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circular face; the profile and nose should be short, further complementing the circular face. The neck should give the illusion of the cat having no neck, blending in with the cheeks. The body of the cat should have a sturdy and muscular torso, complemented by medium to short legs, finished with round medium to large feet. The tail should be thick at the base and taper to a rounded tip, totaling about two thirds of the body length. The cat should have substantial bone and a firm, sturdy musculature. No preference on colour is stated for the cat's coat, but the coat should be straight, dense, and even in length.
479:
519:
20th century, certain
British Shorthairs would occasionally earn notoriety or decorated titles in Cat Competitions. The British Shorthair publicity from 19th and 20th century cat shows helped British Shorthairs become one of the most popular pet cat breeds today. For example, in the 1980s, the British Shorthair was featured in competition by the Cat Fancier's Association (CFA), which led to an increased demand for British Shorthairs as household pets. As of 2023, the British Shorthair ranks as the 6th most popular cat breed in the United States.
364:
467:
356:
623:
69:
491:
443:
342:, another ancient breed, which although genetically unrelated to the British Blue, is very similar in appearance. Breeders worked to reestablish the true British type, and by the late 1970s the distinctive British Shorthair had achieved formal recognition from both the Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA) and The International Cat Association (TICA). According to the GCCF's 2013 registry data, it is once again the most popular pedigreed breed in its native country.
327:
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43:
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565:(HCM) can be a problem in the breed. A Danish prevalence study with more than 329 cats showed that 20.4% of males and 2.1% of the females had HCM, with an additional 6.4% of males and 3.5% of females judged to be equivocal. HCM testing of males used for breeding is now mandatory for breeders organised under the Danish Fife member, Felis Danica.
558:
A UK study looking at veterinary records found a life expectancy of 9.58 years for the
British Shorthair and British Longhair compared to 11.74 years overall. Swedish insurance data puts the median lifespan of the breed at >12.5 years. Eighty-two percent of British Shorthairs lived to 10 years or
514:
First introduced to
Britain by the Romans, the British shorthair was one of the domestic cats originally bred for its hunting prowess. In the last 150 years, breeding has emphasized physical qualities. The British Shorthair breed debuted — along with a wide range of other selectively bred felines —
268:
These cats then interbred with the local
European wildcat population. Over the centuries, their naturally isolated descendants developed into distinctively large, robust cats with a short but very thick coat, to better withstand conditions on their native islands. Based on artists' representations,
242:
known. In modern times, it remains the most popular pedigreed breed in its native country, as registered by the UK's
Governing Council of the Cat Fancy (GCCF). A quarter of all kittens registered with the GCCF each year are British Shorthairs, making the British the most popular pedigree cat in the
371:
The
British Shorthair is a relatively powerful-looking, large cat having a broad chest, strong thick-set legs with rounded paws, and a medium-length, blunt-tipped tail. The head is relatively large and rounded, with a short muzzle, broad cheeks (most noticeable in mature males, who tend to develop
334:
After the war, in an attempt to maintain the breed standard, the GCCF decided to accept only third-generation
Persian/British Shorthair crosses. This contributed to another shortage of pure breeding stock by World War II, at which point the Persian and Russian Blue were reintroduced into the mix.
518:
Shortly after the
British Shorthair exhibit in the Crystal Palace show, the popularity of British Shorthair increased. The public began searching for breeders of British Shorthairs with various character and color traits, all in the pursuit of "exoticness". From the late 19th century to the early
522:
As of 2015, the TICA cat show competition standards for
British Shorthairs judge the cats for their circular head shape, muzzle, and cheeks. Small to medium ears are desired, with large, round, leveled eyes. Eye shape is more important than colour. The muzzle and chin shape should complement the
375:
They are slow to mature in comparison with most cat breeds, reaching full physical development at approximately three years of age. Unusually among domestic cats, they are a noticeably sexually dimorphic breed, with males averaging 9–17 lb (4.1–7.7 kg) and females 7–12 lb
388:
Although the
British Blue remains the most familiar variant, British Shorthairs have been developed in many other colours and patterns. Black, blue, white, red, cream, silver, golden and—most recently—cinnamon and fawn are accepted by all official standards, either solid or in
264:
Researchers are not sure how cats first reached the British Isles. In many other parts of Europe cats became common at the same time as the spread of the Roman Empire, however it appears that housecats reached the British Isles before the Romans did.
231:, and broad face. The most familiar colour variant is the "British Blue", with a solid grey-blue coat, pineapple eyes, and a medium-sized tail. The breed has also been developed in a wide range of other colours and patterns, including
284:
Selective breeding of the best examples of the type began in the nineteenth century, with emphasis on developing the unusual blue-grey variant called the "British Blue" or "English type" (to distinguish it from the more fine-boned
384:
The British Shorthair's coat is one of the breed's defining features. It is very dense, the texture being plush rather than woolly or fluffy, with a firm, "crisp" pile that breaks noticeably over the cat's body as it moves.
408:
The Tabby patterns include Classic Tabby, Mackerel Tabby, Spotted & Ticked Tabby. The non-tabby patterns include: Tortoiseshell, Bi-Colour, Van patterns Bi-Colour & White, Smoke, Tipped & Colourpointed.
293:
with the initial concept of standardising the breed. Others suggest a group of breeders may have been involved. The new British Shorthair was featured at the first-ever cat show, organised by Weir and held at
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prominent jowls) and large round eyes that are deep copper orange in the British Blue and otherwise vary in colour depending on the coat. Their large ears are broad and widely set.
418:
317:. At the time, any long-haired cats produced were placed into the Persian breeding program, as all cats with the blue colouration were then judged together as variants on a
313:. At least partially to alleviate this, British Shorthair breeders mixed Persians into their bloodlines. The genes thus introduced would eventually become the basis for the
515:
in the first organized cat show arranged by Harrison Weir at London's Crystal Palace in 1871. British shorthairs remained the premiere pedigree at cat shows up until 1895.
256:. The Cat Fanciers' Association profile reads: "When gracelessness is observed, the British Shorthair is duly embarrassed, quickly recovering with a 'Cheshire cat smile'."
246:
The breed's good-natured appearance and relatively calm temperament make it a frequent media star, notably as the inspiration for John Tenniel's famous illustration of the
134:
583:
or the overall cat population; 0.24% of British Shorthairs were diagnosed with the condition compared to 0.58% for both non-pedigree cats and the overall prevalence.
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1095:
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British Shorthairs have a long history. It's thought that the Romans first brought domestic cats to Britain from Egypt to help control the rodent population
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725:
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454:
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The British Longhair, also known as the Highlander or Highland Straight, is a longhaired variant of the British Shorthair. Some registries such as
1521:
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patterns; the GCCF, FIFe and TICA also accept chocolate and its dilute lilac, disallowed in the CFA standard. All colours and patterns also have
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1967:
954:
98:
1947:
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A study of over 190,000 patient records in England found the British Shorthair to be less than half as likely to acquire
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1972:
544:
186:
1987:
1942:
1010:
540:
158:
110:
17:
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O'Neill, D.G.; Gostelow, R.; Orme, C.; Church, D.B.; Niessen, S.J.M.; Verheyen, K.; Brodbelt, D.C. (29 June 2016).
531:
2016:
191:
359:
A fully mature British Blue male, showing the characteristic heavy jowls and unique "crisp" texture of the coat.
686:
179:
918:
412:
British Shorthair's nose colour: black, cherry red, brick red; a circle of black nasal line on the periphery.
2472:
2467:
1466:"Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus among 193,435 Cats Attending Primary-Care Veterinary Practices in England"
904:
442:
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838:
717:
490:
91:
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1962:
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86:
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Granström, S.; Nyberg Godiksen, M. T.; Christiansen, M.; Pipper, C. B.; Willesen, J. T.; Koch, J. (2011).
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1982:
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1800:
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breeds, the British Shorthair had fallen out of favour, and breeding stock had become critically rare by
1957:
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1115:. University of California Libraries. London, Paris, New York, Melbourne, Cassell and company, limited.
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single breed. The Blue Shorthair, outcrossings of the British with the Russian Blue were also common.
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Carlos A. Driscoll; Juliet Clutton-Brock; Andrew C. Kitchener; Stephen J. O'Brien (1 June 2009).
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Egenvall, A.; Nødtvedt, A.; Häggström, J.; Ström Holst, B.; Möller, L.; Bonnett, B. N. (2009).
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Driscoll, Carlos A.; Clutton-Brock, Juliet; Kitchener, Andrew C.; O’Brien, Stephen J. (2009).
882:
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treat it as a variant of the British Shorthair, which may be referred to as simply 'British'.
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A British Blue male, showing the classic "Cheshire Cat smile" for which the breed is renowned.
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1977:
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627:
1377:"Prevalence of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in a Cohort of British Shorthair Cats in Denmark"
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8:
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1835:
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1328:"Mortality of Life-Insured Swedish Cats during 1999–2006: Age, Breed, Sex, and Diagnosis"
252:
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1269:"Life tables of annual life expectancy and risk factors for mortality in cats in the UK"
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2010:
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The breed is identical to the British Shorthair aside from its longer and denser coat.
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748:"British Shorthair Cats | British Shorthair Cat Breed Info & Pictures | petMD"
272:
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A young British Blue male showing the copper eyes typical of cats with 'blue' fur
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2345:
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2034:
1877:
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Teng, Kendy Tzu-yun; Brodbelt, Dave C; Church, David B; O’Neill, Dan G (2024).
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103:
74:
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An early example of the "English type" Blue Shorthair, from Frances Simpson's
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Two-month-old female blue and white hawksbill British shorthair kitten
289:"). Some sources directly credit UK artist and pioneering cat fancier
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In 2022, the British Shorthair was one of eight cats featured on a
319:
220:
1439:"Polycystic kidney disease (PKD): Gene test and negative register"
1368:
269:
the modern British Shorthair is unchanged from this initial type.
2397:
2340:
2239:
928:. British Shorthair Breed Advisory Committee. 12 September 2012.
1564:
2392:
2309:
2209:
2064:
1882:
1741:
1626:
997:, Princeton University Press, pp. 6–12, 31 December 2020,
42:
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2169:
1463:
674:
When Cats Reigned Like Kings: On the Trail of the Sacred Cats
580:
1550:
The Interest Group Cat's Healthy Hearts Association (IG HGK)
772:
2527:
1763:
1758:
1180:"British Breed Group (BS/BL): British Breed Group Standard"
1892:
1595:
1266:
807:. Governing Council of the Cat Fancy (UK). Archived from
298:
in London in 1871, and enjoyed great initial popularity.
228:
199:
1560:
British Shorthair: Their History, Breeds and Other Facts
1246:. Barrons Educational Series Incorporated. p. 110.
610:
484:
One-year-old male British shorthair kitten in pure white
905:"The International Cat Association – British Shorthair"
338:
British Shorthair breeders also worked with the French
1522:"Royal Mail releases new cat-themed stamp collection"
543:
recognise it as a distinct breed, others such as the
472:
Eight-month-old British shorthair in silver coat octa
648:"GCCF Online > Cat Breeds > British Shorthair"
301:By the 1900s with the advent of the newly imported
1130:"The History Project: English (British) Shorthair"
1124:
1122:
1155:"Top 20 Most Popular Cat Breeds – Forbes Advisor"
1094:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
2637:
510:Example of "Champion" standard British Shorthair
1119:
47:British Shorthair in the classic colour ’blue’.
712:
710:
708:
706:
460:Six-month-old silver classic tabby male kitten
1580:
833:
831:
829:
379:
2651:Cat breeds originating in the United Kingdom
911:
875:"CFA: Introduction to the British Shorthair"
919:"Breeding Policy For The British Shorthair"
703:
568:The breed is thought to be at high risk of
559:more, and 54% lived to 12.5 years or more.
1587:
1573:
826:
227:, with a distinctively stocky body, thick
41:
1497:
1392:
1351:
1302:
1284:
955:"British Shorthair General Type Standard"
1441:. International Cat Care. Archived from
530:
505:
436:Four-month-old golden shaded male kitten
362:
354:
325:
271:
1470:Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
1381:Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
1332:Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
1241:
1108:
867:
14:
2638:
1948:Associazione Nazionale Felina Italiana
1273:Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery
676:. Transaction Publishers. p. 219.
1568:
728:from the original on 31 October 2017
1244:Barron's Encyclopedia of Cat Breeds
798:"GCCF: Registry data analysis 2013"
526:
223:version of the traditional British
24:
1973:Governing Council of the Cat Fancy
1222:Governing Council of the Cat Fancy
839:"British Shorthair Breed Standard"
545:Governing Council of the Cat Fancy
448:Five-month-old lilac female kitten
25:
2672:
2433:Congenital sensorineural deafness
1988:The International Cat Association
1943:American Cat Fanciers Association
1594:
1543:
1058:10.1038/scientificamerican0609-68
855:from the original on 20 June 2023
722:The International Cat Association
671:
541:The International Cat Association
2620:
2619:
1968:Fédération Internationale Féline
935:from the original on 18 May 2023
621:
609:
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477:
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453:
441:
429:
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67:
1514:
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1394:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.0751.x
1344:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0396.x
1319:
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238:It is one of the most ancient
13:
1:
848:. Cat Fanciers' Association.
689:"The Evolution of House Cats"
633:
350:
501:
7:
2602:List of longest-living cats
2483:Lower urinary tract disease
2463:Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
1983:Southern Africa Cat Council
602:
593:series of UK postage stamps
563:Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
10:
2677:
1958:Cat Aficionado Association
380:Coat, colour, and patterns
259:
2615:
2589:
2546:
2438:Feline corneal sequestrum
2406:
2368:
2328:
2025:
2006:
1963:Cat Fanciers' Association
1933:
1799:
1722:
1677:
1602:
1286:10.1177/1098612X241234556
1242:Helgren, J. Anne (2013).
1109:Simpson, Frances (1903).
1003:10.1515/9780691199924-001
628:United Kingdom portal
570:polycystic kidney disease
553:
197:
185:
173:
157:
145:
133:
121:
109:
97:
85:
80:
62:
52:
40:
35:
1953:Canadian Cat Association
496:Blue bicolour adult male
2597:List of individual cats
1060:(inactive 2024-09-18).
1034:"The Taming of the Cat"
773:"GCCF Online > Home"
2473:Infectious peritonitis
2468:Immunodeficiency virus
964:. 2018. Archived from
536:
535:A British Longhair cat
511:
368:
360:
331:
281:
2538:Viral rhinotracheitis
2513:Tritrichomonas foetus
1978:New Zealand Cat Fancy
1846:Cats in ancient Egypt
1476:(4). Wiley: 964–972.
991:"Introducing the Cat"
691:. Scientific American
672:Geyer, Georgie Anne.
534:
509:
366:
358:
329:
275:
2100:Colorpoint Shorthair
1998:World Cat Federation
1732:Cat–dog relationship
2300:Traditional Persian
2085:California Spangled
2055:Brazilian Shorthair
1851:Cultural depictions
1836:Cat-scratch disease
1526:Telegraph and Argus
1112:The book of the cat
1050:2009SciAm.300f..68D
1038:Scientific American
718:"British Shorthair"
376:(3.2–5.4 kg).
253:Alice in Wonderland
2661:Natural cat breeds
2220:Oriental Shorthair
2130:European Shorthair
2045:American Shorthair
1993:World Cat Congress
1482:10.1111/jvim.14365
1445:on 2 November 2014
1197:"British Longhair"
537:
512:
369:
361:
332:
296:the Crystal Palace
282:
2633:
2632:
2458:Hepatic lipidosis
2364:
2363:
2060:British Shorthair
1669:Tortoiseshell cat
1253:978-0-7641-6580-1
577:diabetes mellitus
235:and colourpoint.
217:British Shorthair
213:
212:
36:British Shorthair
18:British shorthair
16:(Redirected from
2668:
2656:Linebred animals
2623:
2622:
2607:Cats in folklore
2205:Norwegian Forest
2175:Kurilian Bobtail
2155:Japanese Bobtail
2135:Exotic Shorthair
2023:
2022:
1888:National Cat Day
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1419:. Felisdanica.dk
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881:. Archived from
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1185:. 25 May 2015 .
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1134:cat-o-pedia.org
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907:. 31 July 2018.
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885:on 25 June 2014
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2408:Diseases and
2250:Russian Blue
2125:Egyptian Mau
2059:
2017:experimental
1868:Dog-like cat
1811:Ailurophobia
1776:Intelligence
1632:Odd-eyed cat
1531:23 September
1529:. Retrieved
1525:
1516:
1473:
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1447:. Retrieved
1443:the original
1433:
1421:. Retrieved
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1162:. Retrieved
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1137:. Retrieved
1133:
1111:
1104:
1090:cite journal
1044:(6): 68–75.
1041:
1037:
1027:
1016:, retrieved
994:
985:
973:. Retrieved
966:the original
962:Gccfcats.org
961:
949:
937:. Retrieved
926:gccfcats.org
925:
913:
899:
887:. Retrieved
883:the original
878:
869:
857:. Retrieved
845:
816:. Retrieved
809:the original
805:gccfcats.org
804:
792:
780:. Retrieved
777:gccfcats.org
776:
767:
755:. Retrieved
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742:
730:. Retrieved
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693:. Retrieved
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655:. Retrieved
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248:Cheshire Cat
245:
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225:domestic cat
216:
214:
205:
200:Domestic cat
58:British Blue
30:Breed of cat
27:Breed of cat
2571:New Zealand
2498:Polydactyly
2428:Calicivirus
2320:Turkish Van
2260:Selkirk Rex
2215:Ojos Azules
2105:Cornish Rex
1913:Library cat
1898:Working cat
1826:Cat massage
1821:Cat killers
1803:interaction
1714:Vaccination
1649:Bicolor cat
657:14 November
391:colourpoint
346:Description
311:World War I
307:long-haired
206:Felis catus
54:Other names
2646:Cat breeds
2640:Categories
2493:Giardiasis
2346:Highlander
2245:Ragamuffin
2185:Maine Coon
2165:Khao Manee
2145:German Rex
2035:Abyssinian
1935:Registries
1918:Ship's cat
1903:Bodega cat
1659:Calico cat
1604:Felinology
1449:2 November
1164:10 October
1159:forbes.com
1139:10 October
1018:10 October
879:cfainc.org
846:cfainc.org
634:References
597:Royal Mail
579:as either
405:variants.
351:Appearance
305:and other
240:cat breeds
2556:Australia
2518:Roundworm
2453:Heartworm
2410:disorders
2370:Landraces
2356:Serengeti
2305:Tonkinese
2275:Singapura
2235:Pixie-bob
2230:Peterbald
2150:Himalayan
2115:Devon Rex
2090:Chartreux
2011:full list
1873:Feral cat
1856:fictional
1816:Cat cafés
1801:Human–cat
1692:Declawing
1664:Tabby cat
1654:Black cat
1622:Dwarf cat
1490:0891-6640
1295:1098-612X
1218:"British"
1066:0036-8733
752:petmd.com
695:6 January
502:Cat shows
340:Chartreux
221:pedigreed
2625:Category
2508:Ringworm
2448:Coccidia
2351:Savannah
2280:Snowshoe
2270:Siberian
2195:Munchkin
2160:Javanese
2080:Burmilla
2050:Balinese
2028:domestic
1925:Zoonosis
1908:Farm cat
1861:Internet
1841:Cat show
1831:Cat meat
1771:Kneading
1747:valerian
1737:Catfight
1724:Behavior
1637:Squitten
1617:Genetics
1508:27353396
1403:21736622
1362:19780926
1313:38714312
1304:11156239
1082:73704872
1074:26001382
975:2 August
930:Archived
850:Archived
757:12 April
726:Archived
603:See also
399:bicolour
320:de facto
192:standard
180:standard
168:standard
152:standard
140:standard
128:standard
116:standard
104:standard
92:standard
2590:Related
2341:Chausie
2265:Siamese
2240:Ragdoll
2225:Persian
2120:Donskoy
2075:Burmese
1893:Pet cat
1612:Anatomy
1499:5094533
1423:29 June
1353:7167180
1227:10 June
1202:10 June
1046:Bibcode
995:The Cat
939:27 July
889:27 July
818:27 July
732:26 July
581:moggies
572:(PKD).
303:Persian
260:History
219:is the
175:CCA-AFC
2561:Canada
2503:Rabies
2423:Asthma
2393:Sokoke
2388:Kellas
2383:Cyprus
2378:Aegean
2336:Bengal
2329:Hybrid
2310:Toyger
2290:Sphynx
2285:Somali
2210:Ocicat
2140:Foldex
2110:Cymric
2070:Bombay
2065:Birman
2007:Breeds
1883:Lolcat
1791:Senses
1742:Catnip
1707:senior
1679:Health
1627:Kitten
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859:4 July
554:Health
280:, 1903
72:
63:Origin
2566:Japan
2180:Lykoi
2170:Korat
2026:Fully
1687:Aging
1279:(5).
1183:(PDF)
1078:S2CID
1070:JSTOR
969:(PDF)
958:(PDF)
933:(PDF)
922:(PDF)
853:(PDF)
842:(PDF)
812:(PDF)
801:(PDF)
782:2 May
395:tabby
250:from
233:tabby
2528:Tick
2443:Flea
2418:Acne
2295:Thai
2190:Manx
1764:Purr
1759:Meow
1697:Diet
1533:2022
1504:PMID
1486:ISSN
1451:2014
1425:2014
1399:PMID
1358:PMID
1309:PMID
1291:ISSN
1248:ISBN
1229:2024
1204:2024
1166:2023
1141:2023
1096:link
1062:ISSN
1020:2023
1007:ISBN
977:2018
941:2014
891:2014
861:2023
820:2014
784:2021
759:2017
734:2014
697:2024
659:2020
243:UK.
229:coat
215:The
187:GCCF
159:ACFA
111:TICA
99:FIFe
2398:Van
1494:PMC
1478:doi
1389:doi
1348:PMC
1340:doi
1299:PMC
1281:doi
1054:doi
1042:300
999:doi
163:CAA
147:ACF
135:FFE
123:WCF
87:CFA
2642::
1524:.
1502:.
1492:.
1484:.
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