535:, meaning that there will be no trump suit). Players take turns to call in a clockwise order: each player in turn either passes, doubles – which increases the penalties for not making the contract specified by the opposing partnership's last bid, but also increases the reward for making it – or redoubles, or states a contract that their partnership will adopt, which must be higher than the previous highest bid (if any). Eventually, the player who bid the highest contract – which is determined by the contract's level as well as the trump suit or no trump – wins the contract for their partnership.
286:
1139:" are frequently used, as noted above. These avoid the possibility of players at other tables hearing any spoken bids. The bidding cards are laid out in sequence as the auction progresses. Although it is not a formal rule, many clubs adopt a protocol that the bidding cards stay revealed until the first playing card is tabled, after which point the bidding cards are put away. Bidding pads are an alternative to bidding boxes. A bidding pad is a block of 100mm square tear-off sheets. Players write their bids on the top sheet. When the first trick is complete the sheet is torn off and discarded.
1228:(artificial). A natural call carries a meaning that reflects the call; a natural bid intuitively showing hand or suit strength based on the level or suit of the bid, and a natural double expressing that the player believes that the opposing partnership will not make their contract. By contrast, a conventional (artificial) call offers and/or asks for information by means of pre-agreed coded interpretations, in which some calls convey very specific information or requests that are not part of the natural meaning of the call. Thus in response to 4NT, a 'natural' bid of 5
398:
480:
827:, stating that their side will win a specific number of the remaining tricks. The claiming player lays his cards down on the table and explains the order in which he intends to play the remaining cards. The opponents can either accept the claim and the round is scored accordingly, or dispute the claim. If the claim is disputed, play continues with the claiming player's cards face up in rubber games, or in duplicate games, play ceases and the tournament director is called to adjudicate the hand.
40:
856:, or tricks bid and made in excess of six. In both rubber and duplicate bridge, the declaring side is awarded 20 points per odd trick for a contract in clubs or diamonds, and 30 points per odd trick for a contract in hearts or spades. For a contract in notrump, the declaring side is awarded 40 points for the first odd trick and 30 points for the remaining odd tricks. Contract points are doubled or quadrupled if the contract is respectively doubled or redoubled.
7641:
626:
the player to the left of the dealer, before dealing. Players take turns to deal, in clockwise order. The dealer deals the cards clockwise, one card at a time. Normally, rubber bridge is played with two packs of cards and whilst one pack is being dealt, the dealer's partner shuffles the other pack. After shuffling the pack is placed on the right ready for the next dealer. Before dealing, the next dealer passes the cards to the previous dealer who cuts them.
1079:, or more exactly, a tactical game with inbuilt randomness, imperfect knowledge and restricted communication. The chance element is in the deal of the cards; in duplicate bridge some of the chance element is eliminated by comparing results of multiple pairs in identical situations. This is achievable when there are eight or more players, sitting at two or more tables, and the deals from each table are preserved and passed to the next table, thereby
613:
4191:
504:
a deal with a trump suit, cards of that suit are superior in rank to any of the cards of any other suit. If one or more players plays a trump to a trick when void in the suit led, the highest trump wins. For example, if the trump suit is spades and a player is void in the suit led and plays a spade card, they win the trick if no other player plays a higher spade. If a trump suit is led, the usual rule for trick-taking applies.
820:
required to follow suit if possible. Tricks are won by the highest trump, or if there were none played, the highest card of the led suit. The player who won the previous trick leads to the next trick. The declarer has control of the dummy's cards and tells his partner which card to play at dummy's turn. There also exist conventions that communicate further information between defenders about their hands during the play.
587:
2650:
redoubled, the declaring side receives 200 and 400 points respectively. Additional bonus points may apply depending on the variation played; for example, in duplicate bridge, the declaring side is awarded a game bonus for having won 100 or more contract points, which is 500 if vulnerable, for a total of 600 points (500 + 100), or 300 if not vulnerable, for a total of 400 points (300 + 100).
1244:
utility, because the information it conveys is not valuable or because the desire to convey that information arises only rarely. The conventional meaning conveys more useful (or more frequently useful) information. There are a very large number of conventions from which players can choose; many books have been written detailing bidding conventions. Well-known conventions include
1201:(optional customizations incorporated into the main system for handling specific bidding situations) which are pre-chosen between the partners prior to play. The line between a well-known convention and a part of a system is not always clear-cut: some bidding systems include specified conventions by default. Bidding systems can be divided into mainly natural systems such as
1124:
245:, specifying how many tricks the partnership receiving the contract (the declaring side) needs to take to receive points for the deal. During the auction, partners use their bids to exchange information about their hands, including overall strength and distribution of the suits; no other means of conveying or implying any information is permitted. The cards are then
1749:
surface meaning into the bidding. Alternatively, many partnerships play this same bidding sequence as "Crawling
Stayman" by which the responder shows a weak hand (less than eight high card points) with shortness in diamonds but at least four hearts and four spades; the opening bidder may correct to spades if that appears to be the better contract.
1099:, although they were not found eligible for the main Olympic program. In October 2017 the British High Court ruled against the English Bridge Union, finding that Bridge is not a sport under a definition of sport as involving physical activity, but did not rule on the "broad, somewhat philosophical question" as to whether or not bridge is a sport.
1262:
share, and they also consume substantial bidding space which prevents a possibly strong opposing pair from exchanging information on their cards. Several systems include the use of opening bids or other early bids with weak hands including long (usually six to eight card) suits at the 2, 3 or even 4 or 5 levels as preempts.
775:(the denomination), provided that it is higher than the last bid by any player, including their partner. All bids promise to take a number of tricks in excess of six, so a bid must be between one (seven tricks) and seven (thirteen tricks). A bid is higher than another bid if either the level is greater (e.g., 2
2178:) they will play the higher one first. West plays the card face down, to give their partner and the declarer (but not dummy) a chance to ask any last questions about the bidding or to object if they believe West is not the correct hand to lead. After that, North's cards are laid on the table and North becomes
542:; the auction concludes when there have been three successive passes. Note that six tricks are added to contract values, so the six-level contract is a contract of twelve tricks. In practice, establishing a contract without enough information on the other partner's hand is difficult, so there exist many
1337:
even if they have the bulk of the points. This hand is nearly valueless unless spades are trumps but it contains good enough spades that the penalty for being set should not be higher than the value of an opponent game. The high card weakness makes it likely that the opponents have enough strength to
1169:
Much of the complexity in bridge arises from the difficulty of arriving at a good final contract in the auction (or deciding to let the opponents declare the contract). This is a difficult problem: the two players in a partnership must try to communicate enough information about their hands to arrive
413:
was developed, in which the players bid in a competitive auction to decide the contract and declarer. The object became to make at least as many tricks as were contracted for, and penalties were introduced for failing to do so. Auction bridge bidding beyond winning the auction is pointless. If taking
1719:
Every call (including "pass", also sometimes called "no bid") serves two purposes. It confirms or passes some information to a partner, and, by implication, denies any other kind of hand which would have tended to support an alternative call. For example, a bid of 2NT immediately after partner's 1NT
875:
points wins the rubber. Duplicate bridge is scored comparatively, meaning that the score for the hand is compared to other tables playing the same cards and match points are scored according to the comparative results: usually either "matchpoint scoring", where each partnership receives 2 points (or
863:
Overtricks score the same number of points per odd trick, although their doubled and redoubled values differ. Bonuses vary between the two bridge variations both in score and in type (for example, rubber bridge awards a bonus for holding a certain combination of high cards), although some are common
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The dealer opens the auction and can make the first call, and the auction proceeds clockwise. When it is their turn to call, a player may pass – but can enter into the bidding later – or bid a contract, specifying the level of their contract and either the trump suit or
625:
In rubber bridge each player draws a card at the start of the game; the player who draws the highest card deals first. The second highest card becomes the dealer's partner and takes the chair on the opposite side of the table. They play against the other two. The deck is shuffled and cut, usually by
600:
is assigned to each seat, so that one partnership sits in North and South, while the other sits in West and East. The cards may be freshly dealt or, in duplicate bridge games, pre-dealt. All that is needed in basic games are the cards and a method of keeping score, but there is often other equipment
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The player who played the highest-ranked card wins the trick. Within a suit, the ace is ranked highest followed by the king, queen and jack and then the ten through to the two. In a deal where the auction has determined that there is no trump suit, the trick must be won by a card of the suit led. In
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and others. The most significant change was that only the tricks contracted for were scored below the line toward game or a slam bonus, a change that resulted in bidding becoming much more challenging and interesting. Also new was the concept of "vulnerability", making sacrifices to protect the lead
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Strong bridge playing programs such as Jack Bridge (World
Champion in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013 and 2015) and Wbridge5 (World Champion in 2005, 2007, 2008, 2016, 2017 and 2018), probably rank among the top few thousand human pairs worldwide. A series of articles published
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In natural systems, a 1NT opening bid usually reflects a hand that has a relatively balanced shape (usually between two and four (or less often five) cards in each suit) and a sharply limited number of high card points, usually somewhere between 12 and 18 – the most common ranges use a span of
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as the basic evaluation of the strength of a hand, refining this by reference to shape and distribution if appropriate. In the most commonly used point count system, aces are counted as 4 points, kings as 3, queens as 2, and jacks as 1 point; therefore, the deck contains 40 points. In addition, the
1261:
refers to a high-level tactical bid by a weak hand, relying upon a very long suit rather than high cards for tricks. Preemptive bids serve a double purpose – they allow players to indicate they are bidding on the basis of a long suit in an otherwise weak hand, which is important information to
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them for the other table(s) of players. At the end of a session, the scores for each deal are compared, and the most points are awarded to the players doing the best with each particular deal. This measures relative skill (but still with an element of luck) because each pair or team is being judged
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In rubber bridge, a partnership wins one game once it has accumulated 100 contract points; excess contract points do not carry over to the next game. A partnership that wins two games wins the rubber, receiving a bonus of 500 points if the opponents have won a game, and 700 points if they have not.
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starts when a player leads (i.e., plays the first card). The leader to the first trick is determined by the auction; the leader to each subsequent trick is the player who won the preceding trick. Each player, in clockwise order, plays one card on the trick. Players must play a card of the same suit
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denied a four card major, and with at least five hearts, a
Stayman bid must have been justified by having exactly four spades, the other major (since Stayman (as used by this partnership) is not useful with anything except a four card major suit). Thus an astute partner can read much more than the
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Count signals cover the situation when a defender is following suit (usually to a suit that the declarer has led). In such circumstances the order in which a defender plays his spot cards will indicate whether an even or odd number of cards was originally held in that suit. This can help the other
1421:
opening bid for all or almost all strong hands (but sets the threshold for "strong" rather lower than most other systems – usually 16 high card points) and may include other artificial calls to handle other situations (but it may contain natural calls as well). Many experts today use a system
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cover the situation when it is critical to show length in a side suit and it will be too late if defenders wait until that suit is played. Then, the play in the first declarer played suit is a count signal regarding the critical suit and not the trump suit itself. In fact, any signal made about a
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indicate how cards played within a suit are chosen – for example, playing a noticeably high card when this is unexpected can signal encouragement to continue playing the suit, and a low card can signal discouragement and a desire for partner to choose some other suit. (Some partnerships use
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A larger bonus is awarded if the declaring side makes a small slam or grand slam, a contract of 12 or 13 tricks respectively. If the declaring side is not vulnerable, a small slam gets 500 points, and a grand slam 1000 points. If the declaring side is vulnerable, a small slam is 750 points and a
819:
The player from the declaring side who first bid the denomination named in the final contract becomes declarer. The player left to the declarer leads to the first trick. Dummy then lays his or her cards face-up on the table, organized in columns by suit. Play proceeds clockwise, with each player
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If the declaring side makes a contract of 3NT and takes exactly nine tricks, fulfilling the contract (6 + 3), they receive 40 points for the first odd trick, and 60 (30 × 2) points for the remaining odd tricks, adding up to 100 contract points. If the contract was doubled or
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Since a partnership that has freedom to bid gradually at leisure can exchange more information, and since a partnership that can interfere with the opponents' bidding (as by raising the bidding level rapidly) can cause difficulties for their opponents, bidding systems are both informational and
1020:
In addition to the basic rules of play, there are many additional rules covering playing conditions and the rectification of irregularities, which are primarily for use by tournament directors who act as referees and have overall control of procedures during competitions. But various details of
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Conventions are valuable in bridge because of the need to pass information beyond a simple like or dislike of a particular suit, and because the limited bidding space can be used more efficiently by adopting a conventional (artificial) meaning for a given call where a natural meaning has less
2428:
OKbridge is the oldest extant internet bridge service: it was established as a commercial enterprise in 1994, but the program started to be used interactively in August 1990 by players of all standards. OKbridge is a subscription-based club, with services such as customer support and ethics
807:, which increases the penalties and rewards further. Players may not see their partner's hand during the auction, only their own. There exist many bidding conventions that assign agreed meanings to various calls to assist players in reaching an optimal contract (or obstruct the opponents).
2588:
In face-to-face games, a convenient table size is 32 to 40 inches (80 to 100 cm) square or a similarly-sized round table allowing each player to reach to the center of the table during the play of the cards. In online computer play, players from anywhere in the world sit at a virtual
2182:, as both the North and South hands will be controlled by the declarer. West turns the lead card face up, and the declarer studies the two hands to make a plan for the play. On this hand, the trump ace, a spade, and a diamond trick must be lost, so declarer must not lose a trick in clubs.
566:, and their goal is to stop the declarer from fulfilling his contract. Once all the cards have been played, the hand is scored: if the declaring side makes their contract, they receive points based on the level of the contract, with some trump suits being worth more points than others and
2333:
was a bad contract on this hand. The contract depends on the club finesse working, or a defense error. The bonus points awarded for making a game contract far outweigh the penalty for going one off, so it is best strategy in the long run to bid game contracts such as this one.
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at a makeable contract, but the information they can exchange is restricted – information may be passed only by the calls made and later by the cards played, not by other means; in addition, the agreed-upon meaning of each call and play must be available to the opponents.
2305:
North-South score the required 10 tricks, and their opponents take the remaining three. The contract is fulfilled, and North enters the pair numbers, the contract, and the score of +420 for the winning side (North is in charge of bookkeeping in duplicate tournaments) on the
802:
the opponents' bid, increasing the penalties for undertricks, but also increasing the reward for making the contract. Doubling does not carry to future bids by the opponents unless future bids are doubled again. A player on the opposing partnership being doubled may also
810:
The auction ends when, after a player bids, doubles, or redoubles, every other player has passed, in which case the action proceeds to the play; or every player has passed and no bid has been made, in which case the round is considered to be "passed out" and not played.
2189:
K is held by West, South will find it very hard to prevent it from making a trick (unless West leads a club). There is an almost equal chance that it is held by East, in which case it can be trapped against the ace, and will be beaten, using a tactic known as a
1102:
The basic premise of duplicate bridge had previously been used for whist matches as early as 1857. Initially, bridge was not thought to be suitable for duplicate competition; it was not until the 1920s that (auction) bridge tournaments became popular.
1252:(a request by (usually) the weak hand for the partner to bid a particular suit first, and therefore to become the declarer), and the Blackwood convention (to ask for information on the number of aces and kings held, used in slam bidding situations).
1780:
playing for the opponents' high cards to be in a particular position (if their ace is to the right of your king, your king may be able to take a trick, especially if, when that suit is led, the player to your right has to play their card before you
1307:
Opening bids of three or higher are preemptive bids, i.e., bids made with weak hands that especially favor a particular suit, opened at a high level in order to define the hand's value quickly and to frustrate the opposition. For example, a hand of
1680:
cover the situation when a defender cannot follow suit and therefore has free choice what card to play or throw away. In such circumstances the thrown-away card can be used to indicate some aspect of the hand, or a desire for a specific suit to be
1270:
As a rule, a natural suit bid indicates a holding of at least four (or more, depending on the situation and the system) cards in that suit as an opening bid, or a lesser number when supporting partner; a natural NT bid indicates a balanced hand.
1106:
In 1925 when contract bridge first evolved, bridge tournaments were becoming popular, but the rules were somewhat in flux, and several different organizing bodies were involved in tournament sponsorship: the
American Bridge League (formerly the
434:
were adjusted to produce a more balanced and interesting game. Vanderbilt set out his rules in 1925, and within a few years contract bridge had so supplanted other forms of the game that "bridge" became synonymous with "contract bridge".
1720:
not only shows a balanced hand of a certain point range, but also almost always denies possession of a five-card major suit (otherwise the player would have bid it) or even a four card major suit (in that case, the player should use the
519:
or estimate how many tricks they can win, and the number of tricks bid by both players in a partnership are added. If a partnership takes at least that many tricks, they receive points for the round; otherwise, they lose penalty points.
1702:
cover the situation where a defender is returning a suit which will be ruffed by his partner. If he plays a high card he is showing an entry in the higher side suit and vice versa. There are some other situations where this tool may be
1382:, opening hearts or spades usually promises a 5-card suit. Partnerships who agree to play 5-card majors open a minor suit with 4-card majors and then bid their major suit at the next opportunity. This means that an opening bid of 1
561:
After the contract is decided, and the first lead is made, the declarer's partner (dummy) lays their cards face up on the table, and the declarer plays the dummy's cards as well as their own. The opposing partnership is called the
442:. The number of people playing contract bridge has declined since its peak in the 1940s, when a survey found it was played in 44% of US households. The game is still widely played, especially amongst retirees, and in 2005 the
511:, the goal of bridge is not simply to take the most tricks in a deal. Instead, the goal is to successfully estimate how many tricks one's partnership can take. To illustrate this, the simpler partnership trick-taking game of
1752:
The situations detailed here are extremely simple examples; many instances of advanced bidding involve specific agreements related to very specific situations and subtle inferences regarding entire sequences of calls.
2379:
initiated the official World
Championships Computer Bridge, to be held annually along with a major bridge event. The first Computer Bridge Championship took place in 1997 at the North American Bridge Championships in
1291:
the bidding, i.e., to make the first bid in the auction. A combination of two such hands (i.e., 25 or 26 points shared between partners) is often sufficient for a partnership to bid, and generally to make, game in a
633:, having slots designated for each player's cardinal direction seating position. After a deal has been played, players return their cards to the appropriate slot in the board, ready to be played by the next table.
301:, which had become the dominant such game and enjoyed a loyal following for centuries. The idea of a trick-taking, 52-card game has its first documented origins in Italy and France. The French physician and author
2412:(BBO) is the most active online bridge club in the world, with more than 100,000 daily connections and 500,000 hands played each day, in part because it is free to play regular games and volunteer-run tournaments.
316:
Bridge departed from whist with the creation of "Biritch" in the 19th century and evolved through the late 19th and early 20th centuries to form the present game. The first rule book for bridge, dated 1886, is
1016:
as "The Laws of
Duplicate Bridge 2017". The Laws Committee of the WBF, composed of world experts, updates the Laws every 10 years; it also issues a Laws Commentary advising on interpretations it has rendered.
1345:, artificial) or preemptive, depending on the system. Unusually strong bids communicate an especially high number of points (normally 20 or more) or a high trick-taking potential (normally 8 or more). Also 2
1743:
between partners (opponents passing throughout) explicitly shows five hearts but also confirms four cards in spades: the bidder must hold at least five hearts to make it worth looking for a heart fit after
1788:
Nearly all trick-taking techniques in bridge can be reduced to one of these four methods. The optimum play of the cards can require much thought and experience and is the subject of whole books on bridge.
2247:
Q. Not having anything better to do, East returns the remaining trump, taken in South's hand. The trumps now accounted for, South can now execute the finesse, perhaps trapping the king as planned. South
574:. If the declarer fails to fulfill the contract, the defenders receive points depending on the declaring side's undertricks (the number of tricks short of the contract) and whether the contract was
629:
In duplicate bridge the cards are pre-dealt, either by hand or by a computerized dealing machine, in order to allow for competitive scoring. Once dealt, the cards are placed in a device called a
2298:(The trick-by-trick notation used above can be also expressed in tabular form, but a textual explanation is usually preferred in practice, for reader's convenience. Plays of small cards or
2435:
was founded in
November 2020. Its online platform includes built-in audio and video. It is primarily used for organised bridge, ranging from club level to national and zonal championships.
1111:, which changed its name in 1929), the American Whist League, and the United States Bridge Association. In 1935, the first officially recognized world championship was held. In 1958, the
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J. (If East does not play the king, then South will play a low club from South's hand and the queen will win anyway, this being the essence of the finesse). The game is now safe: South
2441:
SWAN Games was founded April 2000. In March 2004, announced a partnership to provide internet services to SBF members and is a competitor in subscription-based online bridge clubs.
1426:(enunciated as two over one game forcing), which amongst other features adds some complexity to the treatment of the one notrump response as used in Standard American. In the UK,
1044:
There are no universally accepted rules for rubber bridge, but some zonal organisations have published their own. An example for those wishing to abide by a published standard is
1146:" are used. These are placed diagonally across the table, preventing partners from seeing each other during the game; often the screen is removed after the auction is complete.
5283:
764:
East-West and North–South compete for the contract. East-West prevail, specifying the trump suit (spades) and the minimum number of tricks beyond six which they must win, six.
886:
point) for each tie; or IMPs (international matchpoint) scoring, where the number of IMPs varies (but less than proportionately) with the points difference between the teams.
1397:
double, is one used to try to gain extra points when the defenders are confident of setting (defeating) the contract. The most common example of a conventional double is the
1095:, with which it is often compared for its complexity and the mental skills required for high-level competition. Bridge and chess are the only "mind sports" recognized by the
845:, increasing the rewards for making the contract, but also increasing the penalties for undertricks. In rubber bridge, if a side has won 100 contract points, they have won a
2082:, since he has a long spade suit of reasonable quality and 10 high card points (an overcall can be made on a hand that is not quite strong enough for an opening bid). North
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386:", became popular in the United States and the United Kingdom in the 1890s despite the long-established dominance of whist. Its breakthrough was its acceptance in 1894 by
4223:
1197:
is a set of partnership agreements on the meanings of bids. A partnership's bidding system is usually made up of a core system, modified and complemented by specific
2397:
describes matches between Jack Bridge and seven top Dutch pairs. A total of 196 boards were played. Jack Bridge lost, but by a small margin (359 versus 385 IMPs).
1528:
Whether doubling a contract at the 1, 2 and sometimes higher levels signifies a belief that the opponents' contract will fail and a desire to raise the stakes (a
2295:
the remaining tricks by showing his or her hand, as it now contains only high trumps and there's no need to play the hand out to prove they are all winners.
1437:
point count, (the 4-3-2-1 system detailed above) but this is sometimes modified in various ways, or either augmented or replaced by other approaches such as
271:, where the cards are not re-dealt on each occasion, but the same deal is played by two or more sets of players (or "tables") to enable comparative scoring.
347:(бирчий, бирич), an occupation of a diplomatic clerk or an announcer. Another theory is that British soldiers invented the game bridge while serving in the
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1115:(WBF) was founded to promote bridge worldwide, coordinate periodic revision to the Laws (each ten years, next in 2027) and conduct world championships.
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2170:. West chooses the spade king because spades is the suit the partnership has shown strength in, and because they have agreed that when they hold two
1430:
is the most common system; its main features are a weak one notrump opening with 12–14 high card points and several variations for 2-level openings.
261:
based on the number of tricks taken, the contract, and various other factors which depend to some extent on the variation of the game being played.
2147:(nine tricks at notrump, ten tricks in hearts or spades, 11 tricks in clubs or diamonds), which yields bonus points if bid and made. East-West are
1374:
Opening bids at the one level are made with hands containing 12–13 points or more and which are not suitable for one of the preceding bids. Using
4216:
2394:
1240:
in the same situation would say nothing about the diamond suit, but would tell the partner that the hand in question contains exactly one ace.
5465:
499:
7. In a no-trump game, East wins the trick, having played the highest spade. If diamonds or hearts are trumps, South or West respectively win.
2310:. North asks East to check the score entered on the traveller. All players return their own cards to the board, and the next deal is played.
1021:
procedure are left to the discretion of the zonal bridge organisation for tournaments under their aegis and some (for example, the choice of
1232:
would state a preference towards a diamond suit or a desire to play in five diamonds, whereas if the partners have agreed to use the common
5409:
2432:
2419:
1353:
opening is used for either hands with a good 6-card suit or longer (max one losing card) and a total of 18 HCP up to 23 total points – or "
1051:
The majority of rules mirror those of duplicate bridge in the bidding and play and differ primarily in procedures for dealing and scoring.
313:(Exercise in the Latin language) of 1539 has a dialogue on card games, where the characters play 'Triumphus hispanicus' (Spanish Triumph).
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841:
At the end of the hand, points are awarded to the declaring side if they make the contract, or else to the defenders. Partnerships can be
5808:
5404:
5304:
2438:
Sharkbridge founded in 2020 by Milen
Milkovski (Canada), Plamen Panayotov (Canada), John Norris ( Denmark) and Michael Woywode (Germany).
2415:
1371:
opening bid takes care of all hands with 24 points (HCP or with distribution points included) with the only exception of "Gambling 3NT".
422:
final bid, as the bonus for rubber, small slam or grand slam depends on the number of tricks taken rather than the number of tricks bid.
387:
1174:
strategic. It is this mixture of information exchange and evaluation, deduction, and tactics that is at the heart of bidding in bridge.
849:
and are vulnerable for the remaining rounds, but in duplicate bridge, vulnerability is predetermined based on the number of each board.
515:
has a similar mechanism: the usual trick-taking rules apply with the trump suit being spades, but in the beginning of the game, players
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5708:
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1706:
1770:, a prolific author of bridge books, points out that there are only four ways of taking a trick by force, two of which are very easy:
1349:
as the strongest (by HCP and by DP+HCP) has become more common, perhaps especially at websites that offer duplicate bridge. Here the 2
6063:
5839:
5449:
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5329:
5309:
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defender count out the entire original distribution of the cards in that suit. It is sometimes critical to know this when defending.
250:
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Some national contract bridge organizations now offer online bridge play to their members, including the
English Bridge Union, the
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contract would fail by one trick (unless West had led a club early in the play). The failure of the contract would not mean that 4
5470:
5424:
5379:
5369:
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5339:
2418:
is a mobile and web application where users can play deals against robots. The company was started in France and is now owned by
1774:
establishing long suits (the last cards in a suit will take tricks if the opponents do not have the suit and are unable to trump)
1401:
of a low-level suit bid, implying support for the unbid suits or the unbid major suits and asking partner to choose one of them.
218:(WBF) is the governing body for international competitive bridge, with numerous other bodies governing it at the regional level.
3848:
3480:
3429:
2166:, having been first to bid hearts, and the player to South's left, West, has to choose the first card in the play, known as the
1087:
Duplicate bridge is played in clubs and tournaments, which can gather as many as several hundred players. Duplicate bridge is a
853:
842:
7723:
5682:
5439:
5384:
5344:
2554:
571:
563:
254:
804:
528:
242:
6339:
6172:
5618:
4140:
4107:
3614:
3413:
2821:
524:
238:
799:
471:, which enables comparative scoring in tournament play. Each player is dealt thirteen cards from a standard 52-card deck. A
7668:
7659:
6608:
1467:
824:
472:
374:(although 8 club odd tricks and 15 spade odd tricks were needed); the score could be doubled and redoubled; and there were
3550:"Review of the Olympic programme and the recommendations on the programme of the games of the XXIX Olympiad, Beijing 2008"
2603:
2599:
846:
226:
222:
6207:
6003:
4127:
4037:
2860:
1699:
3202:, p. 136: "The ACBL Board of Directors authorizes tournament organizers in ACBL sanctioned events to use bidding boxes."
6214:
6043:
5918:
4081:
2856:
2444:
BridgeClubLive is a subscription based club which was founded in 1994 with the Bridge Player Live
Software for Windows.
531:, specifying how many tricks they will need to take in order to receive points, and also specifying the trump suit (or
17:
2341:
K is in the west hand, but the west hand has no other clubs. In that case, declarer can succeed by simply cashing the
1413:, for instance, is a collection of conventions designed to bolster the accuracy and power of these basic ideas, while
6245:
4550:
4346:
4050:
2683:
2544:
7644:
6332:
5475:
4826:
1762:
1541:
Whether doubling or overcalling over opponents' 1NT is natural or conventional. One common artificial agreement is
1304:
exactly three points (for example, 12–14, 15–17 or 16–18), but some systems use a four-point range, usually 15–18.
871:
In rubber bridge, the rubber finishes when a partnership has won two games, but the partnership receiving the most
2405:
There are several free and subscription-based services available for playing bridge on the internet. For example:
7718:
7703:
6078:
5798:
5793:
5768:
5763:
5638:
5633:
5568:
5104:
4132:
4042:
4005:
3979:
2452:
and the Australian Bridge Federation. MSN and Yahoo! Games have several online rubber bridge rooms. In 2001, the
2376:
1542:
1096:
1029:
443:
7708:
7650:
6073:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5868:
5813:
5783:
5778:
5278:
4886:
2967:
2564:
2120:
with good club support and overall values. North complies, as North is at the higher end of the range for his 2
202:, with partners sitting opposite each other around a table. Millions of people play bridge worldwide in clubs,
4009:
3524:
3403:
375:
6193:
6132:
5788:
4891:
4157:
3697:
2623:
e.g., if North is the dealer, they make a call, then the auction continues with East, South, West, and so on.
2229:
K. West decides there is no benefit to holding back, and so wins the trick with the ace, and then cashes the
1662:
Within play, it is also commonly agreed what systems of opening leads, signals and discards will be played:
7521:
7517:
5963:
5863:
5758:
3983:
476:
as the original card led, unless they have none (said to be "void"), in which case they may play any card.
319:
2750:
1532:), or an indication of strength but no biddable suit coupled with a request that partner bid something (a
267:
is the most popular variation for casual play, but most club and tournament play involves some variant of
7241:
7160:
6898:
6771:
6368:
6058:
5993:
5973:
5878:
5628:
5613:
5578:
5563:
5129:
4787:
3661:
1568:
is usually played in otherwise natural systems as conventional, signifying any exceptionally strong hand)
3584:
7713:
7600:
6359:
6159:
6088:
5753:
5593:
5583:
5573:
4356:
4331:
4306:
426:
280:
3948:
6828:
6149:
5998:
5273:
4580:
4570:
3604:
2598:
The terms deal, hand, and board may be used interchangeably in bridge literature. More accurately, a
2456:
issued a special edition of the lawbook adapted for internet and other electronic forms of the game.
1393:
Doubles are sometimes given conventional meanings in otherwise mostly natural systems. A natural, or
425:
The modern game of contract bridge was the result of innovations to the scoring of auction bridge by
366:); dealer's partner's hand became dummy; points were scored above and below the line; game was 3NT, 4
779:
over 1NT) or the denomination is higher, with the order being in ascending (or alphabetical) order:
7698:
7140:
6179:
5883:
4361:
2813:
2559:
2143:
In the auction, north–south are trying to investigate whether their cards are sufficient to make a
1007:
285:
2775:
2199:
After considering the cards, the declarer directs dummy (North) to play a small spade. East plays
1283:
of the cards in a hand into suits may also contribute to the strength of a hand and be counted as
6740:
6680:
6453:
6093:
5913:
5873:
5773:
5643:
5598:
5532:
4661:
4321:
2453:
2449:
2381:
1798:
1112:
1060:
1013:
215:
129:
3549:
2060:
the bidding, they each pass, denying such strength. South, next in turn, opens with the bid of 1
1433:
There are also a variety of advanced techniques used for hand evaluation. The most basic is the
7404:
7090:
6221:
5953:
5738:
5713:
5608:
5542:
5144:
5089:
4630:
4016:
3990:
1477:
Point count required for 1 NT opening bid ('mini' 10–12, 'weak' 12–14, 'strong' 15–17 or 16–18)
1474:
How the partnership's bidding practices will be varied if their opponents intervene or compete.
391:
4070:
Hoyle's Modern Encyclopedia of Card Games: Rules of All the Basic Games and Popular Variations
1696:
that suit, thus not "wasting" a potentially useful intermediate card in the suit of interest.)
1287:. A better than average hand, containing 12 or 13 points, is usually considered sufficient to
7540:
7466:
7409:
6416:
6033:
6028:
5588:
5527:
5139:
5025:
4846:
4721:
4696:
4073:
2878:
2501:
195:
5718:
2805:
2357:
K. Therefore, the superior percentage play is to take the club finesse, as described above.
2235:
1866:
W E
7065:
7040:
6603:
6515:
6228:
6023:
6008:
5978:
5908:
5903:
5733:
5603:
5537:
4726:
4565:
4118:
4099:
2549:
2491:
1801:; North is the dealer and starts the auction which proceeds as shown in the bidding table.
1461:
1233:
2724:
2353:
Q as a winner. The chance of this is far lower than the chance that East started with the
2252:
the dummy (i.e. wins a trick in the dummy's hand) by leading a low diamond, using dummy's
302:
8:
6613:
6598:
6289:
5988:
5983:
5803:
5288:
5134:
5109:
5074:
4530:
4401:
4183:
2806:
1446:
1198:
596:
The four players sit in two partnerships with players sitting opposite their partners. A
2302:
are often omitted from such a description, unless they were important for the outcome).
1028:
Some zonal organisations of the WBF also publish editions of the Laws. For example, the
7487:
7424:
7373:
7338:
7284:
7000:
6702:
6545:
6468:
6258:
6200:
6137:
6083:
6038:
5517:
5501:
5491:
4771:
4590:
4535:
4455:
4406:
4391:
4301:
4281:
2516:
2409:
1721:
1481:
1438:
601:
on the table, such as a board containing the cards to be played (in duplicate bridge),
597:
512:
203:
6154:
4701:
3547:
2064:, which denotes a reasonable heart suit (at least 4 or 5 cards long, depending on the
7492:
7439:
7368:
7045:
6838:
6783:
6718:
6697:
6634:
6623:
6488:
6442:
6426:
6355:
6305:
6068:
5968:
5948:
5849:
5119:
5005:
4926:
4906:
4766:
4691:
4595:
4520:
4475:
4351:
4136:
4103:
4077:
4056:
4046:
3669:
3610:
3409:
2817:
2679:
1442:
1410:
1375:
1206:
1164:
547:
460:
294:
188:
2132:
queen of clubs to fit with partner's strength there. (North could instead have bid 3
1485:(together with Blackwood, described as "the two most famous conventions in Bridge".)
487:
10 so all players must play a spade unless they have none. East "follows suit" with
7379:
7328:
7231:
7105:
7080:
6868:
6823:
6813:
6798:
6750:
6639:
6560:
6499:
6410:
6404:
6272:
6013:
5923:
5204:
5183:
5099:
5069:
5059:
5054:
4871:
4866:
4666:
4585:
4495:
4341:
4336:
4326:
4296:
2611:
2511:
2481:
2471:
2243:
2 instead of another spade. Declarer plays low from the table, and East scores the
1677:
1561:
1423:
1379:
1334:
555:
468:
439:
268:
164:
2945:
397:
7311:
7289:
7261:
7197:
7176:
7075:
6910:
6707:
6655:
6576:
6565:
6398:
6393:
6324:
6265:
5893:
5888:
5748:
5229:
5199:
5010:
4995:
4985:
4921:
4876:
4525:
4515:
4485:
4386:
4376:
4311:
2466:
2372:
2366:
2307:
2264:
the queen with the king, and South takes the trick with the ace, and proceeds by
2069:
1684:
1573:
1284:
1275:
1249:
1143:
606:
479:
306:
7135:
7095:
4761:
7120:
6930:
6483:
6421:
6186:
5834:
5522:
5169:
5154:
5124:
5114:
5079:
5015:
5000:
4916:
4841:
4831:
4746:
4676:
4615:
4470:
4465:
4286:
4261:
2972:
2845:
2607:
2065:
1534:
1414:
1398:
1210:
1160:
1076:
836:
630:
617:
543:
431:
410:
402:
324:
258:
168:
6691:
4178:
3493:
A cross-referenced listing with additional documentation is also available at
7692:
7620:
7535:
7502:
7429:
7110:
7025:
6818:
6665:
6570:
5958:
5728:
5723:
5224:
5214:
5159:
5149:
5094:
5084:
5064:
5030:
5020:
4990:
4975:
4931:
4861:
4851:
4600:
4480:
4450:
4381:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4032:
3673:
2699:
2671:
2213:
2136:, indicating not enough strength for game, asking South to pass and so play 3
1767:
1182:
1178:
464:
359:
352:
264:
206:, online and with friends at home, making it one of the world's most popular
6863:
4060:
3495:
1670:
govern how the first card to be played will be chosen and what it will mean,
1333:, designed to make it difficult for the opposing team to bid and find their
1084:
only on the ability to bid with, and play, the same cards as other players.
7616:
7555:
7255:
7171:
6858:
6745:
6735:
6535:
6530:
5898:
5698:
5234:
5209:
5164:
4911:
4901:
4881:
4756:
4731:
4640:
4635:
4620:
4505:
4396:
4366:
4291:
4091:
3898:
2897:
2801:
2277:
1667:
1557:
383:
305:(1493–1553) mentions a game called "La Triomphe" in one of his works. Also
6712:
538:
In the example auction below, the east–west pair secures the contract of 6
362:
suit, or nominated his partner to do so; there was a call of "no trumps" (
77:
39:
7626:
7580:
7507:
7389:
7384:
7333:
6970:
6920:
6853:
6660:
6525:
6510:
5829:
5496:
5040:
4961:
4741:
4706:
4686:
4610:
4575:
4500:
4460:
4122:
3573:
1654:
1434:
1214:
1136:
1128:
602:
348:
103:
85:
6587:
6582:
1341:
Openings at the 2 level are either unusually strong (2NT, natural, and 2
358:
Biritch had many significant bridge-like developments: dealer chose the
7477:
7358:
7299:
7214:
7145:
7005:
6990:
6843:
6833:
6550:
6448:
5943:
5743:
5547:
5219:
5035:
4751:
4645:
4625:
4605:
4545:
4540:
4371:
2521:
2506:
2281:
a small club with a dummy's trump, then ruffs a diamond in hand for an
1450:
1297:
1293:
1088:
558:. Contrast with Spades, where players only have to bid their own hand.
463:
with thirteen tricks per deal. The dominant variations of the game are
379:
257:
trying to stop the declaring side from achieving its goal. The deal is
3548:
Franco Carraro (Olympic Programme Commission Chairman) (August 2002).
7570:
7482:
7450:
7445:
7419:
7394:
7343:
7225:
7219:
7085:
7070:
7015:
6995:
6945:
6925:
6593:
6555:
6437:
6018:
4980:
4836:
4681:
3873:
2486:
2287:
795:, and NT (no trump). Calls may be made orally or with a bidding box.
438:
The form of bridge mostly played in clubs, tournaments and online is
207:
199:
191:
6473:
4190:
2640:
and that becomes the final contract, then player A becomes declarer.
2217:, but for the purpose of this example, let us assume South wins the
1556:
Whether opening bids at the two level are 'strong' (20+ points) or '
852:
If the declaring side makes their contract, they receive points for
612:
7550:
7472:
7294:
7267:
7050:
7035:
7010:
6950:
6883:
6873:
6848:
6675:
6644:
6628:
6540:
6048:
4716:
4555:
4510:
2100:
2074:
323:
written by John Collinson, an English financier working in Ottoman
6975:
6793:
6431:
4201:
3923:
1510:, signifying an opening hand lacking a notable heart or spade suit
1456:
Common conventions and variations within natural systems include:
1409:
Bidding systems depart from these basic ideas in varying degrees.
1248:(to ask the opening 1NT bidder to show any four-card major suit),
1131:
containing all the possible calls a player can make in the auction
355:, which they crossed on their way to a coffeehouse to play cards.
7612:
7530:
7461:
7363:
7348:
7279:
7273:
7208:
7150:
7115:
7055:
7030:
7020:
6965:
6960:
6940:
6888:
6878:
6760:
6724:
6618:
6520:
6493:
4956:
4856:
4736:
4560:
4490:
4411:
4116:
3727:
2375:
made great progress at the end of the 20th century. In 1996, the
2285:
back, and ruffs the last club in dummy (sometimes described as a
2192:
1490:
1257:
1245:
337:
211:
7560:
6803:
6788:
2151:
in spades, hoping to play a contract in spades at a low level. 4
1036:
and additional documentation for club and tournament directors.
7565:
7545:
7434:
7414:
7399:
7353:
7322:
7317:
7202:
7181:
7130:
7125:
7060:
6985:
6980:
6935:
6915:
6729:
6670:
6650:
6504:
6463:
4896:
2476:
1072:
586:
81:
4173:
1593:
over 2NT respectively require the 1NT or 2NT bidder to rebid 2
1123:
1012:
The official rules of duplicate bridge are promulgated by the
798:
If the last bid was by the opposing partnership, one may also
7585:
7456:
7305:
7192:
7187:
7100:
6955:
6808:
6755:
6685:
6458:
6388:
6382:
3740:
2531:
2496:
1092:
508:
298:
172:
3783:
1091:, and its popularity gradually became comparable to that of
7608:
7590:
7575:
7497:
4711:
4671:
3952:
3758:
2526:
1553:
means both majors and a major shows that suit plus a minor.
1427:
1202:
551:
335:
as being the Russian community in Constantinople. The word
198:. In its basic format, it is played by four players in two
4188:
3849:"Qualifier for the 2021 World National Team Championships"
2846:"First Steps of Bridge in the West: Collinson's 'Biritch'"
1025:) to the sponsoring organisation (for example, the club).
414:
all 13 tricks, there is no difference in score between a 1
3289:
3253:
3024:
2678:. Teach Yourself Books. Hodder and Stoughton. p. 1.
4168:
3094:
3092:
3090:
2844:
Depaulis, Thierry; Fuchs, Jac (September–October 2003).
5466:
List of bridge people with Knowledge (English) articles
3823:
2968:"Turning Tricks – The rise and fall of contract bridge"
1688:"reverse" signals, meaning that a noticeably high card
1390:
will sometimes be made with only 3 cards in that suit.
876:
1 point) for each pair that they beat, and 1 point (or
546:
assigning meanings to bids, with common ones including
382:. This game, and variants of it known as "bridge" and "
341:
is thought to be a transliteration of the Russian word
4030:
3590:
2056:
As neither North nor East have sufficient strength to
1641:
respectively require the 1NT, or 2NT bidder to rebid 4
889:
Undertricks are scored in both variations as follows:
225:, each progressing through four phases. The cards are
3337:
3142:
3087:
1621:
over 1NT respectively require the 1NT bidder to bid 3
1549:
is a transfer to be passed or corrected to a major, 2
1048:
as published by the American Contract Bridge League.
2155:
is the final contract, 10 tricks being required for
2072:. On this hand, South has 14 high card points. West
1560:' (i.e., pre-emptive with a 6 card suit). (Note: an
3759:"Bridge Online Play Bridge Game On Line - OKbridge"
2606:is the four hands in one allocation of 52 cards; a
446:estimated there were 25 million players in the US.
6354:
289:John Collinson's "Biritch, or Russian Whist", 1886
154:Very low to moderate (depending on variant played)
3593:, p. 576. See World Bridge Federation (WBF).
3525:"The WBF Code of Laws for Electronic Bridge 2001"
2313:On the prior hand, it is quite possible that the
7690:
2337:Similarly, there is a minuscule chance that the
2317:K is held by West. For example, by swapping the
1521:requires a minimum of 4 or 5 cards in the suit (
998:as promulgated by various bridge organizations.
2812:(2nd ed.). Wiley Publishing, Inc. p.
2776:"At the Bridge Table, Clues to a Lucid Old Age"
2748:
570:being the highest, as well as bonus points for
6115:
2895:
2393:in 2005 and 2006 in the Dutch bridge magazine
1367:NT", like 2NT but with 22–23 HCP. Whilst the 2
523:Bridge extends the concept of bidding into an
6340:
4217:
2876:
2843:
1777:playing a high card that no one else can beat
1710:suit in another suit might be called as such.
1181:in bridge bidding and play are summarized as
994:The rules of the game are referred to as the
378:bonuses. It has some features in common with
342:
5256:
3741:"Play bridge online for free with Funbridge"
3602:
3366:
3364:
2751:"Billionaires bank on bridge to trump poker"
1329:would be a candidate for an opening bid of 3
1209:, and mainly artificial systems such as the
1118:
5809:World Transnational Open Teams Championship
3385:
3383:
3381:
3379:
3277:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2833:
1727:Likewise, in some partnerships the bid of 2
1142:In top national and international events, "
1063:promulgated a set of laws for online play.
6347:
6333:
5845:European Universities Bridge Championships
5709:Bridge at the 2012 World Mind Sports Games
5704:Bridge at the 2008 World Mind Sports Games
4224:
4210:
3193:
2965:
1296:or notrump (more are usually needed for a
1220:Calls are usually considered to be either
1188:
331:dated 28 May 1906, document the origin of
6064:United States Bridge Championships - Open
5840:Commonwealth Nations Bridge Championships
3692:
3690:
3644:
3629:
3361:
3241:
3229:
2325:A between the defending hands. Then the 4
5624:List of contract bridge governing bodies
3659:
3574:"High Court rules bridge is not a sport"
3376:
3325:
3205:
3132:
3130:
3117:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3077:
3075:
3014:
3012:
3010:
2830:
2636:and player B, their partner, raises to 4
1265:
1122:
942:
933:
611:
585:
478:
430:in a rubber more expensive. The various
396:
284:
274:
253:trying to fulfill the contract, and the
3723:
3721:
3719:
3698:"Bridge-Bot World Championship History"
3349:
3313:
3181:
3169:
3159:
3157:
2997:
2995:
2602:is one player's holding of 13 cards; a
2387:
527:, where partnerships compete to take a
14:
7691:
5683:List of bridge competitions and awards
5284:List of nationality transfers in sport
4254:
4169:American Contract Bridge League (ACBL)
4090:
4067:
3828:USBF (United States Bridge Federation)
3687:
3343:
3295:
3259:
3148:
3098:
3036:
3030:
2857:The International Playing-Card Society
2800:
2555:List of bridge competitions and awards
1714:
1071:Bridge is a game of skill played with
246:
6328:
6173:25 Bridge Conventions You Should Know
6114:
6054:Sternberg Women's Board-a-Match Teams
5664:
5619:International Mind Sports Association
5255:
4808:
4432:
4243:
4205:
4187:
3606:Bridge Maxims: Secrets of Better Play
3603:Grant, Audrey; Rodwell, Eric (1987).
3401:
3301:
3265:
3127:
3104:
3072:
3060:
3048:
3007:
2670:
2459:
2371:After many years of little progress,
2260:Q from dummy to the next trick. East
1938:
1925:
1858:
1824:
1806:
5857:North American bridge Championships:
4026:from the original on 9 October 2022.
3716:
3591:Francis, Truscott & Francis 2001
3562:from the original on 9 October 2022.
3537:from the original on 9 October 2022.
3217:
3154:
2992:
2980:
2866:from the original on 9 October 2022.
2749:Martha T. Moore (19 December 2005).
1797:The cards are dealt as shown in the
1692:that suit and a noticeably low card
581:
459:Bridge is a four-player partnership
293:Bridge is a member of the family of
6208:The Official Encyclopedia of Bridge
6004:North American Bridge Championships
4231:
4128:The Official Encyclopedia of Bridge
4038:The Official Encyclopedia of Bridge
4035:; Francis, Dorthy A., eds. (2001).
3824:"2021 World Championship and USBCs"
3660:Truscott, Alan (13 December 1981).
3541:
3430:"The Laws of Duplicate Bridge 2017"
3286:, Part I ("Definitions"): Declarer.
2094:points. East supports spades with 2
1946:K Q 10 5 3
1840:A 10 7 6 5
1404:
1075:dealt cards, which makes it also a
24:
6215:Planning the Play of a Bridge Hand
5919:Keohane North American Swiss Teams
4151:
4004:
4000:from the original on 6 April 2016.
3951:. 20 December 1996. Archived from
3702:World Computer-Bridge Championship
3555:. IOC Executive Board. p. 8.
3460:
3389:
3355:
3247:
3238:, Law 6B & 6E, pp. 9–10.
3235:
3211:
3199:
3187:
3175:
2256:A to win the trick, and leads the
2128:bid promised only three), and the
2124:bid, and has a fourth trump (the 2
2090:, showing heart support and about
1856:K Q 8 7 2
1756:
1571:Whether the partnership will play
1495:the partnership will play, if any.
1493:(e.g. bidding the opponents' suit)
467:, more common in social play; and
327:. It and his subsequent letter to
25:
7735:
6246:List of contract bridge magazines
5665:
4551:Optimum contract and par contract
4347:Glossary of contract bridge terms
4194:Topics related to Contract bridge
4162:
2877:Alan Truscott (2 February 1992).
2545:Glossary of contract bridge terms
2221:A at trick 1). South proceeds by
2203:(small card) and South takes the
1508:(also called 'phoney' or 'short')
591:Partners sit opposite each other.
229:to the players; then the players
221:The game consists of a number of
7640:
7639:
4189:
3442:from the original on 17 May 2017
2966:David Owen (17 September 2007).
2253:
2244:
2240:
1784:trumping an opponent's high card
1763:List of play techniques (bridge)
1745:
1736:
1634:
1626:
1586:
1578:
1550:
1503:
1465:(either the original version or
1387:
1368:
1346:
1320:
1237:
1229:
784:
733:
676:
492:
371:
38:
6044:Smith Life Master Women's Pairs
5799:World Senior Teams Championship
5794:World Senior Pairs Championship
5769:World Junior Teams Championship
5764:World Junior Pairs Championship
5639:United States Bridge Federation
5634:South African Bridge Federation
5569:American Contract Bridge League
5105:Non-simultaneous double squeeze
4133:American Contract Bridge League
4131:(7th ed.). Horn Lake, MS:
4043:American Contract Bridge League
4006:American Contract Bridge League
3980:American Contract Bridge League
3978:
3971:
3949:"Bridge Player LIVE! - /BPLIVE"
3941:
3916:
3891:
3866:
3841:
3816:
3801:
3776:
3751:
3733:
3653:
3638:
3623:
3596:
3566:
3517:
3512:
3506:
3465:
3454:
3422:
3402:Reese, Terence (17 June 2013).
3395:
3370:
3331:
3319:
3307:
3283:
3271:
3223:
3163:
3136:
3121:
3081:
3066:
3054:
3042:
3018:
3001:
2986:
2959:
2938:
2929:
2920:
2917:Elwell 1905 and Benedict 1900.
2911:
2889:
2870:
2643:
2632:For example, if player A bids 2
2626:
2617:
1300:game, as the level is higher).
1097:International Olympic Committee
1030:American Contract Bridge League
6074:Von Zedtwitz Life Master Pairs
5939:Manfield Non-Life Master Pairs
5929:Leventritt Silver Ribbon Pairs
5869:Edgar Kaplan Blue Ribbon Pairs
5814:World Women Pairs Championship
5784:World Mixed Teams Championship
5779:World Mixed Pairs Championship
5279:List of contract bridge people
4887:Principle of restricted choice
3784:"Real Bridge with Real People"
2896:John Collinson (9 July 1886).
2794:
2768:
2742:
2717:
2692:
2664:
2637:
2633:
2592:
2582:
2565:List of contract bridge people
2400:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2230:
2226:
2218:
2204:
2159:to make with hearts as trump.
2152:
2137:
2133:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2095:
2087:
2079:
2061:
2031:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1994:
1927:
1812:
1740:
1728:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1614:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1582:
1518:
1514:
1330:
1314:
1310:
1109:American Auction Bridge League
1066:
792:
788:
742:
716:
702:
690:
682:
539:
496:
488:
484:
419:
415:
367:
13:
1:
7724:Card games introduced in 1925
6194:Contract Bridge for Beginners
6133:List of contract bridge books
5789:World Open Pairs Championship
5471:List of bridge administrators
4809:
4174:World Bridge Federation (WBF)
4158:List of contract bridge books
4041:(6th ed.). Memphis, TN:
3373:, Law 72–74, pp. 34–35.
3045:, Law 72(a), pp. 34–35.
2610:is a term more applicable to
2570:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2318:
2314:
2272:
2257:
2186:
2105:
2020:
1803:
1732:
1622:
1618:
1565:
1546:
1499:
1418:
1383:
1350:
1342:
1324:
780:
776:
708:
696:
6079:Wagar Women's Knockout Teams
5964:Mitchell Board-a-Match Teams
5864:ACBL King or Queen of Bridge
5759:World IMP Pairs Championship
4244:
4121:; Greenberg-Yarbro, Tracey;
3662:"Bridge – One for the Books"
3649:. Bridge Lessons. (Deal 14).
3473:"Basic Laws and Regulations"
2855:. Vol. 32, no. 2.
2657:
2360:
1506:) is 'natural' or 'suspect'
1274:Most systems use a count of
1001:
982:
979:
976:
973:
965:
962:
959:
956:
948:
945:
939:
936:
7:
7669:Tarot and Tarock card games
7660:Non trick-taking card games
6059:Truscott Senior Swiss Teams
5994:Non-Life Master Swiss Teams
5974:Nail Life Master Open Pairs
5934:Machlin Women's Swiss Teams
5879:Chicago Mixed Board-a-Match
5629:Norwegian Bridge Federation
5614:Hungarian Bridge Federation
5579:Brazilian Bridge Federation
5564:American Bridge Association
5130:Simultaneous double squeeze
4788:List of bidding conventions
4433:
3634:. Bridge Lessons. (Deal 1).
3530:. World Bridge Federation.
3435:. World Bridge Federation.
3405:Bridge for Bright Beginners
3214:, Law 80, pp. 99–100.
2898:"Biritch, or Russian Whist"
2729:Baron Barclay Bridge Supply
2538:
2233:Q. For fear of conceding a
2211:. (South may also elect to
1879:10 9 5 4
1513:Whether an opening bid of 1
1417:is a system that uses the 1
1149:
454:
449:
10:
7740:
6160:Terence Reese bibliography
6116:Publications and resources
5754:World Bridge Championships
5594:Canadian Bridge Federation
5584:Bridge Federation of India
5574:Austrian Bridge Federation
4357:History of contract bridge
4332:Duplicate bridge movements
4155:
4068:Gibson, Walter B. (1974).
4010:"Laws of Duplicate Bridge"
3274:, Law 40, pp. 18–19.
3124:, Law 81, pp. 37–39.
3021:, Law 44, pp. 20–21.
2364:
1962:A J 8 5
1921:K 9 6 4
1832:J 8 7 4
1792:
1760:
1158:
1154:
1005:
834:
830:
823:At any time, a player may
643:
636:
427:Harold Stirling Vanderbilt
281:History of contract bridge
278:
113:A K Q J 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
7635:
7599:
7516:
7240:
7159:
6897:
6770:
6367:
6298:
6282:
6238:
6150:Edwin Kantar bibliography
6125:
6121:
6110:
5999:Norman Kay Platinum Pairs
5822:
5691:
5675:
5671:
5660:
5556:
5510:
5484:
5458:
5297:
5274:ACBL Youngest Life Master
5266:
5262:
5251:
5192:
4940:
4819:
4815:
4804:
4780:
4654:
4581:Quantitative notrump bids
4571:Principle of fast arrival
4443:
4439:
4428:
4250:
4239:
4199:
3250:, Law 7B & 7C, p. 11.
1119:Bidding boxes and screens
1054:
1046:The Laws of Rubber Bridge
1039:
905:
902:
897:
894:
483:In this trick, North led
351:, and named it after the
343:
320:Biritch, or Russian Whist
311:Linguae latinae exercitio
163:
158:
150:
125:
117:
109:
99:
91:
73:
65:
57:
49:
37:
6741:Twenty-five (Spoil Five)
6180:Bridge Squeezes Complete
6155:Hugh Kelsey bibliography
5884:Fall National Open Pairs
5257:People and organizations
4362:Laws of Duplicate Bridge
3609:. Prentice-Hall Canada.
3461:Laws of Duplicate Bridge
3390:Laws of Duplicate Bridge
3356:Laws of Duplicate Bridge
3248:Laws of Duplicate Bridge
3236:Laws of Duplicate Bridge
3212:Laws of Duplicate Bridge
3200:Laws of Duplicate Bridge
3188:Laws of Duplicate Bridge
3178:, Law 6, pp. 9–10.
3176:Laws of Duplicate Bridge
2575:
2560:List of bridge magazines
1652:Which (if any) bids are
1034:Laws of Duplicate Bridge
1008:Laws of Duplicate Bridge
989:
971:4th and each subsequent
507:Unlike its predecessor,
6356:Trick-taking card games
6089:Whitehead Women's Pairs
5914:Jacoby Open Swiss Teams
5774:World Mind Sports Games
5644:World Bridge Federation
5599:Dutch Bridge Federation
5533:Galatasaray Bridge Team
4827:List of play techniques
4662:List of bidding systems
4322:Contract bridge diagram
3984:"Laws of Rubber Bridge"
3924:"Home - BridgeClubLive"
3812:: 54–59. February 2021.
3408:. Courier Corporation.
3334:, Law 68–71, pp. 82–86.
3322:, Law 68–71, pp. 32–34.
3166:, Law 8, pp. 5–6.
3004:, Law 3, pp. 3–4.
2907:– via Pagat.com .
2450:Dutch Bridge Federation
2382:Albuquerque, New Mexico
2112:the partner to bid the
1700:Suit preference signals
1658:and require a response.
1189:Systems and conventions
1113:World Bridge Federation
814:
297:and is a derivative of
216:World Bridge Federation
7719:French deck card games
7704:Four-player card games
6222:Right Through the Pack
5954:Mini-Blue Ribbon Pairs
5739:Triple crown of bridge
5714:Cavendish Invitational
5609:European Bridge League
5543:Portland Club (London)
5476:List of bridge writers
5145:Stepping-stone squeeze
5090:Entry-shifting squeeze
4727:Kaplan–Sheinwold
4631:Useful space principle
3928:www.bridgeclublive.com
3853:European Bridge League
3647:Stayman & Transfer
3632:Stayman & Transfer
2704:Kardwell International
1338:make game themselves.
1132:
898:Points per undertrick
622:
593:
500:
406:
392:London's Portland Club
290:
200:competing partnerships
7709:Games of mental skill
7651:Historical card games
7248:(except where stated)
6375:(except where stated)
6034:Senior Knockout Teams
6029:Roth Open Swiss Teams
5589:British Bridge League
4722:Highly unusual method
4697:Bridge World Standard
4156:Further information:
4100:John Wiley & Sons
3808:"RealBridge Review".
3513:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3371:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3332:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3320:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3308:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3284:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3272:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3224:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3164:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3137:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3122:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3082:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3067:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3055:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3043:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3019:Laws of Rubber Bridge
3002:Laws of Rubber Bridge
2987:Laws of Rubber Bridge
2614:and refers to a deal.
2349:K and setting up the
2086:partner's suit with 2
1731:in the sequence 1NT–2
1266:Basic natural systems
1126:
1032:(ACBL) publishes the
868:grand slam is 1,500.
615:
589:
482:
400:
288:
275:History and etymology
210:, particularly among
196:standard 52-card deck
6229:Tickets to the Devil
6024:Rockwell Mixed Pairs
6009:North American Pairs
5979:National 199er Pairs
5909:Hilliard Mixed Pairs
5904:Grand National Teams
5734:Senior Bowl (bridge)
5604:English Bridge Union
5538:Melville Bridge Club
4566:Prepared opening bid
2550:List of bridge books
2388:Stand-alone software
1666:Conventions for the
1611:minor suit transfers
1313: KQJ9872
1234:Blackwood convention
923: Doubled
914: Doubled
241:seeking to take the
44:Bridge declarer play
7405:Officers' Schafkopf
6290:Grand Slam (BBC TV)
6094:Young LM–1500 Pairs
5989:National 99er Pairs
5984:National 49er Pairs
5874:Bruce LM–5000 Pairs
5804:World Team Olympiad
5289:Bridge Headquarters
5135:Single-suit squeeze
5110:Progressive squeeze
5075:Criss-cross squeeze
4531:Law of total tricks
4402:Traveling scoreslip
4031:Francis, Henry G.;
3955:on 20 December 1996
3496:"Bridge Laws Index"
3298:, pp. 136–137.
3262:, pp. 135–136.
3033:, pp. 632–636.
1915:10 7 2
1799:bridge hand diagram
1715:Advanced techniques
1617:and either 2NT or 3
1447:law of total tricks
1285:distribution points
667:
329:The Saturday Review
132:tournament games =
34:
7601:Swiss German packs
7285:Bohemian Schneider
7232:Württemberg Tarock
6201:Design for Bidding
6138:Master Point Press
6084:Wernher Open Pairs
6039:Silodor Open Pairs
5823:National and Zonal
5518:Bridge Base Online
5298:Players by country
5177:Suit combinations:
5026:Morton's fork coup
4772:Strong club system
4591:Sacrifice (bridge)
4536:Losing-Trick Count
4456:Balancing (bridge)
4392:Singaporean bridge
4302:Cheating in bridge
4282:Bridge Murder case
4179:The Bridge Library
4096:Bridge for Dummies
3728:Manley et al. 2011
3666:The New York Times
3580:. 15 October 2015.
2883:The New York Times
2859:. pp. 67–76.
2808:Bridge for Dummies
2780:The New York Times
2460:Related card games
2410:Bridge Base Online
2291:). Finally, South
2098:. South inserts a
2068:) and at least 12
1907:K Q 9
1901:J 4 2
1722:Stayman convention
1523:4 or 5 card majors
1439:losing trick count
1177:A number of basic
1133:
954:2nd and 3rd, each
661:
623:
598:cardinal direction
594:
578:by the defenders.
501:
407:
295:trick-taking games
291:
32:
18:Bridge (card game)
7714:Multiplayer games
7686:
7685:
7680:
7679:
7493:Wendish Schafkopf
7440:Russian Schnapsen
7249:
7165:
6904:
6777:
6376:
6322:
6321:
6318:
6317:
6314:
6313:
6306:Bridge Base Basic
6106:
6105:
6102:
6101:
6069:Vanderbilt Trophy
5969:Mott-Smith Trophy
5949:Master Individual
5850:Gold Cup (bridge)
5719:Computer Olympiad
5656:
5655:
5652:
5651:
5247:
5246:
5243:
5242:
5120:Saturated squeeze
5006:Deschapelles coup
4800:
4799:
4796:
4795:
4767:Standard American
4692:Bridge Base Basic
4596:Shooting (bridge)
4521:Honor point count
4476:Bridge convention
4424:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4352:High card by suit
4142:978-0-939460-99-1
4109:978-1-118-24083-0
4076:: Dolphin Books.
4033:Truscott, Alan F.
3745:www.funbridge.com
3704:. 19 January 2017
3616:978-0-13-081936-9
3415:978-0-486-31746-5
2823:978-0-471-92426-5
2422:which is part of
2239:, West plays the
2054:
2053:
1966:
1965:
1707:Surrogate signals
1443:honor point count
1411:Standard American
1376:Standard American
1207:Standard American
1165:Bridge convention
1135:In tournaments, "
987:
986:
864:between the two.
768:
767:
763:
762:
660:
582:Setup and dealing
548:Standard American
461:trick-taking game
178:
177:
80:, communication,
50:Alternative names
16:(Redirected from
7731:
7673:
7667:
7664:
7658:
7655:
7649:
7643:
7642:
7329:German Schafkopf
7245:
7163:
6902:
6775:
6614:Norseman's knock
6372:
6349:
6342:
6335:
6326:
6325:
6273:The Bridge World
6255:
6254:
6169:
6168:
6147:
6146:
6123:
6122:
6112:
6111:
6014:Red Ribbon Pairs
5924:Lebhar IMP Pairs
5859:
5858:
5673:
5672:
5662:
5661:
5557:Governing bodies
5264:
5263:
5253:
5252:
5205:Journalist leads
5184:Suit combination
5179:
5178:
5100:Knockout squeeze
5070:Compound squeeze
5060:Cannibal squeeze
5055:Backwash squeeze
5050:
5049:
4971:
4970:
4952:
4951:
4867:Grosvenor gambit
4817:
4816:
4806:
4805:
4667:2/1 game forcing
4586:Reverse (bridge)
4496:Five-card majors
4441:
4440:
4430:
4429:
4337:Five-suit bridge
4327:Duplicate bridge
4252:
4251:
4241:
4240:
4226:
4219:
4212:
4203:
4202:
4193:
4185:
4184:
4146:
4113:
4098:(3rd ed.).
4087:
4064:
4027:
4025:
4014:
4001:
3999:
3988:
3965:
3964:
3962:
3960:
3945:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3920:
3914:
3913:
3911:
3909:
3895:
3889:
3888:
3886:
3884:
3870:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3845:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3834:
3820:
3814:
3813:
3805:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3769:
3755:
3749:
3748:
3737:
3731:
3725:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3709:
3694:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3680:
3657:
3651:
3650:
3642:
3636:
3635:
3627:
3621:
3620:
3600:
3594:
3588:
3582:
3581:
3570:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3554:
3545:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3529:
3521:
3515:
3510:
3504:
3503:
3492:
3490:
3488:
3483:on 10 April 2017
3479:. Archived from
3469:
3463:
3458:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3441:
3434:
3426:
3420:
3419:
3399:
3393:
3392:, Law 77, p. 95.
3387:
3374:
3368:
3359:
3353:
3347:
3341:
3335:
3329:
3323:
3317:
3311:
3310:, Law 43, p. 20.
3305:
3299:
3293:
3287:
3281:
3275:
3269:
3263:
3257:
3251:
3245:
3239:
3233:
3227:
3221:
3215:
3209:
3203:
3197:
3191:
3185:
3179:
3173:
3167:
3161:
3152:
3146:
3140:
3139:, Law 41, p. 19.
3134:
3125:
3119:
3102:
3096:
3085:
3084:, Law 22, p. 11.
3079:
3070:
3069:, Law 18, p. 10.
3064:
3058:
3057:, Law 19, p. 10.
3052:
3046:
3040:
3034:
3028:
3022:
3016:
3005:
2999:
2990:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2946:"Auction bridge"
2942:
2936:
2933:
2927:
2924:
2918:
2915:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2904:
2893:
2887:
2886:
2874:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2853:The Playing-Card
2850:
2841:
2828:
2827:
2811:
2798:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2787:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2696:
2690:
2689:
2668:
2651:
2647:
2641:
2639:
2635:
2630:
2624:
2621:
2615:
2612:duplicate bridge
2596:
2590:
2586:
2424:52 Entertainment
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2274:
2259:
2255:
2246:
2242:
2236:ruff and discard
2232:
2228:
2220:
2206:
2188:
2158:
2154:
2139:
2135:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2107:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2081:
2070:high card points
2063:
2033:
2022:
2016:
2010:
2004:
1996:
1968:
1967:
1929:
1814:
1804:
1747:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1574:Jacoby transfers
1567:
1552:
1548:
1520:
1516:
1505:
1502:(and sometimes 1
1501:
1424:2/1 game forcing
1420:
1405:Basic variations
1389:
1385:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1335:optimum contract
1332:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1316:
1312:
1276:high card points
1250:Jacoby transfers
1239:
1231:
892:
891:
885:
884:
880:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
744:
735:
718:
710:
704:
698:
692:
684:
678:
668:
645:
644:
641:
640:
618:Duplicate Boards
556:2/1 game forcing
541:
498:
495:J and West with
494:
490:
486:
469:duplicate bridge
440:duplicate bridge
421:
417:
373:
369:
346:
345:
269:duplicate bridge
165:Duplicate bridge
146:minutes per deal
145:
144:
140:
137:
42:
35:
31:
21:
7739:
7738:
7734:
7733:
7732:
7730:
7729:
7728:
7699:Contract bridge
7689:
7688:
7687:
7682:
7681:
7676:
7671:
7665:
7662:
7656:
7653:
7647:
7631:
7595:
7512:
7312:Dreierschnapsen
7290:Bohemian Watten
7262:Bauernschnapsen
7247:
7244:
7236:
7177:Bavarian Tarock
7155:
7006:Klaberjass/Bela
6901:
6893:
6774:
6766:
6566:Knock-out whist
6374:
6371:
6363:
6353:
6323:
6310:
6294:
6278:
6266:Bridge Magazine
6259:Bridge d'Italia
6252:
6251:
6234:
6166:
6165:
6145:Bibliographies:
6144:
6143:
6117:
6098:
5894:Fishbein Trophy
5889:Fast Open Pairs
5856:
5855:
5818:
5749:WBF Youth Award
5687:
5667:
5648:
5552:
5506:
5480:
5454:
5293:
5258:
5239:
5200:Forcing defense
5188:
5176:
5175:
5047:
5046:
4996:Coup en passant
4986:Belladonna coup
4968:
4967:
4949:
4948:
4936:
4922:Trump promotion
4877:Percentage play
4811:
4792:
4776:
4702:Canapé (bridge)
4650:
4526:Inverted minors
4516:Hand evaluation
4486:Convention card
4435:
4416:
4377:Neuberg formula
4317:Contract bridge
4312:Computer bridge
4246:
4235:
4233:Contract bridge
4230:
4195:
4165:
4160:
4154:
4152:Further reading
4149:
4143:
4125:, eds. (2011).
4117:Manley, Brent;
4110:
4084:
4074:Garden City, NY
4053:
4023:
4012:
3997:
3986:
3974:
3969:
3968:
3958:
3956:
3947:
3946:
3942:
3932:
3930:
3922:
3921:
3917:
3907:
3905:
3899:"Online Bridge"
3897:
3896:
3892:
3882:
3880:
3872:
3871:
3867:
3857:
3855:
3847:
3846:
3842:
3832:
3830:
3822:
3821:
3817:
3807:
3806:
3802:
3792:
3790:
3782:
3781:
3777:
3767:
3765:
3757:
3756:
3752:
3739:
3738:
3734:
3726:
3717:
3707:
3705:
3696:
3695:
3688:
3678:
3676:
3658:
3654:
3645:Andrew Robson.
3643:
3639:
3630:Andrew Robson.
3628:
3624:
3617:
3601:
3597:
3589:
3585:
3572:
3571:
3567:
3559:
3552:
3546:
3542:
3534:
3527:
3523:
3522:
3518:
3511:
3507:
3494:
3486:
3484:
3471:
3470:
3466:
3459:
3455:
3445:
3443:
3439:
3432:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3416:
3400:
3396:
3388:
3377:
3369:
3362:
3354:
3350:
3342:
3338:
3330:
3326:
3318:
3314:
3306:
3302:
3294:
3290:
3282:
3278:
3270:
3266:
3258:
3254:
3246:
3242:
3234:
3230:
3222:
3218:
3210:
3206:
3198:
3194:
3190:, Law 7, p. 11.
3186:
3182:
3174:
3170:
3162:
3155:
3147:
3143:
3135:
3128:
3120:
3105:
3097:
3088:
3080:
3073:
3065:
3061:
3053:
3049:
3041:
3037:
3029:
3025:
3017:
3008:
3000:
2993:
2985:
2981:
2964:
2960:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2934:
2930:
2925:
2921:
2916:
2912:
2902:
2900:
2894:
2890:
2875:
2871:
2863:
2848:
2842:
2831:
2824:
2799:
2795:
2785:
2783:
2774:
2773:
2769:
2759:
2757:
2747:
2743:
2733:
2731:
2723:
2722:
2718:
2708:
2706:
2700:"Bridge Tables"
2698:
2697:
2693:
2686:
2669:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2654:
2648:
2644:
2631:
2627:
2622:
2618:
2597:
2593:
2587:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2541:
2536:
2462:
2403:
2390:
2373:computer bridge
2369:
2367:Computer bridge
2363:
2345:A, felling the
2308:traveling sheet
2207:A, gaining the
2176:adjacent honors
2172:touching honors
2156:
2091:
1869:
1868:
1864:
1863:
1816:Not Vulnerable
1815:
1810:
1808:
1795:
1765:
1759:
1757:Play techniques
1717:
1631:Texas transfers
1407:
1363:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1323: 42
1319:
1309:
1268:
1191:
1167:
1159:Main articles:
1157:
1152:
1144:bidding screens
1121:
1069:
1057:
1042:
1010:
1004:
992:
931:1st undertrick
906:Not vulnerable
882:
878:
877:
839:
833:
817:
666:
664:Example auction
639:
621:
592:
584:
544:bidding systems
457:
452:
401:Bridge club at
307:Juan Luis Vives
283:
277:
181:Contract bridge
142:
138:
135:
133:
110:Rank (high→low)
45:
33:Contract bridge
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7737:
7727:
7726:
7721:
7716:
7711:
7706:
7701:
7684:
7683:
7678:
7677:
7675:
7674:
7636:
7633:
7632:
7630:
7629:
7624:
7605:
7603:
7597:
7596:
7594:
7593:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7563:
7558:
7553:
7548:
7543:
7538:
7533:
7527:
7525:
7514:
7513:
7511:
7510:
7505:
7500:
7495:
7490:
7485:
7480:
7475:
7470:
7464:
7459:
7454:
7448:
7443:
7437:
7432:
7427:
7422:
7417:
7412:
7407:
7402:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7377:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7320:
7315:
7309:
7303:
7297:
7292:
7287:
7282:
7277:
7271:
7265:
7259:
7252:
7250:
7238:
7237:
7235:
7234:
7229:
7223:
7217:
7212:
7206:
7200:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7179:
7174:
7168:
7166:
7157:
7156:
7154:
7153:
7148:
7143:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7123:
7121:Tausendundeins
7118:
7113:
7108:
7103:
7098:
7093:
7088:
7083:
7078:
7073:
7068:
7063:
7058:
7053:
7048:
7046:Officers' Skat
7043:
7038:
7033:
7028:
7023:
7018:
7013:
7008:
7003:
6998:
6993:
6988:
6983:
6978:
6973:
6968:
6963:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6943:
6938:
6933:
6931:Bauernheinrich
6928:
6923:
6918:
6913:
6907:
6905:
6895:
6894:
6892:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6846:
6841:
6836:
6831:
6826:
6821:
6816:
6811:
6806:
6801:
6796:
6791:
6786:
6780:
6778:
6768:
6767:
6765:
6764:
6758:
6753:
6748:
6743:
6738:
6733:
6727:
6722:
6716:
6710:
6705:
6700:
6695:
6689:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6648:
6642:
6637:
6632:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6585:
6580:
6574:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6502:
6497:
6491:
6486:
6484:Call-ace whist
6481:
6476:
6471:
6466:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6440:
6435:
6429:
6424:
6422:Auction bridge
6419:
6414:
6408:
6402:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6379:
6377:
6365:
6364:
6352:
6351:
6344:
6337:
6329:
6320:
6319:
6316:
6315:
6312:
6311:
6309:
6308:
6302:
6300:
6299:External links
6296:
6295:
6293:
6292:
6286:
6284:
6280:
6279:
6277:
6276:
6269:
6262:
6248:
6242:
6240:
6236:
6235:
6233:
6232:
6225:
6218:
6211:
6204:
6197:
6190:
6187:The Cardturner
6183:
6176:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6140:
6135:
6129:
6127:
6119:
6118:
6108:
6107:
6104:
6103:
6100:
6099:
6097:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5835:Camrose Trophy
5832:
5826:
5824:
5820:
5819:
5817:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5695:
5693:
5689:
5688:
5686:
5685:
5679:
5677:
5669:
5668:
5658:
5657:
5654:
5653:
5650:
5649:
5647:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5560:
5558:
5554:
5553:
5551:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5523:Cavendish Club
5520:
5514:
5512:
5508:
5507:
5505:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5488:
5486:
5482:
5481:
5479:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5462:
5460:
5456:
5455:
5453:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5301:
5299:
5295:
5294:
5292:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5270:
5268:
5260:
5259:
5249:
5248:
5245:
5244:
5241:
5240:
5238:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5196:
5194:
5190:
5189:
5187:
5186:
5181:
5172:
5170:Winkle squeeze
5167:
5162:
5157:
5155:Triple squeeze
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5125:Simple squeeze
5122:
5117:
5115:Pseudo-squeeze
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5080:Double squeeze
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5016:Loser on loser
5013:
5008:
5003:
5001:Crocodile coup
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4944:
4942:
4938:
4937:
4935:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4832:Avoidance play
4829:
4823:
4821:
4813:
4812:
4802:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4791:
4790:
4784:
4782:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4747:Precision Club
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4677:Bidding system
4674:
4669:
4664:
4658:
4656:
4652:
4651:
4649:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4616:Takeout double
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4471:Board (bridge)
4468:
4466:Bidding system
4463:
4458:
4453:
4447:
4445:
4437:
4436:
4426:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4415:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4287:Bridge scoring
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4262:Auction bridge
4258:
4256:
4248:
4247:
4237:
4236:
4229:
4228:
4221:
4214:
4206:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4182:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4164:
4163:External links
4161:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4147:
4141:
4114:
4108:
4088:
4083:978-0385076807
4082:
4065:
4051:
4028:
4002:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3940:
3915:
3890:
3865:
3840:
3815:
3810:English Bridge
3800:
3775:
3750:
3732:
3715:
3686:
3652:
3637:
3622:
3615:
3595:
3583:
3565:
3540:
3516:
3505:
3464:
3453:
3421:
3414:
3394:
3375:
3360:
3358:, Law 2, p. 6.
3348:
3346:, p. 138.
3336:
3324:
3312:
3300:
3288:
3276:
3264:
3252:
3240:
3228:
3226:, Law 4, p. 4.
3216:
3204:
3192:
3180:
3168:
3153:
3151:, p. 134.
3141:
3126:
3103:
3101:, p. 135.
3086:
3071:
3059:
3047:
3035:
3023:
3006:
2991:
2989:, Law 1, p. 3.
2979:
2973:The New Yorker
2958:
2937:
2928:
2919:
2910:
2888:
2869:
2829:
2822:
2793:
2767:
2741:
2716:
2691:
2684:
2672:Reese, Terence
2662:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2642:
2625:
2616:
2591:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2446:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2430:
2426:
2413:
2402:
2399:
2389:
2386:
2365:Main article:
2362:
2359:
2268:the remaining
2225:, leading the
2066:bidding system
2052:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2028:
2024:
2023:
2017:
2011:
2005:
1998:
1997:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1923:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1895:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1881:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1842:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1794:
1791:
1786:
1785:
1782:
1778:
1775:
1761:Main article:
1758:
1755:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1704:
1697:
1682:
1675:
1671:
1660:
1659:
1650:
1569:
1554:
1539:
1535:takeout double
1530:penalty double
1526:
1511:
1496:
1488:What types of
1486:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1468:Roman Key Card
1415:Precision Club
1406:
1403:
1399:takeout double
1267:
1264:
1211:Precision Club
1195:bidding system
1190:
1187:
1179:rules of thumb
1161:Bidding system
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1120:
1117:
1077:game of chance
1068:
1065:
1056:
1053:
1041:
1038:
1006:Main article:
1003:
1000:
991:
988:
985:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
968:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
951:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
928:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
908:
907:
904:
900:
899:
896:
837:Bridge scoring
835:Main article:
832:
829:
816:
813:
766:
765:
761:
760:
758:
756:
753:
749:
748:
745:
739:
736:
729:
728:
725:
722:
719:
712:
711:
705:
699:
693:
686:
685:
679:
673:
671:
662:
659:
658:
655:
652:
649:
638:
635:
616:
590:
583:
580:
491:K, South with
456:
453:
451:
448:
411:auction bridge
403:Shimer College
325:Constantinople
279:Main article:
276:
273:
251:declaring side
176:
175:
169:auction bridge
161:
160:
156:
155:
152:
148:
147:
127:
123:
122:
119:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
93:
89:
88:
75:
71:
70:
67:
63:
62:
59:
55:
54:
51:
47:
46:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7736:
7725:
7722:
7720:
7717:
7715:
7712:
7710:
7707:
7705:
7702:
7700:
7697:
7696:
7694:
7670:
7661:
7652:
7646:
7638:
7637:
7634:
7628:
7625:
7622:
7621:Hindersi-Jass
7618:
7614:
7610:
7607:
7606:
7604:
7602:
7598:
7592:
7589:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7574:
7572:
7569:
7567:
7564:
7562:
7559:
7557:
7554:
7552:
7549:
7547:
7544:
7542:
7539:
7537:
7534:
7532:
7529:
7528:
7526:
7523:
7519:
7515:
7509:
7506:
7504:
7503:Unteransetzen
7501:
7499:
7496:
7494:
7491:
7489:
7486:
7484:
7481:
7479:
7476:
7474:
7471:
7468:
7465:
7463:
7460:
7458:
7455:
7452:
7449:
7447:
7444:
7441:
7438:
7436:
7433:
7431:
7430:Rosbiratschka
7428:
7426:
7423:
7421:
7418:
7416:
7413:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7380:Lusti-Kartl'n
7378:
7375:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7347:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7316:
7313:
7310:
7307:
7304:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7275:
7272:
7269:
7266:
7263:
7260:
7257:
7254:
7253:
7251:
7243:
7239:
7233:
7230:
7227:
7224:
7221:
7218:
7216:
7213:
7210:
7207:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7183:
7180:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7169:
7167:
7162:
7158:
7152:
7149:
7147:
7144:
7142:
7139:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7119:
7117:
7114:
7112:
7111:Slobberhannes
7109:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7097:
7094:
7092:
7089:
7087:
7084:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7059:
7057:
7054:
7052:
7049:
7047:
7044:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7026:Letzter Stich
7024:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7007:
7004:
7002:
6999:
6997:
6994:
6992:
6989:
6987:
6984:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6959:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6947:
6944:
6942:
6939:
6937:
6934:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6908:
6906:
6900:
6896:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6845:
6842:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6819:Catch the ten
6817:
6815:
6812:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6781:
6779:
6773:
6769:
6762:
6759:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6739:
6737:
6734:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6723:
6720:
6717:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6706:
6704:
6701:
6699:
6696:
6693:
6690:
6688:(Danish) (20)
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6662:
6659:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6646:
6643:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6578:
6575:
6572:
6571:Konter a Matt
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6512:
6509:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6436:
6433:
6430:
6428:
6425:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6412:
6409:
6406:
6403:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6384:
6381:
6380:
6378:
6370:
6366:
6361:
6357:
6350:
6345:
6343:
6338:
6336:
6331:
6330:
6327:
6307:
6304:
6303:
6301:
6297:
6291:
6288:
6287:
6285:
6281:
6275:
6274:
6270:
6268:
6267:
6263:
6261:
6260:
6256:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6243:
6241:
6237:
6231:
6230:
6226:
6224:
6223:
6219:
6217:
6216:
6212:
6210:
6209:
6205:
6203:
6202:
6198:
6196:
6195:
6191:
6189:
6188:
6184:
6182:
6181:
6177:
6175:
6174:
6170:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6130:
6128:
6124:
6120:
6113:
6109:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5959:Mini-Spingold
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5827:
5825:
5821:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5729:Rosenblum Cup
5727:
5725:
5724:McConnell Cup
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5696:
5694:
5690:
5684:
5681:
5680:
5678:
5674:
5670:
5666:Championships
5663:
5659:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5561:
5559:
5555:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5515:
5513:
5509:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5489:
5487:
5483:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5463:
5461:
5457:
5451:
5450:United States
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5302:
5300:
5296:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5265:
5261:
5254:
5250:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5225:Rusinow leads
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5215:Rule of 10-12
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5197:
5195:
5193:Defender play
5191:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5160:Trump squeeze
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5150:Strip squeeze
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5095:Guard squeeze
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5085:Entry squeeze
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5065:Clash squeeze
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5031:Scissors coup
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5021:Merrimac coup
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4976:Alcatraz coup
4974:
4972:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4946:
4945:
4943:
4941:Declarer play
4939:
4933:
4932:Vacant Places
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4892:Probabilities
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4818:
4814:
4807:
4803:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4783:
4779:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4659:
4657:
4653:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4601:Single suiter
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4481:Brown sticker
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4451:Balanced hand
4449:
4448:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4431:
4427:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4382:Rubber bridge
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4277:Bridge maxims
4275:
4273:
4272:Bridge-O-Rama
4270:
4268:
4267:Bridge ethics
4265:
4263:
4260:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4249:
4242:
4238:
4234:
4227:
4222:
4220:
4215:
4213:
4208:
4207:
4204:
4198:
4192:
4186:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4166:
4159:
4144:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4129:
4124:
4120:
4115:
4111:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4092:Kantar, Eddie
4089:
4085:
4079:
4075:
4071:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4052:0-943855-44-6
4048:
4044:
4040:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4022:
4018:
4017:Horn Lake, MS
4011:
4007:
4003:
3996:
3992:
3991:Horn Lake, MS
3985:
3981:
3977:
3976:
3954:
3950:
3944:
3929:
3925:
3919:
3904:
3903:swangames.com
3900:
3894:
3879:
3875:
3869:
3854:
3850:
3844:
3829:
3825:
3819:
3811:
3804:
3789:
3785:
3779:
3764:
3760:
3754:
3746:
3742:
3736:
3730:, p. 597
3729:
3724:
3722:
3720:
3703:
3699:
3693:
3691:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3656:
3648:
3641:
3633:
3626:
3618:
3612:
3608:
3607:
3599:
3592:
3587:
3579:
3575:
3569:
3558:
3551:
3544:
3533:
3526:
3520:
3514:
3509:
3501:
3497:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3468:
3462:
3457:
3438:
3431:
3425:
3417:
3411:
3407:
3406:
3398:
3391:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3372:
3367:
3365:
3357:
3352:
3345:
3340:
3333:
3328:
3321:
3316:
3309:
3304:
3297:
3292:
3285:
3280:
3273:
3268:
3261:
3256:
3249:
3244:
3237:
3232:
3225:
3220:
3213:
3208:
3201:
3196:
3189:
3184:
3177:
3172:
3165:
3160:
3158:
3150:
3145:
3138:
3133:
3131:
3123:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3100:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3083:
3078:
3076:
3068:
3063:
3056:
3051:
3044:
3039:
3032:
3027:
3020:
3015:
3013:
3011:
3003:
2998:
2996:
2988:
2983:
2975:
2974:
2969:
2962:
2947:
2941:
2932:
2926:Melrose 1901.
2923:
2914:
2899:
2892:
2884:
2880:
2873:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2847:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2825:
2819:
2815:
2810:
2809:
2803:
2802:Kantar, Eddie
2797:
2782:. 22 May 2009
2781:
2777:
2771:
2756:
2752:
2745:
2730:
2726:
2720:
2705:
2701:
2695:
2687:
2685:0-340-32438-4
2681:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2663:
2646:
2629:
2620:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2595:
2585:
2581:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2457:
2455:
2451:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2398:
2396:
2385:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2368:
2358:
2335:
2311:
2309:
2303:
2301:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2251:
2238:
2237:
2224:
2223:drawing trump
2216:
2215:
2210:
2202:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2162:South is the
2160:
2150:
2146:
2141:
2131:
2115:
2111:
2103:
2102:
2085:
2077:
2076:
2071:
2067:
2059:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2035:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2018:
2012:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1935:
1932:
1924:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1790:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1768:Terence Reese
1764:
1754:
1750:
1725:
1723:
1708:
1705:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1691:
1686:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1651:
1632:
1612:
1585:over 1NT or 3
1576:
1575:
1570:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1524:
1512:
1509:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1431:
1429:
1425:
1416:
1412:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1381:
1380:5-card majors
1377:
1372:
1339:
1336:
1305:
1301:
1299:
1295:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1241:
1235:
1227:
1223:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1186:
1184:
1183:bridge maxims
1180:
1175:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1147:
1145:
1140:
1138:
1137:bidding boxes
1130:
1125:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1104:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1085:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1064:
1062:
1059:In 2001, the
1052:
1049:
1047:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1024:
1018:
1015:
1009:
999:
997:
970:
969:
953:
952:
930:
929:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
910:
909:
901:
893:
890:
887:
874:
869:
865:
861:
857:
855:
850:
848:
844:
838:
828:
826:
821:
812:
808:
806:
801:
796:
774:
759:
757:
754:
751:
750:
746:
740:
737:
731:
730:
726:
723:
720:
714:
713:
706:
700:
694:
688:
687:
680:
674:
672:
670:
669:
665:
656:
653:
650:
647:
646:
642:
634:
632:
627:
619:
614:
610:
608:
604:
603:bidding boxes
599:
588:
579:
577:
573:
569:
565:
559:
557:
553:
549:
545:
536:
534:
530:
526:
521:
518:
514:
510:
505:
481:
477:
474:
470:
466:
465:rubber bridge
462:
447:
445:
441:
436:
433:
428:
423:
412:
404:
399:
395:
393:
389:
388:Lord Brougham
385:
381:
377:
365:
361:
356:
354:
353:Galata Bridge
350:
340:
339:
334:
330:
326:
322:
321:
314:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
287:
282:
272:
270:
266:
265:Rubber bridge
262:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
219:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
190:
186:
182:
174:
170:
166:
162:
159:Related games
157:
153:
149:
131:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
105:
102:
98:
94:
90:
87:
83:
79:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
41:
36:
30:
19:
7672:}}
7666:{{
7663:}}
7657:{{
7654:}}
7648:{{
7617:Schieberjass
7556:Calabresella
7256:Bauernfangen
7242:German packs
7198:Haferltarock
7172:Bauerntarock
7161:German packs
7141:Twenty-eight
7096:Siebenschräm
6899:French packs
6859:Six-bid solo
6772:French packs
6746:Two-ten-jack
6736:Turkish King
6536:German whist
6531:French whist
6478:
6369:French packs
6283:TV and Radio
6271:
6264:
6257:
6250:
6227:
6220:
6213:
6206:
6199:
6192:
6185:
6178:
6171:
6164:
6142:
5899:Goren Trophy
5854:
5699:Bermuda Bowl
5235:Smith signal
5210:Opening lead
5174:
5165:Vice squeeze
5140:Squeeze play
5045:
5011:Devil's coup
4966:
4947:
4912:Smother play
4882:Pin (bridge)
4847:Card reading
4762:Säffle Spade
4757:Romex system
4732:Little Major
4641:Weak two bid
4636:Void (cards)
4621:Three suiter
4506:Forcing pass
4367:Masterpoints
4316:
4292:Bridge whist
4232:
4126:
4123:Rigal, Barry
4119:Horton, Mark
4095:
4069:
4036:
3972:Bibliography
3957:. Retrieved
3953:the original
3943:
3931:. Retrieved
3927:
3918:
3906:. Retrieved
3902:
3893:
3881:. Retrieved
3878:Shark Bridge
3877:
3868:
3856:. Retrieved
3852:
3843:
3831:. Retrieved
3827:
3818:
3809:
3803:
3791:. Retrieved
3787:
3778:
3766:. Retrieved
3763:okbridge.com
3762:
3753:
3744:
3735:
3706:. Retrieved
3701:
3679:13 September
3677:. Retrieved
3665:
3655:
3646:
3640:
3631:
3625:
3605:
3598:
3586:
3577:
3568:
3543:
3519:
3508:
3499:
3485:. Retrieved
3481:the original
3477:ACBL website
3476:
3467:
3456:
3444:. Retrieved
3424:
3404:
3397:
3351:
3339:
3327:
3315:
3303:
3291:
3279:
3267:
3255:
3243:
3231:
3219:
3207:
3195:
3183:
3171:
3144:
3062:
3050:
3038:
3026:
2982:
2971:
2961:
2949:. Retrieved
2940:
2935:Foster 1889.
2931:
2922:
2913:
2901:. Retrieved
2891:
2882:
2872:
2852:
2807:
2796:
2784:. Retrieved
2779:
2770:
2758:. Retrieved
2754:
2744:
2732:. Retrieved
2728:
2719:
2707:. Retrieved
2703:
2694:
2675:
2666:
2645:
2628:
2619:
2594:
2584:
2447:
2404:
2391:
2370:
2336:
2312:
2304:
2299:
2297:
2292:
2286:
2282:
2276:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2249:
2234:
2222:
2212:
2208:
2200:
2198:
2191:
2184:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2168:opening lead
2167:
2163:
2161:
2148:
2144:
2142:
2129:
2113:
2109:
2099:
2083:
2073:
2057:
2055:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1859:
1796:
1787:
1766:
1751:
1726:
1718:
1693:
1689:
1668:opening lead
1661:
1653:
1630:
1610:
1572:
1533:
1529:
1522:
1507:
1489:
1480:
1466:
1460:
1455:
1432:
1408:
1394:
1392:
1373:
1340:
1306:
1302:
1288:
1281:distribution
1280:
1273:
1269:
1256:
1254:
1242:
1236:, a bid of 5
1226:conventional
1225:
1221:
1219:
1194:
1192:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1141:
1134:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1086:
1080:
1070:
1058:
1050:
1045:
1043:
1033:
1027:
1022:
1019:
1011:
995:
993:
895:Undertricks
888:
872:
870:
866:
862:
858:
851:
840:
822:
818:
809:
797:
772:
769:
663:
628:
624:
595:
575:
567:
560:
537:
532:
522:
516:
506:
502:
458:
437:
424:
408:
384:bridge whist
363:
357:
336:
332:
328:
318:
315:
310:
292:
263:
234:
230:
220:
189:trick-taking
184:
183:, or simply
180:
179:
126:Playing time
61:Trick-taking
29:
7627:Kaiserspiel
7581:Truc y Flou
7508:Zehnerlegen
7390:Matzlfangen
7334:German Solo
6921:Bassadewitz
6854:Scharwenzel
6692:Skærvindsel
6681:Sixty-three
6661:Ristikontra
6609:Ninety-nine
6526:Forty-fives
6511:Court piece
6454:Black Maria
5830:Buffett Cup
5528:Crockford's
5497:Dallas Aces
5459:Other lists
5440:Switzerland
5410:New Zealand
5345:Netherlands
5041:Vienna coup
4962:Safety play
4781:Conventions
4742:Polish Club
4707:Carrot Club
4687:Boring Club
4611:Strong pass
4576:Psychic bid
4501:Forcing bid
4461:Bidding box
3883:15 November
3500:BridgeHands
3344:Gibson 1974
3296:Gibson 1974
3260:Gibson 1974
3149:Gibson 1974
3099:Gibson 1974
3031:Gibson 1974
2725:"Furniture"
2401:Online play
1809:Matchpoints
1690:discourages
1562:opening bid
1543:Cappelletti
1435:Milton Work
1215:Polish Club
1199:conventions
1129:bidding box
1081:duplicating
1067:Tournaments
903:Vulnerable
349:Crimean War
204:tournaments
86:probability
7693:Categories
7478:Trischettn
7359:Kein Stich
7300:Doppelkopf
7215:Mulatschak
7146:Zwanzig ab
7091:Sheepshead
7076:Préférence
6864:Svängknack
6844:Marjapussi
6834:Hindersche
6708:Spoil Five
6551:Hucklebuck
6449:Black lady
6253:Magazines:
5944:Marcus Cup
5744:Venice Cup
5548:Savoy Club
5220:Rule of 11
5036:Trump coup
4752:Roman Club
4646:Zar Points
4626:Two suiter
4606:Stolen bid
4546:Minor suit
4541:Major suit
4372:Minibridge
3788:RealBridge
3708:4 November
2571:References
2522:Spoil Five
2507:Rex Bridge
2433:RealBridge
2420:GOTO Games
1954:8 3
1936:A 6
1893:9 6
1887:A 2
1848:Q 3
1822:J 3
1811:South in 4
1694:encourages
1633:(bids of 4
1613:(bids of 2
1577:(bids of 2
1451:Zar Points
1327: 763
1298:minor suit
1294:major suit
1089:mind sport
926:Redoubled
920:Undoubled
917:Redoubled
911:Undoubled
854:odd tricks
843:vulnerable
620:with cards
572:overtricks
380:solo whist
208:card games
7571:Tressette
7541:Botifarra
7483:Wallachen
7467:Sixty-six
7451:Schnapsen
7446:Schafkopf
7420:Ramscheln
7410:Quodlibet
7395:Mauscheln
7344:Grasobern
7226:Schnalzen
7220:Perlaggen
7086:Schwimmen
7071:Preferans
7016:Klaverjas
6996:Herzblatt
6991:Fünf dazu
6946:Bierlachs
6926:Bauerchen
6713:Stýrivolt
6594:Lanterloo
6556:Kachufool
6438:Bid whist
6417:All fours
6239:Magazines
6019:Reisinger
5502:Four Aces
5492:Blue Team
5305:Australia
5048:Squeezes:
4981:Bath coup
4837:Beer card
4810:Card play
4682:Blue Club
4297:Bridgette
3674:0362-4331
2755:USA Today
2734:31 August
2709:31 August
2658:Citations
2502:Quadrille
2487:Lanterloo
2472:Bridgette
2416:Funbridge
2361:Computers
2288:crossruff
2149:competing
2130:doubleton
2075:overcalls
1930: K
1807:Example 1
1545:, where 2
1498:Whether 1
1462:Blackwood
1255:The term
1002:Duplicate
564:defenders
409:In 1904,
309:, in his
255:defenders
192:card game
121:Clockwise
27:Card game
7645:Category
7551:Briscola
7473:Sticheln
7295:Bolachen
7268:Bierkopf
7246:32 cards
7188:Brusbart
7164:36 cards
7066:Polignac
7051:Oma Skat
7041:Mistigri
7036:Marjolet
7011:Klammern
6951:Brandeln
6903:32 cards
6884:Viersche
6874:Tarabish
6849:Rutersju
6776:36 cards
6676:Sheng ji
6666:Rödskägg
6645:Polskpas
6629:Pinochle
6604:Napoleon
6588:Knüffeln
6583:Köpknack
6541:Gong Zhu
6516:Cucumber
6373:52 cards
6049:Spingold
5420:Pakistan
5325:Bulgaria
4927:Uppercut
4907:Shooting
4717:Fantunes
4556:Overcall
4511:Game try
4245:Overview
4094:(2012).
4061:49606900
4021:Archived
4008:(2016).
3995:Archived
3982:(2014).
3908:29 March
3768:29 March
3578:BBC News
3557:Archived
3532:Archived
3437:Archived
2879:"Bridge"
2861:Archived
2804:(2006).
2786:29 March
2760:29 March
2674:(1980).
2539:See also
2429:reviews.
2300:discards
2164:declarer
2110:inviting
2101:game try
2084:supports
1678:Discards
1491:cue bids
1317: 7
1150:Strategy
1073:randomly
1023:movement
805:redouble
773:no trump
568:no trump
533:no trump
529:contract
455:Overview
450:Gameplay
303:Rabelais
243:contract
237:) in an
194:using a
7613:Chratze
7531:Aluette
7522:Spanish
7518:Italian
7462:Sedmice
7364:Lampeln
7349:Herzeln
7280:Blattla
7274:Binokel
7209:Kratzen
7151:Zwicken
7116:Solo 66
7056:Pilotta
7031:Manille
7021:Letzter
6966:Coinche
6961:Chouine
6941:Bezique
6889:Voormsi
6879:Trekort
6761:Zwikken
6725:Tarneeb
6619:Oh hell
6599:Mizerka
6521:Femkort
6494:Clabber
5676:General
5385:Ireland
5375:Hungary
5370:Germany
5360:Fiction
5355:England
5340:Denmark
5320:Britain
5310:Austria
5267:General
4957:Finesse
4872:Hold up
4857:Endplay
4820:General
4737:Moscito
4655:Systems
4561:Preempt
4491:Cue bid
4444:General
4434:Bidding
4412:Vugraph
4342:Goulash
4307:Chicago
4255:General
3487:29 June
3446:29 July
2951:31 July
2903:29 July
2266:cashing
2193:finesse
2185:If the
1959:♣
1951:♦
1943:♥
1933:♠
1918:♣
1912:♣
1904:♦
1898:♦
1890:♥
1884:♥
1876:♠
1853:♠
1845:♣
1837:♦
1829:♥
1819:♠
1793:Example
1685:Signals
1681:played.
1655:forcing
1482:Stayman
1422:called
1395:penalty
1362:⁄
1258:preempt
1246:Stayman
1222:natural
1155:Bidding
881:⁄
873:overall
831:Scoring
637:Auction
631:"board"
607:screens
576:doubled
525:auction
418:and a 7
364:biritch
338:biritch
333:Biritch
239:auction
212:seniors
187:, is a
141:⁄
78:tactics
66:Players
7566:Julepe
7546:Brisca
7536:Bestia
7488:Watten
7435:Rumpel
7425:Ramsen
7415:Ramsch
7400:Mucken
7385:Mariáš
7374:Lupfen
7354:Herzla
7339:Gilten
7325:(2x24)
7323:Gaigel
7318:Elfern
7302:(2x24)
7276:(2x24)
7203:Jaggln
7182:Bieten
7136:Tuppen
7131:Toepen
7126:Tippen
7061:Piquet
7001:Kaiser
6986:Fipsen
6981:Euchre
6971:Écarté
6936:Belote
6916:Baloot
6730:Thunee
6703:Spades
6671:Shelem
6651:Priffe
6631:(2x24)
6546:Hearts
6505:Chlust
6479:Bridge
6474:Bourré
6469:Boston
6464:Bonken
6167:Books:
5445:Taiwan
5435:Sweden
5430:Russia
5425:Poland
5415:Norway
5405:Monaco
5400:Mexico
5390:Israel
5365:France
5330:Canada
5315:Brazil
5230:Signal
4969:Coups:
4950:Basic:
4897:Revoke
4387:Screen
4139:
4106:
4080:
4059:
4049:
3959:27 May
3933:27 May
3874:"Home"
3858:27 May
3833:27 May
3793:27 May
3672:
3613:
3412:
2820:
2682:
2676:Bridge
2589:table.
2517:Spades
2477:Euchre
2321:K and
2293:claims
2270:master
2262:covers
2250:enters
2078:with 1
1980:South
1926:Lead:
1629:) and
1055:Online
1040:Rubber
800:double
657:South
554:, and
513:spades
432:scores
405:, 1942
259:scored
249:, the
247:played
214:. The
185:bridge
151:Chance
104:French
82:memory
74:Skills
53:Bridge
7586:Truco
7524:packs
7457:Sedma
7369:Lorum
7306:Dreeg
7193:Dobbm
7101:Sjavs
6976:Enflé
6956:Bruus
6839:Knack
6809:Bruus
6794:Bräus
6784:Agram
6756:Whist
6719:Sueca
6698:Smear
6686:Sjavs
6635:Pitch
6624:Pedro
6489:Cinch
6459:Bluke
6443:Bisca
6432:Baśka
6427:Barbu
6389:3-5-8
6383:3-2-5
6126:Books
5692:World
5511:Clubs
5485:Teams
5395:Italy
5380:India
5350:Egypt
5335:China
4917:Tempo
4862:Entry
4842:Caddy
4407:Trump
4024:(PDF)
4013:(PDF)
3998:(PDF)
3987:(PDF)
3560:(PDF)
3553:(PDF)
3535:(PDF)
3528:(PDF)
3440:(PDF)
3433:(PDF)
2864:(PDF)
2849:(PDF)
2608:board
2576:Notes
2532:Whist
2497:Ombre
2283:entry
2278:ruffs
2180:dummy
2039:Pass
1974:North
1703:used.
1645:and 4
1637:and 4
1625:and 3
1605:and 3
1597:and 2
1589:and 3
1581:and 2
1517:and 1
1449:, or
1378:with
1093:chess
990:Rules
825:claim
747:Pass
727:Pass
651:North
605:, or
509:whist
473:trick
370:and 5
360:trump
344:Бирюч
299:whist
227:dealt
223:deals
173:whist
92:Cards
7609:Jass
7591:Tute
7576:Truc
7561:Gilé
7498:Ulti
7469:(24)
7453:(20)
7442:(24)
7376:(20)
7314:(20)
7308:(24)
7270:(20)
7264:(20)
7258:(20)
7228:(33)
7222:(33)
7211:(33)
7205:(33)
7184:(33)
7106:Skat
7081:Rams
6869:Tapp
6829:Frog
6824:Dapp
6814:Bura
6804:Brús
6799:Brus
6789:Bête
6763:(20)
6751:Vira
6732:(24)
6721:(40)
6715:(48)
6694:(28)
6647:(24)
6640:Phat
6590:(48)
6579:(16)
6573:(24)
6561:King
6507:(20)
6500:Clag
6496:(24)
6445:(40)
6434:(16)
6413:(24)
6411:1001
6407:(24)
6405:1000
6401:(43)
6385:(30)
6360:list
4991:Coup
4902:Ruff
4852:Duck
4712:EHAA
4672:Acol
4397:Suit
4137:ISBN
4104:ISBN
4078:ISBN
4057:OCLC
4047:ISBN
3961:2022
3935:2022
3910:2016
3885:2021
3860:2021
3835:2021
3795:2021
3770:2016
3710:2019
3681:2021
3670:ISSN
3611:ISBN
3489:2017
3448:2018
3410:ISBN
2953:2022
2905:2018
2818:ISBN
2788:2016
2762:2016
2736:2019
2711:2019
2680:ISBN
2604:deal
2600:hand
2527:Vint
2512:Skat
2482:King
2377:ACBL
2214:duck
2209:lead
2174:(or
2145:game
2116:of 4
2114:game
2104:of 3
2058:open
2044:Pass
2036:Pass
2027:Pass
1990:Pass
1987:Pass
1977:East
1971:West
1601:or 3
1564:of 2
1558:weak
1428:Acol
1386:or 1
1289:open
1213:and
1205:and
1203:Acol
1163:and
996:laws
983:600
980:300
977:600
974:300
966:400
963:200
960:600
957:300
949:200
946:100
940:400
937:200
934:100
847:game
815:Play
755:Pass
752:Pass
738:Pass
721:Pass
654:East
648:West
552:Acol
444:ACBL
376:slam
233:(or
231:call
118:Play
100:Deck
58:Type
7520:or
6911:304
6656:Put
6577:Kop
6399:500
6394:400
2492:Nap
2467:500
2454:WBF
2395:IMP
2201:low
2157:N-S
2140:.)
2092:6–8
1781:do)
1724:).
1609:),
1224:or
1061:WBF
1014:WBF
943:50
724:4NT
517:bid
390:at
235:bid
130:WBF
7695::
7619:,
7615:,
4135:.
4102:.
4072:.
4055:.
4045:.
4019:.
4015:.
3993:.
3989:.
3926:.
3901:.
3876:.
3851:.
3826:.
3786:.
3761:.
3743:.
3718:^
3700:.
3689:^
3668:.
3664:.
3576:.
3498:.
3475:.
3378:^
3363:^
3156:^
3129:^
3106:^
3089:^
3074:^
3009:^
2994:^
2970:.
2881:.
2851:.
2832:^
2816:.
2814:11
2778:.
2753:.
2727:.
2702:.
2384:.
2196:.
2108:,
1739:–2
1735:–2
1538:).
1453:.
1445:,
1441:,
1217:.
1193:A
1185:.
1127:A
791:,
787:,
783:,
609:.
550:,
394:.
171:,
167:,
95:52
84:,
7623:)
7611:(
6362:)
6358:(
6348:e
6341:t
6334:v
4225:e
4218:t
4211:v
4145:.
4112:.
4086:.
4063:.
3963:.
3937:.
3912:.
3887:.
3862:.
3837:.
3797:.
3772:.
3747:.
3712:.
3683:.
3619:.
3502:.
3491:.
3450:.
3418:.
2976:.
2955:.
2885:.
2826:.
2790:.
2764:.
2738:.
2713:.
2688:.
2638:♥
2634:♥
2355:♣
2351:♣
2347:♣
2343:♣
2339:♣
2331:♥
2327:♥
2323:♥
2319:♣
2315:♣
2273:♣
2258:♣
2254:♦
2245:♦
2241:♦
2231:♠
2227:♥
2219:♠
2205:♠
2187:♣
2153:♥
2138:♥
2134:♥
2126:♥
2122:♥
2118:♥
2106:♣
2096:♠
2088:♥
2080:♠
2062:♥
2032:♥
2030:4
2021:♣
2019:3
2015:♠
2013:2
2009:♥
2007:2
2003:♠
2001:1
1995:♥
1993:1
1928:♠
1871:S
1861:N
1813:♥
1746:♦
1744:2
1741:♥
1737:♦
1733:♣
1729:♥
1649:)
1647:♠
1643:♥
1639:♥
1635:♦
1627:♦
1623:♣
1619:♣
1615:♠
1607:♠
1603:♥
1599:♠
1595:♥
1591:♥
1587:♦
1583:♥
1579:♦
1566:♣
1551:♦
1547:♣
1525:)
1519:♠
1515:♥
1504:♦
1500:♣
1471:)
1419:♣
1388:♦
1384:♣
1369:♦
1364:2
1360:1
1357:+
1355:2
1351:♣
1347:♦
1343:♣
1331:♠
1325:♣
1321:♦
1315:♥
1311:♠
1238:♦
1230:♦
883:2
879:1
793:♠
789:♥
785:♦
781:♣
777:♣
743:♠
741:6
734:♦
732:5
717:♠
715:4
709:♣
707:3
703:♠
701:2
697:♣
695:2
691:♠
689:1
683:♥
681:1
677:♦
675:1
540:♠
497:♥
493:♦
489:♠
485:♠
420:♠
416:♠
372:♦
368:♥
143:2
139:1
136:+
134:7
69:4
20:)
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