelly
4750:Battle of Newry Road
4720:1993 Harrods bombing
4597:Lichfield gun attack
4582:Carlton Club bombing
4577:1990 Wembley bombing
4304:Drummuckavall ambush
4274:Tullyvallen massacre
4209:Woolwich pub bombing
4057:Balcombe Street Gang
4047:South Armagh Brigade
4022:IRA Southern Command
4017:IRA Northern Command
3195:"Making of a martyr"
2656:, 9 May 1981, W1-8-4
2520:"Shadow Of a Gunman"
1530:on 27 September 2018
1480:in 1920 who died in
1413:Bobby Sands: 66 Days
1365:Sands was played by
1344:Sands was played by
1037:The Pittsburgh Press
875:students burned the
834:football matches in
691:Member of Parliament
678:Member of Parliament
617:penal transportation
354:while imprisoned at
105:Member of Parliament
5535:Troops Out Movement
5482:Freddie Scappaticci
4789:Aldwych bus bombing
4740:Bishopsgate bombing
4725:Warrington bombings
4685:Sussex Arms bombing
4675:Staples Cnr bombing
4622:Mullacreevie ambush
4562:South Armagh sniper
4515:Jonesborough ambush
4461:Rheindahlen bombing
4441:Newry mortar attack
4396:Lough Foyle attacks
4254:Mountainview attack
4229:Talbot Arms bombing
4154:Honey Trap killings
4052:East Tyrone Brigade
4032:Active service unit
3896:Haughey arms crisis
3066:"Some Mother's Son"
3016:on 21 November 2015
2791:. 2008, pp. 244–45.
2490:The Daily Telegraph
2377:on 23 December 2008
2172:Bobby Sands profile
1911:, pp. 158–163.
1865:, pp. 196–197.
1598:, pp. 131–132.
1305:The People's Own MP
1186:Nine other IRA and
1105:Abolhassan Banisadr
1050:, president of the
855:ties, as a form of
853:British nationalist
730:Republic of Ireland
671:The Washington Post
666:political prisoners
557:first hunger strike
524:Crumlin Road Prison
336:Robert Gerard Sands
172:Robert Gerard Sands
94:, 1973 (aged 18–19)
21:Page version status
6330:Irish nationalists
5664:Baroness Brabourne
5102:Proinsias Mac Airt
5037:John Francis Green
4476:Corporals killings
4446:Ballygawley attack
4401:Glasdrumman ambush
4363:Warrenpoint ambush
4358:Crossmaglen ambush
4329:Store bar shooting
4314:Kingsmill massacre
4284:Piccadilly bombing
4259:Bayardo Bar attack
4164:Coleraine bombings
4149:Old Bailey bombing
4129:Battle of Lenadoon
3981:Smithwick Tribunal
3971:Punishment attacks
3961:Maze Prison escape
3654:Brendan McLaughlin
3251:, pp. 316–17.
3183:, pp. 49, 51.
3162:. BBC. 16 May 2007
3041:. 29 November 2013
2639:, 1 May 1981, p. 9
2600:The New York Times
2048:The New York Times
1993:. 17 February 2012
1935:One Day in My Life
1379:Michael Fassbender
1249:
1225:In popular culture
1171:In Hong Kong, the
1015:The New York Times
769:
750:
601:Back Home in Derry
596:One Day in My Life
545:Officer Commanding
402:Sands was born in
387:British Parliament
375:1981 hunger strike
350:(IRA) who died on
212:, Northern Ireland
189:County Antrim
27:
6335:Irish republicans
6227:
6226:
5808:
5807:
5756:
5748:
5490:
5472:Martin McGartland
5317:Ruairí Ó Brádaigh
5242:Pádraig McKearney
5237:Martin McGuinness
5212:Brendan McFarlane
5182:Raymond McCartney
5122:Seán Mac Stíofáin
4840:
4827:
4826:
4814:Coalisland attack
4784:Docklands bombing
4779:Drumcree conflict
4530:Mayobridge attack
4471:Operation Flavius
4339:Garryhinch ambush
3813:
3812:
3724:Garret FitzGerald
3719:Margaret Thatcher
3527:
3526:
3519:Baby of the House
3499:Succeeded by
3264:. 15 August 2023.
2292:. Cain.ulst.ac.uk
2275:978-1-84018-862-2
1888:978-1-4472-1748-0
1842:978-90-8728-240-0
1805:978-3-640-85967-2
1474:Terence MacSwiney
1387:, a 2008 film by
1369:in the 2001 film
1351:Some Mother's Son
1348:in the 1996 film
1303:. Moore's song, "
1252:The Grateful Dead
1196:Belfast City Hall
1155:Indian Parliament
1012:In an editorial,
1004:wrote that "
838:, Scotland, some
814:Margaret Thatcher
747:Milltown Cemetery
621:Van Diemen's Land
539:Maze Prison years
333:
332:
39:29 September 2024
18:
6407:
6390:UK MPs 1979–1983
6345:Irish socialists
6320:Anti H-Block MPs
6292:
6291:
6280:
6279:
6278:
6270:Northern Ireland
6268:
6267:
6266:
6256:
6255:
6254:
6244:
6243:
6242:
6235:
6222:
6221:
5835:
5828:
5821:
5812:
5811:
5800:Michael Willetts
5754:
5746:
5744:Robert McCartney
5709:Lord Mountbatten
5684:Robert McConnell
5484:
5477:Sean O'Callaghan
5352:Diarmuid O'Neill
5342:Siobhán O'Hanlon
5332:Éamonn O'Doherty
5327:Dáithí Ó Conaill
5267:Michael McKevitt
5262:Laurence McKeown
5202:Séamus McElwaine
5192:Raymond McCreesh
5187:Martin McCaughey
4922:Carál Ní Chuilín
4852:Martina Anderson
4836:
4765:Heathrow attacks
4695:Coalisland riots
4466:Loughgall ambush
4373:Dungannon attack
4368:Brussels bombing
4114:Abercorn bombing
4104:Red Lion bombing
4072:
4071:
4012:IRA Army Council
3911:Arms importation
3840:
3833:
3826:
3817:
3816:
3663:Laurence McKeown
3640:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3584:Raymond McCreesh
3553:
3546:
3539:
3530:
3529:
3509:Preceded by
3475:Preceded by
3465:
3464:
3460:
3454:
3446:
3444:
3442:
3394:
3392:
3390:
3375:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3345:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3315:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3285:
3266:
3265:
3258:
3252:
3246:
3240:
3239:
3221:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3201:. Archived from
3190:
3184:
3178:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3156:
3150:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3116:
3110:
3109:
3102:
3096:
3095:
3089:
3081:
3079:
3077:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3048:
3046:
3035:
3029:
3028:
3023:
3021:
3012:. Archived from
3006:
3000:
2987:
2981:
2967:
2961:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2938:Nicholas Whyte.
2935:
2929:
2925:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2914:
2899:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2873:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2862:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2831:on 30 March 2008
2817:
2811:
2801:Irlandinit-hd.de
2798:
2792:
2776:
2770:
2764:
2758:
2752:
2741:
2740:
2733:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2722:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2689:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2678:
2663:
2657:
2648:Edward Langley,
2646:
2640:
2633:
2627:
2618:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2607:
2597:
2590:
2584:
2577:
2571:
2564:
2558:
2552:
2543:
2542:
2541:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2515:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2487:
2479:
2473:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2440:
2434:
2428:
2407:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2335:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2257:
2251:
2249:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2234:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2196:(229): 349–363.
2181:
2175:
2169:
2163:
2154:
2148:
2143:
2133:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2115:
2106:
2100:
2093:
2087:
2078:
2072:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2045:
2038:
2032:
2026:
2020:
2009:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1991:ChristyMoore.com
1983:
1977:
1967:
1961:
1951:
1945:
1931:
1925:
1918:
1912:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1872:
1866:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1834:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1789:
1783:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1752:
1746:
1740:
1734:
1727:
1721:
1715:
1709:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1677:
1671:
1665:
1659:
1653:
1647:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1623:
1617:
1611:
1605:
1599:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1498:
1476:– Lord Mayor of
1442:Irish republican
1436:Sands's sister,
1432:
1428:
1381:played Sands in
1182:Political impact
1126:Pars News Agency
994:The Boston Globe
810:House of Commons
781:Northern Ireland
609:Gordon Lightfoot
414:, outside North
379:Irish republican
360:Northern Ireland
296:
292:
279:Military service
253:
251:
202:
181:
179:
163:Personal details
141:
129:
120:
88:
79:
77:
67:
56:
55:
6415:
6414:
6410:
6409:
6408:
6406:
6405:
6404:
6300:
6299:
6298:
6286:
6276:
6274:
6264:
6262:
6252:
6250:
6240:
6238:
6230:
6228:
6223:
6219:
6214:
5844:
5839:
5809:
5804:
5752:Joseph Rafferty
5704:Stephen Melrose
5694:Columba McVeigh
5689:Jean McConville
5674:Martin McBirney
5589:Robert Bradford
5566:
5560:
5539:
5493:
5467:Raymond Gilmour
5452:Denis Donaldson
5437:
5431:
5277:Jackie McMullan
5247:Tommy McKearney
5232:John Joe McGirl
5177:Jennifer McCann
5117:Joseph MacManus
5047:George Harrison
5032:Michael Gaughan
5012:William Fleming
5007:Mairéad Farrell
4877:Charles Breslin
4835:
4823:
4690:Cloghoge attack
4660:Teebane bombing
4646:
4539:
4535:Derryard attack
4481:Lisburn bombing
4421:Harrods bombing
4377:
4334:Stag Inn attack
4324:Olympia bombing
4264:Forkhill attack
4234:Bristol bombing
4061:
4037:Belfast Brigade
3995:
3936:Blanket protest
3871:Republican News
3861:Anti-Treaty IRA
3849:
3844:
3814:
3809:
3785:Blanket protest
3773:
3734:Humphrey Atkins
3729:Charles Haughey
3707:
3701:Gerard Hodgkins
3686:Jackie McMullan
3681:Patrick Sheehan
3643:
3636:
3631:
3629:
3623:
3562:
3557:
3522:
3514:
3512:Stephen Dorrell
3504:
3492:
3480:
3448:
3447:
3440:
3438:
3433:
3415:Wayback Machine
3401:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3328:
3326:
3324:
3298:
3296:
3294:
3274:
3269:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3247:
3243:
3236:
3222:
3218:
3208:
3206:
3205:on 8 April 2022
3191:
3187:
3179:
3175:
3165:
3163:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3144:
3140:
3130:
3128:
3117:
3113:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3083:
3082:
3075:
3073:
3062:
3058:
3044:
3042:
3037:
3036:
3032:
3019:
3017:
3008:
3007:
3003:
2997:Wayback Machine
2988:
2984:
2968:
2964:
2959:
2955:
2945:
2943:
2936:
2932:
2926:
2922:
2912:
2910:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2886:
2884:
2874:
2870:
2860:
2858:
2848:
2844:
2834:
2832:
2819:
2818:
2814:
2808:Wayback Machine
2799:
2795:
2777:
2773:
2765:
2761:
2757:, 11 June 1981.
2753:
2744:
2735:
2734:
2730:
2720:
2718:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2698:
2696:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2676:
2674:
2665:
2664:
2660:
2654:Chicago Tribune
2647:
2643:
2634:
2630:
2619:
2615:
2605:
2603:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2583:, 28 April 1981
2581:Chicago Tribune
2578:
2574:
2565:
2561:
2553:
2546:
2536:
2529:
2527:
2516:
2509:
2499:
2497:
2480:
2476:
2468:
2464:
2454:
2452:
2441:
2437:
2429:
2410:
2394:
2390:
2380:
2378:
2363:
2359:
2349:
2347:
2336:
2327:
2317:
2315:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2295:
2293:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2276:
2258:
2254:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2229:
2222:
2220:
2182:
2178:
2170:
2166:
2155:
2151:
2127:
2126:
2119:
2117:
2113:
2111:"Archived copy"
2109:
2107:
2103:
2094:
2090:
2079:
2075:
2067:
2063:
2053:
2051:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2029:Washington Post
2027:
2023:
2010:
2006:
1996:
1994:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1968:
1964:
1952:
1948:
1932:
1928:
1919:
1915:
1907:
1903:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1873:
1869:
1861:
1857:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1832:
1824:
1820:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1790:
1786:
1777:
1773:
1765:
1761:
1753:
1749:
1741:
1737:
1728:
1724:
1716:
1712:
1708:, pp. 6–8.
1704:
1700:
1690:
1688:
1678:
1674:
1670:, pp. 5–6.
1666:
1662:
1654:
1650:
1642:
1638:
1630:
1626:
1618:
1614:
1610:, pp. 2–3.
1606:
1602:
1594:
1590:
1580:
1578:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1558:
1556:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1533:
1531:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1507:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1465:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1367:Mark O'Halloran
1256:Nassau Coliseum
1233:
1227:
1184:
1147:Hindustan Times
1117:Ferdowsi street
1092:
1001:Chicago Tribune
952:
883:was raided. In
869:
859:sentiment. The
806:
801:
771:Sands became a
739:
680:
637:
581:
579:Published works
565:blanket protest
541:
501:
495:
462:Ulster loyalist
400:
314:Belfast Brigade
287:
255:
252: 1973)
247:
243:
242:Geraldine Noade
227:Political party
204:
200:
183:
177:
175:
174:
173:
139:
127:
121:
116:
107:
95:
75:
68:
63:
61:
52:
47:
46:
45:
44:
43:
42:
26:
12:
11:
5:
6413:
6403:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6327:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6297:
6296:
6284:
6282:United Kingdom
6272:
6260:
6248:
6225:
6224:
6217:
6215:
6213:
6212:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6078:Wolrige-Gordon
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6020:
6015:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5980:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5955:
5950:
5945:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5849:
5846:
5845:
5838:
5837:
5830:
5823:
5815:
5806:
5805:
5803:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5790:Stephen Tibble
5787:
5782:
5780:Norman Stronge
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5760:Ray Smallwoods
5757:
5749:
5741:
5739:Robert Seymour
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5699:Ross McWhirter
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5659:Andrew Kearney
5656:
5654:Donald Kaberry
5651:
5646:
5641:
5639:Maurice Gibson
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5579:Johnathan Ball
5576:
5570:
5568:
5562:
5561:
5559:
5558:
5553:
5547:
5545:
5541:
5540:
5538:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5510:Fianna Éireann
5507:
5505:Cumann na mBan
5501:
5499:
5495:
5494:
5492:
5491:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5443:
5441:
5433:
5432:
5430:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5337:Joe B. O'Hagan
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5297:Danny Morrison
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5272:Thomas McMahon
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5222:Gerry McGeough
5219:
5214:
5209:
5207:Thomas McElwee
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5162:Pearse McAuley
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5057:Francis Hughes
5054:
5052:Brendan Hughes
5049:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5017:Kieran Fleming
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4982:Martin Doherty
4979:
4977:Kieran Doherty
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4957:Gerard Davison
4954:
4949:
4947:Eddie Copeland
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4927:Gabriel Cleary
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4902:Fergal Caraher
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4872:Patricia Black
4869:
4864:
4859:
4857:Declan Arthurs
4854:
4849:
4843:
4841:
4829:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4735:Camden bombing
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4656:
4654:
4648:
4647:
4645:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4607:Proxy bombings
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4549:
4547:
4541:
4540:
4538:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4387:
4385:
4379:
4378:
4376:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4179:Clogher attack
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4139:Claudy bombing
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4080:
4078:
4069:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4007:Chief of Staff
4003:
4001:
3997:
3996:
3994:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3946:HM Prison Maze
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3921:Barrack buster
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3883:
3881:The Green Book
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3857:
3855:
3851:
3850:
3843:
3842:
3835:
3828:
3820:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3781:
3779:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3754:Tomás Ó Fiaich
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3715:
3713:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3705:
3702:
3699:
3698:John Pickering
3696:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3677:Liam McCloskey
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3626:
3624:
3622:
3621:
3619:Michael Devine
3616:
3614:Thomas McElwee
3611:
3609:Kieran Doherty
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3579:Francis Hughes
3576:
3570:
3568:
3564:
3563:
3556:
3555:
3548:
3541:
3533:
3525:
3524:
3515:
3510:
3506:
3505:
3500:
3497:
3481:
3476:
3472:
3471:
3463:
3462:
3431:
3423:
3418:
3408:
3400:
3399:External links
3397:
3396:
3395:
3383:978-1560258421
3382:
3365:
3352:
3335:
3322:
3305:
3292:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3267:
3253:
3241:
3235:978-1785370939
3234:
3216:
3185:
3173:
3151:
3138:
3111:
3097:
3056:
3030:
3001:
2982:
2962:
2953:
2930:
2920:
2894:
2868:
2856:Irish Examiner
2842:
2825:larkspirit.com
2812:
2793:
2771:
2769:, p. 377.
2759:
2742:
2728:
2706:
2684:
2658:
2641:
2628:
2613:
2585:
2572:
2559:
2557:, p. 131.
2555:Beresford 1987
2544:
2507:
2492:. London, UK.
2474:
2462:
2451:(in Norwegian)
2435:
2433:, p. 132.
2431:Beresford 1987
2408:
2399:, 2007, p. 49
2388:
2357:
2325:
2303:
2281:
2274:
2268:. p. 84.
2252:
2237:
2176:
2164:
2149:
2145:(October 2004)
2101:
2088:
2073:
2069:Beresford 1987
2061:
2033:
2021:
2004:
1978:
1962:
1946:
1933:Sands, Bobby,
1926:
1913:
1901:
1887:
1867:
1855:
1841:
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1804:
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1759:
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1660:
1648:
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1624:
1612:
1600:
1596:Beresford 1987
1588:
1566:
1541:
1515:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1485:
1482:Brixton Prison
1471:
1464:
1461:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1408:
1376:
1363:
1289:The Undertones
1229:Main article:
1226:
1223:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1169:
1166:Congress Party
1151:
1142:
1109:
1108:
1091:
1088:
1006:Mahatma Gandhi
951:
948:
868:
865:
823:, head of the
805:
802:
800:
797:
738:
735:
679:
676:
662:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
636:
633:
611:'s 1976 song "
580:
577:
553:Brendan Hughes
540:
537:
494:
491:
399:
396:
356:HM Prison Maze
331:
330:
327:
326:
321:
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306:
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206:HM Prison Maze
203:(aged 27)
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6376:
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6371:
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6358:
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6355:Irish writers
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6341:
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5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5863:Gordon-Lennox
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5850:
5847:
5843:
5836:
5831:
5829:
5824:
5822:
5817:
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5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5785:Richard Sykes
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5775:James Stronge
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5753:
5750:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5724:Thomas Oliver
5722:
5720:
5719:Robert Nairac
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
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5690:
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5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5629:Joseph Fenton
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5614:Raymond Elder
5612:
5610:
5609:Eamon Collins
5607:
5605:
5604:Martin Cahill
5602:
5600:
5599:Matthew Burns
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5584:Anthony Berry
5582:
5580:
5577:
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5488:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5457:Joseph Fenton
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5447:Eamon Collins
5445:
5444:
5442:
5440:
5436:Espionage and
5434:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5417:Seamus Twomey
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5357:Dolours Price
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5312:Kieran Nugent
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5292:Arthur Morgan
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5282:Martin Meehan
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5257:Kevin McKenna
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5197:Joe McDonnell
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5167:Daniel McCann
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5137:Donna Maguire
5135:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5127:Patrick Magee
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5067:Pearse Jordan
5065:
5063:
5062:Martin Hurson
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
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5035:
5033:
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5018:
5015:
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5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
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4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
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4975:
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4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4942:Eamon Collins
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4907:Malachy Carey
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4897:Liam Campbell
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4882:Edward Butler
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4862:Thomas Begley
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4834:
4833:Personalities
4830:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
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4780:
4777:
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4773:
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4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
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4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4665:Clonoe ambush
4663:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4655:
4653:
4649:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
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4452:
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4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4384:
4380:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4347:
4344:Jonesborough
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
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4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4134:Bloody Friday
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4077:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4064:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4042:Derry Brigade
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4004:
4002:
3998:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3941:Dirty protest
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3891:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3841:
3836:
3834:
3829:
3827:
3822:
3821:
3818:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3790:Dirty protest
3788:
3786:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3776:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3710:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3695:Hugh Carville
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3646:
3639:
3628:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3599:Martin Hurson
3597:
3595:
3594:Joe McDonnell
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3554:
3549:
3547:
3542:
3540:
3535:
3534:
3531:
3521:
3520:
3513:
3507:
3503:
3496:– 5 May 1981
3495:
3491:
3490:
3486:
3479:
3478:Frank Maguire
3473:
3470:
3466:
3458:
3452:
3436:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3416:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3385:
3379:
3374:
3373:
3366:
3355:
3349:
3344:
3343:
3336:
3325:
3319:
3314:
3313:
3306:
3295:
3289:
3284:
3283:
3276:
3275:
3263:
3257:
3250:
3245:
3237:
3231:
3227:
3220:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3189:
3182:
3177:
3161:
3155:
3148:
3142:
3126:
3122:
3115:
3107:
3101:
3093:
3087:
3071:
3067:
3060:
3053:
3040:
3034:
3027:
3015:
3011:
3005:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2986:
2980:
2979:0-415-22396-2
2976:
2972:
2966:
2957:
2941:
2934:
2924:
2908:
2904:
2898:
2883:
2879:
2872:
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2846:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2809:
2805:
2802:
2797:
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2789:
2784:
2780:
2775:
2768:
2763:
2756:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2738:
2732:
2716:
2710:
2694:
2688:
2672:
2668:
2662:
2655:
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2645:
2638:
2632:
2625:
2624:
2617:
2601:
2596:
2589:
2582:
2576:
2570:, 3 May 1981.
2569:
2563:
2556:
2551:
2549:
2540:
2525:
2521:
2514:
2512:
2495:
2491:
2486:
2478:
2472:, p. 21.
2471:
2466:
2450:
2446:
2439:
2432:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2406:
2405:0-7456-2482-0
2402:
2398:
2392:
2376:
2372:
2371:Sunday Herald
2368:
2361:
2345:
2341:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2313:
2307:
2291:
2285:
2277:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2256:
2248:. 6 May 2014.
2247:
2241:
2233:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2180:
2173:
2168:
2161:
2160:
2153:
2146:
2141:
2137:
2131:
2112:
2105:
2098:
2092:
2085:
2084:
2077:
2071:, p. 97.
2070:
2065:
2049:
2044:
2037:
2030:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2008:
1992:
1988:
1982:
1976:
1975:1-85635-349-4
1972:
1966:
1960:
1959:0-85342-726-7
1956:
1950:
1944:
1943:1-85635-349-4
1940:
1936:
1930:
1923:
1917:
1910:
1905:
1890:
1884:
1880:
1879:
1871:
1864:
1859:
1844:
1838:
1831:
1830:
1822:
1807:
1801:
1797:
1796:
1788:
1781:
1775:
1769:, p. 24.
1768:
1763:
1757:, p. 20.
1756:
1751:
1745:, p. 19.
1744:
1739:
1732:
1726:
1720:, p. 12.
1719:
1714:
1707:
1702:
1687:
1683:
1676:
1669:
1664:
1658:, p. 59.
1657:
1652:
1646:, p. 58.
1645:
1640:
1633:
1628:
1621:
1616:
1609:
1604:
1597:
1592:
1576:
1570:
1555:
1551:
1545:
1529:
1525:
1519:
1503:
1497:
1493:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1460:
1458:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1434:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1389:Steve McQueen
1386:
1385:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1368:
1364:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1335:Green Brigade
1332:
1328:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1301:Christy Moore
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1277:Black 47
1274:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1246:
1245:Easter Rising
1242:
1237:
1232:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1167:
1163:
1160:
1156:
1152:
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1148:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1031:
1026:
1024:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1002:
996:
995:
989:
987:
983:
979:
974:
972:
968:
964:
961:
957:
947:
945:
944:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
922:Saint-Étienne
919:
915:
914:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
888:
886:
882:
878:
874:
864:
862:
858:
854:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
828:
826:
822:
817:
815:
811:
796:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
765:
761:
759:
755:
748:
743:
734:
731:
727:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
689:
685:
684:Frank Maguire
675:
673:
672:
667:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
646:
645:
642:
635:Hunger strike
632:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
605:Christy Moore
602:
598:
597:
592:
588:
587:
576:
574:
573:dirty protest
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
551:, succeeding
550:
546:
536:
534:
529:
525:
520:
518:
514:
510:
509:Joe McDonnell
505:
500:
490:
488:
482:
477:
475:
470:
466:
463:
458:
454:
449:
447:
443:
438:
436:
432:
428:
423:
421:
417:
413:
412:County Antrim
409:
405:
395:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
371:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
352:hunger strike
349:
345:
341:
337:
328:
325:
322:
318:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
286:
282:
277:
273:
270:
266:
262:
258:
239:
235:
232:
229:
225:
222:
221:Hunger strike
219:
215:
211:
207:
198:
194:
190:
186:
170:
166:
161:
157:
153:
149:
146:
143:
137:
134:
133:Frank Maguire
131:
125:
119:
114:
111:
106:
102:
98:
93:
87:
82:
78:
71:
66:
57:
54:
40:
36:
32:
25:
20:
6207:
6137:
5714:Lenny Murphy
5679:Jerry McCabe
5649:Heidi Hazell
5619:Gerard Evans
5530:Clan na Gael
5485:(allegedly "
5462:Kevin Fulton
5439:Supergrasses
5427:Séanna Walsh
5412:Gerard Tuite
5407:Bobby Storey
5402:Jimmy Steele
5381:
5362:Marian Price
5302:Conor Murphy
5147:Paul Marlowe
5142:Larry Marley
5072:Brian Keenan
5027:Angelo Fusco
5002:Dessie Ellis
4997:Rose Dugdale
4967:Hugh Doherty
4952:Marion Coyle
4932:Peter Cleary
4917:Gerard Casey
4838:(Volunteers)
4771:
4770:Crossmaglen
4632:Coagh ambush
4554:
4487:
4345:
4089:Falls Curfew
4000:Organisation
3951:Anti H-Block
3901:IRA campaign
3886:The Troubles
3876:An Phoblacht
3704:James Devine
3589:Patsy O'Hara
3573:
3517:
3483:
3439:. Retrieved
3426:
3387:. Retrieved
3371:
3357:. Retrieved
3341:
3327:. Retrieved
3311:
3297:. Retrieved
3281:
3256:
3249:English 2003
3244:
3225:
3219:
3207:. Retrieved
3203:the original
3198:
3188:
3181:O'Hearn 2006
3176:
3164:. Retrieved
3154:
3141:
3129:. Retrieved
3127:. London, UK
3125:The Observer
3124:
3114:
3100:
3074:. Retrieved
3059:
3050:
3043:. Retrieved
3033:
3025:
3018:. Retrieved
3014:the original
3004:
2985:
2970:
2965:
2956:
2944:. Retrieved
2933:
2923:
2911:. Retrieved
2909:. 4 May 2012
2906:
2897:
2885:. Retrieved
2881:
2871:
2859:. Retrieved
2855:
2845:
2833:. Retrieved
2829:the original
2824:
2815:
2796:
2786:
2782:
2779:Majd, Hooman
2774:
2767:O'Hearn 2006
2762:
2754:
2731:
2719:. Retrieved
2709:
2697:. Retrieved
2687:
2675:. Retrieved
2670:
2661:
2653:
2644:
2637:Boston Globe
2636:
2631:
2626:, 6 May 1981
2621:
2616:
2604:. Retrieved
2599:
2588:
2580:
2575:
2568:Boston Globe
2567:
2562:
2528:. Retrieved
2523:
2498:. Retrieved
2489:
2477:
2465:
2453:. Retrieved
2448:
2438:
2396:
2391:
2379:. Retrieved
2375:the original
2370:
2360:
2348:. Retrieved
2343:
2316:. Retrieved
2306:
2294:. Retrieved
2284:
2261:
2255:
2240:
2221:. Retrieved
2193:
2189:
2179:
2167:
2158:
2152:
2120:28 September
2118:. Retrieved
2104:
2096:
2091:
2086:(April 1981)
2082:
2076:
2064:
2052:. Retrieved
2047:
2036:
2028:
2024:
2015:
2007:
1995:. Retrieved
1990:
1981:
1965:
1949:
1934:
1929:
1924:, pp. 251–52
1921:
1916:
1909:O'Hearn 2006
1904:
1892:. Retrieved
1878:Rebel Hearts
1877:
1870:
1863:English 2003
1858:
1846:. Retrieved
1828:
1821:
1809:. Retrieved
1794:
1787:
1774:
1767:O'Hearn 2006
1762:
1755:O'Hearn 2006
1750:
1743:O'Hearn 2006
1738:
1730:
1725:
1718:O'Hearn 2006
1713:
1706:O'Hearn 2006
1701:
1689:. Retrieved
1686:The Guardian
1685:
1675:
1668:O'Hearn 2006
1663:
1651:
1639:
1634:, p. 3.
1632:O'Hearn 2006
1627:
1622:, p. 2.
1620:O'Hearn 2006
1615:
1608:O'Hearn 2006
1603:
1591:
1579:. Retrieved
1569:
1557:. Retrieved
1553:
1544:
1532:. Retrieved
1528:the original
1518:
1506:. Retrieved
1496:
1454:
1435:
1424:
1411:
1382:
1370:
1360:Jim Sheridan
1356:Terry George
1349:
1339:
1325:
1297:Soldat Louis
1285:Meic Stevens
1270:
1263:
1250:
1207:the Troubles
1204:
1185:
1172:
1145:
1110:
1103:, President
1085:
1078:
1067:
1062:
1055:
1046:
1035:
1033:
1028:
1020:
1013:
1011:
999:
992:
990:
975:
953:
950:The Americas
941:
911:
908:Soviet Union
889:
870:
829:
818:
807:
770:
751:
723:
707:Anti H-Block
681:
669:
663:
638:
623:(modern day
594:
590:
586:An Phoblacht
584:
582:
542:
521:
506:
502:
484:
479:
450:
439:
424:
408:Newtownabbey
401:
391:Anti H-Block
372:
335:
334:
324:The Troubles
320:Battles/wars
231:Anti H-Block
201:(1981-05-05)
182:9 March 1954
154:1,447 (2.4%)
140:Succeeded by
117:
53:
38:
29:This is the
23:
6315:1981 deaths
6310:1954 births
5968:Lucas-Tooth
5858:Levy-Lawson
5770:Nick Spanos
5765:Sammy Smyth
5755:(allegedly)
5747:(allegedly)
5544:Derivatives
5397:Frank Stagg
5392:Pat Sheehan
5387:Seán Savage
5382:Bobby Sands
5372:Paddy Quinn
5347:Rita O'Hare
5252:Billy McKee
5227:Pat McGeown
5217:Tom McFeely
5157:Alex Maskey
5077:Gerry Kelly
5042:Dessie Grew
5022:Bernard Fox
4992:Colin Duffy
4987:Pat Doherty
4972:Joe Doherty
4962:Matt Devlin
4912:Owen Carron
4887:Paul Butler
4847:Paddy Agnew
4553:Derrygorry
4486:Aughanduff
4174:M62 bombing
3976:Disappeared
3749:Owen Carron
3691:Bernard Fox
3673:Matt Devlin
3668:Pat McGeown
3658:Paddy Quinn
3604:Kevin Lynch
3574:Bobby Sands
3502:Owen Carron
3272:Works cited
3076:15 February
3045:20 November
3020:20 November
2942:. Ark.ac.uk
2913:20 November
2470:Feehan 1985
1733:, pp. 13–14
1656:Feehan 1985
1644:Feehan 1985
1401:Caméra d'Or
1327:Celtic F.C.
1273:Easterhouse
1254:played the
1211:Owen Carron
1192:Ian Paisley
1162:Rajya Sabha
1159:upper house
1134:Palestinian
982:lower house
938:West German
934:Saint-Denis
777:nationalist
754:pathologist
593:(1989) and
549:Maze Prison
528:chamber pot
474:Glengormley
465:tartan gang
455:builder at
210:County Down
145:Owen Carron
128:Preceded by
60:Bobby Sands
6304:Categories
6008:Millington
5953:Harmsworth
5795:Sammy Ward
5734:Paul Quinn
5594:Joe Bratty
5498:Associates
5487:Stakeknife
5377:Billy Reid
5367:Liam Quinn
5322:Ed O'Brien
5172:Fra McCann
5152:Leo Martin
5132:Paul Magee
5097:Jim Lynagh
5092:Sean Kelly
5082:John Kelly
4937:Kevin Coen
4892:Joe Cahill
3778:Key events
3769:John Magee
3764:Denis Faul
3759:Basil Hume
3353:0932966632
3323:0195166051
3293:0586065334
2671:The Ledger
2449:Dagsavisen
2344:The Ledger
2190:Philosophy
1894:10 October
1848:12 October
1811:10 October
1778:Morrison,
1508:16 October
1489:References
1346:John Lynch
1309:rebel song
1293:Eric Bogle
1281:Nicky Wire
1063:The Ledger
1057:The Ledger
960:New York's
940:newspaper
896:opposition
877:Union Flag
857:anti-Irish
848:Protestant
821:Basil Hume
715:Harry West
713:candidate
497:See also:
420:Bernadette
398:Early life
284:Allegiance
199:5 May 1981
178:1954-03-09
6246:Biography
6158:M. Taylor
6103:Huckfield
6088:E. Taylor
5998:Macmillan
5993:C. Taylor
5913:Wodehouse
5873:Cavendish
5729:Tim Parry
5634:Billy Fox
5565:Prominent
5422:Roy Walsh
5287:Ian Milne
4867:Ivor Bell
4652:1992–1997
4545:1990–1991
4490:shootdown
4383:1980–1989
4076:1970–1979
3866:Sinn Féin
3739:Jim Prior
3199:Maclean's
3086:cite news
2928:parties".
2835:8 January
2788:Doubleday
2755:The Times
2218:154281192
2097:The Times
2080:BBC News,
1780:Biography
1459:in 2023.
1405:Channel 4
1313:eulogised
819:Cardinal
799:Reactions
785:Twinbrook
779:areas of
693:(MP) for
629:Australia
487:Twinbrook
442:sectarian
440:By 1966,
435:left-back
427:Rathcoole
377:in which
304:1972–1981
268:Relatives
118:In office
92:Long Kesh
90:Sands in
6198:Whittome
6183:C. Smith
6073:Ferranti
5983:Robinson
5878:F. Smith
5868:Harrison
5567:killings
3916:Weaponry
3890:Timeline
3451:cite web
3389:12 March
3359:15 March
3329:11 March
3299:12 March
3070:Archived
2993:Archived
2946:26 April
2882:Huffpost
2804:Archived
2699:26 April
2606:11 March
2530:15 March
2494:Archived
2455:18 March
2296:26 April
2223:11 March
2162:, p. 112
2130:cite web
2054:11 March
2017:BBC News
1729:Feehan,
1691:11 March
1581:26 April
1559:26 April
1554:BBC News
1534:26 April
1463:See also
1260:Bob Weir
1241:Éire Nua
1174:Standard
1083:, Cuba.
965:to hear
943:Die Welt
873:Milanese
832:Old Firm
717:. Sands
625:Tasmania
569:slop out
513:Dunmurry
431:football
404:Dunmurry
274:(sister)
260:Children
185:Dunmurry
151:Majority
35:reviewed
6258:Ireland
6232:Portals
6209:Carling
6178:Swinson
6173:Teather
6153:Kennedy
6143:Dorrell
6133:Dorrell
6083:Channon
6063:Kimball
6048:Woollam
6018:Jenkins
6003:Profumo
5948:Sweeney
5943:Stanley
5933:Esmonde
5928:Sassoon
5908:Turnour
5853:Dickson
5644:Ian Gow
4774:downing
4557:downing
4555:Gazelle
4348:downing
4346:Gazelle
4067:Actions
3854:General
3494:9 April
3441:21 June
3413:at the
3209:8 April
2887:8 April
2861:8 April
2677:8 April
2350:8 April
2210:3750951
2156:Carol,
1997:24 June
1920:Taylo,
1153:In the
1138:Israeli
1121:Elahieh
984:of the
930:Vierzon
926:Le Mans
890:In the
840:Rangers
836:Glasgow
804:Britain
758:coroner
533:bedding
416:Belfast
254:
246:
6203:Mather
6163:Leslie
6148:Carron
6123:MacKay
6118:Hayman
6113:Thomas
6108:Devlin
6053:Clarke
6033:Teevan
6013:Carson
5938:Whitty
5923:Wolmer
5888:Milton
5883:Curran
5525:NORAID
3380:
3350:
3320:
3290:
3232:
3166:25 May
3147:RTE.ie
3131:14 May
3052:Sands.
2977:
2721:25 May
2500:25 May
2403:
2397:Polity
2381:25 May
2318:26 May
2272:
2216:
2208:
1973:
1957:
1941:
1885:
1839:
1802:
1431:
1427:
1421:Family
1384:Hunger
1337:fans.
1097:Tehran
1081:Havana
980:, the
932:, and
918:Nantes
913:Pravda
894:, the
867:Europe
844:Celtic
773:martyr
686:, the
481:areas.
469:Fenian
389:as an
237:Spouse
6294:1980s
6193:Black
6168:Lammy
6138:Sands
6128:Alton
6093:Steel
6068:Cooke
6023:Baker
5958:Evans
5918:Mills
5893:Scott
2214:S2CID
2206:JSTOR
2114:(PDF)
1833:(PDF)
1429:March
1042:taffy
885:Paris
881:Ghent
737:Death
453:coach
340:Irish
248:(
244:
6188:Nash
6098:Ryan
6058:Kirk
6043:Eden
6038:Benn
6028:Benn
5978:Owen
5963:Rhys
5903:Rigg
5898:Hill
4772:Lynx
4488:Lynx
3487:for
3457:link
3443:2009
3391:2022
3378:ISBN
3361:2022
3348:ISBN
3331:2022
3318:ISBN
3301:2022
3288:ISBN
3230:ISBN
3211:2022
3168:2007
3133:2008
3106:"H3"
3092:link
3078:2019
3047:2015
3022:2015
2975:ISBN
2948:2010
2915:2015
2889:2022
2863:2022
2837:2007
2723:2007
2701:2010
2679:2022
2608:2022
2532:2022
2524:Time
2502:2007
2457:2022
2401:ISBN
2383:2007
2352:2022
2320:2007
2298:2010
2270:ISBN
2225:2022
2140:link
2136:link
2122:2013
2056:2022
1999:2017
1971:ISBN
1955:ISBN
1939:ISBN
1896:2015
1883:ISBN
1850:2022
1837:ISBN
1813:2015
1800:ISBN
1693:2022
1583:2010
1561:2010
1536:2010
1510:2014
1478:Cork
1331:UEFA
1299:and
1239:The
1144:The
1101:Iran
1090:Asia
976:The
971:Mass
900:Oslo
639:The
309:Unit
196:Died
168:Born
108:for
5973:Lee
2198:doi
1095:In
1068:In
830:At
631:).
358:in
37:on
6306::
5489:")
3485:MP
3453:}}
3449:{{
3197:.
3123:.
3088:}}
3084:{{
3068:.
3049:.
3024:.
2905:.
2880:.
2854:.
2823:.
2785:.
2781:.
2745:^
2669:.
2652:,
2598:.
2547:^
2522:.
2510:^
2488:.
2447:.
2411:^
2369:.
2342:.
2328:^
2264:.
2212:.
2204:.
2194:59
2192:.
2188:.
2132:}}
2128:{{
2046:.
2014:,
1989:.
1684:.
1552:.
1372:H3
1295:,
1291:,
1287:,
1283:,
1279:,
1275:,
1099:,
928:,
924:,
920:,
910:,
795:.
627:,
410:,
342::
250:m.
208:,
187:,
65:MP
33:,
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