51:
723:, he regarded the Sedition Trial of 1944 a “disgrace” and a scheme to smear more mainstream critics of FDR's pre-war foreign policy. Wheeler also criticized the internment of Japanese Americans though he apparently did not speak out publicly. In 1962, he recalled that he had “protested to various high-level government officials,” including his friend Under Secretary of War Robert P. Patterson, asserting that internment violated the “principles of the Four Freedoms.” He warned that if the government “can get away with such treatment of citizens of Japanese descent, it can do the same to any minority.”
3441:
2672:
2821:
458:
2202:
680:), Wheeler announced in August 1941 he would investigate “interventionists” in the motion picture industry, which his detractors characterized anti-Semitic. He questioned why so many foreign-born favored American participation in the war. "Critics charged that the Committee was motivated by animus to Jewish studio heads." Representing the studios was 1940 Republican presidential candidate
930:, Wheeler becomes president in 1940, campaigning on a platform of isolationism despite Axis victories (far larger than those which actually occurred). When the U.S. belatedly enters the war, it is defeated in 1946 and partitioned between Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan, and Wheeler is ultimately executed as a war criminal.
695:
After the start of World War II in Europe, Wheeler opposed aid to
Britain or France. On October 17, 1941, Wheeler said: "I can't conceive of Japan being crazy enough to want to go to war with us." One month later, he added: "If we go to war with Japan, the only reason will be to help England." The
536:
Early on in his career as a U.S. senator, Wheeler played a leading role in exposing the
Harding administration's unwillingness to prosecute administration officials involved in the Teapot Dome scandal. His special committee held sensational Senate hearings regarding bribery and other corruption in
776:
Though
Wheeler was accused of becoming a conservative, even reactionary, he remained consistent to the Populist-Progressive tradition in blaming eastern bankers for his ills. In his early years he lumped together the eastern financial interests with capitalism; in 1946 they were partners in crime
673:
619:
In 1938, Wheeler introduced Senate
Resolution 294, a "sense of the senate" statement that, in order to ensure fair competition, AM radio stations in the United States should be limited to a transmitter power of 50,000 watts. Now commonly known as the
656:
but never joined. He gave advice and many speeches to its chapters. His wife Lulu was on its national committee and she was the treasurer of the
Washington, DC, chapter. Because he and other speakers at an antiwar rally, including
4387:
3981:
777:
with
Communism. The man was the same, as were his methods, but his sense of timing and knowledge of the Montana voter were not as acute as they had been. By 1946, Wheeler was more acceptable to conservatives than liberals.
449:, a socialist newspaper editor who was accused of sedition. Wheeler's actions made him unpopular in the pro–World War I political climate, and he was forced to resign his office as a U.S. attorney in October 1918.
3974:
715:
Wheeler had always considered himself to be a champion of civil liberties for unpopular groups and World War II was no exception. Agreeing with such critics of the
Sedition Trial of 1944 as Senator
471:
2784:
2460:
549:, a Justice Department investigator from Chicago, who suspected Wheeler of involvement in communist conspiracy. In an otherwise negative assessment of Wheeler's career and views, journalist
3967:
3598:
677:
692:, charging that if passed "it would plow under every fourth American boy". Roosevelt in response charged that Wheeler's statement was "the damnedest thing said in a generation".
4469:
2583:
362:
the
Supreme Court. In foreign policy, from 1938 to 1941, he became a leader of the non-interventionist wing of the party, fighting against entry into World War II until the
4514:
1229:"TO AGREE TO REPORT OF CONFERENCE COMMITTEE ON H.R. 7995, (APP. 5/26/1924, 43 STAT. L. 153), A BILL TO LIMIT THE IMMIGRATION OF ALIENS INTO THE UNITED STATES. (P. 8568-2)"
1204:
1899:
1997:
Johnson, Marc C. (Winter 2012). "Franklin D. Roosevelt, Burton K. Wheeler, and the Great Debate: A Montana
Senator's Crusade for Non-intervention before World War II".
3234:
445:. Wheeler's defense of free speech was seen as unpatriotic if not treasonous by conservatives. He further riled conservatives when he served as defense attorney for
4474:
4454:
300:
112:
4407:
3591:
381:, to Mary Elizabeth Rice (née Tyler) and Asa Leonard Wheeler. He grew up in Massachusetts, attending the public schools. He first worked as a stenographer in
3943:
737:, who attacked Wheeler as insufficiently liberal and for his "pre-war isolationist" views. Erickson in turn was defeated by Republican state representative
545:
which limited
Catholic and Jewish immigration, and almost entirely banned Asian immigrants. In 1925, Wheeler faced investigation, without major impact, by
2774:
940:
580:
In 1930, Wheeler gained national attention when he successfully campaigned for the reelection to the U.S. Senate of his friend and Democratic colleague
3990:
894:
4519:
4459:
3584:
2576:
1094:
4263:
3785:
3244:
2432:
3999:
This group includes only pre-1996 parties that fielded a candidate that won greater 0.1% of the popular vote in at least one presidential election
503:
277:
817:, Richard and Marion and beloved great grandchild Willa K Snow (of Edward). Frances helped her father with his research for his autobiography,
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320:
226:
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765:
called it "one of the worst books ever written" about a politician. It later emerged that the pamphlet had been backed by an aide of
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3608:
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2218:
605:
522:
339:
2222:
1693:
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4354:
4290:
3295:
2767:
2540:
597:
359:
343:
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2837:
791:
530:
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2711:
2402:
2283:
2039:
902:
886:
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1625:
The New Deal's War on the Bill of Rights: The Untold Story of FDR's Concentration Camps, Censorship, and Mass Surveillance
1963:
The New Deal's War on the Bill of Rights: The Untold Story of FDR's Concentration Camps, Censorship, and Mass Surveillance
533:
ticket led by La Follette. They carried one state—La Follette's Wisconsin—and ran well in union areas and railroad towns.
4359:
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3706:
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2872:
2356:
2276:
890:
526:
479:
335:
1365:
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4339:
4334:
2760:
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1970:
1636:
312:
994:
849:
described Wheeler as having been notable as an "anti-draft, anti-war, anti-big business defender of civil liberties".
4108:
2313:
1941:
1607:
1342:
1282:
665:, critics drew comparisons to the Nazi salute. The Bellamy Salute had been widely used in the U.S. since the 1890s.
625:
389:
1492:
4329:
3700:
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2300:
2267:
813:
Wheeler married Lulu M. White. She was a major political advisor. They had six children: John, Elizabeth, Edward,
487:
214:
131:
31:
553:
called the indictment "pure vindictive retaliation, a frameup," laying the blame upon Attorney General Daugherty.
4397:
3270:
3212:
2736:
438:
437:, arguing that to do so would violate free speech. His refusal is significant as Montana was a stronghold of the
327:
2671:
1718:
967:
4369:
3335:
422:
17:
1306:
494:
in the general election. The ticket included a multi-racial set of candidates, unusual for 1920, including an
4484:
3959:
3576:
1856:
1414:
1398:
801:
Aided by research by his daughter, Frances (died 1957), Wheeler wrote his autobiography, with Paul F. Healy,
712:, Wheeler supported a declaration of war saying, "The only thing now to do is to lick the hell out of them."
541:'s Justice Department, which ultimately resulted in the indictment of Daugherty and others. He voted for the
1933:
1652:
860:
824:
Wheeler died age 92 on January 6, 1975, in Washington, D.C., and is interred in the District of Columbia's
772:
One political commentator characterized the fall of Wheeler's political fortunes by the end of his career:
1102:
3832:
2782:
2159:
1012:
2048:
Ruetten, Richard T. "Showdown in Montana, 1938: Burton Wheeler's Role in the Defeat of Jerry O'Connell"
909:. (However, Wheeler had historically been known as a leading opponent of the martial law imposed by the
4479:
4149:
2338:
833:
734:
276:(February 27, 1882 – January 6, 1975) was an attorney and an American politician of the
50:
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3260:
2887:
2867:
2852:
2081:
1566:
845:
1818:
1766:
Yankee from the West: The Candid, Turbulent Life Story of the Yankee-born U. S. Senator from Montana
1430:
2800:
2212:
2161:
Yankee from the West: The Candid, Turbulent Life Story of the Yankee-born U.S. Senator from Montana
1014:
Yankee from the West: The Candid, Turbulent Life Story of the Yankee-born U.S. Senator from Montana
881:
819:
Yankee from the West: The Candid, Turbulent Life Story of the Yankee-born U.S. Senator from Montana
4193:
3525:
3515:
3505:
1178:
829:
653:
542:
1250:
The Red Web: An Underground Political History of the United States from 1918 to the Present Time
805:, published in 1962 by Doubleday & Company. He dedicated the book to his wife and daughter.
4344:
4130:
3836:
3430:
3305:
3290:
2907:
2085:
1824:
1448:
814:
709:
609:
426:
363:
347:
296:
256:
246:
1597:
797:
Wheeler did not return to politics, nor full-time to Montana, but took up his law practice in
700:
was leaked on 4 December 1941 to Wheeler, who passed this information on to three newspapers.
560:
won in an Electoral College landslide. He served a total of four terms and was re-elected in
4271:
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3921:
3803:
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1794:
1768:, by Burton K. Wheeler and Paul F. Healy, Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Co., Inc., 1962,
1628:
1022:
1018:
766:
684:
who charged that Wheeler and other critics sought to impose the same kind of censorship that
589:
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382:
378:
355:
174:
726:
In 1945, Wheeler was among the seven senators who opposed full United States entry into the
4439:
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2110:
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America First: the Anti-War Movement, Charles Lindbergh and the Second World War, 1940-1941
1070:
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762:
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442:
304:
285:
65:
608:, there was a large movement to "Draft Wheeler" into the presidential race, possibly as a
8:
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910:
825:
750:
642:
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in 1910, and in that position, he gained a reputation as a champion of labor against the
418:
331:
202:
1720:
Study of the defeat of Senator Burton K. Wheeler in the 1946 Democratic primary election
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922:
621:
538:
2561:
1979:
Burke, Robert E. “A Friendship in Adversity: Burton K. Wheeler and Hiram W. Johnson.”
1839:
868:, were loosely based on Wheeler's experience investigating the Harding administration.
521:, the Republican nominee, with 55% of the vote. He broke with the Democratic Party in
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3275:
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2606:
2181:
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2139:
2114:
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2004:
1999:
1966:
1937:
1769:
1632:
1603:
1338:
1278:
1253:
1164:
1130:
1034:
1026:
898:
876:
1795:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Burton K. Wheeler House"
369:
Wheeler lost reelection in 1946 and retired to private practice in Washington, D.C.
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4134:
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2492:
1228:
927:
798:
786:
On September 15, 1950, Wheeler served as counsel to fellow Democrat from Minnesota
720:
495:
446:
260:
191:
3242:
1991:
Political Hell-Raiser – The Life and Times of Senator Burton K. Wheeler of Montana
1930:
Political Hell-Raiser – The Life and Times of Senator Burton K. Wheeler of Montana
733:
Wheeler sought renomination in 1946 but was defeated in the Democratic primary by
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1332:
1272:
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697:
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557:
518:
507:
470:
462:
295:
almost by chance, after losing his belongings while en route to Seattle. As the
4302:
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3400:
3380:
3360:
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2922:
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2805:
2646:
2631:
2382:
2293:
2260:
2131:
2106:
1958:
727:
716:
662:
397:
93:
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1541:
556:
Wheeler returned to the Democratic Party after the election, which Republican
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4217:
3728:
3680:
3555:
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3510:
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3181:
3136:
3126:
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3055:
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2847:
2518:
2510:
2452:
2226:
2185:
2093:
2008:
1679:
1062:
1038:
840:
787:
674:
Subcommittee to Investigate Railroads, Holding Companies, and Related Matters
658:
613:
2143:
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2442:
2424:
2118:
1052:
685:
646:
601:
550:
1126:"The Most Dangerous Man in Montana: Corruption, Communism, and Bill Dunne"
901:. Roth depicted Wheeler as a political opportunist, who, while serving as
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3560:
3530:
3500:
3176:
3171:
3161:
3151:
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2641:
2414:
914:
906:
872:
738:
688:
was enacting all over Europe. Wheeler also led the attack on Roosevelt's
581:
441:. In other parts of the country, IWW membership was suppressed under the
434:
316:
308:
105:
1143:
1125:
457:
3550:
3191:
2785:
United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
2731:
2661:
2611:
2177:
2053:
2020:
1245:
1030:
946:
689:
546:
425:
that dominated the state's economy and politics. He was appointed as a
2063:
1984:
1744:
Hearings Regarding Communist Espionage in the United States Government
1449:"May 4, 1941 - Burton K. Wheeler Makes The Case Against Intervention"
326:
As a freshman senator, Wheeler played a crucial role in exposing the
2069:
2058:
Ruetten, Richard T. “Burton K. Wheeler and the Montana Connection.”
747:
The Plot Against America: Senator Wheeler and the Forces Behind Him.
3758:
1792:
1389:
Gunther, John, Inside USA, Curtis Publishing Company, 1946, pg. 178
593:
585:
430:
351:
1694:"Montana Profile: The Montana Roots of "The Plot Against America""
2308:
1599:
1940: FDR, Willkie, Lindbergh, Hitler-the Election Amid the Storm
1421:(Seventy-Fifth Congress, Third Session), June 13, 1938, page 539.
758:
678:
United States Senate Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce
393:
392:, where he graduated in 1905. He initially intended to settle in
292:
281:
70:
3830:
2477:
as Chair of the Senate Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committee
1965:(First ed.). Oakland: Independent Institute. pp. 4–7.
1405:(Seventy-Fifth Congress, Third Session), June 9, 1938, page 507.
1257:
821:, which he published in 1962 and dedicated to her and his wife.
2201:
2128:
Burton K. Wheeler, 1905-1925, An Independent Liberal Under Fire
2028:
Mavericks: The Lives and Battles of Montana's Political Legends
1066:
404:
game. The new attorney settled there and began practicing law.
2078:
Senator Burton K. Wheeler and United States foreign relations
628:
implemented a 50,000 watt cap, which still remains in force.
600:, and also opposed much of Roosevelt's foreign policy before
596:
policies. He broke with Roosevelt over his opposition to the
401:
2103:
Burton K. Wheeler of Montana: A Progressive Between the Wars
741:. His defeat has been attributed, in part, to a pamphlet by
3991:
Historical left-wing third-party U.S. presidential tickets
2236:
624:, it was approved on June 13, 1938 and the next year the
2015:
Malone, Michael P. "Montana Politics and the New Deal."
311:. An independent Democrat who initially represented the
2591:
1653:"UNO Bill Approved By Senate, 65 to 7, With One Change"
291:
Born in Massachusetts, Wheeler began practicing law in
2034:: Montana Historical Society Press. pp. 161–196.
769:, a political rival of Wheeler's in Montana politics.
30:"Senator Wheeler" redirects here. For other uses, see
1793:
George R. Adams and Ralph Christian (February 1976).
1519:
Investigation of Communist Infiltration of Government
1419:
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America
1403:
Journal of the Senate of the United States of America
753:, the pamphlet accused Wheeler, along with President
429:. During his tenure, he refused to prosecute alleged
4470:
Democratic Party United States senators from Montana
1993:(University of Oklahoma Press). Scholarly biography.
1680:"Wheeler's Progress: The Evolution of a Progressive"
4515:
United States Attorneys for the District of Montana
2026:Morrison, John; Morrison, Catherine Wright (2003).
941:
List of United States senators expelled or censured
808:
4388:Third-party performances in presidential elections
330:unwillingness to prosecute people involved in the
113:United States Attorney for the District of Montana
2070:PhD dissertations available at academic libraries
1399:"Limitation of Power of Radio Broadcast Stations"
354:liberal until 1937, Wheeler broke with President
315:of the party, he received support from Montana's
4426:
3245:United States Senate Committee on Indian Affairs
2158:Wheeler, Burton Kendall; Healy, Paul F. (1962).
2025:
1011:Wheeler, Burton Kendall; Healy, Paul F. (1962).
4475:Members of the Montana House of Representatives
4455:1924 United States vice-presidential candidates
1274:Spider Web: The Birth of American Anticommunism
864:and its source material, the unpublished novel
836:in recognition of his national political role.
1415:"Radio Stations Broadcasting in Standard Band"
3975:
3592:
3228:
2768:
2577:
1857:"Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (1939) - Notes"
1575:United States Army Center of Military History
2157:
1522:. US GPO. December 13, 1955. pp. 2957–8
1510:
1179:"Burton Wheeler, former Senator for Montana"
1010:
943:; Wheeler was exonerated by the Senate 56-5.
513:Wheeler ran as a Democrat for the Senate in
2003:. Vol. 62, no. 4. pp. 3–22.
1835:
1833:
1825:Accompanying 2 photos, exterior, from 1975.
1446:
1095:"125 Montana Newsmakers: Burton K. Wheeler"
968:"The decline and fall of Burton K. Wheeler"
920:In a lesser-known alternate history novel,
303:, he became known for his criticism of the
3982:
3968:
3599:
3585:
3235:
3221:
2775:
2761:
2584:
2570:
1595:
1493:"When Is a Nazi Salute Not a Nazi Salute?"
1205:"The Indictment and Trial of Sen. Wheeler"
1088:
1086:
1084:
636:
49:
27:American politician and lawyer (1882–1975)
1981:Montana: The Magazine of Western History,
1371:. Daily Worker. April 11, 1924. p. 2
1202:
1092:
790:during the latter's testimony before the
4520:University of Michigan Law School alumni
3613:1924 United States presidential election
3075:Interstate and Foreign Commerce/Commerce
2075:
2017:Montana: The Magazine of Western History
1830:
1786:
1735:
1233:Senate Vote #126 in 1924 (68th Congress)
1123:
469:
456:
83:March 4, 1923 – January 3, 1947
3794:
2125:
2100:
1996:
1927:
1849:
1711:
1691:
1685:
1437:, February 1, 1939, pages 16-17, 70-73.
1270:
1264:
1203:Bianculli, Joseph L. (April 23, 1993).
1117:
1081:
1051:
995:"Burton K. Wheeler, Isolationist, Dies"
652:He strongly supported the isolationist
598:Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937
490:primary, and he won the support of the
14:
4427:
1431:"Proposed New FCC Rules Well Received"
1366:"Wheeler to Call His Foes in Frame-Up"
1330:
1304:
965:
792:House Un-American Activities Committee
307:and defense of civil liberties during
3963:
3829:
3580:
3216:
3113:Commerce, Science, and Transportation
2756:
2565:
2240:
1957:
1882:
1747:. August 28, 1950. pp. 2959–2986
1622:
1305:Dallek, Matthew (February 18, 1996).
852:
396:, but after getting off the train in
4460:American anti–World War II activists
2461:Senate Interstate Commerce Committee
1244:
1238:
966:Howard, Joseph Kinsey (March 1947).
905:during Lindbergh's absence, imposes
2593:United States senators from Montana
2390:U.S. Senator (Class 1) from Montana
2357:Vice President of the United States
1905:from the original on March 24, 2019
1124:Pedersen, Vernon L. (Summer 2017).
1004:
719:and leading constitutional scholar
527:Vice President of the United States
517:, and was elected over Congressman
407:
346:ticket headed by Wisconsin Senator
24:
4510:Progressivism in the United States
4403:Progressivism in the United States
4393:Labor history of the United States
4335:Social Democratic Party of America
2151:
1951:
1840:Bill Kauffman, "Heil to the Chief"
1490:
25:
4536:
4500:People from Hudson, Massachusetts
4450:20th-century American legislators
2194:
1692:Johnson, Marc (January 2, 2021).
626:Federal Communications Commission
584:, the colorful "Blind Cowboy" of
390:University of Michigan Law School
319:in his election to the Senate in
4525:20th-century Montana politicians
4330:Socialist Labor Party of America
3439:
2819:
2670:
2200:
1569:Writing the Victory Plan of 1941
1331:Kelley, Beverly Merrill (1998).
1277:. University of Illinois Press.
809:Personal life, death, and legacy
132:Montana House of Representatives
32:Senator Wheeler (disambiguation)
4505:Politicians from Butte, Montana
4398:Liberalism in the United States
2499:Most Senior Living U.S. Senator
2433:Senate Indian Affairs Committee
2217:Burton K. Wheeler mentioned in
1876:
1774:
1759:
1673:
1645:
1616:
1589:
1580:
1560:
1548:
1534:
1484:
1475:
1466:
1440:
1424:
1408:
1392:
1383:
1358:
1324:
1298:
1222:
749:Published by supporters of the
703:
439:Industrial Workers of the World
4495:Nonpartisan League politicians
4465:Burials at Rock Creek Cemetery
4408:Socialism in the United States
2076:Anderson, John Thomas (1982).
1921:
1885:"Mr. Smith Goes to Washington"
1271:Fischer, Nick (May 15, 2016).
1196:
1171:
1157:
1045:
988:
959:
645:, opposed the U.S. entry into
588:. Wheeler supported President
423:Anaconda Copper Mining Company
400:, he lost his belongings in a
13:
1:
4445:20th-century American lawyers
1983:36#1 (1986), pp. 12–25.
1783:, Political Graveyard website
952:
592:'s election, and many of his
372:
2126:Ruetten, Richard T. (1957).
2101:Ruetten, Richard T. (1961).
2062:27#3 (1977), pp. 2–19.
1934:University of Oklahoma Press
1571:, Ch. 4, "Detailed Planning"
861:Mr. Smith Goes to Washington
696:United States Army's secret
612:candidate, led primarily by
284:, which he represented as a
125:1912 – October 1918
7:
4490:Montana Progressives (1924)
2241:
2050:Pacific Northwest Quarterly
1682:, antiwar.com, May 1, 2009.
1627:(First ed.). Oakland:
1586:Anderson (1982) pp 255-268.
1447:gordonskene (May 4, 2017).
1252:. Northwest Publishing Co.
934:
761:conspiracy. Montana writer
502:. Wheeler was defeated by
388:He traveled west to attend
10:
4541:
1307:"The Good Anti-Communists"
866:The Gentleman from Montana
839:In 2004, political writer
834:National Historic Landmark
606:1940 presidential election
29:
4383:
4320:
4289:
4262:
4235:
4148:
4107:
4080:
4025:
4004:
3997:
3935:
3902:
3873:
3844:
3825:
3783:
3746:
3719:
3698:
3673:
3645:
3624:
3486:
3448:
3437:
3251:
3112:
3074:
2996:
2828:
2817:
2792:Commerce and Manufactures
2791:
2679:
2668:
2599:
2550:
2538:
2530:
2525:
2515:
2497:
2489:
2484:
2467:
2457:
2449:
2439:
2429:
2421:
2411:
2387:
2379:
2372:
2350:
2345:
2335:
2298:
2290:
2280:
2265:
2257:
2252:
2247:
1989:Johnson, Marc C. (2019).
1928:Johnson, Marc C. (2019).
1844:The American Conservative
1781:Burton K. Wheeler profile
1401:(Senate Resolution 294),
887:its television adaptation
846:The American Conservative
474:Senator Burton K. Wheeler
417:Wheeler was elected as a
267:
252:
241:
233:
220:
210:
198:
181:
157:
152:
148:
137:
129:
118:
111:
99:
87:
76:
64:
60:
48:
41:
2526:Awards and achievements
2253:Party political offices
1800:. National Park Service.
1623:Beito, David T. (2023).
1602:. Yale UP. p. 310.
1567:Charles E. Kirkpatrick,
1497:New York Review of Books
1337:. Praeger. p. 154.
882:The Plot Against America
781:
631:
575:
452:
419:Montana state legislator
412:
328:Harding administration's
4355:Socialist Workers Party
654:America First Committee
637:America First Committee
543:Immigration Act of 1924
4131:William Jennings Bryan
2086:University of Virginia
1883:Sklar, Robert (2002).
1813:Cite journal requires
1481:Anderson (1982) p 142.
1472:Johnson (2012), p. 12.
976:. March 1947. Harper's
913:Sam V. Stewart during
779:
710:attack on Pearl Harbor
641:Wheeler, an outspoken
475:
467:
427:United States Attorney
364:attack on Pearl Harbor
348:Robert La Follette Sr.
288:from 1923 until 1947.
274:Burton Kendall Wheeler
257:University of Michigan
206:Washington, D.C., U.S.
162:Burton Kendall Wheeler
4272:Robert M. La Follette
4194:George R. Kirkpatrick
4094:Charles E. Cunningham
4053:Barzillai J. Chambers
3922:Charles Hiram Randall
3804:Robert M. La Follette
3686:Robert M. La Follette
1846:, September 27, 2004.
1631:. pp. 179, 245.
1629:Independent Institute
1071:Harper & Brothers
774:
757:, of being part of a
590:Franklin D. Roosevelt
486:, easily winning the
473:
460:
379:Hudson, Massachusetts
356:Franklin D. Roosevelt
286:United States senator
175:Hudson, Massachusetts
66:United States Senator
4485:Montana Independents
3940:Other 1924 elections
3754:William Gibbs McAdoo
2209:at Wikimedia Commons
2190:, his autobiography.
2136:University of Oregon
2111:University of Oregon
1168:. 1940. p. 858.
895:fictional presidency
889:, Wheeler serves as
803:Yankee from the West
763:Joseph Kinsey Howard
743:David George Plotkin
661:, gave the palm-out
506:former U.S. Senator
466:cover, June 18, 1923
377:Wheeler was born in
305:Sedition Act of 1918
4350:Communist Party USA
2997:Interstate Commerce
2347:New political party
2272:Governor of Montana
2130:(Master's thesis).
2019:21.1 (1971): 2–11.
1896:Library of Congress
1827: (681 KB)
1596:Susan Dunn (2013).
1209:The Washington Post
1105:on January 10, 2013
1099:Great Falls Tribune
911:Governor of Montana
826:Rock Creek Cemetery
670:"Wheeler Committee"
643:non-interventionist
492:Non-Partisan League
484:Governor of Montana
332:Teapot Dome scandal
203:Rock Creek Cemetery
4375:New Alliance Party
4345:Farmer–Labor Party
4340:Independence Party
4291:Progressive (1948)
4264:Progressive (1924)
4245:Theodore Roosevelt
2508:Served alongside:
2396:Served alongside:
2052:54.1 (1963) 19-29
1661:. December 4, 1945
1658:The New York Times
1557:(Gunther), p. 175.
1001:. January 7, 1975.
999:The New York Times
853:In popular culture
767:Jerry J. O'Connell
708:Following Japan's
622:Wheeler resolution
539:Harry M. Daugherty
482:, Wheeler ran for
476:
468:
4480:Montana Democrats
4422:
4421:
4416:
4415:
4323:left-wing parties
4316:
4315:
4276:Burton K. Wheeler
3957:
3956:
3931:
3930:
3875:Prohibition Party
3856:William Z. Foster
3821:
3820:
3812:Burton K. Wheeler
3786:Progressive Party
3779:
3778:
3694:
3693:
3574:
3573:
3451:(1977–1993)
3254:(1820–1947)
3210:
3209:
3077:(1947–1977)
2999:(1887–1947)
2831:(1825–1947)
2794:(1816–1825)
2750:
2749:
2560:
2559:
2551:Succeeded by
2516:Succeeded by
2506:1972–1975
2502:Sitting or Former
2480:
2468:Succeeded by
2440:Succeeded by
2412:Succeeded by
2394:1923–1947
2336:Succeeded by
2281:Succeeded by
2213:Congress bioguide
2207:Burton K. Wheeler
2205:Media related to
2041:978-0-917298-93-6
1723:. August 28, 1950
1165:Current Biography
973:Harper's Magazine
899:Charles Lindbergh
877:alternate history
537:Attorney General
531:Progressive Party
344:Progressive Party
271:
270:
172:February 27, 1882
16:(Redirected from
4532:
4299:Henry A. Wallace
4135:Thomas E. Watson
4023:
4022:
4019:running mate(s))
4017:(candidate(s) /
3984:
3977:
3970:
3961:
3960:
3827:
3826:
3810:Vice President:
3792:
3791:
3747:Other candidates
3737:Charles W. Bryan
3735:Vice President:
3717:
3716:
3701:Democratic Party
3674:Other candidates
3664:Charles G. Dawes
3662:Vice President:
3643:
3642:
3627:Republican Party
3601:
3594:
3587:
3578:
3577:
3449:Select Committee
3443:
3237:
3230:
3223:
3214:
3213:
2823:
2777:
2770:
2763:
2754:
2753:
2674:
2586:
2579:
2572:
2563:
2562:
2534:Herbert L. Pratt
2531:Preceded by
2503:
2493:John N. Heiskell
2490:Preceded by
2485:Honorary titles
2474:
2450:Preceded by
2422:Preceded by
2380:Preceded by
2367:Party dissolved
2291:Preceded by
2258:Preceded by
2250:
2249:
2238:
2237:
2204:
2189:
2147:
2122:
2097:
2045:
2012:
1976:
1947:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1904:
1889:
1880:
1874:
1873:
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1869:
1853:
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1828:
1822:
1816:
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1801:
1799:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1770:full text online
1763:
1757:
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1620:
1614:
1613:
1593:
1587:
1584:
1578:
1577:, CMH Pub 93-10.
1564:
1558:
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1220:
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1200:
1194:
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1189:
1175:
1169:
1161:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1101:. Archived from
1090:
1079:
1078:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1008:
1002:
992:
986:
985:
983:
981:
963:
928:William Overgard
903:acting president
799:Washington, D.C.
721:Zechariah Chafee
668:As chair of the
500:Blackfoot Indian
496:African American
447:William F. Dunne
408:Political career
358:on the issue of
313:progressive wing
278:Democratic Party
192:Washington, D.C.
188:
171:
169:
153:Personal details
142:
123:
102:
90:
81:
53:
39:
38:
21:
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4425:
4424:
4423:
4418:
4417:
4412:
4379:
4322:
4312:
4285:
4258:
4231:
4222:James H. Maurer
4208:Seymour Stedman
4190:Allan L. Benson
4144:
4117:James B. Weaver
4103:
4076:
4067:Absolom M. West
4063:Benjamin Butler
4049:James B. Weaver
4018:
4016:
4014:
4012:
4010:
4008:
4006:
4000:
3993:
3988:
3958:
3953:
3927:
3914:Gilbert Nations
3898:
3885:Herman P. Faris
3869:
3864:Benjamin Gitlow
3846:Communist Party
3840:
3817:
3775:
3771:Oscar Underwood
3742:
3704:
3690:
3669:
3655:Calvin Coolidge
3630:
3620:
3605:
3575:
3570:
3488:
3482:
3450:
3444:
3435:
3253:
3247:
3241:
3211:
3206:
3114:
3108:
3076:
3070:
2998:
2992:
2830:
2824:
2815:
2793:
2787:
2781:
2751:
2746:
2675:
2666:
2595:
2590:
2556:
2554:Edward M. House
2547:
2536:
2521:
2507:
2505:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2473:
2464:
2455:
2445:
2436:
2427:
2417:
2407:James E. Murray
2399:Thomas J. Walsh
2395:
2393:
2385:
2360:
2341:
2318:
2311:
2296:
2286:
2275:
2263:
2243:
2197:
2154:
2152:Primary sources
2082:Charlottesville
2072:
2042:
1973:
1959:Beito, David T.
1954:
1952:Further reading
1944:
1924:
1919:
1918:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1887:
1881:
1877:
1867:
1865:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1838:
1831:
1814:
1812:
1803:
1802:
1797:
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1779:
1775:
1764:
1760:
1750:
1748:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1726:
1724:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1702:
1700:
1690:
1686:
1678:
1674:
1664:
1662:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1639:
1621:
1617:
1610:
1594:
1590:
1585:
1581:
1565:
1561:
1553:
1549:
1539:
1535:
1525:
1523:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1501:
1499:
1489:
1485:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1457:
1455:
1445:
1441:
1429:
1425:
1413:
1409:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1384:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1329:
1325:
1315:
1313:
1311:Chicago Tribune
1303:
1299:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1269:
1265:
1243:
1239:
1227:
1223:
1213:
1211:
1201:
1197:
1187:
1185:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1162:
1158:
1148:
1146:
1122:
1118:
1108:
1106:
1093:Tribune Staff.
1091:
1082:
1050:
1046:
1009:
1005:
993:
989:
979:
977:
964:
960:
955:
937:
855:
811:
784:
755:Harry S. Truman
751:Communist Party
706:
698:Victory Program
690:Lend Lease Bill
682:Wendell Willkie
672:(formally, the
639:
634:
578:
558:Calvin Coolidge
519:Carl W. Riddick
508:Joseph M. Dixon
455:
415:
410:
375:
222:
221:Other political
211:Political party
205:
190:
186:
185:January 6, 1975
173:
167:
165:
164:
163:
143:
138:
124:
119:
100:
88:
82:
77:
68:
56:
55:Wheeler in 1922
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4538:
4528:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4420:
4419:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4378:
4377:
4372:
4370:Citizens Party
4367:
4365:People's Party
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4326:
4324:
4318:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4311:
4310:
4303:Glen H. Taylor
4295:
4293:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4283:
4268:
4266:
4260:
4259:
4257:
4256:
4241:
4239:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4229:
4215:
4204:Eugene V. Debs
4201:
4187:
4176:Eugene V. Debs
4173:
4158:Eugene V. Debs
4154:
4152:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4142:
4128:
4121:James G. Field
4113:
4111:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4090:Alson Streeter
4086:
4084:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4074:
4060:
4046:
4039:Samuel F. Cary
4031:
4029:
4020:
4011:one percent of
4002:
4001:
3998:
3995:
3994:
3987:
3986:
3979:
3972:
3964:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3951:
3946:
3936:
3933:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3917:
3908:
3906:
3904:American Party
3900:
3899:
3897:
3896:
3893:Marie C. Brehm
3888:
3879:
3877:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3867:
3859:
3850:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3807:
3798:
3796:
3789:
3781:
3780:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3768:
3767:
3766:
3756:
3750:
3748:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3740:
3732:
3723:
3721:
3714:
3696:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3689:
3688:
3683:
3677:
3675:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3667:
3659:
3649:
3647:
3640:
3622:
3621:
3604:
3603:
3596:
3589:
3581:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3492:
3490:
3487:Full Committee
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3454:
3452:
3446:
3445:
3438:
3436:
3434:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3257:
3255:
3252:Full Committee
3249:
3248:
3243:Chairs of the
3240:
3239:
3232:
3225:
3217:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3118:
3116:
3115:(1977–present)
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3080:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3002:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2834:
2832:
2826:
2825:
2818:
2816:
2814:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2797:
2795:
2789:
2788:
2783:Chairs of the
2780:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2757:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2676:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2596:
2589:
2588:
2581:
2574:
2566:
2558:
2557:
2552:
2549:
2537:
2532:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2522:
2517:
2514:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2469:
2466:
2456:
2451:
2447:
2446:
2441:
2438:
2428:
2423:
2419:
2418:
2413:
2410:
2386:
2383:Henry L. Myers
2381:
2377:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2334:
2297:
2294:Henry L. Myers
2292:
2288:
2287:
2282:
2279:
2264:
2261:Sam V. Stewart
2259:
2255:
2254:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2235:
2234:
2233:podcast (2022)
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4035:Peter Cooper
4015:popular vote
4013:the national
4009:won at least
4007:tickets that
4005:Presidential
3939:
3920:VP nominee:
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3891:VP nominee:
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3862:VP nominee:
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3809:
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3625:
3617:→ 1928
3609:← 1920
3420:
3065:
2868:Goldsborough
2636:
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2443:Elmer Thomas
2430:
2425:Lynn Frazier
2397:
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2355:nominee for
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2305:U.S. Senator
2303:nominee for
2299:
2270:nominee for
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2077:
2059:
2049:
2027:
2016:
1998:
1990:
1980:
1962:
1929:
1907:. Retrieved
1891:
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1866:. Retrieved
1860:
1851:
1843:
1806:cite journal
1788:
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1749:. Retrieved
1743:
1737:
1727:December 11,
1725:. Retrieved
1719:
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1703:December 11,
1701:. Retrieved
1698:Montana View
1697:
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1665:December 27,
1663:. Retrieved
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1526:November 12,
1524:. Retrieved
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1500:. Retrieved
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1456:. Retrieved
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1435:Broadcasting
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1373:. Retrieved
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1348:. Retrieved
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1147:. Retrieved
1138:(2): 51–53.
1135:
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1107:. Retrieved
1103:the original
1098:
1058:Inside U.S.A
1057:
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978:. Retrieved
971:
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885:(2004), and
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796:
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771:
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704:World War II
694:
686:Nazi Germany
669:
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651:
647:World War II
640:
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602:World War II
579:
555:
551:John Gunther
535:
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477:
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443:Sedition Act
416:
387:
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317:labor unions
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273:
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223:affiliations
187:(1975-01-06)
139:
120:
101:Succeeded by
78:
36:
4440:1975 deaths
4435:1882 births
4180:Emil Seidel
4162:Ben Hanford
4082:Union Labor
3837:independent
3833:Third-party
3802:President:
3727:President:
3658:(incumbent)
3653:President:
3187:Rockefeller
2415:Zales Ecton
2374:U.S. Senate
2353:Progressive
2166:Garden City
1922:Works cited
1751:October 21,
1334:Reelpolitik
1246:Coan, Blair
1183:GovTrack.us
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739:Zales Ecton
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2465:1936–1947
2437:1933–1936
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1109:August 27,
1073:. p.
1031:B0006AXYL6
953:References
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926:(1980) by
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488:Democratic
373:Early life
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3637:Primaries
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3331:Henderson
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2219:Episode 5
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2170:Doubleday
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2009:0026-9891
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1458:April 17,
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3646:Nominees
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3506:Campbell
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3316:Atchison
3301:A. White
3296:Morehead
3286:H. White
3276:H. White
3202:Cantwell
3167:Hollings
3157:Hollings
3147:Pressler
3142:Hollings
3137:Danforth
3132:Packwood
3122:Magnuson
3104:Magnuson
3031:Newlands
2983:Copeland
2978:Stephens
2963:Fletcher
2933:McMillan
2918:Conkling
2913:Chandler
2848:Woodbury
2843:Johnston
2829:Commerce
2737:J. Walsh
2727:Hatfield
2712:Erickson
2707:T. Walsh
2144:26530769
1961:(2023).
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1900:Archived
1502:July 29,
1258:26000277
1248:(1925).
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1144:26322816
1063:New York
1055:(1947).
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594:New Deal
586:Oklahoma
431:sedition
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3473:Andrews
3463:Melcher
3421:Wheeler
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3411:Harreld
3406:Spencer
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3376:Stewart
3346:Allison
3266:Johnson
3177:Stevens
3099:Bricker
3066:Wheeler
3056:Couzens
3041:Cummins
2888:Haywood
2863:Silsbee
2853:Forsyth
2806:Sanford
2722:Metcalf
2680:Class 2
2652:Melcher
2637:Wheeler
2607:Sanders
2600:Class 1
2314:Class 1
2309:Montana
2242:Related
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2060:Montana
2000:Montana
1892:loc.gov
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1350:May 18,
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282:Montana
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3401:Curtis
3386:Gamble
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3291:Sevier
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3152:McCain
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2928:Ransom
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2898:Hamlin
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2717:Murray
2692:Carter
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2627:Carter
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2107:Eugene
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