Bodhidharma - Knowledge

5195:: "As for the "Yi Jin Jing" (Muscle Change Classic), a spurious text attributed to Bodhidharma and included in the legend of his transmitting martial arts at the temple, it was written in the Ming dynasty, in 1624, by the Daoist priest Zining of Mt. Tiantai, and falsely attributed to Bodhidharma. Forged prefaces, attributed to the Tang general Li Jing and the Southern Song general Niu Gao were written. They say that, after Bodhidharma faced the wall for nine years at Shaolin temple, he left behind an iron chest; when the monks opened this chest they found the two books "Xi Sui Jing" (Marrow Washing Classic) and "Yi Jin Jing" within. The first book was taken by his disciple Huike, and disappeared; as for the second, "the monks selfishly coveted it, practicing the skills therein, falling into heterodox ways, and losing the correct purpose of cultivating the Real. The Shaolin monks have made some fame for themselves through their fighting skill; this is all due to having obtained this manuscript." Based on this, Bodhidharma was claimed to be the ancestor of Shaolin martial arts. This manuscript is full of errors, absurdities and fantastic claims; it cannot be taken as a legitimate source." 3345:. Song asked Bodhidharma where he was going, to which Bodhidharma replied, "I am going home". When asked why he was holding his shoe, Bodhidharma answered, "You will know when you reach Shaolin monastery. Don't mention that you saw me or you will meet with disaster". After arriving at the palace, Song told the emperor that he met Bodhidharma on the way. The emperor said Bodhidharma was already dead and buried and had Song arrested for lying. At Shaolin Monastery, the monks informed them that Bodhidharma was dead and had been buried in a hill behind the temple. The grave was exhumed and was found to contain a single shoe. The monks then said, "Master has gone back home" and prostrated three times: "For nine years, he had remained and nobody knew him; Carrying a shoe in hand he went home quietly, without ceremony." 4506: 2316: 2685: 2761: 5209:, published as a series in a literary magazine in 1907. This story was quickly picked up by others and spread rapidly through publication in a popular contemporary boxing manual, Secrets of Shaolin Boxing Methods, and the first Chinese physical culture history published in 1919. As a result, it has enjoyed vast oral circulation and is one of the most "sacred" of the narratives shared within Chinese and Chinese-derived martial arts. That this story is clearly a twentieth-century invention is confirmed by writings going back at least 250 years earlier, which mention both Bodhidharma and martial arts but make no connection between the two. 684: 2537: 1777: 3091: 4352:, Bodhidharma is called a Persian. Given the ambiguity of geographical references in writings of this period, such a statement should not be taken too seriously." Dumoulin considers Tanlin's account of Bodhidharma being "the third son of a great Brahman king" to be a later addition, and finds the exact meaning of "South Indian Brahman stock" unclear: "And when Daoxuan speaks of origins from South Indian Brahman stock, it is not clear whether he is referring to roots in nobility or to India in general as the land of the Brahmans." 6599: 6414: 6782: 5476: 1701: 3207: 434: 9081: 14199: 11541: 11517: 696: 14210: 2879: 11608: 3256: 11595: 11585: 8135: 8330: 731: 2428: 2596:)—an official of one of the later Wei kingdoms—encountered Bodhidharma, who claimed to be returning to India and was carrying a single sandal. Bodhidharma predicted the death of Song Yun's ruler, a prediction which was borne out upon the latter's return. Bodhidharma's tomb was then opened, and only a single sandal was found inside. 2393:(Léngqié Shīzī Jì 楞伽師資記), which survives both in Chinese and in Tibetan translation (although the surviving Tibetan translation is apparently of older provenance than the surviving Chinese version), states that Bodhidharma is not the first ancestor of Zen, but instead the second. This text instead claims that 4355:

These Chinese sources lend themselves to make inferences about Bodhidharma's origins. "The third son of a Brahman king" has been speculated to mean "the third son of a Pallava king". Based on a specific pronunciation of the Chinese characters 香至 as Kang-zhi, meaning "fragrance extreme", Tsutomu Kambe

4330:

It is ultimately impossible to reconstruct any original or accurate biography of the man whose life serves as the original trace of his hagiography – where "trace" is a term from Jacques Derrida meaning the beginningless beginning of a phenomenon, the imagined, but always intellectually unattainable,

3013:

In contrast to the ineffectiveness of words, the sūtra instead stresses the importance of the "self-realization" that is "attained by noble wisdom" and, according to Suzuki, occurs "when one has an insight into reality as it is": "The truth is the state of self-realization and is beyond categories of

2356:

The Dharma Master was a South Indian of the Western Region. He was the third son of a great Indian king. His ambition lay in the Mahayana path, and so he put aside his white layman's robe for the black robe of a monk Lamenting the decline of the true teaching in the outlands, he subsequently crossed

3401:

These famous biographies were non-sectarian. The Ch'an biographical works, however, aimed to establish Ch'an as a legitimate school of Buddhism traceable to its Indian origins, and at the same time championed a particular form of Ch'an. Historical accuracy was of little concern to the compilers; old

5088:

languages (such as Sogdian or Bactrian), that were commonly spoken in most of Central Asia during his lifetime and, in using the more specific term "Persian", Xuànzhī likely erred. As Jorgensen has pointed out, the Sassanian realm contemporary to Bodhidharma was not Buddhist. Johnston supposes that

5026:

Broughton further notes: "The guide's Bodhidharma is an Iranian, not an Indian. There is, however, nothing implausible about an early sixth-century Iranian Buddhist master who made his way to North China via the fabled Silk Road. This scenario is, in fact, more likely than a South Indian master who

3406:

According to McRae, it is not clear that the practitioners surrounding Bodhidharma and his disciple Huike considered themselves as belonging to a unified movement or group, such as a "Chan school," nor did they have any sense of sharing any continuity with the later tradition. He says even the name

3022:

will become thoroughly conversant with the noble truth of self-realization, will become a perfect master of his own mind, will conduct himself without effort, will be like a gem reflecting a variety of colours, will be able to assume the body of transformation, will be able to enter into the subtle

3223:

Some Chinese myths and legends describe Bodhidharma as being disturbed by the poor physical shape of the Shaolin monks, after which, he instructed them in techniques to maintain their physical condition as well as teaching meditation. He is said to have taught a series of external exercises called

3008:

If, Mahamati, you say that because of the reality of words the objects are, this talk lacks in sense. Words are not known in all the Buddha-lands; words, Mahamati, are an artificial creation. In some Buddha-lands ideas are indicated by looking steadily, in others by gestures, in still others by a

5204:

Henning: "One of the most recently invented and familiar of the Shaolin historical narratives is a story that claims that the Indian monk Bodhidharma, the supposed founder of Chinese Chan (Zen) Buddhism, introduced boxing into the monastery as a form of exercise around a.d. 525. This story first

3113:

The biographical tradition is littered with apocryphal tales about Bodhidharma's life and circumstances. In one version of the story, he is said to have fallen asleep seven years into his nine years of wall-gazing. Becoming angry with himself, he cut off his eyelids to prevent it from happening

2298:

reflecting in the sun, the rays of light illuminating the surface of the clouds, the jewel-bells on the stupa blowing in the wind, the echoes reverberating beyond the heavens, he sang its praises. He exclaimed: "Truly this is the work of spirits." He said: "I am 150 years old, and I have passed

4747:天竺國菩提達摩禪師論). According to McRae, this text "might be taken as a guide to the teachings of early Ch'an. The text is probably relatively early, although its putative date of compilation or transcription, 681, is not reliable. Unfortunately, its contents do not lend themselves to precise dating." 2607:

near Luoyang and the Shaolin Monastery, where he "faced a wall for nine years, not speaking for the entire time", his date of death can have been no earlier than 536. Moreover, his encounter with the Wei official indicates a date of death no later than 554, three years before the fall of the

4335:

McRae's standpoint accords with Yanagida's standpoint: "Yanagida ascribes great historical value to the witness of the disciple Tanlin, but at the same time, acknowledges the presence of 'many puzzles in the biography of Bodhidharma'". Given the present state of the sources, he considers it

2475:

Secondly, more detail is provided concerning Bodhidharma's journeys. Tanlin's original is imprecise about Bodhidharma's travels, saying only that he "crossed distant mountains and seas" before arriving in Wei. Daoxuan's account, however, implies "a specific itinerary": "He first arrived at

3413:

contends that Chan's growth in popularity during the 7th and 8th centuries attracted criticism that it had "no authorized records of its direct transmission from the founder of Buddhism" and that Chan historians made Bodhidharma the 28th patriarch of Buddhism in response to such attacks.

2867:" (rtogs pa spangs te | lham mer gnas na). Broughton sees this as a curious divergence, as Tibetan translations of Chinese Chan texts are usually quite literal. He concludes that in early Tibet, "wall examining" did not refer to a literal practice of sitting cross-legged facing a wall. 2403:, is the first ancestor in the lineage. It further states that Bodhidharma was his student. The Tibetan translation is estimated to have been made in the late eighth or early ninth century, indicating that the original Chinese text was written at some point before that. 2833:

being ascribed to Bodhidharma. Exactly what sort of practice Bodhidharma's "wall-gazing" was remains uncertain. Nearly all accounts have treated it either as an undefined variety of meditation, as Daoxuan and Dumoulin, or as a variety of seated meditation akin to the

4339:

Several scholars have suggested that the composed image of Bodhidharma depended on the combination of supposed historical information on various historical figures over several centuries. Bodhidharma as a historical person may even never have actually existed.

3129:

The most popular account relates that Bodhidharma was admitted into the Shaolin temple after nine years in the cave and taught there for some time. However, other versions report that he "passed away, seated upright"; or that he disappeared, leaving behind the

2733:). The second entrance deals with four practices: (1) accepting all our sufferings as the fruit of past karma, (2) accept our circumstances with equanimity, (3) to be without craving, and (4) to let go of wrong thoughts and practice the six perfections. 4368:. According to Tsutomu Kambe, "Kanchi means 'a radiant jewel' or 'a luxury belt with jewels', and puram means a town or a state in the sense of earlier times. Thus, it is understood that the '香至-Kingdom' corresponds to the old capital 'Kanchipuram'." 4695:

features a descendant of Bodhidharma as a main character, with its plot centering on the ancient monk's legendary skills and knowledge. The film faced criticism for its historical inaccuracies, particularly regarding Bodhidharma's age upon entering

2503:, where he was interred by his disciple Dazu Huike, possibly in a cave. According to Daoxuan's chronology, Bodhidharma's death must have occurred prior to 534, the date of the Northern Wei's fall, because Dazu Huike subsequently leaves Luoyang for 4488:

The oldest available copy was published in 1827. The composition of the text itself has been dated to 1624. Even then, the association of Bodhidharma with martial arts only became widespread as a result of the 1904–1907 serialization of the novel

6432:

See Dani, AH, 'Some Early Buddhist Texts from Taxila and Peshawar Valley', Paper, Lahore SAS, 1983; and 'Short History of Pakistan' Vol 1, original 1967, rev ed 1992, and 'History of the Northern Areas of Pakistan' ed Lahore: Sang e Meel,

3628:

Eventually, these descriptions of the lineage evolved into a continuous lineage from Śākyamuni Buddha to Bodhidharma. The idea of a line of descent from Śākyamuni Buddha is the basis for the distinctive lineage tradition of Chan Buddhism.

4497:. According to Henning, the "story is clearly a twentieth-century invention," which "is confirmed by writings going back at least 250 years earlier, which mention both Bodhidharma and martial arts but make no connection between the two." 5075:. The Tibetan and Southeast traditions consistently regard Bodhidharma as South Indian, the former in particular characterising him as a dark-skinned Dravidian. Conversely, the Japanese tradition generally regards Bodhidharma as Persian. 3110:, Bodhidharma is said to have travelled to the Shaolin Monastery. After either being refused entry or being ejected after a short time, he lived in a nearby cave, where he "faced a wall for nine years, not speaking for the entire time". 4484:

has been discredited by some historians, including Tang Hao, Xu Zhen, and Matsuda Ryuchi. According to Lin Boyuan, "This manuscript is full of errors, absurdities, and fantastic claims; it cannot be taken as a legitimate source."

4331:

origin. Hence any such attempt by modern biographers to reconstruct a definitive account of Bodhidharma's life is both doomed to failure and potentially, no different in intent from the hagiographical efforts of premodern writers.

1643:, and is described as either a "Persian Central Asian" or a "South Indian the third son of a great Indian king." Later sources draw on these two sources, adding additional details, including a change to being descended from a 5182:(道元禅師), she is named as one of Bodhidharma's four Dharma heirs. Although the First Patriarch's line continued through another of the four, Dogen emphasizes that each of them had a complete understanding of the teaching. 8249: 2377:), the latter of whom would later figure very prominently in the Bodhidharma literature. Although Tanlin has traditionally been considered a disciple of Bodhidharma, it is more likely that he was a student of Huike. 4577:

In a short addendum from 1245 CE, the text refers to a motto attributed to Bodhidharma: "Bodhidharma coming from the west, unattached to any words, pointing directly to the mind of man, advocated seeing into one's

2644:), in which it is stated that Bodhidharma's original name had been Bodhitāra but was changed by his master Prajñātāra. The same account is given by the Japanese master Keizan's 13th-century work of the same title. 8353: 8348: 4406:, the mention of "Brahman king" acquires a nuance. Broughton notes that "king" implies that Bodhidharma was of a caste of warriors and rulers. Brahman is, in western contexts, easily understood as Brahmana or 2491:

Thirdly, Daoxuan suggests a date for Bodhidharma's arrival in China. He writes that Bodhidharma makes landfall in the time of the Song, thus making his arrival no later than the time of the Song's fall to the

5089:

Yáng Xuànzhī mistook the name of the south-Indian Pallava dynasty for the name of the Sassanian Pahlavi dynasty; however, Persian Buddhists did exist within the Sassanian realm, particularly in the formerly

3228:

and an internal practice called the Sinew Metamorphosis Classic. In addition, after his departure from the temple, two manuscripts by Bodhidharma were said to have been discovered inside the temple: the

4449:

Buswell dates Bodhidharma's abode in China approximately at the early 5th century. Broughton dates Bodhidharma's presence in Luoyang to between 516 and 526, when the temple referred to—Yongning Temple (

3422:

The earliest lineages described the lineage from Bodhidharma into the 5th to 7th generation of patriarchs. Various records of different authors are known, which give a variation of transmission lines:

2859:

There have also, however, been interpretations of "wall-gazing" as a non-meditative phenomenon. Jeffrey Broughton points out that where Bodhidharma's teachings appear in Tibetan translation among the

2299:

through numerous countries. There is virtually no country I have not visited. Even the distant Buddha-realms lack this." He chanted homage and placed his palms together in salutation for days on end.

6727: 6793: 6791: 6789: 6787: 6785: 5481: 5479: 2561:, thus establishing the latter as the 27th patriarch in India. After a three-year journey, Bodhidharma reached China in 527, during the Liang (as opposed to the Song in Daoxuan's text). The 6756: 2934:, handed it over to Huike, and said: "When I examine the land of China, it is clear that there is only this sutra. If you rely on it to practice, you will be able to cross over the world." 11330: 4709: 2710: 2344: 1084: 4463:

The idea that Bodhidharma founded martial arts at the Shaolin Temple was spread in the 20th century. However, martial arts historians have shown this legend stems from a 17th-century

2729:

According to this text, Bodhidharma taught two "entrances" to the Dharma. The first is a subitist teaching that directly apprehends the ultimate principle or true nature of reality (

4627:

in Takasaki every year, celebrating the city as the birthplace of the Daruma doll. Over 400,000 attendants come to purchase new dolls. The Japanese version of the children's game

8145: 4755:

Throughout the history of Chan, various other works became attributed to Bodhidharma and modern scholars have studied these as well, attempting to understand their provenance.

3311:. In his travels through the region, Bodhidharma is said to have transmitted his knowledge of the Mahayana doctrine and the martial arts. Malay legend holds that he introduced 7997: 7194: 4563:

A monk asked Zhaozhou, “What is the meaning of the ancestral teacher's (i.e., Bodhidharma's) coming from the west?" Zhaozhou said, "The cypress tree in front of the hall."

3394:, Daoyu and Dazu Huike are the only explicitly identified disciples of Bodhidharma. The epitaph gives a line of descent identifying Bodhidharma as the first patriarch. 8518: 2582:

states that Bodhidharma died at the age of 150. He was then buried on Mount Xiong'er (熊耳山), to the west of Luoyang. However, three years after the burial, in the

14265: 8815: 2962:) of Jingjue (淨覺; 683–750), also mentions Bodhidharma in relation to this text. Jingjue's account also makes explicit mention of "sitting meditation" or zazen: 216: 7560: 2825:, the absence of self and other, the oneness of mortal and sage, and who remain unmoved even by scriptures are in complete and unspoken agreement with reason. 7632: 328: 7141: 4708:

Modern scholars, such as the Japanese scholar of early Chan, Yanagida Seizan, agree that only one extant text can be attributed to Bodhidharma. This is the

4433:

Bodhidharma's name appears sometimes truncated as Bodhi, or more often as Dharma (Ta-mo). In the first case, it may be confused with another of his rivals,

3053:

Emperor Wu: "How much karmic merit have I earned for ordaining Buddhist monks, building monasteries, having sutras copied, and commissioning Buddha images?"

9021: 8855: 7865: 7545: 7235: 2484:. From there, he turned north and came to the Kingdom of Wei" This implies that Bodhidharma had travelled to China by sea and that he had crossed over the 12349: 6719: 3023:

minds of all beings, and, because of his firm belief in the truth of Mind-only, will, by gradually ascending the stages, become established in Buddhahood.

8214: 6672: 2508: 13264: 11739: 8845: 8810: 5595: 4455:), was at the height of its glory. Starting in 526, Yǒngníngsì suffered damage from a series of events, ultimately leading to its destruction in 534. 14315: 2829:

Daoxuan states, "the merits of Mahāyāna wall-gazing are the highest". These are the first mentions in the historical record of what may be a type of

2652:

Several contemporary popular traditions also exist regarding Bodhidharma's origins. An Indian tradition regards Bodhidharma to be the third son of a

1114: 3175:

Dao Fu stepped forward and said, "It is not bound by words and phrases, nor is it separate from words and phrases. This is the function of the Tao."

2856:) that later became a defining characteristic of Chan. The latter interpretation is particularly common among those working from a Chan standpoint. 1050: 8830: 8825: 584:

Little contemporary biographical information on Bodhidharma is extant, and subsequent accounts became layered with legend and unreliable details.

13268: 11118: 6748: 2863:, the Chinese phrase "in a coagulated state abides in wall-examining" (ning chu pi-kuan) is replaced in Tibetan with "rejects discrimination and 6303:

John McRae, Seeing through Zen: Encounter, Transformation, and Genealogy in Chinese Chan Buddhism, page 15, University of California Press, 2003

1660:

was a historical name specified in the Chinese chronicles between the 3rd century BC to the 8th century AD that referred to the regions west of

1070: 13492: 5540: 8523: 8508: 7946: 3179:

The nun Zong Chi stepped up and said, "It is like a glorious glimpse of the realm of Akshobhya Buddha. Seen once, it need not be seen again."

5005:"ho came from South India in the Western Regions, the third son of a great Brahman king" c.q. "the third son of a Brahman of South India" ( 3168:(景德传灯录) of Daoyuan, presented to the emperor in 1004, records that Bodhidharma wished to return to India and called together his disciples: 11709: 8835: 6642: 2974:

In other early texts, the school that would later become known as Chan Buddhism is sometimes referred to as the "Laṅkāvatāra school" (楞伽宗

10457: 8503: 7703: 5169:景德传灯录 the first `bhikṣuni` mentioned in the Chán literature was a disciple of the First Chan Patriarch, Bodhidharma, known as Zōngzhǐ 宗旨 4314:

Bodhidharma has been the subject of critical scientific research, which has shed new light on the traditional stories about Bodhidharma.

348: 4832:

text" according to Yanagida, which discusses the teaching that "does not posit words," and "seeing the nature and achieving buddhahood."

11817: 8513: 8254: 7098: 4863:

s disdain for words and whose second two verses stress the importance of the insight into reality achieved through "self-realization":

2237: 11552: 2726:

is the only extant work that can be attributed to Bodhidharma and as such, this is the main source for our knowledge of his teaching.

11574: 11444: 8820: 6694: 1639:

There are two known extant accounts written by contemporaries of Bodhidharma. According to these sources, Bodhidharma came from the

14255: 9014: 8840: 7323: 4909: 4650: 3183:

Dao Yu said, "The four elements are all empty. The five skandhas are without actual existence. Not a single dharma can be grasped."

3009:

frown, by the movement of the eyes, by laughing, by yawning, or by the clearing of the throat, or by recollection, or by trembling.

2307:

capable of mystical feats. This may have played a role in his subsequent association with the martial arts and esoteric knowledge.

7989: 7789:

Chan. A Historical Sketch. In: Buddhist Spirituality. Later China, Korea, Japan and the Modern World; edited by Takeuchi Yoshinori

7613: 7502:

Two Zen Classics. Mumonkan, The Gateless Gate. Hekiganroku, The Blue Cliff Records. Translated with commentaries by Katsuki Sekida

4371:

Acharya Raghu, in his work 'Bodhidharma Retold', used a combination of multiple factors to identify Bodhidharma from the state of

14084: 13536: 9791: 8207: 7975: 7904: 6916: 5605: 3032:

Several stories about Bodhidharma have become popular legends, which are still being used in the Ch'an, Seon, and Zen-tradition.

2303:

The account of Bodhidharma in the Luoyan Record does not particularly associate him with meditation, but rather depicts him as a

8019: 13739: 11719: 7691:

Chotscho: Facsimile-Wiedergaben der Wichtigeren Funde der Ersten Königlich Preussischen Expedition nach Turfan in Ost-Turkistan

5579: 2128: 1626: 7272: 14250: 14240: 8118: 7838: 7539: 7518: 7479: 7432: 7184: 7071: 7050: 6967: 6572: 5626: 4678:) adapted the legends of Bodhidharma's life into a martial arts drama film, partly inspired by the master's association with 4441:

Tibetan sources give his name as "Bodhidharmottara" or "Dharmottara", that is, "Highest teaching (dharma) of enlightenment".

4326:

which served the needs of Chan Buddhism. According to him, it is not possible to write an accurate biography of Bodhidharma:

3397:

In the 6th century, the biographies of famous monks were collected. From this genre, the typical Chan lineage was developed:

3152:, who had kept vigil for weeks in the deep snow outside of the monastery, cut off his own left arm to demonstrate sincerity. 7919: 7408: 7077: 5946:

Jeffrey Broughton, The Bodhidharma Anthology: The Earliest Records of Zen, pages 67-68, University of California Press, 1999

14295: 11902: 11744: 7195:"A Mathematic Expression of Art: Sino-Iranian and Uighur Textile Interactions and the Turfan Textile Collection in Berlin" 2993:

that does away with all duality and is raised above all distinctions". It is among the first and most important texts for

14285: 14079: 9007: 3194:

Bodhidharma passed on the symbolic robe and bowl of dharma succession to Dazu Huike and, some texts claim, a copy of the

2557:) of 952, the elements of the traditional Bodhidharma story are in place. Bodhidharma is said to have been a disciple of 1816: 8148:

By Bodhidharma, with annotations. Also known as "The Outline of Practice." translated by Chung Tai Translation Committee

5937:

Jeffrey Broughton, The Bodhidharma Anthology: The Earliest Records of Zen, page 67, University of California Press, 1999

4505: 13976: 13526: 11621: 8200: 6852: 4893: 2507:. Furthermore, citing the shore of the Luo River as the place of death might possibly suggest that Bodhidharma died in 2499:

Finally, Daoxuan provides information concerning Bodhidharma's death. Bodhidharma, he writes, died at the banks of the

1806: 1094: 11822: 10713: 10487: 8100: 8080: 7778: 7757: 7739: 7670: 7593: 7461: 7381: 7262: 7164: 6906: 6888: 6870: 5648: 4390:

speculated that according to popular accounts in Pakistan's northwest, Bodhidharma may be from the region around the

2549: 1729: 1545: 1109: 662: 14069: 5094: 5085: 4988: 2418:

The teacher of the Dharma, who came from South India in the Western Regions, the third son of a great Brahman king."

2291: 14305: 14260: 13754: 13499: 10508: 7569: 5157:

Various names are given for this nun. Zōngzhǐ is also known by her title Soji, and by Myoren, her nun name. In the

4348:

Dumoulin comments on the three principal sources. The Persian heritage is doubtful, according to Dumoulin: "In the

1776: 7641: 4856:

One of the fundamental Chán texts attributed to Bodhidharma is a four-line stanza whose first two verses echo the

14270: 14245: 14146: 14136: 11965: 7113: 666:(952) identifies Bodhidharma as the 28th Patriarch of Buddhism in an uninterrupted line that extends back to the 8042: 7872: 7529: 639:

The accounts also differ on the date of his arrival, with one early account claiming that he arrived during the

14300: 14280: 14275: 14091: 13744: 13546: 13437: 13382: 11955: 8553: 8543: 8358: 5467: 4429:

Bodhidharma is associated with several other names, and is also known by the name Bodhitara. Faure notes that:

2945: 2361:

Tanlin's account was the first to mention that Bodhidharma attracted disciples, specifically mentioning Daoyu (

2258: 2230: 1709: 1099: 1065: 388: 5976: 4668:

and was the first South Korean film to release theatrically in the United States. In 1994, the Hong Kong film

14310: 14061: 13759: 13442: 11734: 11567: 11017: 10760: 9588: 6664: 2668:

and renounced royal life to become a monk. The Tibetan version similarly characterises him as a dark-skinned

2194: 1680:). Sometimes, it was used more generally to refer to other regions to the west of China as well, such as the 283: 9683: 2684: 2399: 1045: 656: 13644: 13516: 13487: 13189: 11390: 11081: 10492: 10462: 8139: 2709:. According to modern scholars, like the Japanese scholar of Chan Yanagida Seizan, generally hold that the 2294:. He traveled from the wild borderlands to China. Seeing the golden disks on the pole on top of Yǒngníng's 1010: 13335: 13244: 12714: 12359: 11872: 11767: 11086: 9109: 8373: 2970:, which are collected in a volume of twelve or thirteen pages bearing the title of "Teaching of Dharma". 2464:

Firstly, Daoxuan adds more detail concerning Bodhidharma's origins, writing that he was of "South Indian

1789: 896: 12879: 10291: 9708: 3646:, Bodhidharma was the 28th Patriarch of Chan, in a line of descent from Gautama Buddha via his disciple 2315: 1089: 636:

Aside from the Chinese accounts, several popular traditions also exist regarding Bodhidharma's origins.

14290: 14184: 13664: 13140: 12626: 11749: 11582: 11150: 10970: 10708: 9030: 2966:

For all those who sat in meditation, Master Bodhi also offered expositions of the main portions of the

1760: 1619: 13074: 10363: 8244: 7094:

Hand-book of Chinese Buddhism: Being a Sanskrit-Chinese Dictionary with Vocabularies of Buddhist terms

5589: 4422:

According to tradition, Bodhidharma was given this name by his teacher, known variously as Panyatara,

1460: 14074: 13887: 13877: 13749: 12732: 12312: 12073: 12048: 10832: 8973: 4922: 4665: 2660:. This is consistent with the Southeast Asian traditions which also describe Bodhidharma as a former 2223: 2082: 1834: 12098: 8765: 5560: 4540: 14235: 14179: 13531: 13345: 13323: 13316: 13219: 12752: 12372: 12188: 12133: 11754: 11560: 10755: 9657: 9636: 9227: 8548: 2994: 2891: 2672:

from South India. Conversely, the Japanese tradition generally regards Bodhidharma as a red-haired

2626: 2072: 1796: 1705: 1573: 1222: 819: 782: 9754: 7938: 3218: 2077: 1568: 14320: 14116: 14096: 13427: 13407: 13164: 12894: 12138: 11229: 10353: 4898: 4624: 2760: 1540: 1450: 1445: 9759: 8628: 8458: 6650: 3402:

legends were repeated, new stories were invented and reiterated until they, too, became legends.

2110: 14126: 13966: 13634: 13604: 13377: 13328: 13169: 13117: 13112: 12874: 12695: 12592: 12344: 12339: 12088: 11528: 10852: 10745: 10400: 8428: 7658: 7628: 7603: 6564: 4798: 2518: 2461:) possibly drew on Tanlin's preface as a basic source, but made several significant additions: 2105: 1737: 1513: 1172: 1132: 990: 809: 612: 531:

who lived during the 5th or 6th century CE. He is traditionally credited as the transmitter of

12456: 10934: 10924: 10395: 8463: 7689: 2926:, has the sūtra as a basic and important element of the teachings passed down by Bodhidharma: 1465: 1157: 14325: 14131: 14101: 13682: 13614: 13447: 13362: 13357: 13281: 13276: 13194: 11724: 11102: 11044: 10822: 10637: 10244: 7304:

Henning, Stan; Green, Tom (2001), "Folklore in the Martial Arts", in Green, Thomas A. (ed.),

7040: 5165:, possibly identifying the two with each other. Heng-Ching Shih states that according to the 4403: 3634: 3225: 1612: 1187: 12747: 10368: 8433: 7092: 1924: 1455: 14154: 14121: 14106: 13624: 13521: 13467: 13352: 13291: 13259: 13254: 13239: 13224: 13214: 13179: 13092: 12784: 12707: 12010: 11950: 11699: 11666: 11616: 11365: 10893: 10672: 10467: 9184: 8483: 4289: 3838: 2860: 1811: 939: 13994: 12609: 12478: 12404: 12280: 12018: 9250: 8568: 8423: 3018:, the sūtra goes on to outline the ultimate effects of an experience of self-realization: 1162: 8: 13961: 13840: 13674: 13649: 13639: 13599: 13576: 13459: 13432: 13392: 13311: 13301: 13229: 13156: 12587: 12444: 12225: 12203: 12155: 11975: 11775: 11631: 11611: 11234: 10986: 10965: 10817: 10786: 10249: 9214: 8935: 8930: 8563: 6698: 3045: 2989:, is a highly "difficult and obscure" text whose basic thrust is to emphasize "the inner 2830: 2566: 2338:

The second account was written by Tanlin (曇林; 506–574). Tanlin's brief biography of the "

2087: 1686: 1681: 1530: 1177: 596: 446: 403: 129: 11935: 11862: 11404: 9245: 9129: 8780: 8573: 8398: 7332: 3710: 3647: 3095: 3055:

Bodhidharma: "None. Good deeds done with worldly intent bring good karma, but no merit."

2922:. Daoxuan, for example, in a late recension of his biography of Bodhidharma's successor 611:, Bodhidharma is depicted as an ill-tempered, large-nosed, profusely-bearded, wide-eyed 14024: 13929: 13771: 13734: 13729: 13659: 13609: 13556: 13551: 13422: 13417: 13412: 13402: 13387: 13372: 13367: 13306: 13286: 13249: 13174: 12979: 12680: 12604: 12482: 12424: 12265: 12165: 12093: 12068: 11714: 11644: 11535: 11471: 11239: 10914: 10872: 10477: 9962: 9553: 9532: 9144: 9119: 8958: 8795: 8176: 7813: 7681:

China and her neighbours, from ancient times to the Middle Ages: a collection of essays

7607: 7229: 7133: 6936: 3359: 2883: 2702: 2504: 2348:, a text traditionally attributed to Bodhidharma and the first text to identify him as 2176: 2067: 1884: 1598: 1535: 959: 540: 13823: 11372: 10791: 9070: 8239: 7967: 7896: 7586:: A Study in the Ontology and Epistemology of the Yogācāra School of Mahāyāna Buddhism 6944: 5986: 14202: 14164: 13860: 13845: 13808: 13793: 13566: 13482: 13397: 13234: 13199: 13184: 12911: 12901: 12582: 12429: 12414: 12285: 12208: 12128: 12063: 11995: 11882: 11639: 11487: 11076: 10837: 9882: 9698: 9581: 9546: 9318: 9278: 9255: 9164: 8988: 8983: 8690: 8618: 8578: 8151: 8114: 8111:

Seeing Through Zen. Encounter, Transformation, and Genealogy in Chinese Chan Buddhism

8096: 8090: 8076: 8027: 7834: 7774: 7753: 7735: 7666: 7589: 7535: 7514: 7475: 7457: 7451: 7443:

Seeing through Zen: Encounter, Transformation, and Genealogy in Chinese Chan Buddhism

7428: 7425:

Seeing Through Zen. Encounter, Transformation, and Genealogy in Chinese Chan Buddhism

7377: 7287: 7258: 7210: 7180: 7174: 7160: 7137: 7067: 7046: 7028: 7017: 6963: 6902: 6884: 6866: 6848: 6568: 5644: 5622: 5463: 5052: 5044: 4998:" South Indian of the Western Region. He was the third son of a great Indian king." ( 4550: 3173:

Bodhidharma asked, "Can each of you say something to demonstrate your understanding?"

3115: 3078: 2500: 2349: 1713: 1340: 1296: 1217: 1060: 1040: 683: 552: 140: 47: 13146: 11940: 11840: 10740: 10223: 9448: 9240: 9104: 8314: 7922:. Translated by Anzan Hoshin; Joshu Dainen. White Wind Zen Community. Archived from 4477:, from which the monks obtained the fighting skills which made them gain some fame. 3090: 2357:

distant mountains and seas, traveling about propagating the teaching in Han and Wei.

1492: 1386: 857: 13850: 13803: 13798: 13654: 13619: 13594: 13589: 13340: 13296: 13209: 12884: 12540: 12533: 12317: 12307: 12193: 11857: 11729: 11502: 11060: 10960: 10847: 10776: 10348: 10218: 10002: 9997: 9987: 9917: 9897: 9892: 9867: 9703: 9134: 8403: 8383: 8169: 7805: 7695: 7202: 7125: 7007: 6928: 5857: 5552: 5132: 4888: 4387: 3099: 2939: 2903: 2899: 2839: 2793: 2481: 2389: 2323: 2199: 2171: 1959: 1919: 1768: 1749: 1588: 1321: 640: 616: 375: 309: 298: 257: 69: 58: 12929: 10547: 10343: 7012: 3943: 3148:

In one legend, Bodhidharma refused to resume teaching until his would-be student,

2536: 14214: 14159: 14111: 14039: 13909: 13707: 13687: 13629: 13541: 13204: 13102: 12949: 12685: 12668: 12653: 12631: 12183: 12053: 11887: 11867: 11001: 10929: 10919: 10857: 10842: 10807: 10405: 10239: 10202: 10012: 9992: 9967: 9942: 9927: 9857: 9842: 9270: 9124: 8770: 8700: 8613: 8493: 8478: 8408: 8378: 7923: 7400: 7061: 7036: 5068: 4686: 4679: 4301: 4283: 3643: 3342: 2986: 2653: 2583: 2287: 2279: 2204: 1854: 1839: 1656: 1640: 1482: 1227: 1152: 934: 695: 588: 340: 242: 183: 116: 12959: 12113: 12103: 9662: 2447:

In the 7th-century historical work "Further Biographies of Eminent Monks" (續高僧傳

1700: 906: 14169: 13872: 13722: 13504: 13084: 13064: 12984: 12673: 12663: 12597: 12434: 11920: 11783: 11397: 11337: 10888: 10827: 10482: 10441: 10436: 10270: 10254: 10135: 10078: 10007: 9957: 9937: 9678: 9498: 9415: 9323: 8775: 8643: 8638: 8633: 8319: 7488: 5809: 5090: 4781: 4700:. The controversy led to hunger strikes among Indian followers of Bodhidharma. 4683: 4628: 4372: 3272: 3206: 2792:). Both Tanlin and Daoxuan associate this "wall-gazing" with "quieting mind" ( 2765: 2673: 2541: 2394: 1979: 1974: 1725: 1550: 1487: 1345: 1311: 1266: 1104: 1028: 995: 891: 667: 556: 414: 320: 197: 169: 105: 10296: 8593: 8413: 5556: 4879:

The stanza, in fact, is not Bodhidharma's, but rather dates to the year 1108.

4426:, or Prajñādhara. His name prior to monkhood is said to have been Jayavarman. 4394:

valley, or possibly around modern Afghanistan's eastern border with Pakistan.

4375:

in South India, specifically to the geography around Mt. Sailum or modern day

651:(386–534 CE). Modern scholarship dates him to about the early 5th century CE. 14229: 13939: 13788: 13097: 12999: 12857: 12658: 12636: 12572: 12243: 12038: 12033: 11925: 11594: 10955: 10867: 10687: 10568: 10472: 10415: 10275: 10197: 10177: 10043: 9982: 9977: 9947: 9932: 9912: 9907: 9902: 9872: 9852: 9688: 9652: 9616: 9352: 9308: 9219: 9174: 9060: 8999: 8953: 8910: 8885: 8745: 8675: 8558: 8289: 8274: 7766: 7214: 7206: 7021: 4815: 4670: 4661: 4579: 3569: 3563: 3557: 3551: 3377: 3341:

of northern Wei is said to have seen him walking while holding a shoe at the

3260: 2907: 2749: 2730: 2062: 2052: 2029: 1964: 1949: 1801: 1326: 1316: 1301: 1291: 1286: 1261: 1197: 1167: 1142: 1000: 929: 814: 750: 644: 532: 485: 357: 228: 12397: 12387: 11759: 11292: 9360: 8192: 5848:

McRae, John R. (1993). "Yanagida Seizan's Landmark Works on Chinese Ch'an".

4728:" that also includes teachings from some of Bodhidharma's students, such as 2569:, which was first recorded around 758 in the appendix to a text by Shenhui ( 1015: 433: 14029: 14014: 13984: 13934: 13924: 13766: 13561: 13054: 12889: 12767: 12555: 12550: 12377: 12248: 12123: 11584: 11521: 11497: 10996: 10812: 10750: 10610: 10594: 10589: 10522: 10431: 10410: 10192: 10161: 10017: 9972: 9952: 9922: 9877: 9626: 9574: 9511: 9410: 8680: 8670: 8598: 8418: 8279: 7032: 5861: 5856:(Numéro spécial sur le Chan/Zen: En l'honneur de Yanagida Seizan): 51–103. 5065: 5048: 4555: 3410: 3326: 3210: 2769: 2745: 2440: 2319: 2269: 2156: 1994: 1969: 1745: 1665: 1477: 1401: 1306: 1212: 758: 706: 648: 608: 604: 592: 92: 12812: 12797: 12757: 12454: 12118: 11694: 11302: 9313: 8583: 6994:

Dumoulin, Heinrich (1993), "Early Chinese Zen Reexamined: A Supplement to

3329:

who travelled extensively to Tibet and China spreading tantric teachings.

13999: 13828: 12954: 12737: 12545: 12473: 12253: 12083: 11985: 11832: 11704: 11344: 10991: 10939: 10898: 10658: 10653: 10182: 10083: 9847: 9693: 9621: 9154: 9139: 9089: 8650: 8448: 8438: 8338: 7804:(1), Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 107, No. 1: 125–126, 7394:, Studies in East Asian Buddhism, vol. 3, University of Hawaii Press 6555: 5072: 5040: 4903: 4640: 4594: 4509: 4357: 4323: 3880: 3367: 3187:

Finally, Huike came forth, bowed deeply in silence and stood up straight.

3137: 3107: 2661: 2657: 2609: 2493: 2304: 2166: 2161: 2146: 2019: 1934: 1673: 1192: 1182: 1147: 1055: 985: 874: 766: 13989: 12449: 10542: 10358: 9539: 9080: 9055: 8304: 8269: 7201:. Vol. 1. Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg. pp. 134–163. 13944: 13902: 13778: 13584: 13509: 13123: 13107: 13069: 13049: 12944: 12919: 12827: 12762: 12742: 12488: 12419: 12290: 12173: 12143: 12078: 12028: 11686: 11676: 11649: 11422: 11297: 11213: 10692: 10322: 9862: 9837: 9780: 9734: 9729: 9438: 9260: 9189: 9050: 8468: 8309: 8259: 8229: 7718: 7679:

Tikhvinskiĭ, Sergeĭ Leonidovich; Perelomov, Leonard Sergeevich (1981).

6940: 4916: 4829: 4807: 4797:, according to Yanagida, this is a later reformulation of ideas of the 4794: 4766: 4729: 4715: 4691: 4583: 4517: 4469: 4423: 4361: 4254: 4232: 4130: 3276: 3264: 3231: 3149: 3136:; or that his legs atrophied after nine years of sitting, which is why 3132: 3114:

again. According to the legend, as his eyelids hit the floor the first

2923: 2736:

According to Yanagida Seizan, the first "entrance of principle", was a

2720: 2716: 2635: 2604: 2558: 2436: 2368: 2151: 1989: 1954: 1929: 1859: 1721: 1661: 1433: 1281: 1137: 980: 944: 879: 852: 647:(502–557 CE). Bodhidharma was primarily active in the territory of the 548: 544: 500: 458: 12964: 11960: 11271: 8603: 8299: 7817: 7699: 7511:

The Shaolin Monastery: history, religion, and the Chinese martial arts

7313:

Jorgensen, John (2000), "Bodhidharma", in Johnston, William M. (ed.),

6390: 5909: 5907: 5379: 5377: 5375: 5373: 2918:

There are early texts which explicitly associate Bodhidharma with the

2310: 862: 587:

According to the principal Chinese sources, Bodhidharma came from the

13919: 13892: 13059: 12934: 12646: 12562: 12439: 12329: 12302: 12295: 12258: 12215: 12178: 11945: 11910: 11877: 11852: 11807: 11492: 11358: 11166: 10862: 10563: 10317: 10130: 10109: 10073: 10068: 10063: 10058: 9724: 9631: 9433: 9235: 9194: 9114: 9065: 8895: 8725: 8623: 8588: 8498: 8388: 8368: 8294: 8284: 8264: 6815: 5360: 5358: 5356: 5354: 5352: 5350: 5270: 5268: 5266: 5264: 5249: 4928: 4840: 4513: 4434: 4376: 3985: 3754: 3322: 3284: 3280: 3122:

would provide a stimulant to help keep students of Chan awake during

3014:

discrimination". According to Suzuki, reflecting his own emphasis on

2878: 2665: 2014: 1669: 1668:

or sometimes, more specifically, the easternmost portion of it (e.g.

1502: 1497: 1418: 1369: 1202: 847: 774: 208: 13692: 12528: 12382: 12148: 11930: 11799: 11791: 9744: 9458: 8880: 8790: 8665: 6932: 6803: 3325:

tradition links Bodhidharma with the 11th-century south Indian monk

2624:, the only dated addition to the biography of Bodhidharma is in the 2435:

points directly to the human heart, see into your nature and become

1693: 1005: 824: 654:

Bodhidharma's teachings and practice centered on meditation and the

14209: 14049: 14004: 13949: 13914: 13818: 13477: 13044: 13039: 12989: 12924: 12842: 12807: 12802: 12463: 12334: 12322: 12233: 11892: 11589: 11351: 11331:

Long Scroll of the Treatise on the Two Entrances and Four Practices

11276: 11266: 10781: 10187: 10140: 10048: 9804: 9739: 9493: 9293: 9179: 9099: 8948: 8900: 8850: 8785: 8735: 8655: 8473: 8393: 8160: 8047: 7809: 7129: 6402: 6136: 5964: 5904: 5643:. Vol. 1. New York: MacMillan Reference USA. pp. 214–18. 5567: 5370: 5136: 4844: 4736: 4602: 4391: 4383: 4007: 3776: 3388:

Long Scroll of the Treatise on the Two Entrances and Four Practices

3338: 3300: 3255: 2887: 2741: 2737: 2698: 2587: 2422: 2345:

Long Scroll of the Treatise on the Two Entrances and Four Practices

2024: 1984: 1889: 1874: 1864: 1844: 1717: 1677: 1648: 1507: 901: 834: 600: 578: 475: 268: 13034: 13024: 13009: 12832: 12702: 11970: 11208: 10573: 10537: 10156: 9478: 9468: 9453: 8359:

Twelve Bodhisattvas of Perfect Enlightenment (Shí'èr Yuánjué Púsà)

5347: 5261: 5191:

This argument is summarized by modern historian Lin Boyuan in his

5179: 2380: 1406: 1391: 1207: 13954: 13897: 13882: 13029: 13019: 12994: 12869: 12864: 12822: 12792: 12724: 12690: 12577: 12518: 12513: 12367: 12270: 12108: 12058: 11845: 11671: 11466: 10104: 10053: 9887: 9799: 9525: 9488: 9473: 9288: 9040: 8963: 8925: 8915: 8730: 8695: 8685: 8660: 8363: 8020:"WOMEN IN ZEN BUDDHISM: Chinese Bhiksunis in the Ch'an Tradition" 7401:"The Antecedents of Encounter Dialogue in Chinese Ch'an Buddhism" 7280:

Journal of the Chenstyle Taijiquan Research Association of Hawaii

6962:, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press, 5892: 5178:

In the Shōbōgenzō 正法眼蔵 chapter called Katto ("Twining Vines") by

5064:

An Indian tradition regards Bodhidharma to be the third son of a

5016: 4473:. The preface of this work says that Bodhidharma left behind the 4407: 3589: 3363: 3288: 2911: 2781: 2669: 2578:

Finally, as opposed to Daoxuan's figure of "over 180 years," the

2485: 2465: 2452: 2253: 2057: 2034: 2009: 1944: 1909: 1899: 1894: 1879: 1583: 1276: 1271: 975: 954: 949: 804: 528: 442: 158: 12641: 12409: 11187: 8705: 6237: 4656: 4530:

tradition, Bodhidharma is mentioned as a significant figure. In

4526: 4336:

impossible to compile a reliable account of Bodhidharma's life.

3073: 3063:

Bodhidharma: "There is no noble truth, there is only emptiness."

2788:, mentions a practice of Bodhidharma's termed "wall-gazing" (壁觀 2740:

teaching which derives from the sudden enlightenment thought of

2406:

Tanlin's preface has also been preserved in Jingjue's (683–750)

730: 14034: 14019: 13855: 13717: 13697: 13472: 13134: 13014: 13004: 12939: 12567: 12523: 12508: 12498: 12468: 12392: 12275: 12043: 11915: 11659: 11654: 11461: 11203: 10327: 9749: 9518: 9333: 9303: 9298: 9283: 9265: 8978: 8968: 8920: 8905: 8870: 8740: 8720: 8715: 8608: 8134: 6537: 6535: 5227: 5225: 4948:

There are three principal sources for Bodhidharma's biography:

4814:, according to Yanagida, this is a treatise by a member of the 4464: 4322:

According to John McRae, Bodhidharma has been the subject of a

4295: 3732: 3308: 3015: 3004:

is a lack of reliance on words to effectively express reality:

2953: 2930:

In the beginning, Dhyana Master Bodhidharma took the four-roll

2847: 2801: 2477: 2339: 2327: 1914: 1849: 1741: 1733: 1593: 1578: 1428: 1396: 1364: 964: 829: 624: 569: 6960:

Fathering Your Father: The Zen of Fabrication in Tang Buddhism

14174: 14009: 13867: 13833: 13813: 13783: 13712: 13129: 12974: 12852: 12847: 12817: 12772: 12619: 12614: 12493: 12198: 12023: 11990: 11980: 11171: 11145: 10312: 10125: 10099: 10038: 10033: 9775: 9483: 9463: 9204: 9169: 8860: 8805: 8755: 8710: 8533: 8488: 8329: 8184: 7392:

The Northern School and the Formation of Early Chʻan Buddhism

6665:"Festival de Cannes: Why Has Bodhi-Dharma Left for the East?" 6225: 4697: 4598: 4531: 4365: 3654:

Mahakashyapa was the first, leading the line of transmission;

3316: 3304: 3123: 3058: 2990: 2835: 2706: 2521:

stating that a Buddhist monk was among the victims at Héyīn.

2427: 2295: 2004: 1999: 1904: 1869: 1423: 1381: 1359: 924: 574: 536: 7325:

Bodhidharma. A collection of stories from Chinese literature

6532: 6342: 5293: 5291: 5289: 5287: 5285: 5283: 5222: 3094:

Dazu Huike offering his arm to Bodhidharma. Ink painting by

2941:

Record of the Masters and Disciples of the Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra

248: 14044: 12837: 12503: 12000: 9809: 9785: 6460: 6213: 6191: 6189: 6187: 5522: 5520: 5434: 4962:(6th century CE), which is also preserved in Ching-chüeh's 3407:"proto-Chan" is not really reflective of their activities. 3312: 3296: 3292: 2603:, Bodhidharma left the Liang court in 527 and relocated to 2414:

Masters", which dates from 713 to 716./ca. 715 He writes,

2209: 970: 6496: 6436: 5954: 5952: 5919: 5880: 5706: 5704: 5401: 5389: 5161:, Dharani repeats the words said by the nun Yuanji in the 3000:

According to Suzuki, one of the recurrent emphases in the

643:(420–479 CE) and later accounts dating his arrival to the 13702: 12238: 9611: 9597: 6484: 6201: 6160: 5735: 5733: 5731: 5664: 5662: 5660: 5280: 3623: 3451:

History of Masters and Disciples of the Laṅkāvatāra-Sūtra

3119: 2517:) in 528. Supporting this possibility is a report in the 2432: 745: 720: 7796:

Zvelebil, Kamil V. (1987), "The Sound of the One Hand",

6472: 6378: 6285: 6184: 6172: 6148: 6093: 6091: 6076: 5774: 5716: 5517: 5316: 5314: 5312: 5310: 5308: 5306: 5148:

Daoxuan records that Huìkě's arm was cut off by bandits.

5115:

offers a more literal rendering of the key phrase 凝住壁觀 (

5084:

Bodhidharma's first language was likely one of the many

4593:

Bodhidharma's image became the inspiration for Japanese

4516:

of Bodhidharma, carved by Hidemasa, early 19th century (

2431:

This Japanese scroll calligraphy of Bodhidharma reads, "

7157:

Zen's Chinese Heritage: The Masters and their Teachings

6978:

Transmitting the Light: Zen Master's Keizan's Denkoroku

6028: 5949: 5701: 5674: 5541:"The Genealogy of the Pallavas: From Brahmins to Kings" 5119:) as " in a coagulated state abides in wall-examining". 3658:

The Lamp was then brought over the sea to this country;

9566: 8073:

The Bodhidharma Anthology: The Earliest Records of Zen

6863:

The Bodhidharma Anthology: The Earliest Records of Zen

6587: 6273: 6261: 6064: 6016: 5868: 5728: 5657: 4984:

The origins which are mentioned in these sources are:

4828:), this is a "post-Platform Sutra and immediately pre- 4317: 2322:(1368–1683) sandstone statue of a seated Bodhidharma ( 7920:"Denkoroku: Record of the Transmission of Luminosity" 7831:

Sino-Japanese-Korean Statue Dictionary of Bodhidharma

7097:(2nd ed.), Tokyo, Japan: Sanshusha, p. 33, 7027: 6845:

Bodhidharma Retold – A Journey from Sailum to Shaolin

6821: 6809: 6770: 6408: 6396: 6306: 6142: 6126: 6124: 6122: 6120: 6118: 6088: 6040: 5970: 5913: 5764: 5762: 5760: 5383: 5364: 5337: 5335: 5333: 5331: 5329: 5303: 5274: 5255: 5237: 4874:

It lets one see into nature and attain Buddhahood.

3905:波栗濕縛 / 婆栗濕婆 (脅尊者) / Bōlìshīfú / Pólìshīpó (Xiézūnzhě) 3198:. Bodhidharma then either returned to India or died. 3035: 2902:, swordsman, artist and philosopher who was close to 2615: 1744:

as an ethnic minority community during the phases of

8092:

The Zen Teaching of Bodhidharma: A Bilingual Edition

7678: 7453:

The Zen Teaching of Bodhidharma: A Bilingual Edition

6520: 6330: 6103: 6052: 5573: 5424: 5422: 5420: 5418: 5416: 3662:

His mantle, as we all know, passed over six Fathers,

2529: 6557:

The True Dharma Eye: Zen master Dogen's Shobo genzo

6508: 6366: 6354: 6249: 6004: 5992: 5791: 5789: 3213:(1644–1911) statuette of Bodhidharma. 19th century. 2744:; while the four practices are a reworking of the " 2697:Bodhidharma is traditionally seen as introducing a 2692: 2311:

Tanlin – preface to the Two Entrances and Four Acts

7528:Shaikh Awab, Zainal Abidin; Sutton, Nigel (2006), 7197:. In Rudolf G. Wagner & Monica Juneja (eds.). 6448: 6115: 5757: 5326: 4987:" monk of the Western Region named Bodhidharma, a 4851: 4801:and respond to Shenhui's criticisms of the school. 3442:The Record of the Transmission of the Dharma-Jewel 3337:Three years after Bodhidharma's death, Ambassador 2821:Those who turn from delusion back to reality, who 615:. He is referred to as "The Blue-Eyed Barbarian" ( 607:the third son of a great Indian king." Throughout 7713:– via NII "Digital Silk Road" / Toyo Bunko. 7527: 6318: 6231: 5745: 5501:. Vol. 1. MacMillan. 2003. pp. 57, 130. 5413: 5135:interpretation of "wall-gazing" as being akin to 4953:The Record of the Buddhist Monasteries of Luoyang 4544:, Bodhidharma is mentioned in fourteen different 3908:Ba-Lật-Thấp-Phược / Bà-Lật-Thấp-Bà (Hiếp-Tôn-Giả) 3189:Bodhidharma said, "You have attained my marrow." 2768:porcelain statuette of Bodhidharma from the late 1695:The Record of the Buddhist Monasteries of Luoyang 551:, he began the physical training of the monks of 14227: 8559:Eight Legions of Devas and Nāgas (Tiānlóng bābù) 8544:Twenty-Four Protective Deities (Èrshísì Zhūtiān) 7559:Soothill, William Edward; Hodous, Lewis (1995), 7244:Goodman, Steven D.; Davidson, Ronald M. (1992), 7234:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 6611: 5786: 8554:Eight Great Yakṣa Generals (Bādà Yèchā Dàjiàng) 7243: 7114:"Bodhidharma as Textual and Religious Paradigm" 6843:Acharya, Raghu (2017), Shanon, Sidharth (ed.), 6554:Dogen, Eihei (2011). Tanahashi, Kazuaki (ed.). 5231: 4614: 4586:and Bodhidharma is recounted in case no. 41 of 3057:Emperor Wu: "So what is the highest meaning of 2390:Record of the Masters and Students of the Laṅka 2382:Record of the Masters and Students of the Laṅka 2282:into Chinese. Yang gave the following account: 1708:teaching an East Asian monk. A fresco from the 214: 14266:Northern and Southern dynasties Buddhist monks 9029: 7588:, Albany: State University of New York Press, 7558: 6720:"Buddhist targets '7aum Arivu' for inaccuracy" 6630:"Omocha": Things to Play (Or Not to Play) with 6618:"Omocha": Things to Play (Or Not to Play) with 5407: 5159:Jǐngdé Records of the Transmission of the Lamp 4839:, "a clearly apocryphal text" that introduces 4763:Treatise on the Destruction of Characteristics 4660:about Bodhidharma's legendary transmission of 4634: 4608: 3664:And by them many minds came to see the Light. 3656:Twenty-eight Fathers followed him in the West; 3166:Jingde Records of the Transmission of the Lamp 3065:Emperor Wu: "Then, who is standing before me?" 2817:, the term "wall-gazing" is given as follows: 2627:Jingde Records of the Transmission of the Lamp 1651:, who "claim to belong to a brahmin lineage." 274: 146: 11568: 9582: 9015: 8222: 8208: 7734:, Great Britain: Pelican books, p. 106, 7090: 6984: 6442: 6348: 5457: 4868:A special transmission outside the scriptures 4450: 4343: 3381: 3371: 3332: 2639: 2591: 2570: 2512: 2456: 2372: 2362: 2273: 2231: 1712:, dated to the 9th or 10th century; although 1620: 687:The Western Regions in the first century BCE. 394: 289: 83: 12350:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna 8075:, Berkeley: University of California Press, 7750:Mahayana Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations 7405:The Kōan: Texts and Contexts in Zen Buddhism 7403:, in Heine, Steven; Wright, Dale S. (eds.), 7351:The Shambhala Dictionary of Buddhism and Zen 7303: 6987:The Shambhala Dictionary of Buddhism and Zen 6865:, Berkeley: University of California Press, 6541: 5035: 5033: 4780:), according to Yanagida, this is a work of 3660:And Bodhidharma became the First Father here 3250: 3160: 3085: 3027: 2250:The earliest text mentioning Bodhidharma is 1724:, modern scholarship has identified similar 346: 8549:Twelve Heavenly Generals (Shí'èr Shénjiāng) 7863: 6629: 6617: 4605:as good luck charms. A Daruma Doll Festival 3353: 326: 11575: 11561: 9589: 9575: 9022: 9008: 8250:Buddhas of the Ten Directions (Shífāng Fó) 8215: 8201: 7833:] (in Chinese), Beijing Shi: 宗教文化出版社, 7694:. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer (Ernst Vohsen). 7687: 7306:Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia 7217:. Archived from the original on 2017-05-25 7063:Machig Labdrön and the Foundations of Chöd 5692: 5686: 5585: 5513:Dictionnaire enclyclopédique du Bouddhisme 5453: 5451: 5449: 3672:gives 28 patriarchs in this transmission: 3431:The Continued Biographies of Eminent Monks 3185:Bodhidharma: "You have attained my bones." 3181:Bodhidharma; "You have attained my flesh." 3106:Failing to make a favorable impression in 2252:The Record of the Buddhist Monasteries of 2238: 2224: 1647:king, which accords with the reign of the 1627: 1613: 363: 11445:Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance 8043:"Why Has Bodhi-Dharma Left for the East?" 7786: 7568:, London: RoutledgeCurzon, archived from 7312: 7257:, Charles E. Tuttle Publishing Co., Inc, 7192: 7172: 7011: 6860: 6490: 6478: 6291: 6195: 6154: 6082: 5958: 5925: 5886: 5780: 5739: 5722: 5710: 5695:Tibetan Zen, Discovering a Lost Tradition 5680: 5668: 5601: 5526: 5462:(in Indonesian). Gramedia Pustaka Utama. 5395: 5320: 5297: 5030: 4774:Treatise on the Contemplation of the Mind 4720:also known as "Outline of Practice" (二種入 3201: 3177:Bodhidharma: "You have attained my skin." 3143: 3072:This encounter was included as the first 3067:Bodhidharma: "I know not, Your Majesty." 2688:Bodhidharma statue, 19th century, Vietnam 14316:Buddhist monks from Kanchipuram district 10458:Buddha's Light International Association 7917: 7798:Journal of the American Oriental Society 7795: 7747: 7154: 6993: 6899:The Book of Zen: The Path to Inner Peace 6267: 6166: 5639:Powell, William (2004). "Martial Arts". 5460:Bodhidharma: Kata Awal adalah Kata Akhir 5440: 4504: 3254: 3205: 3089: 2877: 2870: 2759: 2683: 2679: 2535: 2426: 2314: 1699: 682: 13537:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal 9228:Twelve Heavenly Generals (Jūni Shinshō) 8245:Seven Buddhas of Antiquity (Guòqù Qīfó) 7936: 7859: 7857: 7371: 7270: 7091:Eitel, Ernest J.; Takakuwa, K. (1904), 6917:"Ch'an Buddhism: Logical and Illogical" 6896: 6878: 6842: 6526: 6466: 6420: 6384: 6097: 5808:Marchaj, Konrad Ryushin (13 May 2014). 5807: 5538: 5446: 5015:"f South Indian Brahman stock" c.q. "a 4910:Why Has Bodhi-Dharma Left for the East? 4651:Why Has Bodhi-Dharma Left for the East? 2342:Master" is found in his preface to the 539:, and is regarded as its first Chinese 14228: 13740:List of Buddhist architecture in China 9792:Who is the master that sees and hears? 9232:Twenty-Eight Legions (Nijūhachi-Bushū) 8494:Trailokyavijaya (Xiángsānshì Míngwáng) 7657: 7627: 7609:The Lankavatara Sutra: A Mahayana Text 7602: 7579: 7562:A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms 7534:, Kuala Lumpur: Azlan Ghanie Sdn Bhd, 7508: 7499: 7495:(in Chinese), Taipei 臺北: Danqing tushu 7487: 7252: 6605: 6593: 6514: 6502: 6336: 6312: 6219: 6070: 6058: 6046: 6034: 6022: 6010: 5982: 5638: 5632: 5055:for backgrounds on the Tamil identity. 3914:파률습박 (협존자) / P'ayulsŭppak (Hyŏpjonje) 3624:Continuous lineage from Gautama Buddha 3392:Continued Biographies of Eminent Monks 3307:, he eventually entered China through 3044:says that in 527, Bodhidharma visited 2565:includes Bodhidharma's encounter with 2423:"Further Biographies of Eminent Monks" 16:Semi-legendary founder of Zen Buddhism 11556: 9570: 9003: 8196: 7990:"The Committee of Western Bhikshunis" 7972:, Vol. 85, No. 2837, p. 1285b 17(05)" 7729: 7717: 7440: 7422: 7398: 7389: 7321: 7111: 7000:Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 6914: 6776: 6749:"'Facts in 7am arivu are inaccurate'" 6553: 6454: 6372: 6360: 6324: 6255: 6178: 6109: 5874: 5847: 5843: 5841: 5839: 5837: 5835: 5833: 5831: 5829: 5827: 5825: 5751: 5428: 5341: 5243: 4750: 4741:Treatise of Dhyana Master Bodhidharma 4309: 3999:나가알랄수나 (용수) / Nakaallalsuna (Yongsu) 3990:那伽閼剌樹那 (龍樹) / Nàqiéèlàshùnà (Lóngshù) 3275:folklore, Bodhidharma travelled from 2647: 2286:At that time there was a monk of the 8696:Sangharama Bodhisattva (Qíelán Púsà) 8634:Vajra-Weilding God (Zhíjīngāng shén) 8354:Eight Great Bodhisattvas (Bādà Púsà) 7901:, Vol. 50, No. 2060, p. 551c 06(02)" 7854: 7765: 7469: 7449: 7348: 7059: 6985:Diener, Michael S.; friends (1991), 6975: 6957: 6797: 6279: 6243: 6207: 5998: 5898: 5795: 5485: 4971:Further Biographies of Eminent Monks 4758:Commonly attributed works include: 4582:and becoming Buddha." The legend of 2786:Further Biographies of Eminent Monks 2752:period Buddhist meditation circles. 678: 8816:Kanaka the Bharadvaja (Jǔbō Luóhàn) 8349:Four Great Bodhisattvas (Sìdà Púsà) 8040: 8017: 7824: 7358: 7159:, Somerville: Wisdom Publications, 6822:Dumoulin, Heisig & Knitter 2005 6810:Dumoulin, Heisig & Knitter 2005 6692: 6409:Dumoulin, Heisig & Knitter 2005 6397:Dumoulin, Heisig & Knitter 2005 6143:Dumoulin, Heisig & Knitter 2005 6130: 5971:Dumoulin, Heisig & Knitter 2005 5914:Dumoulin, Heisig & Knitter 2005 5768: 5697:, Boston: Snow Lion, pp. 71–78 5384:Dumoulin, Heisig & Knitter 2005 5365:Dumoulin, Heisig & Knitter 2005 5275:Dumoulin, Heisig & Knitter 2005 5256:Dumoulin, Heisig & Knitter 2005 4964:Chronicle of the Lankavatar Masters 4870:Not founded upon words and letters; 4703: 4664:to China. The film screened at the 4360:, an old capital town in the state 4318:Biography as a hagiographic process 3957:아슈바고샤 (마명) / Asyupakosya (Mamyŏng) 3376:), a disciple of the 5th patriarch 1817:Four Buddhist Persecutions in China 445:woodblock print by Japanese artist 13: 13527:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism 9071:Five Wisdom Buddhas (Godai Nyorai) 8856:Pantha the Younger (Kānmén Luóhàn) 8766:Five Hundred Arhats (Wǔbǎi luóhàn) 8459:Eight Wisdom Kings (Bādà Míngwáng) 8429:Bhaiṣajyasamudgata (Yàoshàng Púsà) 8240:Five Wisdom Tathāgatas (Wǔfāng Fó) 8177:Lineage of Zen Buddhist patriarchs 8113:, The University Press Group Ltd, 8064: 7866:"Zen Buddhism and Persian Culture" 7582:Existence and Enlightenment in the 7531:Silat Tua: The Malay Dance Of Life 7427:, The University Press Group Ltd, 6847:, New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 6835: 5822: 5810:"OK, Here's the Deal - Lions Roar" 5641:MacMillan Encyclopedia of Buddhism 5621:, Oxford University Press, p. 98, 5106:translates 壁觀 as "wall-examining". 4894:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism 4500: 4175:鶴勒那 (鶴勒那夜奢) / Hèlènà (Hèlènàyèzhě) 3036:Encounter with Emperor Wu of Liang 2748:", which were popular in the late 2664:Tamil prince who had awakened his 2616:Daoyuan – Transmission of the Lamp 1775: 14: 14337: 10488:Dharma Realm Buddhist Association 8846:Pantha the Elder (Tànshǒu Luóhàn) 8564:Four Heavenly Kings (Sì Tiānwáng) 8464:Ten Wisdom Kings (Shídà Míngwáng) 8255:Eighty-eight Buddhas (Bāshíbā Fó) 8127: 7580:Sutton, Florin Giripescu (1991), 7367:Taipei 臺北: Wǔzhōu chūbǎnshè 五洲出版社 7273:"Ignorance, Legend and Taijiquan" 4745:Tianzhu guo Putidamo chan shi lun 4458: 4444: 4350:Description of the Lo-yang temple 3417: 3239:. Copies and translations of the 3219:Patron Saint of Shaolin monastery 3042:Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall 2622:Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall 2601:Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall 2580:Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall 2563:Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall 2550:Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall 2531:Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall 2524: 1546:Zen organisation and institutions 1110:Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall 663:Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall 14208: 14198: 14197: 13755:Thai temple art and architecture 13500:Huichang persecution of Buddhism 11740:Iconography in Laos and Thailand 11606: 11593: 11583: 11540: 11539: 11516: 11515: 10509:Dharma Realm Buddhist University 9079: 8811:Kanaka the Vatsa (Xǐqìng Luóhàn) 8796:Pindola Bharadvaja (Qílù Luóhàn) 8519:Aparajita (Wúnéngshēng Míngwáng) 8439:Vajrasattva (Jīngāng Sàduǒ Púsà) 8434:Cintāmaṇicakra (Rúyìlún Guānyīn) 8384:Mahāsthāmaprāpta (Dàshìzhì Púsà) 8328: 8280:Amoghasiddhi (Bùkōngchéngjiù Fó) 8133: 8034: 7978:from the original on 2008-06-05. 7907:from the original on 2008-06-05. 7504:. New York / Tokyo: Weatherhill. 7445:, University of California Press 7315:Encyclopedia of Monasticism: A-L 6879:Buswell, Robert E., ed. (2004), 6741: 6712: 6697:. Kung Fu Cinema. Archived from 6686: 6657: 6635: 6623: 6547: 6426: 5574:Tikhvinskiĭ & Perelomov 1981 5198: 5185: 4792:Treatise on Realizing the Nature 4711:Two Entrances and Four Practices 4631:is named "Daruma-san ga koronda" 4135:婆修盤頭 (世親) / Póxiūpántóu (Shìqīn) 3746:아난다 (아난) / Ananda Buddha (Anan) 3048:, a fervent patron of Buddhism: 2815:Two Entrances and Four Practices 2778:Two Entrances and Four Practices 2712:Two Entrances and Four Practices 2693:Two Entrances and Four Practices 1085:Two Entrances and Four Practices 729: 694: 599:, and is described as either a " 432: 14256:People of Central Asian descent 11607: 9145:Vajrapāramitā (Kongō-Haramitsu) 8095:, New York: North Point Press, 8011: 8000:from the original on 2014-08-08 7982: 7960: 7949:from the original on 2007-01-02 7930: 7911: 7889: 7706:from the original on 2016-09-15 7616:from the original on 2012-02-04 7548:from the original on 2016-03-07 7472:The Zen Teaching of Bodhidharma 7456:, New York: North Point Press, 7411:from the original on 2012-07-25 7255:Karate's history and traditions 7193:Gasparini, Mariachiara (2014). 7144:from the original on 2007-09-28 7101:from the original on 2023-03-17 7080:from the original on 2023-03-17 6901:, Barron's Educational Series, 6759:from the original on 2021-08-05 6730:from the original on 2021-08-05 6675:from the original on 2012-10-03 6297: 5940: 5931: 5801: 5611: 5532: 5505: 5491: 5172: 5151: 5142: 5122: 5109: 5100: 5078: 5058: 5027:made his way by the sea route." 4978: 4852:Pointing directly to one's mind 4724:, which is part of the larger " 4144:바수반두 (세친) / Pasubandu (Sechin) 3993:Na-Già-Át-Lạt-Thụ-Na (Long-Thọ) 3843:婆須密 (婆須密多) / Póxūmì (Póxūmìduō) 3243:survive to the modern day. The 3155: 2746:four foundations of mindfulness 2268:) which was compiled in 547 by 547:story found in a manual called 13745:Japanese Buddhist architecture 13547:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism 12627:Seven Factors of Enlightenment 11818:Places where the Buddha stayed 11112:Other Rinzai or Linji lineages 10980:Other Rinzai or Linji lineages 9215:Four Heavenly Kings (Shitennō) 9061:Bhaiṣajyaguru (Yakushi Nyorai) 8781:Mahākāśyapa (Xiánglóng Luóhàn) 8776:Sixteen Arhats (Shíliù Luóhàn) 8771:Eighteen Arhats (Shíbā Luóhàn) 8681:Dongyue Emperor (Dōngyuè Dàdì) 8651:Sitātapatrā (Báisǎngài Fúdǐng) 8071:Broughton, Jeffrey L. (1999), 7848: 7513:, University of Hawaii Press, 7349:Kohn, Michael H., ed. (1991), 6861:Broughton, Jeffrey L. (1999), 6695:"REVIEW: Master of Zen (1994)" 4942: 2958: 2949: 2852: 2806: 2755: 2571: 2540:Bodhidharma, stone carving in 2278:), a writer and translator of 2262: 2129:Buddhist architecture in China 1100:Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment 629: 543:. According to a 17th-century 1: 13760:Tibetan Buddhist architecture 11018:Soto Zen Buddhist Association 10761:Tassajara Zen Mountain Center 8801:Bodhidharma (Guojiāng Luóhàn) 8469:Mahamayuri (Kǒngquè Míngwáng) 8399:Ākāśagarbha (Xūkōngzàng Púsà) 8364:Avalokiteśvara (Guānyīn Púsà) 7864:Masato Tojo (19 April 2010). 7474:, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 7308:, Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO 7042:Zen Buddhism: India and China 7013:10.18874/jjrs.20.1.1993.31-53 6980:, Boston: Wisdom Publications 6232:Shaikh Awab & Sutton 2006 5216: 5205:appeared in a popular novel, 4872:By pointing directly to mind 2195:Buddhist Association of China 858:Hakuin's Four ways of knowing 14251:Indian Buddhist missionaries 14241:Martial arts school founders 13517:Buddhism and the Roman world 13493:Decline of Buddhism in India 13488:History of Buddhism in India 11588: Topics in 11082:Throssel Hole Buddhist Abbey 10714:Trúc Lâm Monastery of Da Lat 10493:City of Ten Thousand Buddhas 10463:Four Heavenly Kings (Taiwan) 8509:Padanaksipa (Bùzhì Míngwáng) 8499:Yamāntaka (Dàwēidé Míngwáng) 8424:Bhaiṣajyarāja (Yàowáng Púsà) 8419:Candraprabha (Yuèguāng Púsà) 8389:Vajrapāṇi (Jīngāngshǒu Púsà) 8146:Essence of Mahayana Practice 7791:, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass 7493:Zhōngguó wǔshù shǐlüè 中國武術史略 6976:Cook, Francis Dojun (2003), 5901:, p. 3, emphasis added. 5619:The Silk Road: A New History 5007:Lankavatara Masters, 713–716 4495:Illustrated Fiction Magazine 4181:Kakurokuna (Kakurokunayasha) 3948:阿那菩提 (馬鳴) / Ānàpútí (Mǎmíng) 2509:the mass executions at Heyin 1317:Yunmen Wenyan (Ummon Bun'en) 673: 591:, which typically refers to 555:that led to the creation of 7: 14296:Indian scholars of Buddhism 12715:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar 12455: 11087:Norwich Zen Buddhist Priory 9220:Eight Legions (Hachi-Bushū) 9066:Vairocana (Dainichi Nyorai) 8836:Vijraputra (Xiàoshī Luóhàn) 8629:Sāgara (Suōjiéluó Lóngwáng) 8524:Vajrahāsa (Dàxiào Míngwáng) 8374:Samantabhadra (Pǔxián Púsà) 8290:Ratnasambhava (Bǎoshēng Fó) 7688:von Le Coq, Albert (1913). 7407:, Oxford University Press, 6246:, p. 32, p. 181 n. 20. 5232:Goodman & Davidson 1992 5163:Two Entrances and Four Acts 4960:Two Entrances and Four Acts 4882: 4654:, derives its title from a 4615: 3362:in Ch'an dates back to the 3118:sprang up, and thereafter, 897:Doctrinal background of Zen 10: 14342: 14286:Founders of Buddhist sects 13665:The unanswerable questions 11223:Institutional organisation 11151:Buddhist initiation ritual 10971:Dai Bosatsu Zendo Kongo-ji 10451:Contemperory Organizations 9334:Circumstantial appearances 9032:Japanese Buddhist pantheon 8504:Mahacakra (Dàlún Míngwáng) 8479:Kuṇḍali (Jūntúlì Míngwáng) 8414:Sūryaprabha (Rìguāng Púsà) 8260:Śākyamuni (Shìjiāmóuní Fó) 7787:Yampolski, Philip (2003), 7376:, New York: Pocket Books, 7066:, Snow Lion Publications, 6915:Chang, Chung-Yuan (1967), 6883:, vol. 1, Macmillan, 6830: 5539:Francis, Emmanuel (2011). 5408:Soothill & Hodous 1995 4818:(7th-8th century) of Chan. 4648:A 1989 South Korean film, 4344:Origins and place of birth 3348: 3333:Appearance after his death 3216: 2776:Tanlin, in the preface to 2575:), a disciple of Huineng. 2470:nán tiānzhú póluómén zhŏng 567:in Japan. His name means " 14193: 14145: 14060: 13975: 13750:Buddhist temples in Korea 13673: 13575: 13458: 13155: 13083: 12910: 12783: 12723: 12358: 12313:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism 12224: 12216:Three planes of existence 12164: 12009: 11901: 11831: 11823:Buddha in world religions 11685: 11630: 11602: 11511: 11480: 11454: 11436: 11414: 11391:Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind 11382: 11322: 11315: 11285: 11259: 11252: 11222: 11196: 11180: 11159: 11138: 11131: 11111: 11095: 11069: 11053: 11037: 11030: 11010: 10979: 10948: 10907: 10881: 10833:Zen Center of Los Angeles 10800: 10769: 10733: 10726: 10701: 10680: 10671: 10646: 10630: 10623: 10603: 10582: 10556: 10530: 10521: 10501: 10450: 10424: 10388: 10381: 10336: 10305: 10284: 10263: 10232: 10211: 10170: 10149: 10118: 10092: 10026: 9825: 9818: 9768: 9717: 9671: 9645: 9604: 9507: 9424: 9332: 9203: 9195:Yamāntaka (Daiitoku-Myoō) 9153: 9135:Mahāsthāmaprāpta (Seishi) 9088: 9077: 9039: 8974:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism 8944: 8869: 8754: 8746:Kalaviṅka (Jiālíngpínqié) 8532: 8484:Hayagriva (Mǎtóu Guānyīn) 8447: 8379:Kṣitigarbha (Dìzàng Púsà) 8337: 8326: 8275:Bhaisajyaguru (Yàoshī Fó) 8228: 8223:Chinese Buddhist pantheon 8181: 8174: 8166: 8159: 7771:The Art of Shaolin Kungfu 7665:, New York: Grove Press, 7271:Henning, Stanley (1994), 7173:Garfinkel, Perry (2006), 7155:Ferguson, Andrew (2000), 6443:Eitel & Takakuwa 1904 6349:Diener & friends 1991 4993:Buddhist monasteries, 547 4837:Verses on the Heart Sutra 4822:The Genealogical Treatise 4666:1989 Cannes Film Festival 4635: 4609: 4451: 3737:阿難陀 (阿難) / Ānántuó (Ānán) 3670:Transmission of the Light 3588: 3579: 3576: 3488: 3485: 3382: 3372: 3251:Travels in Southeast Asia 3161:Skin, flesh, bone, marrow 3086:Nine years of wall-gazing 3028:Legends about Bodhidharma 2938:Another early text, the " 2843: 2797: 2640: 2592: 2513: 2457: 2373: 2363: 2274: 1297:Dongshan Liangjie (Tozan) 620: 595:but can also include the 506: 496: 491: 481: 471: 466: 454: 431: 395: 364: 347: 327: 290: 275: 249: 215: 147: 84: 29: 23: 13532:Persecution of Buddhists 12753:Four stages of awakening 12134:Three marks of existence 11720:Physical characteristics 10756:San Francisco Zen Center 10292:Karlfried Graf Dürckheim 9637:Zen in the United States 9241:Vaiśravaṇa (Bishamonten) 9190:Mahāmāyūrī (Kujaku-Myoō) 9140:Vajrasattva (Kongōsatta) 9120:Mahāpratisarā (Daizuigu) 9051:Śākyamuni (Shaka Nyorai) 8851:Vanavasa (Bājiāo Luóhàn) 8639:Gunyapati (Mìjī Jīngāng) 8624:Prithvi (Jiānláo Dishén) 8604:Pañcika (Sànzhī Dàjiàng) 8514:Mahabala (Dàlì Míngwáng) 8474:Ucchuṣma (Huìjì Jīngāng) 8310:Kakusandha (Jūliúsūn Fó) 8265:Vairocana (Pílúzhēnǎ Fó) 7500:Sekida, Katsuki (1996). 7286:(3): 1–7, archived from 7207:10.11588/ts.2014.1.12313 6921:Philosophy East and West 6881:Encyclopedia of Buddhism 6542:Henning & Green 2001 5693:van Schaik, Sam (2015), 5617:Hansen, Valerie (2012), 5499:Encyclopedia of Buddhism 5207:The Travels of Lao T'san 5021:Further Biographies, 645 5019:monk from South India" ( 4958:Tanlin's preface to the 4935: 4805:The Bloodstream Treatise 4732:and Dharma master Yuan. 4491:The Travels of Lao Ts'an 4480:The authenticity of the 4397: 4138:Bà-Tu-Bàn-Đầu (Thế-Thân) 3846:Bà-Tu-Mật (Bà-Tu-Mật-Đa) 3354:Construction of lineages 3259:Paint of Bodhidharma at 2910:, who was linked to the 2397:, the translator of the 1797:Buddhism in Central Asia 1223:Ordinary Mind Zen School 1115:Transmission of the Lamp 820:Turning the light around 783:Zen in the United States 14306:Buddhism amongst Tamils 14261:Liang dynasty Buddhists 12895:Ten principal disciples 11778:(aunt, adoptive mother) 11230:Zen ranks and hierarchy 9596: 9256:Maheśvara (Daijizaiten) 9224:Twelve Devas (Jūni-ten) 9180:Ucchuṣma (Ususama-Myōō) 9105:Avalokiteśvara (Kannon) 9056:Amitābha (Amida Nyorai) 8831:Kalika (Qíxiàng Luóhàn) 8826:Nakula (Jìngzuò Luóhàn) 8806:Asita (Chángméi Luóhàn) 8791:Rahula (Chénsāi Luóhàn) 8741:Apsara (Fēitiān Nǚshén) 8644:Narayana (Nàluóyántiān) 8589:Saraswati (Biàncáitiān) 8489:Acala (Bùdòng Míngwáng) 8369:Manjushri (Wénshū Púsà) 8315:Koṇāgamana (Jūnàhán Fó) 7970:Taishō Shinshū Daizōkyō 7943:Western Chan Fellowship 7939:"In The Spirit of Chan" 7899:Taishō Shinshū Daizōkyō 7748:Williams, Paul (1989), 7730:Watts, Alan W. (1962), 7725:, New York: Grove Press 7470:Pine, Red, ed. (2009), 7450:Pine, Red, ed. (1989), 7441:McRae, John R. (2004), 7423:McRae, John R. (2003), 7399:McRae, John R. (2000), 7390:McRae, John R. (1986), 7322:Kambe, Tstuomu (2012), 7112:Faure, Bernard (1986), 6996:Zen Buddhism: A History 5557:10.1558/rosa.v5i1/2.339 5545:Religions of South Asia 4899:Buddhism amongst Tamils 4847:translations into Chan. 4799:East mountain teachings 4625:Shorinzan Daruma Temple 4417: 4198:Sư-Tử-Bồ-Đề / Sư-Tử-Trí 3849:Bashumitsu (Bashumitta) 3597:Shénxiù 神秀 (606? – 706) 3586:Shénxiù 神秀 (606? – 706) 3454:Léngqié shīzī jì 楞伽師資紀記 1541:Zen ranks and hierarchy 1514:Category: Zen Buddhists 848:Ten Ox-Herding Pictures 14271:Translators to Chinese 14246:Northern Wei Buddhists 13605:Buddhism and democracy 13118:Tibetan Buddhist canon 13113:Chinese Buddhist canon 12345:Pre-sectarian Buddhism 12340:Early Buddhist schools 10882:Philip Kapleau lineage 10853:Geoffrey Shugen Arnold 10746:Zentatsu Richard Baker 10734:Shunryū Suzuki lineage 10604:Academic organizations 10502:Academic organizations 10401:East Mountain Teaching 9755:Three Mysterious Gates 9427:高僧・祖師部 (Kōsō・Soshi-bu) 9309:Kalaviṅka (Karyōbinga) 8841:Gobaka (Kāixīn Luóhàn) 8821:Subinda (Tuōda Luóhàn) 8736:Mahoraga (Móhóuluójiā) 8537:諸天鬼神 (Zhūtiān Guǐshén) 8295:Dīpankara (Rándēng Fó) 8089:Red Pine, ed. (1989), 7683:. Progress Publishers. 7663:Essays in Zen Buddhism 7634:Manual of Zen Buddhism 7372:Maguire, Jack (2001), 7317:, Taylor & Francis 7253:Haines, Bruce (1995), 6897:Chaline, Eric (2003), 6753:The New Indian Express 6724:The New Indian Express 6647:city.takasaki.gunma.jp 6643:"The City of Takasaki" 6565:Shambhala Publications 5862:10.3406/asie.1993.1061 5850:Cahiers d'Extrême-Asie 5458:Anand Krishna (2005). 5000:Tanlin, 6th century CE 4991:" c.q. "from Persia" ( 4877: 4843:ideas associated with 4597:, which originated in 4575: 4521: 4439: 4402:In the context of the 4333: 3509:Huìkě 慧可 (487? – 593) 3489:Huìkě 慧可 (487? – 593) 3404: 3268: 3214: 3202:Bodhidharma at Shaolin 3192: 3144:Huike cuts off his arm 3103: 3070: 3025: 3011: 2972: 2936: 2915: 2827: 2773: 2689: 2544: 2519:Chinese Buddhist canon 2444: 2420: 2359: 2335: 2301: 2106:Chinese Buddhist canon 1807:Silk Road transmission 1781: 1753: 1748:(7th–8th century) and 1738:Eastern Iranian people 1173:Plum Village Tradition 1133:East Mountain Teaching 1095:The Awakening of Faith 991:Prostration (Buddhism) 810:Original enlightenment 688: 14301:Indian royal advisors 14281:Indian Buddhist monks 14276:Founders of religions 13615:Eight Consciousnesses 11725:Life of Buddha in art 11103:Shinzan Miyamae Roshi 11045:Hugo Enomiya-Lassalle 10949:Soen Nakagawa lineage 10638:Nine mountain schools 10245:Hugo Enomiya-Lassalle 9337:垂迹身部 (Suijakushin-bu) 9261:Mahākāla (Daikokuten) 9236:Sarasvatī (Benzaiten) 9185:Hayagrīva (Batō-Myōō) 9175:Rāgarāja (Aizen-Myōō) 9110:Samantabhadra (Fugen) 8874:高僧・祖師 (Gāosēng・Zǔshī) 8786:Nagasena(Wāěr Luóhàn) 8686:Thunder god (Léigōng) 8305:Vessabhū (Píshèpó Fó) 7996:. 18 September 2006. 7773:, Tuttle Publishing, 7509:Shahar, Meir (2008), 7199:Transcultural Studies 7060:Edou, Jérôme (1996), 7045:. World Wisdom, Inc. 4989:Persian Central Asian 4865: 4772:), also known as the 4726:Bodhidharma Anthology 4560: 4508: 4431: 4328: 3635:Song of Enlightenment 3617:Xuánjué 玄覺 (665–713) 3506:Huìkě 慧可 (487? – 593) 3503:Huìkě 慧可 (487? – 593) 3434:Xù gāosēng zhuàn 續高僧傳 3399: 3258: 3209: 3170: 3093: 3050: 3020: 3006: 2964: 2928: 2881: 2819: 2763: 2701:Buddhist practice of 2687: 2680:Practice and teaching 2539: 2439:." It was created by 2430: 2416: 2354: 2318: 2292:Persian Central Asian 2290:named Bodhidharma, a 2284: 1779: 1703: 1327:Dahui Zonggao (Tahui) 1307:Linji Yixuan (Rinzai) 1302:Xuefeng Yicun (Seppo) 1287:Shitou Xiqian (Kisen) 1188:Kwan Um School of Zen 1071:Mahaparinirvana Sutra 1041:Prajñaparamita sutras 1035:Indian Mahayana texts 686: 603:Central Asian" or a " 527:was a semi-legendary 80:Chinese abbreviation: 14311:Missionary linguists 14092:East Asian religions 13522:Buddhism in the West 13093:Early Buddhist texts 12708:Four Right Exertions 12174:Ten spiritual realms 11667:Noble Eightfold Path 11405:Three Pillars of Zen 11366:The Gateless Barrier 11132:Hierarchy and titles 10894:Rochester Zen Center 10468:Dharma Drum Mountain 9760:Four Ways of Knowing 9740:Sudden Enlightenment 9646:Doctrinal background 9130:Ākāśagarbha (Kokūzō) 8861:Budai (Bùdài Luóhàn) 8656:Mahākāla (Dàhēitiān) 8619:Marici (Mólìzhītiān) 8584:Lakshmi (Gōngdétiān) 8394:Maitreya (Mílè Púsa) 8300:Vipassī (Pípóshī Fó) 8270:Amitābha (Āmítuó Fó) 8142:at Wikimedia Commons 8109:McRae, John (2003), 7752:, Psychology Press, 7489:Ryuchi, Matsuda 松田隆智 7359:Lin, Boyuan (1996), 7118:History of Religions 4788:The Wake-up Treatise 4735:There also exists a 4467:manual known as the 4356:identifies 香至 to be 4324:hagiographic process 4073:僧伽舍多 / Sēngqiéshèduō 3951:A-Na-Bồ-Đề (Mã-Minh) 3911:Barishiba (Kyōsonja) 3743:Ananda Buddha (Anan) 3543:Dàoxìn 道信 (580–651) 3458:(ca. 683 – ca. 650) 3226:Eighteen Arhat Hands 2865:abides in brightness 2861:Dunhuang manuscripts 1812:Dunhuang manuscripts 1730:the same cave temple 940:Bodhisattva Precepts 14215:Religion portal 13962:Temple of the Tooth 13841:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi 12880:Upāsaka and Upāsikā 12373:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā 12156:Two truths doctrine 11976:Mahapajapati Gotamī 11776:Mahapajapati Gotamī 11286:Main Rinzai Temples 11235:Dharma transmission 11070:Other Sōtō lineages 11054:Kōdō Sawaki lineage 10987:Kyozan Joshu Sasaki 10966:Zen Studies Society 10935:Gudō Wafu Nishijima 10925:Kōbun Chino Otogawa 10908:Other Sōtō lineages 10818:Robert Baker Aitken 10770:Kōdō Sawaki lineage 10396:Five Houses of Chán 9658:East Asian Yogācāra 9439:Vasubandhu (Seshin) 9346:Ishizuchi Daigongen 9319:Mārīcī (Marishiten) 9299:Hārītī (Kishimojin) 9294:Gaṇapati (Kankiten) 9246:Śakra (Taishakuten) 8726:Gandharva (Gāntàpó) 8579:Shiva (Dàzìzàitiān) 8404:Cundī (Zhǔntí Púsà) 8320:Kassapa (Jiāshè Fó) 8285:Akshobhya (Āchù Fó) 7361:Zhōngguó wǔshù shǐ 7353:, Boston: Shambhala 6989:, Boston: Shambhala 6958:Cole, Alan (2009), 6669:festival-cannes.com 6505:, pp. 165–173. 6469:, pp. 57, 130. 5167:Jǐngdé chuándēng lù 4404:Indian caste system 4099:Kumorata (Kumarata) 4062:승가난제 / Sŭngsananje 4053:僧伽難提 / Sēngqiénántí 4033:羅睺羅多 / Luóhóuluóduō 3996:Nagaarajuna (Ryūju) 3974:Kabimora (Kabimara) 3894:복태밀다 / Puktaemilda 3768:상나화수 / Sangnahwasu 3759:商那和修 / Shāngnàhéxiū 3540:Dàoxìn 道信 (580–651) 3537:Dàoxìn 道信 (580–651) 3534:Dàoxìn 道信 (580–651) 3526:Sēngcàn 僧璨 (d.606) 3445:Chuán fǎbǎo jì 傳法寶記 3360:patriarchal lineage 3046:Emperor Wu of Liang 2995:East Asian Yogācāra 2632:Jĭngdé chuándēng lù 2567:Emperor Wu of Liang 2088:Humanistic Buddhism 1752:(9th–13th century). 1716:(1913) assumed the 1687:Journey to the West 1682:Indian subcontinent 1531:Dharma transmission 1178:Order of Interbeing 1158:Five Houses of Chán 902:Representation-only 853:Five ranks of Tozan 597:Indian subcontinent 389:Traditional Chinese 14137:Western philosophy 13735:Dzong architecture 13557:Vipassana movement 13552:Buddhist modernism 12980:Emperor Wen of Sui 12748:Pratyekabuddhayāna 12681:Threefold Training 12483:Vipassana movement 12199:Hungry Ghost realm 12019:Avidyā (Ignorance) 11966:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta 11715:Great Renunciation 11710:Eight Great Events 11592: 11472:Pure Land Buddhism 11437:Cultural influence 11240:Zen lineage charts 10873:Kanzeon Zen Center 10709:Vạn Hạnh Monastery 10647:Contemporary sects 10478:Tzu Chi Foundation 9963:Liangshan Yuanguan 9672:Influential Sutras 9555:Japanese mythology 9314:Lakṣmī (Kisshōten) 9266:Ḍākinī (Dakiniten) 9125:Kṣitigarbha (Jizō) 8891:Bodhidharma (Dámó) 8731:Kinnara (Jǐnnàluō) 8721:Garuda (Jiālóuluó) 8666:Nagakanya (Lóngnǚ) 8534:Deities and Demons 8409:Tara (Duōluó Púsà) 7994:thubtenchodron.org 7374:Essential Buddhism 7029:Dumoulin, Heinrich 6181:, p. 187-198. 5443:, p. 125-126. 5193:Zhongguo wushu shi 4795:《悟性論 Wu-hsing lun》 4751:Later attributions 4739:manuscript titled 4689:martial arts film 4682:. The 2011 Indian 4522: 4310:Modern scholarship 4246:불여밀다 / Punyŏmilta 4141:Bashubanzu (Sejin) 4093:鳩摩羅多 / Jiūmóluóduō 3872:불타난제 / Pŭltananje 3523:Sēngcàn 僧璨 (d.606) 3520:Sēngcàn 僧璨 (d.606) 3517:Sēngcàn 僧璨 (d.606) 3464:显宗记 of Shénhuì 神会 3287:. Passing through 3269: 3215: 3104: 2916: 2774: 2690: 2648:Popular traditions 2620:Subsequent to the 2545: 2445: 2410:"Chronicle of the 2336: 2177:White Horse Temple 1782: 1754: 1732:(No. 9) as ethnic 1706:Central Asian monk 1599:Pure Land Buddhism 1536:Zen lineage charts 960:Walking meditation 689: 613:non-Chinese person 462:1st Chan Patriarch 284:Simplified Chinese 14291:Shaolin Monastery 14223: 14222: 13861:Om mani padme hum 13567:Women in Buddhism 13483:Buddhist councils 13353:Western countries 13141:Madhyamakālaṃkāra 12902:Shaolin Monastery 12479:Samatha-vipassanā 12089:Pratītyasamutpāda 11893:Metteyya/Maitreya 11811: 11803: 11795: 11787: 11779: 11771: 11763: 11640:Four Noble Truths 11550: 11549: 11488:Heinrich Dumoulin 11481:Academic research 11432: 11431: 11311: 11310: 11260:Main Sōtō Temples 11248: 11247: 11127: 11126: 11077:Houn Jiyu-Kennett 11026: 11025: 10838:White Plum Asanga 10722: 10721: 10667: 10666: 10619: 10618: 10595:Ningen Zen Kyodan 10583:Lay organizations 10517: 10516: 10377: 10376: 10264:White Plum Asanga 9883:Dongshan Liangjie 9699:Vimalakirti Sutra 9684:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra 9564: 9563: 9434:Nāgārjuna (Ryūju) 9425:Religious masters 9416:Konpira Daigongen 9284:Īśāna (Ishanaten) 9170:Acala (Fudō-Myōō) 9165:Five Wisdom Kings 9100:Maitreya (Miroku) 8997: 8996: 8989:Religion in China 8984:Chinese mythology 8661:Sudhana (Shàncái) 8599:Chandra (Yuètiān) 8574:Indra (Dìshìtiān) 8233:佛 (Fó)/如來 (Rúlái) 8191: 8190: 8182:Succeeded by 8138:Media related to 8120:978-0-520-23798-8 8041:Brennan, Sandra. 7840:978-7-80123-888-7 7723:The Spirit of Zen 7700:10.20676/00000194 7584:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra 7541:978-983-42328-0-1 7520:978-0-8248-3110-3 7481:978-0-86547-399-7 7434:978-0-520-23798-8 7186:978-1-4000-8217-9 7179:, Harmony Books, 7073:978-1-55939-039-2 7052:978-0-941532-89-1 6969:978-0-520-25485-5 6574:978-1-59030-474-7 6387:, pp. 26–27. 6282:, p. 73–114. 6169:, pp. 16–17. 5889:, pp. 9, 66. 5877:, pp. 29–32. 5627:978-0-19-993921-3 5053:Tamil nationalism 5045:Dravidian peoples 4973:(7th century CE). 4858:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra 4588:The Gateless Gate 4570:The Gateless Gate 4551:The Gateless Gate 4541:Shinji Shōbōgenzō 4307: 4306: 4268:반야다라 / Panyadara 4259:般若多羅 / Bōrěduōluó 4215:婆舍斯多 / Póshèsīduō 3968:迦毘摩羅 / Jiāpímóluó 3885:浮陀密多 / Fútuómìduō 3863:浮陀難提 / Fútuónándī 3852:바수밀다 / Pasumilta 3781:優婆掬多 / Yōupójúduō 3724:마하가섭 / Mahagasŏp 3632:According to the 3621: 3620: 3583:Fǎrú 法如 (638–689) 3196:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra 3079:Blue Cliff Record 3002:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra 2983:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra 2968:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra 2920:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra 2873:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra 2823:meditate on walls 2634:, published 1004 2599:According to the 2400:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra 2248: 2247: 2083:Esoteric Buddhism 1780:Chinese: "Buddha" 1726:Caucasian figures 1714:Albert von Le Coq 1684:(as in the novel 1637: 1636: 1341:Zhongfeng Mingben 1282:Mazu Daoyi (Baso) 1218:White Plum Asanga 1061:Vimalakirti Sutra 1051:Śrīmālādevī Sūtra 1046:Lankavatara Sutra 875:Bodhisattva ideal 679:Principal sources 657:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra 633:) in Chan texts. 559:. He is known as 553:Shaolin Monastery 522: 521: 426: 425: 39:Known in English: 14333: 14213: 14212: 14201: 14200: 14040:Sacred languages 13888:Maya Devi Temple 13851:Mahabodhi Temple 13655:Secular Buddhism 13620:Engaged Buddhism 12460: 12308:Tibetan Buddhism 12259:Vietnamese Thiền 11858:Mahāsthāmaprāpta 11809: 11801: 11793: 11785: 11777: 11769: 11761: 11610: 11609: 11597: 11587: 11577: 11570: 11563: 11554: 11553: 11543: 11542: 11519: 11518: 11503:William Bodiford 11320: 11319: 11257: 11256: 11136: 11135: 11061:Taisen Deshimaru 11035: 11034: 10961:Eido Tai Shimano 10848:John Daido Loori 10801:Yasutani lineage 10731: 10730: 10678: 10677: 10673:Vietnamese Thiền 10631:Historical sects 10628: 10627: 10531:Historical sects 10528: 10527: 10389:Historical sects 10386: 10385: 10337:Vietnamese Thiền 10003:Tiantong Zongjue 9998:Zhenxie Qingliao 9988:Hongzhi Zhengjue 9918:Dongshan Shouchu 9898:Nanyang Huizhong 9893:Baizhang Huaihai 9868:Baizhang Huaihai 9823: 9822: 9704:Avatamsaka Sutra 9632:Vietnamese Thiền 9591: 9584: 9577: 9568: 9567: 9556: 9549: 9542: 9535: 9528: 9521: 9514: 9404:Shiromine Gongen 9271:Yama (Enma-Daiō) 9205:Heavenly deities 9115:Mañjuśrī (Monju) 9093:菩薩部 (Bosatsu-bu) 9083: 9033: 9024: 9017: 9010: 9001: 9000: 8609:Hārītī (Guǐzǐmǔ) 8569:Brahma (Fàntiān) 8332: 8217: 8210: 8203: 8194: 8193: 8167:Preceded by 8157: 8156: 8137: 8123: 8105: 8085: 8059: 8058: 8056: 8055: 8038: 8032: 8031: 8026:. Archived from 8015: 8009: 8008: 8006: 8005: 7986: 7980: 7979: 7964: 7958: 7957: 7955: 7954: 7934: 7928: 7927: 7915: 7909: 7908: 7893: 7887: 7886: 7884: 7883: 7877: 7871:. Archived from 7870: 7861: 7843: 7820: 7792: 7783: 7762: 7744: 7726: 7714: 7712: 7711: 7684: 7675: 7654: 7653: 7652: 7646: 7640:, archived from 7639: 7623: 7622: 7621: 7598: 7576: 7574: 7567: 7555: 7554: 7553: 7523: 7505: 7496: 7484: 7466: 7446: 7437: 7418: 7417: 7416: 7395: 7386: 7368: 7354: 7345: 7344: 7343: 7337: 7331:, archived from 7330: 7318: 7309: 7300: 7299: 7298: 7292: 7277: 7267: 7249: 7246:Tibetan Buddhism 7239: 7233: 7225: 7223: 7222: 7189: 7169: 7151: 7150: 7149: 7108: 7107: 7106: 7087: 7086: 7085: 7056: 7037:Knitter, Paul F. 7024: 7015: 6990: 6981: 6972: 6954: 6953: 6952: 6943:, archived from 6911: 6893: 6875: 6857: 6825: 6819: 6813: 6807: 6801: 6795: 6780: 6774: 6768: 6767: 6765: 6764: 6745: 6739: 6738: 6736: 6735: 6716: 6710: 6709: 6707: 6706: 6690: 6684: 6683: 6681: 6680: 6661: 6655: 6654: 6649:. Archived from 6639: 6633: 6627: 6621: 6615: 6609: 6603: 6597: 6591: 6585: 6584: 6582: 6581: 6562: 6551: 6545: 6539: 6530: 6524: 6518: 6512: 6506: 6500: 6494: 6488: 6482: 6476: 6470: 6464: 6458: 6452: 6446: 6440: 6434: 6430: 6424: 6418: 6412: 6406: 6400: 6399:, p. 89-90. 6394: 6388: 6382: 6376: 6370: 6364: 6358: 6352: 6346: 6340: 6334: 6328: 6322: 6316: 6310: 6304: 6301: 6295: 6289: 6283: 6277: 6271: 6265: 6259: 6253: 6247: 6241: 6235: 6229: 6223: 6217: 6211: 6205: 6199: 6193: 6182: 6176: 6170: 6164: 6158: 6152: 6146: 6140: 6134: 6128: 6113: 6107: 6101: 6095: 6086: 6080: 6074: 6068: 6062: 6056: 6050: 6044: 6038: 6032: 6026: 6020: 6014: 6008: 6002: 5996: 5990: 5980: 5974: 5968: 5962: 5956: 5947: 5944: 5938: 5935: 5929: 5928:, p. 67–68. 5923: 5917: 5911: 5902: 5896: 5890: 5884: 5878: 5872: 5866: 5865: 5845: 5820: 5819: 5817: 5816: 5805: 5799: 5793: 5784: 5778: 5772: 5766: 5755: 5749: 5743: 5737: 5726: 5720: 5714: 5708: 5699: 5698: 5690: 5684: 5678: 5672: 5666: 5655: 5654: 5636: 5630: 5615: 5609: 5599: 5593: 5583: 5577: 5571: 5565: 5564: 5559:. Archived from 5536: 5530: 5524: 5515: 5511:Philippe Cornu, 5509: 5503: 5502: 5495: 5489: 5483: 5474: 5473: 5455: 5444: 5438: 5432: 5426: 5411: 5405: 5399: 5398:, p. 54-55. 5393: 5387: 5381: 5368: 5362: 5345: 5339: 5324: 5318: 5301: 5300:, p. 54–55. 5295: 5278: 5272: 5259: 5258:, p. 85-90. 5253: 5247: 5246:, p. 26-27. 5241: 5235: 5229: 5210: 5202: 5196: 5189: 5183: 5176: 5170: 5155: 5149: 5146: 5140: 5133:Tibetan Buddhist 5126: 5120: 5113: 5107: 5104: 5098: 5095:Persian Buddhism 5082: 5076: 5062: 5056: 5037: 5028: 4982: 4976: 4946: 4889:Chinese Buddhism 4862: 4704:Attributed works 4644: 4638: 4637: 4622: 4621: 4618: 4612: 4611: 4573: 4538:collection, the 4534:'s 13th century 4454: 4453: 4388:Ahmad Hasan Dani 4302:보리달마 / Poridalma 4237:不如密多 / Bùrúmìduō 4224:바사사다 / Pasasada 4195:師子菩提 / Shīzǐpútí 4102:구마라다 / Kumarada 4082:가야사다 / Kayasada 4042:라후라다 / Rahurada 4022:가나제바 / Kanajeba 4013:迦那提婆 / Jiānàtípó 3977:가비마라 / Kabimara 3954:Anabotei (Memyō) 3934:부나야사 / Punayasa 3925:富那夜奢 / Fùnàyèshē 3790:우바국다 / Upakukta 3762:Thương-Na-Hòa-Tu 3740:A-Nan-Đà (A-Nan) 3715:摩訶迦葉 / Móhējiāyè 3675: 3674: 3425: 3424: 3385: 3384: 3375: 3374: 3100:Muromachi period 2960: 2959:Léngqié Shīzī Jì 2951: 2906:, a monk of the 2900:Miyamoto Musashi 2854: 2845: 2808: 2799: 2705:(meditation) in 2643: 2642: 2595: 2594: 2574: 2573: 2516: 2515: 2468:stock" (南天竺婆羅門種 2460: 2459: 2449:Xù gāosēng zhuàn 2408:Lengjie Shizi ji 2376: 2375: 2366: 2365: 2277: 2276: 2266:Luòyáng Qiélánjì 2264: 2240: 2233: 2226: 2172:Tiantai Mountain 2111:Taishō Tripiṭaka 1960:Hongzhi Zhengjue 1769:Chinese Buddhism 1756: 1755: 1629: 1622: 1615: 1440:Thiền in Vietnam 1322:Yongming Yanshou 1066:Avatamsaka Sutra 835:Sudden awakening 733: 723: 715: 711: 705: 698: 691: 690: 641:Liu Song dynasty 631: 622: 563:in China and as 436: 398: 397: 367: 366: 352: 351: 332: 331: 293: 292: 278: 277: 252: 251: 220: 219: 150: 149: 87: 86: 27: 26: 21: 20: 14341: 14340: 14336: 14335: 14334: 14332: 14331: 14330: 14236:Chan patriarchs 14226: 14225: 14224: 14219: 14207: 14189: 14141: 14056: 13971: 13708:Ordination hall 13669: 13571: 13542:Buddhist crisis 13454: 13151: 13103:Mahayana sutras 13079: 13075:Thích Nhất Hạnh 12906: 12779: 12719: 12669:Bodhisattva vow 12354: 12220: 12160: 12119:Taṇhā (Craving) 12054:Five hindrances 12005: 11897: 11827: 11681: 11626: 11598: 11581: 11551: 11546: 11507: 11476: 11455:Related schools 11450: 11428: 11410: 11378: 11307: 11281: 11244: 11218: 11192: 11176: 11155: 11123: 11107: 11091: 11065: 11049: 11022: 11006: 11002:Keido Fukushima 10975: 10944: 10930:Gyokuko Carlson 10920:Dainin Katagiri 10903: 10877: 10858:Zen Peacemakers 10843:Bernie Glassman 10808:Hakuun Yasutani 10796: 10792:Shōhaku Okumura 10765: 10718: 10697: 10663: 10642: 10615: 10599: 10578: 10552: 10513: 10497: 10446: 10420: 10406:Hongzhou school 10373: 10364:Thích Nhất Hạnh 10332: 10301: 10280: 10259: 10240:Hakuun Yasutani 10228: 10207: 10203:Keido Fukushima 10166: 10150:Traditional Zen 10145: 10114: 10088: 10022: 10013:Tiantong Rujing 9993:Wansong Xingxiu 9968:Dayang Jingxuan 9943:Yunyan Tansheng 9928:Qingyuan Xingsi 9858:Nanyue Huairang 9843:Jianzhi Sengcan 9814: 9764: 9713: 9709:Śūraṅgama Sūtra 9667: 9641: 9600: 9595: 9565: 9560: 9554: 9547: 9540: 9533: 9526: 9519: 9512: 9503: 9426: 9420: 9386:Hachiōji Gongen 9371:Tateyama Gongen 9357:Sanki Daigongen 9336: 9328: 9324:Vajrapāṇi (Niō) 9279:Skanda (Idaten) 9251:Brahmā (Bonten) 9207: 9199: 9157: 9149: 9092: 9084: 9075: 9044:如来部 (Nyorai-bu) 9043: 9035: 9031: 9028: 8998: 8993: 8940: 8873: 8865: 8758: 8750: 8711:Asura (Āxiūluō) 8691:Skanda (Wéituó) 8614:Yama (Yán Wáng) 8536: 8528: 8451: 8443: 8341: 8333: 8324: 8232: 8224: 8221: 8187: 8172: 8161:Buddhist titles 8130: 8121: 8108: 8103: 8088: 8083: 8070: 8067: 8065:Further reading 8062: 8053: 8051: 8039: 8035: 8016: 8012: 8003: 8001: 7988: 7987: 7983: 7966: 7965: 7961: 7952: 7950: 7935: 7931: 7916: 7912: 7895: 7894: 7890: 7881: 7879: 7875: 7868: 7862: 7855: 7851: 7846: 7841: 7781: 7760: 7742: 7709: 7707: 7673: 7650: 7648: 7644: 7637: 7619: 7617: 7596: 7572: 7565: 7551: 7549: 7542: 7521: 7482: 7464: 7435: 7414: 7412: 7384: 7341: 7339: 7335: 7328: 7296: 7294: 7290: 7275: 7265: 7227: 7226: 7220: 7218: 7187: 7167: 7147: 7145: 7104: 7102: 7083: 7081: 7074: 7053: 6970: 6950: 6948: 6933:10.2307/1397043 6909: 6891: 6873: 6855: 6838: 6836:Printed sources 6833: 6828: 6820: 6816: 6808: 6804: 6796: 6783: 6775: 6771: 6762: 6760: 6747: 6746: 6742: 6733: 6731: 6718: 6717: 6713: 6704: 6702: 6693:Pollard, Mark. 6691: 6687: 6678: 6676: 6663: 6662: 6658: 6641: 6640: 6636: 6628: 6624: 6616: 6612: 6604: 6600: 6592: 6588: 6579: 6577: 6575: 6560: 6552: 6548: 6540: 6533: 6525: 6521: 6513: 6509: 6501: 6497: 6489: 6485: 6477: 6473: 6465: 6461: 6453: 6449: 6441: 6437: 6431: 6427: 6419: 6415: 6407: 6403: 6395: 6391: 6383: 6379: 6371: 6367: 6359: 6355: 6347: 6343: 6335: 6331: 6323: 6319: 6311: 6307: 6302: 6298: 6290: 6286: 6278: 6274: 6266: 6262: 6254: 6250: 6242: 6238: 6230: 6226: 6218: 6214: 6206: 6202: 6194: 6185: 6177: 6173: 6165: 6161: 6153: 6149: 6141: 6137: 6129: 6116: 6108: 6104: 6096: 6089: 6085:, pp. 2–3. 6081: 6077: 6069: 6065: 6057: 6053: 6045: 6041: 6033: 6029: 6021: 6017: 6009: 6005: 5997: 5993: 5981: 5977: 5969: 5965: 5957: 5950: 5945: 5941: 5936: 5932: 5924: 5920: 5912: 5905: 5897: 5893: 5885: 5881: 5873: 5869: 5846: 5823: 5814: 5812: 5806: 5802: 5794: 5787: 5779: 5775: 5767: 5758: 5750: 5746: 5738: 5729: 5721: 5717: 5709: 5702: 5691: 5687: 5679: 5675: 5667: 5658: 5651: 5637: 5633: 5616: 5612: 5600: 5596: 5586:von Le Coq 1913 5584: 5580: 5572: 5568: 5537: 5533: 5525: 5518: 5510: 5506: 5497: 5496: 5492: 5484: 5477: 5470: 5456: 5447: 5439: 5435: 5427: 5414: 5406: 5402: 5394: 5390: 5382: 5371: 5363: 5348: 5340: 5327: 5319: 5304: 5296: 5281: 5273: 5262: 5254: 5250: 5242: 5238: 5230: 5223: 5219: 5214: 5213: 5203: 5199: 5190: 5186: 5177: 5173: 5156: 5152: 5147: 5143: 5127: 5123: 5114: 5110: 5105: 5101: 5086:Eastern Iranian 5083: 5079: 5063: 5059: 5038: 5031: 4983: 4979: 4951:Yang Xuanzhi's 4947: 4943: 4938: 4885: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4869: 4860: 4854: 4753: 4706: 4687:science fiction 4680:Shaolin Kung Fu 4674:(also known as 4632: 4623:is held at the 4619: 4606: 4574: 4568: 4503: 4501:Cultural legacy 4461: 4447: 4420: 4400: 4346: 4320: 4312: 4284:菩提達磨 / Pútídámó 4184:학륵나 / Haklŭkna 4110:Śayata / Jayata 4056:Tăng-Già-Nan-Đề 3666: 3663: 3661: 3659: 3657: 3655: 3644:Yongjia Xuanjue 3626: 3457: 3455: 3453: 3446: 3444: 3437: 3435: 3433: 3420: 3356: 3351: 3343:Pamir Mountains 3335: 3273:Southeast Asian 3253: 3247:has been lost. 3221: 3204: 3191: 3188: 3186: 3184: 3182: 3180: 3178: 3176: 3174: 3163: 3158: 3146: 3088: 3069: 3066: 3064: 3062: 3056: 3054: 3038: 3030: 2987:Mahayana sutras 2876: 2758: 2695: 2682: 2650: 2638:), by Daoyuan ( 2618: 2584:Pamir Mountains 2534: 2527: 2425: 2385: 2313: 2280:Mahayana sutras 2244: 2215: 2214: 2190: 2182: 2181: 2142: 2134: 2133: 2124: 2116: 2115: 2101: 2093: 2092: 2048: 2040: 2039: 1830: 1822: 1821: 1792: 1698: 1657:Western Regions 1641:Western Regions 1633: 1604: 1603: 1564: 1563:Related schools 1556: 1555: 1526: 1518: 1517: 1483:Hakuun Yasutani 1461:Thích Nhất Hạnh 1246: 1241: 1233: 1232: 1228:Zen Peacemakers 1153:Hongzhou school 1128: 1120: 1119: 1090:Śūraṅgama Sūtra 1031: 1021: 1020: 1016:Zen calligraphy 935:Bodhisattva vow 930:Six Perfections 920: 912: 911: 843: 801: 796: 788: 787: 741: 721: 713: 707: 703: 681: 676: 589:Western Regions 518: 512: 511: 461: 450: 427: 17: 12: 11: 5: 14339: 14329: 14328: 14323: 14321:Pallava people 14318: 14313: 14308: 14303: 14298: 14293: 14288: 14283: 14278: 14273: 14268: 14263: 14258: 14253: 14248: 14243: 14238: 14221: 14220: 14218: 14217: 14205: 14194: 14191: 14190: 14188: 14187: 14182: 14177: 14172: 14167: 14162: 14157: 14151: 14149: 14143: 14142: 14140: 14139: 14134: 14129: 14124: 14119: 14114: 14109: 14104: 14099: 14094: 14089: 14088: 14087: 14082: 14072: 14066: 14064: 14058: 14057: 14055: 14054: 14053: 14052: 14047: 14037: 14032: 14027: 14022: 14017: 14012: 14007: 14002: 13997: 13992: 13987: 13981: 13979: 13973: 13972: 13970: 13969: 13964: 13959: 13958: 13957: 13952: 13947: 13942: 13937: 13927: 13922: 13917: 13912: 13907: 13906: 13905: 13900: 13895: 13890: 13885: 13875: 13870: 13865: 13864: 13863: 13853: 13848: 13843: 13838: 13837: 13836: 13831: 13826: 13821: 13816: 13806: 13801: 13796: 13791: 13786: 13781: 13776: 13775: 13774: 13772:Greco-Buddhist 13764: 13763: 13762: 13757: 13752: 13747: 13742: 13737: 13732: 13727: 13726: 13725: 13723:Burmese pagoda 13715: 13710: 13705: 13700: 13695: 13690: 13679: 13677: 13671: 13670: 13668: 13667: 13662: 13657: 13652: 13647: 13642: 13637: 13632: 13627: 13622: 13617: 13612: 13607: 13602: 13597: 13592: 13587: 13581: 13579: 13573: 13572: 13570: 13569: 13564: 13559: 13554: 13549: 13544: 13539: 13534: 13529: 13524: 13519: 13514: 13513: 13512: 13505:Greco-Buddhism 13502: 13497: 13496: 13495: 13485: 13480: 13475: 13470: 13464: 13462: 13456: 13455: 13453: 13452: 13451: 13450: 13445: 13440: 13438:United Kingdom 13435: 13430: 13425: 13420: 13415: 13410: 13405: 13400: 13395: 13390: 13385: 13383:Czech Republic 13380: 13375: 13370: 13365: 13360: 13350: 13349: 13348: 13343: 13333: 13332: 13331: 13321: 13320: 13319: 13314: 13304: 13299: 13294: 13289: 13284: 13279: 13274: 13273: 13272: 13262: 13257: 13247: 13242: 13237: 13232: 13227: 13222: 13217: 13212: 13207: 13202: 13197: 13192: 13187: 13182: 13177: 13172: 13167: 13161: 13159: 13153: 13152: 13150: 13149: 13147:Abhidharmadīpa 13144: 13137: 13132: 13127: 13120: 13115: 13110: 13105: 13100: 13095: 13089: 13087: 13081: 13080: 13078: 13077: 13072: 13067: 13065:B. R. Ambedkar 13062: 13057: 13052: 13047: 13042: 13037: 13032: 13027: 13022: 13017: 13012: 13007: 13002: 12997: 12992: 12987: 12985:Songtsen Gampo 12982: 12977: 12972: 12967: 12962: 12957: 12952: 12947: 12942: 12937: 12932: 12927: 12922: 12916: 12914: 12908: 12907: 12905: 12904: 12899: 12898: 12897: 12887: 12882: 12877: 12872: 12867: 12862: 12861: 12860: 12850: 12845: 12840: 12835: 12830: 12825: 12820: 12815: 12810: 12805: 12800: 12795: 12789: 12787: 12781: 12780: 12778: 12777: 12776: 12775: 12770: 12765: 12760: 12750: 12745: 12740: 12735: 12729: 12727: 12721: 12720: 12718: 12717: 12712: 12711: 12710: 12700: 12699: 12698: 12693: 12688: 12678: 12677: 12676: 12671: 12666: 12664:Eight precepts 12661: 12651: 12650: 12649: 12644: 12639: 12634: 12624: 12623: 12622: 12612: 12607: 12602: 12601: 12600: 12595: 12590: 12580: 12575: 12570: 12565: 12560: 12559: 12558: 12553: 12543: 12538: 12537: 12536: 12531: 12526: 12521: 12516: 12511: 12506: 12501: 12496: 12491: 12486: 12476: 12471: 12466: 12461: 12452: 12442: 12437: 12435:Five Strengths 12432: 12427: 12422: 12417: 12412: 12407: 12402: 12401: 12400: 12395: 12390: 12385: 12375: 12370: 12364: 12362: 12356: 12355: 12353: 12352: 12347: 12342: 12337: 12332: 12327: 12326: 12325: 12320: 12315: 12310: 12300: 12299: 12298: 12293: 12288: 12283: 12278: 12273: 12268: 12263: 12262: 12261: 12256: 12251: 12246: 12230: 12228: 12222: 12221: 12219: 12218: 12213: 12212: 12211: 12206: 12201: 12196: 12191: 12186: 12176: 12170: 12168: 12162: 12161: 12159: 12158: 12153: 12152: 12151: 12146: 12141: 12131: 12126: 12121: 12116: 12111: 12106: 12101: 12096: 12091: 12086: 12081: 12076: 12074:Mental factors 12071: 12066: 12061: 12056: 12051: 12046: 12041: 12036: 12031: 12026: 12021: 12015: 12013: 12007: 12006: 12004: 12003: 11998: 11993: 11988: 11983: 11978: 11973: 11968: 11963: 11958: 11953: 11948: 11943: 11938: 11933: 11928: 11926:Mahamoggallāna 11923: 11918: 11913: 11907: 11905: 11899: 11898: 11896: 11895: 11890: 11885: 11880: 11875: 11870: 11865: 11860: 11855: 11850: 11849: 11848: 11841:Avalokiteśvara 11837: 11835: 11829: 11828: 11826: 11825: 11820: 11815: 11814: 11813: 11805: 11797: 11789: 11781: 11773: 11765: 11752: 11747: 11742: 11737: 11732: 11727: 11722: 11717: 11712: 11707: 11702: 11697: 11691: 11689: 11683: 11682: 11680: 11679: 11674: 11669: 11664: 11663: 11662: 11657: 11652: 11642: 11636: 11634: 11628: 11627: 11625: 11624: 11619: 11614: 11603: 11600: 11599: 11580: 11579: 11572: 11565: 11557: 11548: 11547: 11545: 11544: 11532: 11525: 11512: 11509: 11508: 11506: 11505: 11500: 11495: 11490: 11484: 11482: 11478: 11477: 11475: 11474: 11469: 11464: 11458: 11456: 11452: 11451: 11449: 11448: 11440: 11438: 11434: 11433: 11430: 11429: 11427: 11426: 11418: 11416: 11412: 11411: 11409: 11408: 11401: 11398:The Way of Zen 11394: 11386: 11384: 11380: 11379: 11377: 11376: 11369: 11362: 11355: 11348: 11341: 11338:Platform Sutra 11334: 11326: 11324: 11317: 11316:Zen literature 11313: 11312: 11309: 11308: 11306: 11305: 11300: 11295: 11289: 11287: 11283: 11282: 11280: 11279: 11274: 11269: 11263: 11261: 11254: 11250: 11249: 11246: 11245: 11243: 11242: 11237: 11232: 11226: 11224: 11220: 11219: 11217: 11216: 11211: 11206: 11200: 11198: 11194: 11193: 11191: 11190: 11184: 11182: 11178: 11177: 11175: 11174: 11169: 11163: 11161: 11157: 11156: 11154: 11153: 11148: 11142: 11140: 11133: 11129: 11128: 11125: 11124: 11122: 11121: 11115: 11113: 11109: 11108: 11106: 11105: 11099: 11097: 11093: 11092: 11090: 11089: 11084: 11079: 11073: 11071: 11067: 11066: 11064: 11063: 11057: 11055: 11051: 11050: 11048: 11047: 11041: 11039: 11032: 11028: 11027: 11024: 11023: 11021: 11020: 11014: 11012: 11008: 11007: 11005: 11004: 10999: 10994: 10989: 10983: 10981: 10977: 10976: 10974: 10973: 10968: 10963: 10958: 10952: 10950: 10946: 10945: 10943: 10942: 10937: 10932: 10927: 10922: 10917: 10911: 10909: 10905: 10904: 10902: 10901: 10896: 10891: 10889:Philip Kapleau 10885: 10883: 10879: 10878: 10876: 10875: 10870: 10865: 10860: 10855: 10850: 10845: 10840: 10835: 10830: 10828:Taizan Maezumi 10825: 10820: 10815: 10810: 10804: 10802: 10798: 10797: 10795: 10794: 10789: 10787:Kōshō Uchiyama 10784: 10779: 10773: 10771: 10767: 10766: 10764: 10763: 10758: 10753: 10748: 10743: 10741:Shunryū Suzuki 10737: 10735: 10728: 10724: 10723: 10720: 10719: 10717: 10716: 10711: 10705: 10703: 10699: 10698: 10696: 10695: 10690: 10684: 10682: 10675: 10669: 10668: 10665: 10664: 10662: 10661: 10656: 10650: 10648: 10644: 10643: 10641: 10640: 10634: 10632: 10625: 10621: 10620: 10617: 10616: 10614: 10613: 10607: 10605: 10601: 10600: 10598: 10597: 10592: 10586: 10584: 10580: 10579: 10577: 10576: 10571: 10566: 10560: 10558: 10554: 10553: 10551: 10550: 10545: 10540: 10534: 10532: 10525: 10519: 10518: 10515: 10514: 10512: 10511: 10505: 10503: 10499: 10498: 10496: 10495: 10490: 10485: 10483:Chung Tai Shan 10480: 10475: 10470: 10465: 10460: 10454: 10452: 10448: 10447: 10445: 10444: 10442:Guiyang school 10439: 10437:Caodong school 10434: 10428: 10426: 10422: 10421: 10419: 10418: 10413: 10408: 10403: 10398: 10392: 10390: 10383: 10379: 10378: 10375: 10374: 10372: 10371: 10369:Thích Thanh Từ 10366: 10361: 10356: 10354:Trần Nhân Tông 10351: 10346: 10340: 10338: 10334: 10333: 10331: 10330: 10325: 10320: 10315: 10309: 10307: 10303: 10302: 10300: 10299: 10294: 10288: 10286: 10282: 10281: 10279: 10278: 10273: 10271:Taizan Maezumi 10267: 10265: 10261: 10260: 10258: 10257: 10255:Philip Kapleau 10252: 10247: 10242: 10236: 10234: 10230: 10229: 10227: 10226: 10224:Shunryū Suzuki 10221: 10215: 10213: 10209: 10208: 10206: 10205: 10200: 10195: 10190: 10185: 10180: 10174: 10172: 10168: 10167: 10165: 10164: 10159: 10153: 10151: 10147: 10146: 10144: 10143: 10138: 10133: 10128: 10122: 10120: 10119:Modern Guiyang 10116: 10115: 10113: 10112: 10107: 10102: 10096: 10094: 10093:Modern Caodong 10090: 10089: 10087: 10086: 10081: 10076: 10071: 10066: 10061: 10056: 10051: 10046: 10041: 10036: 10030: 10028: 10024: 10023: 10021: 10020: 10015: 10010: 10008:Xuedou Zhijian 10005: 10000: 9995: 9990: 9985: 9980: 9975: 9970: 9965: 9960: 9958:Tongan Guanzhi 9955: 9950: 9945: 9940: 9938:Yaoshan Weiyan 9935: 9930: 9925: 9920: 9915: 9910: 9905: 9900: 9895: 9890: 9885: 9880: 9875: 9870: 9865: 9860: 9855: 9850: 9845: 9840: 9835: 9829: 9827: 9826:Classical Chan 9820: 9816: 9815: 9813: 9812: 9807: 9802: 9797: 9796: 9795: 9783: 9778: 9772: 9770: 9766: 9765: 9763: 9762: 9757: 9752: 9747: 9742: 9737: 9732: 9727: 9721: 9719: 9715: 9714: 9712: 9711: 9706: 9701: 9696: 9691: 9686: 9681: 9679:Zen scriptures 9675: 9673: 9669: 9668: 9666: 9665: 9660: 9655: 9649: 9647: 9643: 9642: 9640: 9639: 9634: 9629: 9624: 9619: 9614: 9608: 9606: 9602: 9601: 9594: 9593: 9586: 9579: 9571: 9562: 9561: 9559: 9558: 9551: 9544: 9537: 9530: 9523: 9516: 9508: 9505: 9504: 9502: 9501: 9499:Sixteen Arhats 9496: 9491: 9486: 9481: 9476: 9471: 9466: 9461: 9456: 9451: 9449:Prince Shōtoku 9446: 9441: 9436: 9430: 9428: 9422: 9421: 9419: 9418: 9413: 9408: 9405: 9402: 9401:Hikosan Gongen 9399: 9398:Yuga Daigongen 9396: 9393: 9390: 9387: 9384: 9381: 9380:Hakusan Gongen 9378: 9375: 9372: 9369: 9366: 9363: 9358: 9355: 9350: 9349:Ochi Daigongen 9347: 9344: 9340: 9338: 9330: 9329: 9327: 9326: 9321: 9316: 9311: 9306: 9304:Apsara (Hiten) 9301: 9296: 9291: 9289:Pṛthvī (Jiten) 9286: 9281: 9276: 9273: 9268: 9263: 9258: 9253: 9248: 9243: 9238: 9233: 9230: 9225: 9222: 9217: 9211: 9209: 9201: 9200: 9198: 9197: 9192: 9187: 9182: 9177: 9172: 9167: 9161: 9159: 9151: 9150: 9148: 9147: 9142: 9137: 9132: 9127: 9122: 9117: 9112: 9107: 9102: 9096: 9094: 9086: 9085: 9078: 9076: 9074: 9073: 9068: 9063: 9058: 9053: 9047: 9045: 9037: 9036: 9027: 9026: 9019: 9012: 9004: 8995: 8994: 8992: 8991: 8986: 8981: 8976: 8971: 8966: 8961: 8956: 8951: 8945: 8942: 8941: 8939: 8938: 8933: 8928: 8923: 8918: 8913: 8908: 8903: 8898: 8893: 8888: 8883: 8877: 8875: 8867: 8866: 8864: 8863: 8858: 8853: 8848: 8843: 8838: 8833: 8828: 8823: 8818: 8813: 8808: 8803: 8798: 8793: 8788: 8783: 8778: 8773: 8768: 8762: 8760: 8752: 8751: 8749: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8733: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8716:Yaksha (Yèchà) 8713: 8708: 8703: 8698: 8693: 8688: 8683: 8678: 8673: 8668: 8663: 8658: 8653: 8648: 8647: 8646: 8641: 8631: 8626: 8621: 8616: 8611: 8606: 8601: 8596: 8594:Surya (Rìtiān) 8591: 8586: 8581: 8576: 8571: 8566: 8561: 8556: 8551: 8546: 8540: 8538: 8530: 8529: 8527: 8526: 8521: 8516: 8511: 8506: 8501: 8496: 8491: 8486: 8481: 8476: 8471: 8466: 8461: 8455: 8453: 8445: 8444: 8442: 8441: 8436: 8431: 8426: 8421: 8416: 8411: 8406: 8401: 8396: 8391: 8386: 8381: 8376: 8371: 8366: 8361: 8356: 8351: 8345: 8343: 8335: 8334: 8327: 8325: 8323: 8322: 8317: 8312: 8307: 8302: 8297: 8292: 8287: 8282: 8277: 8272: 8267: 8262: 8257: 8252: 8247: 8242: 8236: 8234: 8226: 8225: 8220: 8219: 8212: 8205: 8197: 8189: 8188: 8183: 8180: 8173: 8168: 8164: 8163: 8155: 8154: 8149: 8143: 8129: 8128:External links 8126: 8125: 8124: 8119: 8106: 8101: 8086: 8081: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8060: 8033: 8030:on 2009-10-27. 8010: 7981: 7959: 7929: 7926:on 2006-09-01. 7918:Keizan Jokin. 7910: 7888: 7852: 7850: 7847: 7845: 7844: 7839: 7822: 7810:10.2307/602960 7793: 7784: 7779: 7767:Wong, Kiew Kit 7763: 7758: 7745: 7740: 7732:The Way of Zen 7727: 7719:Watts, Alan W. 7715: 7685: 7676: 7671: 7655: 7625: 7606:, ed. (1932), 7600: 7594: 7577: 7556: 7540: 7525: 7519: 7506: 7497: 7485: 7480: 7467: 7462: 7447: 7438: 7433: 7420: 7396: 7387: 7382: 7369: 7356: 7346: 7319: 7310: 7301: 7268: 7263: 7250: 7241: 7190: 7185: 7176:Buddha or Bust 7170: 7165: 7152: 7130:10.1086/463039 7124:(3): 187–198, 7109: 7088: 7072: 7057: 7051: 7025: 6991: 6982: 6973: 6968: 6955: 6927:(1/4): 37–49, 6912: 6907: 6894: 6889: 6876: 6871: 6858: 6854:978-8120841529 6853: 6839: 6837: 6834: 6832: 6829: 6827: 6826: 6824:, p. 102. 6814: 6802: 6781: 6779:, p. 118. 6769: 6740: 6711: 6685: 6656: 6653:on 2007-06-19. 6634: 6622: 6610: 6598: 6596:, p. 141. 6586: 6573: 6546: 6544:, p. 129. 6531: 6519: 6507: 6495: 6493:, p. 138. 6491:Broughton 1999 6483: 6479:Broughton 1999 6471: 6459: 6447: 6435: 6425: 6413: 6401: 6389: 6377: 6365: 6353: 6351:, p. 266. 6341: 6329: 6317: 6315:, p. 168. 6305: 6296: 6294:, p. 5-6. 6292:Yampolski 2003 6284: 6272: 6260: 6248: 6236: 6224: 6212: 6200: 6198:, p. 186. 6196:Garfinkel 2006 6183: 6171: 6159: 6157:, p. 132. 6155:Broughton 1999 6147: 6135: 6133:, p. 183. 6114: 6112:, p. 106. 6102: 6087: 6083:Broughton 1999 6075: 6063: 6051: 6039: 6027: 6015: 6003: 6001:, p. 125. 5991: 5975: 5963: 5959:Broughton 1999 5948: 5939: 5930: 5926:Broughton 1999 5918: 5903: 5891: 5887:Broughton 1999 5879: 5867: 5821: 5800: 5785: 5783:, p. 119. 5781:Broughton 1999 5773: 5771:, p. 182. 5756: 5744: 5740:Broughton 1999 5727: 5725:, p. 139. 5723:Broughton 1999 5715: 5711:Broughton 1999 5700: 5685: 5681:Broughton 1999 5673: 5669:Broughton 1999 5656: 5649: 5631: 5610: 5602:Gasparini 2014 5594: 5578: 5576:, p. 124. 5566: 5563:on 2018-06-03. 5531: 5529:, p. 159. 5527:Jorgensen 2000 5516: 5504: 5490: 5475: 5468: 5445: 5433: 5412: 5400: 5396:Broughton 1999 5388: 5369: 5346: 5325: 5321:Broughton 1999 5302: 5298:Broughton 1999 5279: 5260: 5248: 5236: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5212: 5211: 5197: 5184: 5171: 5150: 5141: 5121: 5117:níngzhù bìguān 5108: 5099: 5091:Greco-Buddhist 5077: 5057: 5029: 5025: 5024: 5013: 5003: 4996: 4977: 4975: 4974: 4967: 4956: 4940: 4939: 4937: 4934: 4933: 4932: 4925: 4920: 4913: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4884: 4881: 4866: 4853: 4850: 4849: 4848: 4833: 4819: 4802: 4785: 4752: 4749: 4705: 4702: 4566: 4502: 4499: 4460: 4459:Shaolin boxing 4457: 4446: 4445:Abode in China 4443: 4419: 4416: 4410:, which means 4399: 4396: 4373:Andhra Pradesh 4345: 4342: 4319: 4316: 4311: 4308: 4305: 4304: 4298: 4292: 4286: 4280: 4274: 4270: 4269: 4266: 4263: 4260: 4257: 4252: 4248: 4247: 4244: 4241: 4240:Bất-Như-Mật-Đa 4238: 4235: 4230: 4226: 4225: 4222: 4219: 4216: 4213: 4210: 4206: 4205: 4202: 4199: 4196: 4193: 4190: 4186: 4185: 4182: 4179: 4176: 4173: 4170: 4166: 4165: 4162: 4159: 4156: 4153: 4150: 4146: 4145: 4142: 4139: 4136: 4133: 4128: 4124: 4123: 4120: 4117: 4114: 4113:闍夜多 / Shéyèduō 4111: 4108: 4104: 4103: 4100: 4097: 4094: 4091: 4088: 4084: 4083: 4080: 4077: 4076:Tăng-Già-Da-Xá 4074: 4071: 4068: 4064: 4063: 4060: 4057: 4054: 4051: 4048: 4044: 4043: 4040: 4037: 4034: 4031: 4028: 4024: 4023: 4020: 4017: 4014: 4011: 4005: 4001: 4000: 3997: 3994: 3991: 3988: 3983: 3979: 3978: 3975: 3972: 3969: 3966: 3963: 3959: 3958: 3955: 3952: 3949: 3946: 3940: 3936: 3935: 3932: 3929: 3926: 3923: 3920: 3916: 3915: 3912: 3909: 3906: 3903: 3900: 3896: 3895: 3892: 3889: 3888:Phục-Đà-Mật-Đa 3886: 3883: 3878: 3874: 3873: 3870: 3867: 3866:Phật-Đà-Nan-Đề 3864: 3861: 3858: 3854: 3853: 3850: 3847: 3844: 3841: 3836: 3832: 3831: 3830:미차가 / Michaga 3828: 3825: 3822: 3821:彌遮迦 / Mízhējiā 3819: 3816: 3812: 3811: 3810:제다가 / Chedaga 3808: 3805: 3802: 3801:提多迦 / Dīduōjiā 3799: 3796: 3792: 3791: 3788: 3785: 3782: 3779: 3774: 3770: 3769: 3766: 3763: 3760: 3757: 3752: 3748: 3747: 3744: 3741: 3738: 3735: 3730: 3726: 3725: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3708: 3704: 3703: 3698: 3693: 3688: 3683: 3678: 3652: 3625: 3622: 3619: 3618: 3615: 3612: 3609: 3606: 3602: 3601: 3598: 3594: 3593: 3587: 3584: 3581: 3578: 3574: 3573: 3567: 3561: 3555: 3549: 3545: 3544: 3541: 3538: 3535: 3532: 3528: 3527: 3524: 3521: 3518: 3515: 3511: 3510: 3507: 3504: 3500: 3499: 3496: 3493: 3490: 3487: 3483: 3482: 3479: 3476: 3473: 3470: 3466: 3465: 3459: 3448: 3439: 3428: 3419: 3418:Six patriarchs 3416: 3358:The idea of a 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3334: 3331: 3252: 3249: 3203: 3200: 3171: 3162: 3159: 3157: 3154: 3145: 3142: 3140:have no legs. 3087: 3084: 3051: 3037: 3034: 3029: 3026: 2898:), painted by 2875: 2869: 2772:, 17th century 2757: 2754: 2694: 2691: 2681: 2678: 2649: 2646: 2617: 2614: 2542:Shaolin Temple 2533: 2528: 2526: 2525:Later accounts 2523: 2443:(1686 to 1769) 2424: 2421: 2384: 2379: 2312: 2309: 2288:Western Region 2246: 2245: 2243: 2242: 2235: 2228: 2220: 2217: 2216: 2213: 2212: 2207: 2202: 2197: 2191: 2188: 2187: 2184: 2183: 2180: 2179: 2174: 2169: 2164: 2159: 2154: 2149: 2143: 2140: 2139: 2136: 2135: 2132: 2131: 2125: 2122: 2121: 2118: 2117: 2114: 2113: 2108: 2102: 2099: 2098: 2095: 2094: 2091: 2090: 2085: 2080: 2075: 2070: 2065: 2060: 2055: 2049: 2046: 2045: 2042: 2041: 2038: 2037: 2032: 2027: 2022: 2017: 2012: 2007: 2002: 1997: 1992: 1987: 1982: 1980:Hanshan Deqing 1977: 1972: 1967: 1962: 1957: 1952: 1947: 1942: 1937: 1932: 1927: 1925:Śubhakarasiṃha 1922: 1917: 1912: 1907: 1902: 1897: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1847: 1842: 1837: 1831: 1828: 1827: 1824: 1823: 1820: 1819: 1814: 1809: 1804: 1799: 1793: 1788: 1787: 1784: 1783: 1772: 1771: 1765: 1764: 1740:who inhabited 1697: 1692: 1635: 1634: 1632: 1631: 1624: 1617: 1609: 1606: 1605: 1602: 1601: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1581: 1576: 1571: 1565: 1562: 1561: 1558: 1557: 1554: 1553: 1551:Zen Narratives 1548: 1543: 1538: 1533: 1527: 1524: 1523: 1520: 1519: 1511: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1495: 1493:Shunryū Suzuki 1490: 1488:Taizan Maezumi 1485: 1480: 1469: 1468: 1466:Thích Thiên-Ân 1463: 1458: 1456:Thích Thanh Từ 1453: 1451:Trần Nhân Tông 1448: 1446:Trần Thái Tông 1437: 1436: 1431: 1426: 1421: 1410: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1389: 1384: 1373: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1349: 1348: 1346:Hanshan Deqing 1343: 1334:Post-classical 1330: 1329: 1324: 1319: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1242: 1239: 1238: 1235: 1234: 1231: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1215: 1210: 1205: 1200: 1195: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1129: 1126: 1125: 1122: 1121: 1118: 1117: 1112: 1107: 1105:Platform Sutra 1102: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1074: 1073: 1068: 1063: 1058: 1053: 1048: 1043: 1032: 1027: 1026: 1023: 1022: 1019: 1018: 1013: 1008: 1003: 998: 996:Buddhist chant 993: 988: 983: 978: 973: 968: 962: 957: 952: 947: 942: 937: 932: 927: 921: 918: 917: 914: 913: 910: 909: 904: 899: 894: 892:Zen and Sutras 883: 882: 877: 866: 865: 860: 855: 850: 838: 837: 832: 827: 822: 817: 812: 807: 797: 794: 793: 790: 789: 786: 785: 780: 772: 764: 756: 748: 742: 739: 738: 735: 734: 726: 725: 717: 716: 700: 699: 680: 677: 675: 672: 668:Gautama Buddha 573:of awakening ( 557:Shaolin kungfu 520: 519: 517: 516: 509: 508: 507: 504: 503: 498: 494: 493: 492:Senior posting 489: 488: 483: 479: 478: 473: 469: 468: 464: 463: 456: 452: 451: 437: 429: 428: 424: 423: 418: 411: 410: 407: 400: 399: 392: 385: 384: 379: 372: 371: 361: 354: 353: 344: 337: 336: 324: 317: 316: 313: 306: 305: 302: 295: 294: 287: 280: 279: 272: 265: 264: 261: 254: 253: 246: 239: 238: 232: 225: 224: 212: 205: 204: 201: 194: 193: 187: 180: 179: 173: 166: 165: 162: 155: 154: 144: 137: 136: 133: 126: 125: 120: 113: 112: 109: 102: 101: 96: 89: 88: 81: 77: 76: 73: 66: 65: 62: 55: 54: 51: 44: 43: 40: 36: 35: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 14338: 14327: 14324: 14322: 14319: 14317: 14314: 14312: 14309: 14307: 14304: 14302: 14299: 14297: 14294: 14292: 14289: 14287: 14284: 14282: 14279: 14277: 14274: 14272: 14269: 14267: 14264: 14262: 14259: 14257: 14254: 14252: 14249: 14247: 14244: 14242: 14239: 14237: 14234: 14233: 14231: 14216: 14211: 14206: 14204: 14196: 14195: 14192: 14186: 14183: 14181: 14178: 14176: 14173: 14171: 14168: 14166: 14163: 14161: 14158: 14156: 14153: 14152: 14150: 14148: 14144: 14138: 14135: 14133: 14130: 14128: 14125: 14123: 14120: 14118: 14115: 14113: 14110: 14108: 14105: 14103: 14100: 14098: 14095: 14093: 14090: 14086: 14083: 14081: 14078: 14077: 14076: 14073: 14071: 14068: 14067: 14065: 14063: 14059: 14051: 14048: 14046: 14043: 14042: 14041: 14038: 14036: 14033: 14031: 14028: 14026: 14023: 14021: 14018: 14016: 14013: 14011: 14008: 14006: 14003: 14001: 13998: 13996: 13993: 13991: 13988: 13986: 13983: 13982: 13980: 13978: 13977:Miscellaneous 13974: 13968: 13967:Vegetarianism 13965: 13963: 13960: 13956: 13953: 13951: 13948: 13946: 13943: 13941: 13938: 13936: 13933: 13932: 13931: 13928: 13926: 13923: 13921: 13918: 13916: 13913: 13911: 13908: 13904: 13901: 13899: 13896: 13894: 13891: 13889: 13886: 13884: 13881: 13880: 13879: 13876: 13874: 13871: 13869: 13866: 13862: 13859: 13858: 13857: 13854: 13852: 13849: 13847: 13844: 13842: 13839: 13835: 13832: 13830: 13827: 13825: 13822: 13820: 13817: 13815: 13812: 13811: 13810: 13807: 13805: 13802: 13800: 13797: 13795: 13792: 13790: 13789:Buddha in art 13787: 13785: 13782: 13780: 13777: 13773: 13770: 13769: 13768: 13765: 13761: 13758: 13756: 13753: 13751: 13748: 13746: 13743: 13741: 13738: 13736: 13733: 13731: 13728: 13724: 13721: 13720: 13719: 13716: 13714: 13711: 13709: 13706: 13704: 13701: 13699: 13696: 13694: 13691: 13689: 13686: 13685: 13684: 13681: 13680: 13678: 13676: 13672: 13666: 13663: 13661: 13658: 13656: 13653: 13651: 13648: 13646: 13643: 13641: 13638: 13636: 13633: 13631: 13628: 13626: 13623: 13621: 13618: 13616: 13613: 13611: 13608: 13606: 13603: 13601: 13598: 13596: 13593: 13591: 13588: 13586: 13583: 13582: 13580: 13578: 13574: 13568: 13565: 13563: 13560: 13558: 13555: 13553: 13550: 13548: 13545: 13543: 13540: 13538: 13535: 13533: 13530: 13528: 13525: 13523: 13520: 13518: 13515: 13511: 13508: 13507: 13506: 13503: 13501: 13498: 13494: 13491: 13490: 13489: 13486: 13484: 13481: 13479: 13476: 13474: 13471: 13469: 13466: 13465: 13463: 13461: 13457: 13449: 13446: 13444: 13443:United States 13441: 13439: 13436: 13434: 13431: 13429: 13426: 13424: 13421: 13419: 13416: 13414: 13411: 13409: 13406: 13404: 13401: 13399: 13396: 13394: 13391: 13389: 13386: 13384: 13381: 13379: 13376: 13374: 13371: 13369: 13366: 13364: 13361: 13359: 13356: 13355: 13354: 13351: 13347: 13344: 13342: 13339: 13338: 13337: 13334: 13330: 13327: 13326: 13325: 13322: 13318: 13315: 13313: 13310: 13309: 13308: 13305: 13303: 13300: 13298: 13295: 13293: 13290: 13288: 13285: 13283: 13280: 13278: 13275: 13270: 13266: 13263: 13261: 13258: 13256: 13253: 13252: 13251: 13248: 13246: 13243: 13241: 13238: 13236: 13233: 13231: 13228: 13226: 13223: 13221: 13218: 13216: 13213: 13211: 13208: 13206: 13203: 13201: 13198: 13196: 13193: 13191: 13188: 13186: 13183: 13181: 13178: 13176: 13173: 13171: 13168: 13166: 13163: 13162: 13160: 13158: 13154: 13148: 13145: 13143: 13142: 13138: 13136: 13133: 13131: 13128: 13126: 13125: 13121: 13119: 13116: 13114: 13111: 13109: 13106: 13104: 13101: 13099: 13096: 13094: 13091: 13090: 13088: 13086: 13082: 13076: 13073: 13071: 13068: 13066: 13063: 13061: 13058: 13056: 13053: 13051: 13048: 13046: 13043: 13041: 13038: 13036: 13033: 13031: 13028: 13026: 13023: 13021: 13018: 13016: 13013: 13011: 13008: 13006: 13003: 13001: 13000:Padmasambhava 12998: 12996: 12993: 12991: 12988: 12986: 12983: 12981: 12978: 12976: 12973: 12971: 12968: 12966: 12963: 12961: 12958: 12956: 12953: 12951: 12948: 12946: 12943: 12941: 12938: 12936: 12933: 12931: 12928: 12926: 12923: 12921: 12918: 12917: 12915: 12913: 12912:Major figures 12909: 12903: 12900: 12896: 12893: 12892: 12891: 12888: 12886: 12883: 12881: 12878: 12876: 12873: 12871: 12868: 12866: 12863: 12859: 12858:Western tulku 12856: 12855: 12854: 12851: 12849: 12846: 12844: 12841: 12839: 12836: 12834: 12831: 12829: 12826: 12824: 12821: 12819: 12816: 12814: 12811: 12809: 12806: 12804: 12801: 12799: 12796: 12794: 12791: 12790: 12788: 12786: 12782: 12774: 12771: 12769: 12766: 12764: 12761: 12759: 12756: 12755: 12754: 12751: 12749: 12746: 12744: 12741: 12739: 12736: 12734: 12731: 12730: 12728: 12726: 12722: 12716: 12713: 12709: 12706: 12705: 12704: 12701: 12697: 12694: 12692: 12689: 12687: 12684: 12683: 12682: 12679: 12675: 12672: 12670: 12667: 12665: 12662: 12660: 12659:Five precepts 12657: 12656: 12655: 12652: 12648: 12645: 12643: 12640: 12638: 12637:Dhamma vicaya 12635: 12633: 12630: 12629: 12628: 12625: 12621: 12618: 12617: 12616: 12613: 12611: 12608: 12606: 12603: 12599: 12596: 12594: 12591: 12589: 12586: 12585: 12584: 12581: 12579: 12576: 12574: 12571: 12569: 12566: 12564: 12561: 12557: 12554: 12552: 12549: 12548: 12547: 12544: 12542: 12539: 12535: 12532: 12530: 12527: 12525: 12522: 12520: 12517: 12515: 12512: 12510: 12507: 12505: 12502: 12500: 12497: 12495: 12492: 12490: 12487: 12484: 12480: 12477: 12475: 12472: 12470: 12467: 12465: 12462: 12459: 12458: 12453: 12451: 12448: 12447: 12446: 12443: 12441: 12438: 12436: 12433: 12431: 12428: 12426: 12423: 12421: 12418: 12416: 12413: 12411: 12408: 12406: 12405:Buddhābhiṣeka 12403: 12399: 12396: 12394: 12391: 12389: 12386: 12384: 12381: 12380: 12379: 12376: 12374: 12371: 12369: 12366: 12365: 12363: 12361: 12357: 12351: 12348: 12346: 12343: 12341: 12338: 12336: 12333: 12331: 12328: 12324: 12321: 12319: 12316: 12314: 12311: 12309: 12306: 12305: 12304: 12301: 12297: 12294: 12292: 12289: 12287: 12284: 12282: 12279: 12277: 12274: 12272: 12269: 12267: 12264: 12260: 12257: 12255: 12252: 12250: 12247: 12245: 12242: 12241: 12240: 12237: 12236: 12235: 12232: 12231: 12229: 12227: 12223: 12217: 12214: 12210: 12207: 12205: 12202: 12200: 12197: 12195: 12192: 12190: 12187: 12185: 12182: 12181: 12180: 12177: 12175: 12172: 12171: 12169: 12167: 12163: 12157: 12154: 12150: 12147: 12145: 12142: 12140: 12137: 12136: 12135: 12132: 12130: 12127: 12125: 12122: 12120: 12117: 12115: 12112: 12110: 12107: 12105: 12102: 12100: 12097: 12095: 12092: 12090: 12087: 12085: 12082: 12080: 12077: 12075: 12072: 12070: 12067: 12065: 12062: 12060: 12057: 12055: 12052: 12050: 12049:Enlightenment 12047: 12045: 12042: 12040: 12039:Dhamma theory 12037: 12035: 12034:Buddha-nature 12032: 12030: 12027: 12025: 12022: 12020: 12017: 12016: 12014: 12012: 12008: 12002: 11999: 11997: 11994: 11992: 11989: 11987: 11984: 11982: 11979: 11977: 11974: 11972: 11969: 11967: 11964: 11962: 11959: 11957: 11954: 11952: 11949: 11947: 11944: 11942: 11939: 11937: 11934: 11932: 11929: 11927: 11924: 11922: 11919: 11917: 11914: 11912: 11909: 11908: 11906: 11904: 11900: 11894: 11891: 11889: 11886: 11884: 11881: 11879: 11876: 11874: 11873:Samantabhadra 11871: 11869: 11866: 11864: 11861: 11859: 11856: 11854: 11851: 11847: 11844: 11843: 11842: 11839: 11838: 11836: 11834: 11830: 11824: 11821: 11819: 11816: 11812: 11806: 11804: 11798: 11796: 11790: 11788: 11782: 11780: 11774: 11772: 11766: 11764: 11758: 11757: 11756: 11753: 11751: 11748: 11746: 11743: 11741: 11738: 11736: 11733: 11731: 11728: 11726: 11723: 11721: 11718: 11716: 11713: 11711: 11708: 11706: 11703: 11701: 11698: 11696: 11693: 11692: 11690: 11688: 11684: 11678: 11675: 11673: 11670: 11668: 11665: 11661: 11658: 11656: 11653: 11651: 11648: 11647: 11646: 11643: 11641: 11638: 11637: 11635: 11633: 11629: 11623: 11620: 11618: 11615: 11613: 11605: 11604: 11601: 11596: 11591: 11586: 11578: 11573: 11571: 11566: 11564: 11559: 11558: 11555: 11538: 11537: 11533: 11531: 11530: 11529:Zen Buddhists 11526: 11524: 11523: 11514: 11513: 11510: 11504: 11501: 11499: 11496: 11494: 11491: 11489: 11486: 11485: 11483: 11479: 11473: 11470: 11468: 11465: 11463: 11460: 11459: 11457: 11453: 11447: 11446: 11442: 11441: 11439: 11435: 11425: 11424: 11420: 11419: 11417: 11413: 11407: 11406: 11402: 11400: 11399: 11395: 11393: 11392: 11388: 11387: 11385: 11381: 11375: 11374: 11370: 11368: 11367: 11363: 11361: 11360: 11356: 11354: 11353: 11349: 11347: 11346: 11342: 11340: 11339: 11335: 11333: 11332: 11328: 11327: 11325: 11321: 11318: 11314: 11304: 11301: 11299: 11296: 11294: 11291: 11290: 11288: 11284: 11278: 11275: 11273: 11270: 11268: 11265: 11264: 11262: 11258: 11255: 11251: 11241: 11238: 11236: 11233: 11231: 11228: 11227: 11225: 11221: 11215: 11212: 11210: 11207: 11205: 11202: 11201: 11199: 11195: 11189: 11186: 11185: 11183: 11179: 11173: 11170: 11168: 11165: 11164: 11162: 11158: 11152: 11149: 11147: 11144: 11143: 11141: 11137: 11134: 11130: 11120: 11119:Kaishin Inshu 11117: 11116: 11114: 11110: 11104: 11101: 11100: 11098: 11094: 11088: 11085: 11083: 11080: 11078: 11075: 11074: 11072: 11068: 11062: 11059: 11058: 11056: 11052: 11046: 11043: 11042: 11040: 11036: 11033: 11029: 11019: 11016: 11015: 11013: 11009: 11003: 11000: 10998: 10995: 10993: 10990: 10988: 10985: 10984: 10982: 10978: 10972: 10969: 10967: 10964: 10962: 10959: 10957: 10956:Soen Nakagawa 10954: 10953: 10951: 10947: 10941: 10938: 10936: 10933: 10931: 10928: 10926: 10923: 10921: 10918: 10916: 10915:Sōyū Matsuoka 10913: 10912: 10910: 10906: 10900: 10897: 10895: 10892: 10890: 10887: 10886: 10884: 10880: 10874: 10871: 10869: 10868:Dennis Merzel 10866: 10864: 10861: 10859: 10856: 10854: 10851: 10849: 10846: 10844: 10841: 10839: 10836: 10834: 10831: 10829: 10826: 10824: 10821: 10819: 10816: 10814: 10811: 10809: 10806: 10805: 10803: 10799: 10793: 10790: 10788: 10785: 10783: 10780: 10778: 10775: 10774: 10772: 10768: 10762: 10759: 10757: 10754: 10752: 10749: 10747: 10744: 10742: 10739: 10738: 10736: 10732: 10729: 10725: 10715: 10712: 10710: 10707: 10706: 10704: 10700: 10694: 10691: 10689: 10686: 10685: 10683: 10679: 10676: 10674: 10670: 10660: 10657: 10655: 10652: 10651: 10649: 10645: 10639: 10636: 10635: 10633: 10629: 10626: 10622: 10612: 10609: 10608: 10606: 10602: 10596: 10593: 10591: 10588: 10587: 10585: 10581: 10575: 10572: 10570: 10567: 10565: 10562: 10561: 10559: 10555: 10549: 10546: 10544: 10541: 10539: 10536: 10535: 10533: 10529: 10526: 10524: 10520: 10510: 10507: 10506: 10504: 10500: 10494: 10491: 10489: 10486: 10484: 10481: 10479: 10476: 10474: 10473:Fo Guang Shan 10471: 10469: 10466: 10464: 10461: 10459: 10456: 10455: 10453: 10449: 10443: 10440: 10438: 10435: 10433: 10430: 10429: 10427: 10423: 10417: 10416:Yunmen school 10414: 10412: 10409: 10407: 10404: 10402: 10399: 10397: 10394: 10393: 10391: 10387: 10384: 10380: 10370: 10367: 10365: 10362: 10360: 10357: 10355: 10352: 10350: 10347: 10345: 10342: 10341: 10339: 10335: 10329: 10326: 10324: 10321: 10319: 10316: 10314: 10311: 10310: 10308: 10304: 10298: 10295: 10293: 10290: 10289: 10287: 10283: 10277: 10276:Dennis Merzel 10274: 10272: 10269: 10268: 10266: 10262: 10256: 10253: 10251: 10250:Robert Aitken 10248: 10246: 10243: 10241: 10238: 10237: 10235: 10231: 10225: 10222: 10220: 10217: 10216: 10214: 10210: 10204: 10201: 10199: 10198:Soen Nakagawa 10196: 10194: 10191: 10189: 10186: 10184: 10181: 10179: 10178:Imakita Kosen 10176: 10175: 10173: 10171:Modern Rinzai 10169: 10163: 10160: 10158: 10155: 10154: 10152: 10148: 10142: 10139: 10137: 10134: 10132: 10129: 10127: 10124: 10123: 10121: 10117: 10111: 10108: 10106: 10103: 10101: 10098: 10097: 10095: 10091: 10085: 10082: 10080: 10077: 10075: 10072: 10070: 10067: 10065: 10062: 10060: 10057: 10055: 10052: 10050: 10047: 10045: 10044:Nan Huai-Chin 10042: 10040: 10037: 10035: 10032: 10031: 10029: 10027:Modern Lingji 10025: 10019: 10016: 10014: 10011: 10009: 10006: 10004: 10001: 9999: 9996: 9994: 9991: 9989: 9986: 9984: 9983:Danxia Zichun 9981: 9979: 9978:Furong Daokai 9976: 9974: 9971: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9961: 9959: 9956: 9954: 9951: 9949: 9948:Yunju Daoying 9946: 9944: 9941: 9939: 9936: 9934: 9933:Shitou Xiqian 9931: 9929: 9926: 9924: 9921: 9919: 9916: 9914: 9913:Yunmen Wenyan 9911: 9909: 9908:Xuefeng Yicun 9906: 9904: 9903:Dahui Zonggao 9901: 9899: 9896: 9894: 9891: 9889: 9886: 9884: 9881: 9879: 9876: 9874: 9873:Huangbo Xiyun 9871: 9869: 9866: 9864: 9861: 9859: 9856: 9854: 9851: 9849: 9846: 9844: 9841: 9839: 9836: 9834: 9831: 9830: 9828: 9824: 9821: 9817: 9811: 9808: 9806: 9803: 9801: 9798: 9793: 9789: 9788: 9787: 9786:Koan practice 9784: 9782: 9779: 9777: 9774: 9773: 9771: 9767: 9761: 9758: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9723: 9722: 9720: 9716: 9710: 9707: 9705: 9702: 9700: 9697: 9695: 9692: 9690: 9689:Diamond Sutra 9687: 9685: 9682: 9680: 9677: 9676: 9674: 9670: 9664: 9661: 9659: 9656: 9654: 9653:Buddha-nature 9651: 9650: 9648: 9644: 9638: 9635: 9633: 9630: 9628: 9625: 9623: 9620: 9618: 9617:Chan Buddhism 9615: 9613: 9610: 9609: 9607: 9605:Main articles 9603: 9599: 9592: 9587: 9585: 9580: 9578: 9573: 9572: 9569: 9557: 9552: 9550: 9545: 9543: 9538: 9536: 9531: 9529: 9524: 9522: 9517: 9515: 9510: 9509: 9506: 9500: 9497: 9495: 9492: 9490: 9487: 9485: 9482: 9480: 9477: 9475: 9472: 9470: 9467: 9465: 9462: 9460: 9457: 9455: 9452: 9450: 9447: 9445: 9442: 9440: 9437: 9435: 9432: 9431: 9429: 9423: 9417: 9414: 9412: 9409: 9406: 9403: 9400: 9397: 9395:Futara Gongen 9394: 9391: 9388: 9385: 9383:Haguro Gongen 9382: 9379: 9376: 9374:Chimyō Gongen 9373: 9370: 9368:Seiryū Gongen 9367: 9365:Suzuka Gongen 9364: 9362: 9359: 9356: 9354: 9353:Kumano Gongen 9351: 9348: 9345: 9342: 9341: 9339: 9335: 9331: 9325: 9322: 9320: 9317: 9315: 9312: 9310: 9307: 9305: 9302: 9300: 9297: 9295: 9292: 9290: 9287: 9285: 9282: 9280: 9277: 9274: 9272: 9269: 9267: 9264: 9262: 9259: 9257: 9254: 9252: 9249: 9247: 9244: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9231: 9229: 9226: 9223: 9221: 9218: 9216: 9213: 9212: 9210: 9206: 9202: 9196: 9193: 9191: 9188: 9186: 9183: 9181: 9178: 9176: 9173: 9171: 9168: 9166: 9163: 9162: 9160: 9158:明王部 (Myōō-bu) 9156: 9152: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9121: 9118: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9103: 9101: 9098: 9097: 9095: 9091: 9087: 9082: 9072: 9069: 9067: 9064: 9062: 9059: 9057: 9054: 9052: 9049: 9048: 9046: 9042: 9038: 9034: 9025: 9020: 9018: 9013: 9011: 9006: 9005: 9002: 8990: 8987: 8985: 8982: 8980: 8977: 8975: 8972: 8970: 8967: 8965: 8962: 8960: 8957: 8955: 8952: 8950: 8947: 8946: 8943: 8937: 8934: 8932: 8929: 8927: 8924: 8922: 8919: 8917: 8914: 8912: 8909: 8907: 8904: 8902: 8899: 8897: 8894: 8892: 8889: 8887: 8884: 8882: 8879: 8878: 8876: 8872: 8868: 8862: 8859: 8857: 8854: 8852: 8849: 8847: 8844: 8842: 8839: 8837: 8834: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8824: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8809: 8807: 8804: 8802: 8799: 8797: 8794: 8792: 8789: 8787: 8784: 8782: 8779: 8777: 8774: 8772: 8769: 8767: 8764: 8763: 8761: 8757: 8753: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8737: 8734: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8684: 8682: 8679: 8677: 8676:Ziwei Emperor 8674: 8672: 8669: 8667: 8664: 8662: 8659: 8657: 8654: 8652: 8649: 8645: 8642: 8640: 8637: 8636: 8635: 8632: 8630: 8627: 8625: 8622: 8620: 8617: 8615: 8612: 8610: 8607: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8597: 8595: 8592: 8590: 8587: 8585: 8582: 8580: 8577: 8575: 8572: 8570: 8567: 8565: 8562: 8560: 8557: 8555: 8552: 8550: 8547: 8545: 8542: 8541: 8539: 8535: 8531: 8525: 8522: 8520: 8517: 8515: 8512: 8510: 8507: 8505: 8502: 8500: 8497: 8495: 8492: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8465: 8462: 8460: 8457: 8456: 8454: 8452:明王 (Míngwáng) 8450: 8446: 8440: 8437: 8435: 8432: 8430: 8427: 8425: 8422: 8420: 8417: 8415: 8412: 8410: 8407: 8405: 8402: 8400: 8397: 8395: 8392: 8390: 8387: 8385: 8382: 8380: 8377: 8375: 8372: 8370: 8367: 8365: 8362: 8360: 8357: 8355: 8352: 8350: 8347: 8346: 8344: 8340: 8336: 8331: 8321: 8318: 8316: 8313: 8311: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8301: 8298: 8296: 8293: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8266: 8263: 8261: 8258: 8256: 8253: 8251: 8248: 8246: 8243: 8241: 8238: 8237: 8235: 8231: 8227: 8218: 8213: 8211: 8206: 8204: 8199: 8198: 8195: 8186: 8179: 8178: 8171: 8165: 8162: 8158: 8153: 8150: 8147: 8144: 8141: 8136: 8132: 8131: 8122: 8116: 8112: 8107: 8104: 8102:0-86547-399-4 8098: 8094: 8093: 8087: 8084: 8082:0-520-21972-4 8078: 8074: 8069: 8068: 8050: 8049: 8044: 8037: 8029: 8025: 8024:geocities.com 8021: 8014: 7999: 7995: 7991: 7985: 7977: 7973: 7971: 7963: 7948: 7944: 7940: 7937:Simon Child. 7933: 7925: 7921: 7914: 7906: 7902: 7900: 7892: 7878:on 2014-02-22 7874: 7867: 7860: 7858: 7853: 7842: 7836: 7832: 7828: 7823: 7819: 7815: 7811: 7807: 7803: 7799: 7794: 7790: 7785: 7782: 7780:0-8048-3439-3 7776: 7772: 7768: 7764: 7761: 7759:0-415-02537-0 7755: 7751: 7746: 7743: 7741:0-14-020547-0 7737: 7733: 7728: 7724: 7720: 7716: 7705: 7701: 7697: 7693: 7692: 7686: 7682: 7677: 7674: 7672:0-8021-5118-3 7668: 7664: 7660: 7656: 7647:on 2011-07-21 7643: 7636: 7635: 7630: 7626: 7615: 7611: 7610: 7605: 7601: 7597: 7595:0-7914-0172-3 7591: 7587: 7583: 7578: 7575:on 2014-03-03 7571: 7564: 7563: 7557: 7547: 7543: 7537: 7533: 7532: 7526: 7522: 7516: 7512: 7507: 7503: 7498: 7494: 7490: 7486: 7483: 7477: 7473: 7468: 7465: 7463:0-86547-399-4 7459: 7455: 7454: 7448: 7444: 7439: 7436: 7430: 7426: 7421: 7410: 7406: 7402: 7397: 7393: 7388: 7385: 7383:0-671-04188-6 7379: 7375: 7370: 7366: 7362: 7357: 7352: 7347: 7338:on 2015-11-06 7334: 7327: 7326: 7320: 7316: 7311: 7307: 7302: 7293:on 2011-02-23 7289: 7285: 7281: 7274: 7269: 7266: 7264:0-8048-1947-5 7260: 7256: 7251: 7247: 7242: 7237: 7231: 7216: 7212: 7208: 7204: 7200: 7196: 7191: 7188: 7182: 7178: 7177: 7171: 7168: 7166:0-86171-163-7 7162: 7158: 7153: 7143: 7139: 7135: 7131: 7127: 7123: 7119: 7115: 7110: 7100: 7096: 7095: 7089: 7079: 7075: 7069: 7065: 7064: 7058: 7054: 7048: 7044: 7043: 7038: 7034: 7033:Heisig, James 7030: 7026: 7023: 7019: 7014: 7009: 7005: 7001: 6997: 6992: 6988: 6983: 6979: 6974: 6971: 6965: 6961: 6956: 6947:on 2011-05-24 6946: 6942: 6938: 6934: 6930: 6926: 6922: 6918: 6913: 6910: 6908:0-7641-5598-9 6904: 6900: 6895: 6892: 6890:0-02-865718-7 6886: 6882: 6877: 6874: 6872:0-520-21972-4 6868: 6864: 6859: 6856: 6850: 6846: 6841: 6840: 6823: 6818: 6812:, p. 85. 6811: 6806: 6799: 6794: 6792: 6790: 6788: 6786: 6778: 6773: 6758: 6754: 6750: 6744: 6729: 6725: 6721: 6715: 6701:on 2014-01-14 6700: 6696: 6689: 6674: 6670: 6666: 6660: 6652: 6648: 6644: 6638: 6631: 6626: 6619: 6614: 6607: 6602: 6595: 6590: 6576: 6570: 6566: 6559: 6558: 6550: 6543: 6538: 6536: 6528: 6523: 6516: 6511: 6504: 6499: 6492: 6487: 6481:, p. 55. 6480: 6475: 6468: 6463: 6456: 6451: 6444: 6439: 6429: 6422: 6417: 6411:, p. 90. 6410: 6405: 6398: 6393: 6386: 6381: 6375:, p. 25. 6374: 6369: 6363:, p. 24. 6362: 6357: 6350: 6345: 6339:, p. 50. 6338: 6333: 6326: 6321: 6314: 6309: 6300: 6293: 6288: 6281: 6276: 6270:, p. 37. 6269: 6268:Dumoulin 1993 6264: 6258:, p. 32. 6257: 6252: 6245: 6240: 6233: 6228: 6221: 6216: 6209: 6204: 6197: 6192: 6190: 6188: 6180: 6175: 6168: 6167:Ferguson 2000 6163: 6156: 6151: 6145:, p. 86. 6144: 6139: 6132: 6127: 6125: 6123: 6121: 6119: 6111: 6106: 6100:, p. 58. 6099: 6094: 6092: 6084: 6079: 6072: 6067: 6060: 6055: 6048: 6043: 6036: 6031: 6024: 6019: 6012: 6007: 6000: 5995: 5988: 5984: 5979: 5973:, p. 52. 5972: 5967: 5961:, p. 62. 5960: 5955: 5953: 5943: 5934: 5927: 5922: 5916:, p. 96. 5915: 5910: 5908: 5900: 5895: 5888: 5883: 5876: 5871: 5863: 5859: 5855: 5851: 5844: 5842: 5840: 5838: 5836: 5834: 5832: 5830: 5828: 5826: 5811: 5804: 5797: 5792: 5790: 5782: 5777: 5770: 5765: 5763: 5761: 5753: 5748: 5741: 5736: 5734: 5732: 5724: 5719: 5713:, p. 56. 5712: 5707: 5705: 5696: 5689: 5683:, p. 53. 5682: 5677: 5670: 5665: 5663: 5661: 5652: 5650:0-02-865719-5 5646: 5642: 5635: 5628: 5624: 5620: 5614: 5607: 5603: 5598: 5591: 5587: 5582: 5575: 5570: 5562: 5558: 5554: 5550: 5546: 5542: 5535: 5528: 5523: 5521: 5514: 5508: 5500: 5494: 5487: 5482: 5480: 5471: 5465: 5461: 5454: 5452: 5450: 5442: 5441:Zvelebil 1987 5437: 5430: 5425: 5423: 5421: 5419: 5417: 5409: 5404: 5397: 5392: 5386:, p. 87. 5385: 5380: 5378: 5376: 5374: 5367:, p. 89. 5366: 5361: 5359: 5357: 5355: 5353: 5351: 5344:, p. 26. 5343: 5338: 5336: 5334: 5332: 5330: 5322: 5317: 5315: 5313: 5311: 5309: 5307: 5299: 5294: 5292: 5290: 5288: 5286: 5284: 5277:, p. 88. 5276: 5271: 5269: 5267: 5265: 5257: 5252: 5245: 5240: 5234:, p. 65. 5233: 5228: 5226: 5221: 5208: 5201: 5194: 5188: 5181: 5175: 5168: 5164: 5160: 5154: 5145: 5138: 5134: 5130: 5125: 5118: 5112: 5103: 5096: 5092: 5087: 5081: 5074: 5070: 5067: 5061: 5054: 5050: 5046: 5042: 5036: 5034: 5022: 5018: 5014: 5011: 5008: 5004: 5001: 4997: 4994: 4990: 4986: 4985: 4981: 4972: 4968: 4965: 4961: 4957: 4954: 4950: 4949: 4945: 4941: 4931: 4930: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4918: 4914: 4912: 4911: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4886: 4880: 4875: 4864: 4859: 4846: 4842: 4838: 4834: 4831: 4827: 4823: 4820: 4817: 4816:Oxhead school 4813: 4811: 4806: 4803: 4800: 4796: 4793: 4789: 4786: 4783: 4779: 4778:Kuan-hsin lun 4775: 4771: 4768: 4764: 4761: 4760: 4759: 4756: 4748: 4746: 4742: 4738: 4733: 4731: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4717: 4713: 4712: 4701: 4699: 4694: 4693: 4688: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4672: 4671:Master of Zen 4667: 4663: 4662:Chan Buddhism 4659: 4658: 4653: 4652: 4646: 4642: 4630: 4626: 4617: 4604: 4600: 4596: 4591: 4589: 4585: 4581: 4572:, case no. 37 4571: 4565: 4564: 4559: 4557: 4553: 4552: 4547: 4543: 4542: 4537: 4533: 4529: 4528: 4519: 4515: 4511: 4507: 4498: 4496: 4492: 4486: 4483: 4478: 4476: 4472: 4471: 4466: 4456: 4442: 4438: 4436: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4415: 4413: 4409: 4405: 4395: 4393: 4389: 4385: 4380: 4378: 4374: 4369: 4367: 4363: 4359: 4353: 4351: 4341: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4325: 4315: 4303: 4299: 4297: 4293: 4291: 4287: 4285: 4281: 4279: 4276:Dharmayana / 4275: 4272: 4271: 4267: 4264: 4262:Bát-Nhã-Đa-La 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4250: 4249: 4245: 4242: 4239: 4236: 4234: 4231: 4228: 4227: 4223: 4220: 4217: 4214: 4211: 4208: 4207: 4203: 4200: 4197: 4194: 4191: 4188: 4187: 4183: 4180: 4177: 4174: 4171: 4168: 4167: 4164:마나라 / Manara 4163: 4160: 4157: 4155:摩拏羅 / Mónáluó 4154: 4152:Manorhitajuna 4151: 4148: 4147: 4143: 4140: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4129: 4126: 4125: 4122:사야다 / Sayada 4121: 4118: 4115: 4112: 4109: 4106: 4105: 4101: 4098: 4095: 4092: 4089: 4086: 4085: 4081: 4078: 4075: 4072: 4069: 4066: 4065: 4061: 4058: 4055: 4052: 4049: 4046: 4045: 4041: 4038: 4035: 4032: 4029: 4026: 4025: 4021: 4018: 4015: 4012: 4009: 4006: 4003: 4002: 3998: 3995: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3981: 3980: 3976: 3973: 3970: 3967: 3964: 3961: 3960: 3956: 3953: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3941: 3938: 3937: 3933: 3930: 3927: 3924: 3921: 3918: 3917: 3913: 3910: 3907: 3904: 3901: 3898: 3897: 3893: 3890: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3879: 3876: 3875: 3871: 3868: 3865: 3862: 3859: 3856: 3855: 3851: 3848: 3845: 3842: 3840: 3837: 3834: 3833: 3829: 3826: 3823: 3820: 3817: 3814: 3813: 3809: 3806: 3803: 3800: 3797: 3794: 3793: 3789: 3786: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3772: 3771: 3767: 3764: 3761: 3758: 3756: 3753: 3750: 3749: 3745: 3742: 3739: 3736: 3734: 3731: 3728: 3727: 3723: 3720: 3718:Ma-Ha-Ca-Diếp 3717: 3714: 3712: 3709: 3706: 3705: 3702: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3692: 3689: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3677: 3676: 3673: 3671: 3665: 3651: 3649: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3636: 3630: 3616: 3613: 3610: 3607: 3604: 3603: 3599: 3596: 3595: 3592:慧能 (638–713) 3591: 3585: 3582: 3575: 3572:弘忍 (601–674) 3571: 3568: 3565: 3562: 3559: 3556: 3553: 3550: 3547: 3546: 3542: 3539: 3536: 3533: 3530: 3529: 3525: 3522: 3519: 3516: 3513: 3512: 3508: 3505: 3502: 3501: 3497: 3494: 3491: 3484: 3480: 3477: 3474: 3471: 3468: 3467: 3463: 3460: 3452: 3449: 3443: 3440: 3432: 3429: 3427: 3426: 3423: 3415: 3412: 3408: 3403: 3398: 3395: 3393: 3389: 3379: 3369: 3365: 3361: 3346: 3344: 3340: 3330: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3271:According to 3266: 3262: 3261:Himeji Castle 3257: 3248: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3233: 3227: 3220: 3212: 3208: 3199: 3197: 3190: 3169: 3167: 3153: 3151: 3141: 3139: 3135: 3134: 3127: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3111: 3109: 3101: 3097: 3092: 3083: 3081: 3080: 3075: 3068: 3060: 3049: 3047: 3043: 3033: 3024: 3019: 3017: 3010: 3005: 3003: 2998: 2996: 2992: 2991:enlightenment 2988: 2985:, one of the 2984: 2979: 2977: 2971: 2969: 2963: 2961: 2955: 2947: 2943: 2942: 2935: 2933: 2927: 2925: 2921: 2913: 2912:samurai caste 2909: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2882:Bodhidharma ( 2880: 2874: 2868: 2866: 2862: 2857: 2855: 2849: 2841: 2837: 2832: 2826: 2824: 2818: 2816: 2811: 2809: 2803: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2771: 2767: 2762: 2753: 2751: 2750:Six Dynasties 2747: 2743: 2739: 2734: 2732: 2731:buddha-nature 2727: 2725: 2724: 2719: 2718: 2714: 2713: 2708: 2704: 2700: 2686: 2677: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2645: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2628: 2623: 2613: 2611: 2606: 2602: 2597: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2576: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2551: 2543: 2538: 2532: 2522: 2520: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2497: 2495: 2489: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2473: 2471: 2467: 2462: 2454: 2450: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2429: 2419: 2415: 2413: 2409: 2404: 2402: 2401: 2396: 2392: 2391: 2383: 2378: 2370: 2358: 2353: 2351: 2347: 2346: 2341: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2308: 2306: 2300: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2283: 2281: 2271: 2267: 2260: 2256: 2255: 2241: 2236: 2234: 2229: 2227: 2222: 2221: 2219: 2218: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2192: 2186: 2185: 2178: 2175: 2173: 2170: 2168: 2165: 2163: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2153: 2150: 2148: 2145: 2144: 2138: 2137: 2130: 2127: 2126: 2120: 2119: 2112: 2109: 2107: 2104: 2103: 2097: 2096: 2089: 2086: 2084: 2081: 2079: 2076: 2074: 2071: 2069: 2066: 2064: 2061: 2059: 2056: 2054: 2051: 2050: 2044: 2043: 2036: 2033: 2031: 2030:Nan Huai-Chin 2028: 2026: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2008: 2006: 2003: 2001: 1998: 1996: 1993: 1991: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1978: 1976: 1973: 1971: 1968: 1966: 1965:Dahui Zonggao 1963: 1961: 1958: 1956: 1953: 1951: 1950:Daman Hongren 1948: 1946: 1943: 1941: 1938: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1926: 1923: 1921: 1918: 1916: 1913: 1911: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1901: 1898: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1881: 1878: 1876: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1866: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1856: 1853: 1851: 1848: 1846: 1843: 1841: 1838: 1836: 1833: 1832: 1829:Major figures 1826: 1825: 1818: 1815: 1813: 1810: 1808: 1805: 1803: 1802:Dharmaguptaka 1800: 1798: 1795: 1794: 1791: 1786: 1785: 1778: 1774: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1757: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1702: 1696: 1691: 1689: 1688: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1664:, most often 1663: 1659: 1658: 1652: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1630: 1625: 1623: 1618: 1616: 1611: 1610: 1608: 1607: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1566: 1560: 1559: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1528: 1522: 1521: 1516: 1515: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1494: 1491: 1489: 1486: 1484: 1481: 1479: 1476: 1475: 1474: 1473: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1443: 1442: 1441: 1435: 1432: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1417: 1416: 1415: 1414: 1413:Seon in Korea 1408: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1398: 1395: 1393: 1390: 1388: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1379: 1378: 1377: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1363: 1361: 1358: 1357: 1356: 1355: 1354: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1338: 1337: 1336: 1335: 1328: 1325: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1272:Huineng (Enō) 1270: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1254: 1253: 1252: 1251: 1245: 1244:Chán in China 1237: 1236: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1216: 1214: 1211: 1209: 1206: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1198:Rinzai school 1196: 1194: 1191: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1143:Oxhead school 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1130: 1124: 1123: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1103: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1088: 1086: 1083: 1082: 1081: 1080: 1079: 1078:Chinese texts 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1047: 1044: 1042: 1039: 1038: 1037: 1036: 1030: 1029:Zen scripture 1025: 1024: 1017: 1014: 1012: 1009: 1007: 1004: 1002: 1001:Dharma combat 999: 997: 994: 992: 989: 987: 984: 982: 979: 977: 974: 972: 969: 966: 963: 961: 958: 956: 953: 951: 948: 946: 943: 941: 938: 936: 933: 931: 928: 926: 923: 922: 916: 915: 908: 905: 903: 900: 898: 895: 893: 890: 889: 888: 887: 881: 878: 876: 873: 872: 871: 870: 864: 861: 859: 856: 854: 851: 849: 846: 845: 844: 842: 836: 833: 831: 828: 826: 823: 821: 818: 816: 815:Buddha-nature 813: 811: 808: 806: 803: 802: 800: 799:The "essence" 792: 791: 784: 781: 779: 778: 773: 771: 770: 765: 763: 762: 757: 755: 754: 749: 747: 744: 743: 740:Main articles 737: 736: 732: 728: 727: 724: 719: 718: 712: 710: 702: 701: 697: 693: 692: 685: 671: 669: 665: 664: 659: 658: 652: 650: 646: 645:Liang dynasty 642: 637: 634: 632: 626: 618: 614: 610: 606: 602: 598: 594: 590: 585: 582: 580: 576: 572: 571: 566: 562: 558: 554: 550: 546: 542: 538: 534: 533:Chan Buddhism 530: 529:Buddhist monk 526: 514: 513: 505: 502: 499: 495: 490: 487: 484: 480: 477: 474: 470: 465: 460: 457: 453: 448: 444: 440: 435: 430: 422: 421:P'u-t'i-ta-mo 419: 416: 413: 412: 408: 405: 402: 401: 393: 390: 387: 386: 383: 380: 377: 374: 373: 370: 362: 359: 356: 355: 350: 345: 342: 339: 338: 335: 334:Bhodhidharman 330: 325: 322: 319: 318: 314: 311: 308: 307: 303: 300: 297: 296: 288: 285: 282: 281: 273: 270: 267: 266: 262: 259: 256: 255: 247: 244: 241: 240: 237: 233: 230: 227: 226: 223: 218: 213: 210: 207: 206: 202: 199: 196: 195: 192: 188: 185: 182: 181: 178: 174: 171: 168: 167: 163: 160: 157: 156: 153: 145: 142: 139: 138: 134: 131: 128: 127: 124: 121: 118: 115: 114: 110: 107: 104: 103: 100: 97: 94: 91: 90: 82: 79: 78: 74: 71: 68: 67: 63: 60: 57: 56: 52: 49: 46: 45: 41: 38: 37: 33: 28: 22: 19: 14326:Resurrection 14155:Bodhisattvas 14075:Christianity 14070:Baháʼí Faith 13935:Dharmachakra 13925:Prayer wheel 13915:Prayer beads 13683:Architecture 13562:969 Movement 13346:Saudi Arabia 13324:Central Asia 13317:South Africa 13139: 13122: 13055:Panchen Lama 12969: 12960:Buddhapālita 12556:Satipatthana 12551:Mindful Yoga 12464:Recollection 12378:Brahmavihara 12249:Japanese Zen 12244:Chinese Chan 12204:Animal realm 12011:Key concepts 11833:Bodhisattvas 11645:Three Jewels 11534: 11527: 11522:Zen Buddhism 11520: 11498:Steven Heine 11443: 11421: 11403: 11396: 11389: 11371: 11364: 11357: 11350: 11343: 11336: 11329: 11096:Zendo Kyodan 11038:Sanbo Kyodan 11031:European Zen 10997:Shodo Harada 10823:John Tarrant 10813:Sanbo Kyodan 10751:Mel Weitsman 10681:Extant sects 10611:Kyoto School 10590:Sanbo Kyodan 10557:Extant sects 10523:Japanese Zen 10432:Linji school 10425:Extant sects 10411:Fayan school 10382:Chinese Chán 10233:Sanbo Kyodan 10193:D. T. Suzuki 10162:Hakuin Ekaku 10018:Xueting Fuyu 9973:Touzi Yiqing 9953:Tongan Daopi 9923:Yuanwu Keqin 9878:Linji Yixuan 9832: 9627:Japanese Zen 9443: 9411:Atago Gongen 9407:Izuna Gongen 9392:Sannō Gongen 9389:Hiryō Gongen 9343:Akiha Gongen 9155:Wisdom Kings 9090:Bodhisattvas 8931:Emperor Ming 8890: 8800: 8671:Puti Shushen 8449:Wisdom Kings 8339:Bodhisattvas 8175: 8110: 8091: 8072: 8052:. Retrieved 8046: 8036: 8028:the original 8023: 8013: 8002:. Retrieved 7993: 7984: 7969: 7962: 7951:. Retrieved 7942: 7932: 7924:the original 7913: 7898: 7891: 7880:. Retrieved 7873:the original 7830: 7826: 7825:金实秋 (2008), 7801: 7797: 7788: 7770: 7749: 7731: 7722: 7708:. Retrieved 7690: 7680: 7662: 7659:Suzuki, D.T. 7649:, retrieved 7642:the original 7633: 7629:Suzuki, D.T. 7618:, retrieved 7608: 7604:Suzuki, D.T. 7585: 7581: 7570:the original 7561: 7550:, retrieved 7530: 7510: 7501: 7492: 7471: 7452: 7442: 7424: 7413:, retrieved 7404: 7391: 7373: 7364: 7360: 7350: 7340:, retrieved 7333:the original 7324: 7314: 7305: 7295:, retrieved 7288:the original 7283: 7279: 7254: 7248:, SUNY Press 7245: 7219:. Retrieved 7198: 7175: 7156: 7146:, retrieved 7121: 7117: 7103:, retrieved 7093: 7082:, retrieved 7062: 7041: 7006:(1): 31–53, 7003: 6999: 6995: 6986: 6977: 6959: 6949:, retrieved 6945:the original 6924: 6920: 6898: 6880: 6862: 6844: 6817: 6805: 6772: 6761:. Retrieved 6752: 6743: 6732:. Retrieved 6723: 6714: 6703:. Retrieved 6699:the original 6688: 6677:. Retrieved 6668: 6659: 6651:the original 6646: 6637: 6625: 6613: 6601: 6589: 6578:. Retrieved 6556: 6549: 6527:Henning 1994 6522: 6510: 6498: 6486: 6474: 6467:Buswell 2004 6462: 6450: 6438: 6428: 6421:Acharya 2017 6416: 6404: 6392: 6385:Chaline 2003 6380: 6368: 6356: 6344: 6332: 6320: 6308: 6299: 6287: 6275: 6263: 6251: 6239: 6227: 6222:, Chapter 3. 6215: 6210:, Chapter 3. 6203: 6174: 6162: 6150: 6138: 6105: 6098:Maguire 2001 6078: 6066: 6054: 6042: 6030: 6018: 6013:, p. 1. 6006: 5994: 5978: 5966: 5942: 5933: 5921: 5894: 5882: 5870: 5853: 5849: 5813:. Retrieved 5803: 5776: 5747: 5742:, p. 2. 5718: 5694: 5688: 5676: 5671:, p. 9. 5640: 5634: 5618: 5613: 5597: 5581: 5569: 5561:the original 5548: 5544: 5534: 5512: 5507: 5498: 5493: 5459: 5436: 5403: 5391: 5323:, p. 8. 5251: 5239: 5206: 5200: 5192: 5187: 5174: 5166: 5162: 5158: 5153: 5144: 5128: 5124: 5116: 5111: 5102: 5080: 5069:Pallava king 5060: 5049:Tamil people 5020: 5009: 5006: 4999: 4992: 4980: 4970: 4963: 4959: 4952: 4944: 4927: 4923:Buddhabhadra 4915: 4908: 4878: 4867: 4857: 4855: 4836: 4826:Hsueh-mo lun 4825: 4821: 4809: 4804: 4791: 4787: 4777: 4773: 4769: 4762: 4757: 4754: 4744: 4740: 4734: 4725: 4722:Er zhong ru) 4721: 4714: 4710: 4707: 4690: 4675: 4669: 4655: 4649: 4647: 4639:, lit. "The 4595:Daruma dolls 4592: 4587: 4576: 4569: 4562: 4561: 4556:Wumen Huikai 4549: 4545: 4539: 4535: 4525: 4523: 4494: 4490: 4487: 4481: 4479: 4474: 4468: 4462: 4448: 4440: 4432: 4428: 4421: 4411: 4401: 4381: 4370: 4354: 4349: 4347: 4338: 4334: 4329: 4321: 4313: 4290:Bồ-Đề-Đạt-Ma 4277: 4172:Haklenayaśas 4096:Cưu-Ma-La-Đa 4036:La-Hầu-La-Đa 3928:Phú-Na-Dạ-Xa 3784:Ưu-Ba-Cúc-Đa 3700: 3695: 3690: 3685: 3680: 3669: 3667: 3653: 3639: 3633: 3631: 3627: 3566:弘忍 (601–674) 3560:弘忍 (601–674) 3554:弘忍 (601–674) 3481:Bodhidharma 3461: 3450: 3441: 3430: 3421: 3411:D. T. Suzuki 3409: 3405: 3400: 3396: 3391: 3387: 3357: 3336: 3327:Dampa Sangye 3321: 3305:Luzon Island 3270: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3230: 3222: 3211:Qing dynasty 3195: 3193: 3172: 3165: 3164: 3156:Transmission 3147: 3138:Daruma dolls 3131: 3128: 3112: 3105: 3077: 3071: 3052: 3041: 3039: 3031: 3021: 3012: 3007: 3001: 2999: 2982: 2980: 2976:Léngqié zōng 2975: 2973: 2967: 2965: 2957: 2940: 2937: 2931: 2929: 2919: 2917: 2895: 2872: 2864: 2858: 2851: 2828: 2822: 2820: 2814: 2812: 2805: 2789: 2785: 2777: 2775: 2770:Ming dynasty 2735: 2728: 2722: 2715: 2711: 2696: 2662:South Indian 2654:Pallava king 2651: 2631: 2625: 2621: 2619: 2600: 2598: 2579: 2577: 2562: 2554: 2548: 2546: 2530: 2498: 2490: 2474: 2469: 2463: 2448: 2446: 2441:Hakuin Ekaku 2417: 2411: 2407: 2405: 2398: 2388: 2386: 2381: 2360: 2355: 2350:South Indian 2343: 2337: 2331: 2320:Ming dynasty 2302: 2285: 2270:Yang Xuanzhi 2265: 2251: 2249: 2205:Martial arts 2157:Mount Jiuhua 2141:Sacred Sites 2123:Architecture 1995:Miyun Yuanwu 1939: 1746:Tang Chinese 1694: 1685: 1676:in southern 1666:Central Asia 1655: 1653: 1644: 1638: 1512: 1478:D. T. Suzuki 1471: 1470: 1439: 1438: 1412: 1411: 1402:Hakuin Ekaku 1376:Zen in Japan 1375: 1374: 1353:Contemporary 1352: 1351: 1350: 1333: 1332: 1331: 1256: 1249: 1248: 1247: 1243: 1213:Sanbo Kyodan 1208:Ōbaku school 1163:Tibetan Chan 1077: 1076: 1075: 1034: 1033: 885: 884: 868: 867: 840: 839: 798: 776: 768: 760: 752: 722:Zen Buddhism 708: 661: 655: 653: 649:Northern Wei 638: 635: 628: 609:Buddhist art 605:South Indian 593:Central Asia 586: 583: 568: 564: 560: 525:Bodhidharma 524: 523: 438: 420: 409:Bồ-đề-đạt-ma 381: 368: 333: 235: 222:Bodhidharman 221: 190: 176: 151: 122: 98: 93:Hanyu Pinyin 31: 25:Bodhidharma 18: 14000:Dharma talk 13829:Asalha Puja 13625:Eschatology 13428:Switzerland 13408:New Zealand 13336:Middle East 13245:Philippines 13165:Afghanistan 12970:Bodhidharma 12955:Buddhaghosa 12875:Householder 12785:Monasticism 12738:Bodhisattva 12593:Prostration 12546:Mindfulness 12474:Anapanasati 12457:Kammaṭṭhāna 12254:Korean Seon 12194:Asura realm 12189:Human realm 12129:Ten Fetters 12084:Parinirvana 11986:Uppalavanna 11951:Mahākaccana 11936:Mahākassapa 11868:Kṣitigarbha 11863:Ākāśagarbha 11760:Suddhodāna 11705:Four sights 11632:Foundations 11345:Xinxin Ming 11011:Pan-lineage 10992:Omori Sogen 10940:Brad Warner 10899:Toni Packer 10777:Kōdō Sawaki 10659:Jogye Order 10654:Taego Order 10624:Korean Seon 10306:Korean Seon 10297:Muhō Noelke 10219:Kōdō Sawaki 10212:Modern Sōtō 10183:Soyen Shaku 10084:Shi Yinshun 9848:Dayi Daoxin 9833:Bodhidharma 9694:Heart Sūtra 9622:Korean Seon 9469:Dōgen Kigen 9444:Bodhidharma 9377:Nezu Gongen 9208:天部 (Ten-bu) 8759:羅漢 (Luóhàn) 8706:Nāga (Lóng) 8701:Deva (Tiān) 8170:Prajñādhara 8152:Bodhidharma 8140:Bodhidharma 7849:Web sources 6800:, p. . 6608:, p. . 6606:Sekida 1996 6594:Sekida 1996 6515:Ryuchi 1986 6503:Shahar 2008 6423:, p. . 6337:Suzuki 1948 6313:Suzuki 1949 6220:Haines 1995 6071:Suzuki 1932 6059:Suzuki 1932 6047:Suzuki 1932 6035:Suzuki 1932 6023:Suzuki 1932 6011:Sutton 1991 5983:Suzuki 1932 5488:, p. . 5180:Dōgen Zenji 5139:is offered. 5131:, where a 5073:Kanchipuram 5041:South India 4904:Kanchipuram 4770:Poxiang lun 4676:Bodhidharma 4643:Fell Over") 4616:daruma-ichi 4524:In the Zen 4510:Sperm whale 4475:Yi Jin Jing 4358:Kanchipuram 4296:Bodaidaruma 4278:Bodhidharma 4218:Bà-Xá-Tư-Đa 4201:Shishibodai 4070:Sanghayaśas 4059:Sōgyanandai 4050:Sanghānandi 4016:Ca-Na-Đề-Bà 3971:Ca-Tỳ-Ma-La 3942:Ānabodhi / 3881:Buddhamitra 3869:Buddanandai 3860:Buddhanandi 3711:Mahākāśyapa 3648:Mahākāśyapa 3640:Zhèngdào gē 3478:Bodhidharma 3475:Bodhidharma 3472:Bodhidharma 3108:South China 3096:Sesshū Tōyō 3059:noble truth 2932:Laṅkā Sūtra 2908:Rinzai sect 2904:Takuan Soho 2756:Wall-gazing 2658:Kanchipuram 2610:Western Wei 2494:Southern Qi 2482:Sung period 2480:during the 2412:Laṅkāvatāra 2305:thaumaturge 2162:Mount Putuo 2147:Mount Wutai 2020:Yang Wenhui 1940:Bodhidharma 1935:Amoghavajra 1855:Dharmakṣema 1750:Uyghur rule 1720:monk was a 1674:Tarim Basin 1525:Institution 1472:Western Zen 1257:Bodhidharma 1203:Sōtō school 1193:Taego Order 1183:Jogye Order 1148:Heze school 1056:Lotus Sutra 863:One Vehicle 775:Vietnamese 439:Bodhidharma 382:Dharmottāra 236:Bodhidharma 177:Poŭthĭthôrm 135:Budhi Darma 42:Bodhidharma 14230:Categories 14117:Psychology 14097:Gnosticism 14085:Comparison 14080:Influences 14062:Comparison 13945:Bhavacakra 13903:Kushinagar 13878:Pilgrimage 13824:Māgha Pūjā 13779:Bodhi Tree 13595:Buddhology 13585:Abhidharma 13577:Philosophy 13510:Menander I 13378:Costa Rica 13329:Uzbekistan 13170:Bangladesh 13124:Dhammapada 13108:Pali Canon 13070:Ajahn Chah 13050:Dalai Lama 12950:Kumārajīva 12945:Vasubandhu 12920:The Buddha 12828:Zen master 12763:Sakadagami 12743:Buddhahood 12674:Pratimokṣa 12489:Shikantaza 12445:Meditation 12420:Deity yoga 12291:Madhyamaka 12184:Deva realm 12079:Mindstream 12029:Bodhicitta 11941:Aṅgulimāla 11808:Devadatta 11784:Yaśodharā 11687:The Buddha 11677:Middle Way 11423:Zen at War 11373:Shōbōgenzō 11298:Daitoku-ji 11293:Myōshin-ji 11214:Zen master 11160:Attendants 10693:Wu Yantong 10323:Seongcheol 10285:German Zen 9863:Mazu Daoyi 9838:Dazu Huike 9781:Shikantaza 9735:Five Ranks 9730:Shikantaza 9361:Zaō Gongen 8936:Emperor Wu 8886:Moggallāna 8054:2023-03-17 8004:2009-03-12 7953:2007-04-03 7882:2013-02-19 7710:2016-09-03 7651:2006-11-30 7620:2006-12-05 7552:2017-09-08 7415:2006-11-30 7342:2011-11-23 7297:2019-10-19 7221:2016-09-03 7148:2007-02-13 7105:2016-11-10 7084:2016-09-23 6951:2006-12-01 6777:McRae 1986 6763:2021-08-05 6734:2021-08-05 6705:2013-03-20 6679:2009-08-02 6580:2023-03-17 6455:Faure 1986 6373:McRae 2003 6361:McRae 2003 6325:Chang 1967 6256:Watts 1958 6179:Faure 1986 6110:Watts 1962 5875:McRae 2004 5815:2023-11-17 5752:McRae 2000 5469:9792217711 5429:Kambe 2012 5342:McRae 2003 5244:McRae 2003 5217:References 5093:east, see 4969:Daoxuan's 4966:(713–716); 4917:7aum Arivu 4845:Xuanzang's 4810:Xuemai lun 4692:7aum Arivu 4584:Dazu Huike 4482:Yijin Jing 4470:Yijin Jing 4424:Prajnatara 4362:Tamil Nadu 4265:Hannyatara 4255:Prajñātāra 4243:Funyomitta 4233:Punyamitra 4221:Bashashita 4204:사자 / Saja 4192:Simhabodhi 4178:Hạc-Lặc-Na 4131:Vasubandhu 4079:Sōgyayasha 4010:/ Kānadeva 3922:Punyayaśas 3891:Buddamitta 3765:Shōnawashu 3691:Vietnamese 3600:Xuánzé 玄賾 3462:Xiǎnzōngjì 3456:Jìngjué 淨覺 3447:Dù Fěi 杜胐 3438:(596–667) 3436:Daoxuan 道宣 3386:). In the 3279:by sea to 3277:Jambudvipa 3265:Edo period 3245:Xisui Jing 3241:Yijin Jing 3237:Xisui Jing 3232:Yijin Jing 3217:See also: 3150:Dazu Huike 3133:Yijin Jing 3116:tea plants 2831:meditation 2766:Dehua ware 2605:Mount Song 2559:Prajñātāra 2395:Guṇabhadra 2369:Dazu Huike 2152:Mount Emei 2047:Traditions 1990:Ouyi Zhixu 1955:Mazu Daoyi 1930:Vajrabodhi 1860:Paramartha 1840:Kumārajīva 1718:red-haired 1704:Blue-eyed 1662:Yumen Pass 1434:Seongcheol 1138:Sanjiejiao 1127:Traditions 1011:Zen poetry 981:Samu (Zen) 945:Shikantaza 886:Background 880:Buddhahood 869:The "goal" 549:Yijin Jing 545:apocryphal 447:Yoshitoshi 415:Wade–Giles 404:Vietnamese 329:போதிதருமன் 263:بودی‌دارما 217:ബോധിധർമ്മൻ 130:Indonesian 14185:Festivals 14165:Buddhists 14127:Theosophy 13930:Symbolism 13920:Hama yumi 13893:Bodh Gaya 13660:Socialism 13635:Evolution 13610:Economics 13448:Venezuela 13363:Australia 13358:Argentina 13282:Sri Lanka 13277:Singapore 13195:Indonesia 13157:Countries 13098:Tripiṭaka 13060:Ajahn Mun 12935:Nagarjuna 12930:Aśvaghoṣa 12813:Anagārika 12808:Śrāmaṇerī 12803:Śrāmaṇera 12798:Bhikkhunī 12758:Sotāpanna 12647:Passaddhi 12588:Offerings 12563:Nekkhamma 12440:Iddhipada 12360:Practices 12330:Theravada 12303:Vajrayana 12296:Yogachara 12266:Pure Land 12179:Six Paths 12166:Cosmology 11946:Anuruddha 11921:Sāriputta 11911:Kaundinya 11903:Disciples 11878:Vajrapāṇi 11730:Footprint 11695:Tathāgata 11536:Zen texts 11493:Masao Abe 11359:Denkoroku 11303:Tōfuku-ji 11167:Jikijitsu 10863:Joko Beck 10344:Pháp Hiền 10318:Seungsahn 10131:Hsuan Hua 10110:Sheng-yen 10074:Wei Chueh 10069:Cheng Yen 10064:Hsing Yun 10059:Sheng-yen 9725:Ten Bulls 9718:Teachings 9534:Pure Land 8959:Pure Land 8896:An Shigao 8342:菩薩 (Púsà) 8018:Zen Nun. 7827:中日韩达摩造像图典 7230:cite book 7215:2191-6411 7138:145809479 7022:0304-1042 6798:Pine 2009 6280:Cole 2009 6244:Edou 1996 6208:Wong 2001 5999:Kohn 1991 5899:Pine 1989 5796:Cook 2003 5551:(1/5.2). 5486:Edou 1996 5039:See also 4929:Dongdu ji 4514:statuette 4435:Bodhiruci 4384:Pakistani 4377:Srisailam 4300:Tal Ma / 4294:Daruma / 4288:Đạt-Ma / 4212:Vasiasita 4158:Ma-Noa-La 4019:Kanadaiba 3986:Nāgārjuna 3944:Aśvaghoṣa 3931:Funayasha 3839:Vasumitra 3787:Ubakikuta 3721:Makakashō 3498:Dàoyù 道育 3323:Vajrayana 3285:Indonesia 3281:Palembang 2784:, in the 2742:Tao-sheng 2666:kundalini 2501:Luo River 2068:Pure Land 2015:Hsuan Hua 1920:Chengguan 1835:Lokakṣema 1722:Tocharian 1670:Altishahr 1503:Seungsahn 1498:Hsuan Hua 1419:Taego Bou 1370:Sheng-yen 1250:Classical 919:Practices 907:Emptiness 795:Teachings 759:Japanese 674:Biography 670:himself. 541:patriarch 497:Successor 250:बोधि धर्म 234:ବୋଧିଧର୍ମ 209:Malayalam 164:ಬೋಧಿ ಧರ್ಮ 75:ဗောဓိဓမ္မ 14203:Category 14132:Violence 14102:Hinduism 14050:Sanskrit 14005:Hinayana 13990:Amitābha 13950:Swastika 13819:Uposatha 13809:Holidays 13794:Calendar 13640:Humanism 13478:Kanishka 13468:Timeline 13292:Thailand 13260:Kalmykia 13255:Buryatia 13240:Pakistan 13225:Mongolia 13220:Maldives 13215:Malaysia 13180:Cambodia 13045:Shamarpa 13040:Nichiren 12990:Xuanzang 12925:Nagasena 12843:Rinpoche 12573:Pāramitā 12415:Devotion 12335:Navayana 12323:Dzogchen 12286:Nichiren 12234:Mahayana 12226:Branches 12104:Saṅkhāra 11853:Mañjuśrī 11810:(cousin) 11802:(cousin) 11770:(mother) 11762:(father) 11750:Miracles 11700:Birthday 11617:Glossary 11590:Buddhism 11415:Critical 11352:Sandokai 11277:Antai-ji 11267:Eihei-ji 10782:Antai-ji 10688:Trúc Lâm 10543:Fuke-shū 10359:Pháp Loa 10349:Vạn Hạnh 10188:Sokei-an 10141:Chuanyin 10049:Yuanying 9805:Zazenkai 9769:Practice 9548:Nichiren 9541:Shugendō 9494:Nichiren 9275:Gigeiten 8979:Tantrism 8949:Mahayana 8916:Shàn Dào 8901:Xuánzàng 8048:Allmovie 7998:Archived 7976:Archived 7947:Archived 7905:Archived 7769:(2001), 7721:(1958), 7704:Archived 7661:(1949), 7631:(1948), 7614:archived 7546:archived 7491:(1986), 7409:archived 7142:archived 7099:archived 7078:archived 7039:(2005). 6757:Archived 6728:Archived 6673:Archived 6131:Lin 1996 6037:, XI(a). 5769:Lin 1996 5590:Tafel 19 5137:Dzogchen 5010:/ca. 715 4883:See also 4841:Yogacara 4737:Dunhuang 4636:達磨さんが転んだ 4603:Takasaki 4567:— 4392:Peshawar 4386:scholar 4282:Ta Mo / 4116:Xà-Dạ-Đa 4090:Kumārata 4039:Ragorata 4030:Rāhulata 4008:Āryadeva 3965:Kapimala 3824:Di-Dá-Ca 3804:Đề-Đa-Ca 3777:Upagupta 3755:Śānavāsa 3696:Japanese 3681:Sanskrit 3495:Dàoyù 道育 3492:Dàoyù 道育 3390:and the 3339:Song Yun 3301:Malaysia 3267:, Japan. 3235:and the 3102:, Japan. 3098:, 1496, 2888:Hiragana 2738:subitist 2699:Mahayana 2588:Song Yun 2555:Zǔtángjí 2496:in 479. 2478:Nan-yüeh 2334:). 1484. 2167:Mount Lu 2025:Yin Shun 1985:Zhu Hong 1875:Woncheuk 1865:Xuanzang 1845:Sengzhao 1761:a series 1759:Part of 1734:Sogdians 1710:Bezeklik 1678:Xinjiang 1649:Pallavas 1508:Sokei-an 1168:Trúc Lâm 751:Chinese 709:a series 579:Sanskrit 510:Students 476:Buddhism 472:Religion 467:Personal 349:బోధిధర్మ 304:බෝධිධර්ම 276:बोधिधर्म 269:Sanskrit 175:ពោធិធម៌ 141:Japanese 111:बोधिधर्म 99:Pútídámó 64:বোধিধর্ম 48:Balinese 14180:Temples 14160:Buddhas 14122:Science 14112:Judaism 14107:Jainism 14025:Lineage 13985:Abhijñā 13955:Thangka 13898:Sarnath 13883:Lumbini 13804:Funeral 13799:Cuisine 13675:Culture 13650:Reality 13600:Creator 13590:Atomism 13460:History 13433:Ukraine 13393:Germany 13312:Senegal 13302:Vietnam 13230:Myanmar 13030:Shinran 13020:Karmapa 12995:Shandao 12965:Dignāga 12890:Śrāvaka 12870:Donchee 12865:Kappiya 12823:Sayadaw 12793:Bhikkhu 12768:Anāgāmi 12725:Nirvana 12691:Samadhi 12578:Paritta 12519:Tonglen 12514:Mandala 12469:Smarana 12450:Mantras 12398:Upekkha 12368:Bhavana 12318:Shingon 12271:Tiantai 12124:Tathātā 12114:Śūnyatā 12109:Skandha 12099:Saṃsāra 12094:Rebirth 12069:Kleshas 12059:Indriya 11961:Subhūti 11846:Guanyin 11800:Ānanda 11792:Rāhula 11672:Nirvana 11612:Outline 11467:Tiantai 11323:Classic 11272:Sōji-ji 11253:Temples 11197:Teacher 10727:USA Zen 10548:Niō Zen 10136:Yicheng 10105:Dongchu 10079:Yicheng 10054:Benhuan 9888:Huineng 9853:Hongren 9819:Persons 9800:Sesshin 9663:Śūnyatā 9527:Shingon 9489:Shinran 9474:Genshin 9041:Buddhas 8964:Tiantai 8230:Buddhas 6941:1397043 6831:Sources 6073:, VIII. 6025:, XLII. 5987:Preface 5606:note 32 5017:Brahman 4782:Shenxiu 4716:(二入四行論) 4629:statues 4408:Brahmin 4119:Shayata 3827:Mishaka 3818:Miccaka 3807:Daitaka 3798:Dhrtaka 3686:Chinese 3590:Huìnéng 3570:Hóngrěn 3564:Hóngrěn 3558:Hóngrěn 3552:Hóngrěn 3378:Hongren 3364:epitaph 3349:Lineage 3289:Sumatra 3076:of the 2946:Chinese 2890:: だるま; 2884:Chinese 2853:zuòchán 2840:Chinese 2813:In the 2794:Chinese 2782:Daoxuan 2674:Persian 2630:(景德傳燈錄 2547:In the 2486:Yangtze 2466:Brahman 2453:Daoxuan 2324:Chinese 2259:Chinese 2254:Luoyang 2200:Cuisine 2189:Culture 2058:Tiantai 2035:Nenghai 2010:Hsu Yun 1945:Huineng 1910:Zhanran 1900:Shandao 1895:Daochuo 1890:Tanluan 1885:Huiyuan 1880:Daoxuan 1790:History 1672:or the 1645:Brahmin 1589:Shingon 1584:Tiantai 1292:Huangbo 1277:Shenhui 1267:Shenxiu 1262:Hongren 1240:Persons 976:Hua Tou 955:Dhāraṇī 950:Sesshin 841:The way 805:No-mind 767:Korean 704:Part of 630:Bìyǎnhú 617:Chinese 601:Persian 459:Chanshi 443:Ukiyo-e 376:Tibetan 365:ตั๊กม๊อ 315:Dharāma 310:Tagalog 299:Sinhala 258:Persian 203:Dharuma 159:Kannada 117:Hokkien 70:Burmese 59:Bengali 32:details 30:Names ( 14175:Sutras 14170:Suttas 14035:Siddhi 14020:Koliya 13995:Brahmā 13910:Poetry 13856:Mantra 13846:Kasaya 13718:Pagoda 13698:Kyaung 13693:Vihāra 13688:Temple 13630:Ethics 13473:Ashoka 13423:Sweden 13418:Poland 13413:Norway 13403:Mexico 13388:France 13373:Canada 13368:Brazil 13307:Africa 13287:Taiwan 13250:Russia 13175:Bhutan 13135:Vinaya 13015:Naropa 13005:Saraha 12940:Asanga 12696:Prajñā 12605:Refuge 12568:Nianfo 12529:Tertön 12524:Tantra 12509:Ganana 12499:Tukdam 12425:Dhyāna 12393:Mudita 12388:Karuṇā 12281:Risshū 12276:Huayan 12209:Naraka 12149:Anattā 12144:Dukkha 12139:Anicca 12044:Dharma 11996:Channa 11931:Ānanda 11916:Assaji 11883:Skanda 11786:(wife) 11755:Family 11735:Relics 11660:Sangha 11655:Dharma 11650:Buddha 11462:Huayan 11383:Modern 11204:Sensei 11181:Priest 11139:Novice 10702:Temple 10569:Rinzai 10328:Daewon 9750:Satori 9745:Kenshō 9520:Tendai 9459:Saichō 8969:Huayan 8926:Jìgōng 8921:Huìguǒ 8911:Yìjìng 8906:Fǎxiǎn 8881:Ānanda 8871:Sangha 8756:Arhats 8117: 8099: 8079: 7837: 7818:602960 7816: 7777: 7756: 7738: 7669: 7592: 7538: 7517: 7478: 7460: 7431: 7380: 7261: 7213: 7183: 7163: 7136: 7070: 7049: 7020: 6966: 6939: 6905: 6887: 6869: 6851: 6571: 6049:, XVI. 5647: 5625: 5466: 4955:(547); 4830:Ma-tsu 4641:Daruma 4580:nature 4512:tooth 4465:qigong 4412:priest 4161:Manura 3902:Pārśva 3733:Ānanda 3701:Korean 3309:Nanyue 3303:, and 3016:kensho 2956:: 2954:pinyin 2948:: 2896:Daruma 2892:Romaji 2886:: 達磨; 2850:: 2848:pinyin 2842:: 2804:: 2802:pinyin 2796:: 2790:bìguān 2780:, and 2703:dhyana 2670:siddha 2437:Buddha 2367:) and 2340:Dharma 2328:Pinyin 2326:: 達磨; 2261:: 2078:Sanlun 2073:Weishi 2063:Huayan 1975:Zongmi 1915:Fazang 1850:Jizang 1742:Turfan 1594:Tendai 1579:Huayan 1574:Wéishí 1569:Sānlùn 1429:Daewon 1397:Bankei 1387:Bassui 1365:Xu Yun 1312:Zongmi 1006:Kyōgai 986:Ōryōki 965:Nianfo 830:Satori 825:Kenshō 660:. The 627:: 625:pinyin 619:: 577:)" in 570:dharma 565:Daruma 482:School 449:, 1887 369:Takmoh 341:Telugu 243:Nepali 184:Korean 152:Daruma 14147:Lists 14015:Kalpa 14010:Iddhi 13873:Music 13868:Mudra 13834:Vassa 13814:Vesak 13784:Budai 13730:Candi 13713:Stupa 13645:Logic 13398:Italy 13297:Tibet 13235:Nepal 13205:Korea 13200:Japan 13190:India 13185:China 13130:Sutra 13085:Texts 13035:Dōgen 13025:Hōnen 13010:Atiśa 12975:Zhiyi 12885:Achar 12853:Tulku 12848:Geshe 12833:Rōshi 12818:Ajahn 12773:Arhat 12733:Bodhi 12703:Vīrya 12620:Sacca 12615:Satya 12610:Sādhu 12598:Music 12541:Merit 12534:Terma 12494:Zazen 12430:Faith 12383:Mettā 12064:Karma 12024:Bardo 11991:Asita 11981:Khema 11971:Upāli 11956:Nanda 11794:(son) 11768:Māyā 11745:Films 11622:Index 11209:Rōshi 11172:Jisha 11146:Unsui 10574:Ōbaku 10538:Nōnin 10313:Jinul 10157:Dōgen 10126:Xuyun 10100:Xuyun 10039:Taixu 10034:Xuyun 9776:Zazen 9484:Ippen 9479:Hōnen 9464:Eisai 9454:Kūkai 8185:Huike 7876:(PDF) 7869:(PDF) 7829:[ 7814:JSTOR 7645:(PDF) 7638:(PDF) 7573:(PDF) 7566:(PDF) 7363:中國武術史 7336:(PDF) 7329:(PDF) 7291:(PDF) 7276:(PDF) 7134:S2CID 6937:JSTOR 6561:(PDF) 6061:, IX. 5071:from 5066:Tamil 4936:Notes 4861:' 4808:(血脈論 4776:(觀心論 4767:《破相論》 4730:Huike 4698:China 4684:Tamil 4601:-era 4599:Meiwa 4548:. In 4546:kōans 4532:Dogen 4398:Caste 4366:India 3642:) by 3638:(證道歌 3317:silat 3313:forms 3124:zazen 2950:楞伽師資記 2924:Huike 2836:zazen 2807:ānxīn 2721:二入四行論 2707:China 2656:from 2553:(祖堂集 2296:stupa 2263:洛陽伽藍記 2100:Texts 2005:Tanxu 2000:Taixu 1970:Linji 1905:Zhiyi 1870:Kuiji 1736:, an 1424:Jinul 1407:Dōgen 1392:Ikkyū 1382:Eisai 1360:Taixu 925:Zazen 777:Thiền 575:bodhi 537:China 515:Huike 501:Huike 455:Title 321:Tamil 198:Malay 191:Dalma 170:Khmer 123:Tatmo 106:Hindi 53:Darmo 14045:Pāḷi 14030:Māra 13940:Flag 13341:Iran 13265:Tuva 13210:Laos 12838:Lama 12686:Śīla 12654:Śīla 12642:Pīti 12632:Sati 12583:Puja 12504:Koan 12410:Dāna 12001:Yasa 11888:Tārā 11188:Oshō 10564:Sōtō 9810:Ango 8954:Chan 8115:ISBN 8097:ISBN 8077:ISBN 7835:ISBN 7775:ISBN 7754:ISBN 7736:ISBN 7667:ISBN 7590:ISBN 7536:ISBN 7515:ISBN 7476:ISBN 7458:ISBN 7429:ISBN 7378:ISBN 7259:ISBN 7236:link 7211:ISSN 7181:ISBN 7161:ISBN 7068:ISBN 7047:ISBN 7018:ISSN 6964:ISBN 6903:ISBN 6885:ISBN 6867:ISBN 6849:ISBN 6632:p.14 6620:p.15 6569:ISBN 6433:2001 5645:ISBN 5623:ISBN 5464:ISBN 5129:viz. 5051:and 4835:The 4657:kōan 4536:kōan 4527:kōan 4418:Name 4382:The 3668:The 3368:Faru 3366:for 3297:Bali 3293:Java 3224:the 3074:kōan 3040:The 2981:The 2871:The 2387:The 2332:Dámó 2210:Diyu 2053:Chan 1654:The 971:Koan 967:Chan 769:Seon 753:Chan 561:Dámó 486:Chan 396:菩提達摩 358:Thai 291:菩提达摩 229:Odia 13767:Art 13703:Wat 12239:Zen 9612:Zen 9598:Zen 9513:Zen 7806:doi 7802:107 7696:doi 7203:doi 7126:doi 7008:doi 6998:", 6929:doi 5858:doi 5553:doi 4790:or 4610:達磨市 4554:by 4518:Edo 4493:in 4452:永寧寺 3315:to 3120:tea 2978:). 2944:" ( 2810:). 2472:). 2451:), 2433:Zen 2275:楊衒之 1728:of 1690:). 761:Zen 746:Zen 621:碧眼胡 535:to 189:달마 14232:: 13269:ru 8045:. 8022:. 7992:. 7974:. 7945:. 7941:. 7903:. 7856:^ 7812:, 7800:, 7702:. 7612:, 7544:, 7365:, 7282:, 7278:, 7232:}} 7228:{{ 7209:. 7140:, 7132:, 7122:25 7120:, 7116:, 7076:, 7035:; 7031:; 7016:, 7004:20 7002:, 6935:, 6925:17 6923:, 6919:, 6784:^ 6755:. 6751:. 6726:. 6722:. 6671:. 6667:. 6645:. 6567:. 6563:. 6534:^ 6186:^ 6117:^ 6090:^ 5985:, 5951:^ 5906:^ 5852:. 5824:^ 5788:^ 5759:^ 5730:^ 5703:^ 5659:^ 5604:, 5588:, 5547:. 5543:. 5519:^ 5478:^ 5448:^ 5415:^ 5372:^ 5349:^ 5328:^ 5305:^ 5282:^ 5263:^ 5224:^ 5047:, 5043:, 5032:^ 5023:). 5012:); 5002:); 4995:); 4645:. 4613:, 4590:. 4558:: 4520:). 4414:. 4379:. 4364:, 4273:28 4251:27 4229:26 4209:25 4189:24 4169:23 4149:22 4127:21 4107:20 4087:19 4067:18 4047:17 4027:16 4004:15 3982:14 3962:13 3939:12 3919:11 3899:10 3650:: 3383:弘忍 3373:法如 3319:. 3299:, 3295:, 3291:, 3283:, 3263:. 3126:. 3082:. 3061:?" 2997:. 2952:; 2894:: 2846:; 2844:坐禪 2800:; 2798:安心 2764:A 2676:. 2641:道原 2636:CE 2612:. 2593:宋雲 2586:, 2572:神會 2514:河陰 2505:Ye 2488:. 2458:道宣 2374:慧可 2364:道育 2352:: 2330:: 1763:on 714:on 623:; 581:. 441:, 148:達磨 85:達摩 13271:) 13267:( 12485:) 12481:( 11576:e 11569:t 11562:v 9794:" 9790:" 9590:e 9583:t 9576:v 9023:e 9016:t 9009:v 8216:e 8209:t 8202:v 8057:. 8007:. 7968:" 7956:. 7897:" 7885:. 7821:. 7808:: 7698:: 7624:. 7599:. 7524:. 7419:. 7355:. 7284:2 7240:. 7238:) 7224:. 7205:: 7128:: 7055:. 7010:: 6931:: 6766:. 6737:. 6708:. 6682:. 6583:. 6529:. 6517:. 6457:. 6445:. 6327:. 6234:. 5989:. 5864:. 5860:: 5854:7 5818:. 5798:. 5754:. 5653:. 5629:. 5608:. 5592:. 5555:: 5549:5 5472:. 5431:. 5410:. 5097:. 4824:( 4812:) 4784:. 4765:( 4743:( 4718:, 4633:( 4620:) 4607:( 4437:. 3877:9 3857:8 3835:7 3815:6 3795:5 3773:4 3751:3 3729:2 3707:1 3614:– 3611:– 3608:– 3605:7 3580:– 3577:6 3548:5 3531:4 3514:3 3486:2 3469:1 3380:( 3370:( 2914:. 2838:( 2723:) 2717:( 2590:( 2511:( 2455:( 2371:( 2272:( 2257:( 2239:e 2232:t 2225:v 1628:e 1621:t 1614:v 417:: 406:: 391:: 378:: 360:: 343:: 323:: 312:: 301:: 286:: 271:: 260:: 245:: 231:: 211:: 200:: 186:: 172:: 161:: 143:: 132:: 119:: 108:: 95:: 72:: 61:: 50:: 34:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.