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31:
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The design of temples in India was influenced by the idea of a place of worship as a representation of the universe. For
Buddhist temple complexes one tall temple is often centrally located and surrounded by smaller temples and walls. This center surrounded by oceans, lesser mountains and a huge
761:
Its architecture and structure varies from region to region. Usually, the temple consists not only of its buildings, but also the surrounding environment. The
Buddhist temples are designed to symbolize five elements: fire, air, water, earth and void (space).
814:
at the end opposite the entrance, and a high roof with a rounded profile. Strictly speaking, the chaitya is the stupa itself, and the Indian buildings are chaitya halls, but this distinction is often not observed. Many of the early
Chaitya were
1140:—was acknowledged as one of kingdom's official religions along with Hinduism. Although some of kings might favour Hinduism over another, nevertheless the harmony, toleration and even syncretism were promoted as manifested in
903:
1027:, West Java. The oldest relic in Batujaya was estimated to originate from the 2nd century, while the latest dated from the 12th century. Subsequently, significant numbers of Buddhist sites were found in
866:
943:
931:
1011:, which arrived from India around the second century. The history of Buddhism in Indonesia is closely related to the history of Hinduism, as a number of empires influenced by
1905:
1834:
1867:
959:
1981:
830:
2795:
3710:
2185:
1751:
1446:, from the Pāḷi vāṭa, meaning "enclosure". Wat architecture adheres to consistent principles. A wat, with few exceptions, consists of two parts: the
3714:
3938:
131:
1934:
2155:
1815:
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1998:
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is also a round structure, which can be seen through archaeological remains. Representations of this early temple structure are found
2020:
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3982:
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in
Indonesia for example, contain the actual-size replica or reconstruction of famous Buddhist temples, such as the replica of
894:
1568:
1332:, but in the 8th century Buddhism became the state religion and Buddhist temples were built. High concentration of important
1811:
A Global
History of Architecture, Francis D. K. Ching, Mark M. Jarzombek, Vikramaditya Prakash, John Wiley & Sons, 2017
1047:. The Indonesian archipelago has, over the centuries, witnessed the rise and fall of powerful Buddhist empires, such as the
2348:
2190:
1281:
4525:
4422:
3972:
2067:
680:
126:
83:
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1973:
1899:
1861:
1539:
1409:
1268:
4515:
1786:"Sowing the Seeds of the Lotus: A Journey to the Great Pilgrimage Sites of Buddhism, Part I" by John C. Huntington.
1521:
1391:
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in
Sumatra, and numerous of statues or inscriptions from the earlier history of Indonesian Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms.
4200:
3945:
1718:
1513:
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1383:
1242:
17:
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4582:
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1207:, a domed structure to store Buddhist relics or the ashes of cremated Buddhist priests, patrons or benefactors.
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2401:
1517:
1387:
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781:
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2013:
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609:
304:
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816:
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329:
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Indian Temple
Architecture: Form and Transformation: the Karṇāṭa Drāviḍa Tradition, 7th to 13th Centuries
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1156:. The classical era of ancient Java also had produces some of the exquisite examples of
798:, Chaitya hall or Chaitya-griha refers to a shrine, sanctuary, temple or prayer hall in
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and the statue of Buddha
Vairochana and Boddhisttva Padmapani and Vajrapani in
1161:
1063:
1052:
1012:
914:
889:. These circular-type temples were also found in later rock-hewn caves such as
878:
835:
514:
444:
399:
257:
741:. Traditional Buddhist temples are designed to inspire inner and outer peace.
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4385:
4234:
3543:
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3104:
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3018:
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2484:
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2371:
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1598:
1459:
1337:
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1321:
862:
841:
Some of the earliest free-standing temples may have been of a circular type.
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on his pilgrim journey to India, witnessed the powerful maritime empire of
996:
824:
379:
264:
182:
68:
38:
3258:
3243:
3203:
2900:
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2140:
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3415:
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3183:
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1722:
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decorated with reliefs, which Ashoka had established at the foot of the
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1573:
Buddhist temples in Sri Lanla are known as 'Pansala' or 'Viharaya' in
733:
in different regions and languages. Temples in
Buddhism represent the
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474:
42:
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3253:
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2780:
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2679:
2338:
2035:
1653:
1439:
1153:
1024:
1020:
803:
710:
706:
509:
489:
484:
364:
60:
3480:
3470:
3455:
3278:
3148:
2416:
4400:
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4328:
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3465:
3440:
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3238:
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3136:
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2813:
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2117:
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922:
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795:
718:
189:
3087:
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refers to a shrine, either ancient or new. Several contemporary
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Bodhi tree temple depicted in Sanchi, Stupa 1, Southern gateway
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1204:
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were established around the same period. The oldest
Buddhist
853:
circa 250 BCE, a circular structure, in order to protect the
807:
722:
439:
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3283:
2949:
2446:
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811:
34:
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According to some Chinese source, a Chinese Buddhist monk
4148:
2684:
1673:
1443:
726:
1148:, written by Mpu Tantular to promotes tolerance between
1466:) is the area which is dedicated to Buddha. While the
1336:
temples can be found in Japanese culture heartland of
1078:
can be found in Indonesia, including the 8th century
834:
Tall circular Buddhist temple, early 1st Century CE,
1830:
Buddhist Architecture, Huu Phuoc Le, Grafikol, 2010
1799:
Buddhist Architecture, Huu Phuoc Le, Grafikol, 2010
1585:and Temple Buildings. Oldest living human-planted
949:Relief of a multi-storied temple, 2nd century CE,
4673:
1721:. Kadampanewyork.org. 1997-08-01. Archived from
1577:. Common features in Sri Lankan temples include
1203:as a shrine is sometimes interchangeable with a
37:, an eighth century Mahayana Buddhist temple in
2014:
674:
2796:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
1199:(small) temples. In Buddhism, the role of a
1771:
1520:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1390:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1249:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
965:Remains of the circular rock-hewn circular
2021:
2007:
1719:"New York Buddhist Temple for World Peace"
1003:Buddhism is the second oldest religion in
681:
667:
1736:
1540:Learn how and when to remove this message
1410:Learn how and when to remove this message
1269:Learn how and when to remove this message
1074:in the 7th century. A number of Buddhist
1793:
1551:
1421:
1280:
1111:
987:
869:sculpted on the railing of the stupa at
829:
29:
3983:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
14:
4674:
4186:List of Buddhist architecture in China
2002:
1849:
1569:List of Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka
999:, the world's largest Buddhist temple
713:. They include the structures called
1919:
1856:. Abhinav Publications. p. 39.
1824:
1805:
1518:adding citations to reliable sources
1485:
1388:adding citations to reliable sources
1355:
1247:adding citations to reliable sources
1214:
1039:provinces in Sumatra, as well as in
806:, where it refers to a space with a
1931:Buddha Dharma Education Association
24:
3973:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
1887:
1559:tallest stupa in the ancient world
1470:is the area which is dedicated to
1116:Candi tinggi, a temple within the
881:remains, an almost intact slab of
132:Decline in the Indian subcontinent
127:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
25:
4708:
4654:
4644:
4643:
4201:Thai temple art and architecture
3946:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
2186:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
2052:
2039:
2029:
1776:. Pearson Education. p. 61.
1772:O'Riley, Michael Kampel (2013).
1490:
1434:Thai temple art and architecture
1360:
1219:
958:
942:
930:
902:
648:
67:
2053:
1984:from the original on 2023-08-14
1978:Vihāra Jakarta Dhammacakka Jaya
1966:
1948:
1937:from the original on 2002-02-14
1908:from the original on 2023-10-31
1870:from the original on 2023-10-31
1754:from the original on 2018-10-02
1609:located in Sri Lankan temples.
1136:empire, Buddhism—identified as
757:Architecture of Indic religions
744:
4191:Japanese Buddhist architecture
3993:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
3073:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
2264:Places where the Buddha stayed
1881:
1843:
1780:
1765:
1711:
782:Indian vernacular architecture
13:
1:
4206:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
1704:
1316:A distinctive feature is the
1019:in Indonesia is arguably the
861:had found enlightenment. The
802:. The term is most common in
3963:Buddhism and the Roman world
3939:Decline of Buddhism in India
3934:History of Buddhism in India
2034: Topics in
1744:"Buddhism: Buddhist Worship"
1481:
1144:national motto, coined from
977:
330:Buddhist Paths to liberation
7:
3161:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
2901:
1612:
1351:
1328:. Buddhism co-existed with
778:Ancient Indian architecture
10:
4713:
4111:The unanswerable questions
1562:
1431:
1299:
981:
771:
750:
4639:
4591:
4506:
4421:
4196:Buddhist temples in Korea
4119:
4021:
3904:
3601:
3529:
3356:
3229:
3169:
2804:
2759:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
2670:
2662:Three planes of existence
2610:
2455:
2347:
2277:
2269:Buddha in world religions
2131:
2076:
2048:
1894:. Grafikol. p. 238.
1463:
1307:Japanese Buddhist temples
1302:Buddhist temples in Japan
737:or pure environment of a
27:Buddhist place of worship
3978:Persecution of Buddhists
3199:Four stages of awakening
2580:Three marks of existence
2166:Physical characteristics
1689:List of Buddhist temples
1593:and some of the largest
1324:devoted to the temple's
1210:
1160:, such as the statue of
765:
3341:Ten principal disciples
2224:(aunt, adoptive mother)
1927:"Buddhism in Indonesia"
1597:in the world including
921:, built circa 250 BCE.
877:. From that period the
786:Buddhist caves in India
350:Philosophical reasoning
4051:Buddhism and democracy
3564:Tibetan Buddhist canon
3559:Chinese Buddhist canon
2791:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
2786:Early Buddhist schools
1888:Le, Huu Phuoc (2010).
1560:
1429:
1297:
1121:
1000:
838:
117:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
45:
4697:Buddhist architecture
4061:Eight Consciousnesses
2171:Life of Buddha in art
1974:"Replika Candi Pawon"
1891:Buddhist Architecture
1790:, November 1985 pg 61
1699:Aniconism in Buddhism
1694:Buddhist architecture
1565:Buddhism in Sri Lanka
1555:
1425:
1284:
1115:
991:
833:
774:Architecture of India
753:Buddhist architecture
385:Aids to Enlightenment
210:Dependent Origination
33:
4687:Buddhist monasteries
4538:East Asian religions
3968:Buddhism in the West
3539:Early Buddhist texts
3154:Four Right Exertions
2620:Ten spiritual realms
2113:Noble Eightfold Path
1850:Hardy, Adam (1995).
1514:improve this section
1438:Buddhist temples in
1384:improve this section
1309:typically include a
1243:improve this section
1142:Bhinneka Tunggal Ika
1076:historical heritages
355:Devotional practices
178:Noble Eightfold Path
4661:Religion portal
4408:Temple of the Tooth
4287:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
3326:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
2819:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
2602:Two truths doctrine
2422:Mahapajapati Gotamī
2222:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1774:Art Beyond the West
1591:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
1291:World Heritage Site
1285:Buddhist temple of
1173:Indonesian Buddhist
1138:Dharma ri Kasogatan
1017:archaeological site
867:on a 100 BCE relief
709:, the followers of
655:Buddhism portal
528:Buddhism by country
290:Sanskrit literature
4692:Buddhist buildings
4583:Western philosophy
4181:Dzong architecture
4003:Vipassana movement
3998:Buddhist modernism
3426:Emperor Wen of Sui
3194:Pratyekabuddhayāna
3127:Threefold Training
2929:Vipassana movement
2645:Hungry Ghost realm
2465:Avidyā (Ignorance)
2412:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
2161:Great Renunciation
2156:Eight Great Events
2038:
1960:2010-02-12 at the
1837:2023-10-31 at the
1818:2023-07-02 at the
1561:
1430:
1427:Wat Benchamabophit
1298:
1124:During the era of
1122:
1023:stupas complex in
1001:
984:Candi of Indonesia
839:
699:Buddhist monastery
142:Buddhist modernism
46:
4669:
4668:
4307:Om mani padme hum
4013:Women in Buddhism
3929:Buddhist councils
3799:Western countries
3587:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
3348:Shaolin Monastery
2925:Samatha-vipassanā
2535:Pratītyasamutpāda
2339:Metteyya/Maitreya
2257:
2249:
2241:
2233:
2225:
2217:
2209:
2086:Four Noble Truths
1607:Abhayagiri vihāra
1550:
1549:
1542:
1420:
1419:
1412:
1334:Japanese Buddhist
1279:
1278:
1271:
691:
690:
173:Four Noble Truths
16:(Redirected from
4704:
4682:Buddhist temples
4659:
4658:
4647:
4646:
4486:Sacred languages
4334:Maya Devi Temple
4297:Mahabodhi Temple
4101:Secular Buddhism
4066:Engaged Buddhism
2906:
2754:Tibetan Buddhism
2705:Vietnamese Thiền
2304:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
2255:
2247:
2239:
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2016:
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1759:
1740:
1734:
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1715:
1545:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1525:
1494:
1486:
1465:
1415:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1395:
1364:
1356:
1340:, especially in
1274:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1254:
1223:
1215:
1171:In contemporary
1152:(Shivaites) and
1146:Kakawin Sutasoma
962:
946:
934:
911:Mahabodhi Temple
906:
873:, as well as in
857:under which the
847:Mahabodhi Temple
800:Indian religions
703:place of worship
683:
676:
669:
653:
652:
380:Sublime abidings
71:
48:
47:
21:
18:Buddhist temples
4712:
4711:
4707:
4706:
4705:
4703:
4702:
4701:
4672:
4671:
4670:
4665:
4653:
4635:
4587:
4502:
4417:
4154:Ordination hall
4115:
4017:
3988:Buddhist crisis
3900:
3597:
3549:Mahayana sutras
3525:
3521:Thích Nhất Hạnh
3352:
3225:
3165:
3115:Bodhisattva vow
2800:
2666:
2606:
2565:Taṇhā (Craving)
2500:Five hindrances
2451:
2343:
2273:
2127:
2072:
2044:
2027:
1997:
1996:
1987:
1985:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1962:Wayback Machine
1955:Depkumham.go.id
1953:
1949:
1940:
1938:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1911:
1909:
1902:
1886:
1882:
1873:
1871:
1864:
1848:
1844:
1839:Wayback Machine
1829:
1825:
1820:Wayback Machine
1810:
1806:
1798:
1794:
1785:
1781:
1770:
1766:
1757:
1755:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1728:
1726:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1707:
1615:
1571:
1546:
1535:
1529:
1526:
1511:
1495:
1484:
1436:
1416:
1405:
1399:
1396:
1381:
1365:
1354:
1304:
1275:
1264:
1258:
1255:
1240:
1224:
1213:
1120:temple compound
986:
980:
973:
963:
954:
947:
938:
935:
926:
907:
845:also built the
788:
768:
759:
751:Main articles:
747:
695:Buddhist temple
687:
647:
640:
639:
530:
520:
519:
470:
460:
459:
425:
415:
414:
320:
310:
309:
280:Mahayana Sutras
260:
250:
249:
190:Five Aggregates
168:
167:
147:
146:
137:Later Buddhists
102:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4710:
4700:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4651:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4597:
4595:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4534:
4533:
4528:
4518:
4512:
4510:
4504:
4503:
4501:
4500:
4499:
4498:
4493:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4427:
4425:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4404:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4352:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4310:
4309:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4283:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4221:
4220:
4218:Greco-Buddhist
4210:
4209:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4172:
4171:
4169:Burmese pagoda
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4125:
4123:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4027:
4025:
4019:
4018:
4016:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3959:
3958:
3951:Greco-Buddhism
3948:
3943:
3942:
3941:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3910:
3908:
3902:
3901:
3899:
3898:
3897:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3884:United Kingdom
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3829:Czech Republic
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3796:
3795:
3794:
3789:
3779:
3778:
3777:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3760:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3719:
3718:
3708:
3703:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3607:
3605:
3599:
3598:
3596:
3595:
3593:Abhidharmadīpa
3590:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3535:
3533:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3511:B. R. Ambedkar
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3431:Songtsen Gampo
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3362:
3360:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3350:
3345:
3344:
3343:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3235:
3233:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3223:
3222:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3175:
3173:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3146:
3145:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3110:Eight precepts
3107:
3097:
3096:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3070:
3069:
3068:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3047:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3005:
3004:
2999:
2989:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2898:
2888:
2883:
2881:Five Strengths
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2821:
2816:
2810:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2746:
2745:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2676:
2674:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2664:
2659:
2658:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2622:
2616:
2614:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2604:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2520:Mental factors
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2461:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2372:Mahamoggallāna
2369:
2364:
2359:
2353:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2295:
2294:
2287:Avalokiteśvara
2283:
2281:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2251:
2243:
2235:
2227:
2219:
2211:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2137:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2088:
2082:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2026:
2025:
2018:
2011:
2003:
1995:
1994:
1965:
1947:
1918:
1900:
1880:
1862:
1842:
1823:
1804:
1792:
1779:
1764:
1750:. 2006-04-10.
1735:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1684:Burmese pagoda
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1664:Sri Maha Bodhi
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1619:Gautama Buddha
1614:
1611:
1603:Jetavanaramaya
1557:Jetavanaramaya
1548:
1547:
1498:
1496:
1489:
1483:
1480:
1432:Main article:
1418:
1417:
1368:
1366:
1359:
1353:
1350:
1300:Main article:
1277:
1276:
1227:
1225:
1218:
1212:
1209:
1162:Prajnaparamita
1097:in West Java,
1013:Indian culture
982:Main article:
979:
976:
975:
974:
969:with columns,
964:
957:
955:
948:
941:
939:
936:
929:
927:
915:Diamond throne
908:
901:
879:Diamond throne
836:Mathura Museum
810:and a rounded
767:
764:
746:
743:
689:
688:
686:
685:
678:
671:
663:
660:
659:
658:
657:
642:
641:
638:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
531:
526:
525:
522:
521:
518:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
471:
466:
465:
462:
461:
458:
457:
452:
447:
445:Pratyekabuddha
442:
437:
432:
426:
421:
420:
417:
416:
413:
412:
407:
402:
400:Buddhist chant
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
327:
321:
316:
315:
312:
311:
308:
307:
302:
297:
292:
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
261:
258:Buddhist texts
256:
255:
252:
251:
248:
247:
242:
237:
232:
227:
222:
217:
212:
207:
202:
197:
192:
187:
186:
185:
175:
169:
166:
165:
160:
154:
153:
152:
149:
148:
145:
144:
139:
134:
129:
124:
119:
114:
109:
103:
98:
97:
94:
93:
92:
91:
86:
81:
73:
72:
64:
63:
57:
56:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4709:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4679:
4677:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4650:
4642:
4641:
4638:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4594:
4590:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4523:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4509:
4505:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4488:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4428:
4426:
4424:
4423:Miscellaneous
4420:
4414:
4413:Vegetarianism
4411:
4409:
4406:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4378:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4308:
4305:
4304:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4235:Buddha in art
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4219:
4216:
4215:
4214:
4211:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4170:
4167:
4166:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4131:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4122:
4118:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4024:
4020:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3903:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3889:United States
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3800:
3797:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3780:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3771:
3768:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3716:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3600:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3528:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3446:Padmasambhava
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3359:
3358:Major figures
3355:
3349:
3346:
3342:
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1499:This section
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1369:This section
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1338:Kansai region
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1175:perspective,
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1158:Buddhist arts
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863:Bairat Temple
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410:Vegetarianism
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365:Recollections
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335:Five precepts
333:
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306:
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300:Chinese canon
298:
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295:Tibetan canon
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40:
36:
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19:
4601:Bodhisattvas
4521:Christianity
4516:Baháʼí Faith
4381:Dharmachakra
4371:Prayer wheel
4361:Prayer beads
4133:
4129:Architecture
4008:969 Movement
3792:Saudi Arabia
3770:Central Asia
3763:South Africa
3585:
3568:
3501:Panchen Lama
3406:Buddhapālita
3002:Satipatthana
2997:Mindful Yoga
2910:Recollection
2824:Brahmavihara
2695:Japanese Zen
2690:Chinese Chan
2650:Animal realm
2457:Key concepts
2279:Bodhisattvas
2091:Three Jewels
1986:. Retrieved
1977:
1968:
1950:
1939:. Retrieved
1930:
1921:
1910:. Retrieved
1890:
1883:
1872:. Retrieved
1852:
1845:
1826:
1807:
1795:
1788:Orientations
1787:
1782:
1773:
1767:
1756:. Retrieved
1747:
1738:
1727:. Retrieved
1723:the original
1713:
1572:
1536:
1527:
1512:Please help
1500:
1467:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1437:
1406:
1397:
1382:Please help
1370:
1315:
1305:
1265:
1256:
1241:Please help
1229:
1200:
1196:
1182:
1176:
1170:
1137:
1123:
1107:Bahal temple
1091:Central Java
1061:
1002:
997:Central Java
840:
793:
789:
769:
760:
748:
745:Architecture
694:
692:
360:Merit making
325:Three Jewels
265:Buddhavacana
195:Impermanence
183:Dharma wheel
39:Central Java
4446:Dharma talk
4275:Asalha Puja
4071:Eschatology
3874:Switzerland
3854:New Zealand
3782:Middle East
3691:Philippines
3611:Afghanistan
3416:Bodhidharma
3401:Buddhaghosa
3321:Householder
3231:Monasticism
3184:Bodhisattva
3039:Prostration
2992:Mindfulness
2920:Anapanasati
2903:Kammaṭṭhāna
2700:Korean Seon
2640:Asura realm
2635:Human realm
2575:Ten Fetters
2530:Parinirvana
2432:Uppalavanna
2397:Mahākaccana
2382:Mahākassapa
2314:Kṣitigarbha
2309:Ākāśagarbha
2206:Suddhodāna
2151:Four sights
2078:Foundations
1832:p. 233–237.
1530:August 2024
1478:community.
1400:August 2024
1259:August 2024
1118:Muaro Jambi
1103:Muara Takus
1099:Muaro Jambi
971:Tulja Caves
891:Tulja Caves
821:Karla caves
595:New Zealand
450:Bodhisattva
435:Four Stages
390:Monasticism
370:Mindfulness
340:Perfections
270:Early Texts
4676:Categories
4563:Psychology
4543:Gnosticism
4531:Comparison
4526:Influences
4508:Comparison
4391:Bhavacakra
4349:Kushinagar
4324:Pilgrimage
4270:Māgha Pūjā
4225:Bodhi Tree
4041:Buddhology
4031:Abhidharma
4023:Philosophy
3956:Menander I
3824:Costa Rica
3775:Uzbekistan
3616:Bangladesh
3570:Dhammapada
3554:Pali Canon
3516:Ajahn Chah
3496:Dalai Lama
3396:Kumārajīva
3391:Vasubandhu
3366:The Buddha
3274:Zen master
3209:Sakadagami
3189:Buddhahood
3120:Pratimokṣa
2935:Shikantaza
2891:Meditation
2866:Deity yoga
2737:Madhyamaka
2630:Deva realm
2525:Mindstream
2475:Bodhicitta
2387:Aṅgulimāla
2254:Devadatta
2230:Yaśodharā
2133:The Buddha
2123:Middle Way
1988:2020-10-31
1941:2006-10-03
1912:2019-11-11
1874:2019-11-11
1758:2017-03-06
1729:2012-06-20
1705:References
1649:Pāli Canon
1587:Bodhi Tree
1563:See also:
1468:Sangkhawat
1456:Phutthawat
1452:Sangkhawat
1448:Phutthawat
1287:Kinkaku-ji
1130:Singhasari
1089:temple in
951:Ghantasala
895:Guntupalli
887:Bodhi tree
855:Bodhi tree
772:See also:
468:Traditions
405:Pilgrimage
345:Meditation
305:Post-canon
285:Pāli Canon
215:Middle Way
112:The Buddha
4631:Festivals
4611:Buddhists
4573:Theosophy
4376:Symbolism
4366:Hama yumi
4339:Bodh Gaya
4106:Socialism
4081:Evolution
4056:Economics
3894:Venezuela
3809:Australia
3804:Argentina
3728:Sri Lanka
3723:Singapore
3641:Indonesia
3603:Countries
3544:Tripiṭaka
3506:Ajahn Mun
3381:Nagarjuna
3376:Aśvaghoṣa
3259:Anagārika
3254:Śrāmaṇerī
3249:Śrāmaṇera
3244:Bhikkhunī
3204:Sotāpanna
3093:Passaddhi
3034:Offerings
3009:Nekkhamma
2886:Iddhipada
2806:Practices
2776:Theravada
2749:Vajrayana
2742:Yogachara
2712:Pure Land
2625:Six Paths
2612:Cosmology
2392:Anuruddha
2367:Sāriputta
2357:Kaundinya
2349:Disciples
2324:Vajrapāṇi
2176:Footprint
2141:Tathāgata
1575:Sinhalese
1501:does not
1482:Sri Lanka
1474:Buddhist
1371:does not
1318:chinjusha
1311:Main Hall
1230:does not
1154:Buddhists
1134:Majapahit
1080:Borobudur
1070:based on
1068:Srivijaya
1059:empires.
1057:Srivijaya
1049:Sailendra
1045:East Java
1033:Palembang
1005:Indonesia
993:Borobudur
978:Indonesia
919:Bodh Gaya
909:Ashoka's
883:sandstone
851:Bodh Gaya
735:pure land
707:Buddhists
615:Sri Lanka
605:Singapore
560:Indonesia
500:Vajrayāna
475:Theravāda
430:Awakening
318:Practices
275:Tripiṭaka
245:Cosmology
220:Emptiness
200:Suffering
43:Indonesia
4649:Category
4578:Violence
4548:Hinduism
4496:Sanskrit
4451:Hinayana
4436:Amitābha
4396:Swastika
4265:Uposatha
4255:Holidays
4240:Calendar
4086:Humanism
3924:Kanishka
3914:Timeline
3738:Thailand
3706:Kalmykia
3701:Buryatia
3686:Pakistan
3671:Mongolia
3666:Maldives
3661:Malaysia
3626:Cambodia
3491:Shamarpa
3486:Nichiren
3436:Xuanzang
3371:Nagasena
3289:Rinpoche
3019:Pāramitā
2861:Devotion
2781:Navayana
2769:Dzogchen
2732:Nichiren
2680:Mahayana
2672:Branches
2550:Saṅkhāra
2299:Mañjuśrī
2256:(cousin)
2248:(cousin)
2216:(mother)
2208:(father)
2196:Miracles
2146:Birthday
2063:Glossary
2036:Buddhism
1982:Archived
1958:Archived
1935:Archived
1933:. 2005.
1906:Archived
1868:Archived
1835:Archived
1816:Archived
1752:Archived
1654:Uposatha
1613:See also
1476:monastic
1464:พุทธาวาส
1450:and the
1440:Thailand
1352:Thailand
1168:temple.
1095:Batujaya
1025:Karawang
1021:Batujaya
1009:Hinduism
819:, as in
817:rock-cut
804:Buddhism
711:Buddhism
625:Thailand
585:Mongolia
580:Malaysia
545:Cambodia
510:Navayana
490:Hinayana
485:Mahāyāna
395:Lay life
225:Morality
205:Not-self
163:Concepts
122:Councils
107:Timeline
79:Glossary
61:Buddhism
53:a series
51:Part of
4626:Temples
4606:Buddhas
4568:Science
4558:Judaism
4553:Jainism
4471:Lineage
4431:Abhijñā
4401:Thangka
4344:Sarnath
4329:Lumbini
4250:Funeral
4245:Cuisine
4121:Culture
4096:Reality
4046:Creator
4036:Atomism
3906:History
3879:Ukraine
3839:Germany
3758:Senegal
3748:Vietnam
3676:Myanmar
3476:Shinran
3466:Karmapa
3441:Shandao
3411:Dignāga
3336:Śrāvaka
3316:Donchee
3311:Kappiya
3269:Sayadaw
3239:Bhikkhu
3214:Anāgāmi
3171:Nirvana
3137:Samadhi
3024:Paritta
2965:Tonglen
2960:Mandala
2915:Smarana
2896:Mantras
2844:Upekkha
2814:Bhavana
2764:Shingon
2717:Tiantai
2570:Tathātā
2560:Śūnyatā
2555:Skandha
2545:Saṃsāra
2540:Rebirth
2515:Kleshas
2505:Indriya
2407:Subhūti
2292:Guanyin
2246:Ānanda
2238:Rāhula
2118:Nirvana
2058:Outline
1813:p.570ff
1624:Dambana
1583:Bo Tree
1522:removed
1507:sources
1392:removed
1377:sources
1251:removed
1236:sources
1197:perwara
1193:Plaosan
1184:viharas
1083:mandala
1072:Sumatra
1064:I-tsing
1053:Mataram
1041:Central
967:Chaitya
923:Bharhut
871:Bhārhut
796:Chaitya
719:chaitya
701:is the
635:Vietnam
590:Myanmar
505:Tibetan
495:Chinese
423:Nirvāṇa
240:Saṃsāra
235:Rebirth
100:History
89:Outline
4621:Sutras
4616:Suttas
4481:Siddhi
4466:Koliya
4441:Brahmā
4356:Poetry
4302:Mantra
4292:Kasaya
4164:Pagoda
4144:Kyaung
4139:Vihāra
4134:Temple
4076:Ethics
3919:Ashoka
3869:Sweden
3864:Poland
3859:Norway
3849:Mexico
3834:France
3819:Canada
3814:Brazil
3753:Africa
3733:Taiwan
3696:Russia
3621:Bhutan
3581:Vinaya
3461:Naropa
3451:Saraha
3386:Asanga
3142:Prajñā
3051:Refuge
3014:Nianfo
2975:Tertön
2970:Tantra
2955:Ganana
2945:Tukdam
2871:Dhyāna
2839:Mudita
2834:Karuṇā
2727:Risshū
2722:Huayan
2655:Naraka
2595:Anattā
2590:Dukkha
2585:Anicca
2490:Dharma
2442:Channa
2377:Ānanda
2362:Assaji
2329:Skanda
2232:(wife)
2201:Family
2181:Relics
2106:Sangha
2101:Dharma
2096:Buddha
1898:
1860:
1679:Kyaung
1669:Vihara
1659:Cetiya
1634:Sangha
1629:Dhamma
1472:Sangha
1454:. The
1330:Shinto
1295:UNESCO
1166:Mendut
1150:Hindus
1126:Kediri
1007:after
925:frieze
875:Sanchi
859:Buddha
843:Ashoka
825:Ajanta
791:wall.
784:, and
739:Buddha
731:pagoda
715:vihara
620:Taiwan
600:Russia
540:Brazil
535:Bhutan
455:Buddha
375:Wisdom
158:Dharma
4593:Lists
4461:Kalpa
4456:Iddhi
4319:Music
4314:Mudra
4280:Vassa
4260:Vesak
4230:Budai
4176:Candi
4159:Stupa
4091:Logic
3844:Italy
3743:Tibet
3681:Nepal
3651:Korea
3646:Japan
3636:India
3631:China
3576:Sutra
3531:Texts
3481:Dōgen
3471:Hōnen
3456:Atiśa
3421:Zhiyi
3331:Achar
3299:Tulku
3294:Geshe
3279:Rōshi
3264:Ajahn
3219:Arhat
3179:Bodhi
3149:Vīrya
3066:Sacca
3061:Satya
3056:Sādhu
3044:Music
2987:Merit
2980:Terma
2940:Zazen
2876:Faith
2829:Mettā
2510:Karma
2470:Bardo
2437:Asita
2427:Khema
2417:Upāli
2402:Nanda
2240:(son)
2214:Māyā
2191:Films
2068:Index
1801:p.240
1595:Stupa
1579:Stupa
1346:Kyoto
1211:Japan
1205:stupa
1201:candi
1189:Pawon
1178:Candi
1029:Jambi
953:Stupa
808:stupa
766:India
723:stupa
630:Tibet
570:Korea
565:Japan
555:India
550:China
515:Newar
440:Arhat
230:Karma
84:Index
4491:Pāḷi
4476:Māra
4386:Flag
3787:Iran
3711:Tuva
3656:Laos
3284:Lama
3132:Śīla
3100:Śīla
3088:Pīti
3078:Sati
3029:Puja
2950:Koan
2856:Dāna
2447:Yasa
2334:Tārā
1896:ISBN
1858:ISBN
1605:and
1567:and
1505:any
1503:cite
1460:Thai
1375:any
1373:cite
1344:and
1342:Nara
1326:kami
1320:, a
1234:any
1232:cite
1191:and
1132:and
1105:and
1087:Sewu
1055:and
1043:and
1037:Riau
1035:and
913:and
812:apse
755:and
729:and
705:for
575:Laos
480:Pāli
35:Sewu
4213:Art
4149:Wat
2685:Zen
1748:BBC
1674:Wat
1516:by
1444:wat
1386:by
1293:by
1245:by
1195:'s
995:in
917:in
893:or
849:in
823:or
727:wat
697:or
4678::
3715:ru
1980:.
1976:.
1929:.
1904:.
1866:.
1746:.
1601:,
1581:,
1462::
1348:.
1313:.
1128:,
1101:,
1093:,
1031:,
897:.
827:.
794:A
780:,
776:,
725:,
721:,
717:,
693:A
610:US
55:on
41:,
3717:)
3713:(
2931:)
2927:(
2022:e
2015:t
2008:v
1991:.
1944:.
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1877:.
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682:e
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