138:
22:
604:, died in 1201, Boniface was chosen as its new leader. He was an experienced soldier, and it was an opportunity to reassert his dynasty's reputation after defeat at home. Boniface's family was well known in the east: his nephew Baldwin and brother Conrad had been kings of Jerusalem, and his niece Maria was the heir presumptive to the kingdom.
651:
principal financier, the doge of Venice, for riches and honors if they would help him reclaim his empire. Dandolo placated the Pope by having
Alexius Angelus promise to submit the Orthodox Church to Rome when he was restored to his throne in Constantinople. This being done, the fleet set sail for Constantinople in 1203.
654:
After the conquest of
Constantinople in 1204, Boniface was assumed to be the new emperor, both by the western knights and the conquered Byzantine citizens. However, the Venetians vetoed him, believing that he already had too many connections in the Empire and, likely, felt that they would not have
650:
and beat them into submission before sailing for Cairo. The Pope was angered by these
Christian cities being attacked by a Crusader army. Dandolo, was now the true war leader of this Crusade, with Boniface as only a figurehead. Alexios IV Angelus made many promises to the Crusaders and their
494:, he and Vaqueiras saved his brother-in-law Alberto of Malaspina when he was unhorsed. The first phase of the war ended with a truce in April 1193. By now, Boniface was Marquis of Montferrat, following the deaths of his father in 1191 and of Conrad, the newly elected
663:
and also held all the territories that lay east of
Bosphorus and territories in Crete, though he later conceded Crete to Baldwin. Late 13th and 14th century sources suggest that Boniface based his claim to Thessalonica on the statement that his younger brother
521:
fleets, Vaqueiras protected his lord with his own shield – an act which helped the troubador win a knighthood from
Boniface that year, after the campaign's successful conclusion: Henry's coronation in
627:. At this time the three discussed the possibility of using the crusading army to restore Alexios' right to the throne. Both Boniface and Alexios travelled separately to Rome to ask for
451:
had offered his sister
Theodora to Boniface as a wife, to renew the family's Byzantine alliance, but Boniface had just married for the second time, while Conrad was a recent widower.
447:. William V went out to the kingdom to support his grandson, leaving Conrad and Boniface in charge of Montferrat. However, in 1187, Conrad also left for the East:
428:
as a bride to one of the sons of
William V. Since Boniface, like his older brother Conrad, was already married, and Frederick was a priest, the youngest brother,
386:. These included the rescue of the heiress Jacopina of Ventimiglia from her uncle Count Otto, who was intending to deprive her of her inheritance and send her to
39:
885:
Kosi, Miha (2021). "The
Babenberg Dukes of Austria crusaders – "par excellence"". In Bronstein, Judith; Fishhof, Gil; Shotten-Hallel, Vardit (eds.).
363:
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and niece of Conrad's second wife
Theodora. In the winter of 1201 Boniface spent Christmas with Phillip in Hagenau, and while there also met with
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58:
1037:
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65:
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family, Boniface rescued her and restored her to her lover, Ponset d'Aguilar. Like the rest of the family, he also supported his cousin
1232:
72:
631:'s blessing for the endeavour. Boniface was specifically told by Innocent not to attack any Christians, including the Byzantines.
119:
1124:
540:
Throughout the 1180s and 1190s, despite the wars, Boniface had nevertheless presided over one of the most prestigious courts of
54:
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548:(which in the present day reflects more French and Italian influences) was virtually indistinguishable from the
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43:
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638:, the doge of Venice, who had provided their fleet. He instructed them to attack the rebellious cities of
498:, in 1192. No claim to Montferrat ever seems to have been made on behalf of Conrad's posthumous daughter,
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1272:
367:
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693:, who had followed him to the East, probably died with him: it is significant that he composed no
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1204:
763:
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351:
267:
209:
32:
752:
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1170:
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Settlement and
Crusade in the Thirteenth Century: Multidisciplinary Studies of the Latin East
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394:(husband of one of Boniface's sisters) abducted Saldina de Mar, a daughter of a prominent
8:
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732:
686:
624:
499:
391:
355:
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263:
245:
928:
Murray, Alan V. (2006). "William VI of Montferrat (d. 1225)". In Murray, Alan V. (ed.).
1237:
980:
620:
1023:
Dinastie europee nel Mediterraneo orientale. I Monferrato e i Savoia nei secoli XII–XV
142:
Boniface elected as leader of the Fourth Crusade, Soissons, 1201: history painting by
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1135:
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1059:
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537:, but by 1199 it was clear the war was lost, and Boniface entered into negotiations.
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in June that year, but the war as a whole went badly for the dynasty's interests. At
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444:
421:
418:
252:
505:
In June 1194, Boniface was appointed one of the leaders of Henry VI's expedition to
374:. His youthful exploits in the late 1170s are recalled in the famous "epic letter",
1074:
756:
616:
608:
549:
448:
432:, married her instead, only to be murdered along with her during the usurpation of
1109:"The Medieval Russian Account of the Fourth Crusade – A New Annotated Translation"
462:, until the boy came of age about two years later. In 1191, after the new Emperor
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as much influence in the empire if Boniface was in control. Instead, they chose
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403:
359:
335:
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143:
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963:
525:. In October 1197, the truce with Asti ended. Boniface made an alliance with
1118:
I Marchesi di Monferrato in Italia ed in Oriente durante i secoli XII e XIII
409:
Boniface's eldest brother, William, had died in 1177, soon after marrying
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475:
137:
945:
379:
1134:
Villehardouin, Geoffrey de (1963). "The Conquest of Constantinople".
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in June 1198. There were numerous skirmishes and raids, including at
440:
279:
1108:
470:, a fifteen-year war broke out against the neighbouring communes of
21:
1002:
387:
707:
Boniface was first married c. 1170 to Helena del Bosco. They had:
639:
589:
568:. Boniface's patronage was celebrated widely. To Gaucelm, he was
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510:
479:
274:
955:
623:, Isaac II's son, who had escaped from the custody of his uncle
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395:
118:"Boniface of Montferrat" redirects here. For other uses, see
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518:
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in their wars against the independent city communes of the
819:
817:
592:, also shared this interest and was mentioned by Vidal.
1072:
829:
950:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
910:
of Byzantium: The Empire of Constantinople (1204–1228)
600:
When the original leader of the Fourth Crusade, Count
814:
544:
culture and troubador song. In the 12th century, the
841:
714:, (c. 1173-17 September 1226). Marquis of Montferrat
454:
In 1189, Boniface joined the council of regency for
1080:
The Fourth Crusade: The Conquest of Constantinople'
576:). Curiously, Vaqueiras sometimes addressed him as
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
777:
717:Beatrice, married Enrico del Carretto, Marquis of
584:), but the in-joke is never explained. His sister
482:League, while the two cities joined the League of
1047:The Poems of the Troubadour Raimbaut de Vaqueiras
853:
668:had been granted Thessalonica on his marriage to
1214:
1056:O City of Byzantium, Annals of Niketas Choniates
721:, as the second of his three wives; she is the
729:) of Vaqueiras's songs, composed in the 1190s.
679:on 4 September 1207, and his head was sent to
615:, a daughter of the deposed Byzantine emperor
330:) (c. 1150 – 4 September 1207), was the ninth
1133:
1097:
804:
766:, born c. 1205, who was King of Thessalonica.
390:. Boniface arranged a marriage for her. When
1019:
808:
807:, vol. 3 p. 125), and for full discussion (
1036:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
985:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
902:
835:
739:, Latin emperor of Constantinople, in 1207
358:, born after his father's return from the
136:
1053:
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1115:
1044:
970:
675:Boniface was killed in an ambush by the
1102:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
947:Byzantium Confronts the West, 1180–1204
556:. Besides Vaqueiras, visitors included
120:Boniface of Montferrat (disambiguation)
1215:
1054:Magoulias, Harry J. (transl.) (1984).
927:
875:
847:
823:
993:
943:
1268:13th century in the Byzantine Empire
1263:12th century in the Byzantine Empire
1106:
1083:. University of Pennsylvania Press.
997:Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani
893:
884:
859:
783:
44:adding citations to reliable sources
15:
1003:Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
896:The Franks in the Aegean: 1204–1500
803:, 1966 edition vol. 2 p. 790. Cf. (
55:"Boniface I, Marquis of Montferrat"
13:
937:
486:. Boniface defeated the cities at
376:Valen marques, senher de Monferrat
14:
1294:
1130:(external link to bilingual text)
634:The Crusader army was in debt to
595:
413:, the heiress presumptive to the
258:William VI, Marquis of Montferrat
185:William VI, Marquis of Montferrat
1233:Christians of the Fourth Crusade
1058:. Wayne State University Press.
513:, amid the fighting between the
290:William V, Marquis of Montferrat
20:
999:, Volume 12: Bonfadini–Borrello
378:, by his good friend and court
31:needs additional citations for
1098:Runciman, Steven (1951–1954),
932:. Vol. IV: Q–Z. ABC-CLIO.
789:
362:. He was a younger brother of
350:Boniface was the third son of
1:
1258:13th-century Italian nobility
1253:12th-century Italian nobility
930:The Crusades: An Encyclopedia
770:
345:
334:(from 1192), a leader of the
232:
1283:12th-century Roman Catholics
1278:13th-century Roman Catholics
1020:Haberstumpf, Walter (1995),
971:Cognasso, Francesco (1968).
7:
1116:Usseglio, Leopoldo (1926).
439:In 1183, Boniface's nephew
10:
1299:
1137:Chronicles of the Crusades
973:Il Piemonte nell'Età Sveva
944:Brand, Charles M. (1968).
903:Van Tricht, Filip (2011).
878:Byzantium and the Crusades
869:
368:Count of Jaffa and Ascalon
117:
1201:
1192:
1187:
1177:
1168:
1160:
1100:A history of the Crusades
1045:Linskill, Joseph (1964).
876:Harris, Jonathan (2003).
702:
602:Theobald III of Champagne
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1243:Marquesses of Montferrat
1125:Vaqueiras, Raimbaut de.
699:(lament) in his memory.
659:. Boniface founded the
328:Vonifatios Momferratikos
324:Βονιφάτιος Μομφερρατικός
316:Bonifacio del Monferrato
661:Kingdom of Thessalonica
552:of Southern France and
352:William V of Montferrat
268:Demetrius of Montferrat
231:4 September 1207 (aged
210:Demetrius of Montferrat
201:1205 – 4 September 1207
166:1192 – 4 September 1207
880:. Hambledon Continuum.
759:. They had one child:
478:. Boniface joined the
400:Frederick I Barbarossa
315:
312:Boniface of Montferrat
261:Beatrice of Montferrat
1248:Kings of Thessalonica
1171:Marquis of Montferrat
755:and widow of Emperor
691:Raimbaut de Vaqueiras
424:offered his daughter
384:Raimbaut de Vaqueiras
372:Conrad I of Jerusalem
332:Marquis of Montferrat
157:Marquis of Montferrat
125:Marquis of Montferrat
1195:King of Thessalonica
1073:Queller, Donald E.;
1005:. pp. 118–124.
1001:(in Italian). Rome:
994:Goria, Axel (1970).
894:Lock, Peter (2015).
546:Piedmontese language
458:, son of his cousin
426:Maria Porphyrogenita
415:Kingdom of Jerusalem
340:king of Thessalonica
192:King of Thessalonica
175:Conrad of Montferrat
148:Salles des Croisades
40:improve this article
753:Béla III of Hungary
751:, daughter of King
749:Margaret of Hungary
733:Agnes of Montferrat
657:Baldwin of Flanders
625:Alexios III Angelos
500:Maria of Montferrat
392:Albert of Malaspina
364:William "Longsword"
356:Judith of Babenberg
310:, usually known as
300:Judith of Babenberg
264:Agnes of Montferrat
246:Margaret of Hungary
811:, pp. 56–67).
805:Runciman 1951–1954
621:Alexios IV Angelos
607:Boniface's cousin
338:(1201–04) and the
1273:Founding monarchs
1211:
1210:
1202:Succeeded by
1178:Succeeded by
1107:Savignac, David.
920:978-90-04-20323-5
913:. Leiden: Brill.
797:Salimbene di Adam
737:Henry of Flanders
629:Pope Innocent III
588:, Marchioness of
566:Arnaut de Mareuil
496:king of Jerusalem
456:Thomas I of Savoy
445:king of Jerusalem
422:Manuel I Komnenos
419:Byzantine emperor
305:
304:
116:
115:
108:
90:
1290:
1161:Preceded by
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1075:Thomas F. Madden
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1012:978-8-81200032-6
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809:Haberstumpf 1995
793:
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757:Isaac II Angelos
617:Isaac II Angelos
609:Philip of Swabia
468:county of Incisa
466:granted him the
449:Isaac II Angelos
325:
243:Helena del Bosco
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1127:The Epic Letter
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1028:
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978:
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938:Further reading
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866:
858:
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836:Van Tricht 2011
834:
830:
826:, p. 1277.
822:
815:
794:
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773:
705:
611:was married to
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582:Lord Englishman
443:was crowned co-
417:. In 1179, the
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146:, early 1840s,
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891:
882:
871:
868:
865:
864:
852:
850:, p. 163.
840:
828:
813:
788:
786:, p. 275.
775:
774:
772:
769:
768:
767:
745:Constantinople
741:
740:
735:(d. 1207), m.
730:
715:
704:
701:
636:Enrico Dandolo
613:Irene Angelina
597:
596:Fourth Crusade
594:
562:Gaucelm Faidit
404:Lombard League
360:Second Crusade
347:
344:
336:Fourth Crusade
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1147:0-14-044124-7
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1129:
1128:
1123:
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1114:
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1096:
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1090:0-8122-1713-6
1086:
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1065:0-8143-1764-2
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883:
879:
874:
873:
862:, p. 58.
861:
856:
849:
844:
838:, p. 81.
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670:Maria Komnene
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343:
342:(from 1205).
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96:December 2022
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57: –
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51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
1223:1150s births
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1117:
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1079:
1055:
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1022:
995:
972:
946:
929:
909:
905:
898:. Routledge.
895:
889:. Routledge.
886:
877:
855:
843:
831:
800:
791:
779:
742:
726:
723:Bel Cavalher
722:
706:
694:
689:. The loyal
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93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1228:1207 deaths
848:Harris 2003
824:Murray 2006
747:he married
743:In 1205 in
727:Fair Knight
574:My Treasure
570:Mon Thesaur
558:Peire Vidal
476:Alessandria
460:Humbert III
171:Predecessor
1217:Categories
1199:1205–1207
1181:William VI
1175:1192–1207
906:The Latin
771:References
712:William VI
434:Andronikos
380:troubadour
346:Early life
314:(Italian:
308:Boniface I
131:Boniface I
66:newspapers
1238:Aleramici
1205:Demetrius
1189:New title
981:cite book
964:795121713
908:Renovatio
860:Lock 2015
801:Chronicle
784:Kosi 2021
764:Demetrius
681:Bulgarian
672:in 1180.
554:Catalonia
542:chivalric
535:Caranzano
531:Ricaldone
488:Montiglio
441:Baldwin V
370:, and of
280:Aleramici
206:Successor
181:Successor
1077:(1999).
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