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The design of temples in India was influenced by the idea of a place of worship as a representation of the universe. For
Buddhist temple complexes one tall temple is often centrally located and surrounded by smaller temples and walls. This center surrounded by oceans, lesser mountains and a huge
750:
Its architecture and structure varies from region to region. Usually, the temple consists not only of its buildings, but also the surrounding environment. The
Buddhist temples are designed to symbolize five elements: fire, air, water, earth and void (space).
803:
at the end opposite the entrance, and a high roof with a rounded profile. Strictly speaking, the chaitya is the stupa itself, and the Indian buildings are chaitya halls, but this distinction is often not observed. Many of the early
Chaitya were
1129:—was acknowledged as one of kingdom's official religions along with Hinduism. Although some of kings might favour Hinduism over another, nevertheless the harmony, toleration and even syncretism were promoted as manifested in
892:
1016:, West Java. The oldest relic in Batujaya was estimated to originate from the 2nd century, while the latest dated from the 12th century. Subsequently, significant numbers of Buddhist sites were found in
855:
932:
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1000:, which arrived from India around the second century. The history of Buddhism in Indonesia is closely related to the history of Hinduism, as a number of empires influenced by
1894:
1823:
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1970:
819:
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1435:, from the Pāḷi vāṭa, meaning "enclosure". Wat architecture adheres to consistent principles. A wat, with few exceptions, consists of two parts: the
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is also a round structure, which can be seen through archaeological remains. Representations of this early temple structure are found
2009:
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in
Indonesia for example, contain the actual-size replica or reconstruction of famous Buddhist temples, such as the replica of
883:
1557:
1321:, but in the 8th century Buddhism became the state religion and Buddhist temples were built. High concentration of important
1800:
A Global
History of Architecture, Francis D. K. Ching, Mark M. Jarzombek, Vikramaditya Prakash, John Wiley & Sons, 2017
1036:. The Indonesian archipelago has, over the centuries, witnessed the rise and fall of powerful Buddhist empires, such as the
2337:
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1775:"Sowing the Seeds of the Lotus: A Journey to the Great Pilgrimage Sites of Buddhism, Part I" by John C. Huntington.
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in
Sumatra, and numerous of statues or inscriptions from the earlier history of Indonesian Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms.
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Indian Temple
Architecture: Form and Transformation: the Karṇāṭa Drāviḍa Tradition, 7th to 13th Centuries
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1145:. The classical era of ancient Java also had produces some of the exquisite examples of
787:, Chaitya hall or Chaitya-griha refers to a shrine, sanctuary, temple or prayer hall in
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and the statue of Buddha
Vairochana and Boddhisttva Padmapani and Vajrapani in
1150:
1052:
1041:
1001:
903:
878:. These circular-type temples were also found in later rock-hewn caves such as
867:
824:
503:
433:
388:
246:
730:. Traditional Buddhist temples are designed to inspire inner and outer peace.
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Some of the earliest free-standing temples may have been of a circular type.
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2019:
1146:
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1079:
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on his pilgrim journey to India, witnessed the powerful maritime empire of
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368:
253:
171:
57:
27:
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decorated with reliefs, which Ashoka had established at the foot of the
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Buddhist temples in Sri Lanla are known as 'Pansala' or 'Viharaya' in
722:
in different regions and languages. Temples in
Buddhism represent the
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31:
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1428:
1142:
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792:
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478:
473:
353:
49:
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2405:
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refers to a shrine, either ancient or new. Several contemporary
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Bodhi tree temple depicted in Sanchi, Stupa 1, Southern gateway
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were established around the same period. The oldest
Buddhist
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circa 250 BCE, a circular structure, in order to protect the
796:
711:
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23:
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According to some Chinese source, a Chinese Buddhist monk
4137:
2673:
1662:
1432:
715:
1137:, written by Mpu Tantular to promotes tolerance between
1455:) is the area which is dedicated to Buddha. While the
1325:
temples can be found in Japanese culture heartland of
1067:
can be found in Indonesia, including the 8th century
823:
Tall circular Buddhist temple, early 1st Century CE,
1819:
Buddhist Architecture, Huu Phuoc Le, Grafikol, 2010
1788:
Buddhist Architecture, Huu Phuoc Le, Grafikol, 2010
1574:and Temple Buildings. Oldest living human-planted
938:Relief of a multi-storied temple, 2nd century CE,
4662:
1710:. Kadampanewyork.org. 1997-08-01. Archived from
1566:. Common features in Sri Lankan temples include
1192:as a shrine is sometimes interchangeable with a
26:, an eighth century Mahayana Buddhist temple in
2003:
663:
2785:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
1188:(small) temples. In Buddhism, the role of a
1760:
1509:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1379:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1238:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
954:Remains of the circular rock-hewn circular
2010:
1996:
1708:"New York Buddhist Temple for World Peace"
992:Buddhism is the second oldest religion in
670:
656:
1725:
1529:Learn how and when to remove this message
1399:Learn how and when to remove this message
1258:Learn how and when to remove this message
1063:in the 7th century. A number of Buddhist
1782:
1540:
1410:
1269:
1100:
976:
858:sculpted on the railing of the stupa at
818:
18:
3972:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
4663:
4175:List of Buddhist architecture in China
1991:
1838:
1558:List of Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka
988:, the world's largest Buddhist temple
702:. They include the structures called
1908:
1845:. Abhinav Publications. p. 39.
1813:
1794:
1507:adding citations to reliable sources
1474:
1377:adding citations to reliable sources
1344:
1236:adding citations to reliable sources
1203:
1028:provinces in Sumatra, as well as in
795:, where it refers to a space with a
1920:Buddha Dharma Education Association
13:
3962:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
1876:
1548:tallest stupa in the ancient world
1459:is the area which is dedicated to
1105:Candi tinggi, a temple within the
870:remains, an almost intact slab of
121:Decline in the Indian subcontinent
116:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
14:
4697:
4643:
4633:
4632:
4190:Thai temple art and architecture
3935:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
2175:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
2041:
2028:
2018:
1765:. Pearson Education. p. 61.
1761:O'Riley, Michael Kampel (2013).
1479:
1423:Thai temple art and architecture
1349:
1208:
947:
931:
919:
891:
637:
56:
2042:
1973:from the original on 2023-08-14
1967:Vihāra Jakarta Dhammacakka Jaya
1955:
1937:
1926:from the original on 2002-02-14
1897:from the original on 2023-10-31
1859:from the original on 2023-10-31
1743:from the original on 2018-10-02
1598:located in Sri Lankan temples.
1125:empire, Buddhism—identified as
746:Architecture of Indic religions
733:
4180:Japanese Buddhist architecture
3982:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
3062:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
2253:Places where the Buddha stayed
1870:
1832:
1769:
1754:
1700:
771:Indian vernacular architecture
1:
4195:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
1693:
1305:A distinctive feature is the
1008:in Indonesia is arguably the
850:had found enlightenment. The
791:. The term is most common in
3952:Buddhism and the Roman world
3928:Decline of Buddhism in India
3923:History of Buddhism in India
2023: Topics in
1733:"Buddhism: Buddhist Worship"
1470:
1133:national motto, coined from
966:
319:Buddhist Paths to liberation
7:
3150:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
2890:
1601:
1340:
1317:. Buddhism co-existed with
767:Ancient Indian architecture
10:
4702:
4100:The unanswerable questions
1551:
1420:
1288:
970:
760:
739:
4628:
4580:
4495:
4410:
4185:Buddhist temples in Korea
4108:
4010:
3893:
3590:
3518:
3345:
3218:
3158:
2793:
2748:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
2659:
2651:Three planes of existence
2599:
2444:
2336:
2266:
2258:Buddha in world religions
2120:
2065:
2037:
1883:. Grafikol. p. 238.
1452:
1296:Japanese Buddhist temples
1291:Buddhist temples in Japan
726:or pure environment of a
16:Buddhist place of worship
3967:Persecution of Buddhists
3188:Four stages of awakening
2569:Three marks of existence
2155:Physical characteristics
1678:List of Buddhist temples
1582:and some of the largest
1313:devoted to the temple's
1199:
1149:, such as the statue of
754:
3330:Ten principal disciples
2213:(aunt, adoptive mother)
1916:"Buddhism in Indonesia"
1586:in the world including
910:, built circa 250 BCE.
866:. From that period the
775:Buddhist caves in India
339:Philosophical reasoning
4040:Buddhism and democracy
3553:Tibetan Buddhist canon
3548:Chinese Buddhist canon
2780:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
2775:Early Buddhist schools
1877:Le, Huu Phuoc (2010).
1549:
1418:
1286:
1110:
989:
827:
106:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
34:
4686:Buddhist architecture
4050:Eight Consciousnesses
2160:Life of Buddha in art
1963:"Replika Candi Pawon"
1880:Buddhist Architecture
1779:, November 1985 pg 61
1688:Aniconism in Buddhism
1683:Buddhist architecture
1554:Buddhism in Sri Lanka
1544:
1414:
1273:
1104:
980:
822:
763:Architecture of India
742:Buddhist architecture
374:Aids to Enlightenment
199:Dependent Origination
22:
4676:Buddhist monasteries
4527:East Asian religions
3957:Buddhism in the West
3528:Early Buddhist texts
3143:Four Right Exertions
2609:Ten spiritual realms
2102:Noble Eightfold Path
1839:Hardy, Adam (1995).
1503:improve this section
1427:Buddhist temples in
1373:improve this section
1298:typically include a
1232:improve this section
1131:Bhinneka Tunggal Ika
1065:historical heritages
344:Devotional practices
167:Noble Eightfold Path
4650:Religion portal
4397:Temple of the Tooth
4276:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
3315:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
2808:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
2591:Two truths doctrine
2411:Mahapajapati Gotamī
2211:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1763:Art Beyond the West
1580:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
1280:World Heritage Site
1274:Buddhist temple of
1162:Indonesian Buddhist
1127:Dharma ri Kasogatan
1006:archaeological site
856:on a 100 BCE relief
698:, the followers of
644:Buddhism portal
517:Buddhism by country
279:Sanskrit literature
4681:Buddhist buildings
4572:Western philosophy
4170:Dzong architecture
3992:Vipassana movement
3987:Buddhist modernism
3415:Emperor Wen of Sui
3183:Pratyekabuddhayāna
3116:Threefold Training
2918:Vipassana movement
2634:Hungry Ghost realm
2454:Avidyā (Ignorance)
2401:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
2150:Great Renunciation
2145:Eight Great Events
2027:
1949:2010-02-12 at the
1826:2023-10-31 at the
1807:2023-07-02 at the
1550:
1419:
1416:Wat Benchamabophit
1287:
1113:During the era of
1111:
1012:stupas complex in
990:
973:Candi of Indonesia
828:
688:Buddhist monastery
131:Buddhist modernism
35:
4658:
4657:
4296:Om mani padme hum
4002:Women in Buddhism
3918:Buddhist councils
3788:Western countries
3576:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
3337:Shaolin Monastery
2914:Samatha-vipassanā
2524:Pratītyasamutpāda
2328:Metteyya/Maitreya
2246:
2238:
2230:
2222:
2214:
2206:
2198:
2075:Four Noble Truths
1596:Abhayagiri vihāra
1539:
1538:
1531:
1409:
1408:
1401:
1323:Japanese Buddhist
1268:
1267:
1260:
680:
679:
162:Four Noble Truths
4693:
4671:Buddhist temples
4648:
4647:
4636:
4635:
4475:Sacred languages
4323:Maya Devi Temple
4286:Mahabodhi Temple
4090:Secular Buddhism
4055:Engaged Buddhism
2895:
2743:Tibetan Buddhism
2694:Vietnamese Thiền
2293:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
2244:
2236:
2228:
2220:
2212:
2204:
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2044:
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1720:
1719:
1704:
1534:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1514:
1483:
1475:
1454:
1404:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1384:
1353:
1345:
1329:, especially in
1263:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1243:
1212:
1204:
1160:In contemporary
1141:(Shivaites) and
1135:Kakawin Sutasoma
951:
935:
923:
900:Mahabodhi Temple
895:
862:, as well as in
846:under which the
836:Mahabodhi Temple
789:Indian religions
692:place of worship
672:
665:
658:
642:
641:
369:Sublime abidings
60:
37:
36:
4701:
4700:
4696:
4695:
4694:
4692:
4691:
4690:
4661:
4660:
4659:
4654:
4642:
4624:
4576:
4491:
4406:
4143:Ordination hall
4104:
4006:
3977:Buddhist crisis
3889:
3586:
3538:Mahayana sutras
3514:
3510:Thích Nhất Hạnh
3341:
3214:
3154:
3104:Bodhisattva vow
2789:
2655:
2595:
2554:Taṇhā (Craving)
2489:Five hindrances
2440:
2332:
2262:
2116:
2061:
2033:
2016:
1986:
1985:
1976:
1974:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1951:Wayback Machine
1944:Depkumham.go.id
1942:
1938:
1929:
1927:
1914:
1913:
1909:
1900:
1898:
1891:
1875:
1871:
1862:
1860:
1853:
1837:
1833:
1828:Wayback Machine
1818:
1814:
1809:Wayback Machine
1799:
1795:
1787:
1783:
1774:
1770:
1759:
1755:
1746:
1744:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1717:
1715:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1696:
1604:
1560:
1535:
1524:
1518:
1515:
1500:
1484:
1473:
1425:
1405:
1394:
1388:
1385:
1370:
1354:
1343:
1293:
1264:
1253:
1247:
1244:
1229:
1213:
1202:
1109:temple compound
975:
969:
962:
952:
943:
936:
927:
924:
915:
896:
834:also built the
777:
757:
748:
740:Main articles:
736:
684:Buddhist temple
676:
636:
629:
628:
519:
509:
508:
459:
449:
448:
414:
404:
403:
309:
299:
298:
269:Mahayana Sutras
249:
239:
238:
179:Five Aggregates
157:
156:
136:
135:
126:Later Buddhists
91:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4699:
4689:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4656:
4655:
4653:
4652:
4640:
4629:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4586:
4584:
4578:
4577:
4575:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4523:
4522:
4517:
4507:
4501:
4499:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4489:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4416:
4414:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4393:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4341:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4299:
4298:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4272:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4210:
4209:
4207:Greco-Buddhist
4199:
4198:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4161:
4160:
4158:Burmese pagoda
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4114:
4112:
4106:
4105:
4103:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4016:
4014:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3948:
3947:
3940:Greco-Buddhism
3937:
3932:
3931:
3930:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3899:
3897:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3887:
3886:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3873:United Kingdom
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3818:Czech Republic
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3778:
3768:
3767:
3766:
3756:
3755:
3754:
3749:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3697:
3692:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3596:
3594:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3584:
3582:Abhidharmadīpa
3579:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3524:
3522:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3500:B. R. Ambedkar
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3420:Songtsen Gampo
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3351:
3349:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3339:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3224:
3222:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3164:
3162:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3152:
3147:
3146:
3145:
3135:
3134:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3099:Eight precepts
3096:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3059:
3058:
3057:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2978:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2887:
2877:
2872:
2870:Five Strengths
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2810:
2805:
2799:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2761:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2665:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2647:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2611:
2605:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2509:Mental factors
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2450:
2448:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2361:Mahamoggallāna
2358:
2353:
2348:
2342:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2284:
2283:
2276:Avalokiteśvara
2272:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2240:
2232:
2224:
2216:
2208:
2200:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2126:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2077:
2071:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2015:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1992:
1984:
1983:
1954:
1936:
1907:
1889:
1869:
1851:
1831:
1812:
1793:
1781:
1768:
1753:
1739:. 2006-04-10.
1724:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1673:Burmese pagoda
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1653:Sri Maha Bodhi
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1608:Gautama Buddha
1603:
1600:
1592:Jetavanaramaya
1546:Jetavanaramaya
1537:
1536:
1487:
1485:
1478:
1472:
1469:
1421:Main article:
1407:
1406:
1357:
1355:
1348:
1342:
1339:
1289:Main article:
1266:
1265:
1216:
1214:
1207:
1201:
1198:
1151:Prajnaparamita
1086:in West Java,
1002:Indian culture
971:Main article:
968:
965:
964:
963:
958:with columns,
953:
946:
944:
937:
930:
928:
925:
918:
916:
904:Diamond throne
897:
890:
868:Diamond throne
825:Mathura Museum
799:and a rounded
756:
753:
735:
732:
678:
677:
675:
674:
667:
660:
652:
649:
648:
647:
646:
631:
630:
627:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
520:
515:
514:
511:
510:
507:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
460:
455:
454:
451:
450:
447:
446:
441:
436:
434:Pratyekabuddha
431:
426:
421:
415:
410:
409:
406:
405:
402:
401:
396:
391:
389:Buddhist chant
386:
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
310:
305:
304:
301:
300:
297:
296:
291:
286:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
250:
247:Buddhist texts
245:
244:
241:
240:
237:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
175:
174:
164:
158:
155:
154:
149:
143:
142:
141:
138:
137:
134:
133:
128:
123:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
92:
87:
86:
83:
82:
81:
80:
75:
70:
62:
61:
53:
52:
46:
45:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4698:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4668:
4666:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4639:
4631:
4630:
4627:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4587:
4585:
4583:
4579:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4512:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4502:
4500:
4498:
4494:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4477:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4415:
4413:
4412:Miscellaneous
4409:
4403:
4402:Vegetarianism
4400:
4398:
4395:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4315:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4297:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4246:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4224:Buddha in art
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4208:
4205:
4204:
4203:
4200:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4159:
4156:
4155:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4120:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4111:
4107:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4013:
4009:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3946:
3943:
3942:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3896:
3892:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3878:United States
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3789:
3786:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3773:
3772:
3769:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3760:
3757:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3705:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3687:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3593:
3589:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3577:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3517:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3435:Padmasambhava
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3352:
3350:
3348:
3347:Major figures
3344:
3338:
3335:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
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1488:This section
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1358:This section
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1327:Kansai region
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1311:Shinto shrine
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1217:This section
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1164:perspective,
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1147:Buddhist arts
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852:Bairat Temple
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399:Vegetarianism
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354:Recollections
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324:Five precepts
322:
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295:
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289:Chinese canon
287:
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284:Tibetan canon
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48:
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39:
38:
33:
29:
25:
21:
4590:Bodhisattvas
4510:Christianity
4505:Baháʼí Faith
4370:Dharmachakra
4360:Prayer wheel
4350:Prayer beads
4122:
4118:Architecture
3997:969 Movement
3781:Saudi Arabia
3759:Central Asia
3752:South Africa
3574:
3557:
3490:Panchen Lama
3395:Buddhapālita
2991:Satipatthana
2986:Mindful Yoga
2899:Recollection
2813:Brahmavihara
2684:Japanese Zen
2679:Chinese Chan
2639:Animal realm
2446:Key concepts
2268:Bodhisattvas
2080:Three Jewels
1975:. Retrieved
1966:
1957:
1939:
1928:. Retrieved
1919:
1910:
1899:. Retrieved
1879:
1872:
1861:. Retrieved
1841:
1834:
1815:
1796:
1784:
1777:Orientations
1776:
1771:
1762:
1756:
1745:. Retrieved
1736:
1727:
1716:. Retrieved
1712:the original
1702:
1561:
1525:
1516:
1501:Please help
1489:
1456:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1426:
1395:
1386:
1371:Please help
1359:
1304:
1294:
1254:
1245:
1230:Please help
1218:
1189:
1185:
1171:
1165:
1159:
1126:
1112:
1096:Bahal temple
1080:Central Java
1050:
991:
986:Central Java
829:
782:
778:
758:
749:
737:
734:Architecture
683:
681:
349:Merit making
314:Three Jewels
254:Buddhavacana
184:Impermanence
172:Dharma wheel
28:Central Java
4435:Dharma talk
4264:Asalha Puja
4060:Eschatology
3863:Switzerland
3843:New Zealand
3771:Middle East
3680:Philippines
3600:Afghanistan
3405:Bodhidharma
3390:Buddhaghosa
3310:Householder
3220:Monasticism
3173:Bodhisattva
3028:Prostration
2981:Mindfulness
2909:Anapanasati
2892:Kammaṭṭhāna
2689:Korean Seon
2629:Asura realm
2624:Human realm
2564:Ten Fetters
2519:Parinirvana
2421:Uppalavanna
2386:Mahākaccana
2371:Mahākassapa
2303:Kṣitigarbha
2298:Ākāśagarbha
2195:Suddhodāna
2140:Four sights
2067:Foundations
1821:p. 233–237.
1519:August 2024
1467:community.
1389:August 2024
1248:August 2024
1107:Muaro Jambi
1092:Muara Takus
1088:Muaro Jambi
960:Tulja Caves
880:Tulja Caves
810:Karla caves
584:New Zealand
439:Bodhisattva
424:Four Stages
379:Monasticism
359:Mindfulness
329:Perfections
259:Early Texts
4665:Categories
4552:Psychology
4532:Gnosticism
4520:Comparison
4515:Influences
4497:Comparison
4380:Bhavacakra
4338:Kushinagar
4313:Pilgrimage
4259:Māgha Pūjā
4214:Bodhi Tree
4030:Buddhology
4020:Abhidharma
4012:Philosophy
3945:Menander I
3813:Costa Rica
3764:Uzbekistan
3605:Bangladesh
3559:Dhammapada
3543:Pali Canon
3505:Ajahn Chah
3485:Dalai Lama
3385:Kumārajīva
3380:Vasubandhu
3355:The Buddha
3263:Zen master
3198:Sakadagami
3178:Buddhahood
3109:Pratimokṣa
2924:Shikantaza
2880:Meditation
2855:Deity yoga
2726:Madhyamaka
2619:Deva realm
2514:Mindstream
2464:Bodhicitta
2376:Aṅgulimāla
2243:Devadatta
2219:Yaśodharā
2122:The Buddha
2112:Middle Way
1977:2020-10-31
1930:2006-10-03
1901:2019-11-11
1863:2019-11-11
1747:2017-03-06
1718:2012-06-20
1694:References
1638:Pāli Canon
1576:Bodhi Tree
1552:See also:
1457:Sangkhawat
1445:Phutthawat
1441:Sangkhawat
1437:Phutthawat
1276:Kinkaku-ji
1119:Singhasari
1078:temple in
940:Ghantasala
884:Guntupalli
876:Bodhi tree
844:Bodhi tree
761:See also:
457:Traditions
394:Pilgrimage
334:Meditation
294:Post-canon
274:Pāli Canon
204:Middle Way
101:The Buddha
4620:Festivals
4600:Buddhists
4562:Theosophy
4365:Symbolism
4355:Hama yumi
4328:Bodh Gaya
4095:Socialism
4070:Evolution
4045:Economics
3883:Venezuela
3798:Australia
3793:Argentina
3717:Sri Lanka
3712:Singapore
3630:Indonesia
3592:Countries
3533:Tripiṭaka
3495:Ajahn Mun
3370:Nagarjuna
3365:Aśvaghoṣa
3248:Anagārika
3243:Śrāmaṇerī
3238:Śrāmaṇera
3233:Bhikkhunī
3193:Sotāpanna
3082:Passaddhi
3023:Offerings
2998:Nekkhamma
2875:Iddhipada
2795:Practices
2765:Theravada
2738:Vajrayana
2731:Yogachara
2701:Pure Land
2614:Six Paths
2601:Cosmology
2381:Anuruddha
2356:Sāriputta
2346:Kaundinya
2338:Disciples
2313:Vajrapāṇi
2165:Footprint
2130:Tathāgata
1564:Sinhalese
1490:does not
1471:Sri Lanka
1463:Buddhist
1360:does not
1307:chinjusha
1300:Main Hall
1219:does not
1143:Buddhists
1123:Majapahit
1069:Borobudur
1059:based on
1057:Srivijaya
1048:empires.
1046:Srivijaya
1038:Sailendra
1034:East Java
1022:Palembang
994:Indonesia
982:Borobudur
967:Indonesia
908:Bodh Gaya
898:Ashoka's
872:sandstone
840:Bodh Gaya
724:pure land
696:Buddhists
604:Sri Lanka
594:Singapore
549:Indonesia
489:Vajrayāna
464:Theravāda
419:Awakening
307:Practices
264:Tripiṭaka
234:Cosmology
209:Emptiness
189:Suffering
32:Indonesia
4638:Category
4567:Violence
4537:Hinduism
4485:Sanskrit
4440:Hinayana
4425:Amitābha
4385:Swastika
4254:Uposatha
4244:Holidays
4229:Calendar
4075:Humanism
3913:Kanishka
3903:Timeline
3727:Thailand
3695:Kalmykia
3690:Buryatia
3675:Pakistan
3660:Mongolia
3655:Maldives
3650:Malaysia
3615:Cambodia
3480:Shamarpa
3475:Nichiren
3425:Xuanzang
3360:Nagasena
3278:Rinpoche
3008:Pāramitā
2850:Devotion
2770:Navayana
2758:Dzogchen
2721:Nichiren
2669:Mahayana
2661:Branches
2539:Saṅkhāra
2288:Mañjuśrī
2245:(cousin)
2237:(cousin)
2205:(mother)
2197:(father)
2185:Miracles
2135:Birthday
2052:Glossary
2025:Buddhism
1971:Archived
1947:Archived
1924:Archived
1922:. 2005.
1895:Archived
1857:Archived
1824:Archived
1805:Archived
1741:Archived
1643:Uposatha
1602:See also
1465:monastic
1453:พุทธาวาส
1439:and the
1429:Thailand
1341:Thailand
1157:temple.
1084:Batujaya
1014:Karawang
1010:Batujaya
998:Hinduism
808:, as in
806:rock-cut
793:Buddhism
700:Buddhism
614:Thailand
574:Mongolia
569:Malaysia
534:Cambodia
499:Navayana
479:Hinayana
474:Mahāyāna
384:Lay life
214:Morality
194:Not-self
152:Concepts
111:Councils
96:Timeline
68:Glossary
50:Buddhism
42:a series
40:Part of
4615:Temples
4595:Buddhas
4557:Science
4547:Judaism
4542:Jainism
4460:Lineage
4420:Abhijñā
4390:Thangka
4333:Sarnath
4318:Lumbini
4239:Funeral
4234:Cuisine
4110:Culture
4085:Reality
4035:Creator
4025:Atomism
3895:History
3868:Ukraine
3828:Germany
3747:Senegal
3737:Vietnam
3665:Myanmar
3465:Shinran
3455:Karmapa
3430:Shandao
3400:Dignāga
3325:Śrāvaka
3305:Donchee
3300:Kappiya
3258:Sayadaw
3228:Bhikkhu
3203:Anāgāmi
3160:Nirvana
3126:Samadhi
3013:Paritta
2954:Tonglen
2949:Mandala
2904:Smarana
2885:Mantras
2833:Upekkha
2803:Bhavana
2753:Shingon
2706:Tiantai
2559:Tathātā
2549:Śūnyatā
2544:Skandha
2534:Saṃsāra
2529:Rebirth
2504:Kleshas
2494:Indriya
2396:Subhūti
2281:Guanyin
2235:Ānanda
2227:Rāhula
2107:Nirvana
2047:Outline
1802:p.570ff
1613:Dambana
1572:Bo Tree
1511:removed
1496:sources
1381:removed
1366:sources
1240:removed
1225:sources
1186:perwara
1182:Plaosan
1173:viharas
1072:mandala
1061:Sumatra
1053:I-tsing
1042:Mataram
1030:Central
956:Chaitya
912:Bharhut
860:Bhārhut
785:Chaitya
708:chaitya
690:is the
624:Vietnam
579:Myanmar
494:Tibetan
484:Chinese
412:Nirvāṇa
229:Saṃsāra
224:Rebirth
89:History
78:Outline
4610:Sutras
4605:Suttas
4470:Siddhi
4455:Koliya
4430:Brahmā
4345:Poetry
4291:Mantra
4281:Kasaya
4153:Pagoda
4133:Kyaung
4128:Vihāra
4123:Temple
4065:Ethics
3908:Ashoka
3858:Sweden
3853:Poland
3848:Norway
3838:Mexico
3823:France
3808:Canada
3803:Brazil
3742:Africa
3722:Taiwan
3685:Russia
3610:Bhutan
3570:Vinaya
3450:Naropa
3440:Saraha
3375:Asanga
3131:Prajñā
3040:Refuge
3003:Nianfo
2964:Tertön
2959:Tantra
2944:Ganana
2934:Tukdam
2860:Dhyāna
2828:Mudita
2823:Karuṇā
2716:Risshū
2711:Huayan
2644:Naraka
2584:Anattā
2579:Dukkha
2574:Anicca
2479:Dharma
2431:Channa
2366:Ānanda
2351:Assaji
2318:Skanda
2221:(wife)
2190:Family
2170:Relics
2095:Sangha
2090:Dharma
2085:Buddha
1887:
1849:
1668:Kyaung
1658:Vihara
1648:Cetiya
1623:Sangha
1618:Dhamma
1461:Sangha
1443:. The
1319:Shinto
1284:UNESCO
1155:Mendut
1139:Hindus
1115:Kediri
996:after
914:frieze
864:Sanchi
848:Buddha
832:Ashoka
814:Ajanta
780:wall.
773:, and
728:Buddha
720:pagoda
704:vihara
609:Taiwan
589:Russia
529:Brazil
524:Bhutan
444:Buddha
364:Wisdom
147:Dharma
4582:Lists
4450:Kalpa
4445:Iddhi
4308:Music
4303:Mudra
4269:Vassa
4249:Vesak
4219:Budai
4165:Candi
4148:Stupa
4080:Logic
3833:Italy
3732:Tibet
3670:Nepal
3640:Korea
3635:Japan
3625:India
3620:China
3565:Sutra
3520:Texts
3470:Dōgen
3460:Hōnen
3445:Atiśa
3410:Zhiyi
3320:Achar
3288:Tulku
3283:Geshe
3268:Rōshi
3253:Ajahn
3208:Arhat
3168:Bodhi
3138:Vīrya
3055:Sacca
3050:Satya
3045:Sādhu
3033:Music
2976:Merit
2969:Terma
2929:Zazen
2865:Faith
2818:Mettā
2499:Karma
2459:Bardo
2426:Asita
2416:Khema
2406:Upāli
2391:Nanda
2229:(son)
2203:Māyā
2180:Films
2057:Index
1790:p.240
1584:Stupa
1568:Stupa
1335:Kyoto
1200:Japan
1194:stupa
1190:candi
1178:Pawon
1167:Candi
1018:Jambi
942:Stupa
797:stupa
755:India
712:stupa
619:Tibet
559:Korea
554:Japan
544:India
539:China
504:Newar
429:Arhat
219:Karma
73:Index
4480:Pāḷi
4465:Māra
4375:Flag
3776:Iran
3700:Tuva
3645:Laos
3273:Lama
3121:Śīla
3089:Śīla
3077:Pīti
3067:Sati
3018:Puja
2939:Koan
2845:Dāna
2436:Yasa
2323:Tārā
1885:ISBN
1847:ISBN
1594:and
1556:and
1494:any
1492:cite
1449:Thai
1364:any
1362:cite
1333:and
1331:Nara
1315:kami
1309:, a
1223:any
1221:cite
1180:and
1121:and
1094:and
1076:Sewu
1044:and
1032:and
1026:Riau
1024:and
902:and
801:apse
744:and
718:and
694:for
564:Laos
469:Pāli
24:Sewu
4202:Art
4138:Wat
2674:Zen
1737:BBC
1663:Wat
1505:by
1433:wat
1375:by
1282:by
1234:by
1184:'s
984:in
906:in
882:or
838:in
812:or
716:wat
686:or
4667::
3704:ru
1969:.
1965:.
1918:.
1893:.
1855:.
1735:.
1590:,
1570:,
1451::
1337:.
1302:.
1117:,
1090:,
1082:,
1020:,
886:.
816:.
783:A
769:,
765:,
714:,
710:,
706:,
682:A
599:US
44:on
30:,
3706:)
3702:(
2920:)
2916:(
2011:e
2004:t
1997:v
1980:.
1933:.
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1866:.
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1721:.
1532:)
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657:v
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