3050:
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2556:
3058:
2774:, first published in 1946 and republished in a new edition in 2014. Coast's work is noted for its detail on the brutality of some Japanese and Korean guards as well as the humanity of others. It also describes the living and working conditions, together with the culture of the Thai towns and countryside that became many POWs' homes after leaving Singapore. Coast also details the camaraderie, pastimes, and humour of the soldiers in the face of adversity. Allied soldiers were often given more freedom than their civilian counterparts, to play guitar or accordion, or lead a group sing-along, or request camp comedians to tell some jokes or put on a skit.
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camps consisted of open-sided barracks built of bamboo poles with thatched roofs. The barracks were about 60 m (66 yd) long with sleeping platforms raised above the ground on each side of an earthen floor. Two hundred people were housed in each barracks, giving each person a two-foot wide space in which to live and sleep. Camps were usually named after the kilometre where they were located. The worst months of the construction period were known as the "Speedo" (mid-spring to mid-October 1943).
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382:
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411:
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2011:
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during construction. Many remember
Japanese soldiers as being cruel and indifferent to the fate of Allied military prisoners and the Southeast Asian civilians. Many men in the railway workforce bore the brunt of pitiless or uncaring guards. Cruelty could take different forms, from extreme violence and torture to minor acts of physical punishment, humiliation, and neglect.
2782:(palm fronds) were built, sets, lighting, costumes and makeup devised, and an array of entertainment produced that included music halls, variety shows, cabarets, plays, and musical comedies – even pantomimes. These activities engaged numerous soldiers as actors, singers, musicians, designers, technicians, and female impersonators.
3976:
The Death
Railway Interest Group (DRIG) is a Malaysian NGO that leads on the collection of Asian survivor accounts in Malaysia and Thailand, working to update records and presenting these at Australian and New-Zealand based humanitarian events. DRIG aims to identify at least one mass grave along the
2957:
for their brutality during the construction of the railway. Thirty-two of them were sentenced to death. The most important trial was against the general staff. Lieutenant
General Eiguma Ishida, overall commander of the Burma Railway, was sentenced to 10 years imprisonment. His subordinates Colonel
2633:
In early 1943, the
Japanese advertised for workers in Malaya, Singapore, and the Dutch East Indies, promising good wages, short contracts, and housing for families. When that failed to attract sufficient workers, they resorted to more violent methods, rounding up civilians, including children and
2591:
Japanese soldiers, 12,000 of them, including 800 Koreans, were employed on the railway as engineers, guards, and supervisors of the POW and civilian labourers. Although working conditions were far better for the
Japanese than the POWs and civilian workers, about 1,000 (eight percent) of them died
2421:
The
Japanese Army transported 500,000 tonnes of freight over the railway during the course of the war. Construction camps housing at least 1,000 workers each were established every 5–10 miles (8–17 km) of the route. Workers were moved up and down the railway line as needed. The construction
2260:
Most of these civilians were moved to ‘rest camps’ after
October 1943, they remained in these camps after the end of the war as they watched the Allied POWs being evacuated. Survivors were still living in the camps in 1947. They were British subjects who, without access to food or medical care,
2715:
The records of the civilian workers have not survived due to the limitations on birth and death records kept during pre- and post-war colonisation of the region. One soldier said they "found themselves at the bottom of a social system that was harsh, punitive, fanatical, and often deadly." The
2629:
by the
Imperial Japanese Army to work on the railway, dying in its construction. During the initial stages of the construction of the railway, Burmese and Thais were employed in their respective countries, but the number of workers recruited was insufficient. In Malaya, plantation families were
3980:
DRIG led the development of a further memorial to the civilian labourers at Wat Tavorn
Wararam, which manages the Wat Yuan Cemetery in Kanchanaburi, opened on 3 June 2023. This is in addition to the pagoda built over the remains of thousands of workers. The temple had undertaken the task of
2401:
The railway was completed ahead of schedule. On 17 October 1943, groups of civilians violently transported from Burma were forced to commence working south, meeting up with groups of civilians taken from
Thailand who were working in a northerly direction. The two sections of the line met at
2936:
The quality of medical care received by different groups of prisoners varied enormously. One factor was that many European and US doctors had little experience with tropical diseases. For example, a group of 400 Dutch prisoners, which included three doctors with extensive tropical medicine
2367:
in Burma, linking up with existing railways at both places. Its route was through Three Pagodas Pass on the border of Thailand and Burma. 69 miles (111 km) of the railway were in Burma and the remaining 189 miles (304 km) were in Thailand. After preliminary work of airfields and
6014:
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imprisoning them, especially in Malaya. Approximately 90,000 Burmese and 75,000 Malayans worked on the railroad. More than 100,000 Malayan Tamils were brought into the project and around 60,000 perished. Southeast Asian workers were used to build the Kra Isthmus Railway from
2453:
for £1,250,000 (50 million baht; equivalent to US$ 65,493,000 in 2023). The money was used to compensate neighbouring countries and colonies for material stolen by Japan during the construction of the railway. On 1 February 1947, two people—including Momluang
2690:; in English 'Tin Shelter'), the northern terminus of the railway. They worked on airfields and other infrastructure initially before beginning construction of the railway in October 1942. In Thailand, 3,000 British soldiers, left Changi by train in June 1942 to
3912:
3040:
bridge in June 1943, with both bridges running in a NNE–SSW direction across the river. The steel and concrete bridge consisted of eleven curved-truss bridge spans brought by the Japanese from Java in 1942. This is the bridge that still remains today.
3079:
attack damaged the wooden railroad bridge. Repair work continued and both bridges were operational again by the end of May. On 24 June 1945 the RAF destroyed the railroad bridges, putting the railway line out of commission for the rest of the war.
3932:
2777:
After the railway was completed, most of the British soldiers were moved to hospital and relocation camps where they could be available for maintenance crews or sent to Japan. In maintenance camps entertainment flourished, theatres of bamboo and
2612:
civilians were forcibly conscripted to work on the Death railway. Limited record keeping on the civilian populations under British occupation has led to incomplete and insufficient recording of the names and families of individuals who were
3330:
temple in Ban Tai, Thailand in the 1950s. A pagoda was erected over the burial site and plaques in both Chinese and Tamil text have been added to commemorate the dead. The names of the thousands of civilians buried at the site are unknown
3922:
2252:
to ensure the construction of the Death Railway and more than 90,000 civilians died building it, as did around 12,000 Allied soldiers. The workers on the Thai side of the railway were Tamils, Malays, and fewer Chinese civilians from
3942:
2944:
Weight loss among Allied officers who worked on construction was, on average, 9–14 kg (20–30 lb) less than that of enlisted personnel. Workers in more isolated areas suffered a much higher death rate than did others.
3802:, Australian war correspondent in Singapore; captured after travelling 700 km, predominantly by rowboat, from Singapore; Rivett spent three years working on the Burma railway and later wrote a book chronicling the events.
2292:
in Thailand, had been surveyed by the British government of Burma as early as 1885, but the proposed course of the line – through hilly jungle terrain divided by many rivers – was considered too difficult to undertake.
2739:. Human hair was often used for brushes, plant juices and blood for paint, and toilet paper as the "canvas". Some of their works were used as evidence in the trials of Japanese war criminals. Many are now held by the
2442:. The railway link between Thailand and Burma was to be separated again for protecting British interests in Singapore. After that, the Burma section of the railway was sequentially removed, the rails were gathered in
2261:
continued to die of malaria, dysentery and malnutrition. They had survived the ordeal of the Railway only to die in the ‘rest camps’. No compensation or reparations have been provided to the Southeast Asian victims.
3706:, British immunologist whose achievements include the popularisation of the pollen count as a piece of weather-related information to the British public and the prediction of increased levels of allergy to penicillin
2327:
in June 1942. To avoid a hazardous 2,000-mile (3,200 km) sea journey around the Malay Peninsula, a railway from Bangkok to Rangoon seemed a feasible alternative. The Japanese began this project in June 1942.
2921:
were common contributing factors in the death of workers on the Burma Railway. The labourers that suffered the highest casualties were Burmese and Indian Tamils from Malaya and Myanmar, as well as many Javanese.
5937:
4236:
2368:
infrastructure, construction of the railway began in Burma and Thailand on 16 September 1942. The projected completion date was December 1943. Much of the construction materials, including tracks and
6093:
2566:
Since the 1990s various proposals have been made to rebuild the complete railway, but as of 2021 these plans had not been realised. Since the upper part of the Khwae valley is now flooded by the
2219:). It was built from 1940 to 1943 by South East Asian civilians abducted and forced to work by the Japanese and a smaller group of captured Allied soldiers, to supply troops and weapons in the
5085:
7711:
2966:
where 600 British prisoners out of 1,600 died of cholera and other diseases, was sentenced to death, later commuted to life in prison, as a B/C class war criminal. He served 11 years.
3117:
was the largest rock cutting on the railway, built in a remote area, without appropriate construction tools by Chinese, Thai, Malay, and Tamil civilian prisoners and Allied soldiers.
7706:
6314:
2925:
A lower death rate among Dutch POWs and internees, relative to those from the UK and Australia, has been linked to the fact that many personnel and civilians taken prisoner in the
7848:
7716:
4329:
2264:
Most of the railway was dismantled shortly after the war. Only the first 130 kilometres (81 mi) of the line in Thailand remained, with trains still running as far north as
3049:
7701:
7362:
From Burma to the River Kwai, a film documentary made by Nick Lera in 1999 showing vintage British Pacifics steam locomotives operating local services on the historic railway
7351:
7721:
3441:), a cutting where the greatest number of people died. An Australian memorial is at Hellfire Pass. One museum is in Myanmar side Thanbyuzayat, and two other museums are in
3014:, or 'buffalo' in Thai). This gave rise to the name of "River Kwai" amongst the English. In 1960 the portion of the Mae Klong which passes under the bridge was renamed the
7762:
2418:
from Nong Pladuk, Thailand to Thanbyuzayat, Burma. A copper spike was driven at the meeting point by commanding General Eiguma Ishida, and a memorial plaque was revealed.
3321:
In 1946, the remains of most of the Allied military war dead were moved from former camps, burial grounds and lone graves along the rail line to official war cemeteries.
2504:
provided by Japan as part of their postwar reparations, thus forming the iconic bridge now seen today. Finally, on 1 July 1958, the rail line was completed to Nam Tok (
7772:
3474:
Arumugam Kandasamy (1927-), trafficked with 50 other civilians from the estate of Sua Gerising, Port Dickson at the age of 15, believed to be the last living survivor.
2941:
Henri Hekking, a Dutch medical officer with experience in the tropics was assigned, suffered only nine deaths. Another cohort of 450 US personnel suffered 100 deaths.
3828:(1916–2016), Dutch artist and colonial army lithographer; captured in East Java by Japanese in March 1942, sent to Changi Prison and worked on Thai section of railway
7767:
3917:
489:
2958:
Shigeo Nakamura, Colonel Tamie Ishii and Lieutenant-Colonel Shoichi Yanagita were sentenced to death. Major Sotomatsu Chida was sentenced to 10 years imprisonment.
3342:, in the city of Kanchanaburi, contains the graves of 6,982 Allied military personnel comprising: 3,585 British, 1,896 Dutch, 1,362 Australians, 12 members of the
3697:
2674:, Thailand to build a camp to serve as a transit camp for the work camps along the railway. The first prisoners of war, 3,000 Australians, to go to Burma left
7951:
4244:
3367:, Myanmar (Burma) has the graves of 3,617 soldiers who died on the Burmese portion of the line: 1,651 British, 1,335 Australians, 621 Dutch, 15 members of the
3324:
The mass graves of the Southeast Asian civilian dead were exhumed from along the rail line and beside former rest camps for reburial at Wat Thaworn Wararam, a
3310:
2311:
and British forces quickly surrendered. To supply their forces in Burma, the Japanese depended upon the sea, bringing supplies and troops to Burma around the
4771:
3927:
3574:
2654:. Those left to maintain the lines after the completion of the Death Railway suffered from appalling living conditions as well as increasing Allied bombing.
7293:
6264:
5025:
7421:
7370:
7298:
5505:
890:
822:
668:
3743:(1900–1943), Australian politician and member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly, died of illness and malnutrition at railway camp 131 Kilo in Thailand
3737:, Dutch comedian and cabaret producer on the Burma side of the railway during the construction period and later in Nakhon Pathom Hospital Camp in Thailand
7654:
2063:
4896:
7976:
3937:
3762:
2694:, the southern terminus of the railway. Some captured British soldiers were taken from Singapore and the Dutch East Indies as construction advanced.
2455:
7554:
7399:
6239:
3947:
3691:
1489:
3781:
1423:
1313:
7632:
7306:– Detailed web site with documentation and photographs relating to the POW experiences of Frank Larkin in Malaya, Singapore, Thailand and Japan.
5093:
7946:
1997:
1269:
445:
6158:
4849:
1755:
1645:
1579:
1335:
5000:
3796:, Australian doctor who kept detailed notes of his time as a medical officer on the railway. He later wrote a book detailing his experiences
5459:
Marcello, Ronald E. (January 1992). "Lone Star POWs: Texas National Guardsmen and the Building of the Burma-Thailand Railroad, 1942–1944".
3641:
2630:
forced by Japanese officers to send their children to the railway and young healthy men were often abducted and trafficked to the railway.
1401:
1203:
4267:
3317:
for Southeast Asian civilian and Allied military workers, built by Japanese Army Railroad Corps in February 1944 in Kanchanaburi, Thailand
3083:
The railway line did not fully connect with the Burmese railroad network as no railroad bridges were built that crossed the river between
2414:). A holiday was declared for 25 October which was chosen as the ceremonial opening of the line. The Japanese staff would travel by train
6318:
3862:
1909:
1357:
1115:
4337:
3784:(d. 1943), British chemistry professor and department head at Raffles College, Singapore; Purdie died during construction of the railway
3033:. In February 1943, 1,000 Dutch prisoners of war were added to Tamarkan. Chinese, Malay and Tamil civilians also worked on the bridge.
1865:
1799:
1711:
1291:
1137:
712:
624:
4447:
7966:
7544:
4030:
2435:
2019:
1975:
1887:
1623:
1445:
1225:
1159:
981:
778:
7606:
2716:
living and working conditions on the Burma Railway were often described as "horrific", with maltreatment, sickness, and starvation.
7991:
7961:
7474:
7414:
7317:
7287:
5794:
2041:
1931:
1181:
1071:
1003:
800:
7941:
7647:
6340:
2431:
1601:
7357:
2933:; they tended thus to be more resistant to tropical diseases and to be better acclimatized than other Western Allied personnel.
7518:
4050:
3408:
3036:
The first wooden railroad bridge over the Khwae Yai was finished in February 1943, which was soon accompanied by a more modern
2541:
2383:
3608:, Australian theatrical producer in Bicycle Camp, Java, in numerous camps on the Burma side of the construction, and later in
8011:
8006:
8001:
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7190:
7167:
7020:
6921:
6902:
6838:
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6673:
6617:
4935:
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4558:
2500:(Wangpo) was done. The two curved spans of the bridge which collapsed due to the British air attack were replaced by angular
4652:
4459:
3700:(1912–1966), film and theatre set and costume designer. He won a Tony award in 1947 for his costumes for the play Henry VIII
8016:
7996:
7905:
7549:
4951:
3596:
2570:, and the surrounding terrain is mountainous, it would take extensive tunnelling to reconnect Thailand with Burma by rail.
2489:
361:
119:
7276:
7267:
Captive Audiences/Captive Performers: Music and Theatre as Strategies for Survival on the Thailand-Burma Railway 1942–1945
6741:
Captive Audiences/Captive Performers: Music and Theatre as Strategies for Survival on the Thailand-Burma Railway 1942–1945
6123:
7900:
7611:
7559:
7407:
4094:
2529:
6094:"Justice Delayed: An Unofficial Truth Project for the Neglected Indian Victims of the Thai-Burma Death Railway – Part 2"
6069:"Justice Delayed: An Unofficial Truth Project for the Neglected Indian Victims of the Thai-Burma Death Railway – Part 1"
5617:
4733:
3993:
interviewed one of the last known Asian survivors in Surviving Thailand's infamous 'Death Railway': Arumugam Kandasamy.
7971:
7640:
6594:
6575:
6556:
3835:
3546:
3335:
3057:
19:
This article is about the railway constructed by Japan during World War II. For the railways of the country Burma, see
5197:
7981:
7523:
7117:
7098:
7052:
6997:
6944:
6817:
6654:
6537:
6265:"The Railway Man: Australian keeps legacy of Thailand's 'Death Railway' alive helping relatives of POWs gain closure"
4216:
3528:
3446:
2517:
7429:
6370:
6043:
5116:
7838:
6131:
4972:
4064:
3703:
2545:
2466:
2343:
The British government sold the Thai section of Burma railway to the Thai government for a total of 50 million baht
5276:
3072:
aircraft. The forced labourers repaired the bridge and by April the wooden bridge in operation. A 3 April 1945, a
7812:
7662:
5033:
4292:
4006:) gives the insight of a POW into the conditions inflicted upon the workers who built the railway. The 2001 film
3068:
In 1945 a planned US attack was cancelled due to bad weather. The two bridges were bombed on 13 February 1945 by
5513:
3453:. There is a memorial plaque at the Kwai bridge itself, and an historic wartime steam locomotive is on display.
2300:, which quickly surrendered. Thailand was forced to accept an alliance, and was used as a staging point for the
7782:
7747:
4024:
3952:
3655:
3510:
3506:
2376:
5693:
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railway and build a monument to the horrors these victims went through, as well as their surviving families.
2670:
and other prison camps in Southeast Asia began in May 1942. On 23 June 1942, 600 British soldiers arrived at
2555:
2297:
467:
7257:. Short online film about prisoners of the Japanese during World War II based on the book by Richard Kandler
4904:
7874:
7575:
7486:
6749:
5063:
4797:
4384:
4018:
3686:
2485:
555:
511:
308:
6289:
4410:
3950:
provide a social and economic analysis of the railway's construction and its civilian builders. The book
3385:, near Kanchanaburi, has a further 1,693 Allied war graves: 1,373 British, 314 Dutch and 6 members of the
7986:
7757:
7752:
7691:
7528:
7492:
7453:
4622:
3457:
3076:
2537:
5302:
2323:. This route was vulnerable to attack by Allied submarines, especially after the Japanese defeat at the
7777:
7437:
5745:
4119:
3765:, Romanian-born Canadian physician (1901–1969), a.k.a. the "Jungle Surgeon", who enlisted with the RAMC
2959:
2308:
6395:
5806:
5642:
3964:
centres on a group of Australian POWs and their experiences building the railway, and was awarded the
7843:
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7458:
7448:
5908:
5585:
5560:
5535:
5327:
4828:
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Several museums are dedicated to those who perished building the railway. The largest of these is at
3404:
3356:
3339:
2744:
2481:
756:
421:
337:
163:
20:
2990:
A key feature of the line is Bridge 277 built over a stretch of the river then known as part of the
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3499:
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2521:
2474:
2265:
934:
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3396:. Of the 668 US personnel forced to work on the railway, 133 died. This included personnel from
2512:) The portion in use today is some 130 km (81 mi) long. The line was abandoned beyond
7936:
6857:
5938:"Birma-Siam Spoorweg en de Pakan Baroe Spoorweg. Deel 8 De tragedie van de Birma-Siam Spoorweg"
4003:
3998:
3809:
3756:
3751:
2450:
2434:
Burma, Malaya, Singapore and the Straits Settlements. On 16 January 1946, the British ordered
2407:
2979:
2600:
7621:
7585:
3965:
3382:
2533:
2509:
2411:
47:
3411:
as their fate was unknown to the United States for more than two years after their capture.
2994:
River. The greater part of the Thai section of the river's route followed the valley of the
7853:
7580:
7310:
Articles on the Australian medical personnel working on the railway. Also sketches by POWs.
7044:
6886:
5831:
5431:
4016:. The construction of the railway was the subject of a fictional award-winning 1957 film,
3790:, British former Olympic swimmer and RAOC major, awarded MBE for his leadership at the site
3717:
3659:
3615:
3073:
2720:
2691:
37:
6914:
The Prisoner List: A true story of defeat, captivity and salvation in the Far East 1941–45
2937:
experience, suffered no deaths at all. Another group, numbering 190 US personnel, to whom
2480:
After the war, the railway was in poor condition and needed reconstruction for use by the
2335:
Civilian workers during the construction of the railway between June 1942 and October 1943
8:
7915:
7314:
7266:
7158:
The Forgotten Highlander – My incredible story of survival during the war in the Far East
6986:
6739:
5988:
4850:"Historical Fact on the Burma Death Railroad Thailand Hellfire pass Prisoners conditions"
4083:
3990:
3899:
3769:
3426:
3397:
3386:
3368:
3350:
3343:
3294:
3029:
to construct the bridge. Initially, 1,000 prisoners worked on the bridge, led by Colonel
2759:
2748:
2549:
2525:
2513:
1733:
959:
124:
7616:
5882:
5771:"Aerial photograph of Kanchanaburi, Thailand during a raid by Allied aircraft including"
3888:, former Gordon Highlander, born in Aberdeen, Scotland. (1919–2016), author of the book
3618:, artist best known for his work recording the lives of prisoners of war in World War II
3302:
2707:
7345:
7339:
7333:
7327:
7156:
6933:
4359:
4209:
Japan's Holocaust: History of Imperial Japan's Mass Murder and Rape During World War II
3876:
3851:
3694:(d. 2008) Australian soldier, journalist and campaigner for recognition of Weary Dunlop
3562:
3109:
The cutting at Hellfire Pass was one of the most difficult and deadly sections to build
2786:
2567:
2285:
1517:
533:
6348:
5601:
Trial was for F-force which lost 3,000 out of 7,000 men. Sonkrai was a part of F-force
7833:
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7113:
7094:
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94:
83:
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With Only the Will to Live: Accounts of Americans in Japanese Prison Camps 1941–1945
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577:
201:
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Our Days Were Years: History of the "Lost Battalion," 2nd Battalion, 36th Division
3668:(1907–1993), Australian surgeon renowned for his leadership of POWs on the railway
7590:
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The first locomotive used for goods transport on the Death Railway on display in
2339:
2312:
2296:
Thailand was a neutral country at the onset of World War II. On 8 December 1941,
2289:
601:
43:
5223:
2573:
2402:
kilometre 263, about 18 km (11 mi) south of the Three Pagodas Pass at
2389:
2347:
7884:
7869:
7253:
7220:
The Burma Road: The Epic Story of the China-Burma-India Theater in World War II
7183:
Memoires of a Dutch POW who survived 15 camps on Java, in Thailand and in Japan
6068:
4133:
4045:
3671:
3645:
3629:
3414:
3037:
2918:
2779:
2609:
2373:
2254:
2220:
7363:
6754:
The Line: A Man's Experience of the Burma Railway; A Son's Quest to Understand
3818:(1907–2000), Cricket writer and broadcaster. Mentioned in his autobiography –
3587:(1911–1984), Dutch politician and diplomat, government minister and ambassador
3374:
7930:
7385:
7372:
6805:
6793:
5770:
5719:
4157:
4013:
3957:
3898:(1917–1999), literary critic, literary historian and professor of English at
3875:(1921–2015), Deputy Leader of the Australian Labor Party and minister in the
3856:
3815:
3805:
3787:
3740:
3709:
3605:
3434:
3422:
3349:
A memorial plaque at the Kanchanaburi cemetery lists 11 other members of the
3125:
3100:
3030:
3019:
2736:
2675:
2663:
2505:
2496:หนองปลาดุก) was finished; on the first of April 1952, the next section up to
2493:
2249:
1026:
6798:
Through the Valley of the Kwai: From Death-Camp Despair to Spiritual Triumph
6685:
Railroad of Death: The Original, Classic Account of the 'River Kwai' Railway
5406:
3338:(CWGC) are for the Allied military personnel who died on the Burma Railway.
3105:
6459:
4164:
3799:
3713:
3665:
3625:
3442:
3393:
3360:
2986:
by Leo Rawlings (1943) of four POWs during the first bridge's construction.
2953:
At the end of World War II, 111 Japanese military officials were tried for
2826:
2770:
One of the accounts from the British military perspective was John Coast's
2683:
2560:
2501:
2369:
2364:
2352:
2224:
2212:
2118:
138:
102:
7503:
6988:
The Railway Man: A POW's Searing Account of War, Brutality and Forgiveness
7828:
7324:, by Len (Snowie) Baynes, a first-hand account of working on the Railway.
7011:
Surviving the Sword: Prisoners of the Japanese in the Far East, 1942–1945
6420:
3843:
3675:
3593:, British theatrical producer in Chungkai, Kachu Mountain, and Nakhon Nai
3571:, businessman, public figure and arts administrator in the United Kingdom
3554:
3346:(including British officers), 2 New Zealanders, 2 Danes and 8 Canadians.
2930:
2822:
2728:
2430:
Within a year of the Second World War, Britain, while facing bankruptcy,
2320:
1843:
1777:
281:
253:
6850:
The Burma-Siam Railway: The Secret Diary of Dr. Robert Hardie, 1942–1945
6647:
Towards The Setting Sun: An escape from the Thailand–Burma Railway, 1943
5224:"The Thailand-Burma Railway, 1942–1946: documents and selected writings"
4798:"Stolen Years: Australian prisoners of war – The Burma–Thailand Railway"
3772:, British mathematician, started a POW university for his fellow workers
7879:
6981:
6869:
5857:
5613:
3746:
3722:
3513: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3364:
2954:
2443:
2438:
to remove a four-kilometre stretch of rail between Nikki (Ni Thea) and
1557:
153:
7248:
7082:
Thailand's Secret War: The Free Thai, OSS, and SOE During World War II
6498:
3913:
A Baba Boyhood: Growing up during the Japanese Occupation of Singapore
2548:
branch lines. Parts of the abandoned route have been converted into a
4533:
3825:
3681:
Arch Flanagan (1915–2013), Australian soldier and father of novelist
3590:
3210:
2991:
2914:
2754:
2679:
2667:
2647:
2473:
had collapsed. After the accident, it was decided to end the line at
1247:
6731:
The War Diaries of Weary Dunlop: Java and the Burma-Thailand Railway
3488:
3378:
Cenotaph for the victims, built by Japanese in Thanbyuzayat, Myanmar
2719:
Life in the POW camps was recorded at great risk by artists such as
7432:
6188:
4078:
3895:
3872:
3755:, an autobiography based on these events, which has been made into
3609:
3584:
3326:
3314:
3088:
3084:
3026:
2962:, a first lieutenant who supervised construction of the railway at
2635:
2470:
2403:
2331:
2208:
1953:
1524:
1379:
98:
51:
6701:
6666:
Last Man Out: Surviving the Burma-Thailand Death Railway: A Memoir
6165:. Department of Veterans Affairs – Australia. 2014. Archived from
3892:
in which he recalls how he survived his three years on the railway
7665:
3734:
2963:
2910:
2906:
2799:
Deaths of Allied Soldiers working on the Death Railway, 1942–1945
2439:
2232:
2228:
2216:
1467:
1049:
734:
7272:
Works of Ashley George Old held by the State Library of Victoria
7261:
6956:
Building the Death Railway: The Ordeal of American POWs in Burma
6549:
The Japanese Occupation of Malaya: A Social and Economic History
5389:
5387:
3933:
The Japanese Occupation of Malaya: A Social and Economic History
3353:, these Indian officers are buried in nearby Muslim cemeteries.
2276:
7309:
7243:
7179:
Berichten van 612 aan het thuisfront – Zuidoost-Azië, 1940–1945
6472:
3981:
recovering the dead and burying them in the Wat Yuan Cemetery.
3648:. He wrote one of the earliest and most respected POW memoirs,
3418:
2763:
2415:
1093:
6722:
Prisoners of the Japanese: POWs of World War II in the Pacific
5117:"The forgotten Malayan labourers of Burma Railway during WWII"
5001:"Hellfire Pass Interpretive Centre and Memorial Walking Trail"
3371:(including British officers), 3 New Zealanders and 1 Canadian.
2449:
In October 1946, the Thai section of the line was sold to the
5384:
4516:
4514:
2651:
2248:
At least 250,000 Southeast Asian civilians were subjected to
1528:
106:
7064:
Horror in the East: Japan and the Atrocities of World War II
6713:
The Man Behind the Bridge: Colonel Toosey and the River Kwai
4751:
7303:
4411:"Yamashita: the greatest Japanese general of World War II?"
3678:
at the hands of Japanese soldiers while working on the line
2516:; the steel rails were salvaged for reuse in expanding the
2469:—were killed on an inspection tour because the bridge near
6862:
The Brave Japanese (Original title, The Road To Hiroshima)
5488:
5486:
4511:
4152:
7202:
Long Way Back to the River Kwai: Memories of World War II
5372:
4237:"Cast into oblivion: Malayan Tamils of the Death Railway"
3392:
The remains of United States armed forces personnel were
2929:
had been born there, were long-term residents and/or had
2662:
The movement of captured British soldiers northward from
6439:"Death of man thought to be Burma Railway last survivor"
4603:
3943:
The Thai Resistance Movement during the Second World War
3129:
Along the Death Railway in 2004, River Khwae on the left
3025:
On 26 October 1942, British prisoners of war arrived at
2974:
7229:
The Japanese Thrust – Australia in the War of 1939–1945
6935:
River Kwai Railway: The Story of the Burma–Siam Railway
5483:
5471:
4683:"Distances between camps on the Burma-Thailand Railway"
4429:
3859:, senior Allied officer at the Bridge on the River Kwai
3834:(1911–2006), Australian politician and minister in the
4956:
Maryborough Chronicle, Wide Bay and Burnett Advertiser
4310:
4012:
is based on the autobiography of British Army captain
3971:
2785:
The construction of the Burma Railway is counted as a
2758:
Australian and Dutch prisoners of war, suffering from
2235:, Burma. The name used by the Japanese Government was
7213:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co. Inc, Publishers.
7088:
7073:
Death's Railway: A Merchant Mariner on the River Kwai
6748:
6530:
Revisiting the Death Railway: The Survivors' Accounts
4117:
3923:
Revisiting the Death Railway: The Survivors’ Accounts
3867:
Survivor on the River Kwai: Life on the Burma Railway
3731:(1919–2024), believed to be the last living survivor.
2284:
A railway route between Burma and Thailand, crossing
7147:
A Thousand Cups of Rice: Surviving the Death Railway
4559:"Burma-Siam Railway - Australia receives no payment"
4330:"The Japanese invasion of Thailand, 8 December 1941"
3920:
and an anthology of the experiences of survivors in
3599:(1918–2018), Australian senator and minister in the
3545:(1909–1985), Australian senator and minister in the
3456:
A preserved section of line has been rebuilt at the
6683:Coast, John; Noszlopy, Laura; Nash, Justin (2014).
6649:. London and Chichester: Phillimore & Co. Ltd.
4022:(itself an adaptation of the French language novel
7155:
7008:
6985:
6932:
6890:
6833:. Chippenham, Wilts, UK: Mainline & Maritime.
6605:
5694:"Forgotten Sikhs of the Siam -Burma Death Railway"
5672:2/4th Machine Gun Battalion Ex Members Association
5086:"Stories of Death Railway heroes to be kept alive"
4585:"Grote schade aan materiaal der N.I. Spoorweg Mij"
4268:"Remembering Malayan victims of the Death Railway"
2477:and reuse the remainder to rehabilitate the line.
7112:. Sydney: Angus & Robertson (later Penguin).
6682:
5393:
5274:
4776:. DigitalCommons@Macalester College. p. 47.
3989:In 2017 the youth news and lifestyle platform of
3638:, chief Australian medical officer on the railway
3156:
2702:
2203:, is a 415 km (258 mi) railway between
7928:
6778:. North Sydney, N.S.W.: Random House Australia.
6568:The Thai Resistance Movement During World War II
6491:
4928:The Railway Atlas of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia
3161:Iron bridge across Kwae Yai River at Tha Makham
2905:In addition to malnutrition and physical abuse,
1513:
303:
6963:La Forte, Robert S.; et al., eds. (1994).
6603:
6589:. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish International.
5691:
4995:
4993:
3010:was frequently mispronounced by the English as
7185:] (in Dutch). Leiden, Netherlands: Lucas.
7032:The Will to Survive, A Private's View as a POW
5057:
5055:
5053:
5051:
4769:
3403:and the 131st Field Artillery Regiment of the
2446:, and the roadbed was returned to the jungle.
2240:
7952:Japanese prisoner of war and internment camps
7648:
7415:
7176:
6118:
6116:
6114:
4265:
3984:
3044:
7249:The Tomb of 10,000 Souls Wat Thavorn Wararam
6967:. Wilmington, Delaware: Scholarly Resources.
6744:. Saint Paul, Minnesota: Macalester College.
6532:. Kuala Lumpur: Universiti of Malaya Press.
5221:
4990:
4647:
4645:
4643:
4193:. Thailand-Burma Railway Centre. p. 10.
3956:is an autobiography of British Army captain
2682:on 14 May 1942 and journeyed by sea to near
2528:double track, rehabilitating the track from
2508:น้ำตก, 'waterfall', referring to the nearby
2245:), which means Thailand-Burma-Link-Railway.
6885:
6702:Commonwealth War Graves Commission (2000).
5935:
5717:
5454:
5452:
5300:
5048:
4925:
4844:
4842:
4385:"How was Thailand Impacted in World War 2?"
3289:
3062:The Bangkok-Moulmein Railway of Evil Memory
2372:, were brought from dismantled branches of
7655:
7641:
7422:
7408:
6163:The Thai-Burma Railway & Hellfire Pass
6111:
5931:
5929:
5743:
5660:
5612:
5510:The Thai-Burma Railway & Hellfire Pass
5114:
5030:The Thai-Burma Railway & Hellfire Pass
4973:"Date & Events of Railway in Thailand"
2969:
2484:system. On 24 June 1949, the portion from
7211:Prisoners of the Japanese in World War II
7208:
7006:
6876:
6733:. Ringwood, Victoria, Aus: Penguin Books.
6704:The Burma-Siam Railway and its Cemeteries
6527:
6371:"Steam Locomotive 457 Henchel & Sohn"
5668:"Tamarkan, Tha Makham 56.20km - Thailand"
5635:
4967:
4965:
4829:"メクロンの永久橋-実録-戦場にかける橋-塚本和也-鉄道ファン1981年11月号"
4826:
4757:
4640:
4609:
4520:
4316:
4230:
4228:
3529:Learn how and when to remove this message
2792:
2625:, Thai, and other Southeast Asians, were
2536:, and constructing both the Nong Pla Duk–
2397:built by civilian and POWs on the railway
7977:South-East Asian theatre of World War II
7475:Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand
7153:
7144:
7089:Richards, Rowley; Marcia McEwan (1989).
7079:
7070:
7029:
6962:
6953:
6856:
6770:
6737:
6181:
6153:
6151:
6149:
5458:
5449:
5378:
5242:
5195:
5143:The National Union of Plantation workers
5005:Australian Department of Veteran Affairs
4839:
4048:, there in 2017 for the first season of
3869:, Private in the Leicestershire Regiment
3413:
3373:
3309:
3301:
3293:
3124:
3104:
3056:
3048:
2978:
2753:
2706:
2599:
2572:
2554:
2388:
2346:
2338:
2330:
2275:
7226:
7217:
7199:
7084:. New York: Cambridge University Press.
6971:
6911:
6663:
6644:
6635:
6565:
6546:
6038:
6036:
5926:
4865:
4863:
4773:The Thailand-Burma Railway: An Overview
4734:"The Death Railway - A Dutch viewpoint"
4234:
4188:
3298:Memorial Pagoda to the Civilian Workers
2711:Asian Civilians during the construction
2595:
7929:
7277:Australian Government death statistics
7126:
7107:
6930:
6847:
6804:
6792:
6728:
6710:
6626:
5268:
5155:
5061:
4962:
4487:
4485:
4225:
4182:
4051:Jack Whitehall: Travels with My Father
3759:starring Colin Firth and Nicole Kidman
3425:used on the Death Railway displays at
3215:Wooden trestle across Songkalia River
3179:Wooden trestle edging Khwae Noi River
3120:
2351:Abandoned section of Death Railway in
7947:History of rail transport in Thailand
7636:
7403:
7304:Prisoner of War FX Larkin NX43393 AIF
6980:
6826:
6551:. Singapore: NUS Press; 2nd edition.
6146:
5461:The Southwestern Historical Quarterly
4930:. White Lotus Press. pp. 69–70.
4827:Tsukamoto, Kazuya (1 November 1981).
4822:
4820:
4818:
4293:"Remembering Death Railway labourers"
3910:Accounts of the construction include
3808:, British cartoonist, creator of the
3658:, founder and the first Principal of
3468:
2975:Bridge 277: Bridge on the River Khwae
2227:. It completed the rail link between
7906:History of rail transport in Myanmar
7231:. Canberra: Australian War Memorial.
7135:
7061:
7038:
6724:. New York: William Morrow & Co.
6719:
6604:Blair, Clay Jr.; Joan Blair (1979).
6584:
6465:
6033:
5622:House of Parliament – Commons Debate
5492:
5477:
5083:
4860:
4615:
4435:
4203:
3511:adding citations to reliable sources
3482:
3463:
3245:Wooden trestle across Zamithi River
2948:
7901:List of railway stations in Myanmar
7131:. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press.
5026:"The Enemy: Treatment of prisoners"
4482:
4235:Boggett, David (22 November 2015).
3972:Death Railway Interest Group (DRIG)
3905:
3478:
3334:Three cemeteries maintained by the
3278:Wooden trestle across Anakui River
3230:Wooden trestle across Mekaza River
2657:
13:
7129:To the Kwai and Back: War Drawings
7075:. Palo Alto, CA: Glencannon Press.
6879:From China Burma India to the Kwai
6612:. New York: Simon & Schuster.
6473:"The Death Railway Interest Group"
6195:. Canadian Fallen – Canadian. 2017
6128:Commonwealth War Graves Commission
6048:Commonwealth War Graves Commission
5506:"After the War: War crimes trials"
4815:
3674:, Australian soldier who survived
3449:, opened in January 2003, and the
3437:(north of the current terminus at
3336:Commonwealth War Graves Commission
3263:Steel bridge across Apalong River
3002:, 'stream, river' or 'tributary';
1658:
14:
8028:
7358:Construction of the Burma Railway
7237:
7034:. NSW, Australia: Kangaroo Press.
6958:. Wilmington, Delaware: SR Books.
6776:The Narrow Road to the Deep North
6668:. Minneapolis, MN: Zenith Press.
5140:
4031:The Narrow Road to the Deep North
3962:The Narrow Road to the Deep North
7967:Logistics routes of World War II
7664:
7607:Locomotives & Multiple Units
7550:Commuter and Inter-city stations
7502:
7431:
7222:. New York: Straus & Giroux.
6916:. London: Marsworth Publishing.
6503:The Death Railway Interest Group
6477:The Death Railway Interest Group
5084:Kaur, Minderjeet (9 July 2016).
4897:"The Bridge Over The River Kwae"
4875:Western Star and Roma Advertiser
4163:
4151:
4139:
4127:
3666:Sir Ernest Edward "Weary" Dunlop
3644:(1916–1989), British writer and
3487:
3407:. The Americans were called the
3094:
3022:; in English, 'big tributary').
2604:Malayan Tamils in the work camps
2288:and following the valley of the
2137:
2130:
2108:
2082:
2075:
2053:
2031:
2009:
1987:
1965:
1943:
1921:
1899:
1877:
1855:
1833:
1811:
1789:
1767:
1745:
1723:
1701:
1679:
1657:
1635:
1613:
1591:
1569:
1547:
1501:
1479:
1457:
1435:
1413:
1391:
1369:
1347:
1325:
1303:
1281:
1259:
1237:
1215:
1193:
1171:
1149:
1127:
1105:
1083:
1061:
1039:
1016:
1015:
993:
971:
949:
924:
902:
880:
858:
834:
812:
790:
768:
746:
724:
702:
680:
658:
636:
614:
590:
589:
567:
545:
523:
501:
479:
457:
435:
409:
402:
380:
374:
373:
351:
325:
36:
16:WWII Japanese Thai–Burma railway
7992:Tourist attractions in Thailand
7962:Metre gauge railways in Myanmar
7813:Yangon Urban Mass Rapid Transit
7288:2/3rd Machine Gun Battalion AIF
6631:. London: Secker & Warburg.
6453:
6431:
6413:
6388:
6363:
6333:
6317:. Lonely Planet. Archived from
6307:
6290:"Thailand-Burma Railway Centre"
6282:
6257:
6232:
6207:
6086:
6061:
6007:
5981:
5956:
5901:
5875:
5850:
5824:
5799:
5788:
5763:
5737:
5711:
5685:
5618:"Bound Volume Hansard – Debate"
5606:
5578:
5553:
5528:
5498:
5424:
5399:
5394:Coast, Noszlopy & Nash 2014
5346:
5320:
5294:
5215:
5189:
5164:
5149:
5134:
5108:
5077:
5018:
4952:"Death plunge On Burma Railway"
4944:
4919:
4889:
4790:
4763:
4726:
4700:
4675:
4577:
4551:
4526:
4452:
4441:
4403:
3498:needs additional citations for
3053:Destroyed bridge (date unknown)
2131:
2083:
2076:
381:
7352:Death Railway list for redress
7346:Thanbyuzayat War Cemetery CWGC
7328:Kanchanaburi War Cemetery CWGC
7262:Burma railway trip report 2012
7204:. New York: Arcade Publishing.
6852:. London: Imperial War Museum.
6800:. New York: Harper & Bros.
6570:. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books.
5228:Library of Stanford University
5172:"Pakan Baroe Sumatra-spoorweg"
4708:"Kampen aan de Birma-spoorweg"
4377:
4352:
4322:
4285:
4259:
4197:
4025:The Bridge over the River Kwai
3953:Through the Valley of the Kwai
3656:Col. John Harold Henry Coombes
2796:
2703:Conditions during construction
2520:railway yard, reinforcing the
2377:Federated Malay States Railway
950:
835:
410:
1:
7524:Commuter and Inter-city lines
7177:Van der Molen, Evert (2012).
7041:One Fourteenth of an Elephant
6706:. England: Information sheet.
6528:Sellappah, Sasidaran (2019).
5993:Japanese Krijgsgevangenkampen
5887:Japanese Krijgsgevangenkampen
5836:Japanese Krijgsgevangenkampen
5795:Plague on the Kwae Yai bridge
5407:"Singapore War Crimes Trials"
5176:Japanese Krijgsgevangenkampen
4176:
3447:Thailand–Burma Railway Centre
3389:(including British officers)
2697:
2359:The project aimed to connect
2309:Japanese forces invaded Burma
2199:and similar names, or as the
2054:
2032:
2010:
1988:
1966:
1944:
1922:
1900:
1878:
1856:
1834:
1812:
1790:
1768:
1746:
1724:
1702:
1680:
1636:
1614:
1592:
1570:
1548:
1502:
1480:
1458:
1436:
1414:
1392:
1370:
1348:
1326:
1304:
1282:
1260:
1238:
1216:
1194:
1172:
1150:
1128:
1106:
1084:
1062:
1040:
994:
972:
326:
42:The railroad bridge over the
8012:Railway lines opened in 1957
8007:Railway lines closed in 1947
8002:Railway lines opened in 1943
7957:Japanese war crimes in Burma
7576:Eastern and Oriental Express
7487:Bangkok Expressway and Metro
7244:Death Railway Interest Group
6954:La Forte, Robert S. (1993).
6881:. Waco, Texas: Texian Press.
6830:The River Kwai Railway Today
5358:Japanse Krijgsgevangenkampen
5332:Japanse Krijgsgevangenkampen
5254:Japanse Krijgsgevangenkampen
4712:Japanse Krijgsgevangenkampen
4493:"The Thailand-Burma Railway"
4360:"10.2 The Dec 1941 Invasion"
4019:The Bridge on the River Kwai
3865:(1913–2013), British author
3064:by J.A.E. Rutherford (1946).
2787:war crime committed by Japan
2644:Sumatra or Palembang Railway
2581:
2138:
903:
881:
791:
725:
703:
659:
637:
615:
524:
436:
7:
8017:Military logistics of Japan
7997:World War II sites in Burma
7493:Bangkok Mass Transit System
7454:High-speed rail in Thailand
7154:Urquhart, Alistair (2010).
7140:. Quanah, TX: Nortex Press.
7080:Reynolds, E. Bruce (2005).
6756:. Melbourne: One Day Hill.
6664:Charles, H. Robert (2006).
6215:"Kanchanaburi War Cemetery"
6044:"Kanchanaburi War Cemetery"
5590:Singapore War Crimes Trials
5586:"Banno Hirateru and others"
5540:Singapore War Crimes Trials
5411:Singapore War Crimes Trials
5328:"Thailand Treintransporten"
4211:. Knox Press. p. 131.
4057:
3624:(1919–1979), headmaster of
3458:National Memorial Arboretum
3171:400 m (1,300 ft)
3153:322 m (1,056 ft)
2845:Dutch East Indies
2586:
2425:
2406:(nowadays: Kaeng Khoi Tha,
2109:
925:
859:
813:
769:
747:
681:
568:
546:
502:
480:
458:
403:
352:
10:
8033:
7942:Myanmar–Thailand relations
7438:Rail transport in Thailand
7340:Chungkai War Cemetery CWGC
7334:Kanchanaburi Memorial CWGC
7282:Allied POWS under Japanese
7149:. Austin, TX: Eakin Press.
7108:Rivett, Rohan D. (1992) .
7093:. Sydney: Kangaroo Press.
7030:McLaggan, Douglas (1995).
7015:. New York: Random House.
6992:. New York: W. W. Norton.
6636:Bradden, Russell (2001) .
6608:Return from the River Kwai
6520:
6499:"The Tomb of 10,000 Souls"
6345:US POWs Thai-Burma Railway
6341:"14.3 Thai-anusorn Shrine"
6015:"Graven van Krijsgevangen"
5862:US POWs Thai-Burma Railway
5744:Bob Bergin (7 July 2021).
5536:"Ishida Eiguma and others"
5354:"Birma Scheepstransporten"
4657:US POWs Thai-Burma Railway
4464:US POWs Thai-Burma Railway
4364:US POWs Thai-Burma Railway
3985:Cultural impact and legacy
3098:
3045:Bombardments of Bridge 277
2984:Bridge over the River Kwai
2577:The start point in Myanmar
2467:Thai Minister of Transport
2271:
18:
7972:Railway lines in Thailand
7893:
7862:
7821:
7808:Mandalay Circular Railway
7795:
7740:
7684:
7677:
7671:Rail transport in Myanmar
7599:
7568:
7537:
7511:
7500:
7481:State Railway of Thailand
7467:
7459:Rail transport in Bangkok
7449:Rapid transit in Thailand
7444:
7218:Webster, Donovan (2003).
7162:. London: Little, Brown.
7071:Reminick, Gerald (2002).
7007:MacArthur, Brian (2005).
6931:Kinvig, Clifford (1992).
6912:Kandler, Richard (2010).
6711:Davies, Peter N. (1991).
6566:Haseman, John B. (2002).
6547:Kratosk, Paul H. (2018).
5746:"Bombing Burma's Bridges"
5064:"Death Railway Movements"
4871:"Burma-Siam railway sold"
4653:"8.12 Konkoita mtg point"
4074:Far East prisoners of war
3405:Texas Army National Guard
3363:, 65 kilometres south of
3357:Thanbyuzayat War Cemetery
3340:Kanchanaburi War Cemetery
3306:Kanchanaburi War Cemetery
2887:
2873:
2859:
2841:
2820:
2815:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2745:State Library of Victoria
2436:Japanese Prisoners of War
2241:
2146:
2124:
2117:
2102:
2091:
2069:
2062:
2047:
2040:
2025:
2018:
2003:
1996:
1981:
1974:
1959:
1952:
1937:
1930:
1915:
1908:
1893:
1886:
1871:
1864:
1849:
1842:
1827:
1820:
1805:
1798:
1783:
1776:
1761:
1754:
1739:
1732:
1717:
1710:
1695:
1688:
1673:
1666:
1651:
1644:
1629:
1622:
1607:
1600:
1585:
1578:
1563:
1556:
1541:
1510:
1495:
1488:
1473:
1466:
1451:
1444:
1429:
1422:
1407:
1400:
1385:
1378:
1363:
1356:
1341:
1334:
1319:
1312:
1297:
1290:
1275:
1268:
1253:
1246:
1231:
1224:
1209:
1202:
1187:
1180:
1165:
1158:
1143:
1136:
1121:
1114:
1099:
1092:
1077:
1070:
1055:
1048:
1033:
1024:
1009:
1002:
987:
980:
965:
958:
943:
933:
918:
911:
896:
889:
874:
867:
852:
843:
828:
821:
806:
799:
784:
777:
762:
755:
740:
733:
718:
711:
696:
689:
674:
667:
652:
645:
630:
623:
608:
598:
583:
576:
561:
554:
539:
532:
517:
510:
495:
488:
473:
466:
451:
444:
429:
422:State Railway of Thailand
418:
396:
389:
367:
360:
345:
338:State Railway of Thailand
334:
319:
288:
252:
248:415 km (258 mi)
244:
239:
223:
212:1 February 1947
208:
197:
186:25 October 1943
182:
174:
169:
164:State Railway of Thailand
159:
149:
144:
133:
112:
90:
78:
64:
59:
35:
30:
21:Rail transport in Myanmar
7982:Thailand in World War II
7320:12 February 2011 at the
7227:Wigmore, Lionel (1957).
7136:Teel, Horace G. (1978).
7066:. Boston: Da Capo Press.
7039:Peek, Ian Denys (2003).
6974:Burma: The Forgotten War
6827:Green, Peter J. (2017).
6752:; Arch Flanagan (2005).
6738:Eldredge, Sears (2010).
6715:. London: Athlone Press.
6629:Bridge on the River Kwai
6396:"Burma Railway Memorial"
6269:South China Morning Post
5720:"USS PAMPANITO (SS-383)"
4095:Siam–Burma Death Railway
3960:. Flanagan's 2013 book
3890:The Forgotten Highlander
3820:Sort of a Cricket Person
3290:Cemeteries and memorials
3273:60 m (200 ft)
3255:50 m (160 ft)
3240:75 m (246 ft)
3225:56 m (184 ft)
3207:90 m (300 ft)
2280:Map of the Death Railway
2237:Tai–Men Rensetsu Tetsudō
7803:Yangon Circular Railway
7209:Waterford, Van (1994).
7145:Thompson, Kyle (1994).
7127:Searle, Ronald (1986).
7062:Rees, Laurence (2001).
6848:Hardie, Robert (1983).
6687:. Newcastle: Myrmidon.
6645:Bradley, James (1982).
6627:Boulle, Pierre (1954).
6021:(in Dutch). 8 June 1946
5750:Warfare History Network
5275:Frederick Noel Taylor.
4802:Australian War Memorial
4770:Sears Eldredge (2014).
4687:Australian War Memorial
4591:(in Dutch). 3 July 1947
4460:"20.3 BanPong Incident"
4044:brought his son, comic
3918:William Gwee Thian Hock
3757:a film of the same name
3622:Anthony Chenevix-Trench
2970:Features of the Railway
2741:Australian War Memorial
7555:Bridges & viaducts
7545:Rapid transit stations
7200:Velmans, Loet (2003).
6976:. London: John Murray.
6877:Henderson, W. (1991).
6729:Dunlop, E. E. (1986).
6585:Gwee, William (2013).
6240:"Death Railway Museum"
6130:. 2012. Archived from
5160:(in Tamil). p. 4.
5156:விசயகுமார், க. (ed.).
4191:The Thai-Burma Railway
3768:Tan Sri Professor Sir
3716:dean of the chapel at
3579:In the Shadow of Death
3430:
3379:
3318:
3307:
3299:
3130:
3110:
3065:
3054:
2987:
2793:Death rates and causes
2767:
2712:
2605:
2578:
2563:
2451:Government of Thailand
2408:Sangkhla Buri District
2398:
2356:
2344:
2336:
2298:Japan invaded Thailand
2281:
7712:Pyinmana–Kyaukpadaung
7622:Siemens Modular Metro
7586:International Express
7386:14.04083°N 99.50306°E
6972:Latimer, Jon (2004).
6939:. London: Brassey's.
6887:Hornfischer, James D.
6640:. Edinburgh: Birlinn.
6159:"The Workers – Dutch"
6124:"Search For War Dead"
5775:Austrial War Memorial
5692:Harchand Singh Bedi.
5250:"Transporten in 1942"
4448:roll-of-honour.org.uk
4189:Beattie, Rod (2007).
4004:book of the same name
3966:2014 Man Booker Prize
3698:David Neville Ffolkes
3417:
3383:Chungkai War Cemetery
3377:
3313:
3305:
3297:
3128:
3113:Hellfire Pass in the
3108:
3060:
3052:
2982:
2757:
2710:
2603:
2576:
2561:Thanbyuzayat, Myanmar
2558:
2510:Sai Yok Noi Waterfall
2412:Kanchanaburi Province
2392:
2384:various rail networks
2350:
2342:
2334:
2279:
391:Nong Pla Duk Junction
235:(Nong Pladuk–Nam Tok)
227:1 July 1958
204:and civilian laborers
48:Kanchanaburi Province
7854:Madaya Light Railway
7839:Hlaingthaya–Hinthada
7581:Nakhon Phing Express
6897:. New York: Bantam.
6720:Daws, Gavan (1994).
5989:"Anakwin – 369 (46)"
4926:B. R. Whyte (2010).
3718:Princeton University
3660:Cadet College Petaro
3616:Jack Bridger Chalker
3507:improve this article
2721:Jack Bridger Chalker
2596:Trafficked civilians
2215:, Burma (now called
2191:, also known as the
137:Nam Tok Sai Yok Noi–
120:Nong Pladuk Junction
7916:Burma Mines Railway
7707:Taungdwingyi–Magway
7519:Rapid transit lines
7382: /
7091:The Survival Factor
6098:Cambridge Core Blog
6073:Cambridge Core Blog
5968:Far East POW Family
5913:Far East POW Family
5811:Far East POW Family
5647:Far East POW Family
5616:(4 December 1996).
5565:Far East POW Family
5495:, pp. 223–243.
5480:, pp. 242–243.
5432:"The Death Railway"
5096:on 12 February 2020
4856:on 18 January 2012.
4760:, pp. 238–239.
4627:Far East POW Family
4563:The West Australian
4534:"The Japanese Plan"
4438:, pp. 183–184.
4391:. 28 September 2021
4266:P. Chandrasekaran.
4084:Kra Isthmus Railway
3996:The motion picture
3991:The Star (Malaysia)
3928:Sasidaran Sellappah
3900:Stanford University
3852:McMahon governments
3832:Sir Reginald Swartz
3810:St Trinian's School
3778:, British physician
3770:Alexander Oppenheim
3575:Idris James Barwick
3563:McMahon governments
3427:Yasukuni War Museum
3387:British Indian Army
3369:British Indian Army
3351:British Indian Army
3344:British Indian Army
3193:Three-Tiered Bridge
3121:Significant bridges
2803:
2766:in Thailand in 1943
2749:Imperial War Museum
2530:Thung Song Junction
2526:Ban Phachi Junction
2514:Nam Tok Sai Yok Noi
2302:attack on Singapore
960:Nam Tok Sai Yok Noi
125:Nam Tok Sai Yok Noi
7987:Strategic railways
7849:Nyaunglebin–Madauk
7783:Shwenyaung–Mongnai
7748:Mandalay–Myitkyina
7717:Kyaukpadaung–Chauk
7391:14.04083; 99.50306
7354:for reference only
7348:for reference only
7342:for reference only
7336:for reference only
7330:for reference only
7290:for reference only
7284:for reference only
6351:on 1 February 2022
6315:"JEATH War Museum"
6169:on 27 January 2014
5942:Indisch Historisch
5436:Diplomatic Courier
5281:Far Eastern Heroes
5277:"Railway of Death"
5230:. p. Contents
5222:Paul H. Kratoska.
5202:Far Eastern Heroes
5198:"The Thai Railway"
5062:MacPherson, Neil.
5036:on 15 January 2015
4958:. 7 February 1947.
4663:on 30 January 2022
4470:on 29 January 2022
4389:World War 2 Planes
3469:Civilian labourers
3431:
3380:
3319:
3308:
3300:
3131:
3111:
3066:
3055:
2988:
2807:Country of origin
2797:
2768:
2713:
2686:(သံဖြူဇရပ် in the
2606:
2579:
2568:Vajiralongkorn Dam
2564:
2482:Royal Thai Railway
2399:
2357:
2345:
2337:
2286:Three Pagodas Pass
2282:
2197:Thai–Burma Railway
2193:Siam–Burma Railway
1518:Three Pagodas Pass
823:Tham Krasae Bridge
134:Former connections
74:Thai–Burma Railway
72:Siam–Burma Railway
7924:
7923:
7822:Abolished railway
7791:
7790:
7697:Yangon–Mawlamyine
7630:
7629:
7255:The Prisoner List
7192:978-90-819129-1-4
7169:978-1-4087-0211-6
7022:978-1-4000-6413-7
6923:978-0-9564881-0-7
6904:978-0-553-38450-5
6858:Harrison, Kenneth
6840:978-1-900340-45-8
6812:. HarperCollins.
6785:978-1-74166-670-0
6772:Flanagan, Richard
6763:978-0-9757708-1-8
6694:978-1-905802-93-7
6675:978-0-7603-2820-0
6619:978-0-671-24278-7
6441:. 22 January 2024
6425:www.johncoast.org
6321:on 16 August 2012
5936:H.C.P. Giesbers.
5718:C. Mike Carmody.
5301:FEPOW community.
4937:978-974-480-157-9
4877:. 11 October 1946
4783:978-0-615-57445-5
4523:, pp. 43–48.
4417:. 14 October 2014
4340:on 7 January 2013
4241:FMT News: Letters
4107:Strategic railway
4089:Military railways
4065:"Death Railway" (
4042:Michael Whitehall
3886:Alistair Urquhart
3881:Hawke governments
3704:William Frankland
3650:Railroad of Death
3636:Sir Albert Coates
3601:Fraser government
3539:
3538:
3531:
3464:Notable labourers
3287:
3286:
2949:War crimes trials
2931:Eurasian ancestry
2927:Dutch East Indies
2903:
2902:
2827:crown colony
2813:Number of deaths
2772:Railroad of Death
2733:Ashley George Old
2363:in Thailand with
2355:, Myanmar (Burma)
2317:Strait of Malacca
2185:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2173:
2172:
1822:Thanbaya POW Camp
1558:Paya-thanzu Tuang
1535:
1534:
647:Chungkai POW Camp
8024:
7732:Tanintharyi Line
7702:Pathein–Letpadan
7682:
7681:
7669:
7668:
7657:
7650:
7643:
7634:
7633:
7529:High-speed lines
7506:
7436:
7435:
7424:
7417:
7410:
7401:
7400:
7397:
7396:
7394:
7393:
7392:
7387:
7383:
7380:
7379:
7378:
7375:
7315:The Will to Live
7232:
7223:
7214:
7205:
7196:
7173:
7161:
7150:
7141:
7132:
7123:
7104:
7085:
7076:
7067:
7058:
7035:
7026:
7014:
7003:
6991:
6977:
6968:
6959:
6950:
6938:
6927:
6908:
6896:
6882:
6873:
6864:. Guy Harrison.
6853:
6844:
6823:
6801:
6789:
6767:
6750:Flanagan, Martin
6745:
6734:
6725:
6716:
6707:
6698:
6679:
6660:
6641:
6638:The Naked Island
6632:
6623:
6611:
6600:
6581:
6562:
6543:
6515:
6514:
6512:
6510:
6495:
6489:
6488:
6486:
6484:
6469:
6463:
6457:
6451:
6450:
6448:
6446:
6435:
6429:
6428:
6417:
6411:
6410:
6408:
6406:
6392:
6386:
6385:
6383:
6381:
6367:
6361:
6360:
6358:
6356:
6347:. Archived from
6337:
6331:
6330:
6328:
6326:
6311:
6305:
6304:
6302:
6300:
6286:
6280:
6279:
6277:
6275:
6261:
6255:
6254:
6252:
6250:
6236:
6230:
6229:
6227:
6225:
6211:
6205:
6204:
6202:
6200:
6185:
6179:
6178:
6176:
6174:
6155:
6144:
6143:
6141:
6139:
6134:on 7 August 2012
6120:
6109:
6108:
6106:
6104:
6090:
6084:
6083:
6081:
6079:
6065:
6059:
6058:
6056:
6054:
6040:
6031:
6030:
6028:
6026:
6011:
6005:
6004:
6002:
6000:
5985:
5979:
5978:
5976:
5974:
5960:
5954:
5953:
5951:
5949:
5933:
5924:
5923:
5921:
5919:
5905:
5899:
5898:
5896:
5894:
5879:
5873:
5872:
5870:
5868:
5854:
5848:
5847:
5845:
5843:
5828:
5822:
5821:
5819:
5817:
5803:
5797:
5792:
5786:
5785:
5783:
5781:
5767:
5761:
5760:
5758:
5756:
5741:
5735:
5734:
5732:
5730:
5715:
5709:
5708:
5706:
5704:
5689:
5683:
5682:
5680:
5678:
5664:
5658:
5657:
5655:
5653:
5639:
5633:
5632:
5630:
5628:
5610:
5604:
5603:
5598:
5596:
5582:
5576:
5575:
5573:
5571:
5557:
5551:
5550:
5548:
5546:
5532:
5526:
5525:
5523:
5521:
5516:on 20 April 2013
5512:. Archived from
5502:
5496:
5490:
5481:
5475:
5469:
5468:
5456:
5447:
5446:
5444:
5442:
5428:
5422:
5421:
5419:
5417:
5403:
5397:
5391:
5382:
5381:, p. xxxiv.
5376:
5370:
5369:
5367:
5365:
5350:
5344:
5343:
5341:
5339:
5324:
5318:
5317:
5315:
5313:
5298:
5292:
5291:
5289:
5287:
5272:
5266:
5265:
5263:
5261:
5246:
5240:
5239:
5237:
5235:
5219:
5213:
5212:
5210:
5208:
5193:
5187:
5186:
5184:
5182:
5168:
5162:
5161:
5153:
5147:
5146:
5138:
5132:
5131:
5129:
5127:
5115:Patricia Hului.
5112:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5101:
5092:. Archived from
5081:
5075:
5074:
5072:
5070:
5059:
5046:
5045:
5043:
5041:
5032:. Archived from
5022:
5016:
5015:
5013:
5011:
4997:
4988:
4987:
4985:
4983:
4969:
4960:
4959:
4948:
4942:
4941:
4923:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4912:
4903:. Archived from
4893:
4887:
4886:
4884:
4882:
4867:
4858:
4857:
4852:. Archived from
4846:
4837:
4836:
4824:
4813:
4812:
4810:
4808:
4794:
4788:
4787:
4767:
4761:
4755:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4744:
4730:
4724:
4723:
4721:
4719:
4704:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4693:
4679:
4673:
4672:
4670:
4668:
4659:. Archived from
4649:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4633:
4619:
4613:
4607:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4596:
4581:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4570:
4555:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4544:
4530:
4524:
4518:
4509:
4508:
4506:
4504:
4489:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4475:
4466:. Archived from
4456:
4450:
4445:
4439:
4433:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4422:
4415:Military History
4407:
4401:
4400:
4398:
4396:
4381:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4370:
4356:
4350:
4349:
4347:
4345:
4336:. Archived from
4326:
4320:
4314:
4308:
4307:
4305:
4303:
4297:Tabla! Singapore
4289:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4278:
4263:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4252:
4247:on 10 March 2016
4243:. Archived from
4232:
4223:
4222:
4205:Rigg, Bryan Mark
4201:
4195:
4194:
4186:
4168:
4167:
4156:
4155:
4144:
4143:
4142:
4132:
4131:
4130:
4123:
4102:Slavery in Japan
4036:Richard Flanagan
3906:Notable accounts
3683:Richard Flanagan
3628:, 1964–1970 and
3597:Sir John Carrick
3569:Harold Atcherley
3543:Sir Ken Anderson
3534:
3527:
3523:
3520:
3514:
3491:
3483:
3479:Allied labourers
3451:JEATH War Museum
3211:Songkurai bridge
3175:Wang Pho Viaduct
3133:
3132:
3115:Tenasserim Hills
3018:(แควใหญ่ in the
2804:
2688:Burmese language
2672:Camp Nong Pladuk
2658:Prisoners of war
2546:Khiri Rat Nikhom
2464:
2395:Wang Pho Viaduct
2379:network and the
2325:Battle of Midway
2315:and through the
2244:
2243:
2231:, Thailand, and
2150:Myanmar Railways
2141:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2112:
2111:
2095:Myanmar Railways
2086:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2064:Sin-Thanbyuzayat
2057:
2056:
2035:
2034:
2013:
2012:
1991:
1990:
1969:
1968:
1947:
1946:
1925:
1924:
1903:
1902:
1881:
1880:
1859:
1858:
1837:
1836:
1815:
1814:
1793:
1792:
1771:
1770:
1749:
1748:
1727:
1726:
1705:
1704:
1683:
1682:
1661:
1660:
1639:
1638:
1617:
1616:
1595:
1594:
1573:
1572:
1551:
1550:
1514:
1505:
1504:
1483:
1482:
1461:
1460:
1439:
1438:
1417:
1416:
1395:
1394:
1373:
1372:
1351:
1350:
1329:
1328:
1307:
1306:
1285:
1284:
1263:
1262:
1241:
1240:
1219:
1218:
1197:
1196:
1175:
1174:
1153:
1152:
1131:
1130:
1109:
1108:
1087:
1086:
1065:
1064:
1043:
1042:
1019:
1018:
997:
996:
975:
974:
953:
952:
928:
927:
913:Tha Sao POW Camp
906:
905:
884:
883:
862:
861:
846:Wang Pho Viaduct
838:
837:
816:
815:
794:
793:
772:
771:
750:
749:
728:
727:
706:
705:
684:
683:
662:
661:
640:
639:
618:
617:
593:
592:
578:Khwae Yai Bridge
571:
570:
549:
548:
527:
526:
505:
504:
483:
482:
461:
460:
439:
438:
413:
412:
406:
405:
384:
383:
377:
376:
355:
354:
329:
328:
317:
316:
304:
290:
289:
284:
278:
276:
275:
271:
268:
260:
234:
232:
219:
217:
202:Prisoners of war
193:
191:
40:
28:
27:
8032:
8031:
8027:
8026:
8025:
8023:
8022:
8021:
7927:
7926:
7925:
7920:
7889:
7875:Thanlwin Bridge
7863:Railway bridges
7858:
7817:
7787:
7758:Yangon–Mandalay
7753:Mandalay–Lashio
7736:
7722:Pathein–Pakokku
7692:Yangon–Mandalay
7673:
7663:
7661:
7631:
7626:
7595:
7591:Thaksin Express
7564:
7533:
7507:
7498:
7468:Major operators
7463:
7440:
7430:
7428:
7390:
7388:
7384:
7381:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7369:
7368:
7322:Wayback Machine
7294:TourismThailand
7240:
7235:
7193:
7170:
7120:
7101:
7055:
7023:
7000:
6947:
6924:
6905:
6841:
6820:
6810:To End all Wars
6786:
6764:
6695:
6676:
6657:
6620:
6597:
6578:
6559:
6540:
6523:
6518:
6508:
6506:
6497:
6496:
6492:
6482:
6480:
6471:
6470:
6466:
6458:
6454:
6444:
6442:
6437:
6436:
6432:
6419:
6418:
6414:
6404:
6402:
6394:
6393:
6389:
6379:
6377:
6369:
6368:
6364:
6354:
6352:
6339:
6338:
6334:
6324:
6322:
6313:
6312:
6308:
6298:
6296:
6288:
6287:
6283:
6273:
6271:
6263:
6262:
6258:
6248:
6246:
6238:
6237:
6233:
6223:
6221:
6213:
6212:
6208:
6198:
6196:
6193:Canadian Fallen
6187:
6186:
6182:
6172:
6170:
6157:
6156:
6147:
6137:
6135:
6122:
6121:
6112:
6102:
6100:
6092:
6091:
6087:
6077:
6075:
6067:
6066:
6062:
6052:
6050:
6042:
6041:
6034:
6024:
6022:
6013:
6012:
6008:
5998:
5996:
5987:
5986:
5982:
5972:
5970:
5962:
5961:
5957:
5947:
5945:
5934:
5927:
5917:
5915:
5907:
5906:
5902:
5892:
5890:
5881:
5880:
5876:
5866:
5864:
5856:
5855:
5851:
5841:
5839:
5832:"Wang Po - 114"
5830:
5829:
5825:
5815:
5813:
5805:
5804:
5800:
5793:
5789:
5779:
5777:
5769:
5768:
5764:
5754:
5752:
5742:
5738:
5728:
5726:
5716:
5712:
5702:
5700:
5690:
5686:
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5674:
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5641:
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5626:
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5611:
5607:
5594:
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5583:
5579:
5569:
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5559:
5558:
5554:
5544:
5542:
5534:
5533:
5529:
5519:
5517:
5504:
5503:
5499:
5491:
5484:
5476:
5472:
5457:
5450:
5440:
5438:
5430:
5429:
5425:
5415:
5413:
5405:
5404:
5400:
5392:
5385:
5377:
5373:
5363:
5361:
5352:
5351:
5347:
5337:
5335:
5326:
5325:
5321:
5311:
5309:
5299:
5295:
5285:
5283:
5273:
5269:
5259:
5257:
5248:
5247:
5243:
5233:
5231:
5220:
5216:
5206:
5204:
5194:
5190:
5180:
5178:
5170:
5169:
5165:
5158:சாயம் மரண ரயில்
5154:
5150:
5139:
5135:
5125:
5123:
5113:
5109:
5099:
5097:
5082:
5078:
5068:
5066:
5060:
5049:
5039:
5037:
5024:
5023:
5019:
5009:
5007:
4999:
4998:
4991:
4981:
4979:
4971:
4970:
4963:
4950:
4949:
4945:
4938:
4924:
4920:
4910:
4908:
4895:
4894:
4890:
4880:
4878:
4869:
4868:
4861:
4848:
4847:
4840:
4833:Google Docs p18
4825:
4816:
4806:
4804:
4796:
4795:
4791:
4784:
4768:
4764:
4756:
4752:
4742:
4740:
4732:
4731:
4727:
4717:
4715:
4706:
4705:
4701:
4691:
4689:
4681:
4680:
4676:
4666:
4664:
4651:
4650:
4641:
4631:
4629:
4623:"Meeting Point"
4621:
4620:
4616:
4608:
4604:
4594:
4592:
4583:
4582:
4578:
4568:
4566:
4557:
4556:
4552:
4542:
4540:
4532:
4531:
4527:
4519:
4512:
4502:
4500:
4491:
4490:
4483:
4473:
4471:
4458:
4457:
4453:
4446:
4442:
4434:
4430:
4420:
4418:
4409:
4408:
4404:
4394:
4392:
4383:
4382:
4378:
4368:
4366:
4358:
4357:
4353:
4343:
4341:
4328:
4327:
4323:
4315:
4311:
4301:
4299:
4291:
4290:
4286:
4276:
4274:
4264:
4260:
4250:
4248:
4233:
4226:
4219:
4202:
4198:
4187:
4183:
4179:
4174:
4162:
4150:
4140:
4138:
4128:
4126:
4118:
4116:
4112:Sumatra Railway
4060:
4009:To End All Wars
3999:The Railway Man
3987:
3974:
3938:Paul H. Kratosk
3908:
3794:Rowley Richards
3776:Frank Pantridge
3763:Jacob Markowitz
3752:The Railway Man
3687:Martin Flanagan
3535:
3524:
3518:
3515:
3504:
3492:
3481:
3471:
3466:
3292:
3197:Wooden trestle
3157:Kwae Yai Bridge
3142:Type and where
3123:
3103:
3097:
3047:
2996:Khwae Noi River
2977:
2972:
2951:
2919:tropical ulcers
2843:
2802:
2795:
2725:Philip Meninsky
2705:
2700:
2660:
2623:Malayan Chinese
2610:Southeast Asian
2598:
2589:
2584:
2458:
2456:Kri Dechatiwong
2428:
2313:Malay Peninsula
2307:In early 1942,
2290:Khwae Noi river
2274:
2153:
2142:
2135:
2113:
2098:
2087:
2080:
2058:
2036:
2014:
1992:
1970:
1948:
1926:
1904:
1882:
1860:
1838:
1816:
1794:
1772:
1750:
1728:
1706:
1684:
1669:
1662:
1640:
1618:
1596:
1574:
1552:
1537:
1506:
1484:
1462:
1440:
1418:
1396:
1374:
1352:
1330:
1308:
1286:
1264:
1242:
1220:
1198:
1176:
1154:
1132:
1110:
1088:
1066:
1044:
1029:
1020:
998:
976:
954:
939:
929:
907:
885:
863:
848:
839:
817:
795:
773:
751:
729:
707:
685:
663:
641:
619:
604:
594:
572:
550:
528:
506:
484:
462:
440:
425:
414:
407:
392:
385:
378:
356:
341:
330:
311:
295:
280:
273:
269:
266:
264:
263:3 ft
262:
258:
230:
228:
215:
213:
189:
187:
129:
73:
71:
69:
55:
44:Khwae Yai River
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8030:
8020:
8019:
8014:
8009:
8004:
7999:
7994:
7989:
7984:
7979:
7974:
7969:
7964:
7959:
7954:
7949:
7944:
7939:
7922:
7921:
7919:
7918:
7913:
7908:
7903:
7897:
7895:
7891:
7890:
7888:
7887:
7885:Pakokku Bridge
7882:
7877:
7872:
7870:Goteik viaduct
7866:
7864:
7860:
7859:
7857:
7856:
7851:
7846:
7841:
7836:
7831:
7825:
7823:
7819:
7818:
7816:
7815:
7810:
7805:
7799:
7797:
7793:
7792:
7789:
7788:
7786:
7785:
7780:
7778:Kalaw–Lawksawk
7775:
7770:
7765:
7763:Monywa–Pakokku
7760:
7755:
7750:
7744:
7742:
7738:
7737:
7735:
7734:
7729:
7724:
7719:
7714:
7709:
7704:
7699:
7694:
7688:
7686:
7679:
7675:
7674:
7660:
7659:
7652:
7645:
7637:
7628:
7627:
7625:
7624:
7619:
7617:Siemens Desiro
7614:
7609:
7603:
7601:
7597:
7596:
7594:
7593:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7572:
7570:
7569:Notable trains
7566:
7565:
7563:
7562:
7557:
7552:
7547:
7541:
7539:
7535:
7534:
7532:
7531:
7526:
7521:
7515:
7513:
7509:
7508:
7501:
7499:
7497:
7496:
7490:
7484:
7478:
7471:
7469:
7465:
7464:
7462:
7461:
7456:
7451:
7445:
7442:
7441:
7427:
7426:
7419:
7412:
7404:
7366:
7365:
7360:
7355:
7349:
7343:
7337:
7331:
7325:
7312:
7307:
7301:
7296:
7291:
7285:
7279:
7274:
7269:
7264:
7259:
7251:
7246:
7239:
7238:External links
7236:
7234:
7233:
7224:
7215:
7206:
7197:
7191:
7174:
7168:
7151:
7142:
7133:
7124:
7118:
7105:
7099:
7086:
7077:
7068:
7059:
7053:
7036:
7027:
7021:
7004:
6998:
6978:
6969:
6960:
6951:
6945:
6928:
6922:
6909:
6903:
6893:Ship of Ghosts
6883:
6874:
6854:
6845:
6839:
6824:
6818:
6806:Gordon, Ernest
6802:
6794:Gordon, Ernest
6790:
6784:
6768:
6762:
6746:
6735:
6726:
6717:
6708:
6699:
6693:
6680:
6674:
6661:
6655:
6642:
6633:
6624:
6618:
6601:
6596:978-9814382229
6595:
6587:A Baba Boyhood
6582:
6577:978-9971696382
6576:
6563:
6558:978-9971696382
6557:
6544:
6538:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6516:
6490:
6464:
6452:
6430:
6412:
6387:
6362:
6332:
6306:
6281:
6256:
6231:
6206:
6180:
6145:
6110:
6085:
6060:
6032:
6019:Nieuwe courant
6006:
5980:
5955:
5925:
5900:
5883:"Hintok - 155"
5874:
5849:
5823:
5798:
5787:
5762:
5736:
5710:
5684:
5659:
5634:
5605:
5577:
5552:
5527:
5497:
5482:
5470:
5448:
5423:
5398:
5383:
5371:
5345:
5319:
5293:
5267:
5241:
5214:
5196:Harry Walton.
5188:
5163:
5148:
5133:
5107:
5076:
5047:
5017:
4989:
4961:
4943:
4936:
4918:
4907:on 27 May 2016
4888:
4859:
4838:
4814:
4789:
4782:
4762:
4758:Waterford 1994
4750:
4725:
4699:
4674:
4639:
4614:
4612:, p. 243.
4610:Waterford 1994
4602:
4576:
4565:. 9 March 1949
4550:
4525:
4521:MacArthur 2005
4510:
4499:. 26 June 2008
4481:
4451:
4440:
4428:
4402:
4376:
4351:
4334:In Pattaya Now
4321:
4317:MacArthur 2005
4309:
4284:
4258:
4224:
4217:
4196:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4172:
4160:
4148:
4136:
4115:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4046:Jack Whitehall
4002:(based on the
3986:
3983:
3973:
3970:
3948:Eiji Murashima
3907:
3904:
3903:
3902:
3893:
3883:
3870:
3860:
3854:
3829:
3823:
3813:
3803:
3797:
3791:
3785:
3779:
3773:
3766:
3760:
3744:
3738:
3732:
3726:
3720:
3707:
3701:
3695:
3692:Keith Flanagan
3689:
3679:
3672:Ringer Edwards
3669:
3663:
3653:
3646:music promoter
3639:
3633:
3630:Fettes College
3619:
3613:
3603:
3594:
3588:
3582:
3581:, died in 1974
3572:
3565:
3537:
3536:
3495:
3493:
3486:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3409:Lost Battalion
3291:
3288:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3261:
3256:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3213:
3208:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3190:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3177:
3172:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3154:
3150:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3122:
3119:
3099:Main article:
3096:
3093:
3046:
3043:
3038:ferro-concrete
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2950:
2947:
2901:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2885:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2874:United States
2871:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2857:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2842:Netherlands or
2839:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2818:
2817:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2794:
2791:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2659:
2656:
2619:Malayan Tamils
2597:
2594:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2427:
2424:
2273:
2270:
2221:Burma campaign
2183:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2136:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2114:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2061:
2059:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2037:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2015:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1995:
1993:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1971:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1949:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1929:
1927:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1907:
1905:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1883:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1868:
1863:
1861:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1839:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1819:
1817:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1795:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1773:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1753:
1751:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1729:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1707:
1700:
1698:
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1674:
1671:
1670:
1667:
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1621:
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1612:
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1604:
1599:
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1577:
1575:
1568:
1566:
1564:
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1560:
1555:
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1546:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1532:
1521:
1520:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:Chaunggahla-ya
1487:
1485:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1465:
1463:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1441:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1419:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1399:
1397:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1375:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1353:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1333:
1331:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1311:
1309:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1287:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1265:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1243:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1221:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1199:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1179:
1177:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1157:
1155:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1133:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1111:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1089:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1069:
1067:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1045:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1001:
999:
992:
990:
988:
985:
984:
979:
977:
970:
968:
966:
963:
962:
957:
955:
948:
946:
944:
941:
940:
937:
932:
930:
923:
921:
919:
916:
915:
910:
908:
901:
899:
897:
894:
893:
888:
886:
879:
877:
875:
872:
871:
866:
864:
857:
855:
853:
850:
849:
844:
842:
840:
833:
831:
829:
826:
825:
820:
818:
811:
809:
807:
804:
803:
798:
796:
789:
787:
785:
782:
781:
776:
774:
767:
765:
763:
760:
759:
754:
752:
745:
743:
741:
738:
737:
732:
730:
723:
721:
719:
716:
715:
710:
708:
701:
699:
697:
694:
693:
688:
686:
679:
677:
675:
672:
671:
666:
664:
657:
655:
653:
650:
649:
644:
642:
635:
633:
631:
628:
627:
622:
620:
613:
611:
609:
606:
605:
600:Bridge on the
599:
597:
595:
588:
586:
584:
581:
580:
575:
573:
566:
564:
562:
559:
558:
553:
551:
544:
542:
540:
537:
536:
531:
529:
522:
520:
518:
515:
514:
509:
507:
500:
498:
496:
493:
492:
487:
485:
478:
476:
474:
471:
470:
465:
463:
456:
454:
452:
449:
448:
443:
441:
434:
432:
430:
427:
426:
419:
417:
415:
408:
401:
399:
397:
394:
393:
390:
388:
386:
379:
372:
370:
368:
365:
364:
359:
357:
350:
348:
346:
343:
342:
335:
333:
331:
324:
322:
320:
313:
312:
307:
297:
296:
293:
286:
285:
256:
250:
249:
246:
242:
241:
237:
236:
225:
221:
220:
210:
206:
205:
199:
195:
194:
184:
180:
179:
176:
172:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
142:
141:
135:
131:
130:
128:
127:
122:
116:
114:
110:
109:
92:
88:
87:
80:
76:
75:
66:
62:
61:
57:
56:
41:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8029:
8018:
8015:
8013:
8010:
8008:
8005:
8003:
8000:
7998:
7995:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7985:
7983:
7980:
7978:
7975:
7973:
7970:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7955:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7943:
7940:
7938:
7937:Burma Railway
7935:
7934:
7932:
7917:
7914:
7912:
7911:Burma Railway
7909:
7907:
7904:
7902:
7899:
7898:
7896:
7892:
7886:
7883:
7881:
7878:
7876:
7873:
7871:
7868:
7867:
7865:
7861:
7855:
7852:
7850:
7847:
7845:
7844:Pakokku–Kalay
7842:
7840:
7837:
7835:
7834:Mandalay Tram
7832:
7830:
7827:
7826:
7824:
7820:
7814:
7811:
7809:
7806:
7804:
7801:
7800:
7798:
7796:Urban railway
7794:
7784:
7781:
7779:
7776:
7774:
7771:
7769:
7766:
7764:
7761:
7759:
7756:
7754:
7751:
7749:
7746:
7745:
7743:
7741:Upper Myanmar
7739:
7733:
7730:
7728:
7725:
7723:
7720:
7718:
7715:
7713:
7710:
7708:
7705:
7703:
7700:
7698:
7695:
7693:
7690:
7689:
7687:
7685:Lower Myanmar
7683:
7680:
7676:
7672:
7667:
7658:
7653:
7651:
7646:
7644:
7639:
7638:
7635:
7623:
7620:
7618:
7615:
7613:
7610:
7608:
7605:
7604:
7602:
7600:Rolling Stock
7598:
7592:
7589:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7574:
7573:
7571:
7567:
7561:
7558:
7556:
7553:
7551:
7548:
7546:
7543:
7542:
7540:
7536:
7530:
7527:
7525:
7522:
7520:
7517:
7516:
7514:
7510:
7505:
7494:
7491:
7488:
7485:
7482:
7479:
7476:
7473:
7472:
7470:
7466:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7446:
7443:
7439:
7434:
7425:
7420:
7418:
7413:
7411:
7406:
7405:
7402:
7398:
7395:
7364:
7361:
7359:
7356:
7353:
7350:
7347:
7344:
7341:
7338:
7335:
7332:
7329:
7326:
7323:
7319:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7308:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7292:
7289:
7286:
7283:
7280:
7278:
7275:
7273:
7270:
7268:
7265:
7263:
7260:
7258:
7256:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7241:
7230:
7225:
7221:
7216:
7212:
7207:
7203:
7198:
7194:
7188:
7184:
7180:
7175:
7171:
7165:
7160:
7159:
7152:
7148:
7143:
7139:
7134:
7130:
7125:
7121:
7119:0-14-014925-2
7115:
7111:
7110:Behind Bamboo
7106:
7102:
7100:0-86417-246-X
7096:
7092:
7087:
7083:
7078:
7074:
7069:
7065:
7060:
7056:
7054:0-7329-1168-0
7050:
7046:
7042:
7037:
7033:
7028:
7024:
7018:
7013:
7012:
7005:
7001:
6999:0-393-03910-2
6995:
6990:
6989:
6983:
6979:
6975:
6970:
6966:
6961:
6957:
6952:
6948:
6946:0-08-037344-5
6942:
6937:
6936:
6929:
6925:
6919:
6915:
6910:
6906:
6900:
6895:
6894:
6888:
6884:
6880:
6875:
6871:
6867:
6863:
6859:
6855:
6851:
6846:
6842:
6836:
6832:
6831:
6825:
6821:
6819:0-00-711848-1
6815:
6811:
6807:
6803:
6799:
6795:
6791:
6787:
6781:
6777:
6773:
6769:
6765:
6759:
6755:
6751:
6747:
6743:
6742:
6736:
6732:
6727:
6723:
6718:
6714:
6709:
6705:
6700:
6696:
6690:
6686:
6681:
6677:
6671:
6667:
6662:
6658:
6656:0-85033-467-5
6652:
6648:
6643:
6639:
6634:
6630:
6625:
6621:
6615:
6610:
6609:
6602:
6598:
6592:
6588:
6583:
6579:
6573:
6569:
6564:
6560:
6554:
6550:
6545:
6541:
6539:9789674881054
6535:
6531:
6526:
6525:
6504:
6500:
6494:
6478:
6474:
6468:
6461:
6460:Alfred Pycock
6456:
6440:
6434:
6426:
6422:
6416:
6401:
6400:Traces of War
6397:
6391:
6376:
6375:Traces of War
6372:
6366:
6350:
6346:
6342:
6336:
6320:
6316:
6310:
6295:
6291:
6285:
6270:
6266:
6260:
6245:
6244:Lonely Planet
6241:
6235:
6220:
6216:
6210:
6194:
6190:
6184:
6168:
6164:
6160:
6154:
6152:
6150:
6133:
6129:
6125:
6119:
6117:
6115:
6099:
6095:
6089:
6074:
6070:
6064:
6049:
6045:
6039:
6037:
6020:
6016:
6010:
5994:
5990:
5984:
5969:
5965:
5959:
5943:
5939:
5932:
5930:
5914:
5910:
5904:
5888:
5884:
5878:
5863:
5859:
5858:"17g. Hintok"
5853:
5837:
5833:
5827:
5812:
5808:
5802:
5796:
5791:
5776:
5772:
5766:
5751:
5747:
5740:
5725:
5721:
5714:
5699:
5695:
5688:
5673:
5669:
5663:
5648:
5644:
5638:
5623:
5619:
5615:
5609:
5602:
5591:
5587:
5581:
5566:
5562:
5556:
5541:
5537:
5531:
5515:
5511:
5507:
5501:
5494:
5489:
5487:
5479:
5474:
5467:(3): 297–319.
5466:
5462:
5455:
5453:
5437:
5433:
5427:
5412:
5408:
5402:
5395:
5390:
5388:
5380:
5379:La Forte 1994
5375:
5359:
5355:
5349:
5333:
5329:
5323:
5308:
5307:Death Railway
5304:
5297:
5282:
5278:
5271:
5255:
5251:
5245:
5229:
5225:
5218:
5203:
5199:
5192:
5177:
5173:
5167:
5159:
5152:
5145:. p. 13.
5144:
5137:
5122:
5118:
5111:
5095:
5091:
5087:
5080:
5065:
5058:
5056:
5054:
5052:
5035:
5031:
5027:
5021:
5006:
5002:
4996:
4994:
4978:
4974:
4968:
4966:
4957:
4953:
4947:
4939:
4933:
4929:
4922:
4906:
4902:
4898:
4892:
4876:
4872:
4866:
4864:
4855:
4851:
4845:
4843:
4834:
4830:
4823:
4821:
4819:
4803:
4799:
4793:
4785:
4779:
4775:
4774:
4766:
4759:
4754:
4739:
4735:
4729:
4713:
4709:
4703:
4688:
4684:
4678:
4662:
4658:
4654:
4648:
4646:
4644:
4628:
4624:
4618:
4611:
4606:
4590:
4586:
4580:
4564:
4560:
4554:
4539:
4535:
4529:
4522:
4517:
4515:
4498:
4494:
4488:
4486:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4455:
4449:
4444:
4437:
4432:
4416:
4412:
4406:
4390:
4386:
4380:
4365:
4361:
4355:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4325:
4319:, p. 43.
4318:
4313:
4298:
4294:
4288:
4273:
4269:
4262:
4246:
4242:
4238:
4231:
4229:
4220:
4218:9781637586884
4214:
4210:
4206:
4200:
4192:
4185:
4181:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4147:
4137:
4135:
4125:
4124:
4121:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4097:
4096:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4068:
4063:
4062:
4055:
4053:
4052:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4037:
4033:
4032:
4027:
4026:
4021:
4020:
4015:
4014:Ernest Gordon
4011:
4010:
4005:
4001:
4000:
3994:
3992:
3982:
3978:
3969:
3967:
3963:
3959:
3958:Ernest Gordon
3955:
3954:
3949:
3945:
3944:
3939:
3935:
3934:
3929:
3925:
3924:
3919:
3915:
3914:
3901:
3897:
3894:
3891:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3878:
3874:
3871:
3868:
3864:
3861:
3858:
3857:Philip Toosey
3855:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3830:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3817:
3816:E. W. Swanton
3814:
3811:
3807:
3806:Ronald Searle
3804:
3801:
3798:
3795:
3792:
3789:
3788:Alfred Pycock
3786:
3783:
3782:Donald Purdie
3780:
3777:
3774:
3771:
3767:
3764:
3761:
3758:
3754:
3753:
3748:
3745:
3742:
3741:Hamilton Lamb
3739:
3736:
3733:
3730:
3729:Jack Jennings
3727:
3725:, philosopher
3724:
3721:
3719:
3715:
3712:, the former
3711:
3710:Ernest Gordon
3708:
3705:
3702:
3699:
3696:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3677:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3661:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3627:
3623:
3620:
3617:
3614:
3611:
3607:
3606:Norman Carter
3604:
3602:
3598:
3595:
3592:
3589:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3566:
3564:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3544:
3541:
3540:
3533:
3530:
3522:
3512:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3496:This section
3494:
3490:
3485:
3484:
3473:
3472:
3461:
3459:
3454:
3452:
3448:
3444:
3440:
3436:
3435:Hellfire Pass
3428:
3424:
3423:JNR Class C56
3420:
3416:
3412:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3401:
3395:
3390:
3388:
3384:
3376:
3372:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3352:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3322:
3316:
3312:
3304:
3296:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3220:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3152:
3151:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3127:
3118:
3116:
3107:
3102:
3101:Hellfire Pass
3095:Hellfire Pass
3092:
3090:
3086:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3071:
3063:
3059:
3051:
3042:
3039:
3034:
3032:
3031:Philip Toosey
3028:
3023:
3021:
3020:Thai language
3017:
3013:
3009:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2985:
2981:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2956:
2946:
2942:
2940:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2923:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2898:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2872:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2840:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2824:
2823:British India
2819:
2805:
2800:
2790:
2788:
2783:
2781:
2775:
2773:
2765:
2761:
2756:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2737:Ronald Searle
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2717:
2709:
2695:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2676:Changi Prison
2673:
2669:
2665:
2664:Changi Prison
2655:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2631:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2611:
2608:Over 180,000
2602:
2593:
2575:
2571:
2569:
2562:
2557:
2553:
2551:
2550:walking trail
2547:
2543:
2542:Ban Thung Pho
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2423:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2396:
2391:
2387:
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2382:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2366:
2362:
2354:
2349:
2341:
2333:
2329:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2305:
2303:
2299:
2294:
2291:
2287:
2278:
2269:
2267:
2262:
2258:
2256:
2251:
2250:forced labour
2246:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2201:Death Railway
2198:
2194:
2190:
2189:Burma Railway
2169:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2151:
2144:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2115:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2097:
2096:
2089:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2060:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2038:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2016:
2007:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1994:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1972:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1950:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1928:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1906:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1884:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1862:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1840:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1818:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1796:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1774:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1752:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1730:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1708:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1686:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1668:Apalon Bridge
1664:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1642:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1620:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1598:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1554:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1508:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1486:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1464:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1442:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1424:Shimo Ni Thea
1420:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1398:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1376:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1354:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1332:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1314:Tamrong Patho
1310:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1288:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1266:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1244:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1222:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1200:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1178:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1156:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1134:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1112:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1090:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1068:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1046:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1027:Hellfire Pass
1022:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1000:
991:
989:
986:
983:
978:
969:
967:
964:
961:
956:
947:
945:
942:
936:
931:
922:
920:
917:
914:
909:
900:
898:
895:
892:
887:
878:
876:
873:
870:
865:
856:
854:
851:
847:
841:
832:
830:
827:
824:
819:
810:
808:
805:
802:
797:
788:
786:
783:
780:
775:
766:
764:
761:
758:
753:
744:
742:
739:
736:
731:
722:
720:
717:
714:
709:
700:
698:
695:
692:
687:
678:
676:
673:
670:
665:
656:
654:
651:
648:
643:
634:
632:
629:
626:
621:
612:
610:
607:
603:
596:
587:
585:
582:
579:
574:
565:
563:
560:
557:
552:
543:
541:
538:
535:
530:
521:
519:
516:
513:
508:
499:
497:
494:
491:
486:
477:
475:
472:
469:
468:Sa Kosi Narai
464:
455:
453:
450:
447:
442:
433:
431:
428:
424:
423:
416:
400:
398:
395:
387:
371:
369:
366:
363:
358:
349:
347:
344:
340:
339:
332:
323:
321:
318:
315:
314:
310:
306:
305:
302:
299:
298:
292:
291:
287:
283:
259:1,000 mm
257:
255:
251:
247:
243:
238:
226:
222:
211:
207:
203:
200:
196:
185:
181:
177:
173:
168:
165:
162:
158:
155:
152:
148:
143:
140:
136:
132:
126:
123:
121:
118:
117:
115:
111:
108:
104:
100:
96:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
68:Death Railway
67:
65:Other name(s)
63:
58:
53:
49:
45:
39:
34:
31:Burma Railway
29:
26:
22:
7910:
7773:Kalaw–Loikaw
7678:Railway line
7367:
7254:
7228:
7219:
7210:
7201:
7182:
7178:
7157:
7146:
7137:
7128:
7109:
7090:
7081:
7072:
7063:
7040:
7031:
7010:
6987:
6973:
6964:
6955:
6934:
6913:
6892:
6878:
6861:
6849:
6829:
6809:
6797:
6775:
6753:
6740:
6730:
6721:
6712:
6703:
6684:
6665:
6646:
6637:
6628:
6607:
6586:
6567:
6548:
6529:
6507:. Retrieved
6502:
6493:
6481:. Retrieved
6476:
6467:
6455:
6443:. Retrieved
6433:
6424:
6415:
6403:. Retrieved
6399:
6390:
6378:. Retrieved
6374:
6365:
6353:. Retrieved
6349:the original
6344:
6335:
6323:. Retrieved
6319:the original
6309:
6297:. Retrieved
6293:
6284:
6272:. Retrieved
6268:
6259:
6247:. Retrieved
6243:
6234:
6222:. Retrieved
6218:
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6192:
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6171:. Retrieved
6167:the original
6162:
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6132:the original
6127:
6101:. Retrieved
6097:
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6076:. Retrieved
6072:
6063:
6051:. Retrieved
6047:
6023:. Retrieved
6018:
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5983:
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5967:
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5941:
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5912:
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5886:
5877:
5865:. Retrieved
5861:
5852:
5840:. Retrieved
5835:
5826:
5814:. Retrieved
5810:
5807:"Tha Makhan"
5801:
5790:
5778:. Retrieved
5774:
5765:
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5749:
5739:
5727:. Retrieved
5723:
5713:
5701:. Retrieved
5697:
5687:
5675:. Retrieved
5671:
5662:
5650:. Retrieved
5646:
5643:"Tha Makhan"
5637:
5625:. Retrieved
5621:
5608:
5600:
5593:. Retrieved
5589:
5580:
5568:. Retrieved
5564:
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5543:. Retrieved
5539:
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5518:. Retrieved
5514:the original
5509:
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5439:. Retrieved
5435:
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5410:
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5331:
5322:
5310:. Retrieved
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5280:
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5253:
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5232:. Retrieved
5227:
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5201:
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5175:
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5094:the original
5089:
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5038:. Retrieved
5034:the original
5029:
5020:
5008:. Retrieved
5004:
4980:. Retrieved
4977:Rot Fai Thai
4976:
4955:
4946:
4927:
4921:
4909:. Retrieved
4905:the original
4901:Myonlinetour
4900:
4891:
4879:. Retrieved
4874:
4854:the original
4832:
4805:. Retrieved
4801:
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4753:
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4737:
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4711:
4702:
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4686:
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4665:. Retrieved
4661:the original
4656:
4630:. Retrieved
4626:
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4605:
4593:. Retrieved
4588:
4579:
4567:. Retrieved
4562:
4553:
4541:. Retrieved
4537:
4528:
4501:. Retrieved
4496:
4472:. Retrieved
4468:the original
4463:
4454:
4443:
4431:
4419:. Retrieved
4414:
4405:
4393:. Retrieved
4388:
4379:
4367:. Retrieved
4363:
4354:
4342:. Retrieved
4338:the original
4333:
4324:
4312:
4300:. Retrieved
4296:
4287:
4275:. Retrieved
4271:
4261:
4249:. Retrieved
4245:the original
4240:
4208:
4199:
4190:
4184:
4093:
4066:
4049:
4040:
4029:
4028:); a novel,
4023:
4017:
4007:
3997:
3995:
3988:
3979:
3975:
3961:
3951:
3941:
3931:
3921:
3911:
3909:
3889:
3866:
3819:
3800:Rohan Rivett
3750:
3749:, author of
3714:Presbyterian
3649:
3626:Eton College
3578:
3577:, author of
3525:
3519:October 2017
3516:
3505:Please help
3500:verification
3497:
3460:in England.
3455:
3443:Kanchanaburi
3432:
3399:
3391:
3381:
3361:Thanbyuzayat
3355:
3348:
3333:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3112:
3082:
3067:
3061:
3035:
3024:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2989:
2983:
2952:
2943:
2938:
2935:
2924:
2904:
2888:
2798:
2784:
2776:
2771:
2769:
2718:
2714:
2684:Thanbyuzayat
2661:
2632:
2617:. Javanese,
2607:
2590:
2565:
2490:Nong Pla Duk
2486:Kanchanaburi
2479:
2448:
2429:
2420:
2400:
2381:East Indies'
2365:Thanbyuzayat
2358:
2353:Thanbyuzayat
2306:
2295:
2283:
2263:
2259:
2247:
2236:
2225:World War II
2213:Thanbyuzayat
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2186:
2148:
2119:Thanbyuzayat
2093:
1270:Nam Chon Yai
556:Kanchanaburi
512:Tha Ruea Noi
446:Ban Pong Mai
420:
362:Nong Pla Duk
336:
300:
139:Thanbyuzayat
103:Thanbyuzayat
70:Nam Tok Line
25:
7829:Yangon Tram
7768:Kalaw–Thazi
7727:Yangon–Pyay
7389: /
6982:Lomax, Eric
6462:, Olympedia
6421:"Biography"
6219:History Hit
6103:28 February
6078:28 February
5909:"Songkurai"
5561:"Songkurai"
5303:"Departure"
4589:Het dagblad
3676:crucifixion
3662:in Pakistan
3394:repatriated
3006:, 'small'.
2960:Hiroshi Abe
2816:Death rate
2751:in London.
2729:John Mennie
2621:, Burmese,
2538:Suphan Buri
2502:truss spans
2459: [
2321:Andaman Sea
1756:Kami Mezali
1580:Aungganaung
1336:Kroeng Krai
282:metre gauge
254:Track gauge
245:Line length
160:Operator(s)
79:Native name
7931:Categories
7880:Ava Bridge
7377:99°30′11″E
7374:14°02′27″N
6870:B003LSTW3O
6445:22 January
6405:1 February
6380:1 February
6355:1 February
6325:22 October
6299:1 February
6274:1 February
6249:1 February
6224:1 February
6173:21 January
6053:31 January
6025:1 February
5999:1 February
5995:(in Dutch)
5973:1 February
5948:1 February
5944:(in Dutch)
5918:1 February
5893:1 February
5889:(in Dutch)
5867:1 February
5842:1 February
5838:(in Dutch)
5816:1 February
5780:1 February
5755:1 February
5729:1 February
5703:1 February
5677:1 February
5652:1 February
5627:1 February
5614:Tony Lloyd
5595:1 February
5570:1 February
5545:1 February
5441:1 February
5416:1 February
5364:1 February
5360:(in Dutch)
5338:1 February
5334:(in Dutch)
5312:10 January
5286:27 January
5260:27 January
5256:(in Dutch)
5234:1 February
5207:1 February
5181:1 February
5141:Gamba, C.
5126:1 February
5010:1 February
4982:30 January
4881:1 February
4807:1 February
4743:1 February
4718:1 February
4714:(in Dutch)
4692:1 February
4667:30 January
4632:1 February
4595:1 February
4569:1 February
4543:1 February
4538:Bob Kelsey
4503:27 January
4474:29 January
4421:1 February
4395:1 February
4369:1 February
4344:1 February
4177:References
3812:characters
3747:Eric Lomax
3723:R. M. Hare
3642:John Coast
3612:, Thailand
2955:war crimes
2939:Lieutenant
2860:Australia
2747:, and the
2698:Atrocities
2642:, and the
2627:trafficked
2615:trafficked
2444:Mawlamyine
1402:Thimongtha
1204:Prang Kasi
602:River Kwai
231:1958-07-01
216:1947-02-01
190:1943-10-25
154:Heavy rail
7045:Macmillan
6860:(1982) .
6189:"Results"
5520:6 January
5493:Daws 1994
5478:Daws 1994
5069:6 January
5040:9 January
4436:Daws 1994
4170:Transport
3863:Reg Twigg
3826:Arie Smit
3632:1972–1979
3591:Leo Britt
3077:Liberator
3016:Khwae Yai
2992:Mae Klong
2915:dysentery
2789:in Asia.
2680:Singapore
2668:Singapore
2648:Pekanbaru
2582:Labourers
1910:Beketaung
1358:Kurikonta
1248:Tha Kanun
1116:Kinsaiyok
938:(Tha Sao)
757:Tha Kilen
534:Tha Muang
294:Route map
240:Technical
178:1942–1947
175:Commenced
7318:Archived
6984:(1995).
6889:(2006).
6808:(2002).
6796:(1962).
6774:(2013).
6138:1 August
5964:"Apalon"
5724:Maritime
5698:Sikh Net
5100:9 August
5090:FMT News
4272:The Star
4251:9 August
4207:(2024).
4146:Thailand
4079:Hellship
4069:episode)
4067:Spyforce
4058:See also
3896:Ian Watt
3873:Tom Uren
3822:, (1972)
3610:Tamarkan
3585:Theo Bot
3365:Moulmein
3327:Buddhist
3315:Cenotaph
3189:unknown
3089:Martaban
3085:Moulmein
3027:Tamarkan
2760:beriberi
2692:Ban Pong
2640:Kra Buri
2636:Chumphon
2587:Japanese
2518:Bang Sue
2498:Wang Pho
2471:Konkoita
2426:Post-war
2404:Konkoita
2374:Malaya's
2370:sleepers
2361:Ban Pong
2319:and the
2209:Thailand
2205:Ban Pong
1866:Anankwin
1844:Thanbaya
1800:Taungzun
1712:Apalaine
1525:Thailand
1380:Konkoita
1292:Tha Mayo
1138:Lin Thin
891:Wang Yai
869:Wang Pho
713:Tha Pong
691:Wang Yen
669:Wang Lan
625:Khao Pun
277: in
224:Reopened
198:Built by
99:Thailand
95:Ban Pong
84:Japanese
82:泰緬連接鉄道 (
60:Overview
52:Thailand
7560:Tunnels
6521:Sources
6509:1 April
6483:1 April
6199:17 June
5121:Kajomag
4911:12 June
4738:Mansell
4302:30 June
4134:Myanmar
4120:Portals
3877:Whitlam
3836:Menzies
3735:Wim Kan
3652:(1946).
3547:Menzies
3439:Nam Tok
3429:, Japan
3400:Houston
3136:Length
2964:Sonkrai
2911:cholera
2907:malaria
2522:Bangkok
2475:Nam Tok
2440:Sonkrai
2272:History
2266:Nam Tok
2233:Rangoon
2229:Bangkok
2217:Myanmar
2020:Thetkaw
1976:Konnoki
1954:Retphaw
1888:Myettaw
1624:Kyondaw
1468:Sonkrai
1446:Ni Thea
1226:Yongthi
1160:Kui Yae
1050:Hin Tok
982:Tonchan
935:Nam Tok
779:Lum Sum
735:Ban Kao
490:Ruk Khe
272:⁄
229: (
214: (
188: (
170:History
145:Service
113:Termini
7894:Others
7495:(BTSC)
7477:(MRTA)
7189:
7166:
7116:
7097:
7051:
7019:
6996:
6943:
6920:
6901:
6868:
6837:
6816:
6782:
6760:
6691:
6672:
6653:
6616:
6593:
6574:
6555:
6536:
6505:. 2024
6479:. 2024
4934:
4780:
4277:30 May
4215:
4158:Trains
4098:(film)
3848:Gorton
3844:McEwen
3559:Gorton
3555:McEwen
3445:: the
3419:C56 31
3259:Apalon
2896:12,621
2893:61,811
2863:13,004
2849:17,990
2831:30,131
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