301:
1133:
317:
309:
293:
1115:
1139:
1127:
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36:
250:
was identified as the site for a new hall. A competition inviting architects to present designs for the new concert hall was launched and a proposal by Renton Howard Wood Levin (RHWL) architects was chosen. The development included the construction of a basin on a specially built short arm of the
417:
which is white streaked with bluish-grey. The stone weighs 18 tonnes and was installed in August 1996. Its £200,000 cost was financed by the Arts
Council, Lottery Fund, Manchester Airport and Manchester City Council. To prevent vandalism, the stone is coated with an anti-graffiti solution.
992:
405:, which dominates the auditorium, covering the rear wall with wood and burnished metal. At the time of construction, the organ was the largest instrument to be installed in the UK for a century.
235:
and outdated audience facilities. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, several schemes to replace it were considered but the project became more likely in 1988 after the creation of the
441:. From September 2002, it has been home to the Hallé Youth Orchestra and Youth Choir, founded for musicians under the age of nineteen who are not in full-time musical education.
621:
985:
266:. The concert hall was one of a number of structures built in the 1990s that symbolised the transition to a new and modern Manchester following de-industrialisation and the
1579:
514:
370:, moulded and cast like a vast sculpture. The auditorium has a double-skinned roof with a stainless steel outer shell. The lower part of the hall is built of deep red
978:
2717:
1011:
2697:
2286:
2275:
2106:
584:
2712:
2692:
2061:
843:
2209:
2687:
188:, England. It cost around £42 million to build in the 1990s, and hosts over 250 performances a year. It is home to the 165-year-old
2593:
553:
236:
2766:
2352:
484:
273:
The
Bridgewater was well received and won a number of awards. In November 1996, only months after opening, the concert hall won the
231:
orchestra was repaired and renovated in the 1950s. Despite being a popular venue, the Free Trade Hall, built in the 1850s, had poor
2265:
2255:
818:
739:
627:
522:
200:
444:
As well as concerts, the
Bridgewater Hall hosts conferences and events for external parties such as annual presentation evenings.
242:
In the 1990s, land east of Lower Mosley Street and north of Great
Bridgewater Street adjacent to the G-Mex exhibition centre (now
73:
2761:
2702:
1999:
2347:
2682:
2397:
2337:
2301:
1784:
252:
243:
2199:
1964:
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2571:
2342:
1834:
764:
199:
The building sits on a bed of 280 springs intended to insulate it from external sound. The hall is named after the
2659:
2327:
1719:
1699:
445:
329:
2751:
2194:
657:
870:
207:
that crosses
Manchester, although the hall and waterside frontage is situated on a specially constructed arm of the
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1894:
1794:
263:
701:
1341:
1201:
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893:
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line. The hall's 26,500 tonne superstructure rests on 280 GERB isolation bearings consisting of rows of steel
2081:
1924:
1904:
1079:
433:
Since its opening on 11 September 1996, it has been the home of the Hallé Orchestra, the Hallé Choir and the
258:
The
Bridgewater Hall held its first concert on 11 September 1996 and was officially opened on 4 December by
2722:
2296:
2270:
2048:
375:
66:
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2189:
2136:
2131:
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1969:
1864:
1859:
1854:
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as well as to the Hallé Choir and Hallé Youth
Orchestra and it serves as the main concert venue for the
2677:
2530:
2494:
2473:
2434:
1889:
1669:
592:
2634:
2624:
2545:
2540:
2513:
2332:
2224:
1984:
1934:
1844:
1839:
1814:
1729:
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1025:
413:
On the plaza outside is the "Ishinki
Touchstone", a sculpture by Kan Yasuda made of polished Italian
108:
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308:
300:
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2424:
2419:
2280:
2235:
2096:
1869:
1819:
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849:
363:
between concrete piers. The
Bridgewater Hall is the first concert hall built with this technology.
970:
2509:
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1994:
1744:
1629:
1589:
1515:
1103:
325:
267:
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2029:
1954:
1914:
1879:
1874:
1824:
1809:
1774:
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1565:
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1239:
1097:
344:
were the building engineers. The
Bridgewater Hall can seat 2,341 people over four tiers in the
185:
2654:
2478:
2464:
2357:
2111:
2019:
1989:
1919:
1037:
461:
434:
545:
284:
Special Award, which is given to a building which enhanced the appearance of a city centre.
2566:
2517:
2373:
2240:
2146:
2066:
1974:
1789:
1674:
1644:
1624:
1227:
1183:
356:
352:
492:
448:
has held its graduation ceremony in the hall in July each year since the early 2000s. The
8:
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1899:
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438:
367:
292:
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281:
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1829:
1704:
1679:
1609:
1539:
1461:
1114:
676:
653:
204:
2454:
2392:
2219:
2086:
2034:
1944:
1929:
1909:
1884:
1779:
1754:
1634:
1599:
1584:
1233:
1219:
1165:
1067:
1055:
1031:
1019:
337:
224:
193:
125:
2535:
2504:
2409:
2166:
2151:
1734:
1724:
1714:
1709:
1614:
1317:
1299:
1153:
449:
422:
360:
340:. The acoustics were designed by Rob Harris of Arup Acoustics; his colleagues at
328:
and the Central Manchester Development Corporation who obtained funding from the
220:
1749:
2229:
2161:
2116:
2056:
2014:
1979:
1959:
1769:
1764:
1604:
1281:
1207:
414:
398:
379:
247:
208:
1126:
790:
2745:
2576:
2524:
1939:
1664:
1654:
1545:
1473:
1269:
1138:
1091:
1085:
88:
75:
1120:
899:
2076:
2009:
1684:
1649:
1574:
118:
35:
228:
2414:
1759:
1659:
2439:
2403:
2156:
1949:
1323:
1159:
1002:
709:
394:
351:
The main auditorium sits on a foundation of earthquake-proof isolation
345:
58:
1073:
962:
382:
378:, the upper walls are clad in aluminium and glass. The interior uses
371:
355:
that insulate it from noise and vibration from the adjacent road and
320:
Vibration dampers / isolation bearings underneath the main auditorium
232:
162:
652:. Pevsner Architectural Guides. London: Penguin. pp. 145, 147.
1619:
1000:
246:) which was occupied by a former bus station and car park near the
437:, and is a regular venue for concerts by the BBC Philharmonic and
1799:
795:
452:
also holds one of its Graduate Ceremonies at the hall each year.
181:
1061:
2004:
898:, Public Monument and Sculpture Association, archived from
333:
274:
393:
Inside the hall, the focal point is a £1.2 million
324:
Construction of the hall was a joint venture between
848:, Manchester Metropolitan University, archived from
585:"The Bridgewater Hall – History and Architecture"
348:: the stalls, choir circle, circle, and gallery.
2743:
312:Main auditorium interior, showing the pipe organ
647:
421:Beside the main entrance is a sculpture of Sir
255:, providing a waterfront setting for the hall.
2062:1830 warehouse, Liverpool Road railway station
219:Proposals to replace the concert venue in the
986:
296:Bridgewater Hall overlooks the Rochdale Canal
366:The structure is mostly formed from solid,
993:
979:
537:
237:Central Manchester Development Corporation
799:. Bridgewater for All. 23 September 2013
315:
307:
299:
291:
946:
626:, Manchester University, archived from
579:
577:
575:
573:
571:
2744:
949:The Good Builder: The John Laing Story
671:
669:
223:were made after it was damaged in the
1498:Affinity Living Circle Square Tower 3
1384:Affinity Living Circle Square Tower 2
974:
819:"Bridgewater Hall: 10 Years – Page 5"
811:
740:"Bridgewater Hall: 10 Years – Page 2"
543:
479:
477:
253:Manchester and Salford Junction Canal
244:Manchester Central Convention Complex
616:
614:
612:
610:
568:
515:"Bridgewater Hall: 10 Years, Page 1"
408:
694:
666:
16:Concert hall in Manchester, England
13:
2732:denote building under construction
702:"RHWL architects Bridgewater Hall"
474:
446:Manchester Metropolitan University
330:European Regional Development Fund
227:, but the hall, which was home to
14:
2778:
956:
607:
556:from the original on 26 June 2019
2767:Recipients of Civic Trust Awards
1342:Manchester Business School Hotel
1184:Manchester Town Hall Clock Tower
1137:
1131:
1125:
1119:
1113:
765:"The quietest room in the world"
280:award. In 1998 the hall won the
34:
2536:Manchester City Academy Stadium
2440:Parrs Wood Entertainment Centre
1795:John Rylands University Library
913:
886:
863:
836:
783:
757:
732:
544:Welch, Adrian (17 April 2010).
251:Rochdale Canal and part of the
203:who commissioned the eponymous
2762:Music venues completed in 1996
2185:British Muslim Heritage Centre
723:
641:
507:
1:
1414:Hotel and MSCP, Circle Square
1294:The Slate Yard Flint Building
1080:Affinity Living Circle Square
1012:Skyscrapers (over 100 metres)
546:"Bridgewater Hall Manchester"
467:
130:2,355 (+16 wheelchair spaces)
2137:McConnel & Kennedy Mills
1850:Minshull Street Crown Courts
1402:Landmark, St. Peter's Square
1068:Deansgate Square North Tower
1020:Deansgate Square South Tower
1001:Buildings and structures in
963:Bridgewater Hall, Manchester
791:"The Bridgewater Hall Organ"
397:, with 5,500 pipes and four
287:
7:
2597:(Emmeline Pankhurst statue)
2246:Manchester Reform Synagogue
1860:National Graphene Institute
1855:Science and Industry Museum
1147:High-rises (over 50 metres)
1056:Deansgate Square West Tower
1032:Deansgate Square East Tower
455:
10:
2783:
2757:Music venues in Manchester
2531:City of Manchester Stadium
1785:Institute of Biotechnology
1480:Vita Circle Square Tower 1
1111:
940:
214:
2673:
2635:Corporation Street Bridge
2617:
2559:
2546:National Speedway Stadium
2541:Manchester Regional Arena
2487:
2366:
2315:
2302:Upper Brook Street Chapel
2225:Holy Trinity Platt Church
2175:
2043:
1935:Sackville Street Building
1561:
1146:
1010:
677:"Arup – Bridgewater Hall"
374:from Corsehill Quarry in
201:Third Duke of Bridgewater
160:
155:
147:
139:
134:
124:
114:
104:
65:
54:
42:
33:
26:
2752:Concert halls in England
2560:Memorials and sculptures
2425:Great Northern Warehouse
1820:London Road Fire Station
1444:Ramada Renaissance Hotel
1312:Cambridge Street Block B
1264:The Principal Manchester
1190:Cambridge Street Block A
925:, Manchester Art Gallery
875:, Manchester Art Gallery
648:Hartwell, Clare (2001).
428:
425:by Byron Howard (2000).
388:
2510:National Cycling Centre
2178:(Grade I or II* listed)
1890:People's History Museum
1590:38 and 42 Mosley Street
1510:The Stile, Angel Meadow
1438:Cornbrook Works Tower 1
947:Ritchie, Berry (1997).
326:Manchester City Council
2608:Victory Over Blindness
2551:National Squash Centre
2474:Royal Exchange Theatre
2353:Piccadilly bus station
2256:St Chrysostom's Church
2030:Wythenshawe Bus Garage
1955:Smithfield Market Hall
1880:One Piccadilly Gardens
1825:Manchester Art Gallery
1720:Former Bank of England
1456:Royal Exchange Theatre
1426:Minshull Street Courts
1246:The Gate, Angel Meadow
485:"The Bridgewater Hall"
336:and the builders were
332:. The architects were
321:
313:
305:
297:
186:Manchester city centre
2655:Store Street Aqueduct
2645:Irwell Railway bridge
2358:Shudehill Interchange
2112:Dale Street Warehouse
2020:Whitworth Art Gallery
1965:Saint Mary's Hospital
1396:Two St Peter's Square
1390:One St Peter's Square
1360:3 Leftbank Apartments
1354:2 Leftbank Apartments
462:List of concert halls
435:Manchester Boys Choir
319:
311:
303:
295:
2567:Alan Turing Memorial
2287:Church of St Michael
2241:Manchester Cathedral
1835:Mechanics' Institute
1790:John Rylands Library
1625:Alan Turing Building
1568:or Grade II* listed)
1552:Parkway Gate Block 2
1504:No. 1 Marsden Street
1450:Parkway Gate Block 1
1348:St James's Buildings
1228:Great Northern Tower
1202:Civil Justice Centre
951:. James & James.
595:on 25 September 2011
178:The Bridgewater Hall
89:53.47528°N 2.24583°W
22:The Bridgewater Hall
2348:Oxford Road station
2232:(Church of St Mary)
2205:Cross Street Chapel
2127:Jackson's Warehouse
1735:Old Granada Studios
1276:Albert Bridge House
1240:3 St Peter's Square
1104:Bridgewater Heights
439:Manchester Camerata
403:Marcussen & Son
368:reinforced concrete
85: /
46:Lower Mosley Street
23:
2630:Blackfriars Bridge
2583:The Glade of Light
2479:Victoria Warehouse
2460:Manchester Academy
2338:Piccadilly station
2323:Manchester Airport
2261:Church of St Cross
2210:Holy Name of Jesus
2195:Castlefield Chapel
2102:Chorlton New Mills
2025:Whitworth Building
1925:Royal Eye Hospital
1875:Old Wellington Inn
1805:Lawrence Buildings
1740:The Green Building
1595:46–48 Brown Street
1366:3 Piccadilly Place
1258:Victoria Residence
1172:River Street Tower
895:Ishinki-Touchstone
872:Ishinki Touchstone
495:on 1 February 2013
322:
314:
306:
298:
260:Queen Elizabeth II
94:53.47528; -2.24583
21:
2739:
2738:
2640:Hulme Arch Bridge
2602:Peacock Mausoleum
2500:Belle Vue Stadium
2333:Deansgate station
2215:Edgar Wood Centre
2190:Brookfield Church
2082:Bridgewater House
1905:Playhouse Theatre
1865:Nicholls Building
1830:Manchester Museum
1705:Dalton-Ellis Hall
1675:Chetham's Library
1610:84 Plymouth Grove
1562:Notable low-rises
1540:New Century House
1462:1 New York Street
409:Barbirolli Square
264:Duke of Edinburgh
205:Bridgewater Canal
175:
174:
165:.bridgewater-hall
151:11 September 1996
2774:
2733:
2698:Grade II* listed
2455:Manchester Arena
2393:Castlefield Bowl
2388:Bridgewater Hall
2343:Victoria station
2220:Gorton Monastery
2107:Churchgate House
2087:Brownsfield Mill
2035:Wythenshawe Hall
2000:Transport Museum
1945:Ship Canal House
1930:Rylands Building
1910:Redfern Building
1885:Pankhurst Centre
1780:Hulme Hippodrome
1755:Hanover Building
1635:Ancoats Hospital
1600:50 Newton Street
1585:25 St Ann Street
1468:St James's House
1336:One Castle Wharf
1324:Owens Park Tower
1234:One Angel Square
1220:3 Hardman Street
1166:1 Spinningfields
1141:
1135:
1129:
1123:
1117:
995:
988:
981:
972:
971:
952:
934:
933:
932:
930:
917:
911:
910:
909:
907:
890:
884:
883:
882:
880:
867:
861:
860:
859:
857:
852:on 12 March 2012
845:Bridgewater Hall
840:
834:
833:
831:
829:
815:
809:
808:
806:
804:
787:
781:
780:
778:
776:
771:. 27 August 2009
761:
755:
754:
752:
750:
736:
730:
727:
721:
720:
719:
717:
712:on 25 April 2011
708:, archived from
706:Bridgewater Hall
698:
692:
691:
689:
687:
673:
664:
663:
645:
639:
638:
637:
635:
623:Bridgewater Hall
618:
605:
604:
602:
600:
591:. Archived from
589:Bridgewater Hall
581:
566:
565:
563:
561:
541:
535:
534:
532:
530:
521:. Archived from
511:
505:
504:
502:
500:
491:. Archived from
481:
225:Second World War
194:BBC Philharmonic
171:
168:
166:
164:
100:
99:
97:
96:
95:
90:
86:
83:
82:
81:
78:
38:
24:
20:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2772:
2771:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2735:
2728:
2703:Grade II listed
2669:
2665:Victoria Bridge
2650:Palatine Bridge
2613:
2572:Albert Memorial
2555:
2505:Broadhurst Park
2495:Aquatics Centre
2483:
2468:
2410:Contact Theatre
2377:
2362:
2328:Airport station
2311:
2177:
2171:
2167:Watts Warehouse
2152:Piccadilly Mill
2132:Lancaster House
2039:
1900:Portico Library
1725:Free Trade Hall
1715:Estate Exchange
1710:Didsbury Campus
1670:Central Library
1640:Arkwright House
1615:100 King Street
1580:1–3 York Street
1563:
1557:
1408:2 Circle Square
1318:No. 1 Deansgate
1300:Skyline Central
1288:Islington Wharf
1252:The Light House
1214:1 Circle Square
1154:Artisan Heights
1142:
1136:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1109:
1050:Elizabeth Tower
1006:
999:
968:
959:
943:
938:
937:
928:
926:
922:John Barbirolli
919:
918:
914:
905:
903:
902:on 23 June 2007
892:
891:
887:
878:
876:
869:
868:
864:
855:
853:
842:
841:
837:
827:
825:
817:
816:
812:
802:
800:
789:
788:
784:
774:
772:
763:
762:
758:
748:
746:
738:
737:
733:
729:Ritchie, p. 180
728:
724:
715:
713:
700:
699:
695:
685:
683:
675:
674:
667:
660:
646:
642:
633:
631:
630:on 6 March 2009
620:
619:
608:
598:
596:
583:
582:
569:
559:
557:
542:
538:
528:
526:
525:on 22 July 2012
513:
512:
508:
498:
496:
483:
482:
475:
470:
458:
450:Open University
431:
423:John Barbirolli
411:
391:
290:
221:Free Trade Hall
217:
190:Hallé Orchestra
161:
93:
91:
87:
84:
79:
76:
74:
72:
71:
49:
47:
29:
28:The Bridgewater
17:
12:
11:
5:
2780:
2770:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2737:
2736:
2726:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2693:Grade I listed
2690:
2685:
2680:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2660:Trinity Bridge
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2604:
2599:
2595:Rise up, Women
2591:
2586:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2521:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2450:The Printworks
2447:
2442:
2437:
2435:Palace Theatre
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2383:Arndale Centre
2380:
2375:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2319:
2317:
2316:Transportation
2313:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2230:The Hidden Gem
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2181:
2179:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2164:
2162:Shudehill Mill
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2142:Murrays' Mills
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2117:Havelock Mills
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2092:Brunswick Mill
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2057:107 Piccadilly
2053:
2051:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2015:Victoria Baths
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1980:Sunlight House
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1960:St Anselm Hall
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
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2678:Architecture
2606:
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2581:
2523:
2402:
2387:
2097:Canada House
2077:Beehive Mill
2010:Uttley House
1970:St Michael's
1870:Odeon Cinema
1750:The Haçienda
1695:County Court
1685:Clayton Hall
1650:Baguley Hall
1575:1 The Avenue
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967:
948:
927:, retrieved
921:
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900:the original
894:
888:
877:, retrieved
871:
865:
854:, retrieved
850:the original
844:
838:
826:. Retrieved
822:
813:
801:. Retrieved
794:
785:
773:. Retrieved
768:
759:
747:. Retrieved
743:
734:
725:
714:, retrieved
710:the original
705:
696:
684:. Retrieved
680:
649:
643:
632:, retrieved
628:the original
622:
597:. Retrieved
593:the original
588:
558:. Retrieved
549:
539:
527:. Retrieved
523:the original
518:
509:
497:. Retrieved
493:the original
488:
443:
432:
420:
412:
392:
365:
350:
323:
272:
268:1996 bombing
257:
241:
218:
198:
177:
176:
135:Construction
119:Concert hall
18:
2445:Opera House
2420:The Factory
2415:Cornerhouse
2292:St Nicholas
2122:India House
2067:Albion Mill
1975:Strangeways
1915:Reform Club
1810:Law Library
1760:Heaton Hall
1745:Grove House
1660:Barlow Hall
1630:Albert Hall
1566:city centre
1528:Vox Tower 1
1432:UNITE Tower
1420:Lowry House
856:12 December
550:e-architect
401:, built by
282:Civic Trust
92: /
67:Coordinates
2746:Categories
2723:Warehouses
2404:Co-op Live
2307:St Wilfrid
2157:Royal Mill
2072:Asia House
2049:warehouses
1995:The Towers
1990:Toast Rack
1950:Slade Hall
1775:Hulme Hall
1196:One Regent
1160:Axis Tower
1098:City Tower
1003:Manchester
828:11 October
803:1 February
775:11 October
749:11 October
716:13 October
686:11 October
650:Manchester
634:13 October
599:11 October
529:11 October
499:11 October
489:SMG Europe
468:References
395:pipe organ
346:auditorium
338:John Laing
278:North West
109:SMG Europe
77:53°28′31″N
59:Manchester
48:Manchester
2713:Monuments
2518:Velodrome
2514:BMX Arena
2266:St George
2176:Religious
1920:Rose Hill
1645:Athenaeum
1074:CIS Tower
1038:The Blade
1005:, England
906:4 January
879:4 January
383:limestone
372:sandstone
357:Metrolink
288:Structure
233:acoustics
229:The Hallé
184:venue in
80:2°14′45″W
61:, England
2688:Churches
2589:Cenotaph
2297:St Peter
2271:St James
2251:St Ann's
2147:Old Mill
1620:Afflecks
1378:The Lume
929:28 April
769:BBC News
554:Archived
519:BBC News
456:See also
353:bearings
304:Interior
262:and the
126:Capacity
105:Operator
55:Location
2730:Italics
2718:Tallest
2683:Castles
2618:Bridges
2398:Central
2283:(Hulme)
2281:St Mary
2276:St John
1800:Kendals
1044:Three60
941:Sources
796:YouTube
560:26 June
399:manuals
361:springs
215:History
182:concert
156:Website
143:1993–96
43:Address
2378:Apollo
1106:(106m)
1100:(107m)
1094:(108m)
1088:(110m)
1082:(116m)
1076:(118m)
1070:(122m)
1064:(136m)
1062:Viadux
1058:(141m)
1052:(153m)
1046:(154m)
1040:(154m)
1034:(158m)
1028:(169m)
1022:(201m)
656:
148:Opened
50:M2 3WS
2708:Mills
2045:Mills
2005:Urbis
1680:Chips
1554:(50m)
1548:(50m)
1542:(50m)
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1186:(87m)
1180:(90m)
1174:(92m)
1168:(92m)
1162:(93m)
1156:(95m)
429:Usage
389:Organ
376:Annan
180:is a
140:Built
2469:Ritz
2430:HOME
2047:and
931:2012
908:2012
881:2012
858:2011
830:2011
805:2017
777:2011
751:2011
718:2011
688:2011
681:Arup
654:ISBN
636:2011
601:2011
562:2019
531:2011
501:2011
380:Jura
342:Arup
334:RHWL
275:RIBA
115:Type
823:BBC
744:BBC
196:.
169:.uk
167:.co
163:www
2748::
2516:,
821:.
793:.
767:.
742:.
704:,
679:.
668:^
609:^
587:.
570:^
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476:^
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239:.
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662:.
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564:.
533:.
503:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
