Canadian Football League in the United States

192:. NFL teams handily won most of these contests, however the most compelling reason they were discontinued was that minor league baseball attendance in both countries fell drastically in the 1950s and 1960s, a development which coincided with MLB telecasts reaching an ever-larger audience. This allowed CFL teams to take over several facilities originally designed to accommodate baseball for their exclusive use, and in turn allowed the CFL to play a less compressed schedule that eventually started in early summer. The NFL, by contrast, had neither the need nor the inclination to play throughout the summer in the much warmer U.S. climate, and thus continued to start its schedule in early September, thus making interleague play with the CFL unfeasible. 1920:

the Stallions appeared to be able to take the field in some form for the 1996 season. Of the American owners, Anderson was the most amenable to retaining an American-based team in 1996. While he initially stated that the league needed at least three other American teams for the Texans to be viable, he was willing to bring the Texans back for 1996 if the Stallions moved to Houston, since this would have not only ensured two American teams but also an intrastate rivalry. Anderson estimated that if there was even one other American team in the league, he could withstand annual losses of US$ 2 million indefinitely. However, that scenario looked less and less likely, as Speros—under prodding from Smith—had begun serious discussions with officials in

1341:. As part of the deal, Glieberman not only had to pay the expansion fee, but also had to settle his previous Ottawa debts. There was a groundswell of local support for the club, but also significant difficulties in its first year, including stifling weather, cultural clashes, organizational gaffes, and serious hints of under-capitalization (during training camp the team was housed in a dorm above a milking barn). A woeful record did not help, as the team lost its first 14 games. The Pirates showed some promise at the end of the season, reeling off a 3–1 record in their final four games; attendance also jumped, and the home finale drew over 32,000 fans to 40,000-seat 1813:, who turned out to be its final owner. In Calgary, Ryckman suggested he would move the Stampeders to the United States unless fans stepped up with 16,000 season tickets. While season ticket goals were met, the overall increase in attendance was modest in 1995 to 24,406 and would be wiped out the next year. In Toronto, Bruce McNall's finances collapsed in the midst of revelations of financial wrongdoing, and because Wayne Gretzky's salary relied on McNall, and John Candy had put his share in the team up for sale the day he died, hours before his death, the Argonauts effectively had no owners; the team would be operated by league television partner 1603:. The Alamodome offered two advantages over other U.S. facilities – it was a multi-purpose facility with retractable seating that could accommodate a full size CFL field, and it was an indoor, air-conditioned facility, meaning the teams playing there did not have to deal with the summer heat. The team continued to be bankrolled by the enthusiastic Fred Anderson. Archer, entering his fifth year as Anderson's quarterback, led the second best offence in the league; he nevertheless suffered an injury late in the season, prompting the team to hire 45-year-old 1529: 1109: 1516:

exceeded expectations. Williams knew that the 'Cudas potentially faced serious attendance problems once the traditional American football season began, and persuaded the CFL to let them play their late-season home games on Sunday afternoons – something the league had avoided in order to avoid putting its television broadcasts in direct competition with the NFL's. Williams calculated that competing with the NFL on television was a more reasonable risk to take compared to competition with local high school and

7134: 1560:, which had to be heavily reconfigured to accommodate the Canadian game. Astroturf sections were added around the grass field to accommodate the required width, while the expansion of the length of the field to 110 yards forced the end zones to become half Astroturf pentagons that averaged seven yards in the corners and fourteen yards behind the uprights. The grandstands stood mere yards from the end line, prompting veteran CFL quarterback 1941: 1364:, the team became infamous for botched gimmicks. Attendance, never good to begin with, dropped to embarrassing levels as the season went on. With such dreadful gates, the team's cash flow dwindled to the point that, according to one assistant coach, "we couldn't even afford paper." After only 2,350 attended an October home game against Winnipeg (the lowest-attended match since the CFL's founding in 1958), owner 889: 768: 1175:. The team's embrace of the Colts' history gained them an instant following in Baltimore and publicity in the national sports media, although an injunction obtained shortly before the team's first game forced the team to stop using "Colts" in their name and to instead refer to the team as the "Baltimore CFLers" or "Baltimore Football Club". Since Memorial Stadium had originally been built to accommodate 1406:, accepted the Packers, the idea of sharing the venue with a CFL team whose schedule substantially overlapped with Major League Baseball led them to reject the relocation. The Mississippi team was even included on the 1995 internal schedule and had hired a general manager and coaching staff, only for the deal to collapse amid squabbles with the Las Vegas corporation that owned the Posse. A group from 933:'s decision to stop its lucrative television sponsorship in 1987. The arrangement had provided steady income to all of the league's teams, reaching $ 11 million per season before its withdrawal. However, these guaranteed revenues, instead of being used to grow the league, had subsidized outdated and shoddy financial practices and marketing both at the team and league level. Longtime CFL commissioner 1588:, who put up decent numbers, the squad limped to a 5–13 record. As elsewhere, Shreveport saw a second season attendance decline, and with the season winding down, the city had clearly soured on the Gliebermans. They became embroiled in legal difficulties and, in one particularly absurd incident, Bernie Glieberman had his lawyer attempt (unsuccessfully) to abscond with a half-million dollar 3452: 1040:. A total of 15,362 attended, close to the averages later American teams would post. Portland was seriously considered for a franchise, but investors failed to emerge. The expansion announcement prompted numerous applications from a wide variety of American cities. By the end of the expansion era, a minimum of 22 cities are reported to have been considered for teams. 1607:(whom Stephenson had coached as a member of the Buffalo Bills) out of retirement to serve as a backup. They finished 12–6 and finally made the playoffs. In the first round they trounced Birmingham, 51–9, before falling to the Baltimore Stallions, 21–11, in the South Division final. Team attendance was around the same level Anderson had previously seen in Sacramento. 1916:

they learned that Glieberman was still facing legal disputes in Shreveport. The Barracudas resurfaced in the news in January 1996 when Williams sold them for $ 750,000 to a group that planned to move them to Shreveport as a replacement for the Pirates. However, that deal was contingent upon the league approving the sale and relocation, which never happened.

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impending return to Baltimore had cropped up as early as September. Speros and other insiders initially did not believe Modell was serious, a belief shared for a time even by some NFL owners. Even as it became clear that the Browns' relocation threat was credible, they still hoped NFL owners known to be opposed to the Browns' relocation such as

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another chance at major network exposure when NBC bought out the ESPN rights for $ 100,000 a game to make up for its lost football programming. NBC would air CFL games on Sunday afternoons with full NFL production values and announcing crews. However, every one of the four games shown was a blowout, and the league and network decided to

3442: 2080:, stricter standards of ownership, and increasingly lucrative television contracts negotiated with Canadian networks. The league has remained solely focused on its Canadian operations, with expansion efforts focused for decades on returning a stable team to Ottawa. The first attempt at a replacement for the Rough Riders, the 1425:, and Anderson blamed losses of US$ 10 million over two years on the facility. After attempts to have Sacramento State upgrade or replace the facility failed, he announced in October 1994—with two weeks to go in the season—that the Gold Miners would be playing elsewhere in 1995. Anderson initially intended to move to 1018:

issues with cash flow, later revealed to be the result of his wealth being inflated by illegal accounting, were one obvious instigator. While the newer owners championed expansion, equal distribution of the expansion fees also appealed to the community owned teams as these would shore up their finances.

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Even after the end of U.S. expansion, American investors continued to be involved with the CFL for many years at the ownership level, notably in Calgary and Ottawa. By the end of the first decade of the 21st century, all extant franchises except Montreal had come under Canadian ownership, leaving the

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Once the Browns' move became official, what remained of local support for the Stallions dried up almost overnight. The team responded with desperate measures, essentially giving away thousands of tickets for what would become the final CFL game played in the United States, and announced a respectable

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provides a similar estimate of US$ 21 million. The $ 10 million estimated loss in Birmingham was the most substantial, followed by US$ 4 to $ 6 million estimated for Anderson's Texans. Memphis and Shreveport losses were estimated at US$ 3 million apiece. The Baltimore losses were comparatively modest

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While the Stallions experienced a successful year on the field, and finished second to Edmonton in average attendance, the city's excitement of 1994 died down. Attendance declined, with season ticket sales dropping to around 17,000. Later reports suggested that attendance numbers had been inflated by

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With these changes, the CFL abandoned its longstanding East-West divisional format in favour of a North-South format for 1995. The five American teams—Baltimore, Birmingham, Memphis, San Antonio, and Shreveport—would be placed in the South Division, while the eight Canadian teams were included in the

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The Gold Miners, after spending much of 1993 adjusting to the Canadian game, rebounded strongly to finish 9–8–1 in their second season, three points short of the playoffs. They were led again by David Archer at quarterback, who had persisted with the team since its World League days as the Sacramento

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Against this economic backdrop, a new generation of venture capitalist owners took the place of the community groups, local consortiums, or philanthropists that typically had owned the teams and operated them without any serious profit motive. They were led by McNall in Toronto, Glieberman in Ottawa,

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stars, including Willie Mitchell, who scored the Lions' only touchdown in a 13–7 loss in front of 12,583. Western teams were mostly ignored by U.S. clubs as potential opposition for preseason interleague contests, although this was in part due to the more onerous travel requirements to Western Canada

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Prior to and even after the formation of the CFL, the teams of the IRFU (which eventually became the CFL's Eastern Football Conference) were regarded, especially in Eastern Canada, as superior to the Western Canadian teams. Starting in the 1930s, Western Canadian teams had begun aggressively scouting

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Other legal troubles were left over in wake of the expansion collapse. Louisiana courts eventually ordered the Gliebermans to repay Shreveport US$ 1 million with interest; the dispute centered over whether the city had agreed to share losses or simply lent money to the ownership group. Art Williams,

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as a minority partner. Williams had decided to get out even before Baltimore's fate was announced; a day after the Barracudas were eliminated from the playoffs (and a day before the Browns announced they were leaving Cleveland), he announced that the squad would not be playing in Birmingham in 1996,

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was openly disparaging Canadian rules and teams. Officials of the new American teams found that the Canadian clubs were hesitant to accommodate the new American audience. The Canadian owners, for their part, refused to make any major changes to the rules, the schedule, or the name of the league; the

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Baltimore was far and away the most successful of any American CFL team both the field and off, averaging crowds of over 37,000 their first year. Knowing that Canadian football was considerably different from the American game, Speros stocked the Baltimore club mostly with CFL veterans. As coach, he

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In response to a disparity between the East and West Divisions, it was decided in the middle of the season to grant the fourth place Western team a playoff berth. There was speculation this was done in part to ensure Sacramento remained in playoff contention as long as possible and at the insistence

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The experiment started on a sour note, however, when an ownership dispute forced Benson to pull San Antonio out on the same evening the franchise was to be formally introduced. Anderson decided to continue with the venture after Benson's withdrawal, but made clear that he did not want his team to be

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With the exception of Baltimore, all of the American teams consistently lost money. Tension also arose between the American and Canadian contingents over rule changes, scheduling, import rules, and marketing. Facing these difficulties, the league returned to being exclusively Canadian beginning with

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The expansion fees themselves were a significant legacy of the expansion effort. Smith claims US$ 14 to $ 15 million was brought in and that it saved the league. A more modest assessment suggests expansion saved the Stampeders and Tiger-Cats—both teams were undeniably in distress during the era—and

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Smith had given the American teams until the end of January 1996 to decide whether they would return for the 1996 season. By then, sources were stating that four of the five American teams had "either folded, have no stadiums to play in or will not be permitted to be part of the CFL in 1996." Only

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Canadian teams were facing their own troubles, particularly with attendance. The eight Canadian teams were down to an average of 22,740 in 1994, a drop of 3,000 from the previous year. It marked the beginning of an historic trough in Canadian CFL attendance that would last for most of the 1990s. A

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Despite some positive initial attendance numbers, after three years it was clear that general American fan interest in Canadian football was sparse. Differences in the Canadian game, such as three downs and the larger field, had not been embraced south of the border. While the CFL had a small deal

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college football. Despite the time change, attendance still dropped to unsustainable levels; none of the final four home games attracted more than 10,000 people. Williams claimed to have lost at least US$ 10 million on the season—at least as much as his startup costs—and blamed fan apathy for the

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The end came swiftly in the months after the Grey Cup. By the time of a December 1 CFL Board of Governors meeting, the Mad Dogs had folded and the Barracudas were on the brink. The Pirates held out a little longer and flirted with a relocation to Norfolk, but local officials broke off talks after

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following a settlement between Modell, the NFL and the city of Cleveland) it soon became apparent that there wasn't enough advertising revenue or fan support to go around. Additionally, the Stallions would have faced serious logistical problems with Memorial Stadium once the NFL season started in

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Tension had also arisen between the American and Canadian teams. As early as the 1994 Grey Cup, the American owners, led by Speros in Baltimore, were calling for numerous changes to accommodate the American teams and their potential fans. They proposed that the end zones be reduced to 15 yards in

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and won convincingly, 37–20. The first and only American team to take the championship, the 1995 Stallions team has since acquired a reputation as one of the CFL's best ever. At the time, their .756 winning percentage over their first two seasons was the best start for an expansion team in North

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Like Williams, Smith knew the Mad Dogs would face an uphill battle attracting fans once the traditional American football season started. As was the case in Birmingham, Smith persuaded the CFL to let the Dogs play their late-season home games on Sundays to avoid competing against high school and

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was hired as league commissioner in February 1992, reportedly on the explicit understanding that he would pursue American expansion. While Smith would become the most visible face of the era, he emphasized that it was the owners who drove the initiative, particularly McNall and Ryckman. McNall's

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cable network signed a deal in 1980 to broadcast 30 CFL regular season games and the playoffs (including the Grey Cup game) in the United States, and CFL games became a fixture of the early years of the network. Two years later, in 1982, after NFL players went on strike in September, the CFL got

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would persuade Modell to come to terms with Cleveland. Nonetheless, by November the rumors were enough to seriously impair the Stallions' marketing efforts, and attendance for the team's semi-final against Winnipeg (played two days before the Browns' announcement) was a franchise low of 21,040.

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for the following season. A day after the game, the Stallions' owners called Commissioner Smith and requested a meeting in Toronto; Smith's summary of their position was "we'll pay our bills but we're done." The Stallions had been broadsided by the announcement, even though rumors of the NFL's

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rights for 1996. There was no widespread national promotional effort for the league in the U.S., and the general preference to avoid competing with the NFL in major markets hurt its efforts to reach out to major media platforms. Moreover, the July to November CFL season, designed to ensure the

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at quarterback, the Barracudas fell short of the South Division title, but remained competitive throughout the year. Despite selling only 2,000 season tickets and facing community apathy after numerous attempts at pro football squads had failed in the city, attendance for the first three games

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On January 13, 1993, the league approved both franchises by a vote of 7–1, with Winnipeg dissenting. League owners also decided not to apply the requirement of 20 "non-import" Canadian-raised players to the American squads after being advised that such a requirement would be a violation of US

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Against this backdrop, a second round of league meetings was held on February 2, where all five American franchises, including the Stallions, were formally shuttered, bringing the CFL's American expansion to a close. At the same time, former Stallions owner Speros was granted a "reactivated"

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North Division. The top five Canadian teams and top three American teams would qualify for the playoffs; the fifth-seeded North team would "cross over" to the South playoffs, for a total of four teams per playoff bracket. The league gained its first national American television contract with

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The Las Vegas situation was one of a bevy of developments faced by the league in the 1994–1995 offseason. The Posse were officially disbanded in April 1995, but not before the CFL damaged its credibility by twice granting provisional approval for the franchise's relocation, first to

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The re-establishment of the Montreal Alouettes remains as the major legacy of the American experiment. Commissioner Smith, under pressure from the CFLPA and keen to ensure Montreal's new team was a Grey Cup contender from the outset, persuaded the other eight CFL teams to permit an

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was controversially excluded from a merger with the NFL, the Buffalo game drew more than 18,000 fans – a decent crowd for the era. In 1958, the first season officially played under the CFL moniker, Hamilton defeated Ottawa in a regular-season contest in front of about 15,000 in

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agreed to a 14-game regular season package of its own; unlike the NFL Network, NBC opted to broadcast games during the NFL preseason as well as cover the playoffs and Grey Cup. Both the NBC and ESPN deals were renewed in 2013 with a slight scaling back of playoff coverage and

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Further U.S. expansion has been occasionally proposed informally. However, the league itself has expressed little interest in these proposals and U.S. expansion has not been formally explored. The spectre of American CFL games has mainly been used as a device for satire and

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Agreement on rules and schedules might have been reached had the league achieved economic stability, but losses among American teams were drastic and widespread. In 1995 alone, Fred Anderson estimated that the U.S. teams had collectively lost more than US$ 20 million.

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announced the team was suspending operations. To avoid shuttering a team mid-season, the league moved the Posse's final home game to Edmonton. The team was little better on the field, finishing 5–13—the second-worst record in the league (ahead of only the Pirates).

1737:, the Stallions started 2–3, but then steamrolled through the rest of the season, winning 13 games in a row to finish first in the South Division. They knocked off Winnipeg and then San Antonio in the South Division final. They faced the Calgary Stampeders in the 2112:

in which the Alouettes were allowed to draft only Canadian players to allow the team to remain competitive under the more restrictive rule regime, finishing their first season 12–6 and advancing to the East Final. Eventually, Speros would sell the Alouettes to

272:, being called upon to entertain their regional neighbours. News reports from the time suggest a hybrid game of three down Canadian ball played on the more restricted 100 yard American field. One BC–Winnipeg matchup in 1960 was held not on the west coast but in 1750:

giveaways and the team projected some losses in 1995. Despite these difficulties, the Stallions remained the model that lent the American expansion project credibility; other American owners looked to Baltimore in deciding on the future of their own teams.

185:(whose facilities hosted several NFL teams) and minor league baseball attracting large crowds in both countries. As a result, much like their American counterparts, the Canadian leagues played mainly in the autumn after the baseball season had wound down. 1981:

and barred from doing business in Alberta. After the indictment of McNall, Ryckman was the second major architect of expansion to run afoul of the law; the Stampeders were later bought by Sig Gutsche via a receivership court for $ 1.6 million on April 3.

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Most exhibition games involving Canadian teams in the U.S. tended to be characterized by low scores and frequent punting, with crowds between 10,000 and 20,000; these numbers dropped off in the last two games of the era. A low-scoring BC–Edmonton game in

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football. It was of no avail; late in the season the Mad Dogs struggled to attract more than 10,000 people. Like Williams, Smith publicly blamed community apathy and media hostility for the lackluster attendance. The team went 9–9 in their only year.

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if it returned at all. Earlier, he had stated that he was not willing to play another season in Birmingham unless the league moved to a spring schedule; he felt it would be folly to risk another season going head-to-head with Alabama and Auburn.

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The idea of expansion into the United States began to take shape in the early 1990s, prompted by precarious ownership situations and chronic money shortages among the existing Canadian teams. The chief catalyst of the league's struggles was

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in an era when rail travel was the norm and the fact the WIFU moved up the start of its regular season long before the Eastern section followed suit. It would not be until 2019 that NFL teams would play any sort of contest in Western Canada.

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Alouettes' Wetenhall as the league's only American owner. Wetenhall sold his franchise back to the league prior to the start of the 2019 season, thus putting the CFL under exclusively Canadian-based ownership for the first time in decades.

120:. While the CFL's presence on U.S. television has consistently been limited to cable TV networks and streaming services, its U.S. TV audience was enough to account for about 20% of the league's total North American viewership during the 1972:

stepped in and provided enough sponsorship money to allow both competing teams to collect their paychecks. The Rough Riders disbanded at the end of the season and the Stampeders declared bankruptcy after Ryckman was fined $ 250,000 for

1191:, who had already played in two Grey Cups and won one. The result was a team that eventually finished second in the East with a 12–6 record and became the first American team to qualify for the playoffs, advancing all the way to the 1151:

in Canada. Shreveport and Baltimore were placed in the East Division, while Sacramento and Las Vegas wound up in the West. The playoffs were expanded again to eight teams (four per division). Another team was to have been added in

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With the Posse folding, the Gold Miners moving, and the Pirates facing money troubles, three of the four CFL expansion teams had stumbled. The league, however, still managed to expand into two new markets for the 1995 season. The

4476: 1329:. The Gliebermans had hinted at moving the Rough Riders to the United States, making them even more unpopular than they already were in Canada's capital. As part of a settlement with the CFL, Glieberman sold the Rough Riders to 1805:

massive league-wide season ticket drive was undertaken prior to 1995. Commissioner Larry Smith told the Rough Riders and Tiger-Cats that unless they sold more tickets, they would be forced to either fold or move. Ottawa owner

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to form the CFL in 1958. Until well into the second half of the twentieth century, football in both countries was often played in facilities designed for baseball, the most popular summer sport in both countries, with both

4447: 1492:, which agreed to televise more than 20 regular season games, plus the playoffs. The deal was reportedly worth about $ 1.5 million (equivalent to $ 3 million in 2023). The CFL would remain on the network until 1997. 5457: 139:

Until 1993, the Canadian Football League, and its predecessor associations, had always operated solely within Canada, despite most other professional sports leagues in North America being cross-border enterprises. The

1964:, with Smith describing the move as a "retrenchment". This, however, did not stem the troubles the teams were facing. With no expansion fee revenue to buoy them, eight of the nine teams would lose money in 1996. The 1871:(one of the few dignitaries to attend the Stallions' championship celebration) and some others claimed it was possible that the Stallions could coexist with Modell's team (which was ultimately reconstituted as the 726:

The idea of attracting American fans through television has long been a goal of the CFL although the results have been intermittent. As early as 1954, the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union (forerunner of the

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was offered the chance to buy the Argonauts, and countered with a proposal to buy the entire league and "have it migrate south", which the owners refused. McMahon would instead partner with NBC to create the

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in Memphis. While few of the American stadiums to host Canadian football were ideal, the literal and figurative corners cut at the Liberty Bowl were particularly severe; the field was well short of regulation

8158: 7262: 8173: 7468: 8554: 7976: 5211: 7483: 5503: 2001:, it would mean the end of the CFL. Instead, in exchange for a new player agreement between the leagues, the NFL provided the CFL franchises with marketing assistance and a $ 3 million loan in 1997. 8569: 8347: 7991: 4498: 7763: 767: 2683:

For several years after the expansion era contract with ESPN ended in 1997, the CFL was absent from American television. At the end of 2001, the league began a relationship with the now-defunct

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enraged after discovering some American owners had received discounts and extended payment periods on their franchise fees, threatened litigation and at first refused to honour the balance of

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network that would last until 2009. Coverage was relatively generous with 43 games, including the playoffs, covered in the last year. A more modest deal of 14 games was negotiated with the

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Eleven neutral-site IRFU/WIFU/CFL games have been played on American soil. The earliest of these dates to 1909, while the bulk occurred between 1951 and 1967. The 1909 game, featuring the

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were confronting an attendance swoon, fan malaise, and struggling community ownership. Both Southern Ontario teams faced competition at the gate and for general attention from the NFL's

109:(including exhibition games) have been held in the United States. In earlier decades when the CFL season started much later than it does today (i.e. around the same time as that of the 2704:

also picking up a handful of games in the summer months. Since 2013, CFL games have been broadcast exclusively on the ESPN networks in the United States; American broadcasts have been

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September. Speros said years later that all of this led him to conclude that the Stallions would have effectively been reduced to "minor league" status had they stayed in Baltimore.

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in the United States were generally seen to inhibit the chances of any sort of expansion into the United States. Lackluster CFL television ratings in the United States during the

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playoffs finish before Canada's harsh winters set in, forced most American teams to play the first half of the season in oppressive heat and the second half in competition with

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The CFL has also attempted to find a television audience in the United States, with one notable venture coinciding with the NFL players' strike in 1982, and more recently on

7478: 6030: 4774: 4379: 3674: 941:, already having been rescued from failure five years prior, folded during the 1987 preseason. It would take two decades for economic equilibrium to again be reestablished. 5012: 1156:; however, in a debacle that had now become a pattern, the presumptive ownership group failed to appear at the press conference announcing their formation in January 1994. 8564: 7986: 5095: 1785:

length, that the Grey Cup be played earlier in the year, that player quotas be removed for all teams, and that a league name change be considered. By 1995, Mad Dogs coach

1584:, meanwhile, whatever positive momentum the Pirates had gained at the end of the 1994 season failed to carry over into 1995. Despite the signing of former NFL quarterback 247:, was billed as the first true all-Canadian game played in the United States. Played in a city that at the time was embittered with the National Football League after its 5546: 5181: 8357: 4558: 2029:

at the same stadiums as their respective CFL franchises previously played. Following massive losses, NBC and the WWF shuttered the XFL after one year, though it would

5896: 5628: 7773: 5654: 5367: 2719:, CFL broadcasts on ESPN attracted an average of 163,000 U.S. viewers per game, which accounted for about one-fifth of the total North American television audience. 5120: 3162: 3509: 5709: 5058: 6090: 5836: 4410: 3709: 999:

and their fans were being treated to disappointing squads on the field and constant drama off the field from the team's under-capitalized and mercurial owner,

7009: 6999: 5208: 78:, after which two more teams joined, one re-located and one folded to bring the total to five in 1995. In the latter year, the teams were aligned into a new 5816: 5500: 3770: 8730: 8720: 1825:

With these troubles still fresh, the NFL then dealt the CFL's American expansion a critical blow. On November 6, 1995—the week of the South Division Final—

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and averaged around 17,000 fans per game (down slightly from the roughly 21,000 fans per game the Surge had drawn in 1992), selling 9,000 season tickets.

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in January 1995. The Memphis deal was hailed as a large step forward for the league's presence in the U.S., as it brought in the wealth of team owner

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the games on the NBC stations closest to the Canadian border, and ratings were a major disappointment. NBC quickly backed out of the arrangement.

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The post-expansion financial crisis would eventually elicit a response from the NFL. By the end of 1996, speculation was rampant that if the NFL

1418:. An exhibition game between Birmingham and Baltimore was held there in June 1995 to gauge support, which drew a decent crowd just above 20,000. 5245: 5951: 2990: 1932:

and much of the Stallions' coaching and front office staff moved north to Montreal and much of the club's roster re-signed with the Alouettes.

1211:. Perhaps most remarkably, they were reported to have turned a profit in their first year after an initial US$ 7 million investment by Speros. 3417: 3391: 3304: 3130: 8710: 7406: 5768: 4371: 3362: 3278: 3220: 3072: 3016: 2354: 172:

There had been an ongoing degree of cross-fertilization between Canadian and American leagues for several decades prior to the merger of the

8492: 7914: 6827: 3588: 141: 60: 6142: 5973: 4641: 4205: 2121:, returned the team to stability off the field while steering it to three Grey Cups on the field. Longtime Alouettes starting quarterback 8700: 5589: 948:, every team in the league had faced some kind of crisis in the years leading up to 1993. In addition to Montreal's sudden collapse, the 2117:, with Smith resigning as commissioner to become President of the team. Wetenhall's patient ownership, and a move to the more intimate 1552:. In 1995, Fred Smith's ownership group, which had narrowly missed out on an NFL team, was awarded a CFL franchise to begin play as the 289:, in 1967 drew just over 6,000; there would not be another CFL game in the United States until the cusp of US expansion itself in 1992. 8725: 8293: 4710: 5419: 4585: 1857:

attendance of 30,217 for their South Division Final victory over San Antonio. It was to no avail; the Grey Cup victory celebration in

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became a frequent site for WIFU and later CFL preseason games in the 1950s and 1960s with Western Canadian teams, particularly the

7029: 7019: 6782: 4766: 2057:, the latter of which was brought to Memphis by Mad Dogs owner Fred Smith) both hosted teams in the XFL's contemporary rivals, the 1864:

Speros quickly realized that as successful as the Stallions had been, they could not even begin to compete with an NFL team. While

260:, 24–18. It remains the only CFL game played outside Canada, involving two Canadian teams, that actually counted in the standings. 43:(CFL), which features teams based in Canada, has made efforts to gain further audience in the United States, most directly through 6038: 4852: 4074: 4004: 2787: 1119:, easily the most successful CFL expansion team in the United States. They averaged more than 30,000 fans each of their two years. 264:

for and recruiting players from the rich American talent pool, largely in an effort to achieve parity with the East. The American

6848: 6843: 6400: 6003: 5004: 4956: 4930: 4826: 4252: 4152: 2733: 2125:

was the last remaining active player that played for an American CFL team (Las Vegas) upon his retirement after the 2013 season.

1834: 1087: 5091: 1349:

Surge. However, in what was to become a trend during the CFL expansion, the second Sacramento season saw an attendance decline.

6797: 6777: 6426: 5538: 5279: 5173: 4982: 4904: 4688: 4181: 3830: 2070: 1168: 1079: 728: 600: 492: 257: 177: 4348: 4100: 6152: 4800: 3869: 2569: 7252: 5889: 4550: 2691:

in 2010, which lasted two years. The 2012 season began without a contract and the league resorted to internet broadcasts on

1032:

With the green light from the owners, Smith began the task of expanding the league across the border, beginning with a June

7178: 5612: 2752: 2661: 2327: 2062: 1790:

only concession they made was to allow smaller field sizes in American stadiums that could not fit a regulation CFL field.

173: 8163: 5359: 3152: 1764:

with ESPN2, a major television contract had not materialized; efforts by the league's U.S. teams to negotiate a deal with

8093: 7039: 5117: 3517: 1998: 105:

While expansion was the most notable CFL effort in the United States, the league had also made previous inroads. Eleven

7347: 7342: 6691: 6535: 6309: 6281: 5650: 2101: 8690: 8244: 8007: 7399: 7278: 7138: 6419: 6337: 6208: 5947: 5705: 5622: 2195: 1342: 1083: 1044: 1014: 8559: 7981: 7473: 6086: 4402: 8485: 7907: 7556: 6817: 2118: 1734: 672: 4524: 3891: 3800: 2956: 1094:

of Ryckman, who preferred the revenue of two playoff games for his first-place Stampeders over a first-round bye.

7647: 7171: 6332: 3778: 3713: 6892: 8640: 8618: 8286: 8086: 8051: 8046: 7314: 7059: 6352: 6347: 6314: 3978: 2408: 2219: 1164: 1052: 384: 7768: 6116: 5796:"XFL announces eight host cities for relaunch in 2023; no New York, California teams for first time in league" 7694: 7551: 6974: 6802: 6765: 6696: 5754: 2472: 2058: 2005: 1978: 1569: 1557: 1533: 1517: 740: 161: 1410:, tried to convince the league to let it buy the remains of the Posse and move them to South Florida as the 8459: 8378: 7642: 7499: 7392: 7112: 6863: 6671: 6342: 6299: 3094: 2924: 2822: 2635: 2403: 2283: 1172: 1112: 6654: 3326: 3038: 2857: 8478: 7900: 7865: 7117: 6853: 6701: 6448: 6304: 3486: 3242: 3184: 2892: 2046: 1729:

The Baltimore franchise finally received a permanent name, the "Baltimore Stallions." Led by quarterback

1422: 1352:

At the other end of the spectrum, the Posse were an abject failure both on the field and off. Playing in

31: 6064: 3540: 6760: 5389: 3943: 1357: 971:

were embroiled in a series of ownership crises after the initially successful ownership triumvirate of

487: 330: 211: 2065:, respectively. Baltimore owner Jim Speros would later briefly re-emerge as the original owner of the 8279: 6912: 6729: 6676: 5981: 1183:

as well as football, its playing surface was large enough to accommodate a full-size Canadian field.

451: 5943: 2986: 1511:

with 15-yard end zones (five yards shorter than the standard 20 yards). Led by future Hall of Famer

8352: 7687: 7089: 6480: 4432:

Salguero, Armando (March 8, 1995). "CFL in OB? Wayne may have rival". The Miami Herald. p. 3D.

3413: 3387: 3300: 3126: 2960: 2543: 2054: 1573: 1391: 953: 796: 636: 590: 554: 145: 110: 40: 3670: 3358: 3274: 3216: 3068: 3012: 2100:

in more distant Canadian markets until the late 2010s when the league commenced negotiations with

1356:

on the outskirts of the city and practicing on an ersatz practice field in the parking lot of the

6822: 6812: 2862: 2452: 2022: 1508: 1500: 752: 17: 1047:, an attempt by the NFL to create a spring league in major markets without NFL teams (including 8661: 8222: 7242: 7215: 7194: 7094: 7044: 6734: 6610: 6258: 6158: 5581: 3247: 2373: 2190: 2185: 1521: 1270: 1064: 838: 82:. The three years saw numerous ownership debacles on both sides of the U.S.–Canada border. The 71: 8153: 8109: 7944: 6878: 6719: 6681: 6595: 6485: 6238: 6201: 5821: 5360:"Meetings end, but busy days ahead for CFL Number of teams, import quotas must be worked out" 2656: 2651: 2418: 2322: 1650: 1599:, the San Antonio Texans finally found success on the field in 1995 playing in the brand new 1496: 1462: 1176: 961: 873: 803: 698: 518: 182: 153: 6180: 6772: 6739: 6686: 6634: 6369: 2597: 2564: 2538: 1774: 1742: 1441:

back to its original city (the move came to pass). The Gold Miners eventually moved to the

1411: 1383: 1379: 937:, who had negotiated the league's sponsorship deals with Carling, had retired in 1984. The 248: 4292: 4122: 2033:—conspicuously absent from any markets where the CFL resided (subsequent XFL owners would 30:"CFL USA" redirects here. For the 1960s American league that also abbreviated as CFL, see 8: 8129: 7536: 7463: 7415: 7034: 6873: 6807: 6711: 6663: 6590: 6559: 6503: 6495: 6457: 6233: 4874: 4615: 2423: 2278: 2271: 2134: 2066: 2038: 1839: 1634: 1430: 1238: 1128: 1116: 996: 984: 880: 810: 690: 631: 595: 559: 482: 474: 366: 338: 286: 236: 207: 164:

enter the CFL after the league suspended operations saw little interest in both leagues.

83: 8549: 8501: 8437: 8323: 8024: 7971: 7923: 7668: 7368: 7079: 7069: 6953: 6626: 6620: 6615: 6570: 6508: 6470: 6382: 6263: 6253: 6007: 4848: 4070: 4000: 3189: 3157: 2792: 2709: 2696: 2625: 2496: 2467: 2379: 2369: 2359: 2317: 2093: 1974: 1945: 1880: 1865: 1814: 1698: 1682: 1585: 1541: 1466: 1450: 1446: 1338: 1322: 1318: 1286: 1144: 1132: 1060: 1000: 949: 938: 930: 896: 859: 852: 831: 782: 662: 582: 523: 348: 343: 277: 273: 221: 128: 4952: 4926: 4822: 4248: 4148: 2076:

The CFL re-gained financial stability in the 2000s, mostly thanks to enforcement of a

1801:

at US$ 1 to $ 1.5 million, but stung the league, given the prestige of the franchise.

7064: 6724: 6518: 6148: 5817:"Memphis Showboats return to USFL, will play at Simmons Bank Liberty Stadium in 2023" 5748: 5618: 2630: 2607: 1884: 1796: 1415: 1403: 1180: 968: 817: 743:. Over subsequent years various non-major networks picked up an assortment of games. 708: 654: 420: 379: 374: 265: 244: 240: 64: 56: 5275: 4978: 4900: 4684: 4177: 3826: 3627:

Cox, Damien (August 11, 1995). "Bills expect compensation if NFL comes to Toronto".

1528: 8415: 8342: 8302: 7826: 7794: 7731: 7373: 6868: 6605: 6564: 6513: 6248: 6194: 5511: 5219: 4344: 4096: 2462: 2239: 2122: 2114: 2085: 2081: 2018: 1872: 1826: 1778: 1769: 1666: 1553: 1458: 1353: 1153: 1056: 1048: 1037: 945: 866: 824: 789: 667: 626: 528: 446: 415: 410: 4796: 3865: 232:

and did not feature modern rules such as the forward pass like the American game.

113:), NFL teams were occasionally invited northward for exhibition interleague play. 7758: 7710: 7326: 7107: 6600: 6411: 6324: 6291: 6273: 6243: 5926: 5507: 5215: 5124: 2753:"New football league hope slim // CFL 'lukewarm' to merger with the defunct USFL" 2716: 2234: 2229: 2109: 2050: 2042: 1961: 1806: 1482: 1470: 1438: 1361: 1330: 1254: 1124: 1103: 1033: 1027: 845: 216: 157: 121: 99: 52: 48: 5920:

Toronto Argos win April Fool's Day with announcement of game against NFL's Bills

8624: 8443: 7320: 3331: 3042: 2929: 2827: 2760: 2602: 2551: 2486: 2398: 2350: 2209: 2092:'s consortium. Further expansion efforts were limited to one-off games such as 2026: 1908: 1904: 1896: 1786: 1407: 1387: 1148: 1108: 1082:

and finished last with a record of 6–12. The Gold Miners played at the austere

703: 229: 44: 1994:

that the other Canadian teams were able to maintain a semblance of stability.

1051:), suspended its North American operations after its 1992 season. WLAF owners 8684: 8030: 7626: 7621: 7603: 7520: 6475: 2587: 2345: 2009: 1965: 1949: 1888: 1846: 1738: 1561: 1399: 1208: 1196: 1008: 988: 976: 736: 564: 456: 1159:

The Baltimore CFL Colts made headlines before even playing a down. Owned by

8205: 8189: 7585: 6858: 6186: 5733:"CANOE – SLAM! Sports – Wrestling – Wrestlemania 23: Vince McMahon Q&A" 3629: 3447: 2428: 2297: 2214: 2034: 1987: 1953: 1868: 1858: 1849: 1604: 1544:

had been a prime target for either expansion or relocation, as it was near

1512: 1504: 1188: 972: 934: 253: 5853: 5539:"CFL asks federal government for $ 150 million to help cope with shutdown" 8522: 8410: 8228: 7843: 7163: 7049: 5977: 5837:

League office to take over prospective UFL franchise; Speros out as owner

3099: 2897: 2688: 2684: 2447: 2442: 2258: 2097: 1969: 1960:

The entire league was once again based only in Canada beginning with the

1549: 1365: 8078: 4528: 3895: 3804: 7573: 7223: 7084: 6938: 6922: 6917: 6907: 5800: 4209: 2964: 2729:

List of National Football League games played outside the United States

2341: 2307: 2088:

launched in 2014 and have so far been a success under the ownership of

2077: 2030: 2014: 1842: 1830: 1765: 1596: 1581: 1545: 1337:, and in return was granted a US-based expansion team which became the 1160: 1123:

In 1994 the Gold Miners were joined by three other American teams: the

992: 980: 156:

seemed to bolster this argument. A proposal by Bill Tatham to have his

7384: 3712:. Regina, Saskatchewan: Leader Post. November 23, 2013. Archived from 1809:

went bankrupt after the 1994 season, placing the team in the hands of

8585: 8470: 7952: 7892: 7849: 7546: 7541: 7436: 4274: 3510:"Every Game Was Terrible: The Year The CFL Failed To Conquer America" 2925:"Hamilton vanquished Ottawas in exhibition game at New York saturday" 2705: 2615: 2384: 2253: 2089: 1900: 1810: 1730: 1600: 1589: 1442: 5582:"Arizona Court of Appeals: Alberta Securities Commission v. Ryckman" 5501:"CFL's American experiment ends as Stallions move north to Montreal" 3479:"The CFL on NBC — how it happened, and how it went so wrong in 1982" 2712:, of which current U.S. broadcaster ESPN is a minority shareholder. 1899:. At one point, he was prepared to move to Houston and play in the 8420: 8271: 7579: 7444: 6755: 6465: 6144:

End Zones and Border Wars: The Era of American Expansion in the CFL

6112: 6031:"CFL Finally Has A US TV Contract; Games Air On NBC Sports Network" 3513: 2302: 1929: 1921: 1434: 1204: 1200: 1192: 957: 775: 618: 546: 510: 438: 402: 269: 87: 7679: 1429:, but quickly abandoned those plans after it became apparent that 8656: 8601: 8260: 8135: 8067: 7881: 7810: 7663: 7515: 7363: 7294: 1892: 1426: 1398:

before the Packers decided to move their entire home schedule to

188:

Until the early 1960s, such arrangements allowed for a number of

5318:"John Candy, Comedic Film Star, Is Dead of a Heart Attack at 44" 1940: 74:, joined in 1993. The league added three more American teams in 7739: 3153:"15,000 Fans at Philadelphia See Canadian League Football Game" 1326: 4473:"CFL has reason to believe they will be received in Graceland" 3478: 1345:, the highest for any U.S.-hosted CFL game outside Baltimore. 8530: 6943: 2701: 2692: 1489: 1140: 228:; this in the era when the Canadian game was more similar to 225: 144:

of the Canadian and American games and the popularity of the

5735:. Slam.canoe.ca. Archived from the original on July 18, 2012 5708:. Seattle Times. Bloomberg News Service. November 30, 1997. 4499:"CFL expansion expected in Birmingham; what about the Posse" 3764: 3762: 1928:

Alouettes franchise in Montreal. Stallions general manager

1402:

beginning in 1995; while County Stadium's main tenants, the

888: 6948: 2073:

but withdrew from the purchase before the team began play.

1136: 747: 739:

of 1962 was—at least until play was suspended—broadcast by

127:

As of 2023, CFL games began airing in the United States on

117: 91: 75: 5309: 5092:"Football's CFL-USA teams tried to give NFL run for money" 4767:"SPORTS PEOPLE: FOOTBALL; Ferguson, 45, Signs C.F.L. Deal" 3589:"'I really pissed off Gretzky:' Former Kings owner McNall" 1990:'s sizable contract before the matter entered litigation. 1592:

automobile that Glieberman had donated to a local museum.

67:

played in the United States and other parts of the world.

4444:"CFL to move out of Sacramento – are they Oakland bound?" 3759: 1143:

picked up some games alongside the usual broadcasting by

732: 7150: 956:

had to mount public campaigns to survive. By 1993, the

899:

Cities and provinces/states which have hosted CFL teams:

5769:"XFL's Vegas Vipers get home, schedule for 2023 season" 735:

that lasted a year and featured 13 games. The infamous

276:, presumably because both teams had a number of former 5246:"Not-so-friendly persuasion selling tickets in Canada" 4551:"Stallions' Speros optimistic about CFL-ESPN contract" 3185:"Canadian Football Invasion Pleases Philadelphia Fans" 991:, then in the middle of their run of four consecutive 964:

faced $ 3 million in debt, despite frugal management.

5073: 5071: 3301:"Saskatchewan Roughriders 7 vs Calgary Stampeders 14" 2823:"Tiger-Cats trounce Argos before 18,146 Buffalo fans" 2206:

CFL regulation (end zones clipped for running track)

1564:

to call the end zones "a lawsuit waiting to happen."

6087:"60 CFL games to be delivered live on ESPN networks" 5340: 5338: 4372:"Canadian Football in Milwaukee? It Almost Happened" 3710:"New book by Willes explores the CFL's American era" 3039:"Eskimoes-Lions exhibition draws 10,000 at Portland" 2788:"Home away from home has happened before for Ticats" 1952:

was a driving force behind American expansion. Like

1421:

The Gold Miners grew increasingly dissatisfied with

1036:

exhibition game between the Argos and Stampeders in

5301:Hofmeister, Sallie. "The Hard Fall of a Salesman". 4664: 4467: 4465: 3414:"Baltimore Stallions 37 vs Birmingham Barracudas 0" 2507: 202:

List of neutral site Canadian Football League games

6441: 5068: 3944:"Baltimore's Forgotten Champions: An Oral History" 3127:"Ottawa Rough Riders 18 vs Hamilton Tiger-Cats 24" 2858:"7,511 Fans Watch Calgary Beat Roughrider Gidders" 2084:, played from 2002 to 2005. A second attempt, the 1207:defeated Baltimore on a last-second field goal by 235:The next game, a 1951 match-up between the IRFU's 5687: 5685: 5335: 4642:"N.F.L. Expansion Surprise: Jacksonville Jaguars" 4201: 4199: 4172: 4170: 3946:. Capital News Service (University of Maryland). 2483:Pentagon end zones, from 5 to 12 yards in length 1968:was nearly canceled before the coffee shop chain 1461:were announced in November 1994, followed by the 1394:, which for the previous four decades had hosted 960:had experienced years of ownership chaos and the 8682: 4462: 3382: 3380: 2987:"Toronto Argonauts 11 vs Hamilton Tiger-Cats 17" 2678: 5053: 5051: 5049: 5047: 5045: 5043: 4797:"Canadian Football League 1995 Season Schedule" 3866:"Canadian Football League 1994 Season Schedule" 2104:to place an expansion team in Atlantic Canada. 1078:The Gold Miners were placed in the very strong 86:became the only American-based team to win the 5761: 5682: 5209:"Speros reportedly close to pulling Stallions" 4196: 4167: 3938: 3936: 3934: 3932: 3930: 3928: 3926: 3735: 3733: 3731: 3570: 3568: 3566: 3388:"Toronto Argonauts 1 vs Calgary Stampeders 20" 190:CFL–NFL interleague games to be held in Canada 8486: 8395:Canadian Football League in the United States 8287: 8094: 7908: 7695: 7400: 7179: 6427: 6202: 4425: 3377: 2140: 7521:Only American based team to win the Grey Cup 6377:Mississippi (suspended prior to 1995 season) 6216: 6061:"NBC Sports Network to showcase CFL in 2013" 5814: 5651:"Former Stamps owner Sig Gutsche dies at 64" 5040: 4475:. Sports Business Daily. November 18, 1994. 1835:he was moving his NFL franchise to Baltimore 1768:failed after the network managed to pick up 1163:, the team was marketed as a revival of the 8731:Defunct sports leagues in the United States 8721:1995 disestablishments in the United States 6147:. Madeira Park, BC: Harbour Publishing Co. 5854:"Report: No CFL franchise in Ottawa in '07" 5276:"Canadian Football League Attendance: 1995" 4979:"Canadian Football League Attendance: 1995" 4759: 4580: 4578: 4576: 4501:. Sports Business Daily. January 11, 1995. 4446:. Sports Business Daily. October 25, 1994. 4178:"Canadian Football League Attendance: 1994" 3923: 3728: 3563: 3275:"Saskatchewan Roughriders 3 vs BC Lions 13" 8493: 8479: 8294: 8280: 8101: 8087: 7915: 7901: 7702: 7688: 7407: 7393: 7193: 7186: 7172: 6434: 6420: 6209: 6195: 5974:"Canadian Football League – 2009 Schedule" 5793: 5174:"CFL tied to pro football railroad tracks" 5118:CFL suspends Posse, won't move it to Miss. 4403:"CFL's fumbles raise credibility question" 3673:. The Chicago Tribune. December 15, 1994. 1956:in Toronto, he would face a dramatic fall. 887: 8108: 6028: 5843:(Newport News, VA). Retrieved 2010-11-14. 5829: 5610: 5357: 5168: 5166: 5164: 5162: 5059:Canadian football is running out of plays 4293:"The Sacramento Gold Miners' 1994 Season" 4123:"The Sacramento Gold Miners' 1994 Season" 2887: 2885: 2852: 2850: 2817: 2815: 1753: 1396:Green Bay Packers home games in Milwaukee 160:and possibly other teams of the moribund 8716:1993 establishments in the United States 8706:Sports organizations established in 1993 5706:"NFL Loan Helps Cfl With Another Season" 5442: 5203: 5201: 5199: 5110: 5057:Symonds, William C. (December 3, 1995). 4875:"The Birmingham Barracudas' 1995 Season" 4616:"The Birmingham Barracudas' 1995 Season" 4586:"Cudas Apparently Through in Birmingham" 4573: 4431: 4038: 3591:. The Sporting News. November 21, 2013. 3472: 3470: 3443:"20,250 at OB moves CFL closer to Miami" 3437: 3435: 3327:"Stamps bounce Riders in 88 Degree Heat" 3217:"BC Lions 7 vs Winnipeg Blue Bombers 13" 1939: 1527: 1107: 1075:the only American franchise after 1993. 142:substantially different rules and fields 7414: 6401:CFL USA all time records and statistics 5315: 4370:Prigge, Matthew J. (October 10, 2016). 2734:CFL USA all-time records and statistics 1386:. The Milwaukee bid was to be owned by 59:, a form of gridiron football which is 14: 8696:Canadian football in the United States 8683: 8500: 7922: 6140: 5954:from the original on February 23, 2014 5890:"Ex-NFLer wants CFL to expand to U.S." 5887: 5730: 5611:Cosentino, Frank (December 17, 2014). 5460:from the original on February 20, 2014 5300: 5282:from the original on February 23, 2014 5256:from the original on February 22, 2014 5184:from the original on February 22, 2014 5159: 5098:from the original on February 22, 2014 5015:from the original on February 19, 2014 4985:from the original on February 23, 2014 4959:from the original on February 19, 2014 4933:from the original on February 19, 2014 4907:from the original on February 22, 2014 4881:from the original on February 23, 2014 4855:from the original on February 19, 2014 4829:from the original on February 19, 2014 4803:from the original on February 19, 2014 4691:from the original on February 22, 2014 4622:from the original on February 23, 2014 4592:. Associated Press. November 7, 1995. 4561:from the original on February 19, 2014 4505:from the original on February 23, 2014 4479:from the original on February 23, 2014 4450:from the original on February 23, 2014 4400: 4369: 4184:from the original on February 19, 2014 4103:from the original on February 19, 2014 4071:"The Baltimore CFL Colts' 1994 Season" 4001:"The Baltimore CFL Colts' 1994 Season" 3968: 3768: 3677:from the original on December 28, 2013 3595:from the original on February 21, 2014 3538: 3489:from the original on February 22, 2014 3455:from the original on February 18, 2014 2882: 2847: 2812: 2782: 2780: 2778: 1861:went almost unnoticed in local media. 1746:American professional sports history. 1614:1995 Regular Season Attendance Figures 1372: 1218:1994 Regular Season Attendance Figures 1067:and San Antonio Texans, respectively. 878: 871: 864: 857: 850: 829: 822: 815: 808: 178:Western Interprovincial Football Union 8474: 8275: 8082: 7896: 7683: 7388: 7167: 7154: 6415: 6190: 6119:from the original on February 9, 2018 6093:from the original on February 9, 2018 5657:from the original on February 6, 2019 5631:from the original on October 30, 2021 5536: 5450:"The CFL meets its destiny this week" 5430:from the original on October 30, 2021 5370:from the original on November 9, 2014 5278:. Canadian Football League Database. 5196: 5094:. The Gadsden Times. March 23, 2008. 4981:. Canadian Football League Database. 4955:. Canadian Football League Database. 4953:"The Shreveport Pirates' 1995 Season" 4929:. Canadian Football League Database. 4927:"The San Antonio Texans' 1995 Season" 4903:. Canadian Football League Database. 4877:. Canadian Football League Database. 4851:. Canadian Football League Database. 4849:"The Baltimore Stallions 1995 Season" 4825:. Canadian Football League Database. 4799:. Canadian Football League Database. 4721:from the original on October 30, 2021 4687:. Canadian Football League Database. 4652:from the original on December 9, 2014 4618:. Canadian Football League Database. 4596:from the original on October 30, 2021 4413:from the original on January 13, 2014 4347:. Canadian Football League Database. 4299:from the original on February 2, 2014 4295:. Canadian Football League Database. 4255:from the original on February 2, 2014 4251:. Canadian Football League Database. 4249:"The Shreveport Pirates' 1994 Season" 4180:. Canadian Football League Database. 4155:from the original on February 2, 2014 4151:. Canadian Football League Database. 4149:"The Shreveport Pirates' 1994 Season" 4129:from the original on February 2, 2014 4125:. Canadian Football League Database. 4099:. Canadian Football League Database. 4077:from the original on February 2, 2014 4073:. Canadian Football League Database. 4051:from the original on February 1, 2014 4041:"CFL marvel: A profitable debut year" 4007:from the original on February 2, 2014 4003:. Canadian Football League Database. 3872:from the original on February 2, 2014 3868:. Canadian Football League Database. 3833:from the original on February 2, 2014 3829:. Canadian Football League Database. 3507: 3467: 3432: 3420:from the original on February 2, 2014 3416:. Canadian Football League Database. 3394:from the original on February 2, 2014 3390:. Canadian Football League Database. 3365:from the original on February 2, 2014 3361:. Canadian Football League Database. 3339:from the original on October 30, 2021 3307:from the original on December 2, 2013 3303:. Canadian Football League Database. 3281:from the original on February 2, 2014 3277:. Canadian Football League Database. 3255:from the original on October 30, 2021 3223:from the original on February 2, 2014 3219:. Canadian Football League Database. 3197:from the original on October 30, 2021 3165:from the original on February 4, 2014 3133:from the original on February 2, 2014 3129:. Canadian Football League Database. 3107:from the original on October 30, 2021 3075:from the original on February 2, 2014 3071:. Canadian Football League Database. 3049:from the original on October 30, 2021 3019:from the original on February 2, 2014 3015:. Canadian Football League Database. 2993:from the original on November 9, 2014 2989:. Canadian Football League Database. 2937:from the original on October 30, 2021 2905:from the original on October 30, 2021 2870:from the original on October 30, 2021 2835:from the original on October 30, 2021 2800:from the original on October 24, 2017 2570:Mississippi Veterans Memorial Stadium 2063:revived United States Football League 983:faced mounting financial losses. The 843: 836: 801: 794: 780: 195: 8711:Organizations disestablished in 1995 8301: 7299:First American based team in the CFL 6006:. CFL. June 30, 2010. Archived from 5712:from the original on January 7, 2014 5358:Lambrecht, Gary (December 2, 1995). 5316:Collins, Glenn (November 20, 1994). 5294: 4777:from the original on August 22, 2017 4382:from the original on October 1, 2020 3769:Farber, Michael (December 5, 1994). 3551:from the original on January 4, 2014 2145: 1903:, and also intended to take on then- 787: 773: 249:All-America Football Conference team 174:Interprovincial Rugby Football Union 167: 134: 7709: 5899:from the original on March 11, 2014 5549:from the original on April 29, 2020 4901:"The Memphis Mad Dogs' 1995 Season" 4685:"The Memphis Mad Dogs' 1995 Season" 4351:from the original on April 27, 2015 4039:Steadman, John (November 2, 1994). 3950:from the original on March 30, 2014 3626: 3013:"Edmonton Eskimos 29 vs BC Lions 8" 2775: 2759:, February 18, 1987, archived from 1321:were actually a transplantation of 24: 8701:Canadian Football League divisions 5918:Buchholz, Andrew (April 1, 2015). 5888:Naylor, David (February 5, 2009). 5815:Barnes, Evan (November 15, 2022). 5592:from the original on March 4, 2014 5420:"Barracudas Bound for Shreveport?" 5400:from the original on March 5, 2014 4097:"The Las Vegas Posse' 1994 Season" 3359:"Edmonton Eskimos 2 vs BC Lions 7" 3069:"Edmonton Eskimos 9 vs BC Lions 6" 2102:Schooners Sports and Entertainment 1758: 214:of the IRFU, was sponsored by the 25: 8742: 8726:Defunct Canadian football leagues 6174: 4823:"San Antonio Texans' 1995 Season" 4711:"Memphis Owner Angered by Apathy" 4345:"The Las Vegas Posse 1994 Season" 3969:Farber, Michael (July 25, 1994). 3771:"It was a B.C. Year Pro Football" 3539:Hickey, Pat (November 11, 1987). 3476: 1473:) and his marketing connections. 1437:was seriously considering moving 1045:World League of American Football 7133: 7132: 6105: 6079: 6053: 6022: 5996: 5966: 5936: 5912: 5881: 5868: 5846: 5808: 5787: 5724: 5698: 5669: 5643: 5604: 5574: 5561: 5530: 5517: 5494: 5481: 5472: 5412: 5382: 5351: 5268: 5238: 5225: 2508:Proposed teams that did not play 2119:Percival Molson Memorial Stadium 1503:, entered the league playing at 766: 6113:"FAQ about Broadcasts on CFLDB" 5146: 5133: 5084: 5027: 4997: 4971: 4945: 4919: 4893: 4867: 4841: 4815: 4789: 4746: 4733: 4703: 4677: 4634: 4608: 4543: 4525:"1995 Regular Season Standings" 4517: 4491: 4436: 4394: 4363: 4337: 4324: 4311: 4285: 4267: 4241: 4228: 4215: 4141: 4115: 4089: 4063: 4032: 4019: 3993: 3971:"But Don't Call Them The Colts" 3962: 3910: 3892:"1994 Regular Season Standings" 3884: 3858: 3845: 3819: 3801:"1993 Regular Season Standings" 3793: 3746: 3702: 3689: 3663: 3650: 3637: 3620: 3607: 3581: 3532: 3501: 3406: 3351: 3319: 3293: 3267: 3235: 3209: 3177: 3145: 3119: 3095:"Esks extended in 'Frisco tilt" 3087: 3061: 3031: 1817:through the rest of the 1990s. 1063:applied to join the CFL as the 6442:Canadian Football League (CFL) 5005:"Just call them the Stallions" 4401:Murray, Ken (April 18, 1995). 3005: 2979: 2949: 2917: 2745: 1895:, which was about to lose the 1169:left the city 10 years earlier 13: 1: 8379:Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium 6385:(folded prior to 1993 season) 6134: 5835:Fairbank, Dave (2010-08-20). 5731:Baines, Tim (April 1, 2007). 5537:Ralph, Dan (April 28, 2020). 5116:Murray, Ken (April 5, 1995). 2679:Post-expansion American media 2473:Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium 2059:Alliance of American Football 2017:, which would place teams in 1999:placed a franchise in Toronto 1979:Alberta Securities Commission 1556:. The Mad Dogs played in the 1534:Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium 1115:in Baltimore was home to the 923: 721: 162:United States Football League 70:The first American team, the 7210:Moved to San Antonio in 1995 7113:Ontario Rugby Football Union 5944:"CFL hits American airwaves" 5856:. TSN.ca. September 28, 2008 5794:Kerr, Jeff (July 25, 2022). 5065:. Retrieved August 13, 2013. 3559:– via Chicago Tribune. 3541:"CFL May Be Beyond Rescuing" 2665: 2639: 2611: 2573: 2547: 2476: 2432: 2388: 2331: 2287: 2284:Memorial Stadium (Baltimore) 2243: 2199: 1935: 1507:, which could accommodate a 1499:, owned by insurance tycoon 1021: 758: 682: 646: 610: 574: 538: 502: 466: 430: 394: 358: 322: 7: 7118:Quebec Rugby Football Union 6029:Fang, Ken (July 21, 2012). 6004:"CFL to air on NFL Network" 2722: 2031:return nineteen years later 1944:Among Canadian CFL owners, 1820: 1449:, where they played as the 1088:Sacramento State University 1086:, located on the campus of 1059:and Larry J. Benson of the 32:Continental Football League 10: 8747: 6300:Baltimore F.C. (CFL Colts) 5933:. Retrieved April 2, 2015. 5130:. Retrieved April 5, 1995. 3243:"Blue Bombers shade lions" 2669:Ark-La-Tex Football, Inc. 2141:List of American CFL teams 2041:in 2023). Birmingham (the 2006:World Wrestling Federation 1480: 1325:and his organization from 1101: 1025: 995:appearances. Finally, the 944:With the exception of the 488:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 199: 150:NCAA Division I-A football 47:into the country from the 29: 8649: 8633: 8610: 8594: 8578: 8542: 8510: 8452: 8429: 8403: 8387: 8371: 8335: 8311: 8253: 8237: 8214: 8198: 8182: 8146: 8118: 8060: 8039: 8016: 8000: 7964: 7932: 7874: 7858: 7835: 7819: 7803: 7787: 7751: 7719: 7656: 7635: 7612: 7594: 7565: 7529: 7508: 7492: 7456: 7431:Moved to Montreal in 1996 7424: 7356: 7335: 7306: 7287: 7271: 7235: 7203: 7161: 7155: 7128: 6992: 6962: 6931: 6900: 6891: 6836: 6748: 6710: 6662: 6653: 6627:San Antonio Texans (1993) 6581: 6552: 6545: 6527: 6494: 6456: 6447: 6393: 6383:San Antonio Texans (1993) 6361: 6323: 6290: 6272: 6224: 5753:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2626:San Antonio Texans (1993) 1612: 1216: 452:San Francisco, California 27:Football league of Canada 8691:Canadian Football League 7325:Special Projects/Radio: 7090:Thanksgiving Day Classic 6481:Saskatchewan Roughriders 6218:CFL in the United States 5773:Las Vegas Review-Journal 5123:August 22, 2017, at the 4275:"CFL Standings - CFL.ca" 2961:Canadian Football League 2739: 2530:Scheduled to begin play 2168:Field size for CFL play 1879:Speros began talks with 1469:(the founder and CEO of 1392:Milwaukee County Stadium 1358:Riviera Hotel and Casino 954:Saskatchewan Roughriders 797:Saskatchewan Roughriders 637:Everett Memorial Stadium 591:Saskatchewan Roughriders 555:Saskatchewan Roughriders 146:National Football League 111:National Football League 41:Canadian Football League 5506:April 26, 2016, at the 5390:"Team Folds in Memphis" 2893:"Lions kick way to win" 2863:Spokane Daily Chronicle 1891:, and, most seriously, 1781:football, and the NFL. 1595:Freshly relocated from 1509:Canadian football field 1476: 1171:and had also played at 1167:NFL franchise, who had 1097: 917: Defunct (1993–95) 8662:Sacramento Gold Miners 7196:Sacramento Gold Miners 6611:Sacramento Gold Miners 6310:Sacramento Gold Miners 6282:Sacramento Gold Miners 6259:Sacramento Gold Miners 5925:April 3, 2015, at the 5063:Bloomberg BusinessWeek 4717:. September 15, 1995. 3671:"McNall Pleads Guilty" 3248:Saskatoon Star-Phoenix 3193:. September 15, 1958. 3161:. September 14, 1958. 2796:. September 21, 2011. 2708:of game coverage from 2372:(1995, relocated from 2191:Sacramento, California 2186:Sacramento Gold Miners 2071:United Football League 1957: 1754:End of U.S. experiment 1538: 1271:Sacramento Gold Miners 1120: 1065:Sacramento Gold Miners 839:Sacramento Gold Miners 107:neutral-site CFL games 72:Sacramento Gold Miners 8111:Birmingham Barracudas 6596:Birmingham Barracudas 6486:Winnipeg Blue Bombers 6338:Birmingham Barracudas 6239:Birmingham Barracudas 6183:, on OurSportsCentral 6063:. CFL. Archived from 5822:The Commercial Appeal 5478:Willes (2013). pg 31. 5454:Sports Business Daily 5214:May 14, 2016, at the 5180:. November 10, 1995. 4527:. CFL. Archived from 3894:. CFL. Archived from 3827:"1993 CFL Attendance" 3803:. CFL. Archived from 2933:. December 13, 1909. 2657:Shreveport, Louisiana 2652:Shreveport Barracudas 2561:Mississippi CFL team 2419:Birmingham Barracudas 2323:Shreveport, Louisiana 1943: 1651:Birmingham Barracudas 1531: 1497:Birmingham Barracudas 1463:Birmingham Barracudas 1177:Major League Baseball 1111: 962:Winnipeg Blue Bombers 874:Birmingham Barracudas 804:Winnipeg Blue Bombers 731:) struck a deal with 699:Birmingham Barracudas 519:Winnipeg Blue Bombers 183:Major League Baseball 63:from the more common 8008:Independence Stadium 7108:Canadian Rugby Union 7104:Predecessor leagues 6041:on February 22, 2014 5950:. November 9, 2001. 5456:. January 31, 1996. 5396:. December 1, 1995. 4648:. December 1, 1993. 4206:"Back in town again" 3981:on November 13, 2013 3781:on November 13, 2013 2771:– via HighBeam 2662:Independence Stadium 2565:Jackson, Mississippi 2539:Milwaukee, Wisconsin 2480:Grass/AstroTurf mix 2328:Independence Stadium 2247:Grass/AstroTurf mix 1775:high school football 1743:Regina, Saskatchewan 1384:Jackson, Mississippi 1380:Milwaukee, Wisconsin 1343:Independence Stadium 1197:In a thrilling match 1043:Coincidentally, the 7417:Baltimore Stallions 6591:Baltimore Stallions 6560:Ottawa Rough Riders 6504:Hamilton Tiger-Cats 6333:Baltimore Stallions 6234:Baltimore Stallions 6161:on January 16, 2014 6141:Willes, Ed (2013). 6067:on December 3, 2013 5514:, February 3, 1996. 5426:. January 7, 1996. 5348:. pp. 146–147. 5222:, January 26, 1996. 5037:. pp. 161–162. 3716:on February 2, 2014 3483:bouncingbackbook.ca 3103:. August 12, 1957. 2967:on February 1, 2014 2831:. August 13, 1951. 2535:Milwaukee CFL team 2424:Birmingham, Alabama 2279:Baltimore, Maryland 2274:Baltimore Stallions 2263:Public corporation 2067:Virginia Destroyers 2035:return to Las Vegas 1635:Baltimore Stallions 1431:Los Angeles Raiders 1373:1994–1995 offseason 1139:and its subsidiary 1129:Baltimore CFL Colts 1117:Baltimore Stallions 997:Ottawa Rough Riders 985:Hamilton Tiger-Cats 952:and publicly owned 881:Baltimore Stallions 811:Hamilton Tiger-Cats 729:CFL's East Division 632:Everett, Washington 596:Spokane, Washington 560:Seattle, Washington 483:Hamilton Tiger-Cats 475:Ottawa Rough Riders 367:Hamilton Tiger-Cats 339:Ottawa Rough Riders 287:Everett, Washington 237:Hamilton Tiger-Cats 208:Ottawa Rough Riders 84:Baltimore Stallions 8503:San Antonio Texans 8325:Memphis, Tennessee 8025:Bernard Glieberman 7925:Shreveport Pirates 7669:Montreal Alouettes 7369:San Antonio Texans 7100:Neutral site games 7080:Labour Day Classic 7070:Touchdown Atlantic 7000:Individual records 6970:Current announcers 6954:CBS Sports Network 6844:Dominion champions 6778:Outstanding Player 6761:Grey Cup champions 6621:Shreveport Pirates 6616:San Antonio Texans 6571:Atlantic Schooners 6536:Atlantic Schooners 6509:Montreal Alouettes 6471:Calgary Stampeders 6353:Shreveport Pirates 6348:San Antonio Texans 6315:Shreveport Pirates 6264:Shreveport Pirates 6254:San Antonio Texans 6181:The CFL in America 5394:The New York Times 5322:The New York Times 4773:. August 3, 1995. 4771:The New York Times 4646:The New York Times 3975:Sports Illustrated 3775:Sports Illustrated 3520:on January 4, 2015 3335:. August 2, 1961. 3190:The Register-Guard 3158:The New York Times 3045:. August 3, 1957. 2866:. August 2, 1961. 2793:Hamilton Spectator 2697:NBC Sports Network 2577:William L. Collins 2497:Frederick W. Smith 2468:Memphis, Tennessee 2439:15 yard end zones 2380:San Antonio, Texas 2370:San Antonio Texans 2360:Bernard Glieberman 2338:15 yard end zones 2318:Shreveport Pirates 2250:15 yard end zones 2094:Touchdown Atlantic 1975:stock manipulation 1958: 1946:Calgary Stampeders 1699:Shreveport Pirates 1683:San Antonio Texans 1586:Billy Joe Tolliver 1539: 1451:San Antonio Texans 1447:San Antonio, Texas 1339:Shreveport Pirates 1319:Shreveport Pirates 1287:Shreveport Pirates 1133:Shreveport Pirates 1121: 1061:San Antonio Riders 950:Calgary Stampeders 939:Montreal Alouettes 860:Shreveport Pirates 853:San Antonio Texans 832:Montreal Alouettes 783:Calgary Stampeders 663:Calgary Stampeders 583:Calgary Stampeders 524:Cedar Rapids, Iowa 471:September 14, 1958 349:Van Cortlandt Park 344:New York, New York 278:University of Iowa 274:Cedar Rapids, Iowa 222:Van Cortlandt Park 196:Neutral site games 129:CBS Sports Network 61:somewhat different 8676: 8675: 8670: 8669: 8468: 8467: 8404:Important figures 8269: 8268: 8199:Important figures 8076: 8075: 7890: 7889: 7820:Important figures 7677: 7676: 7615:Championships (2) 7597:Championships (1) 7578:General Manager: 7530:Important figures 7382: 7381: 7148: 7147: 6988: 6987: 6887: 6886: 6793:Offensive Lineman 6649: 6648: 6645: 6644: 6519:Toronto Argonauts 6409: 6408: 6154:978-1-55017-614-8 6089:. June 26, 2013. 5878:pp. 178–188. 5775:. January 5, 2023 5695:pp. 151–153. 5252:. July 23, 1995. 5250:The Baltimore Sun 5178:The Baltimore Sun 5156:pp. 153–157. 5143:pp. 123–124. 5128:The Baltimore Sun 5009:The Baltimore Sun 4743:. pp. 68–69. 4557:. July 13, 1995. 4555:The Baltimore Sun 4407:The Baltimore Sun 4334:. pp. 43–56. 4029:. pp. 83–86. 3920:. pp. 57–58. 3451:. June 25, 1995. 3251:. July 30, 1960. 2901:. July 10, 1967. 2757:Chicago Sun-Times 2676: 2675: 2631:San Marcos, Texas 2608:Miami Orange Bowl 2505: 2504: 2146:Teams that played 1797:The Baltimore Sun 1733:and running back 1727: 1726: 1714:Canadian figures 1532:Overhead view of 1525:attendance woes. 1439:his NFL franchise 1416:Miami Orange Bowl 1414:, to play in the 1404:Milwaukee Brewers 1323:Bernie Glieberman 1315: 1314: 1302:Canadian average 1181:Baltimore Orioles 1071:employment laws. 1001:Bernie Glieberman 969:Toronto Argonauts 818:Toronto Argonauts 719: 718: 655:Toronto Argonauts 493:Municipal Stadium 421:Multnomah Stadium 380:Buffalo, New York 375:Toronto Argonauts 327:December 11, 1909 266:Pacific Northwest 258:Municipal Stadium 241:Toronto Argonauts 168:Interleague games 135:Pre-expansion era 90:championship, in 65:American football 57:Canadian football 16:(Redirected from 8738: 8533: 8525: 8504: 8495: 8488: 8481: 8472: 8471: 8416:Donald Igwebuike 8326: 8305: 8304:Memphis Mad Dogs 8296: 8289: 8282: 8273: 8272: 8138: 8132: 8112: 8103: 8096: 8089: 8080: 8079: 7955: 7947: 7926: 7917: 7910: 7903: 7894: 7893: 7827:Anthony Calvillo 7795:Sam Boyd Stadium 7742: 7734: 7713: 7704: 7697: 7690: 7681: 7680: 7500:Memorial Stadium 7447: 7439: 7418: 7409: 7402: 7395: 7386: 7385: 7374:Sacramento Surge 7226: 7218: 7197: 7188: 7181: 7174: 7165: 7164: 7152: 7151: 7136: 7135: 7075:Canada Day Games 7010:Coaching leaders 6898: 6897: 6788:Defensive Player 6660: 6659: 6606:Memphis Mad Dogs 6565:Ottawa Renegades 6550: 6549: 6514:Ottawa Redblacks 6454: 6453: 6436: 6429: 6422: 6413: 6412: 6343:Memphis Mad Dogs 6249:Memphis Mad Dogs 6211: 6204: 6197: 6188: 6187: 6170: 6168: 6166: 6157:. Archived from 6129: 6128: 6126: 6124: 6109: 6103: 6102: 6100: 6098: 6083: 6077: 6076: 6074: 6072: 6057: 6051: 6050: 6048: 6046: 6037:. Archived from 6026: 6020: 6019: 6017: 6015: 6010:on March 4, 2014 6000: 5994: 5993: 5991: 5989: 5984:on March 4, 2014 5980:. Archived from 5970: 5964: 5963: 5961: 5959: 5940: 5934: 5916: 5910: 5908: 5906: 5904: 5885: 5879: 5872: 5866: 5865: 5863: 5861: 5850: 5844: 5833: 5827: 5826: 5812: 5806: 5805: 5791: 5785: 5784: 5782: 5780: 5765: 5759: 5758: 5752: 5744: 5742: 5740: 5728: 5722: 5721: 5719: 5717: 5702: 5696: 5689: 5680: 5673: 5667: 5666: 5664: 5662: 5647: 5641: 5640: 5638: 5636: 5608: 5602: 5601: 5599: 5597: 5578: 5572: 5571:pp. 165–166 5565: 5559: 5558: 5556: 5554: 5534: 5528: 5521: 5515: 5512:Associated Press 5498: 5492: 5485: 5479: 5476: 5470: 5469: 5467: 5465: 5446: 5440: 5439: 5437: 5435: 5416: 5410: 5409: 5407: 5405: 5386: 5380: 5379: 5377: 5375: 5355: 5349: 5342: 5333: 5332: 5330: 5328: 5313: 5307: 5306: 5298: 5292: 5291: 5289: 5287: 5272: 5266: 5265: 5263: 5261: 5242: 5236: 5229: 5223: 5220:Associated Press 5205: 5194: 5193: 5191: 5189: 5170: 5157: 5150: 5144: 5137: 5131: 5114: 5108: 5107: 5105: 5103: 5088: 5082: 5075: 5066: 5055: 5038: 5031: 5025: 5024: 5022: 5020: 5011:. July 8, 1995. 5001: 4995: 4994: 4992: 4990: 4975: 4969: 4968: 4966: 4964: 4949: 4943: 4942: 4940: 4938: 4923: 4917: 4916: 4914: 4912: 4897: 4891: 4890: 4888: 4886: 4871: 4865: 4864: 4862: 4860: 4845: 4839: 4838: 4836: 4834: 4819: 4813: 4812: 4810: 4808: 4793: 4787: 4786: 4784: 4782: 4763: 4757: 4750: 4744: 4737: 4731: 4730: 4728: 4726: 4707: 4701: 4700: 4698: 4696: 4681: 4675: 4668: 4662: 4661: 4659: 4657: 4638: 4632: 4631: 4629: 4627: 4612: 4606: 4605: 4603: 4601: 4582: 4571: 4570: 4568: 4566: 4547: 4541: 4540: 4538: 4536: 4531:on July 15, 2009 4521: 4515: 4514: 4512: 4510: 4495: 4489: 4488: 4486: 4484: 4469: 4460: 4459: 4457: 4455: 4440: 4434: 4433: 4429: 4423: 4422: 4420: 4418: 4398: 4392: 4391: 4389: 4387: 4376:Shepherd Express 4367: 4361: 4360: 4358: 4356: 4341: 4335: 4328: 4322: 4321:. pp. 36–42 4315: 4309: 4308: 4306: 4304: 4289: 4283: 4282: 4271: 4265: 4264: 4262: 4260: 4245: 4239: 4238:. pp. 64–70 4232: 4226: 4225:. pp. 61–63 4219: 4213: 4203: 4194: 4193: 4191: 4189: 4174: 4165: 4164: 4162: 4160: 4145: 4139: 4138: 4136: 4134: 4119: 4113: 4112: 4110: 4108: 4093: 4087: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4067: 4061: 4060: 4058: 4056: 4036: 4030: 4023: 4017: 4016: 4014: 4012: 3997: 3991: 3990: 3988: 3986: 3977:. Archived from 3966: 3960: 3959: 3957: 3955: 3940: 3921: 3914: 3908: 3907: 3905: 3903: 3898:on July 15, 2009 3888: 3882: 3881: 3879: 3877: 3862: 3856: 3849: 3843: 3842: 3840: 3838: 3823: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3812: 3807:on July 29, 2009 3797: 3791: 3790: 3788: 3786: 3777:. Archived from 3766: 3757: 3750: 3744: 3737: 3726: 3725: 3723: 3721: 3706: 3700: 3693: 3687: 3686: 3684: 3682: 3667: 3661: 3654: 3648: 3641: 3635: 3634: 3624: 3618: 3611: 3605: 3604: 3602: 3600: 3585: 3579: 3572: 3561: 3560: 3558: 3556: 3545:Montreal Gazette 3536: 3530: 3529: 3527: 3525: 3516:. Archived from 3508:Cosentino, Dom. 3505: 3499: 3498: 3496: 3494: 3474: 3465: 3464: 3462: 3460: 3439: 3430: 3429: 3427: 3425: 3410: 3404: 3403: 3401: 3399: 3384: 3375: 3374: 3372: 3370: 3355: 3349: 3348: 3346: 3344: 3323: 3317: 3316: 3314: 3312: 3297: 3291: 3290: 3288: 3286: 3271: 3265: 3264: 3262: 3260: 3239: 3233: 3232: 3230: 3228: 3213: 3207: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3181: 3175: 3174: 3172: 3170: 3149: 3143: 3142: 3140: 3138: 3123: 3117: 3116: 3114: 3112: 3091: 3085: 3084: 3082: 3080: 3065: 3059: 3058: 3056: 3054: 3035: 3029: 3028: 3026: 3024: 3009: 3003: 3002: 3000: 2998: 2983: 2977: 2976: 2974: 2972: 2963:. Archived from 2953: 2947: 2946: 2944: 2942: 2921: 2915: 2914: 2912: 2910: 2889: 2880: 2879: 2877: 2875: 2854: 2845: 2844: 2842: 2840: 2819: 2810: 2809: 2807: 2805: 2784: 2773: 2772: 2770: 2768: 2763:on March 9, 2016 2749: 2643:Larry J. Benson 2512: 2511: 2463:Memphis Mad Dogs 2240:Sam Boyd Stadium 2174:General Manager 2165:Playing surface 2150: 2149: 2135:April Fool's Day 2123:Anthony Calvillo 2115:Robert Wetenhall 2098:Northern Kickoff 2086:Ottawa RedBlacks 2082:Ottawa Renegades 1873:Baltimore Ravens 1827:Cleveland Browns 1770:college football 1667:Memphis Mad Dogs 1610: 1609: 1554:Memphis Mad Dogs 1459:Memphis Mad Dogs 1354:Sam Boyd Stadium 1336: 1335:CA$ 1.85 million 1214: 1213: 1173:Memorial Stadium 1135:. On television 1113:Memorial Stadium 1057:Sacramento Surge 1038:Portland, Oregon 946:Edmonton Eskimos 918: 916: 912: 910: 906: 904: 891: 883: 876: 869: 867:Memphis Mad Dogs 862: 855: 848: 841: 834: 827: 825:Ottawa RedBlacks 820: 813: 806: 799: 792: 790:Edmonton Eskimos 785: 778: 770: 668:Portland, Oregon 627:Edmonton Eskimos 601:Memorial Stadium 529:Kingston Stadium 447:Edmonton Eskimos 416:Portland, Oregon 411:Edmonton Eskimos 292: 291: 55:. The CFL plays 21: 8746: 8745: 8741: 8740: 8739: 8737: 8736: 8735: 8681: 8680: 8677: 8672: 8671: 8666: 8645: 8634:CFL seasons (1) 8629: 8606: 8590: 8574: 8538: 8531: 8523: 8514:Founded in 1995 8506: 8502: 8499: 8469: 8464: 8453:CFL seasons (1) 8448: 8425: 8399: 8383: 8367: 8331: 8324: 8315:Founded in 1995 8307: 8303: 8300: 8270: 8265: 8249: 8238:CFL seasons (1) 8233: 8210: 8194: 8178: 8142: 8136: 8130: 8122:Founded in 1995 8114: 8110: 8107: 8077: 8072: 8056: 8040:CFL seasons (2) 8035: 8012: 7996: 7960: 7953: 7945: 7936:Founded in 1994 7928: 7924: 7921: 7891: 7886: 7870: 7859:CFL seasons (1) 7854: 7831: 7815: 7799: 7783: 7747: 7740: 7732: 7723:Founded in 1994 7715: 7712:Las Vegas Posse 7711: 7708: 7678: 7673: 7652: 7631: 7614: 7608: 7596: 7590: 7561: 7525: 7504: 7488: 7452: 7445: 7437: 7428:Founded in 1994 7420: 7416: 7413: 7383: 7378: 7352: 7336:CFL seasons (2) 7331: 7327:Jack Youngblood 7302: 7283: 7267: 7231: 7224: 7216: 7207:Founded in 1993 7199: 7195: 7192: 7157: 7149: 7144: 7124: 7015:Retired numbers 6984: 6958: 6927: 6883: 6832: 6744: 6706: 6641: 6601:Las Vegas Posse 6577: 6541: 6523: 6490: 6443: 6440: 6410: 6405: 6389: 6357: 6319: 6305:Las Vegas Posse 6286: 6268: 6244:Las Vegas Posse 6220: 6215: 6177: 6164: 6162: 6155: 6137: 6132: 6122: 6120: 6111: 6110: 6106: 6096: 6094: 6085: 6084: 6080: 6070: 6068: 6059: 6058: 6054: 6044: 6042: 6027: 6023: 6013: 6011: 6002: 6001: 5997: 5987: 5985: 5972: 5971: 5967: 5957: 5955: 5942: 5941: 5937: 5927:Wayback Machine 5917: 5913: 5902: 5900: 5886: 5882: 5874:Willes (2013). 5873: 5869: 5859: 5857: 5852: 5851: 5847: 5834: 5830: 5813: 5809: 5792: 5788: 5778: 5776: 5767: 5766: 5762: 5746: 5745: 5738: 5736: 5729: 5725: 5715: 5713: 5704: 5703: 5699: 5691:Willes (2013). 5690: 5683: 5675:Willes (2013). 5674: 5670: 5660: 5658: 5649: 5648: 5644: 5634: 5632: 5625: 5609: 5605: 5595: 5593: 5580: 5579: 5575: 5567:Willes (2013). 5566: 5562: 5552: 5550: 5535: 5531: 5523:Willes (2013). 5522: 5518: 5508:Wayback Machine 5499: 5495: 5487:Willes (2013). 5486: 5482: 5477: 5473: 5463: 5461: 5448: 5447: 5443: 5433: 5431: 5418: 5417: 5413: 5403: 5401: 5388: 5387: 5383: 5373: 5371: 5356: 5352: 5344:Willes (2013). 5343: 5336: 5326: 5324: 5314: 5310: 5299: 5295: 5285: 5283: 5274: 5273: 5269: 5259: 5257: 5244: 5243: 5239: 5231:Willes (2013). 5230: 5226: 5216:Wayback Machine 5206: 5197: 5187: 5185: 5172: 5171: 5160: 5152:Willes (2013). 5151: 5147: 5139:Willes (2013). 5138: 5134: 5125:Wayback Machine 5115: 5111: 5101: 5099: 5090: 5089: 5085: 5077:Willes (2013). 5076: 5069: 5056: 5041: 5033:Willes (2013). 5032: 5028: 5018: 5016: 5003: 5002: 4998: 4988: 4986: 4977: 4976: 4972: 4962: 4960: 4951: 4950: 4946: 4936: 4934: 4925: 4924: 4920: 4910: 4908: 4899: 4898: 4894: 4884: 4882: 4873: 4872: 4868: 4858: 4856: 4847: 4846: 4842: 4832: 4830: 4821: 4820: 4816: 4806: 4804: 4795: 4794: 4790: 4780: 4778: 4765: 4764: 4760: 4752:Willes (2013). 4751: 4747: 4739:Willes (2013). 4738: 4734: 4724: 4722: 4709: 4708: 4704: 4694: 4692: 4683: 4682: 4678: 4670:Willes (2013). 4669: 4665: 4655: 4653: 4640: 4639: 4635: 4625: 4623: 4614: 4613: 4609: 4599: 4597: 4584: 4583: 4574: 4564: 4562: 4549: 4548: 4544: 4534: 4532: 4523: 4522: 4518: 4508: 4506: 4497: 4496: 4492: 4482: 4480: 4471: 4470: 4463: 4453: 4451: 4442: 4441: 4437: 4430: 4426: 4416: 4414: 4399: 4395: 4385: 4383: 4368: 4364: 4354: 4352: 4343: 4342: 4338: 4330:Willes (2013). 4329: 4325: 4317:Willes (2013). 4316: 4312: 4302: 4300: 4291: 4290: 4286: 4273: 4272: 4268: 4258: 4256: 4247: 4246: 4242: 4234:Willes (2013). 4233: 4229: 4221:Willes (2013). 4220: 4216: 4212:, June 9, 2005. 4204: 4197: 4187: 4185: 4176: 4175: 4168: 4158: 4156: 4147: 4146: 4142: 4132: 4130: 4121: 4120: 4116: 4106: 4104: 4095: 4094: 4090: 4080: 4078: 4069: 4068: 4064: 4054: 4052: 4037: 4033: 4025:Willes (2013). 4024: 4020: 4010: 4008: 3999: 3998: 3994: 3984: 3982: 3967: 3963: 3953: 3951: 3942: 3941: 3924: 3916:Willes (2013). 3915: 3911: 3901: 3899: 3890: 3889: 3885: 3875: 3873: 3864: 3863: 3859: 3851:Willes (2013). 3850: 3846: 3836: 3834: 3825: 3824: 3820: 3810: 3808: 3799: 3798: 3794: 3784: 3782: 3767: 3760: 3752:Willes (2013). 3751: 3747: 3743:pp. 26–29. 3739:Willes (2013). 3738: 3729: 3719: 3717: 3708: 3707: 3703: 3699:pp. 77–78. 3695:Willes (2013). 3694: 3690: 3680: 3678: 3669: 3668: 3664: 3656:Willes (2013). 3655: 3651: 3643:Willes (2013). 3642: 3638: 3625: 3621: 3617:pp. 70–79. 3613:Willes (2013). 3612: 3608: 3598: 3596: 3587: 3586: 3582: 3578:pg. 16–18. 3574:Willes (2013). 3573: 3564: 3554: 3552: 3537: 3533: 3523: 3521: 3506: 3502: 3492: 3490: 3475: 3468: 3458: 3456: 3441: 3440: 3433: 3423: 3421: 3412: 3411: 3407: 3397: 3395: 3386: 3385: 3378: 3368: 3366: 3357: 3356: 3352: 3342: 3340: 3325: 3324: 3320: 3310: 3308: 3299: 3298: 3294: 3284: 3282: 3273: 3272: 3268: 3258: 3256: 3241: 3240: 3236: 3226: 3224: 3215: 3214: 3210: 3200: 3198: 3183: 3182: 3178: 3168: 3166: 3151: 3150: 3146: 3136: 3134: 3125: 3124: 3120: 3110: 3108: 3093: 3092: 3088: 3078: 3076: 3067: 3066: 3062: 3052: 3050: 3037: 3036: 3032: 3022: 3020: 3011: 3010: 3006: 2996: 2994: 2985: 2984: 2980: 2970: 2968: 2955: 2954: 2950: 2940: 2938: 2923: 2922: 2918: 2908: 2906: 2891: 2890: 2883: 2873: 2871: 2856: 2855: 2848: 2838: 2836: 2821: 2820: 2813: 2803: 2801: 2786: 2785: 2776: 2766: 2764: 2751: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2725: 2717:2018 CFL season 2681: 2583: 2578: 2510: 2395:CFL regulation 2294:CFL regulation 2273: 2235:Whitney, Nevada 2230:Las Vegas Posse 2148: 2143: 2110:expansion draft 2049:) and Memphis ( 1962:1996 CFL season 1938: 1866:Baltimore Mayor 1823: 1807:Bruce Firestone 1761: 1759:League troubles 1756: 1485: 1483:1995 CFL season 1479: 1471:Federal Express 1375: 1362:Las Vegas Strip 1334: 1331:Bruce Firestone 1255:Las Vegas Posse 1165:Baltimore Colts 1125:Las Vegas Posse 1106: 1104:1994 CFL season 1100: 1030: 1028:1993 CFL season 1024: 931:Carling O'Keefe 926: 921: 920: 919: 914: 913: 908: 907: 902: 901: 900: 898: 893: 892: 885: 884: 879: 877: 872: 870: 865: 863: 858: 856: 851: 849: 846:Las Vegas Posse 844: 842: 837: 835: 830: 828: 823: 821: 816: 814: 809: 807: 802: 800: 795: 793: 788: 786: 781: 779: 774: 771: 761: 724: 435:August 11, 1957 363:August 11, 1951 331:Hamilton Tigers 217:New York Herald 212:Hamilton Tigers 204: 198: 170: 158:Arizona Outlaws 154:1982 NFL strike 137: 53:1995 CFL season 49:1993 CFL season 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8744: 8734: 8733: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8703: 8698: 8693: 8674: 8673: 8668: 8667: 8665: 8664: 8659: 8653: 8651: 8647: 8646: 8644: 8643: 8637: 8635: 8631: 8630: 8628: 8627: 8625:Kay Stephenson 8621: 8614: 8612: 8608: 8607: 8605: 8604: 8598: 8596: 8592: 8591: 8589: 8588: 8582: 8580: 8576: 8575: 8573: 8572: 8567: 8562: 8557: 8552: 8546: 8544: 8540: 8539: 8537: 8536: 8518: 8517:Folded in 1996 8515: 8511: 8508: 8507: 8498: 8497: 8490: 8483: 8475: 8466: 8465: 8463: 8462: 8456: 8454: 8450: 8449: 8447: 8446: 8444:Pepper Rodgers 8440: 8433: 8431: 8427: 8426: 8424: 8423: 8418: 8413: 8407: 8405: 8401: 8400: 8398: 8397: 8391: 8389: 8385: 8384: 8382: 8381: 8375: 8373: 8369: 8368: 8366: 8365: 8360: 8355: 8350: 8345: 8339: 8337: 8333: 8332: 8330: 8329: 8319: 8318:Folded in 1996 8316: 8312: 8309: 8308: 8299: 8298: 8291: 8284: 8276: 8267: 8266: 8264: 8263: 8257: 8255: 8251: 8250: 8248: 8247: 8241: 8239: 8235: 8234: 8232: 8231: 8225: 8218: 8216: 8212: 8211: 8209: 8208: 8202: 8200: 8196: 8195: 8193: 8192: 8186: 8184: 8180: 8179: 8177: 8176: 8171: 8166: 8161: 8156: 8150: 8148: 8144: 8143: 8141: 8140: 8126: 8125:Folded in 1996 8123: 8119: 8116: 8115: 8106: 8105: 8098: 8091: 8083: 8074: 8073: 8071: 8070: 8064: 8062: 8058: 8057: 8055: 8054: 8049: 8043: 8041: 8037: 8036: 8034: 8033: 8027: 8020: 8018: 8014: 8013: 8011: 8010: 8004: 8002: 7998: 7997: 7995: 7994: 7989: 7984: 7979: 7974: 7968: 7966: 7962: 7961: 7959: 7958: 7940: 7939:Folded in 1996 7937: 7933: 7930: 7929: 7920: 7919: 7912: 7905: 7897: 7888: 7887: 7885: 7884: 7878: 7876: 7872: 7871: 7869: 7868: 7862: 7860: 7856: 7855: 7853: 7852: 7846: 7839: 7837: 7833: 7832: 7830: 7829: 7823: 7821: 7817: 7816: 7814: 7813: 7807: 7805: 7801: 7800: 7798: 7797: 7791: 7789: 7785: 7784: 7782: 7781: 7776: 7771: 7766: 7761: 7755: 7753: 7749: 7748: 7746: 7745: 7727: 7726:Folded in 1995 7724: 7720: 7717: 7716: 7707: 7706: 7699: 7692: 7684: 7675: 7674: 7672: 7671: 7666: 7660: 7658: 7654: 7653: 7651: 7650: 7645: 7639: 7637: 7633: 7632: 7630: 7629: 7624: 7618: 7616: 7610: 7609: 7607: 7606: 7600: 7598: 7592: 7591: 7589: 7588: 7582: 7576: 7569: 7567: 7563: 7562: 7560: 7559: 7554: 7549: 7544: 7539: 7533: 7531: 7527: 7526: 7524: 7523: 7518: 7512: 7510: 7506: 7505: 7503: 7502: 7496: 7494: 7490: 7489: 7487: 7486: 7481: 7476: 7471: 7466: 7460: 7458: 7454: 7453: 7451: 7450: 7432: 7429: 7425: 7422: 7421: 7412: 7411: 7404: 7397: 7389: 7380: 7379: 7377: 7376: 7371: 7366: 7360: 7358: 7354: 7353: 7351: 7350: 7345: 7339: 7337: 7333: 7332: 7330: 7329: 7323: 7321:Kay Stephenson 7317: 7310: 7308: 7304: 7303: 7301: 7300: 7297: 7291: 7289: 7285: 7284: 7282: 7281: 7279:Hornet Stadium 7275: 7273: 7269: 7268: 7266: 7265: 7260: 7255: 7250: 7245: 7239: 7237: 7233: 7232: 7230: 7229: 7211: 7208: 7204: 7201: 7200: 7191: 7190: 7183: 7176: 7168: 7162: 7159: 7158: 7146: 7145: 7143: 7142: 7129: 7126: 7125: 7123: 7122: 7121: 7120: 7115: 7110: 7102: 7097: 7095:Top 50 Players 7092: 7087: 7082: 7077: 7072: 7067: 7062: 7057: 7052: 7047: 7042: 7037: 7032: 7027: 7022: 7017: 7012: 7007: 7002: 6996: 6994: 6990: 6989: 6986: 6985: 6983: 6982: 6977: 6972: 6966: 6964: 6960: 6959: 6957: 6956: 6951: 6946: 6941: 6935: 6933: 6929: 6928: 6926: 6925: 6920: 6915: 6910: 6904: 6902: 6895: 6889: 6888: 6885: 6884: 6882: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6851: 6846: 6840: 6838: 6834: 6833: 6831: 6830: 6825: 6820: 6815: 6810: 6805: 6800: 6795: 6790: 6785: 6780: 6775: 6770: 6769: 6768: 6763: 6752: 6750: 6746: 6745: 6743: 6742: 6737: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6716: 6714: 6708: 6707: 6705: 6704: 6699: 6694: 6692:DeMarco-Becket 6689: 6684: 6679: 6674: 6668: 6666: 6657: 6651: 6650: 6647: 6646: 6643: 6642: 6640: 6639: 6637:(never played) 6635:Miami Manatees 6631: 6629:(never played) 6623: 6618: 6613: 6608: 6603: 6598: 6593: 6588: 6582: 6579: 6578: 6576: 6575: 6573:(never played) 6567: 6562: 6557: 6553: 6547: 6543: 6542: 6540: 6539: 6531: 6529: 6525: 6524: 6522: 6521: 6516: 6511: 6506: 6500: 6498: 6492: 6491: 6489: 6488: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6462: 6460: 6451: 6445: 6444: 6439: 6438: 6431: 6424: 6416: 6407: 6406: 6404: 6403: 6397: 6395: 6391: 6390: 6388: 6387: 6379: 6374: 6372:(never played) 6370:Miami Manatees 6365: 6363: 6359: 6358: 6356: 6355: 6350: 6345: 6340: 6335: 6329: 6327: 6321: 6320: 6318: 6317: 6312: 6307: 6302: 6296: 6294: 6288: 6287: 6285: 6284: 6278: 6276: 6270: 6269: 6267: 6266: 6261: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6230: 6228: 6222: 6221: 6214: 6213: 6206: 6199: 6191: 6185: 6184: 6176: 6175:External links 6173: 6172: 6171: 6153: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6130: 6104: 6078: 6052: 6021: 5995: 5965: 5935: 5911: 5893:Globe and Mail 5880: 5867: 5845: 5828: 5807: 5786: 5760: 5723: 5697: 5681: 5668: 5642: 5623: 5603: 5573: 5560: 5543:Canadian Press 5529: 5516: 5493: 5480: 5471: 5441: 5411: 5381: 5350: 5334: 5308: 5293: 5267: 5237: 5224: 5195: 5158: 5145: 5132: 5109: 5083: 5067: 5039: 5026: 4996: 4970: 4944: 4918: 4892: 4866: 4840: 4814: 4788: 4758: 4745: 4732: 4702: 4676: 4663: 4633: 4607: 4572: 4542: 4516: 4490: 4461: 4435: 4424: 4393: 4362: 4336: 4323: 4310: 4284: 4266: 4240: 4227: 4214: 4195: 4166: 4140: 4114: 4088: 4062: 4031: 4018: 3992: 3961: 3922: 3909: 3883: 3857: 3844: 3818: 3792: 3758: 3745: 3727: 3701: 3688: 3662: 3660:pp. 19–22 3649: 3647:pp. 60–63 3636: 3619: 3606: 3580: 3562: 3531: 3500: 3466: 3431: 3405: 3376: 3350: 3332:Calgary Herald 3318: 3292: 3266: 3234: 3208: 3176: 3144: 3118: 3086: 3060: 3043:Ottawa Citizen 3030: 3004: 2978: 2948: 2930:Ottawa Citizen 2916: 2881: 2846: 2828:Ottawa Citizen 2811: 2774: 2743: 2741: 2738: 2737: 2736: 2731: 2724: 2721: 2680: 2677: 2674: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2664: 2659: 2654: 2648: 2647: 2644: 2641: 2638: 2636:Bobcat Stadium 2633: 2628: 2622: 2621: 2618: 2613: 2610: 2605: 2603:Miami, Florida 2600: 2598:Miami Manatees 2594: 2593: 2590: 2582:Norton Herrick 2575: 2572: 2567: 2562: 2558: 2557: 2554: 2552:Marvin Fishman 2549: 2546: 2544:County Stadium 2541: 2536: 2532: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2522: 2519: 2516: 2509: 2506: 2503: 2502: 2499: 2494: 2489: 2487:Pepper Rodgers 2484: 2481: 2478: 2475: 2470: 2465: 2459: 2458: 2455: 2450: 2445: 2440: 2437: 2434: 2431: 2426: 2421: 2415: 2414: 2411: 2406: 2401: 2399:Kay Stephenson 2396: 2393: 2390: 2387: 2382: 2377: 2366: 2365: 2362: 2357: 2351:J. I. Albrecht 2348: 2339: 2336: 2333: 2330: 2325: 2320: 2314: 2313: 2310: 2305: 2300: 2295: 2292: 2289: 2286: 2281: 2276: 2268: 2267: 2264: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2248: 2245: 2242: 2237: 2232: 2226: 2225: 2222: 2217: 2212: 2210:Kay Stephenson 2207: 2204: 2201: 2198: 2196:Hornet Stadium 2193: 2188: 2182: 2181: 2178: 2175: 2172: 2169: 2166: 2163: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2147: 2144: 2142: 2139: 2039:to San Antonio 1937: 1934: 1909:Drayton McLane 1905:Houston Astros 1822: 1819: 1787:Pepper Rodgers 1760: 1757: 1755: 1752: 1725: 1724: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1711: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1701: 1695: 1694: 1691: 1688: 1685: 1679: 1678: 1675: 1672: 1669: 1663: 1662: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1647: 1646: 1643: 1640: 1637: 1631: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1621: 1617: 1616: 1478: 1475: 1423:Hornet Stadium 1412:Miami Manatees 1408:Miami, Florida 1388:Marvin Fishman 1374: 1371: 1313: 1312: 1309: 1306: 1303: 1299: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1283: 1282: 1279: 1276: 1273: 1267: 1266: 1263: 1260: 1257: 1251: 1250: 1247: 1244: 1241: 1235: 1234: 1231: 1228: 1225: 1221: 1220: 1099: 1096: 1084:Hornet Stadium 1023: 1020: 925: 922: 895: 894: 886: 772: 765: 764: 763: 762: 760: 757: 746:The fledgling 723: 720: 717: 716: 714: 711: 706: 704:Miami, Florida 701: 696: 693: 688: 685: 681: 680: 678: 675: 670: 665: 660: 657: 652: 649: 645: 644: 642: 639: 634: 629: 624: 621: 616: 613: 609: 608: 606: 603: 598: 593: 588: 585: 580: 579:August 1, 1961 577: 573: 572: 570: 567: 562: 557: 552: 549: 544: 541: 537: 536: 534: 531: 526: 521: 516: 513: 508: 505: 501: 500: 498: 495: 490: 485: 480: 477: 472: 469: 468:Regular season 465: 464: 462: 459: 454: 449: 444: 441: 436: 433: 429: 428: 426: 423: 418: 413: 408: 405: 400: 399:August 2, 1957 397: 393: 392: 390: 387: 382: 377: 372: 369: 364: 361: 357: 356: 354: 351: 346: 341: 336: 333: 328: 325: 321: 320: 317: 314: 311: 308: 305: 302: 299: 296: 230:rugby football 220:and played at 200:Main article: 197: 194: 169: 166: 136: 133: 80:South Division 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8743: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8688: 8686: 8679: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8654: 8652: 8648: 8642: 8639: 8638: 8636: 8632: 8626: 8622: 8620: 8619:Fred Anderson 8616: 8615: 8613: 8611:Key personnel 8609: 8603: 8600: 8599: 8597: 8593: 8587: 8584: 8583: 8581: 8577: 8571: 8568: 8566: 8563: 8561: 8558: 8556: 8553: 8551: 8548: 8547: 8545: 8541: 8535: 8534: 8527: 8526: 8519: 8516: 8513: 8512: 8509: 8505: 8496: 8491: 8489: 8484: 8482: 8477: 8476: 8473: 8461: 8458: 8457: 8455: 8451: 8445: 8441: 8439: 8435: 8434: 8432: 8430:Key personnel 8428: 8422: 8419: 8417: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8408: 8406: 8402: 8396: 8393: 8392: 8390: 8386: 8380: 8377: 8376: 8374: 8370: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8354: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8340: 8338: 8334: 8328: 8327: 8320: 8317: 8314: 8313: 8310: 8306: 8297: 8292: 8290: 8285: 8283: 8278: 8277: 8274: 8262: 8259: 8258: 8256: 8252: 8246: 8243: 8242: 8240: 8236: 8230: 8226: 8224: 8220: 8219: 8217: 8215:Key personnel 8213: 8207: 8204: 8203: 8201: 8197: 8191: 8188: 8187: 8185: 8181: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8151: 8149: 8145: 8139: 8133: 8127: 8124: 8121: 8120: 8117: 8113: 8104: 8099: 8097: 8092: 8090: 8085: 8084: 8081: 8069: 8066: 8065: 8063: 8059: 8053: 8050: 8048: 8045: 8044: 8042: 8038: 8032: 8031:Forrest Gregg 8028: 8026: 8022: 8021: 8019: 8017:Key personnel 8015: 8009: 8006: 8005: 8003: 7999: 7993: 7990: 7988: 7985: 7983: 7980: 7978: 7975: 7973: 7970: 7969: 7967: 7963: 7957: 7956: 7949: 7948: 7941: 7938: 7935: 7934: 7931: 7927: 7918: 7913: 7911: 7906: 7904: 7899: 7898: 7895: 7883: 7880: 7879: 7877: 7873: 7867: 7864: 7863: 7861: 7857: 7851: 7847: 7845: 7841: 7840: 7838: 7836:Key personnel 7834: 7828: 7825: 7824: 7822: 7818: 7812: 7809: 7808: 7806: 7802: 7796: 7793: 7792: 7790: 7786: 7780: 7777: 7775: 7772: 7770: 7767: 7765: 7762: 7760: 7757: 7756: 7754: 7750: 7744: 7743: 7736: 7735: 7728: 7725: 7722: 7721: 7718: 7714: 7705: 7700: 7698: 7693: 7691: 7686: 7685: 7682: 7670: 7667: 7665: 7662: 7661: 7659: 7655: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7640: 7638: 7634: 7628: 7625: 7623: 7620: 7619: 7617: 7611: 7605: 7602: 7601: 7599: 7593: 7587: 7583: 7581: 7577: 7575: 7571: 7570: 7568: 7566:Key personnel 7564: 7558: 7555: 7553: 7550: 7548: 7545: 7543: 7540: 7538: 7535: 7534: 7532: 7528: 7522: 7519: 7517: 7514: 7513: 7511: 7507: 7501: 7498: 7497: 7495: 7491: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7467: 7465: 7462: 7461: 7459: 7455: 7449: 7448: 7441: 7440: 7433: 7430: 7427: 7426: 7423: 7419: 7410: 7405: 7403: 7398: 7396: 7391: 7390: 7387: 7375: 7372: 7370: 7367: 7365: 7362: 7361: 7359: 7355: 7349: 7346: 7344: 7341: 7340: 7338: 7334: 7328: 7324: 7322: 7318: 7316: 7315:Fred Anderson 7312: 7311: 7309: 7307:Key personnel 7305: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7292: 7290: 7286: 7280: 7277: 7276: 7274: 7270: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7240: 7238: 7234: 7228: 7227: 7220: 7219: 7212: 7209: 7206: 7205: 7202: 7198: 7189: 7184: 7182: 7177: 7175: 7170: 7169: 7166: 7160: 7153: 7141: 7140: 7131: 7130: 7127: 7119: 7116: 7114: 7111: 7109: 7106: 7105: 7103: 7101: 7098: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7065:All-Star Game 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7038: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7016: 7013: 7011: 7008: 7006: 7003: 7001: 6998: 6997: 6995: 6991: 6981: 6978: 6976: 6973: 6971: 6968: 6967: 6965: 6961: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6945: 6942: 6940: 6937: 6936: 6934: 6932:United States 6930: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6905: 6903: 6899: 6896: 6894: 6890: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6841: 6839: 6835: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6823:Commissioners 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6767: 6764: 6762: 6759: 6758: 6757: 6754: 6753: 6751: 6747: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6717: 6715: 6713: 6712:East Division 6709: 6703: 6700: 6698: 6695: 6693: 6690: 6688: 6685: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6669: 6667: 6665: 6664:West Division 6661: 6658: 6656: 6652: 6638: 6636: 6632: 6630: 6628: 6624: 6622: 6619: 6617: 6614: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6604: 6602: 6599: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6584: 6583: 6580: 6574: 6572: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6555: 6554: 6551: 6548: 6544: 6538: 6537: 6533: 6532: 6530: 6526: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6501: 6499: 6497: 6496:East Division 6493: 6487: 6484: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6476:Edmonton Elks 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6464: 6463: 6461: 6459: 6458:West Division 6455: 6452: 6450: 6446: 6437: 6432: 6430: 6425: 6423: 6418: 6417: 6414: 6402: 6399: 6398: 6396: 6392: 6386: 6384: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6371: 6367: 6366: 6364: 6360: 6354: 6351: 6349: 6346: 6344: 6341: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6330: 6328: 6326: 6322: 6316: 6313: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6297: 6295: 6293: 6289: 6283: 6280: 6279: 6277: 6275: 6271: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6231: 6229: 6227: 6223: 6219: 6212: 6207: 6205: 6200: 6198: 6193: 6192: 6189: 6182: 6179: 6178: 6160: 6156: 6150: 6146: 6145: 6139: 6138: 6118: 6114: 6108: 6092: 6088: 6082: 6066: 6062: 6056: 6040: 6036: 6032: 6025: 6009: 6005: 5999: 5983: 5979: 5975: 5969: 5953: 5949: 5945: 5939: 5932: 5931:Yahoo! Sports 5928: 5924: 5921: 5915: 5898: 5894: 5891: 5884: 5877: 5871: 5855: 5849: 5842: 5838: 5832: 5824: 5823: 5818: 5811: 5803: 5802: 5797: 5790: 5774: 5770: 5764: 5756: 5750: 5734: 5727: 5711: 5707: 5701: 5694: 5688: 5686: 5678: 5672: 5656: 5652: 5646: 5630: 5626: 5624:9781312745476 5620: 5616: 5615: 5607: 5591: 5587: 5583: 5577: 5570: 5564: 5548: 5544: 5540: 5533: 5526: 5520: 5513: 5509: 5505: 5502: 5497: 5490: 5484: 5475: 5459: 5455: 5451: 5445: 5429: 5425: 5424:Gadsden Times 5421: 5415: 5399: 5395: 5391: 5385: 5369: 5365: 5364:Baltimore Sun 5361: 5354: 5347: 5341: 5339: 5323: 5319: 5312: 5304: 5297: 5281: 5277: 5271: 5255: 5251: 5247: 5241: 5234: 5228: 5221: 5217: 5213: 5210: 5204: 5202: 5200: 5183: 5179: 5175: 5169: 5167: 5165: 5163: 5155: 5149: 5142: 5136: 5129: 5126: 5122: 5119: 5113: 5097: 5093: 5087: 5080: 5074: 5072: 5064: 5060: 5054: 5052: 5050: 5048: 5046: 5044: 5036: 5030: 5014: 5010: 5006: 5000: 4984: 4980: 4974: 4958: 4954: 4948: 4932: 4928: 4922: 4906: 4902: 4896: 4880: 4876: 4870: 4854: 4850: 4844: 4828: 4824: 4818: 4802: 4798: 4792: 4776: 4772: 4768: 4762: 4755: 4749: 4742: 4736: 4720: 4716: 4712: 4706: 4690: 4686: 4680: 4673: 4667: 4651: 4647: 4643: 4637: 4621: 4617: 4611: 4595: 4591: 4590:Gadsden Times 4587: 4581: 4579: 4577: 4560: 4556: 4552: 4546: 4530: 4526: 4520: 4504: 4500: 4494: 4478: 4474: 4468: 4466: 4449: 4445: 4439: 4428: 4412: 4408: 4404: 4397: 4381: 4377: 4373: 4366: 4350: 4346: 4340: 4333: 4327: 4320: 4314: 4298: 4294: 4288: 4280: 4276: 4270: 4254: 4250: 4244: 4237: 4231: 4224: 4218: 4211: 4207: 4202: 4200: 4183: 4179: 4173: 4171: 4154: 4150: 4144: 4128: 4124: 4118: 4102: 4098: 4092: 4076: 4072: 4066: 4050: 4046: 4045:Baltimore Sun 4042: 4035: 4028: 4022: 4006: 4002: 3996: 3980: 3976: 3972: 3965: 3949: 3945: 3939: 3937: 3935: 3933: 3931: 3929: 3927: 3919: 3913: 3897: 3893: 3887: 3871: 3867: 3861: 3854: 3848: 3832: 3828: 3822: 3806: 3802: 3796: 3780: 3776: 3772: 3765: 3763: 3755: 3749: 3742: 3736: 3734: 3732: 3715: 3711: 3705: 3698: 3692: 3676: 3672: 3666: 3659: 3653: 3646: 3640: 3632: 3631: 3623: 3616: 3610: 3594: 3590: 3584: 3577: 3571: 3569: 3567: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3535: 3519: 3515: 3511: 3504: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3477:Woods, Paul. 3473: 3471: 3454: 3450: 3449: 3444: 3438: 3436: 3419: 3415: 3409: 3393: 3389: 3383: 3381: 3364: 3360: 3354: 3338: 3334: 3333: 3328: 3322: 3306: 3302: 3296: 3280: 3276: 3270: 3254: 3250: 3249: 3244: 3238: 3222: 3218: 3212: 3196: 3192: 3191: 3186: 3180: 3164: 3160: 3159: 3154: 3148: 3132: 3128: 3122: 3106: 3102: 3101: 3096: 3090: 3074: 3070: 3064: 3048: 3044: 3040: 3034: 3018: 3014: 3008: 2992: 2988: 2982: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2952: 2936: 2932: 2931: 2926: 2920: 2904: 2900: 2899: 2894: 2888: 2886: 2869: 2865: 2864: 2859: 2853: 2851: 2834: 2830: 2829: 2824: 2818: 2816: 2799: 2795: 2794: 2789: 2783: 2781: 2779: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2748: 2744: 2735: 2732: 2730: 2727: 2726: 2720: 2718: 2713: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2671: 2668: 2663: 2660: 2658: 2655: 2653: 2650: 2649: 2645: 2642: 2637: 2634: 2632: 2629: 2627: 2624: 2623: 2619: 2617: 2614: 2609: 2606: 2604: 2601: 2599: 2596: 2595: 2591: 2589: 2588:Jimmy Buffett 2586: 2581: 2576: 2571: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2560: 2559: 2555: 2553: 2550: 2545: 2542: 2540: 2537: 2534: 2533: 2529: 2526: 2523: 2520: 2517: 2514: 2513: 2500: 2498: 2495: 2493: 2492:Steve Ehrhart 2490: 2488: 2485: 2482: 2479: 2474: 2471: 2469: 2466: 2464: 2461: 2460: 2456: 2454: 2451: 2449: 2446: 2444: 2441: 2438: 2435: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2416: 2412: 2410: 2409:Fred Anderson 2407: 2405: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2394: 2391: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2375: 2371: 2368: 2367: 2363: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2346:Forrest Gregg 2343: 2340: 2337: 2334: 2329: 2326: 2324: 2321: 2319: 2316: 2315: 2311: 2309: 2306: 2304: 2301: 2299: 2296: 2293: 2290: 2285: 2282: 2280: 2277: 2275: 2272:Baltimore FC/ 2270: 2269: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2249: 2246: 2241: 2238: 2236: 2233: 2231: 2228: 2227: 2223: 2221: 2220:Fred Anderson 2218: 2216: 2213: 2211: 2208: 2205: 2202: 2197: 2194: 2192: 2189: 2187: 2184: 2183: 2179: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2161: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2151: 2138: 2136: 2130: 2126: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2111: 2105: 2103: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2074: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2011: 2010:Vince McMahon 2007: 2002: 2000: 1995: 1991: 1989: 1983: 1980: 1976: 1971: 1967: 1966:84th Grey Cup 1963: 1955: 1951: 1950:Larry Ryckman 1947: 1942: 1933: 1931: 1925: 1923: 1917: 1913: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1890: 1889:Lehigh Valley 1886: 1882: 1877: 1874: 1870: 1867: 1862: 1860: 1854: 1851: 1848: 1844: 1841: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1818: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1802: 1799: 1798: 1791: 1788: 1782: 1780: 1776: 1771: 1767: 1751: 1747: 1744: 1740: 1739:1995 Grey Cup 1736: 1732: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1713: 1712: 1708: 1705: 1702: 1700: 1697: 1696: 1692: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1680: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1668: 1665: 1664: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1649: 1648: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1633: 1632: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1618: 1615: 1611: 1608: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1593: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1578: 1575: 1571: 1565: 1563: 1562:Danny McManus 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1535: 1530: 1526: 1523: 1519: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1493: 1491: 1484: 1474: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1454: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1419: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1400:Lambeau Field 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1370: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1350: 1346: 1344: 1340: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1310: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1300: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1284: 1280: 1277: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1268: 1264: 1261: 1258: 1256: 1253: 1252: 1248: 1245: 1242: 1240: 1237: 1236: 1232: 1229: 1226: 1223: 1222: 1219: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1209:Lui Passaglia 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1184: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1157: 1155: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1105: 1095: 1091: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1080:West Division 1076: 1072: 1068: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1053:Fred Anderson 1050: 1046: 1041: 1039: 1035: 1029: 1019: 1016: 1012: 1010: 1009:Larry Ryckman 1004: 1002: 998: 994: 990: 989:Buffalo Bills 986: 982: 978: 977:Wayne Gretzky 974: 970: 965: 963: 959: 955: 951: 947: 942: 940: 936: 932: 911: Eastern 905: Western 897: 890: 882: 875: 868: 861: 854: 847: 840: 833: 826: 819: 812: 805: 798: 791: 784: 777: 769: 756: 754: 749: 744: 742: 738: 734: 730: 715: 712: 710: 707: 705: 702: 700: 697: 694: 692: 689: 687:June 24, 1995 686: 683: 679: 676: 674: 673:Civic Stadium 671: 669: 666: 664: 661: 658: 656: 653: 651:June 25, 1992 650: 647: 643: 640: 638: 635: 633: 630: 628: 625: 622: 620: 617: 614: 611: 607: 604: 602: 599: 597: 594: 592: 589: 586: 584: 581: 578: 575: 571: 568: 566: 565:Husky Stadium 563: 561: 558: 556: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543:July 29, 1961 542: 539: 535: 532: 530: 527: 525: 522: 520: 517: 514: 512: 509: 507:July 29, 1960 506: 503: 499: 496: 494: 491: 489: 486: 484: 481: 478: 476: 473: 470: 467: 463: 460: 458: 457:Kezar Stadium 455: 453: 450: 448: 445: 442: 440: 437: 434: 431: 427: 424: 422: 419: 417: 414: 412: 409: 406: 404: 401: 398: 395: 391: 388: 386: 385:Civic Stadium 383: 381: 378: 376: 373: 370: 368: 365: 362: 359: 355: 352: 350: 347: 345: 342: 340: 337: 334: 332: 329: 326: 323: 318: 315: 312: 309: 306: 303: 300: 297: 294: 293: 290: 288: 282: 279: 275: 271: 267: 261: 259: 256:'s cavernous 255: 250: 246: 242: 238: 233: 231: 227: 223: 219: 218: 213: 209: 203: 193: 191: 186: 184: 179: 175: 165: 163: 159: 155: 151: 147: 143: 132: 130: 125: 123: 119: 114: 112: 108: 103: 101: 95: 93: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 68: 66: 62: 58: 54: 50: 46: 42: 37: 33: 19: 8678: 8623:Head Coach: 8570:Head Coaches 8529: 8521: 8442:Head Coach: 8394: 8363:Head coaches 8322: 8227:Head Coach: 8223:Art Williams 8206:Matt Dunigan 8190:Legion Field 8174:Head coaches 8029:Head Coach: 7992:Head coaches 7951: 7943: 7848:Head Coach: 7779:Head coaches 7738: 7730: 7586:Don Matthews 7584:Head Coach: 7557:Mike Pringle 7537:Karl Anthony 7484:Head coaches 7443: 7435: 7319:Head Coach: 7263:Head coaches 7222: 7214: 7137: 7060:Hall of Fame 7005:Team records 6893:Broadcasting 6766:Grey Cup MVP 6633: 6625: 6585: 6569: 6534: 6381: 6376: 6368: 6217: 6163:. Retrieved 6159:the original 6143: 6121:. Retrieved 6107: 6095:. Retrieved 6081: 6069:. Retrieved 6065:the original 6055: 6043:. Retrieved 6039:the original 6035:Fang's Bites 6034: 6024: 6012:. Retrieved 6008:the original 5998: 5986:. Retrieved 5982:the original 5968: 5956:. Retrieved 5938: 5930: 5914: 5901:. Retrieved 5892: 5883: 5875: 5870: 5860:November 22, 5858:. Retrieved 5848: 5840: 5831: 5820: 5810: 5799: 5789: 5777:. Retrieved 5772: 5763: 5737:. Retrieved 5726: 5716:February 11, 5714:. Retrieved 5700: 5692: 5676: 5671: 5659:. Retrieved 5645: 5633:. Retrieved 5617:. Lulu.com. 5613: 5606: 5594:. Retrieved 5585: 5576: 5568: 5563: 5551:. Retrieved 5542: 5532: 5524: 5519: 5496: 5488: 5483: 5474: 5462:. Retrieved 5453: 5444: 5432:. Retrieved 5423: 5414: 5402:. Retrieved 5393: 5384: 5372:. Retrieved 5363: 5353: 5345: 5325:. Retrieved 5321: 5311: 5302: 5296: 5284:. Retrieved 5270: 5258:. Retrieved 5249: 5240: 5232: 5227: 5207:Ralph, Dan. 5186:. 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Retrieved 2791: 2765:, retrieved 2761:the original 2756: 2747: 2714: 2682: 2584: 2579: 2453:Art Williams 2429:Legion Field 2298:Don Matthews 2215:Tom Huiskens 2131: 2127: 2106: 2075: 2003: 1996: 1992: 1988:Matt Dunigan 1984: 1959: 1954:Bruce McNall 1926: 1918: 1914: 1897:NFL's Oilers 1878: 1869:Kurt Schmoke 1863: 1859:Inner Harbor 1855: 1850:Ralph Wilson 1840:Pittsburgh's 1824: 1803: 1795: 1792: 1783: 1762: 1748: 1735:Mike Pringle 1728: 1613: 1605:Joe Ferguson 1594: 1579: 1566: 1558:Liberty Bowl 1540: 1513:Matt Dunigan 1505:Legion Field 1501:Art Williams 1494: 1486: 1455: 1420: 1376: 1351: 1347: 1316: 1239:Baltimore FC 1217: 1189:Don Matthews 1185: 1158: 1122: 1092: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1042: 1031: 1013: 1011:in Calgary. 1005: 973:Bruce McNall 966: 943: 935:Jake Gaudaur 927: 745: 725: 691:Baltimore FC 615:July 9, 1967 283: 262: 254:Philadelphia 234: 215: 205: 187: 171: 138: 126: 115: 104: 96: 79: 69: 51:through the 38: 36: 8524:San Antonio 8411:Damon Allen 8229:Jack Pardee 7844:Nick 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