640:; there are also teeth on the opposite component, which does not move. The vibrator is quickly vibrated, which creates enough heat to melt the interface between the two strap, because of friction. To complete the weld the vibrator is stopped and the pressure held until the joint has solidified. Polypropylene and Polyester strapping can also be sealed in a similar manner with the heat being produced by sound in the form of Ultrasonic waves passing through the materials and exiting the molecular structure. They are then compressed as in a heat seal. In ultrasonic welding of plastics, high frequency (15 kHz to 40 kHz ) low amplitude vibration is used to create heat by way of friction between the materials to be joined. The interface of the two parts is specially designed to concentrate the energy for the maximum weld strength.
329:
317:
647:
as the percent difference (e.g., a sample of steel strap may have a 5,000 lb (2,300 kg) break strength and the seal may fail at 3,000 lb (1,400 kg), so the seal is said to have a 60% strength). Hot knife welds have a minimum break strength of 55%. Friction welds have a minimum break strength of 65%. Well set up strapping machines or friction weld tools will aim for around 80% of break strength. Metal clips/seals are surprisingly low with about 100 – 120 kg slip resistance.
753:
659:
2571:
284:
88:
47:
483:. Some types are reusable. Because this system uses a buckle for a joint, corded and woven strapping can have a larger system strength than steel banding. Corded polyester strapping also has a higher elongation than other strapping systems, which gives it an ideal memory for sea and rail shipments. Because corded and woven polyester straps are light and soft, they are also a safer alternative to steel banding.
190:
734:, are used for higher-volume applications or special applications. They are available in horizontal and vertical orientations (with the vertical orientation being far more common). They are also available in bottom seal, side seal, and top seal orientations, which define where the joint is located on the bundle.
674:. A dispenser is used with both types of equipment to dispense the strap. Some strapping machines have the dispenser built-in; others (typically those on large arch machines) have a separately powered dispenser, which can automatically load or thread new coils. Non-powered separated dispensers have a
763:
Banding machines, however, are less damaging to the product being strapped, since the larger widths of bands available (20mm - 100mm) allow greater surface area that minimizes the harm on sensitive products. Banding machines can also run on paper straps for a more eco-friendly alternative to plastic
631:
comes up and compresses the straps and hot knife against an anvil on the order of tens of milliseconds. The platen then drops and the hot knife is removed. After the hot knife is completely clear of the straps the platen comes back up and compresses the joint so that the melted portions of the strap
646:
The joint is the weakest part of the system, therefore the type of joining method used is very important if strength is an issue. The strength of a joint is defined as the force required to break the strap in uniaxial tension. This is then compared to the uniaxial strength of the strap and recorded
414:. Consequently, although it is suitable for packs due to a degree of stored energy that will take up any relaxation that occurs in the strap, unacceptable strap slackness may occur after time if used on solid product, such as brick or concrete. Furthermore, polypropylene strapping is susceptible to
745:
is used to detect when the bundle is in the correct location, stop the conveyors, and activate the strapping machine. Most, however, will be found in standalone applications. Semi-automatic and fully automatic strapping machines substantially improve efficiency in a warehouse and also the overall
686:
of the coil and keep the strap from over-running onto the floor. Typically, dispensers used on large arch strapping machines have multiple pulleys to act as a way to store strap in a way that can be quickly dispensed. Smaller arch machines, such as tabletop machines, will feed strap into a pool
421:
Polypropylene strapping can be printed. For the highest quality and precision, printing occurs during production (and pre-embossing). Printing can also occur post-production over the embossing, at the cost of reduced quality. Both options offer security and marketing advantages to the strapped
607:. Seals come in various shapes depending on the application; some can be put on after the strap is tensioned, while others must be installed before tensioning. To create the seal, the seal and strap are notched on both sides; if one set of notches are created then it is called a
635:
For thicker plastic strap, usually 0.73 mm (0.029 in) and thicker, friction is used to create heat within the joint. The process starts with the strap compressed between the platen and the anvil. There is a vibrator built into either the platen or the anvil, which has
626:
Plastic strap is most commonly joined by melting the straps together by adding heat to the joint. For lighter gauge strap, usually 16 mm (0.63 in) and narrower, heat is introduced with a hot knife system. First, the hot knife moves in between the straps. Then a
438:
are the strongest plastic strapping products and are used as a viable alternative to steel strapping in some industries. Polyester provides excellent retained tension on rigid loads. Its excellent recovery properties help a load absorb impact without strap breakage.
702:
Both manual and automatic tools are available as combination tools, which perform the tensioning, sealing and cutting, or as separate tensioners, sealers, and cutters. Manual and automatic hand sealers for steel can use either a seal or a seal-less joint.
462:
of the three plastics, but it is rarely used due to its high price. Nylon strap used to be very popular, but over time polyester strap has almost completely replaced nylon. Nylon strap is still used in cold room applications, however, because it does not
510:. The polypropylene provides foam to the strap, but also improves the non-slip characteristic when combined with the wire buckle. In the load securing industry, composite is often referred to as "synthetic steel". It is very
382:
Steel strapping is sold by weight rather than length due to the natural expansion and contraction of steel in the manufacturing process. A 3/4 x .020 steel strapping coil yields approximately 19.6 feet per pound.
829:
706:
Manual tensioners and crimping systems are available for low-volume applications. Manual sealers for plastic strap always use a seal and a compression (serrated seals) or crimp joint (smooth-faced seals).
595:
are used to help distribute the load at corners and reduce damage done to the load by the tensioned strap. Strapping can also be used in loops attached to holding locations on rail cars, skids, etc.
506:
Composite strapping has polyester filaments embedded longitudinally down the length of the strap that provides the tensile strength. These polyester yarn fibers are embedded within a polypropylene
410:. What is not generally known to end users is that polypropylene strapping will lose about 50% of the applied tension within one hour, and that this tension loss is accelerated with increases in
749:
Both semi- and fully-automatic strapping machines can easily be included in a packing production line where packing tables and strapping machines are positioned at workable heights.
394:
strap (oriented or tensilized) is an economical material designed for light to medium duty unitizing, palletizing, and bundling. It is available in various widths, thicknesses, and
776:
Semi-automatic strapping machines will allow one operator to automatically tension, seal, and cut polypropylene strapping to give neat and secure fastening on any size box.
603:
After the strap is tensioned, the strap is often sealed to itself. Steel strap is sealed with a seal and notch joint, a seal and crimp, seal-less joint, or via
208:
1025:
418:
and can degrade quickly if left exposed to the elements. UV degradation can be mitigated by specifying the use of black strap or a UV inhibitor.
767:
Operation is by photo-sensor, foot pedal, or a PLC, allowing these machines to be integrated into production lines or for standalone operation.
498:. This allows the bundle to be introduced into the process without cutting the straps, which can lead to the product falling apart prematurely.
339:
Steel is the oldest and highest tensile strength strapping. It is available in a variety of widths and thicknesses as well as variations in the
650:
For pallets strapping based on norm ASTM D3953 Standard
Specification, the number of the strapping procedure is around 10 times for a minimal.
770:
Automatic strapping machines allow hands-free securing of parcels with automatically tensioned, sealed, and cut polypropylene strapping.
2159:
737:
Strapping machines are available in semi-automatic and automatic varieties. The automatic machines can additionally be used inline with
406:, and some is also printed. This product offers higher elongation at break, but tends to have irrecoverable dead stretch with constant
760:
Banding machines like strapping machines allow the unitization and securing of products with a variety of different shapes and sizes.
2069:
691:
instead. In both cases this is required; otherwise, the strapping machine will draw the strap faster than the dispenser can pay off.
923:
746:
presentation of a packaged product. The saved labor can often easily cover the relatively low cost of the strapping machine.
1471:
17:
980:
152:
2455:
812:
615:
joint. Crimp joints also use a seal, but crimp undulations are used instead of formed notches. These crimps form great
124:
2425:
1273:
244:
226:
171:
74:
2395:
328:
442:
There are specialized types available for specific applications. For instance, in cold climates a strap bonded in
2129:
1983:
1828:
773:
These machines are operated either by foot pedal or parcel sensor, which makes them ideal for volume throughput.
131:
2234:
109:
2345:
1298:
363:
and wax. The wax is used to better transmit the tension around the bundle and for use with certain types of
2594:
1501:
514:
and has the highest joint efficiency when used with a buckle. Both advantages are not affected by climate.
138:
2390:
2274:
1506:
1288:
2033:
105:
60:
824:
120:
2488:
2450:
2380:
2370:
1308:
1168:
1095:
1010:
403:
272:
to an item to combine, stabilize, hold, reinforce, or fasten it. A strap may also be referred to as
2375:
2244:
1843:
1263:
1233:
1123:
710:
Automatic hand tools are used for higher-volume applications. Automatic tools can be powered by an
2405:
2028:
1948:
1808:
1336:
973:
872:
98:
2124:
1833:
1536:
1268:
1248:
793:
31:
2553:
2503:
2483:
2430:
1763:
1713:
1436:
1431:
1090:
1080:
1055:
928:
688:
343:. Steel is used for heavy duty holding where high strength and minimal stretch are desired.
2523:
2385:
1913:
1228:
1060:
827:, Denver, Edward & Weber, Paul W., "Paper strap", issued 2006-10-10
580:
495:
8:
2410:
2219:
2018:
1858:
1738:
1198:
845:
511:
464:
949:
BS EN13891:2003 Tensional
Strapping - Guide to selection and use of tensional strapping
779:
Adjustable strap tensioning to suit each package prevents strap damage to softer boxes.
619:
which keep the joint from seeping. Seal-less joints are created by forming interlocking
316:
30:
This article is about bands used in packaging. For the form of corporal punishment, see
2575:
2538:
2498:
2350:
2259:
2224:
2174:
2059:
1768:
1638:
1608:
1546:
1283:
1183:
1163:
1158:
1065:
966:
562:
407:
277:
145:
2543:
2528:
2400:
2320:
2315:
2229:
2204:
2189:
2169:
2139:
2119:
1998:
1968:
1803:
1753:
1376:
1258:
1218:
1100:
1085:
1040:
1015:
919:
459:
479:
strapping are available in several constructions, primarily involving polyester and
2558:
2548:
2365:
2194:
2149:
2109:
2099:
1963:
1878:
1658:
1556:
1451:
1426:
1341:
1293:
1238:
1070:
1035:
1020:
1005:
711:
616:
411:
376:
204:
943:
ASTM D3950 Standard
Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods)
2518:
2513:
2493:
2415:
2335:
2290:
2254:
2209:
2144:
2114:
1868:
1853:
1758:
1653:
1551:
1148:
1045:
918:
Yam, K. L., "Encyclopedia of
Packaging Technology", John Wiley & Sons, 2009,
903:
892:
321:
666:
There are two major types of equipment available for strapping: hand tools, and
2478:
2473:
2445:
2295:
2269:
2264:
2154:
2074:
2064:
1978:
1953:
1923:
1883:
1698:
1633:
1576:
1481:
1466:
1446:
1356:
1208:
1203:
1128:
715:
415:
356:
344:
66:
752:
2588:
2435:
2330:
2300:
2249:
2239:
2184:
2164:
1973:
1943:
1888:
1613:
1476:
1223:
1050:
1030:
576:
447:
443:
391:
2079:
2008:
1938:
1928:
1918:
1903:
1838:
1743:
1623:
1603:
1596:
1586:
1581:
1486:
1411:
1381:
1346:
1313:
1213:
1188:
946:
ASTM D4675 Standard Guide for
Selection and Use of Flat Strapping Materials
548:
476:
360:
340:
2360:
2325:
2199:
1988:
1863:
1848:
1813:
1793:
1783:
1723:
1703:
1648:
1571:
1386:
1318:
1303:
1253:
1138:
368:
658:
287:
Telescope corrugated boxes closed with strapping. Boxes are attached to
2440:
2420:
2310:
2179:
2104:
1993:
1908:
1773:
1733:
1708:
1673:
1643:
1566:
1541:
1491:
1361:
1193:
1178:
1153:
1133:
1075:
591:
Strapping is most often used in complete horizontal or vertical bands.
332:
2533:
2340:
2134:
2023:
2013:
1958:
1933:
1778:
1663:
1618:
1561:
1328:
1173:
1105:
989:
940:
ASTM D3953 Standard
Specification for Strapping, Flat Steel and Seals
788:
742:
637:
555:
526:
Bundling items together for handling and shipment: newspapers, pipe,
431:
399:
364:
291:
with bands of strapping, with edge protectors at the top of the load.
283:
87:
2355:
2305:
2214:
2084:
2043:
1873:
1798:
1788:
1693:
1628:
1531:
1516:
1461:
1401:
1278:
1243:
1143:
952:
BS EN13394:2001 Packaging
Specification for non-metallic strapping
738:
643:
It may also be joined manually by crimping a seal or via a buckle.
2094:
2089:
2038:
1748:
1496:
1351:
683:
604:
571:
544:
507:
395:
305:
35:
2508:
1893:
1591:
1456:
1421:
1416:
1391:
1371:
675:
628:
584:
534:
527:
288:
718:. Automatic hand tools for plastic strap use a friction weld.
611:
joint, if two sets of notches are created then it is called a
1898:
1818:
1718:
1441:
679:
538:
491:
480:
435:
372:
367:. Common applications include steel coils, bundles of metal,
348:
301:
269:
958:
300:
Strap is a flat, flexible material, most commonly made from
1728:
1668:
1406:
699:
There are two types of hand tools: manual, and automatic.
1823:
1526:
1521:
1511:
1396:
1366:
352:
846:"Unitizing Goods on Pallets and Slipsheets, FPL-GTR-52"
199:
may be too technical for most readers to understand
112:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2586:
1026:Modified atmosphere/modified humidity packaging
494:strap is used to strap paper products between
974:
558:of bricks, packaged glass, metal parts, etc.
2160:Hazard analysis and critical control points
823:
75:Learn how and when to remove these messages
981:
967:
570:Holding bales of agricultural products or
34:. For strips of wood used in furring, see
2070:Automatic identification and data capture
276:. Strapping is most commonly used in the
245:Learn how and when to remove this message
227:Learn how and when to remove this message
211:, without removing the technical details.
172:Learn how and when to remove this message
843:
751:
657:
327:
315:
282:
467:as much as the other types of plastic.
27:Fastening a strap around item or bundle
14:
2587:
962:
813:3/4 x .020 Steel Strapping Dimensions
721:
209:make it understandable to non-experts
1472:Flexible intermediate bulk container
517:
183:
110:adding citations to reliable sources
81:
40:
470:
24:
2456:Vertical form fill sealing machine
912:
726:Strapping machines, also known as
598:
25:
2606:
2426:Rotary wheel blow molding systems
1274:Purdue Improved Crop Storage bags
295:
56:This article has multiple issues.
2570:
2569:
2396:Mechanical brake stretch wrapper
567:Securing coils of steel or paper
386:
320:Strapping used on a shipment of
188:
86:
45:
2130:Electronic article surveillance
1984:Shock and vibration data logger
1829:Linear low-density polyethylene
678:which releases and activates a
268:, is the process of applying a
97:needs additional citations for
64:or discuss these issues on the
2235:Radio-frequency identification
897:
886:
865:
837:
817:
806:
623:into the middle of the strap.
13:
1:
2346:Extended core stretch wrapper
1299:Single-serve coffee container
988:
853:US Forest Products Laboratory
799:
694:
561:Closing corrugated boxes and
458:Nylon strap has the greatest
1502:Insulated shipping container
934:
653:
501:
425:
335:strapped in a bale or bundle
7:
2391:Material-handling equipment
2275:Verification and validation
1507:Intermediate bulk container
1289:Self-heating food packaging
873:"Loading Carload Shipments"
782:
10:
2611:
2034:Time temperature indicator
29:
2567:
2489:Environmental engineering
2464:
2451:Turntable stretch wrapper
2381:Lineshaft roller conveyor
2371:Injection molding machine
2283:
2052:
1682:
1327:
1309:Toothpaste pump dispenser
1169:Disposable food packaging
1114:
1011:Child-resistant packaging
996:
662:A tabletop arch strapper.
402:). Most polypropylene is
379:, and roll end-binding.
347:for steel strap include:
2376:Label printer applicator
2245:Shearing (manufacturing)
1844:Low-density polyethylene
1264:Pharmaceutical packaging
1234:Low plastic water bottle
1124:Alternative wine closure
486:
453:
311:
2406:Orbital stretch wrapper
2029:Temperature data logger
1949:Pressure-sensitive tape
1809:Humidity indicator card
1337:Aerosol spray dispenser
430:Oriented or tensilized
2125:Die forming (plastics)
1834:Liquid packaging board
1537:Multilayered packaging
1269:Plastic milk container
1249:Optical disc packaging
794:Packaging and labeling
757:
663:
530:, concrete block, etc.
446:is used because it is
336:
325:
324:slated for destruction
292:
32:Strapping (punishment)
2554:Sustainable packaging
2504:Life-cycle assessment
2484:Closed-loop box reuse
2431:Seed-counting machine
1764:Corrugated fiberboard
1714:Biodegradable plastic
1437:Corrugated box design
1091:Sustainable packaging
1081:Shelf-ready packaging
1056:Packaging engineering
929:Wulftec International
755:
661:
581:intermodal containers
331:
319:
286:
2524:PET bottle recycling
2386:Logistics automation
1914:Plastic-coated paper
1061:Resealable packaging
496:industrial processes
304:or various types of
106:improve this article
18:Bundling (packaging)
2595:Packaging materials
2576:Category: Packaging
2411:Packaging machinery
2220:Product development
2019:Tamper-evident band
1859:Modified atmosphere
1199:Foam food container
587:, and semi-trailers
563:shipping containers
543:Attaching items to
533:Attaching items to
412:ambient temperature
2539:Reusable packaging
2499:Industrial ecology
2260:Ultrasonic welding
2225:Production control
2175:Injection moulding
2060:Aseptic processing
1769:Corrugated plastic
1639:Steel and tin cans
1609:Shipping container
1547:Packet (container)
1284:Seasonal packaging
1184:Evidence packaging
1164:Currency packaging
1159:Cosmetic packaging
1066:Reusable packaging
758:
722:Strapping machines
668:strapping machines
664:
522:Examples include:
512:abrasion-resistant
398:variations (e.g.,
337:
326:
293:
278:packaging industry
2582:
2581:
2544:Reverse logistics
2529:Plastic recycling
2401:Multihead weigher
2321:Cartoning machine
2316:Cap torque tester
2230:Quality assurance
2205:Plastic extrusion
2170:Induction sealing
2140:Extrusion coating
1999:Staple (fastener)
1969:Security printing
1804:Hot-melt adhesive
1377:Biodegradable bag
1219:Glass milk bottle
1101:Tamper resistance
1041:Package pilferage
1016:Contract packager
924:978-0-470-08704-6
904:Banding Materials
844:Laundrie (1986),
617:frictional forces
518:Uses of strapping
460:specific strength
255:
254:
247:
237:
236:
229:
182:
181:
174:
156:
79:
16:(Redirected from
2602:
2573:
2572:
2559:Waste management
2549:Source reduction
2366:Industrial robot
2270:Vacuum packaging
2195:Package tracking
2150:Glass production
2110:Corona treatment
2100:Containerization
1964:Screw cap (wine)
1879:Oxygen scavenger
1342:Aluminium bottle
1294:Screw cap (wine)
1239:Luxury packaging
1071:Reuse of bottles
1036:Package delivery
1021:Edible packaging
1006:Active packaging
983:
976:
969:
960:
959:
906:
901:
895:
893:Banding Machines
890:
884:
883:
880:AAR Circular 42J
877:
869:
863:
862:
861:
859:
850:
841:
835:
833:
832:
828:
821:
815:
810:
712:electric battery
672:banding machines
632:mix and harden.
471:Corded and woven
345:Surface finishes
322:chemical weapons
260:, also known as
250:
243:
232:
225:
221:
218:
212:
192:
191:
184:
177:
170:
166:
163:
157:
155:
114:
90:
82:
71:
49:
48:
41:
21:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2599:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2563:
2519:Paper recycling
2514:Packaging waste
2494:Glass recycling
2466:
2460:
2416:Pallet inverter
2336:Conveyor system
2291:Barcode printer
2279:
2255:Track and trace
2210:Plastic welding
2145:Flame treatment
2115:Curtain coating
2048:
1869:Nonwoven fabric
1854:Metallised film
1759:Container glass
1686:
1684:
1678:
1654:Tub (container)
1552:Padded envelope
1323:
1149:Case-ready meat
1116:
1110:
1046:Package testing
998:
992:
987:
956:
937:
915:
913:Further reading
910:
909:
902:
898:
891:
887:
875:
871:
870:
866:
857:
855:
848:
842:
838:
830:
822:
818:
811:
807:
802:
785:
756:Banding Machine
724:
697:
656:
601:
599:Joining methods
593:Edge protectors
520:
504:
489:
473:
456:
428:
389:
314:
298:
251:
240:
239:
238:
233:
222:
216:
213:
205:help improve it
202:
193:
189:
178:
167:
161:
158:
115:
113:
103:
91:
50:
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2608:
2598:
2597:
2580:
2579:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2479:Can collecting
2476:
2474:Biodegradation
2470:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2446:Tape dispenser
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2296:Barcode reader
2293:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2265:Vacuum forming
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2155:Graphic design
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2075:Blow fill seal
2072:
2067:
2065:Authentication
2062:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1979:Shock detector
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1954:Pump dispenser
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1924:Plastic pallet
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1884:Package handle
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1699:Aluminium foil
1696:
1690:
1688:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1634:Stand-up pouch
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1600:
1599:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1577:Plastic bottle
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1482:Folding carton
1479:
1474:
1469:
1467:Euro container
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1447:Disposable cup
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1357:Antistatic bag
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1333:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1209:Fuel container
1206:
1204:Food packaging
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1129:Ammunition box
1126:
1120:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1096:Tamper-evident
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1002:
1000:
994:
993:
986:
985:
978:
971:
963:
954:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
936:
933:
932:
931:
926:
914:
911:
908:
907:
896:
885:
864:
836:
816:
804:
803:
801:
798:
797:
796:
791:
784:
781:
723:
720:
716:compressed air
696:
693:
655:
652:
600:
597:
589:
588:
574:
568:
565:
559:
552:
541:
531:
519:
516:
503:
500:
488:
485:
472:
469:
455:
452:
427:
424:
416:UV degradation
388:
385:
341:grade of steel
313:
310:
297:
296:Types of strap
294:
253:
252:
235:
234:
196:
194:
187:
180:
179:
94:
92:
85:
80:
54:
53:
51:
44:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2607:
2596:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2577:
2566:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2471:
2469:
2463:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2436:Shrink tunnel
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2331:Check weigher
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2301:Bottling line
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2250:Thermoforming
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2240:Roll slitting
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2185:Laser cutting
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2165:Hermetic seal
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1974:Security tape
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1944:Polypropylene
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1889:Packaging gas
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1681:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1614:Shipping tube
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1477:Flexible tank
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1113:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1051:Package theft
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1031:Overpackaging
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1001:
995:
991:
984:
979:
977:
972:
970:
965:
964:
961:
957:
951:
948:
945:
942:
939:
938:
930:
927:
925:
921:
917:
916:
905:
900:
894:
889:
881:
874:
868:
854:
847:
840:
826:
820:
814:
809:
805:
795:
792:
790:
787:
786:
780:
777:
774:
771:
768:
765:
761:
754:
750:
747:
744:
740:
735:
733:
729:
719:
717:
713:
708:
704:
700:
692:
690:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
660:
651:
648:
644:
641:
639:
633:
630:
624:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
596:
594:
586:
582:
579:items within
578:
577:Load securing
575:
573:
569:
566:
564:
560:
557:
553:
550:
549:semi-trailers
546:
542:
540:
537:, skids, and
536:
532:
529:
525:
524:
523:
515:
513:
509:
499:
497:
493:
484:
482:
478:
468:
466:
461:
451:
449:
448:weather-proof
445:
444:hot melt glue
440:
437:
433:
423:
419:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
392:Polypropylene
387:Polypropylene
384:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
334:
330:
323:
318:
309:
307:
303:
290:
285:
281:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
249:
246:
231:
228:
220:
210:
206:
200:
197:This article
195:
186:
185:
176:
173:
165:
154:
151:
147:
144:
140:
137:
133:
130:
126:
123: –
122:
118:
117:Find sources:
111:
107:
101:
100:
95:This article
93:
89:
84:
83:
78:
76:
69:
68:
63:
62:
57:
52:
43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
2465:Environment,
2080:Blow molding
2009:Stretch wrap
2003:
1939:Polyethylene
1929:Plastic wrap
1919:Plastic film
1904:Paper pallet
1839:Living hinge
1744:Coated paper
1624:Spray bottle
1604:Security bag
1597:Water sachet
1587:Salvage drum
1582:Retort pouch
1487:Glass bottle
1382:Blister pack
1347:Aluminum can
1314:Water bottle
1214:Gas cylinder
1189:Field ration
1086:Shelf-stable
955:
899:
888:
882:. AAR. 2001.
879:
867:
856:, retrieved
852:
839:
819:
808:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
762:
759:
748:
736:
731:
727:
725:
709:
705:
701:
698:
682:to stop the
671:
667:
665:
649:
645:
642:
634:
625:
620:
613:double notch
612:
609:single notch
608:
602:
592:
590:
521:
505:
490:
474:
457:
441:
429:
420:
390:
381:
351:, paint and
338:
299:
273:
265:
261:
257:
256:
241:
223:
214:
198:
168:
162:October 2010
159:
149:
142:
135:
128:
116:
104:Please help
99:verification
96:
72:
65:
59:
58:Please help
55:
2361:Heat sealer
2326:Case sealer
2200:Papermaking
2120:Die cutting
2085:Calendering
1989:Shrink wrap
1864:Molded pulp
1849:Meat diaper
1814:Kraft paper
1794:Foam peanut
1784:Double seam
1754:Coextrusion
1724:Bubble wrap
1704:Bail handle
1649:Thermal bag
1572:Plastic bag
1387:Boil-in-bag
1319:Wine bottle
1304:Spray paint
1259:Popcorn bag
1254:Oyster pail
1139:Beer bottle
764:strapping.
741:systems. A
689:accumulator
554:Securing a
475:Corded and
369:baling wire
121:"Strapping"
2441:Staple gun
2421:Palletizer
2311:Can seamer
2180:Lamination
2105:Converting
1994:Slip sheet
1909:Paperboard
1774:Cushioning
1734:Cellophane
1709:Bioplastic
1687:components
1674:Wooden box
1644:Tetra Brik
1567:Paper sack
1542:Multi-pack
1492:Gunny sack
1362:Bag-in-box
1329:Containers
1194:Flour sack
1179:Egg carton
1154:Coffee bag
1134:Banana box
1076:Shelf life
825:US 7118648
800:References
695:Hand tools
547:, flatbed
400:copolymers
375:and other
365:tensioners
333:Soft goods
132:newspapers
61:improve it
2534:Recycling
2341:Drum pump
2284:Machinery
2135:Extrusion
2053:Processes
2024:Tear tape
2014:Susceptor
2004:Strapping
1959:Screw cap
1934:Polyester
1779:Desiccant
1683:Materials
1664:Unit load
1619:Skin pack
1562:Paper bag
1432:Clamshell
1174:Drink can
1106:Wrap rage
990:Packaging
935:Standards
789:Cable tie
743:photocell
654:Equipment
556:unit load
502:Composite
432:polyester
426:Polyester
422:product.
274:strapping
258:Strapping
217:July 2023
67:talk page
2589:Category
2467:post-use
2356:Heat gun
2306:Calender
2215:Printing
2044:Velostat
2039:Tinplate
1874:Overwrap
1799:Gel pack
1789:Flip-top
1694:Adhesive
1629:Squround
1532:Mesh bag
1517:Jerrycan
1462:Envelope
1402:Bulk box
1279:Sand bag
1244:Milk bag
1229:Juicebox
1144:Box wine
1117:packages
783:See also
739:conveyor
728:bundlers
714:, or by
572:textiles
545:flatcars
404:embossed
262:bundling
2190:Molding
2095:Coating
2090:Canning
1749:Coating
1739:Closure
1497:Inhaler
1352:Ampoule
1224:Growler
1115:Product
997:General
858:7 April
732:banders
684:inertia
605:welding
585:boxcars
535:pallets
508:coating
396:polymer
306:plastic
266:banding
203:Please
146:scholar
36:Furring
2574:
2509:Litter
2351:Filler
1894:Pallet
1592:Sachet
1457:Endcap
1422:Carton
1417:Carboy
1392:Bottle
1372:Barrel
999:topics
922:
831:
676:pulley
629:platen
539:crates
528:lumber
408:stress
377:pavers
373:bricks
357:bluing
289:pallet
148:
141:
134:
127:
119:
1899:Paper
1819:Label
1719:BoPET
1442:Crate
876:(PDF)
849:(PDF)
680:brake
638:teeth
492:Paper
487:Paper
481:rayon
477:woven
465:creep
454:Nylon
436:nylon
359:, or
349:paint
312:Steel
302:steel
270:strap
153:JSTOR
139:books
1729:Bung
1669:Vial
1659:Tube
1557:Pail
1452:Drum
1427:Chub
1412:Case
1407:Cage
920:ISBN
860:2020
687:box/
621:keys
434:and
361:zinc
264:and
125:news
1824:Lid
1685:and
1527:Keg
1522:Jug
1512:Jar
1397:Box
1367:Bag
730:or
670:or
353:wax
207:to
108:by
2591::
878:.
851:,
583:,
450:.
371:,
355:,
308:.
280:.
70:.
982:e
975:t
968:v
834:.
551:,
248:)
242:(
230:)
224:(
219:)
215:(
201:.
175:)
169:(
164:)
160:(
150:·
143:·
136:·
129:·
102:.
77:)
73:(
38:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
_ready_for_transport.jpg){kind=spacer}
