677:
637:
625:
982:
708:
959:
653:
605:
250:
593:
907:
919:
788:
163:
741:
397:
57:
244:
676:
939:
707:
562:, and continued until after 1813. It was crescent-shaped (hence its name) and comfortably carried by a shoulder strap attached at the mouthpiece and bell. It first spread to England where as the "bugle horn" it was gradually accepted by the light dragoons (1764), the Grenadier Guards (1772), light artillery (1788) and light infantry.
1075:. This bugle established itself in military band music in Britain and America, and its popularity is indicated by the existence of many published method books and arrangements. It was in wide use until about 1850 by which time it had been largely replaced by the cornet. Richard Willis, appointed the first bandmaster of the
222:â an aerophone, with vibrating air enclosed within the instrument, the player's lips cause the air to vibrate directly, the player's lips are the only means of changing the instrument's pitch, the instrument is tubular, the player blows into the end of the tube, the tube is bent or folded, the instrument has a mouthpiece)
492:
The name indicates an animal's (cow's) horn, which was the way horns were made in Europe after the fall of the
Western Roman Empire. The modern bugle is made from metal tubing, and that technology has roots which date back to the Roman Empire, as well as to the Middle East during the Crusades, where
546:
Whole lines of brass instruments were created, including initially examples like the clarion and the natural trumpet. These were bent-tube variations that shrunk the long tubes into a manageable size and controlled the way the instruments sounded. One of the variations was to create "sickle shaped"
862:
were the first dedicated light infantry unit in the
British Army and were allowed a number of unique accouterments that were believed to be better suited for skirmishing, such as their green jackets. Other infantry used drums when marching and had whistles to signal when skirmishing, but the Rifle
1486:
The other variable that impacts brass instrument pitch and tone is air. Air can be thought of in many different ways, including quantity and speed. More air or faster air passing through the aperture results in a higher pitch and a fuller tone. Less air or slower air passing through the aperture
569:
that might be mistaken for a bugle today, as it lacked keys or valves, but had a more gradual taper and a smaller bell, producing a sound more easily audible at close range but with less carrying power over distance. The earliest bugles were shaped in a coil â typically a double coil, but also a
604:
941:
945:
944:
940:
946:
636:
863:
Corps was a much larger body of men that would be expected to spread out over a large area under a single commander. As a result, the bugle was taken from cavalry traditions because signals could pass much further without the need for repeats. The buglers in each
551:, used by Jäger battalions. During the last quarter of the 18th century, or by 1800, the half-moon horn was bent further into a loop, possibly first by William Shaw (or his workshop) of London. The instrument was used militarily at that point as the "bugle horn."
943:
1383:
The looped trumpet is a
European development adopted by Eastern cultures; from the 14th century new forms of trumpets with curved tubes started to appear in Europe, and European instruments then began to supersede the straight trumpet in Islamic
624:
836:
is used to indicate the daily routines of camp. Historically, the bugle was used in the cavalry to relay instructions from officers to soldiers during battle. They were used to assemble the leaders and to give marching orders to the camps.
1243:...trumpet disappeared from Europe after the fall of Rome and was not reintroduced until the time of the crusades, when instruments were taken from the Saracens... In Western art before the crusades...animal horns are generally shown.
958:
313:
1340:
It is generally acknowledged...that the cylindrical bore instruments were borrowed from the East. Perhaps those buccins Turcs and cors sarrasinois which the
Crusading chroniclers record included the nafÄŤr and
312:
652:
805:
1450:
1289:
There is no evidence available on the use of the trumpet in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire. It made its appearance again from the Orient, via the
Crusades, beginning in the eleventh centuru
1060:
892:
is the bugle call that signifies the end of the day's activities. It is also sounded at military funerals to indicate that the soldier has gone to his final rest and at commemorative services such as
2629:
251:
512:). After the fall of Rome, when much of Europe was separated from the remaining Eastern Roman Empire, the straight, tubular sheet-metal trumpet disappeared and curved horns were Europe's trumpet.
942:
1355:
1215:
1154:
804:
574:, and were used to communicate during hunts and as announcing-instruments for coaches (somewhat akin to today's automobile horn). Predecessors and relatives of the bugle included the
1499:
2603:
592:
806:
881:
In most military units, the bugle can be fitted with a small banner or tabard (occasionally gold fringed) with the arms of its reporting service branch or unit.
918:
1454:
2636:
1477:
1756:
1071:) were invented in the early 19th century. In England, a patent for one design was taken out by Joseph Halliday in 1811 and became known as the
614:
in 1904, this late Roman bugle is bent completely round upon itself to form a coil between the mouthpiece and the bell (broken off). Found at
500:. There existed another tradition of trumpets made of straight metal tubes of brass or silver that went back in Europe as far as the Greeks (
1500:"Buy Generic Gold Color The Earth Affair Dokra Art Brass Bugle,tribal Trumpet,bastar Art Turi,todi Online at Best Prices in India - JioMart"
858:, has retained the bugle for ceremonial and symbolic purposes, as did other rifle regiments before it. When originally formed in 1800, the
496:
Historically, horns were curved trumpets, conical, often made from ox or other animal horns, from shells, from hollowed ivory such as the
1947:
314:
1916:
740:
321:, a United States bugle call, equivalent to the national anthem, played on army posts when raising or lowering the national flag.
1831:
1782:
1721:
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969:
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horn or "hunting horns" in the 15th century. By the 18th century, Germans had created a "half moon" shaped horn called the
906:
2915:
2622:
981:
1302:
1870:
1655:
1326:
543:); they figured out how to bend tubes without ruining them and by the 1400s were experimenting with new instruments.
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121:
93:
1940:
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1920:
1076:
418:
78:
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100:
1307:
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13th century. Angels sounding horns or trumpets. The horns were manufactured in the shape of oxen horns.
531:, Europeans began to build them again, having seen these instruments in their wars. The first made were
2910:
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1933:
1766:
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797:
107:
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1911:
1279:(1). Research Center for Music Iconography, The Graduate Center, City University of New York: 3â8.
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1305:. In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.).
1002:
is sometimes erroneously considered a valved bugle, but the cornet was derived from more
598:
Iberian Celtic trumpet or bugle made from clay, 2nd-1st century B.C., Iberian
Peninsula.
2710:
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Awareness of trumpet experiments reached a 1405 illustrator in France, who painted a
578:, the Pless horn (sometimes called the "Prince Pless horn"), the bugle horn, and the
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The sheet-metal tubular trumpet persisted in the Middle East and
Central Asia as the
478:
357:
535:
Then
Europeans took a step that hadn't been part of trumpet making since the Roman (
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18th-century cavalry did not normally use a standard bugle, but rather an early
2847:
2802:
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2021:
1992:
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45:
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766:
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235:
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The bugle has also been used as a sign of peace in the case of a surrender.
713:
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2598:
2511:
2418:
2413:
2344:
2211:
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1982:
1888:
1684:
1615:
855:
781:. Scores for standard bugle calls use the five notes of the "bugle scale".
774:
615:
540:
364:
318:
1713:
1631:
2884:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
1055:
985:
859:
734:). In 1529, the "Turkish field clamor" reached Vienna for the first time.
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2184:
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824:
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made from a small cow's horn. Going back further, it touches on Latin,
421: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
380:
1086:
Since the mid 19th century, bugles have been made with piston valves.
2864:
2822:
2732:
2715:
2690:
2475:
2460:
2216:
2149:
2128:
2089:
1023:
893:
885:
864:
643:
575:
290:
201:
1925:
693:. Painted in France between 1412 and 1416. (upper left corner). The
493:
Europeans re-discovered metal-tubed trumpets and brought them home.
396:
56:
2879:
2869:
2827:
2695:
2470:
2319:
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comes from a combination of words. From French, it reaches back to
485:
meaning bullock. Old
English also influences the modern word with
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2309:
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2179:
2123:
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2007:
1971:
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295:
1880:
1623:
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2785:
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2339:
2334:
2329:
2241:
2015:
999:
579:
520:
508:), and further back to the Etruscans, Assyrians and Egyptians (
280:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
243:
2889:
2812:
2807:
2725:
2604:
List of euphonium, baritone horn and tenor horn manufacturers
2349:
2324:
1580:
1568:
1433:
1431:
1416:
1083:
in 1817, wrote and performed many works for the keyed bugle.
726:
717:
690:
516:
1248:
371:
or other pitch-altering devices, and is thus limited to its
2770:
2138:
1478:"Chapter 3: Tone Production Fundamentals on the Mouthpiece"
1389:
1428:
2790:
1917:
Bugle in C by Thomas Key and
William Trayls, London, 1811
1213:
Sarkissian, Margaret; Tarr, Edward H. (2001). "Trumpet".
1152:
Baines, Anthony C.; Herbert, Trevor (2001). "Bugle(i)".
658:
Virdung illustrated (1511 A.D.) bent trumpets including
533:
the aĂąafil in Spain and buisine in France and elsewhere.
1189:
1187:
716:, Ottoman miniature circa 1568. The musicians play two
701:
in Virdung's 1511 illustrations of musical instruments.
1184:
832:
The bugle is used mainly in the military, where the
81:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1306:
952:Two Japanese men demonstrating a bugle call, 2017
769:control is done by varying the player's air and
582:, among others. The ancient Roman army used the
2902:
1819:Musical Instruments: A Comprehensive Dictionary
1702:The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Brass Instruments
2644:
1754:
1586:
1574:
1266:
1212:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1202:
570:single or triple coil â similar to the modern
379:is controlled entirely by varying the air and
2630:
1941:
1755:Herbert, Trevor; Wallace, John, eds. (1997).
1151:
746:Hessian-Darmstadt soldiers, 1816, one with a
37:"Bugler" redirects here. For other uses, see
1758:The Cambridge Companion to Brass Instruments
1031:
1007:
558:(half-moon) was used by light infantry from
44:"Bugles" redirects here. For the snack, see
1487:results in a lower pitch and a softer tone.
1484:(2nd ed.). Indianapolis: PALNI Press.
1469:
1199:
1037:
1013:
2637:
2623:
1948:
1934:
928:bugler during World War II. Photograph by
1346:
437:Learn how and when to remove this message
141:Learn how and when to remove this message
1645:
980:
867:are headed by the bugle major, a senior
773:. Consequently, the bugle is limited to
310:
242:
230:Antiquity; modern forms, c. 17th century
1815:
1699:
1664:
1603:
1475:
1437:
1422:
1410:
1369:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.19529
1294:
1229:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.49912
1193:
1168:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.04270
812:Reveille as played on the bugle by the
610:Roman bugle, 4th century. Added to the
14:
2903:
1607:Musical instruments in art and history
1352:
1300:
2618:
1955:
1929:
1856:
1269:"The Looped Trumpet in the Near East"
1254:
970:Ethiopian National Defence Force Band
1648:Introducing the Drum and Bugle Corps
1476:Weidner, Brian N. (10 August 2023).
1089:
419:adding citations to reliable sources
390:
247:Five-pitch scale of the bugle in C.
79:adding citations to reliable sources
50:
1260:
24:
1859:The History of Musical Instruments
786:
25:
2927:
1905:
1669:(2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press.
1353:Pirker, Michael (2001). "NafÄŤr".
896:in Australia and New Zealand and
1523:
1319:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0127
957:
937:
917:
905:
823:Problems playing this file? See
802:
739:
706:
675:
651:
646:playing a trumpet bent into a U.
635:
623:
603:
591:
395:
161:
55:
1596:
1543:
1526:"The Story of the British Army"
1517:
1492:
1443:
406:needs additional citations for
212:HornbostelâSachs classification
66:needs additional citations for
2522:Drum and bugle corps (classic)
1921:The Metropolitan Museum of Art
1453:. British Army. Archived from
1267:Michael Pirker (Spring 1993).
1145:
1077:United States Military Academy
854:, an infantry regiment in the
13:
1:
2527:Drum and bugle corps (modern)
1700:Herbert, Trevor, ed. (2019).
1551:"The Last Post | Army.gov.au"
1482:Brass Techniques and Pedagogy
1133:
989:
976:
912:American naval bugler in 1917
1101:Baritone bugle (tenor pitch)
968:depicting a bugler from the
730:and a pair of kettle drums (
328:More articles or information
7:
1451:"History of the Bugle Horn"
1111:
964:American poster during the
884:In military tradition, the
10:
2932:
2916:Natural horns and trumpets
2589:Pitch of brass instruments
1863:W. W. Norton & Company
1824:W. W. Norton & Company
1767:Cambridge University Press
1706:Cambridge University Press
1665:Dudgeon, Ralph T. (2004).
1650:. Olympic Marketing Corp.
1587:Herbert & Wallace 1997
1575:Herbert & Wallace 1997
1095:Soprano bugle (high pitch)
840:The bugle is also used in
759:
386:
43:
36:
29:
2656:
2581:
2535:
2494:
2401:
2358:
2302:
2167:
1963:
1775:10.1017/CCOL9780521563437
1098:Alto bugle (medium pitch)
477:, indicating a signaling
332:
327:
309:
304:
271:
264:
241:
234:
226:
210:
182:
175:
160:
1646:Chiefari, Janet (1982).
1425:, p. 224, Halbmond.
1138:
1006:instruments, the French
869:non-commissioned officer
27:Brass musical instrument
1816:Marcuse, Sibyl (1964).
1604:Bragard, Roger (1968),
1361:Oxford University Press
1257:, p. 48, 280, 384.
1221:Oxford University Press
1160:Oxford University Press
814:United States Army Band
755:
720:, two spiral trumpets (
39:Bugler (disambiguation)
2373:Marching baritone horn
1912:Evolution of the Bugle
1524:King, Charles Cooper.
1413:, p. 90â1, Bugle.
1309:Encyclopaedia of Islam
1068:
1032:
1008:
995:
791:
322:
259:
32:Bugle (disambiguation)
2558:Classical trombonists
2155:Double bell euphonium
1714:10.1017/9781316841273
1301:Farmer, H.G. (2012).
1273:RIdIM/RCMI Newsletter
984:
790:
760:Further information:
489:, meaning "wild ox."
367:. It normally has no
317:
246:
1857:Sachs, Curt (1940).
1763:Cambridge Companions
1440:, p. 70, Bugle.
1118:Clarion (instrument)
871:holding the rank of
662:(field trumpet) and
415:improve this article
75:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
724:), a cylinder drum
266:Related instruments
157:
2507:British brass band
2378:Marching euphonium
2145:Subcontrabass tuba
1826:(published 1975).
1356:Grove Music Online
1216:Grove Music Online
1155:Grove Music Online
996:
844:troops and in the
792:
510:King Tut's Trumpet
323:
260:
155:
2911:Brass instruments
2898:
2897:
2612:
2611:
2568:Euphonium players
1957:Brass instruments
1833:978-0-393-00758-9
1784:978-1-139-00203-5
1723:978-1-316-63185-0
1676:978-0-81085-123-8
1457:on 5 October 2007
1378:978-1-56159-263-0
1238:978-1-56159-263-0
1177:978-1-56159-263-0
1090:Pitches of bugles
947:
926:Eighth Route Army
807:
523:, and during the
465:The English word
447:
446:
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349:
315:
151:
150:
143:
125:
16:(Redirected from
2923:
2639:
2632:
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2615:
2563:Jazz trombonists
2543:(all) Trumpeters
2481:Axial flow valve
2393:Contrabass bugle
1950:
1943:
1936:
1927:
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1900:
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1610:, translated by
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1359:(8th ed.).
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1313:(2nd ed.).
1312:
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1219:(8th ed.).
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2548:Jazz trumpeters
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2486:Harmonic series
2402:Parts/technique
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2354:
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2257:Soprano helicon
2227:Baroque trumpet
2222:Natural trumpet
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2114:Alto/Tenor horn
1998:Fanfare trumpet
1959:
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1667:The Keyed Bugle
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1555:www.army.gov.au
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1081:West Point Band
1059:
1049:
1046:
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992:
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898:Remembrance Day
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459:Natural trumpet
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286:Natural trumpet
253:Bugle scale.mid
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2022:Soprano cornet
2012:
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1993:Pocket trumpet
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1906:External links
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549:halbmondbläser
504:) and Romans (
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46:Bugles (snack)
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2766:hand-stopping
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2646:Natural horns
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2633:
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2600:
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2594:Brass section
2592:
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2517:Brass quintet
2515:
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2431:Hand-stopping
2429:
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2250:
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2237:Slide trumpet
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2195:Tenor cornett
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2109:Baritone horn
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1765:. Cambridge:
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1704:. Cambridge:
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1530:gutenberg.org
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1196:, p. 59.
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1033:cor de chasse
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846:Boys' Brigade
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554:In 1758, the
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409:
404:This section
402:
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289:
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273:
270:
267:
263:
255:
245:
240:
237:
236:Playing range
233:
229:
225:
221:
215:
213:
209:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
189:
187:
185:
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123:
120:
116:
113:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92: â
91:
87:
86:Find sources:
80:
76:
70:
69:
64:This article
62:
58:
53:
52:
47:
40:
33:
19:
2875:Tube trumpet
2860:Tibetan horn
2680:
2599:Horn section
2553:Horn players
2512:Balkan brass
2419:Rotary valve
2414:Piston valve
2345:Tibetan horn
2212:Natural horn
2190:Mute cornett
2137:
2101:
2062:
2035:
2028:
2014:
1970:
1861:. New York:
1858:
1822:. New York:
1818:
1757:
1701:
1666:
1647:
1616:Viking Press
1614:, New York:
1612:Bill Hopkins
1606:
1597:Bibliography
1582:
1570:
1558:. Retrieved
1554:
1545:
1533:. Retrieved
1529:
1519:
1507:. Retrieved
1503:
1494:
1485:
1481:
1471:
1459:. Retrieved
1455:the original
1445:
1438:Marcuse 1964
1423:Marcuse 1964
1418:
1411:Herbert 2019
1382:
1354:
1348:
1339:
1332:. Retrieved
1308:
1296:
1288:
1276:
1272:
1262:
1250:
1242:
1214:
1194:Bragard 1968
1153:
1147:
1107:(bass pitch)
1085:
1056:Keyed bugles
1054:
1047:hunting horn
1004:narrow-bored
997:
883:
880:
877:
856:British Army
850:
839:
831:
822:
765:
747:
731:
725:
721:
698:
697:matches the
694:
663:
659:
616:Mont Ventoux
564:
555:
553:
548:
545:
514:
495:
491:
486:
482:
474:
470:
466:
464:
457:
450:
433:
427:January 2023
424:
413:Please help
408:verification
405:
365:conical bore
363:with a wide
356:is a simple
353:
351:
319:To the Color
305:Sound sample
152:
137:
128:
118:
111:
104:
97:
85:
73:Please help
68:verification
65:
2885:Waqra phuku
2056:Wagner tuba
2051:Vienna horn
2046:German horn
2041:French horn
1069:Klappenhorn
993: 1830
986:Keyed bugle
860:Rifle Corps
777:within the
689:trumpet, 2
525:Reconquista
375:notes, and
342:Keyed bugle
2905:Categories
2833:Roman tuba
2762:Embouchure
2745:Didgeridoo
2502:Brass band
2451:Pedal tone
2441:Mouthpiece
2436:Embouchure
2388:Sousaphone
2383:Trombonium
2368:Mellophone
2303:Indigenous
2294:Jazzophone
2284:Saxotromba
2274:Sudrophone
2264:Ophicleide
2185:Cornettino
2168:Antiquated
2119:Flugelhorn
2070:Contrabass
1978:Contrabass
1897:Q116223746
1850:Q113270677
1809:Q112852613
1748:Q114571908
1732:1038492212
1693:Q116224505
1640:Q116236940
1560:18 October
1384:societies.
1334:13 January
1255:Sachs 1940
1134:References
1073:Kent bugle
977:Variations
900:in Canada
875:or above.
852:The Rifles
834:bugle call
825:media help
771:embouchure
762:Bugle call
714:Mehterhâne
699:felttrumet
660:felttrumet
506:Roman tuba
471:cor buglèr
381:embouchure
216:423.121.22
131:April 2019
101:newspapers
2865:Tochacatl
2823:Post horn
2716:Hakgediya
2691:Bukkehorn
2495:Ensembles
2476:Water key
2461:Valve oil
2217:Post horn
2150:Euphonium
2129:Kuhlohorn
2090:Superbone
1842:924550493
1801:34482695M
1793:460517551
1740:34730943M
1061:âšSee Tfdâş
1024:post horn
894:Anzac Day
886:Last Post
865:battalion
842:Boy Scout
685:trumpet,
644:grotesque
618:, France.
576:post horn
451:See also
358:signaling
291:Post horn
227:Developed
202:Aerophone
167:Bugle in
2880:Vuvuzela
2870:Trembita
2828:Ramsinga
2696:Chazozra
2650:trumpets
2471:Leadpipe
2360:Marching
2320:Vuvuzela
2095:Cimbasso
2064:Trombone
2003:Firebird
1893:Wikidata
1889:2594769W
1881:41000559
1846:Wikidata
1805:Wikidata
1744:Wikidata
1689:Wikidata
1685:7996991M
1636:Wikidata
1624:68015484
1341:karnÄ...
1285:41604971
1112:See also
924:Chinese
873:sergeant
798:Reveille
529:Crusades
483:buculus,
475:bugleret
2838:Salpinx
2818:Olifant
2738:Swedish
2733:Cowhorn
2721:Horagai
2706:Clarion
2686:Buisine
2671:Buccina
2661:Alphorn
2573:Tubists
2536:Players
2310:Alphorn
2289:Bazooka
2279:Saxtuba
2269:Serpent
2252:Helicon
2247:Sackbut
2232:Buccina
2180:Cornett
2175:Clarion
2124:Fiscorn
2103:Saxhorn
2085:Soprano
2008:Flumpet
1988:Piccolo
1972:Trumpet
1535:7 March
1509:7 March
1504:JioMart
1041:
1017:
930:Sha Fei
732:nakkare
695:clarion
687:buisine
683:Clarion
668:sackbut
584:buccina
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