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453:, a small and usually temporary defensive fortification, was constructed on nearby Breed's Hill, probably due to its closer proximity to Boston compared to Bunker Hill. The next morning, June 17, the British were astonished to see the rebel fortifications upon the hill and set out to reclaim the peninsula. The resulting conflict was called the Battle of Bunker Hill because that is where Prescott originally intended—and was ordered—to build the fortifications. Also, some people considered Breed's Hill a part of Bunker Hill, while others called it Charlestown Hill.
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487:, Doctor John C. Warren, William Sullivan, and George Blake. On May 10, 1823, the first public meeting was called. Each member subscribed five dollars, and on June 7, 1823, the Bunker Hill Monument Association was established and the work of raising money was begun. Famed nineteenth-century philanthropist
515:. One hundred dollars was offered for the best design; about 50 plans were presented in response. Choice was soon narrowed to a column and an obelisk and a new committee was appointed to procure designs and estimate expenses for each. At the next meeting the majority voted that the obelisk designed by
549:
Construction of the monument was frequently halted as available funds were depleted. To bring the project to completion the
Monument Association in 1838 began to sell off sections of the battlefield as house lots; they were successful in raising the money, while giving up about two thirds of the area
541:
Blocks of granite for the monument averaged two cubic yards (1.5 m) each and were quarried by wedging. They were delivered to the site at an actual cost of $ 5.40 per cubic yard from a quarry opened for the purpose, far below the average contract offer of $ 24.30 for the same. Moving the blocks
324:
The monument was one of the first in the United States. It is not on Bunker Hill, but instead on Breed's Hill, where most of the fighting in the misnamed Battle of Bunker Hill actually took place. An earlier memorial at the site, an 18-foot (5.5 m) wooden column topped with a gilt urn, had been
411:
The hill is about 62 feet (19 m) high, and is topped by
Monument Square, site of the Bunker Hill Monument. The hill slopes fairly steeply to the east and west. In addition to its historic sites and tourist-oriented facilities, the hill is the site of a great deal of residential property, as
347:, rather than Prescott; but the main consensus is that none of them said it. In any case, no one at Bunker Hill could have coined the phrase; the idea behind it was already more than a hundred years old when this battle took place, and the modern phrasing of it had been used by British commanders
456:
British soldiers under Howe sent 2,400 men to attack Breed's Hill. A force of 1,500 colonists held off two
British Army attacks, but the third attack, by British Royal Marines, forced the rebels to retreat. 450 colonists were killed or wounded, compared to 1,150 British casualties.
538:, conducted the services. Rev. Joseph Thaxter, who was wounded in the battle, officiated as chaplain at the ceremony, offering a prayer in thanks for the colonists' victory. More than 100,000 attended the event, including 190 veterans who had participated in the battle.
554:
and the readers of her magazine supplied funds essential to the monument's successful completion. The capstone was laid on July 23, 1842, and the monument was dedicated on June 17 of the following year, again with a Daniel
Webster oration. According to the
550:(sale of 10 acres (4.0 ha)), preserving only the summit of Breed's Hill as the monument grounds. Neighbors disgruntled with the construction eyesore were rumored to have plans to raise money to tear down the partially completed monument.
335:, a native of Groton, Massachusetts, another hero of Bunker Hill. Some popular stories claim he coined the famous phrase "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes" during this battle; others have instead attributed it to
1553:
383:. It is located in the southern portion of the Charlestown Peninsula, a historically oval, but now more roughly triangular, peninsula that was originally connected to the mainland portion of Charlestown (now the separate city of
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and
Charlestown heavily filled in. Much of the hill is now occupied by residential construction, but the summit area is the location of the Bunker Hill Monument and other memorials commemorating the battle.
502:
In the spring of 1825 the directors had purchased about 15 acres (6.1 ha) on the slope of Breed's Hill, but had not yet chosen a design. The first design committee consisted of
Webster, noted engineer
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The
Monument Association, which had purchased the entire battlefield site by 1825, was forced to sell off all but the summit of the hill in 1838 to cover the cost of completing the monument.
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1808:
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471:, a well-known Boston lawyer and antiquarian, first suggested that a memorial be built. An interested group of men met for breakfast at the home of Colonel
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took place. In the 19th and early 20th centuries the peninsula's shape and connections to other landforms were significantly altered, with the waters of the
602:
578:
in 1961, in part for its architectural significance as a major early war memorial, and the nation's largest-scale memorial prior to the construction of the
546:
was completed in short order and became operational on
October 7, 1826, the first commercial railroad in the United States functioning as a common carrier.
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1988:
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The monument underwent a $ 3.7 million renovation, completed in 2007, that included repairs, handicap accessibility improvements, and new lighting. The
460:
In 1825, the Bunker Hill
Monument Association began construction of the Bunker Hill Monument, acquiring 15 acres (6.1 ha) of land for the purpose.
2018:
1302:
Nelson, James L. (2011). With Fire And Sword: The Battle of Bunker Hill and the
Beginning of the American Revolution. New York: St Martins Press.
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446:, the Americans stole out onto the Charlestown Peninsula with instructions to establish defensive positions on the hills overlooking Boston.
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The Bunker Hill Monument Association maintained the monument and grounds until 1919, when it was turned over to the Commonwealth of
1983:
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The Scottish Nation: Or, The Surnames, Families, Literature, Honours, and Biographical History of the People of Scotland, volume 2
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was published in her Scenes in my Native Land, 1845 together with a description of both the monument and the battle.
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erected in memory of fallen Bunker Hill hero Dr. Joseph Warren, a Mason, in 1794 by King Solomon's Lodge of Masons.
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well as supporting municipal and retail infrastructure. It is about 700 yards (640 m) from Bunker Hill.
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Association's "Points of Pride Quiz" for December 2007, BLS boys helped erect the Boston landmark.
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across the street was dedicated in June of that year and includes many exhibits about the battle.
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The Memorial History of Boston: Including Suffolk County, Massachusetts, 1630–1880, Volume 3
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in the 1750s, as well as by Prince Charles of Prussia in 1745, famously repeated in 1755 by
1942:
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Joannis Schefferi, "Memorabilium Sueticae Gentis Exemplorum Liber Singularis" (1671) p. 42
8:
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An exhibit lodge built near the base of the monument in the late 19th century houses a
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530:) performed the ceremony, Webster delivered the oration, and the Grand Master of the
270:, which was among the first major battles between the Red Coats and Patriots in the
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who was on a 14-month tour of the United States on the 50th anniversary of the War
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National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Boston, Massachusetts
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1262:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 798–799.
1007:"Thaxter prayer, Annals of the American Pulpit, William Buell Sprague, 1865"
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535:
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a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan
1029:
History of the Town of Hingham, Massachusetts, Thomas Tracy Bouve, 1893
340:
1119:
The Civil Engineer's Pocket-Book, Trautwine et al., 19th Edition, 1909
1065:
Sealed with Blood: War, Sacrifice, and Memory in Revolutionary America
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85:
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King Solomon's Lodge, that built the first Bunker Hill Monument
853:"Who Said, "Don't fire till you see the whites of their eyes"?"
391:. It is best known as the location where in 1775, early in the
290:, followed by a trip by barge. There are 294 steps to the top.
263:
948:
Mapping Boston, Krieger, Alex, ed., MIT Press 1999, pp. 16-18.
745:
622:
Construction progress as of 1840 (courtesy Cornell University)
1131:
387:) in colonial times by a short, narrow isthmus known as the
1069:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp.
2009:
Historic district contributing properties in Massachusetts
1421:
U.S. National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts
1321:
Information about the Monument, including hours it is open
912:
The Rest to Fortune: The Life of Major-General James Wolfe
522:
The directors laid the cornerstone on June 17, 1825. The
923:
1207:"NRHP nomination for Monument Square Historic District"
498:
19th-century lodge built near the base of the monument
1095:"Bostonians Lay Cornerstone for Bunker Hill Monument"
974:
986:
765:
List of National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts
727:
331:
In front of the current obelisk is a statue of Col.
1974:
American Revolutionary War museums in Massachusetts
1450:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
1969:American Revolutionary War monuments and memorials
1334:More information from the US National Park Service
634:Bunker Hill Day celebration, between 1890 and 1901
1979:American Revolutionary War sites in Massachusetts
491:contributed $ 10,000 to the monument's erection.
1955:
1931:National Register of Historic Places portal
2049:National Register of Historic Places in Boston
1134:"Home | Pennsylvania Center for the Book"
1127:
1125:
566:. In 1976 the monument was transferred to the
1405:
1327:The Battle of Bunker Hill: Now We Are at War,
301:. Bunker Hill is one of the sites along the
658:Monument and statue of Col. William Prescott
646:Monument and statue of Col. William Prescott
542:proceeded somewhat slowly at first, but the
111:
1122:
924:Winsor, Justin; Jewett, Clarence F (1882).
286:conveyed to the site via the purpose-built
1989:Buildings and structures completed in 1843
1412:
1398:
1339:"The Public Memorial in the United States"
1136:. Pabook.libraries.psu.edu. Archived from
826:National Historic Landmark summary listing
84:
2019:Military and war museums in Massachusetts
1227:
1185:"NHL nomination for Bunker Hill Monument"
258:is a monument erected at the site of the
51:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
27:War monument in Boston, Massachusetts, US
2064:Massachusetts in the American Revolution
1246:
992:
493:
1269:Decisive Day: The Battle of Bunker Hill
1266:
1060:
1004:
828:. National Park Service. Archived from
14:
1956:
798:"National Register Information System"
792:
790:
718:The view from the Bunker Hill Monument
2034:National Historic Landmarks in Boston
1393:
1199:
957:
814:
278:was erected between 1825 and 1843 in
2044:1843 establishments in Massachusetts
850:
803:National Register of Historic Places
682:Boston National Historical Park sign
584:National Register of Historic Places
2004:Granite sculptures in Massachusetts
1177:
787:
24:
1994:Buildings and structures in Boston
1132:Pennsylvania Center for the Book.
1032:. Pub. by the town. 1893. p.
857:Journal of the American Revolution
25:
2075:
2024:Monuments and memorials in Boston
1314:
958:Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920).
588:Monument Square Historic District
586:in 1966, and was included in the
574:. The monument was designated a
200:Monument Square Historic District
2014:Landmarks in Charlestown, Boston
1936:
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434:plan to fortify the Charlestown
110:
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1984:Boston National Historical Park
1221:
1209:. Commonwealth of Massachusetts
1164:Boston Latin School Association
1152:
1113:
1087:
1054:
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1005:Sprague, William Buell (1865).
998:
572:Boston National Historical Park
463:
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307:Boston National Historical Park
60:U.S. National Historic Landmark
951:
942:
917:
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879:
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395:, most of the fighting in the
274:. The 221-foot (67 m) granite
212:
13:
1:
2054:1775 in the Thirteen Colonies
2039:Obelisks in the United States
885:
851:Bell, J. L. (June 17, 2020).
780:
319:
1383:Last location - end of trail
1160:"Points of Pride (PoP) Quiz"
980:
90:Bunker Hill Monument, 2009,
32:United States historic place
7:
1894:National Historic Landmarks
1232:. Thurston, Torry & Co.
1049:joseph thaxter bunker hill.
723:
282:, with granite from nearby
10:
2080:
1889:Cape Cod National Seashore
1240:
1230:"Scenes in My Native Land"
886:Anderson, William (1863).
576:National Historic Landmark
534:of Massachusetts, Ancient
430:, having caught word of a
419:
415:
393:American Revolutionary War
367:Breed's Hill is a glacial
280:Charlestown, Massachusetts
272:American Revolutionary War
92:Charlestown, Massachusetts
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1380:
1370:Locations along Boston's
1368:
1357:
1267:Ketchum, Richard (1999).
1228:Sigourney, Lydia (1845).
697:image of the monument by
670:Bunker Hill Monument Park
244:
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211:NRHP reference
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1943:United States portal
582:. It was listed on the
536:Free and Accepted Masons
188:Architectural style
1271:. New York: Owl Books.
1259:Encyclopædia Britannica
1187:. National Park Service
1061:Purcell, Sarah (2002).
473:Thomas Handasyd Perkins
156:42.376361°N 71.060778°W
1440:Keeper of the Register
967:Encyclopedia Americana
822:"Bunker Hill Monument"
775:Breed's Hill Institute
499:
69:U.S. Historic district
1455:National Park Service
1435:Contributing property
808:National Park Service
570:and became a unit of
568:National Park Service
497:
422:Battle of Bunker Hill
397:Battle of Bunker Hill
260:Battle of Bunker Hill
161:42.376361; -71.060778
129:Boston, Massachusetts
73:Contributing property
1377:Bunker Hill Monument
1345:Bunker Hill Monument
961:"Breed's Hill"
738:United States portal
603:Bunker-Hill Monument
524:Marquis de Lafayette
256:Bunker Hill Monument
43:Bunker Hill Monument
1999:Charlestown, Boston
1253:"Bunker Hill"
1140:on January 18, 2015
930:. James R. Osgood.
810:. January 23, 2007.
760:Washington Monument
752:Architecture portal
580:Washington Monument
557:Boston Latin School
357:Frederick the Great
297:of fallen hero Dr.
237:Designated NHL
152: /
1341:: cultural context
552:Sarah Josepha Hale
513:Washington Allston
507:, George Ticknor,
505:Loammi Baldwin Jr.
500:
314:Bunker Hill Museum
245:Designated CP
2059:History of Boston
2029:Museums in Boston
1951:
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1872:
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1571:Barnstable County
1445:Historic district
1388:
1387:
1381:Succeeded by
1310:Book Club Edition
1308:978-0-312-57644-8
1101:. Mass Humanities
351:in the 1740s and
252:
251:
224:Significant dates
18:Breed's Hill
16:(Redirected from
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1680:Middlesex County
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444:Colonel Prescott
389:Charlestown Neck
349:Sir Andrew Agnew
333:William Prescott
240:January 20, 1961
232:October 15, 1966
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183:Willard, Solomon
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832:on June 6, 2009
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599:Lydia Sigourney
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544:Granite Railway
517:Solomon Willard
469:William Ticknor
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371:located in the
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345:Richard Gridley
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305:and is part of
288:Granite Railway
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1857:northwestern
1618:Essex County
1376:
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1363:Constitution
1362:
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1291:(Paperback:
1268:
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1223:
1213:February 19,
1211:. Retrieved
1201:
1191:February 19,
1189:. Retrieved
1179:
1167:. Retrieved
1163:
1154:
1142:. Retrieved
1138:the original
1115:
1103:. Retrieved
1099:Mass Moments
1098:
1089:
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1043:– via
1037:. Retrieved
1028:
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860:. Retrieved
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834:. Retrieved
830:the original
825:
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695:Stereoscopic
597:
561:
548:
540:
521:
501:
483:, Professor
475:, including
467:
464:Construction
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410:
366:
363:Breed's Hill
330:
327:
323:
313:
311:
292:
255:
253:
248:June 2, 1987
144:42°22′34.9″N
29:
1877:Other lists
1837:Southbridge
1717:Marlborough
1671:Springfield
1604:New Bedford
983:, pp. 82-83
910:R. Reilly,
532:Grand Lodge
375:section of
373:Charlestown
353:James Wolfe
159: /
147:71°3′38.8″W
135:Coordinates
1958:Categories
1767:Winchester
1742:Somerville
1702:Framingham
1630:Gloucester
1599:Fall River
1578:Barnstable
1485:Barnstable
781:References
385:Somerville
341:John Stark
320:Background
204:ID87001128
1847:Worcester
1783:Brookline
1752:Wakefield
1707:Lexington
1692:Cambridge
1687:Arlington
1550:Worcester
1530:Nantucket
1525:Middlesex
1520:Hampshire
1490:Berkshire
1169:March 22,
590:in 1987.
519:be used.
436:peninsula
428:Americans
405:Cambridge
180:Architect
1919:Category
1842:Uxbridge
1819:southern
1814:northern
1747:Stoneham
1737:Sherborn
1640:Lawrence
1554:northern
1540:Plymouth
1510:Franklin
1287:24147566
1144:April 9,
1105:June 17,
1039:April 9,
1012:April 9,
862:July 13,
836:June 30,
724:See also
601:'s poem
403:between
218:66000138
125:Location
1884:Bridges
1852:eastern
1757:Waltham
1732:Reading
1722:Medford
1697:Concord
1650:Methuen
1635:Ipswich
1625:Andover
1609:Taunton
1583:Harwich
1545:Suffolk
1535:Norfolk
1515:Hampden
1495:Bristol
1241:Sources
981:Ketchum
936:4952179
898:1290413
451:redoubt
432:British
416:History
369:drumlin
276:obelisk
196:Part of
191:Obelisk
175:1825-43
1899:Boston
1809:Boston
1793:Quincy
1788:Milton
1762:Weston
1727:Newton
1712:Lowell
1428:Topics
1306:
1295:
1285:
1275:
1077:
1073:-209.
934:
896:
511:, and
377:Boston
295:statue
284:Quincy
264:Boston
1655:Salem
1505:Essex
1500:Dukes
343:, or
172:Built
1645:Lynn
1361:USS
1304:ISBN
1293:ISBN
1283:OCLC
1273:ISBN
1215:2015
1193:2015
1171:2017
1146:2018
1107:2019
1075:ISBN
1041:2018
1014:2018
932:OCLC
894:OCLC
864:2023
838:2009
442:and
426:The
254:The
1071:171
1034:281
262:in
213:No.
1960::
1281:.
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789:^
479:,
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