126:
A 2020 pilot study of East and
Southeast Asian people in the United Kingdom found that close to 95% of respondents identify or feel comfortable with the term British East and Southeast Asian (BESEA) or East and Southeast Asian (ESEA) to describe their identity. In a 2021 article exploring an East
157:
which called for more funds to support victims of COVID-19 racism and anti-racism programmes. Academic communities have also discussed this term including studies on COVID-related racism and discussion panels on the experiences of ESEA with discrimination and racism. In 2021, a #StopESEAHate
47:(i.e. does not include British born people of East or Southeast Asian origin) residing in the United Kingdom. This was split near evenly with 417,318 from the Southeast Asian region and 416,944 from the East Asian region.
118:
and the creation of a number of groups that have organised under the ESEA term. However, pan-ethnic mass mobilisation among East and
Southeast Asians in the UK has longer histories – such as Mulan Theatre,
883:
371:
2151:
601:
857:
780:
153:
referred to the term ESEA in parliamentary debates in 2020, while the UK Government condemned attacks on ESEA communities in its response to a petition on the
140:
1055:
931:
831:
145:
The term East and
Southeast Asian was used regularly by personalities, institutions and media reports in relation to discrimination and racism during the
1443:
805:
1469:
980:
2272:
110:
background. It has been adopted to replace the derogatory racialised term 'Oriental'. The term has gained currency following the outbreak of
2257:
44:
106:
The term East and
Southeast Asian has emerged in a UK context where the category 'Asian' is predominantly used to refer to those from a
763:"A pilot study on East and Southeast Asian (ESEA) people's experience of racism and hate crime in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic"
345:
1005:
95:
40:
131:
describes ESEA as a 'pan-Asian' political identity and alliance which has grown out of wider anti-racist organising in
Britain.
2262:
1397:
115:
932:"News - Covid-related racism has traumatised East and South East Asian communities, study finds - University of Nottingham"
602:"Envisioning and Enacting a Pan-Asian Political Identity: The Cultural Politics of the First 'Stop Asian Hate UK' Protests"
79:
230:
87:
55:
2267:
2215:
59:
1031:
384:> 'All of Scotland' > 'Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion' > 'Country of birth: UV204'
75:
71:
1222:
154:
83:
1712:
956:
27:(ESEA) are used to refer to people in the United Kingdom (UK) who identify with the cultures and ethnicities of
63:
67:
2152:"Empowering East and Southeast Asian officials was a highlight: Civil Service Race Forum looks back on 2022"
182:
The term ESEA is used in the names and mission statements of several organisations and initiatives such as:
1398:"A Prominent Asian Art Center in the U.K. Drops 'Chinese' From Its Name Amid Growing Geopolitical Tensions"
394:
2205:
91:
36:
1177:
1742:"Half East Records (@halfeastrecords) • Instagram photos and videos • Instagram photos and videos"
710:
123:
and BEATS (British East & South East Asians in the Screen & Stage
Industry) in the arts.
762:
120:
8:
832:"Covid racism fuels 80% rise in hate crimes against east and south east Asians in London"
781:"How the UK's East and South-East Asian communities are fighting COVID-related violence"
2067:
1639:
1300:"EdiUniCorn - UoE ESEA Queer Society (@uoe_eseaqueersoc) • Instagram photos and videos"
685:
619:
2226:
552:
524:
2211:
623:
500:
492:
146:
2234:
609:
532:
484:
473:"Who is Asian? A category that remains contested in population and health research"
1688:
806:"'We Want to Share Our Joy' – The Women Behind the UK's First ESEA Heritage Month"
2207:
East Side Voices: Essays
Celebrating East and Southeast Asian Identity in Britain
2019:
51:
1032:"6 Asian Women On Racism And The Impact Of The #StopESEAHate Campaign A Year On"
981:"Discrimination and racism during the COVID-19 outbreak – a community response"
50:
According to organisations who uses this term, this includes Brunei, Cambodia,
32:
1419:
1299:
1056:"Artists call for 'white-run' UK Chinese gallery to be defunded in racism row"
2251:
2239:
1741:
1664:
1615:
715:
537:
496:
171:
167:
1689:"FoundlingProductions (@foundlingproductions) • Instagram photos and videos"
553:"Rallying banners: How did the terms 'ESEA' and 'Asian American' take root?"
488:
372:"Table UV204 - Country of birth: Country by Country of Birth by Individuals"
323:
UK Civil
Service Race Forum's East and South East Asian (ESEA) Working Group
162:
campaign was launched with support from public personalities such as actors
39:
recorded a total of 834,262 people (1.25% of the total population) who were
2092:
1347:
576:
504:
1861:
1591:
614:
107:
2093:"SOAS dis-Orient Society (@soasdisorient) • Instagram photos and videos"
1348:"ESEA Archives Book Club (@esea.archives) • Instagram photos and videos"
472:
1923:
1616:"ESEA Young Londoners (@esealondonyouth) • Instagram photos and videos"
163:
150:
1947:
1765:
1275:
1230:
858:"UK helpline launched for east and south-east Asian victims of racism"
1720:
907:
134:
128:
28:
1665:"Every Asian Voice (@everyasianvoice) • Instagram photos and videos"
1567:
1420:"ESEA Green Lions (@esea.green.lions) • Instagram photos and videos"
1371:
1251:
661:
1899:
1470:"First UK festival for east and south-east Asian writing announced"
159:
111:
2043:
1875:
1837:
1789:
1568:"ESEA Publishing Network (@eseapn) • Instagram photos and videos"
1080:
711:"How ESEA Sisters Found Community Amid A Wave Of Anti-Asian Hate"
577:"East and Southeast Asians: Documenting a Category in the Making"
1971:
1995:
1813:
1640:"Colston project aims to create 'grassroots' change in Bristol"
1519:
1494:
1152:
423:
2176:
1543:
2139:
2116:
1592:"Esea.Sisters (@esea.sisters) • Instagram photos and videos"
1128:
1104:
737:
637:
447:
1178:"Ways to access support for ESEA racism – China Exchange"
1198:
1814:"Kakilang - Southeast and East Asian Contemporary Arts"
1323:
223:
End
Violence and Racism Against ESEA Communities (EVR)
141:
Xenophobia and racism related to the COVID-19 pandemic
16:
East and
Southeast Asians living in the United Kingdom
1006:"Celebrities unite to back #StopAsianHate campaign"
767:
Centre for Contemporary East Asian Cultural Studies
1324:"End Violence and Racism Against ESEA Communities"
135:COVID-19-related discrimination and racism of ESEA
2227:"Becoming British East Asian and Southeast Asian"
525:"Becoming British East Asian and Southeast Asian"
401:. Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency
121:New Earth Theatre (formerly Yellow Earth Theatre)
2249:
1328:End Violence and Racism Against ESEA Communities
690:End Violence and Racism Against ESEA Communities
642:End Violence and Racism Against ESEA Communities
418:
416:
364:
885:Hate Crimes: South and East Asian Communities
127:and Southeast Asian identity in the Britain,
177:
413:
2238:
613:
536:
829:
470:
395:"MS-A18: Country of birth - full detail"
1520:"ESEA music - Every Sound Every Action"
317:Southeast and East Asian Centre (SEEAC)
220:Edinburgh University ESEA Queer Society
2250:
1252:"East and Southeast Asians for Labour"
855:
803:
387:
1467:
1003:
662:"Network | ESEA Online Community Hub"
214:East and Southeast Asians in Scotland
2273:Asian diaspora in the United Kingdom
1395:
1256:East and Southeast Asians for Labour
1029:
881:
708:
518:
516:
514:
338:
281:Kakilang (formerly Chinese Arts Now)
217:East and Southeast Asians North East
211:East and Southeast Asians for Labour
2258:Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom
2224:
2203:
954:
830:Phillips, Ronke (October 7, 2021).
804:Tsjeng, Zing (September 27, 2021).
760:
599:
522:
231:Centre for Chinese Contemporary Art
13:
2231:British Journal of Chinese Studies
2197:
2020:"Home | Racism Unmasked Edinburgh"
1717:Hackney Chinese Community Services
1030:Lai*, Ching Kaitlyn (2022-05-27).
529:British Journal of Chinese Studies
266:Hackney Chinese Community Services
116:rise in anti-Asian racial violence
14:
2284:
2117:"Southeast and East Asian Centre"
1468:Sarah, Shaffi (23 January 2023).
1396:Chow, Vivienne (9 January 2023).
511:
856:Mohdin, Aamna (August 9, 2022).
352:. Office for National Statistics
21:British East and Southeast Asian
2169:
2144:
2133:
2121:Southeast and East Asian Centre
2109:
2085:
2060:
2036:
2012:
1988:
1964:
1940:
1916:
1892:
1868:
1854:
1830:
1806:
1782:
1758:
1734:
1705:
1681:
1657:
1632:
1608:
1584:
1560:
1536:
1512:
1487:
1461:
1436:
1412:
1389:
1364:
1340:
1316:
1292:
1268:
1244:
1215:
1191:
1170:
1145:
1121:
1097:
1073:
1048:
1023:
997:
973:
948:
924:
900:
875:
849:
823:
797:
773:
754:
730:
709:Chan, Emily (22 January 2023).
702:
678:
654:
630:
593:
101:
1004:Iqbal, Nosheen (May 9, 2021).
761:Bao, Hongwei (July 20, 2021).
569:
545:
471:Aspinall, P. J. (2003-06-01).
464:
440:
374:. National Records of Scotland
272:Have you eaten yet? Collective
155:UK Parliament Petition Website
1:
2263:East Asian diaspora in Europe
1081:"Asian Leadership Collective"
882:Owen, Sarah (July 22, 2020).
346:"Country of birth (extended)"
331:
199:Campaign Against Racism Group
229:esea contemporary (formerly
7:
1544:"ESEA Online Community Hub"
1085:Asian Leadership Collective
686:"Map of ESEA Organisations"
600:Bao, Hongwei (2021-09-07).
190:Asian Leadership Collective
10:
2289:
138:
37:2021 United Kingdom census
2204:Lee, Helena, ed. (2022).
2140:http://www.tanstopics.com
305:Racism Unmasked Edinburgh
245:ESEA Online Community Hub
178:Groups which use the term
45:Southeast Asian countries
2268:Southeast Asian diaspora
2240:10.51661/bjocs.v11i0.131
1713:"Hackney Chinese | Home"
1223:"Don't Call Me Oriental"
538:10.51661/bjocs.v11i0.131
477:Journal of Public Health
25:East and Southeast Asian
1572:ESEA Publishing Network
908:"Voice ESEA - Petition"
606:The Sociological Review
314:SOAS dis-Orient Society
248:ESEA Publishing Network
226:ESEA Archives Book Club
1862:"About Us – KANLUNGAN"
1444:"Green Lunar New Year"
957:"We are not the virus"
448:"Yellow Earth Theatre"
290:Liverpool ESEA Network
208:Don't Call Me Oriental
2048:remember-resist.co.uk
1790:"Horizons Collective"
615:10.51428/tsr.crwi5533
489:10.1093/pubmed/fdg021
263:Foundling Productions
187:Artist Working Group
139:Further information:
2024:Racism Unmasked Edin
1904:Liverpool Esea Netwo
961:UCL Grand Challenges
936:www.nottingham.ac.uk
888:. Hansard Volume 678
452:Yellow Earth Theatre
293:Moongate Productions
254:ESEA Young Londoners
2225:Yeh, Diana (2021).
2210:. London: Sceptre.
2156:Civil Service World
1996:"Papergang Theatre"
1948:"New Earth Theatre"
1928:moongateproductions
1794:Horizons Collective
1524:www.eseamusic.co.uk
1372:"esea contemporary"
1227:Don'tCallMeOriental
523:Yeh, Diana (2021).
278:Horizons Collective
1838:"Chinese Arts Now"
1548:ESEA Community Hub
1448:Museum of the Home
955:UCL (2020-10-03).
666:ESEA Community Hub
23:(BESEA) or simply
2097:www.instagram.com
2072:New Earth Theatre
2000:Papergang Theatre
1952:New Earth Theatre
1746:www.instagram.com
1693:www.instagram.com
1669:www.instagram.com
1620:www.instagram.com
1596:www.instagram.com
1424:www.instagram.com
1376:esea contemporary
1352:www.instagram.com
1304:www.instagram.com
1159:. 29 October 2020
1133:wearebeats.org.uk
742:wearebeats.org.uk
638:"Hate Crime Data"
302:Papergang Theatre
296:New Earth Theatre
269:Half East Records
260:Every Asian Voice
147:COVID-19 pandemic
2280:
2244:
2242:
2221:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2148:
2142:
2137:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2113:
2107:
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2089:
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2078:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2040:
2034:
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2016:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2006:
1992:
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1982:
1968:
1962:
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1911:
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1889:
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1886:
1872:
1866:
1865:
1858:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1848:
1842:Chinese Arts Now
1834:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1786:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1776:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1728:
1719:. Archived from
1709:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1699:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1661:
1655:
1654:
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1636:
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1505:
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1440:
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1416:
1410:
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1405:
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1344:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1311:
1310:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1262:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1238:
1229:. Archived from
1219:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1185:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1139:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1115:
1101:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1091:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1042:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1001:
995:
994:
992:
991:
977:
971:
970:
968:
967:
952:
946:
945:
943:
942:
928:
922:
921:
919:
918:
904:
898:
897:
895:
893:
879:
873:
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870:
868:
853:
847:
846:
844:
842:
827:
821:
820:
818:
816:
801:
795:
794:
792:
791:
777:
771:
770:
758:
752:
751:
749:
748:
734:
728:
727:
725:
723:
706:
700:
699:
697:
696:
682:
676:
675:
673:
672:
658:
652:
651:
649:
648:
634:
628:
627:
617:
597:
591:
590:
588:
587:
573:
567:
566:
564:
563:
549:
543:
542:
540:
520:
509:
508:
468:
462:
461:
459:
458:
444:
438:
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435:
434:
420:
411:
410:
408:
406:
391:
385:
383:
381:
379:
368:
362:
361:
359:
357:
342:
308:Remember Resist
236:ESEA Green Lions
2288:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2277:
2248:
2247:
2218:
2200:
2198:Further reading
2195:
2194:
2185:
2183:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2161:
2159:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2138:
2134:
2125:
2123:
2115:
2114:
2110:
2101:
2099:
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2090:
2086:
2076:
2074:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2052:
2050:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2028:
2026:
2018:
2017:
2013:
2004:
2002:
1994:
1993:
1989:
1980:
1978:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1956:
1954:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1932:
1930:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1908:
1906:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1884:
1882:
1876:"kindredpacket"
1874:
1873:
1869:
1864:. 14 July 2020.
1860:
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1846:
1844:
1836:
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1822:
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1807:
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1552:
1550:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1528:
1526:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1503:
1501:
1495:"ESEA Lit Fest"
1493:
1492:
1488:
1478:
1476:
1466:
1462:
1452:
1450:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1428:
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1401:
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1236:
1234:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1207:
1205:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1183:
1181:
1180:. 17 March 2021
1176:
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1151:
1150:
1146:
1137:
1135:
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1098:
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1038:
1028:
1024:
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1002:
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987:
979:
978:
974:
965:
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953:
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938:
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929:
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916:
914:
906:
905:
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876:
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854:
850:
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838:
828:
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812:
802:
798:
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721:
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703:
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655:
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631:
598:
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583:
581:Public Data Lab
575:
574:
570:
561:
559:
551:
550:
546:
521:
512:
469:
465:
456:
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393:
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388:
377:
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370:
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365:
355:
353:
344:
343:
339:
334:
329:
202:China Exchange
180:
143:
137:
114:which led to a
104:
84:the Philippines
70:, Laos, Macau,
54:, Timor-Leste,
17:
12:
11:
5:
2286:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2246:
2245:
2222:
2216:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2168:
2143:
2132:
2108:
2084:
2068:"Rising Waves"
2059:
2035:
2011:
1987:
1972:"On Your Side"
1963:
1939:
1915:
1891:
1867:
1853:
1829:
1805:
1781:
1770:Hidden Keileon
1757:
1733:
1704:
1680:
1656:
1631:
1607:
1583:
1559:
1535:
1511:
1486:
1460:
1435:
1411:
1388:
1363:
1339:
1315:
1291:
1267:
1243:
1214:
1190:
1169:
1144:
1120:
1096:
1072:
1047:
1022:
996:
972:
947:
923:
899:
874:
848:
822:
796:
772:
753:
729:
701:
677:
653:
629:
592:
568:
544:
510:
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