678:
606:
698:
442:, a small and usually temporary defensive fortification, was constructed on nearby Breed's Hill, probably due to its closer proximity to Boston compared to Bunker Hill. The next morning, June 17, the British were astonished to see the rebel fortifications upon the hill and set out to reclaim the peninsula. The resulting conflict was called the Battle of Bunker Hill because that is where Prescott originally intended—and was ordered—to build the fortifications. Also, some people considered Breed's Hill a part of Bunker Hill, while others called it Charlestown Hill.
1915:
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75:
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101:
476:, Doctor John C. Warren, William Sullivan, and George Blake. On May 10, 1823, the first public meeting was called. Each member subscribed five dollars, and on June 7, 1823, the Bunker Hill Monument Association was established and the work of raising money was begun. Famed nineteenth-century philanthropist
504:. One hundred dollars was offered for the best design; about 50 plans were presented in response. Choice was soon narrowed to a column and an obelisk and a new committee was appointed to procure designs and estimate expenses for each. At the next meeting the majority voted that the obelisk designed by
538:
Construction of the monument was frequently halted as available funds were depleted. To bring the project to completion the
Monument Association in 1838 began to sell off sections of the battlefield as house lots; they were successful in raising the money, while giving up about two thirds of the area
530:
Blocks of granite for the monument averaged two cubic yards (1.5 m) each and were quarried by wedging. They were delivered to the site at an actual cost of $ 5.40 per cubic yard from a quarry opened for the purpose, far below the average contract offer of $ 24.30 for the same. Moving the blocks
313:
The monument was one of the first in the United States. It is not on Bunker Hill, but instead on Breed's Hill, where most of the fighting in the misnamed Battle of Bunker Hill actually took place. An earlier memorial at the site, an 18-foot (5.5 m) wooden column topped with a gilt urn, had been
400:
The hill is about 62 feet (19 m) high, and is topped by
Monument Square, site of the Bunker Hill Monument. The hill slopes fairly steeply to the east and west. In addition to its historic sites and tourist-oriented facilities, the hill is the site of a great deal of residential property, as
336:, rather than Prescott; but the main consensus is that none of them said it. In any case, no one at Bunker Hill could have coined the phrase; the idea behind it was already more than a hundred years old when this battle took place, and the modern phrasing of it had been used by British commanders
445:
British soldiers under Howe sent 2,400 men to attack Breed's Hill. A force of 1,500 colonists held off two
British Army attacks, but the third attack, by British Royal Marines, forced the rebels to retreat. 450 colonists were killed or wounded, compared to 1,150 British casualties.
527:, conducted the services. Rev. Joseph Thaxter, who was wounded in the battle, officiated as chaplain at the ceremony, offering a prayer in thanks for the colonists' victory. More than 100,000 attended the event, including 190 veterans who had participated in the battle.
543:
and the readers of her magazine supplied funds essential to the monument's successful completion. The capstone was laid on July 23, 1842, and the monument was dedicated on June 17 of the following year, again with a Daniel
Webster oration. According to the
539:(sale of 10 acres (4.0 ha)), preserving only the summit of Breed's Hill as the monument grounds. Neighbors disgruntled with the construction eyesore were rumored to have plans to raise money to tear down the partially completed monument.
324:, a native of Groton, Massachusetts, another hero of Bunker Hill. Some popular stories claim he coined the famous phrase "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes" during this battle; others have instead attributed it to
1542:
372:. It is located in the southern portion of the Charlestown Peninsula, a historically oval, but now more roughly triangular, peninsula that was originally connected to the mainland portion of Charlestown (now the separate city of
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396:
and
Charlestown heavily filled in. Much of the hill is now occupied by residential construction, but the summit area is the location of the Bunker Hill Monument and other memorials commemorating the battle.
491:
In the spring of 1825 the directors had purchased about 15 acres (6.1 ha) on the slope of Breed's Hill, but had not yet chosen a design. The first design committee consisted of
Webster, noted engineer
1872:
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The
Monument Association, which had purchased the entire battlefield site by 1825, was forced to sell off all but the summit of the hill in 1838 to cover the cost of completing the monument.
188:
1643:
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605:
1997:
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1962:
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1967:
427:, decided to get to the peninsula first, fortify it, and present sufficient threat to cause the British to leave Boston. On June 16, 1775, under the leadership of
2037:
1797:
516:
460:, a well-known Boston lawyer and antiquarian, first suggested that a memorial be built. An interested group of men met for breakfast at the home of Colonel
388:
took place. In the 19th and early 20th centuries the peninsula's shape and connections to other landforms were significantly altered, with the waters of the
591:
567:
in 1961, in part for its architectural significance as a major early war memorial, and the nation's largest-scale memorial prior to the construction of the
535:
was completed in short order and became operational on
October 7, 1826, the first commercial railroad in the United States functioning as a common carrier.
1882:
810:
753:
1977:
1448:
1438:
704:
301:
The monument underwent a $ 3.7 million renovation, completed in 2007, that included repairs, handicap accessibility improvements, and new lighting. The
449:
In 1825, the Bunker Hill
Monument Association began construction of the Bunker Hill Monument, acquiring 15 acres (6.1 ha) of land for the purpose.
2007:
1291:
Nelson, James L. (2011). With Fire And Sword: The Battle of Bunker Hill and the
Beginning of the American Revolution. New York: St Martins Press.
2052:
129:
1122:
2022:
2032:
1887:
435:, the Americans stole out onto the Charlestown Peninsula with instructions to establish defensive positions on the hills overlooking Boston.
283:
1148:
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1992:
1982:
1919:
1247:
2012:
1083:
2002:
1309:
551:
The Bunker Hill Monument Association maintained the monument and grounds until 1919, when it was turned over to the Commonwealth of
1972:
878:
The Scottish Nation: Or, The Surnames, Families, Literature, Honours, and Biographical History of the People of Scotland, volume 2
617:
1433:
841:
57:
995:
93:
2042:
2027:
1296:
791:
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39:
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was published in her Scenes in my Native Land, 1845 together with a description of both the monument and the battle.
1285:
1265:
1067:
314:
erected in memory of fallen Bunker Hill hero Dr. Joseph Warren, a Mason, in 1794 by King Solomon's Lodge of Masons.
1327:
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641:
560:
295:
818:
401:
well as supporting municipal and retail infrastructure. It is about 700 yards (640 m) from Bunker Hill.
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465:
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1987:
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2017:
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381:
361:
268:
260:
80:
48:
763:
373:
1952:
548:
Association's "Points of Pride Quiz" for December 2007, BLS boys helped erect the Boston landmark.
420:
393:
1022:
305:
across the street was dedicated in June of that year and includes many exhibits about the battle.
461:
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1173:
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556:
410:
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272:
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117:
61:
1051:
916:
The Memorial History of Boston: Including Suffolk County, Massachusetts, 1630–1880, Volume 3
344:
in the 1750s, as well as by Prince Charles of Prussia in 1745, famously repeated in 1755 by
1931:
1241:
726:
512:
865:
Joannis Schefferi, "Memorabilium Sueticae Gentis Exemplorum Liber Singularis" (1671) p. 42
8:
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740:
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345:
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282:
An exhibit lodge built near the base of the monument in the late 19th century houses a
206:
192:
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882:
519:) performed the ceremony, Webster delivered the oration, and the Grand Master of the
259:, which was among the first major battles between the Red Coats and Patriots in the
1349:
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432:
416:
377:
321:
517:
who was on a 14-month tour of the United States on the 50th anniversary of the War
1322:
687:
587:
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333:
276:
759:
National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Boston, Massachusetts
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473:
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389:
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325:
291:
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1251:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 798–799.
996:"Thaxter prayer, Annals of the American Pulpit, William Buell Sprague, 1865"
948:
924:
886:
683:
524:
520:
341:
1318:
a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan
1018:
History of the Town of Hingham, Massachusetts, Thomas Tracy Bouve, 1893
329:
1108:
The Civil Engineer's Pocket-Book, Trautwine et al., 19th Edition, 1909
1054:
Sealed with Blood: War, Sacrifice, and Memory in Revolutionary America
424:
483:
1338:
74:
1240:
786:
439:
357:
264:
1458:
1339:
King Solomon's Lodge, that built the first Bunker Hill Monument
842:"Who Said, "Don't fire till you see the whites of their eyes"?"
380:. It is best known as the location where in 1775, early in the
279:, followed by a trip by barge. There are 294 steps to the top.
252:
937:
Mapping Boston, Krieger, Alex, ed., MIT Press 1999, pp. 16-18.
734:
611:
Construction progress as of 1840 (courtesy Cornell University)
1120:
376:) in colonial times by a short, narrow isthmus known as the
1058:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp.
1998:
Historic district contributing properties in Massachusetts
1410:
U.S. National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts
1310:
Information about the Monument, including hours it is open
901:
The Rest to Fortune: The Life of Major-General James Wolfe
511:
The directors laid the cornerstone on June 17, 1825. The
912:
1196:"NRHP nomination for Monument Square Historic District"
487:
19th-century lodge built near the base of the monument
1084:"Bostonians Lay Cornerstone for Bunker Hill Monument"
963:
975:
754:
List of National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts
716:
320:
In front of the current obelisk is a statue of Col.
1963:
American Revolutionary War museums in Massachusetts
1439:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
1958:American Revolutionary War monuments and memorials
1323:More information from the US National Park Service
623:Bunker Hill Day celebration, between 1890 and 1901
1968:American Revolutionary War sites in Massachusetts
480:contributed $ 10,000 to the monument's erection.
1944:
1920:National Register of Historic Places portal
2038:National Register of Historic Places in Boston
1123:"Home | Pennsylvania Center for the Book"
1116:
1114:
555:. In 1976 the monument was transferred to the
1394:
1316:The Battle of Bunker Hill: Now We Are at War,
290:. Bunker Hill is one of the sites along the
647:Monument and statue of Col. William Prescott
635:Monument and statue of Col. William Prescott
531:proceeded somewhat slowly at first, but the
100:
1111:
913:Winsor, Justin; Jewett, Clarence F (1882).
275:conveyed to the site via the purpose-built
1978:Buildings and structures completed in 1843
1401:
1387:
1328:"The Public Memorial in the United States"
1125:. Pabook.libraries.psu.edu. Archived from
815:National Historic Landmark summary listing
73:
2008:Military and war museums in Massachusetts
1216:
1174:"NHL nomination for Bunker Hill Monument"
247:is a monument erected at the site of the
40:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
16:War monument in Boston, Massachusetts, US
2053:Massachusetts in the American Revolution
1235:
981:
482:
1258:Decisive Day: The Battle of Bunker Hill
1255:
1049:
993:
817:. National Park Service. Archived from
1945:
787:"National Register Information System"
781:
779:
707:The view from the Bunker Hill Monument
2023:National Historic Landmarks in Boston
1382:
1188:
946:
803:
267:was erected between 1825 and 1843 in
2033:1843 establishments in Massachusetts
839:
792:National Register of Historic Places
671:Boston National Historical Park sign
573:National Register of Historic Places
1993:Granite sculptures in Massachusetts
1166:
776:
13:
1983:Buildings and structures in Boston
1121:Pennsylvania Center for the Book.
1021:. Pub. by the town. 1893. p.
846:Journal of the American Revolution
14:
2064:
2013:Monuments and memorials in Boston
1303:
947:Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920).
577:Monument Square Historic District
575:in 1966, and was included in the
563:. The monument was designated a
189:Monument Square Historic District
2003:Landmarks in Charlestown, Boston
1925:
1913:
1903:
1902:
1457:
733:
719:
696:
676:
664:
652:
640:
628:
616:
604:
597:
582:
423:plan to fortify the Charlestown
99:
92:
1973:Boston National Historical Park
1210:
1198:. Commonwealth of Massachusetts
1153:Boston Latin School Association
1141:
1102:
1076:
1043:
1009:
994:Sprague, William Buell (1865).
987:
561:Boston National Historical Park
452:
351:
296:Boston National Historical Park
49:U.S. National Historic Landmark
940:
931:
906:
893:
868:
859:
833:
384:, most of the fighting in the
263:. The 221-foot (67 m) granite
201:
1:
2043:1775 in the Thirteen Colonies
2028:Obelisks in the United States
874:
840:Bell, J. L. (June 17, 2020).
769:
308:
1372:Last location - end of trail
1149:"Points of Pride (PoP) Quiz"
969:
79:Bunker Hill Monument, 2009,
21:United States historic place
7:
1883:National Historic Landmarks
1221:. Thurston, Torry & Co.
1038:joseph thaxter bunker hill.
712:
271:, with granite from nearby
10:
2069:
1878:Cape Cod National Seashore
1229:
1219:"Scenes in My Native Land"
875:Anderson, William (1863).
565:National Historic Landmark
523:of Massachusetts, Ancient
419:, having caught word of a
408:
404:
382:American Revolutionary War
356:Breed's Hill is a glacial
269:Charlestown, Massachusetts
261:American Revolutionary War
81:Charlestown, Massachusetts
1898:
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1790:
1764:
1668:
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1606:
1580:
1559:
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1466:
1455:
1416:
1369:
1359:Locations along Boston's
1357:
1346:
1256:Ketchum, Richard (1999).
1217:Sigourney, Lydia (1845).
686:image of the monument by
659:Bunker Hill Monument Park
233:
225:
217:
212:
200:NRHP reference
199:
184:
176:
168:
160:
123:
113:
87:
72:
68:
55:
46:
37:
30:
26:
1932:United States portal
571:. It was listed on the
525:Free and Accepted Masons
177:Architectural style
1260:. New York: Owl Books.
1248:Encyclopædia Britannica
1176:. National Park Service
1050:Purcell, Sarah (2002).
462:Thomas Handasyd Perkins
145:42.376361°N 71.060778°W
1429:Keeper of the Register
956:Encyclopedia Americana
811:"Bunker Hill Monument"
764:Breed's Hill Institute
488:
58:U.S. Historic district
1444:National Park Service
1424:Contributing property
797:National Park Service
559:and became a unit of
557:National Park Service
486:
411:Battle of Bunker Hill
386:Battle of Bunker Hill
249:Battle of Bunker Hill
150:42.376361; -71.060778
118:Boston, Massachusetts
62:Contributing property
1366:Bunker Hill Monument
1334:Bunker Hill Monument
950:"Breed's Hill"
727:United States portal
592:Bunker-Hill Monument
513:Marquis de Lafayette
245:Bunker Hill Monument
32:Bunker Hill Monument
1988:Charlestown, Boston
1242:"Bunker Hill"
1129:on January 18, 2015
919:. James R. Osgood.
799:. January 23, 2007.
749:Washington Monument
741:Architecture portal
569:Washington Monument
546:Boston Latin School
346:Frederick the Great
286:of fallen hero Dr.
226:Designated NHL
141: /
1330:: cultural context
541:Sarah Josepha Hale
502:Washington Allston
496:, George Ticknor,
494:Loammi Baldwin Jr.
489:
303:Bunker Hill Museum
234:Designated CP
2048:History of Boston
2018:Museums in Boston
1940:
1939:
1861:
1860:
1560:Barnstable County
1434:Historic district
1377:
1376:
1370:Succeeded by
1299:Book Club Edition
1297:978-0-312-57644-8
1090:. Mass Humanities
340:in the 1740s and
241:
240:
213:Significant dates
2060:
1930:
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1819:Worcester County
1669:Middlesex County
1557:
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1347:Preceded by
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1034:Internet Archive
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433:Colonel Prescott
378:Charlestown Neck
338:Sir Andrew Agnew
322:William Prescott
229:January 20, 1961
221:October 15, 1966
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172:Willard, Solomon
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1467:Lists by county
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821:on June 6, 2009
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588:Lydia Sigourney
585:
533:Granite Railway
506:Solomon Willard
458:William Ticknor
455:
413:
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360:located in the
354:
334:Richard Gridley
311:
294:and is part of
277:Granite Railway
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1791:Suffolk County
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1765:Norfolk County
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1449:Property types
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1607:Essex County
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1352:Constitution
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1280:(Paperback:
1257:
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1212:
1202:February 19,
1200:. Retrieved
1190:
1180:February 19,
1178:. Retrieved
1168:
1156:. Retrieved
1152:
1143:
1131:. Retrieved
1127:the original
1104:
1092:. Retrieved
1088:Mass Moments
1087:
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1032:– via
1026:. Retrieved
1017:
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819:the original
814:
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684:Stereoscopic
586:
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490:
472:, Professor
464:, including
456:
453:Construction
448:
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355:
352:Breed's Hill
319:
316:
312:
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300:
281:
244:
242:
237:June 2, 1987
133:42°22′34.9″N
18:
1866:Other lists
1826:Southbridge
1706:Marlborough
1660:Springfield
1593:New Bedford
972:, pp. 82-83
899:R. Reilly,
521:Grand Lodge
364:section of
362:Charlestown
342:James Wolfe
148: /
136:71°3′38.8″W
124:Coordinates
1947:Categories
1756:Winchester
1731:Somerville
1691:Framingham
1619:Gloucester
1588:Fall River
1567:Barnstable
1474:Barnstable
770:References
374:Somerville
330:John Stark
309:Background
193:ID87001128
1836:Worcester
1772:Brookline
1741:Wakefield
1696:Lexington
1681:Cambridge
1676:Arlington
1539:Worcester
1519:Nantucket
1514:Middlesex
1509:Hampshire
1479:Berkshire
1158:March 22,
579:in 1987.
508:be used.
425:peninsula
417:Americans
394:Cambridge
169:Architect
1908:Category
1831:Uxbridge
1808:southern
1803:northern
1736:Stoneham
1726:Sherborn
1629:Lawrence
1543:northern
1529:Plymouth
1499:Franklin
1276:24147566
1133:April 9,
1094:June 17,
1028:April 9,
1001:April 9,
851:July 13,
825:June 30,
713:See also
590:'s poem
392:between
207:66000138
114:Location
1873:Bridges
1841:eastern
1746:Waltham
1721:Reading
1711:Medford
1686:Concord
1639:Methuen
1624:Ipswich
1614:Andover
1598:Taunton
1572:Harwich
1534:Suffolk
1524:Norfolk
1504:Hampden
1484:Bristol
1230:Sources
970:Ketchum
925:4952179
887:1290413
440:redoubt
421:British
405:History
358:drumlin
265:obelisk
185:Part of
180:Obelisk
164:1825-43
1888:Boston
1798:Boston
1782:Quincy
1777:Milton
1751:Weston
1716:Newton
1701:Lowell
1417:Topics
1295:
1284:
1274:
1264:
1066:
1062:-209.
923:
885:
500:, and
366:Boston
284:statue
273:Quincy
253:Boston
1644:Salem
1494:Essex
1489:Dukes
332:, or
161:Built
1634:Lynn
1350:USS
1293:ISBN
1282:ISBN
1272:OCLC
1262:ISBN
1204:2015
1182:2015
1160:2017
1135:2018
1096:2019
1064:ISBN
1030:2018
1003:2018
921:OCLC
883:OCLC
853:2023
827:2009
431:and
415:The
243:The
1060:171
1023:281
251:in
202:No.
1949::
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191:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
