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288:. Common in the early years of European colonisation, the "brown duck" (as it had been often referred to) was heavily harvested as a food source. Its numbers quickly fell, especially in the South Island, and in 1921 they became fully protected. Captive breeding and releasing into predator-controlled areas has seen good localised populations re-introduced around the country in recent years.
340:
The former population of
Fiordland brown teal, which died out by 2013 has been replaced with captive-origin birds. Sequencing showed striking similarity to grey duck and mallard sequences, with which they group. It therefore seems extremely likely that the former Fiordland population of brown teal
296:
There are no distinctive differences between a male, female and a juvenile brown teal during non-mating season. They all have a white ring around their eyes as well as a mottled brown color on their heads and throat. During breeding season the male will begin to change color, now having a green
336:
was found in abundance, compared with eleven haplotypes found in the other remaining population at
Mimiwhangata. The newly released flocks exclusively contain these birds of captive origin, and diversity is perhaps now not being fully represented in the National population.
448:, heavily lined with down. A clutch of four to eight creamy-brown eggs is laid. Incubation is done by only the female and takes 27ā30 days. The male stays in his territory as a guard, aggressive to all other waterfowl.
430:(New Zealand cockle), at least some New Zealand teals have developed a peculiar technique, as of now undocumented in other birds, to force their rather soft bills between the cockle shells and tear out the flesh with a
297:
colored head, chestnut colored breast and a white stripe on each side of their body. They will sometimes also have a white clerical neck band. This does vary as some males do tend to be more colorful than others.
329:
are recognised as distinct species, but are still sometimes referred to as being part of the "brown teal group". The use of the name 'pateke' is now common and is specific for this particular species.
332:
Concerns have been raised about establishing genetically similar populations during re-introduction. The original captive pateke were sourced from Great
Barrier Island, where only one
693:
Gemmell, NJ., Flint, H.J., 2000. Taxonomic status of the brown teal (Anas chlorotis) in
Fiordland. Conservation Advisory Science Notes, No. 326, Department of Conservation, Wellington
373:
further south in their range. Brown teal have no defense against introduced cats, dogs, stoats & ferrets, which can kill adults & ducklings, or against rats which eat eggs.
321:
but all are now recognised as separate species on account of their geographic isolation and their plumage, size and genetic distinctions. The insular
672:
Bowker-Wright, Gemma; Loss of
Genetic Diversity with Captive Breeding and Re-Introduction: A Case Study on Pateke/Brown Teal (Anas chlorotis) 2008
1044:
1209:
1083:
755:
434:-like pumping motion. At night brown teal will forage on land some distance from the streams used as a refuge during the day (Worthy 2002).
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This species is endangered and occurs predominantly on offshore islands but also in predator-proof sanctuaries on the mainland such as
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833:
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826:
Handbook of
Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic Birds. Volume 1: Ratites to ducks; Part B, Australian pelican to ducks
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682:
851:
814:
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487:, there is only one other site in the South Island where brown teal live in the wild: since 2017, the
460:. Formerly, it was widespread on the New Zealand mainland, but it disappeared there due to introduced
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Moore, Suzanne J. & Battley, Phil F. (2003): Cockle-opening by a dabbling duck, the Brown Teal.
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like cats, dogs and rats, which easily preyed on this unwary, weakly flying bird. According to the
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It feeds by dabbling and upending, like its relatives. Its diet consists mainly of
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have at sometime in the past hybridised extensively with these invading species.
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http://www.stuff.co.nz/the-press/national/9396503/South-Island-duck-extinct
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and
Project Janszoon have released just under 300 of the waterfowl in the
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284:; the name "brown teal" has also been largely applied to that entire
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828:. Melbourne, Victoria: Oxford University Press. pp. 1289ā1295.
420:) are eaten whole and crushed in the gizzard. For feeding on larger
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native to New
Zealand. For many years it had been considered to be
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856:) recovery plan, 2005ā10 (Threatened Species Recovery Plan 59)"
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Perrine
Moncrieff; New Zealand Birds and How to Identify Them
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499:. The birds are successfully breeding in that location.
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Nest of dry grass near water or under shelter of large
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861:. Department of Conservation, Wellington, New Zealand
541:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22728303A182985187.en
451:
850:S.M. O'Connor; R.F. Maloney; R.J. Pierce (2007).
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353:in habit by dabbling duck standards. This is an
612:"Blue-winged Teal | Types of Ducks & Geese"
660:"Brown teal | New Zealand Birds Online"
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313:Pateke is the progenitor of the flightless
53:
29:
824:. In Marchant, S.; Higgins, P.G. (eds.).
791:Worthy, T.H. & Holdaway, R.N. (2002)
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795:, Indiana University Press:Bloomington,
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304:
1202:
1210:IUCN Red List near threatened species
882:
881:
1109:f2d8d311-18a3-4ac2-9bcb-fac7d2bc2d53
591:Brown Teal / Pateke Recovery Program
784::10.1675/1524-4695(2003)0262.0.CO;2
527:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
385:Brown Teal (Anas chlorotis) feeding
13:
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1230:Taxa named by George Robert Gray
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516:BirdLife International (2020).
452:Distribution & conservation
754:BirdLife International (2007)
720:M.J. Williams, BSc (Hons), PhD
711:M.J. Williams, BSc (Hons), PhD
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675:
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636:"What Type of Duck is a Teal?"
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408:. Small species such as pipi (
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1220:Endemic birds of New Zealand
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681:Hyslop, L. & Kenny, K.
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404:. It appears quite fond of
309:Brown Teal (Anas chlorotis)
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10:
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489:Department of Conservation
349:The brown teal is largely
225:Anas aucklandica chlorotis
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813:O'Brien, Rory M. (1990).
793:The Lost World of the Moa
534:: e.T22728303A182985187.
497:Abel Tasman National Park
414:) and large wedge shell (
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92:Scientific classification
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587:"Brown Teal Description"
458:Tawharanui Regional Park
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483:Apart from Fiordland's
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478:Birdlife International
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361:predators such as the
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1143:Paleobiology Database
731:"PÄteke / brown teal"
400:and their larvae, or
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228:Elasmonetta chlorotis
563:"Appendices | CITES"
357:response to natural
272:with the flightless
756:Species factsheet:
45:Conservation status
765:2007-07-10 at the
761:. Downloaded from
468:categorization as
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363:New Zealand falcon
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149:Anseriformes
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1032:iNaturalist
916:Wikispecies
819:Brown Teal"
769:on 5/9/2007
547:12 November
402:crustaceans
327:A. nesiotis
292:Description
270:conspecific
38:Brown Teal
24:Brown teal
1204:Categories
1182:Xeno-canto
1099:brown-teal
865:2007-09-03
774:Waterbirds
741:16 January
645:2020-02-14
640:The Spruce
621:2020-02-14
597:2020-02-14
572:2022-01-14
503:References
474:endangered
432:jackhammer
238:brown teal
78:Appendix I
852:"Pateke (
567:cites.org
462:predators
351:nocturnal
345:Behaviour
334:haplotype
177:Species:
115:Kingdom:
109:Eukaryota
1156:Species+
1076:22728303
1050:10811262
962:22728303
957:BirdLife
901:Wikidata
763:Archived
438:Breeding
424:such as
406:mollusks
301:Taxonomy
274:Auckland
217:Synonyms
159:Anatidae
155:Family:
129:Chordata
125:Phylum:
119:Animalia
105:Domain:
65:IUCN 3.1
1024:2498063
1011:1065130
998:brotea1
972:brotea1
944:Avibase
907:Q510465
422:cockles
398:insects
391:aquatic
359:diurnal
256:species
254:) is a
165:Genus:
145:Order:
135:Class:
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1106:NZOR:
1096:NZBO:
1063:714065
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252:pÄteke
210:, 1845
1169:WoRMS
1122:79266
1089:75837
1045:IRMNG
1037:72502
993:eBird
969:BOW:
859:(PDF)
822:(PDF)
470:VU D1
445:Carex
396:like
371:skuas
369:, or
286:taxon
248:MÄori
82:CITES
76:CITES
1215:Anas
1161:6426
1084:NCBI
1071:IUCN
1058:ITIS
1019:GBIF
985:DGNB
830:ISBN
797:ISBN
743:2024
549:2021
532:2020
466:IUCN
377:Diet
325:and
317:and
276:and
265:Anas
236:The
208:Gray
170:Anas
139:Aves
1006:EoL
980:CoL
931:ADW
782:DOI
536:doi
495:in
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280:in
258:of
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
