Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu

2432:(page 321) Gangadhar Dikshit remarked "The proof in favor of the prabhus vedokta adduced by their preceptor is preponderant. There is no argument against it. Who can, therefore, dare say that the Shastra is false? Their preceptor Gurubaba (Abashastri Takle), indeed, quoting from the scriptures convincingly argued the Prabhus claims to Vedokta before the Pandit assembly by proving their Kshatriya genealogy (page 325). As the prabhus's Gurubaba stated in the Pandit assembly, that the gramanya initiated by Yamaji was due to political malice("rajyakarani dvesha"). It did not therefore, come to fruition. That there was an active enmity between Govindrao, a leading member of the prabhu caste and Yamaji, is clear from a document in which it is stated that Yamaji Pant actually sent an assassin to murder Govindrao. The Prabhus eminence as soldier-statesmen and high ranking administrative officers from Bajiravs time to end of Peshwai was both an asset and a liability. As statesmen, they were engulfed in the court intrigues and factions, and, as a result, were prone to persecution by opposing factions. On the other hand, their influence in the court meant that they could wield enough political clout to effect settlements in favor of their caste.(page 328)It is significant that the two Prabhu Sardars, Nilkanthrav Page and Ravji Apaji were the key members of the faction which helped Bajirav to acquire the Peshwaship. 2177:(page 44) Next to the Brahmins came the Saraswats and the Kayastha Prabhus. Except the Brahmins, the saraswats and the kayasthas, all other castes and communities in Maharashtra received very little education, which was the sole privilege of the higher castes.(page 47)A charge may be leveled against Shivaji Maharaj that he recruited in his civil departments the people from the so called intellectual classes only. It is a fact that Shivaji Maharaj's civil services were dominated by the Brahmins, the Prabhus and the Saraswats. However, the blame on it does not fall on Shivaji Maharaj but on the social framework within which he was workings. As has been pointed out earlier in this article , in 17th century Maharashtra, due to social and religious restrictions, education was the privilege of the higher classes only. Consequently, the common masses remained illiterate and backward. For civil posts, intellectual maturity, some standard of education as well as knowledge of reading, writing and account keeping ,etc. were essential. Shivaji Maharaj found these requisites readily in the Brahmins, the Saraswats and the Kayasthas which were the only educated classes then. Shivaji Maharaj had no alternative but to recruit them in his services for maintaining a high standard of efficiency. 3367:

Malkapur and sought Government service. Finding that too insufficient to maintaining the family decently, he studied law and after qualifying himself began to practise as a pleader at YeotmalThe eldest son being Narayanrao, who later on became famous as poet, publishing his "Fulanchi Onjal" (Bunch or handful of flower – poems) under the pseudonym "Bee", and the last son being Gajanana Maharaja who forms the subject of this treatise...I am here at Nasik for the last five years or so but it was not until the February of 1937 that I heard about Mr. Gajanan Murlidhar Gupte alias Shri Gajanana Maharaja of Nawa Darwaja, Nasik.I thought to myself "If he be really a saint as said, how is it that for the last five years that I am here in Nasik I did not hear anything about him? Again I have never heard of a real saint belonging to C. K. P. Community except Shree Rama Maruti Maharaja of Kalyan whose fame to the effect is far and wide. He has a Samadhi at Kalyan. His friends and disciples have published abook about the life of the man. How is it that even a single writing about this man did not ever come to my notice ? Who can say, the report is not an exaggeration of the man's qualities?"

3925:छत्रपती शिवाजी महाराजांचे सेनानी – बाजीप्रभू देशपांडे, मुरारबाजी देशपांडे, बाळाजी आवजी चिटणीस, खंडो बल्लाळ चिटणीस. मराठी साहित्यिक राम गणेश गडकरी, साहित्य संमेलनाच्या पहिल्या स्त्री अध्यक्षा कुसुमावती देशपांडे. अर्थशास्त्रज्ञ चिंतामणराव देशमुख. १९१२ मधील मुंबई हायकोर्टाचे मुख्य न्यायाधीश महादेव भास्कर चौबळ. राजकारणी दत्ता ताम्हाणे, बाळासाहेब ठाकरे, उद्धव ठाकरे, राज ठाकरे. माजी लष्कर प्रमुख अरुणकुमार वैद्य. हवाईदल प्रमुख अनिल टिपणीस. नाट्यसृष्टीच्या सर्वच दालनांच्या सर्वज्ञा विजया मेहता.मराठी आणि हिंदी चित्रपट सृष्टीतील सुमती गुप्ते, शोभना समर्थ, नूतन, तनुजा, नलिनी जयवंत, स्नेहप्रभा प्रधान. विविध २०० प्रकारचे वैज्ञानिक शोध लावणारे आणि ४० पेटंट्स नावावर असलेले आणि ज्यांना भारताचे एडिसन म्हटले जाते ते शास्त्रज्ञ शंकर आबाजी भिसे. संगीतातील फक्त एकच नाव घेतले पुरे आहे ते म्हणजे श्रीनिवास खळे. क्रिकेटपटू बाळू गुप्ते – सुभाष गुप्ते – नरेन ताम्हाणे. १९६५ च्या युद्धात अवघ्या २३ व्या वर्षी शाहिद झालेला लेफ्टनंट दिलीप गुप्ते, पत्रकार माधव गडकरी, आणखी कितीतरी…. 4254:"The Secondary material also shows plenty of information, regarding the subject matter of study which is also referred vigorously. Besides I personally interviewed the following C.K.P. leaders from Bombay and Poona and collected valuable information regarding the features of C.K.P. community and the contribution of previous C.K.P. leaders in making of Modern Maharashtra.1) Prof. G.P. Pradhan, Pune 2) Mr. Ravindra Sabnis, Ex. M.L.A., Kolhapur. 3) Mr. J.A. Deshpande, the advocate of Bombay Highcourt of Bombay. 4) Prof. R.D. Deshpande of Bombay. 5) Mr. Datta Tamhane, Bombay. 6) Mrs. Kusum Pradhan, Bombay. 7) Mr. Narayan Raje 8) Prof. S.D. Gupte 9) 2051:" pg 301: (section)Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu...From our epigraphical evidences, many Prabhus seem to have held high posts in the Silahara kingdom, and controlled the civil and military administration. The Chaul inscription of AD.1088 mentions Veliga Prabhu. Ananta Prabhu and Lakshamana Prabhu appear in a number of records. The former was a MahaPradhana, Kosadhikari, MahasandhiVigrahika and the latter was a MahaPradhana and Mahadandanayaka. Table on Pg 303,304: minister: pradhana, head of treasury: kosadhikari, foreign department charge: Mahasandhivigrahika, head of military: MahaDandanayaka 4182:"Penned by Rohini Gawankar, Mrinal Gore's close friend and colleague of over six decades,it is an inspiring, virtually eyewitness account of one of India's tallest women leaders. ...Of a brave young woman widowed at 30, with a five-year-old daughter, who despite stringent financial circumstances and parental duties fulfilled the dream she and her husband Keshav had set out to achieve. Of a pair of young socialists belonging to different castes, (she, a woman from the Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu caste and medical student; he, a Brahmin and fulltime party worker) 2505:

names, surnames, etc., of the members of the C.K.P. caste. R.R. Pradhan, in an issue of Kayastha-mitra (Vol. 1, No. 9, December 1930, pp. 2-3) gives a list of north Indian princely families that belonged to the C.K.P. caste. We may mention here two such publications: Chandraseneeya Kayastha Prabhunchd itihas dni Sans-theche patrak (Baroda, 1891); and, Chdndraseneeya Kdyastha Prabhu samci-jachyd itihäsáche digdarshan, by R.N. Pradhan (Baroda, 1918). Seetanandan has compiled a detailed list of authors belonging to the C.K.P. caste

2414:(page 5) Thus the Brahmin government of Poona, while passing some legislation prohibiting the manufacture and sale of liquors, excluded the bhandaris kolis and similar other castes from the operation thereof but strictly forbade the sale of drinks to Brahmins, Shenvis, Prabhus and Government officers (page 14). Such an advanced caste as the Prabhus in the Maratha country had to establish its rights to carry on the rites according to the vedic formulae which were being questioned at the time of the later peshwas 4146:तर नंतरच्या काळात राम गणेश गडकरी, प्रबोधनकार ठाकरे, सी. डी. देशमुख, १९१२ साली मुंबई हायकोर्टाचे मुख्य न्यायाधीश असलेले महादेव चौबळ, मृणाल गोरे (मूळच्या मोहिले), अहिल्या रांगणेकर, बाळासाहेब ठाकरे, मेजर जनरल अरुणकुमार वैद्य, लेफ्टनंट दिलीप गुप्ते, हवाईदल प्रमुख अनिल टिपणीस, भारताचे एडिसन म्हणून ओळखले जाणारे शास्त्रज्ञ शंकर आबाजी भिसे, दत्ता ताम्हाणे, श्रीनिवास खळे, स्नेहप्रभा प्रधान, शोभना समर्थ, नूतन, नलिनी जयवंत, विजया मेहता अशा किती तरी व्यक्तींनी वेगवेगळ्या क्षेत्रांत सीकेपी समाजाचं नाव रोशन केलेलं आहे. 2614:

1419:Male literacy rates were much higher than the male and female together, but show the same pattern, as does the literacy in English. Not only were the Brahmans and CKPs overwhelmingly dominant, but maratha kunbi figures were amazingly low, especially for bombay province. Even allowing for the effects of sampling differences, the low rates for the marathas kunbis are striking, and it is noteworthy that many artisan castes were more literate. This also tended to be true in the central provinces-Berar.

1761:(page 1228)High castes include all the Brahmin jatis, as well as a few other elite jatis (CKP and Pathare Prabhus).Low castes include formerly untouchable and backward castes (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Castes, as defined by the government of India). Medium castes are drawn mostly from the cultivator jatis, such as the Marathas and the Kunbis, as well as other traditional vocations that were not considered to be ritually impure. 814:

and CKPs were similar to those of the Marathi Brahmins". However, she also criticizes these communities by concluding that until the 20th century, the Marathi Brahmin, CKP and Saraswat Brahmin communities, due to their upper-caste ritualistic norms, traditionally discouraged widow remarriage. This resulted in distress in the lives of widows from these castes as opposed to widows from other Marathi Hindu castes.

216:. The CKP performed three Vedic karmas or duties which in Sanskrit are called: Adhyayan- studying of the Vedas, yajna- ritual done in front of a sacred fire, often with mantras and dāna – alms or charity. Ritually ranked high (along with the Brahmins), the caste may be considered socially proximate to the Brahmin community. They have traditionally been an elite and literate but a numerically small community. 2699:(page 167) The Bhandaris were given a permit for the manufacture of liquor but were forbidden to sell their products to castes such as Brahmins and Shenvis and the Prabhus because these were required by their caste laws to abstain from drinking.(page 166) The other intellectual class, the Prabhus were once again subdivided in the Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu and the Pathare Prabhus. 2450:(page 166)The other intellectual class, the Prabhus were once again subdivided in the Chnadraseniya Kayastha Prabhu and the Pathare Prabhus. (page 167) The Bhandaris were given a permit for the manufacture of liquor but were forbidden to sell their products to castes such as Brahmins and Shenvis and the Prabhus because these were required by their caste laws to abstain from drinking 755:, that constituted the middle class and were traditionally "urban and professional" (following professions like doctors, lawyers, teachers, engineers, etc.). According to P. K. Varma, "education was a common thread that bound together this pan Indian elite" and almost all the members of these communities could read and write English and were educated "beyond school" 2842:

community ...Their way of living, dress, worship, cremation ceremonies are like those of the Brahmins except that they eat fish, fowl and mutton. They are mostly concentrated in the region north of Bombay and are found in great numbers in the cities of Bombay and Poona. Some families are found in the villages near the western Ghats where they hold inam lands.

1886:(page 905)Within the circle of "available" non-Brahman elite groups one might also count the tiny community of CKP's Chandrasenya Kayastha Prabhu...A community which claimed status equal to Brahmans-a claim which the Brahmans always stridently rejected – the CKP's were a source of men of talent who were to act as advisors to Shahu... 4092:"Le cas du Madhya Pradesh En Inde centrale, une des premières zones de force du nationalisme hindou, cette charge fut progressivement confiée à Kushabhau Thakre. Natif de Dhar et de caste kayasth (rough translation of last part: the charge was gradually entrusted to Kushabhau Thakre. Native of Dhar and of caste CKP." 2718:

community for the construction of the building. The objects of the trust are to promote the educational, moral and cultural welfare of the C. K. P. community. The premises are let out particularly for marriage and thread ceremonies to members of the community and when possible to other communities as well.

2841:

During the Maratha fight against Aurangazeb they distinguished themselves as loyal and staurch supporters of Shivaji Sambhaji and Rajaram and made a name as warriors also. They are today mostly government employees, teachers, lawyers, doctors etc. They are an intellectually keen and are a progressive

1409:

Omvedt does add a proviso saying that :There is difficulty in using such Census data, particularly because the various categories tended to be defined in different ways in different years, and different criteria were used in different provinces for classifying the population. Nonetheless, the overall

813:

generally observe it for 12 days. Educationally and professionally, 20th century research showed that the Saraswat, CKP, Deshastha and Chitpawan were quite similar. Researcher and professor Dr.Neela Dabir sums it up as follows "In Maharashtra for instance, the family norms among the Saraswat Brahmins

2717:

Sakharam Hari Gupte C. K. P. Karyalaya : The above Karya- laya is situated at 4 Narayan Peth, Poona, on a site secured from the Sardar Ambegavkar family of Baroda on a nominal rent, through the efforts of the C. K. P. Swayamsevak Sangh which also collected donations from members of the C. K. P.

1529:

pg 161: The Kayastha Prabhus...They performed three of the vedic duties or karmas, studying the Vedas adhyayan, sacrificing yajna and giving alms or dana...The creed mostly accepted by them is that of the advaita school of Adi Shankaracharya, though they also worship Vishnu, Ganapati and other gods.

564:

Modern scholars quote statements that show that they were due to political malice – especially given that the Gramanya was started by a certain Yamaji Pant who had sent an assassin to murder a rival CKP. This was noted by Gangadharshastri Dikshit who gave his verdict in favor of the CKPs. Abashastri

3892:

My family was from the Chandrasena Kayastha Prabhu community, popularly called the CKP community, from which a large number of the social reformers came." Ahilya recalls an event that took place in Malad, where a big satyagraha was organized against untouchability. "My father, although a government

3366:

Shri Gajanana Maharaja hails from the Inamdar-Gupte family of Pen, Vasiand other villages in the Colaba District. Towards the middle of the last century the condition of the family began to deteriorate and hence Mr.Murlidhar Bajirao, the father of Gajanan Maharaja, left the district and migrated to

2504:

On the historical information relating to Chandraseneeya Kayastha Prabhus (known popularly as &dquo;C.K.P.s&dquo;) we have a good book published from Baroda (no publication date) under the title Prabhu-kul-deepika. The book gives detailed information about the Gotras, Pravaras, allied caste

1419:

quote from page 14: Rubbing shoulders with the portraits of the Gods and Goddesses would be pictures of Ram Maruti Maharaj or Gajanan Maharaj(both CKP Swamis, whose samadhis are at Kalyan and Nasik respectively)....Almost every C K.P home will have either a coloured or a black-and-white portrait of

1399:

quote on page 168:The CKP could undertake the six functions (satkarma) because they had the expertise to do so. Aba Parasnis the CKP could easily hold his own and argue intricate points from the vedas,puranas and the dharmasastras in a debate which resulted in his composition of the siddhantavijaya

584:

state "As statesmen, they were engulfed in the court intrigues and factions, and, as a result, were prone to persecution by opposing factions. On the other hand, their influence in the court meant that they could wield enough political clout to effect settlements in favor of their caste.". The late

4077:

In fact, in the late 1990s and in 2000 the party apparatus was still controlled by upper-caste leaders — either from the faction led by former Chief Minister Sunderlal Patwa (a Jain) and BJP National President Kushabhau Thakre (a Kayasth),or by its opponents , led by Lami Narayan Pandey and former

1815:

advanced castes among the maharashtrians viz.Brahmins. In this groups were also included families belonging to the chandraseniya kayastha prabhu besides the three subscastes among the brahmins, viz. Kokanastha Brahmins, Deshastha Brahmins and Saraswat Brahmins. The reason for this was that, though

450:

and thus the common masses remained illiterate and backward. Hence Shivaji was compelled to use people from these three educated communities – Marathi Brahmins, CKPs and Saraswat Brahmins – for civilian posts as they required education and intellectual maturity. However, in this time period, these

1501:

The Kayastha Prabhus, though small in number, were another caste of importance in Maharashtra. The Konkan districts were their homeland. They formed one of the elite castes of Maharashtra. They also held the position of Deshpandes and Gadkaris and produced some of the best warriors in the Maratha

3251:

LAKSHMAN. JAGANNATH. VAIDYA. SCHOLARSHIP. The Secretary to the Kayastha Prabhu Educational Fund, Baroda, in a letter dated 2nd February 1887, offered to the University a sum of Rs. 5,000 in Government 4 per cent. Paper for the foundation of a Scholarship to be called " The Dewan Bahadur Lakshman

2377:

The jati disputes were not a rare occurrence in Maharashtra. There are recorded instances of disputes between jatis such as Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhus and the Chitpawans, Pathare Prabhus and the Chitpawans, Saraswats and the Chitpawans and Shukla Yajurvedi and the Chitpawans. The intra-caste

391:

In the thirteenth century they might have been considered as equal to brahmin or simply within the Brahminic ecumene, this despite the fact that modern day CKPs of Maharashtra understand themselves to have arisen from the Kshatriya varna. Thus they are an intermediate caste between brahmins and

2613:

page 1426:There is difficulty in using such Census data, particularly because the various categories tended to be defined in different ways in different years, and different criteria were used in different provinces for classifying the population. Nonetheless, the overall trend is clear...page

805:. They performed three "vedic karmas"(studying vedas, fire sacrifice, giving alms) as opposed to full("Shatkarmi") Brahmins who performed six vedic duties which also include accepting gifts, teaching Vedas to other and performing vedic rites for others. They also followed rituals, like the 628:

During the British colonial era, the two literate communities of Maharashtra, namely the Brahmins and the CKP were the first to adopt western education with enthusiasm and prospered with opportunities in the colonial administration. A number of CKP families also served the semi-independent

1979:

quote:The name Chandraseniya is a corrupt form of Chandrashreniya ( meaning from the valley of the Chenab in Kashmir ) . The term Kayastha originates from the region around Ayodhya , which was called Kaya Desh , where the Chandraseniya Prabhus settled. ' Prabhu ' denotes a high government

2680:

when he issued the resolution of july 26th,1902, reserving, 50% of future vacancies in the kolhapur state service for the members of the "backward classes"The backward castes were considered to be those groups other than the advanced communities, namely the brahmans ,Prabhus, Shenvis and

4317:.For last 10 years of his life he fought for free health and education. He is known as an honest politician and a fierce socialist leader/activist who never compromised on his morals and values during his career. He was one of the few prominent survivors of socialist movement in India. 552:, a rival of the CKP Vedic scholar V.S.Parasnis at the court of Satara, the Shankaracharya himself intervened as arbiter and he gave his verdict by fully endorsing the rights over Vedas for the CKP. The Shankaracharya's letter is addressed to all Brahmins and he refers to various 441:

Brahmins, due to social and religious restrictions were the only communities that had a system of education for males. Except these three castes, education for all other castes and communities was very limited and consisted of listening to stories from religious texts like the

459:

and Saraswat Brahmins but there was no objection to other castes drinking it or even to the castes such as Bhandaris from manufacturing it. As the Maratha empire/confederacy expanded in the 18th century, and given the nepotism of the Peshwa of Pune towards their own

1265:(1928–2018) – Known as "Bhai" Vaidya (Bhai means Brother in Hindi) was Mayor of Pune city, freedom fighter and reformer who went to jail 28 times fighting for the cause of Dalits, farmers and backward classes. He was known for his honesty and non-corrupt attitude. 2260:..in this case the particular tradition of a Kshatriya caste called "CKP"(Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu). This group described as an intellectual community came into conflict with the Brahmins at least 300 years ago over their right to be teachers and scholars 3552:(page 8)The Bakhar (diary) written by Anant Malhar Chitnis has proved valuable to historians including Grant Duff. There are renowned C.K.P. historians, too, like V. C. Bendre. His Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj Charitra has won the Maharashtra State Award. 451:

three as well as other communities, depending on caste, also contributed their share to Shivaji's "Swaraj"(self-rule) by being cavalry soldiers, commanders, mountaineers, seafarers etc. During the Peshwa era, the CKP's main preceptor or Vedic

3204:

quote on page 1; Not much information is available about the early life of Narayan Jagannatha Vaidya. Narayan Jagannatha Vaidya belonged to the Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu (CKP) community of Maharashtra. His brother was the Diwan of Baroda

3227:

Paper for the foundation of a Scholarship to be called " The Dewan Bahadur Lakshman Jagannath Vaidya Scholarship " and to be awarded to a Candidate of the Kayastha Prabhu community who passes the Matriculation Examination with the highest

2953:

The most important of the Konkani caste communities were: (1) The Saraswat Brahmins such as Shenvis, Sastikars, Bardesh- ... They are, therefore, called Trikarmi Brahmins as distinguished from Shatkarmi Brahmins who performed all the six

2934:

The Brahmana's six duties (Satakarmas) are studying the Vedas and teaching them, performing rites for himself and for others, giving and accepting gifts. Trikarmi means that one can study the Vedas, perform rites for himself and give

1791:

Of the six groups, four are Brahmins; one is high non-Brahmin caste, Chandraseniya Kayashth Prabhu (CKP), ranking next only to the Brahmins; and the other is a cultivating caste, Maratha (MK), belonging to the middle level of the

848:

CKPs have had a progressive attitude regarding female education compared to other communities. For example, Dr.Christine Dobbin's research concludes that the educationally advanced communities in the 1850s – the CKPS,

500:). The dispute first broke out few years before the coronation of Shivaji, and was related to the Upanayana rights of the CKP community. CKPs even demanded privileges of the Brahmin order – the rights to conduct the 3015:

My guru, Sri Gajanan Maharaj Gupte of Nasik (who attained Mahasamadhi in September 1946) was, in 1943, invited by Sri Ramana Maharshi Mandal of Matunga, Bombay, to attend the 63rd birth anniversary celebrations...

409:

era. During Adilshahi and Nizamshahi, CKP, the Brahmins and high status Maratha were part of the elites. Given their training CKP served both as civilian and military officers. Several of the Maratha Chhatrapati

2644:

Reservations for backward communities were instituted in Bombay after 1925, when a government resolution defined backward classes as all except for "Brahmins, Prabhus, Marwaris, Parsis, Banias, and Christians."

589:

commented on the strictness of the caste system during the Peshwa rule in Maharashtra by noting that even advanced caste such as the Prabhus had to establish rights to carry on with the vedic rituals.

548:

and this was affirmed by two letters from Brahmins from Varanasi as well as one from Pune Brahmins ratified by Bajirao II himself. In the final Gramanya, started by Neelkanthashastri and his relative

528:

who gave decisions in the favor of the community. Just after the death of Shivaji this dispute raised again but this time the opinion shifted against the views of Gangabhatta. During the Peshwa era

1400:

in sanskrit.He prepared the samskara manual(karmakalpadruma), which was published by Pratapsimha. The CKP as an educated elite therefore, were a serious challenge to the Brahman monopoly of Vedokta.

666:, Rango tried to raise a rebel force to fight the British but the plan was thwarted and most of the conspirators were executed. However, Rango Bapuji escaped from his captivity and was never found. 1003:(1857–1933), Indian origin British era Chief Justice of the Bombay High Court. Member of Executive Council of Governor of Bombay in 1912 and Member of Royal Commission on Public Services in India. 580:. Modern scholars conclude that the fact that the CKPs held high ranking positions in administration and the military and as statesmen was a "double edged sword". Historians, while analyzing the 662:, the CKP representative of the deposed Raja Pratapsinh Bhosale of Satara spent 13 years in London in the 1840s and 50s to plead for restoration of the ruler without success. At the time of the 2888:

The CKP jati is resident largely in Maharashtra, holds the varna rank of Kshatria, which commonly, except by some Brahmans, is accorded a caste status equal to that of the Chitpawan Brahmans.

516:, i.e. "dispute involving the supposed violation of the Brahmanical ritual code of behavior" also known as "Vedokta disputes", initiated by certain individuals who tried to stop CKP rights to 3310:

Indian Travels of Thevenot and Careri: Being the Third Part of the Travels of M. de Thevenot Into the Levant and the Third Part of a Voyage Round the World by Dr. John Francis Gemelli Careri

455:

was a Brahmin by the name of Abashastri Takle, who was referred to by the CKP community as "Gurubaba". Sale of liquor was banned by the Brahmin administrators to the Brahmins, CKPs,

1916:

Not only were the Pathare prabhus aware for the need for self help. In 1876 the members of their sister community, the Chandraseniya Kyasth Prabhus, began to organize themselves.

599:

The CKP could undertake the six functions (satkarma) because they had the expertise to do so. Aba Parasnis the CKP could easily hold his own and argue intricate points from the

492:

The CKPs, described as a traditionally well-educated and intellectual group claimed themselves as Kshatriyas, while the predominant regional Brahmin belief was that they were

4090:

Presses de la Fondation nationale des sciences politiques, 1993 Les nationalistes hindous: idéologie, implantation et mobilisation dès années 1920 aux années 1990. p. 150).

2320:

claimed privilege of the traditional Brahmin order, the right to perform Vedic Ritual...in this they were frequently opposed by the Brahmins, especially the Chitpawans

947:; author of the Sanskrit "karma kalpadrum"(manual for Hindu rituals); first head of the school opened by Pratapsimha to teach Sanskrit to the boys of the Maratha caste 2488:

Divekar, V.D., 1978. Survey of Material in Marathi on the Economic and Social History of India—3. The Indian Economic & Social History Review, 15(3), pp.375–407.

1033:(1894–1971), popularly known as "Acharya Bhise" or "Bhise Guruji", was a social reformer, educationalist and novelist devoted to the education and upliftment of the 733:

donated premises for conducting thread ceremonies and marriages for the members of the CKP community and the facilities were available to other communities as well.

1743:

Rosenzweig, Mark; Munshi, Kaivan (September 2006). "Traditional Institutions Meet the Modern World: Caste, Gender, and Schooling Choice in a Globalizing Economy".

1613:..the Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu observe the thread-wearing (janeu) ceremony for male children. They cremate the dead and observe death pollution for ten days. 1297:(1936–2021) – Indian astrophysicist and mathematician. Best known for his work on solar physics and gravitational lensing. He is awarded by Padma Bhushan in 2012. 3252:

Jagannath Vaidya Scholarship " and to be awarded to a Candidate of the Kayastha Prabhu community who passes the Matriculation Examination with the highest number

619:

manual(karmakalpadruma), which was published by Pratapsimha. The CKP as an educated elite therefore, were a serious challenge to the Brahman monopoly of Vedokta.

4377: 3421: 4313:

In an age of corruption and compromised political ideals, he stood above the squalor of petty realpolitik, maintaining his dignity through his rectitude and

1703:

Although the Chandraseniya Kayasth Prabhu are non-Brahmins, they rank very high and might be regarded as being socially proximate to the Koknasth Brahman.

3893:

servant, gave this campaign all his support.My brother B.T. Ranadive, who was a brilliant student, used to tutor dalit boys when he was at University,...

3122:

Kantak, M. R. (1978). "The Political Role of Different Hindu Castes and Communities in Maharashtra in the Foundation of the Shivaji Maharaj's Swarajya".

2972:

According to tradition the defilement period differs by class; 10 days for brahmin, 12 days for kshatriya , 15 days for vaishya and one month for shudra.

2159:

Kantak, M. R. (1978). "The Political Role of Different Hindu Castes and Communities in Maharashtra in the Foundation of the Shivaji Maharaj's Swarajya".

695:

concludes that during the British era, the overall literacy of Brahmins and CKP was overwhelmingly high as opposed to the literacy of others such as the

3850:

B.T. Ranadive (b. 1904), a member of the Politbureau of the CPI.(M). Other notable C.K.Ps in this sphere are Mrinal Gore, V. B. Karnik and Datta Tamhane

556:, earlier verdicts in the favour of the CKPS as well as letters about the lineage of the CKP to make his decision and void the dispute started by Natu. 1560:

The traditional caste hierarchy was headed by the brahmin castes-the deshasthas, chitpawans, karhades saraswats and the chandraseniya kayastha prabhus.

1291:

She established herself as the most popular and commercially successful Indian actress. Tanuja is the mother of famous actresses, Kajol and Tanisha.

809:, the observation of the period of mourning and seclusion by person of a deceased's lineage by the CKPs has traditionally been for 10 days although 677:

objected to Rajwade's assumptions and wrote a text outlining the identity of the caste, and its contributions to the Maratha empire. In this text,

4137: 2063: 4105: 1015:(1867–1935), scientist and inventor with 200 inventions and 40 patents. The American scientific community referred to him as the "Indian Edison". 3195: 4290: 3827: 1834:

In the Hindu social hierarchy the privileged classes were Brahmins, CKP's and others. Similarly other elite classes were Parsis and Europeans.

751:, etc., along with the Parsis and upper crusts of the Muslim and Christian society were among the Indian communities in 1947, at the time of 162:

as well as writers. They held the posts such as Deshpande and Gadkari according to the historian, B.R. Sunthankar, produced some of the best

794:, their "ways of living, dress, worship, cremation" are exactly like those of the Brahmins except that they are not necessarily vegetarian. 737: 4252:

Kamble, Mohan L (2003). "The role of C K P leaders in making of modern Maharashtra". Department of History, Shivaji University: 444, 445.

1442: 1717:

Book Contradictions and Conflict: A Dialectical Political Anthropology of a University in Western India (Studies in Human Society, Vol 9)

1175: 962: 464:

caste, CKP and other literal castes migrated for administration jobs to the new Maratha ruling states such as the Bhosale of Nagpur, the

5229: 4370: 4349:आधुनिक महाराष्ट्राची जडणघडण : शिल्पकार चरित्रकोश, खंड ३, भाग १, विज्ञान व तंत्रज्ञान, (in Marathi). Saptahik Vivek, 2009. p. 117 4035:आधुनिक महाराष्ट्राची जडणघडण : शिल्पकार चरित्रकोश, खंड ३, भाग १, विज्ञान व तंत्रज्ञान, (in Marathi). Saptahik Vivek, 2009. p. 276 3969:आधुनिक महाराष्ट्राची जडणघडण : शिल्पकार चरित्रकोश, खंड ३, भाग १, विज्ञान व तंत्रज्ञान, (in Marathi). Saptahik Vivek, 2009. p. 271 3716:

South Asian intellectuals and social change: a study of the role of vernacular-speaking intelligentsia by Yogendra K. Malik, page 63.

1868:

Rosenthal, Donald (19 May 1973). "From Reformist Princes to 'Co-operative Kings': I: Political Change in Pre-Independence Kolhapur".

1044: 1816:

non-Brahmins, these C.K.P. families were very much near the Brahmin families as regards their educational and occupational status.

2854:

Kurtz, Donald V. (2009). "The Last Institution Standing: Contradictions and the politics of Domination in an Indian University".

1934:

The other intellectual class, the Prabhus were once again subdivided in the Chnadraseniya Kayastha Prabhu and the Pathare Prabhus

5244: 3196:

Professor Dr.Mrudula Verma; Professor Dr.Sarjerao Bhamare; Professor Shripad Nandedkar; Dr.Mokashi (RK Taleja College) (2015).

1239: 4159: 5239: 4363: 4056: 3990: 3737: 3596: 3177: 3101: 2909: 2802: 2768: 2553: 2200: 2136: 1784: 1583: 1553: 1086: 1071:

by declaring its public spaces open to untouchables. Awarded the titles 'Dalitmitra'(friend of the dalits) and 'Nanasaheb'.

1643:

Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu They have the Upanayana ceremony and are Vedadhikaris ( having the right to read the Vedas )

1168:(1917–2001) – Prominent Indian biologist and scientist, well known for her work on relationship between virus and cancer. 997:(1800 –missing 5 July 1857), Lawyer for Pratapsingh of Satara, tried to organise a rebellion against the British in 1857. 1590:

Besides Brahmins, the other communities advanced in education are Kayastha Prabhu, Pathare Prabhu found mainly in the...

1057:(1898–1981) – Indian communist leader, former general secretary of the Communist Party of India and prominent scientist. 2637: 1724: 3764: 3701: 3659: 3632: 3446: 3390: 3291: 3065: 2741: 2673: 2526: 2473: 2407: 2227: 1957: 1909: 1636: 3754: 2378:

dispute involving the supposed violation of the Brahmanical ritual code of behavior was called Gramanya in Marathi.

706:

In 1902, all communities other than Marathi Brahmins, Saraswat Brahmins, Prabhus (Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhus,

3013:

N.S.Pathak. "Mountain Path – Volume 12 – No.1". T. N. Venkataraman,Sri Ramanasramam, Tiruvannamalai. p. 37.

636:

The British era of the 1800s and 1900s saw the publications dedicated to finding sources of CKP history The book

1107:

freedom fighter, litterateur and social reformer. He won the Maharashtra State government's award for literature

329:

to prove that many CKPs held high posts and controlled the civilian and military administration. For example, a

3945: 1696: 845:

temple at Karle as their family deity whereas others worship Vinzai, Kadapkarin, Janani as their family deity.

3150: 2916:

22.Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu. CKP is a Kshatriya subcaste whose members live predominantly in Maharashtra.

595:

historians and Professors Emeriti, Milton Israel and N.K Wagle opine about this as follows in their analysis:

2603: 984: 902:

Balaji Avaji Chitnis, Private secretary of Shivaji. He was one of the highest raking ministers in his Durbar.

2079:

The Qutodian revolution : Vernacularization, Religion, and the Premodern Public Sphere in India, part 2

1027:(1885–1973), anti-dowry, anti-untouchability social activist, politician and author. Father of Bal Thackeray 752: 670: 616: 656:(Volume 1, No.9. Dec 1930) gives a list of north Indian princely families that belonged to the CKP caste. 3308: 1047:

and creating records called "Bendrey's indices". He won the Maharashtra state award for his biography on

2831:. Gazetteer of India. Directorate of Government Printing, Stationery and Publications, Maharashtra State 1530:...Most of the Pathare Prabhus are the followers of smart sect who adopt the teachings of Shankaracharya 544:

during the Peshwa eras finally culminated in the favor of the CKPs as the Vedokta had support from the

37: 4749: 4214: 2122: 950: 524:; however the upanayana for CKPs were supported by prominent Brahmin arbitrators like Gaga Bhatt and 4336: 4297: 4276: 4201: 3869: 3813: 3571: 3532: 3484: 3034: 2049:. Deccan College Postgraduate and Research Institute, University of Poona. pp. 301, 303, 304. 1179: 1124: 1120: 1030: 968: 740:, educated upper castes and communities – Punjabi Khatris, Kashmiri Pandits, CKPs, the Chitpawans, 722:. In 1925, the only communities that were not considered backward by the British Government in the 663: 381: 3920: 5249: 3093: 1082: 1040: 1018: 1000: 4976: 4951: 4729: 4323: 4188: 3800: 3021: 2255: 1230: 1024: 674: 586: 385: 4046: 3980: 3727: 3649: 3622: 3380: 3244: 3057: 2792: 2758: 2627: 2601:

Omvedt, Gail (August 1973). "Development of the Maharashtrian Class Structure, 1818 to 1931".

2543: 2463: 2399: 1899: 1113:(1904–1990), popularly known as BTR was an Indian communist politician and trade union leader. 4759: 4527: 4263: 4119: 3856: 3691: 3586: 3558: 3519: 3498: 3471: 3436: 2731: 2665: 2333: 2276: 1857:. Buffalo, N.Y. Council on International Studies, State University of New York at Buffalo: 7. 1543: 1332:(1938–2009) – Well known Marathi-English writer and poet, recipient of Sahitya Akademi Award. 1090: 1009:(1885–1919), playwright and poet who was presented the Kalpana Kuber and Bhasha Prabhu awards 878: 829:

from their own caste – Ram Maruti Maharaj(Deshpande) and "Gajanan Maharaj (Gupte)", who took

592: 577: 520:. These individuals based their opinion on the belief that no true Kshatriyas existed in the 419: 123: 3167: 2217: 2190: 5116: 4226: 3410:(in Marathi). Shri Lekhan Wachan Bhandar, Thokal Bhavan, Laxmi Road, Poona-30. p. 160. 3362:

Light on the path of Self Realization(Containing the life-sketch of Shri Gajanana Maharaja)

1359: 1235: 1116: 1078: 33: 3651:

Dalits and the Democratic Revolution: Dr Ambedkar and the Dalit Movement in Colonial India

8: 5191: 3086: 1371: 1094: 1060: 1012: 915: 730: 566: 565:

Takle had used the scriptures to establish their "Vedokta". Similarly, the famous jurist

525: 415: 17: 1476: 1063:, social reformer and the chairman of the Mahad Municipality in the early 1900s. Helped 5186: 4386: 3342: 3131: 2879: 2871: 2392: 2248: 2168: 2104: 2057: 1877: 1294: 1054: 1006: 994: 659: 220: 1776:

Communal Identity in India: Its Construction and Articulation in the Twentieth Century

1459: 380:

Studies who is the Professor of International Studies and Comparative Religion at the

5234: 5174: 4719: 4673: 4052: 3986: 3760: 3733: 3697: 3655: 3628: 3592: 3442: 3386: 3287: 3173: 3097: 3061: 3050: 2905: 2883: 2798: 2764: 2737: 2669: 2633: 2549: 2522: 2469: 2403: 2353: 2349: 2296: 2292: 2223: 2196: 2132: 1953: 1905: 1901:

Urban leadership in Western India: politics and communities in Bombay city, 1840–1885

1780: 1720: 1692: 1632: 1579: 1549: 1324: 931: 866: 784: 772: 723: 537: 461: 402: 365:(charge of foreign department). According to Historian and researcher S.Muley, these 91: 2658: 1990: 536:

against other communities – Prabhu communities (CKP, Pathare Prabhu), Saraswats and

508:(all six karmas of the Brahmin order) for which they were opposed especially by the 4451: 4166: 2863: 2345: 2288: 2032:

The Hindustani Kayasthas : The Kayastha Pathshala, and the Kayastha Conference

1752: 1320: 1308: 1226: 1171: 1145: 1129: 1068: 944: 798: 764: 549: 369:

might be the first available evidences of the existence of the CKP in Maharashtra.

87: 83: 3677:

From Concessions to Confrontation: The Politics of an Indian Untouchable Community

2192:

Caste, society and politics in India from the eighteenth century to the modern age

1676:. Center for South Asian Studies, University of Toronto, Canada. pp. 147–170. 943:(17xx-18xx)- Sanskrit, Vedic and Persian scholar; consultant to British Historian 200: 5196: 5121: 5111: 5071: 5059: 4850: 4744: 4511: 4506: 4405: 4006: 3220: 2867: 2826: 2577: 2126: 1947: 1850: 1808: 1774: 1626: 1573: 1368:

Indian politician; Member of Legislative Council at Karnataka Legislative Council

1300: 1282: 1281:, which was held only by her for over 30 years until it was matched by her niece 1193: 1151: 991:) is named after him to acknowledge his contributions to education in the region. 776: 707: 630: 473: 456: 224: 186: 3202:. Historian V.K. Rajwade Research center (mandal), Dhule, India. pp. 1–14. 5131: 5091: 4911: 4855: 4835: 4830: 4628: 4410: 3169:

Anglo-Maratha relations during the administration of Warren Hastings, 1772–1785

1189: 1165: 1110: 1093:, first finance Minister of Independent India and tenth vice chancellor of the 1074: 1064: 909: 850: 741: 715: 481: 406: 119: 67: 2047:

Studies in the Historical and cultural geography and ethnography of the Deccan

1474: 1192:(1926–2010), film actress of the 1940s and 1950s. She was the first cousin of 726:

were Brahmins, CKP, Pathare Prabhus, Marwaris, Parsis, Banias and Christians.

159: 5223: 5076: 4820: 4780: 4693: 4573: 4501: 2357: 2300: 1365: 1353: 1304: 1268: 1204: 1100: 954: 905: 896: 791: 714:

were considered backward and 50% reservation was provided for them in by the

423: 3611:

Rahul Sankrityayana, Naye Bharat ke Naye Neta, 1943, Allahabad, page 327-335

2519:

Mutiny at the margins : new perspectives on the Indian uprising of 1857

1575:

Agrarian structure, movements & peasant organisations in India, Volume 2

1277:(1936–1991), she holds the record of five wins of the Best Actress award at 934:

out of India in the 1750s. Later he was involved in the plot against Peshwa

5101: 5014: 4916: 4901: 4845: 4810: 4663: 4547: 4446: 4436: 1347: 1341: 1335: 1329: 1198: 1183: 940: 919: 608: 477: 318: 248: 228: 223:

and a sister caste of the Pathare Prabhu. The CKP traditionally follow the

4073:

Regional Reflections: Comparing Politics along the Region and Communities.

2545:

Creative Pasts: Historical Memory And Identity in Western India, 1700–1960

2425: 1756: 5169: 4896: 4805: 4785: 4668: 4613: 4588: 4496: 4491: 4471: 2500:

Survey of Material in Marathi on the Economic and Social History of India

1262: 1244: 692: 377: 151: 59: 3693:

The Making of Indian Secularism: Empire, Law and Christianity, 1830–1960

3346: 3135: 2875: 2172: 611:

in a debate which resulted in his composition of the siddhantavijaya in

5151: 4578: 4486: 4481: 2108: 1881: 1475:

Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu Social Club, Poona; Gupte, T. V. (1904).

1220: 935: 895:(?–1665), commander of Shivaji's forces who died defending the fort of 452: 373: 3284:

Mutiny at the margins: new perspectives on the Indian uprising of 1857

2428:

Indology and Law: Studies in the Honour or Professor J.Duncan M.Derett

1731:... CKPs. They represent a small but literate and ritually high caste. 1271:(1929–2011), ex-cabinet secretary of India and author of several books 1247:(1928–2012),Socialist party leader of India. She earned the sobriquet 825:

and other Hindu gods. Some CKPs may also be devotees of the religious

5146: 4986: 4961: 4956: 4714: 3795:"Link – Volume 16, Part 3 – Page 38". United India Periodicals. 1974. 2756: 2195:(1. Indian ed.). Cambridge : Cambridge Univ. Press. p. 79. 1208: 892: 886: 858: 810: 806: 802: 745: 521: 517: 509: 497: 366: 330: 322: 295: 194: 174: 170: 169:

Traditionally, in Maharashtra, the caste structure was headed by the

3503:. Directorate of Government of Maharashtra State. 1971. p. 119. 1154:(1916–2000), film actress of the 1940s. She was mother of actresses 5096: 5064: 5039: 5034: 4724: 4532: 3756:

Nationalism, Education and Migrant Identities: The England-returned

3364:. The Popular Book Depot, Grant Road, Bombay – 7. pp. 8, 269. 3323:

The Illustrated Weekly of India (1970), volume 91, part 3, page 15.

3052:

The Experience of Hinduism : essays on religion in Maharashtra

1316: 1278: 1252: 1104: 1048: 980: 854: 748: 719: 649: 612: 545: 513: 438: 434: 278: 257: 213: 182: 107: 3904:

The Illustrated Weekly of India (1970), volume 91, part 3, page 14

2222:(1. publ. ed.). New York: Cambridge University. p. 145. 1689:

Society and Politics in India: Essays in a Comparative Perspective

1374:

professor of molecular medicine at Case Western Reserve University

736:

According to the studies by D.L.Sheth, the former director of the

204:

or thread ceremony) and have been granted the rights to study the

5136: 5086: 5081: 5024: 5004: 4981: 4921: 4881: 4825: 4790: 4698: 4653: 4638: 4608: 4456: 4420: 4355: 2660:

The Myth of the Lokamanya: Tilak and Mass Politics in Maharashtra

2090: 2088: 1545:

Writing Caste/Writing Gender: Narrating Dalit Women's Testimonies

1213: 1132:, film director, his biggest success being the 1955 Marathi film 1034: 988: 882: 830: 768: 700: 682: 604: 553: 469: 465: 447: 443: 430: 411: 307: 303: 266: 252: 178: 163: 155: 147: 63: 2629:

The construction of minorities: cases for comparison across time

1021:(1872–1947), Marathi poet and a scholar of Sanskrit and English. 32:"CKP" redirects here. For the South Korean political party, see 5203: 5141: 5126: 5106: 5029: 4971: 4966: 4891: 4886: 4860: 4815: 4800: 4795: 4754: 4739: 4678: 4648: 4643: 4633: 4623: 4618: 4583: 4563: 4537: 4466: 4415: 4007:"Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East" 3979:

Mehta, Vijaya (2005). Gulati, Leela; Bagchi, Jasodhara (eds.).

2462:

Mehta, Vijaya (2005). Gulati, Leela; Bagchi, Jasodhara (eds.).

1571: 1522: 1288: 1256: 1159: 1141: 972: 958: 923: 842: 834: 822: 818: 686: 493: 326: 299: 3624:

Dalit Women's Education in Modern India: Double Discrimination

2085: 1251:(water lady) for her effort to bring drinking water supply to 1229:(1922–2003), Notable Politician and Former Party President of 1119:(1904–1961), Marathi writer and first female president of the 912:.He served under Sambhaji, Rajaram, Tarabai and Shahu.( -1712) 5208: 5179: 5019: 5009: 4931: 4926: 4906: 4865: 4840: 4734: 4683: 4658: 4603: 4593: 4542: 4476: 4461: 3982:

A space of her own : personal narratives of twelve women

3382:

History of Indian Literature- Western Impact, Indian Response

2900:

Fritzi-Marie Titzmann (24 October 2019). Xenia Zeiler (ed.).

2465:

A space of her own : personal narratives of twelve women

2250:

Education: readings in the processes of cultural transmission

1312: 1274: 1155: 1137: 976: 927: 862: 838: 826: 780: 711: 696: 645: 641: 600: 501: 333:

inscription around A.D. 1088 mentions the names of a certain

209: 205: 185:

and the CKPs. Other than the Brahmins, the Prabhus (CKPs and

95: 3729:

The Cloister's Pale: A Biography of the University of Mumbai

3056:. Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York Press. p. 908:- Son of Balaji avaji Chitnis. High-Ranking courtier of the 738:

Center for the Study of Developing Societies in India (CSDS)

4775: 4688: 4598: 4568: 4441: 3333:

Dhimatkar, Abhidha (16 October 2010). "The Indian Edison".

2625: 2430:. Südasien-Institut – Universität Heidelberg. p. 325. 2426:

Gunther-Dietz Sontheimer; Parameswara Aithal, eds. (1982).

2334:"Ksatriyas in the Kali Age? Gāgābhatta & His Opponents" 2277:"Ksatriyas in the Kali Age? Gāgābhatta & His Opponents" 2017:

Ancient Indian ports: with special reference to Maharashtra

1671: 633:

in Maharashtra and other regions of India, such as Baroda.

3782:

Pursuit of ideals: autobiography of a democratic socialist

2946: 1457: 1201:, actor and director on Marathi stage, television and film 673:

contested their claimed Kshatriya status in a 1916 essay,

532:

were very common and some Chitpawans, at times, initiated

4997: 3408:"Bee" Kavi: Charitra wa Kavya-charcha (Marathi biography) 2121: 2095:

Pandit, Nalini (1979). "Caste and Class in Maharashtra".

576:

against the CKP was done in depth by historians from the

71: 3779: 3914: 3912: 3910: 2968:

World Religions in Practice: A Comparative Introduction

2246:

Harold Robert Isaacs (1970). Harry M. Lindquist (ed.).

433:'s time, the so-called higher classes i.e. the Marathi 2711:

Rajaram Vinayak Oturka. Rajaram Vinayak Oturka (ed.).

2389: 2076: 1174:(1922–2009), founder of Maharashtra state unit of the 496:(considering that there are no true Kshatriyas in the 3405: 2899: 1478:

Ethnographical notes on Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu

1356:

American executive and former CEO of the ATA Airlines

1043:(1894–1986), historian, credited for discovering the 4100: 4098: 3907: 3848:(3). Bennett, Coleman & Company. July 1970: 14. 2949:

Goan Society in Transition: A Study in Social Change

2245: 1855:

Special Studies Series, State University of New York

1497:

Nineteenth Century History of Maharashtra: 1818–1857

885:'s forces who along with his brother died defending 4219: 3550:(3). Bennett, Coleman & Company. July 1970: 8. 3466:(3). Bennett, Coleman & Company. July 1970: 12. 2579:

Studies in Modern Indian History: A Regional Survey

2502:. Bharata Itihasa Samshodhaka Mandala. p. 61. 1897: 1848: 1578:. V.V. Giri National Labour Institute. p. 29. 681:, he wrote that the CKPs "provided the cement" for 401:The CKP community became more prominent during the 396: 219:More formally, in Maharashtra, they are one of the 3085: 3049: 3000:The illustrated weekly of India, volume 91, part 3 2790: 2710: 2657: 2655: 2391: 2247: 1772: 763:The mother tongue of most of the community is now 484:gave preference to CKPs in their administration. 294:The CKP claim descent from Chandrasen, an ancient 4227:"Veteran social activist Mrinal Gore passes away" 4095: 3674: 3359: 3306: 3124:Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute 2161:Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute 2128:Poona in the eighteenth century: an urban history 2034:. University of California, Berkeley. p. 17. 5221: 3752: 3083: 2757:Kumar Suresh Singh; Rajendra Behari Lal (2003). 2541: 2044: 2029: 1945: 1742: 1624: 1494: 4251: 4158:Sonal Shah (29 June 2014). G. G. Parikh (ed.). 3378: 3047: 2750: 2014: 1851:"From Reformist Princes to 'Co-operative Kings" 1350:Indian film director, producer and screenwriter 971:(18xx–1874), introduced educational reforms in 779:, while those in Maharashtra speak English and 771:they also communicate with their neighbours in 3725: 2983: 2729: 2307: 2241: 2239: 1686: 1667: 1665: 1663: 1661: 1659: 1657: 1655: 1653: 1651: 1602: 1600: 1598: 540:. however they did not come to fruition . The 189:) were the communities advanced in education. 4371: 3885: 3620: 3438:Bal Thackeray & the rise of the Shiv Sena 3282:Naregal, Veena (2013). Bates, Crispin (ed.). 3262: 3260: 3191: 3189: 2632:. University of Michigan Press. p. 222. 2582:. Institute of Historical Studies. p. 81 2517:Naregal, Veena (2013). Bates, Crispin (ed.). 2115: 1806: 1541: 487: 3683: 3266: 2784: 2715:. Municipal Corporation(Pune). p. 133. 2626:André Burguière; Raymond Grew, eds. (2001). 2062:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 1844: 1842: 1490: 1488: 1481:. University of California Libraries. Poona. 1440: 1223:(1929–2009) – Indian architect and academic. 1081:, awardee of the Frank Smart Prize from the 841:(in 1946) respectively. Many CKP clans have 652:etc. of the CKP caste. Another publication, 4131: 4129: 3839: 3837: 3225:. University of Bombay. 1925. p. 582. 3048:Zelliot, Eleanor; Berntsen, Maxine (1988). 2965: 2569: 2497: 2482: 2236: 1827: 1802: 1800: 1648: 1595: 559: 4378: 4364: 4157: 3888:Breaking Barriers: Stories of Twelve Women 3732:. Mumbai: Popular Prakashan. p. 105. 3689: 3257: 3186: 2927: 2893: 2692: 2664:. University of California Press. p. 2548:. Columbia University Press. p. 181. 2535: 2443: 1927: 1447:. Printed at the Government central Press. 1307:awardee, music composer in five languages 1079:Jagannath Shankarseth Sanskrit Scholarship 4044: 3939: 3937: 3935: 3933: 3881: 3879: 3441:. New Delhi: Roli Books Private limited. 3434: 3332: 3172:. Bombay: Popular Prakashan. p. 10. 3117: 3115: 3113: 2491: 2331: 2274: 2081:. Columbia University Press. p. 159. 1867: 1839: 1672:Milton Israel and N.K.Wagle, ed. (1987). 1611:. Oxford University Press. p. 2083. 1518: 1516: 1514: 1512: 1510: 1485: 1089:held in London, first Indian Governor of 4126: 3834: 3246:The Bombay University Calendar, Volume 1 3222:The Bombay University Calendar, Volume 2 2131:. Oxford University Press. p. 112. 2070: 1904:. Oxford University Press. p. 225. 1813:. National Publishing House. p. 5. 1797: 1779:. Oxford University Press. p. 138. 1606: 1572:Sulabha Brahme, Ashok Upadhyaya (2004). 1523:K.P.Bahadur, Sukhdev Singh Chib (1981). 1395: 1393: 1176:All India Democratic Women's Association 623: 265:, an ancient name for the region around 138:) or historically and commonly known as 4048:The Hindu Nationalist Movement in India 3584: 3286:. Los Angeles: SAGE. pp. 167–186. 3281: 3269:Shri Narayan Jagannatha Vaidya in Amrut 3238: 3236: 3215: 3213: 2704: 2686: 2521:. Los Angeles: SAGE. pp. 167–186. 2516: 2370: 2313: 1691:. Oxford University Press. p. 48. 1525:The Castes, Tribes and Culture of India 313: 310:family of the lunar Kshatriya Dynasty. 154:. Historically, they made equally good 14: 5222: 3930: 3918: 3876: 3647: 3242: 3121: 3110: 3012: 2600: 2419: 2215: 2158: 2094: 1939: 1507: 1240:Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army 4359: 3978: 3943: 3148: 2853: 2824: 2656:Richard I. Cashman (1 January 1975). 2461: 2270: 2268: 2188: 1714: 1390: 669:When the prominent Marathi historian 376:and scholar of Religious Studies and 247:, which means from the valley of the 4135: 3828:"Freedom fighter Datta Tamhane dead" 3233: 3210: 3092:. Oxford University Press. pp. 2988:. Rawat Publishers. pp. 97, 99. 2970:. John Wiley and Sons. p. 146. 2904:. Taylor & Francis. p. 59. 2797:. Popular Prakashan. pp. 398–. 2763:. Popular Prakashan. pp. 283–. 2375:. Shubhi publications. p. 204. 2332:Deshpande, Madhav (1 January 2010). 2275:Deshpande, Madhav (1 January 2010). 1077:(1896–1982), first recipient of the 1037:community in the early 20th century. 429:In 17th-century Maharashtra, during 54:Regions with significant populations 4106:"DnaIndia mumbai report (Dec 2013)" 3844:"The Illustrated Weekly of India". 3546:"The Illustrated Weekly of India". 3462:"The Illustrated Weekly of India". 3165: 2992: 2856:Journal of Anthropological Research 2575: 2318:. Shubhi Publications. p. 30. 1674:Religion and Society in Maharashtra 1458:Jogendra Nath Bhattacharya (1896). 1441:Commissioner, India Census (1903). 414:'s generals and ministers, such as 321:evidences i.e. engravings from the 255:. This theory states that the word 49:Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu (CKP) 24: 4385: 3944:Gupte, Pranay (30 December 2010). 3654:. SAGE Publications. p. 138. 3591:. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. 2265: 2023: 2008: 1949:Religions and communities of India 1628:Religions and communities of India 987:(popularly known as NJV School in 922:Peshwa responsible for conquering 865:were the first communities in the 29:Ethno-religious clan of South Asia 25: 5261: 5230:Prabhu Communities of Maharashtra 4136:kule, mukund (14 February 2020). 4075:Oxford University Press. p. 164. 3780:Ganesh Prabhakar Pradhan (2005). 3088:Urban leadership in western India 2951:. Popular Prakashan. p. 61. 1527:. ESS Publications. p. 161. 930:and repelling the Durrani ruler, 872: 569:also supported the CKPs Vedokta. 4343: 4283: 4245: 4215:Frontline Article on Mrinal Gore 4208: 4151: 4112: 4082: 4065: 4038: 4029: 3999: 3972: 3963: 3898: 3820: 3759:. Oxon: Routledge. p. 129. 3679:. popular prakashan. p. 91. 3648:Omvedt, Gail (30 January 1994). 3385:. Sahitya Akademi. p. 324. 2930:Bombay: Social Change, 1813–1857 2828:Maharashtra, Land and Its People 2350:10.1163/001972410X12686674794853 2293:10.1163/001972410X12686674794853 2103:(7/8 (February 1979)): 425–436. 703:for whom it was strikingly low. 689:(self-rule) "with their blood". 504:rituals (all by themselves) and 397:Deccan sultanate and Maratha Era 243:may be a corruption of the word 3788: 3773: 3746: 3719: 3710: 3668: 3641: 3614: 3605: 3588:Research Methodology in History 3578: 3539: 3507: 3491: 3455: 3428: 3414: 3399: 3372: 3353: 3326: 3317: 3300: 3275: 3159: 3142: 3077: 3041: 3006: 2977: 2959: 2947:Bento Graciano D'Souza (1975). 2940: 2921: 2847: 2818: 2723: 2695:Bombay: Social Change 1813–1857 2649: 2619: 2594: 2510: 2455: 2437: 2390:Govind Sadashiv Ghurye (1969). 2383: 2364: 2325: 2209: 2182: 2152: 2077:Christian Lee Noverzke (2016). 2038: 1983: 1973: 1930:Bombay: Social Change 1813–1857 1921: 1891: 1861: 1832:. kirti prakashan. p. 20. 1821: 1766: 1736: 1715:Kurtz, Donald (1 August 1997). 1708: 1680: 1413: 1403: 869:that allowed female education. 585:Indian professor of sociology, 4160:"Janata weekly,Vol. 69 No. 22" 4045:Jaffrelot, Christophe (1996). 3890:. LeftWord Books. p. 10. 3621:Shailaja Paik (11 July 2014). 3406:Nirmala Anant Kanekar (1972). 3243:Bombay, University of (1908). 3149:Relia, Anil (12 August 2014). 2398:. Popular Prakashan. pp. 1810:Growing Up in an Urban Complex 1618: 1565: 1535: 1468: 1451: 1434: 1101:Dattatreya Balakrishna Tamhane 807:sacred thread (Janeu) ceremony 13: 1: 5245:Ethnoreligious groups in Asia 4401:Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu 4051:. Columbia University Press. 3985:. London: Sage. p. 181. 3514:"Vanyajāti – Volume 19": 125. 3335:Economic and Political Weekly 2736:. Penguin Books. p. 28. 2733:The Great Indian Middle class 2604:Economic and Political Weekly 2468:. London: SAGE. p. 181. 2097:Economic and Political Weekly 1870:Economic and Political Weekly 1830:Rajarshi Shahu: a model ruler 1378: 1295:Shashikumar Madhusudan Chitre 985:Narayan Jagannath High School 132:Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu 36:. For the engine sensor, see 5240:Social groups of Maharashtra 4078:chief minister Kailash Joshi 3166:Sen, Sailendra Nath (1961). 2868:10.3998/jar.0521004.0065.404 2794:People of India: Maharashtra 2254:. Houghton Mifflin. p. 1952:. Vision Books. p. 88. 1898:Christine E. Dobbin (1972). 1849:Donald B. Rosenthal (1973). 1631:. Vision Books. p. 98. 1548:. Zubaan Books. p. 28. 1123:. Wife of the Marathi poet, 790:According to anthropologist 783:with outsiders, and use the 729:In Pune, the descendents of 679:Gramanyachya Sadhyant Itihas 671:Vishwanath Kashinath Rajwade 234: 7: 4296:. p. 2. Archived from 4165:. p. 8. Archived from 3435:Purandare, Vaibhav (2012). 2791:Kumar Suresh Singh (2004). 1773:Bidyut Chakrabarty (2003). 899:against the Mughals in 1665 146:is a caste mainly found in 10: 5266: 4998:Immigrant Jain communities 4071:Rob Jenkins (2004) :- 3675:Jayashree Gokhale (1993). 3307:Surendra Nath Sen (1949). 1269:Bhalchandra Gopal Deshmukh 1211:and founder-editor of the 918:(1735–1779), a General of 881:(1615–1660), commander of 758: 488:Varna dispute and Gramanya 372:According to the American 284: 166:in Maharashtrian history. 38:Crankshaft position sensor 31: 5162: 5052: 4944: 4874: 4768: 4707: 4556: 4520: 4429: 4393: 4120:"Nagpur Today (Nov 2014)" 3753:Sumita Mukherjee (2010). 3084:Christine Dobbin (1972). 2542:Prachi Deshpande (2007). 2371:Gokhale, Sandhya (2008). 2314:Gokhale, Sandhya (2008). 2123:Balkrishna Govind Gokhale 2045:S.Muley,M.A.,PhD (1972). 2030:Lucy Carol Stout (1976). 1946:Pran Nath Chopra (1982). 1625:Pran Nath Chopra (1982). 1495:B. R. Sunthankar (1988). 957:of the princely state of 951:Lakshman Jagannath Vaidya 744:, South Indian Brahmins, 325:times have been found in 289: 261:originates from the term 118: 113: 106: 101: 82: 77: 58: 53: 4430:Agricultural communities 3921:"सीकेपी तितुका मेळवावा!" 3696:. Springer. p. 66. 3379:Sisir Kumar Das (1991). 2760:People of India: Gujarat 2216:Gordon, Stewart (1993). 2015:Sharad Hebalkar (2001). 1745:American Economic Review 1362:Indian literary activist 1330:Dilip Purushottam Chitre 1207:(1926–2012), founder of 1180:Communist Party of India 1125:Atmaram Ravaji Deshpande 1121:Marathi Sahitya Sammelan 1045:true portrait of Shivaji 1031:Shankar Ramchandra Bhise 969:Narayan Jagannath Vaidya 941:Vithal Sakharam Parasnis 664:Indian rebellion of 1857 560:Scholarly interpretation 382:University of Washington 269:. The word Prabhu means 4331:Cite magazine requires 4196:Cite magazine requires 4088:Christophe Jaffrelote. 3808:Cite magazine requires 3726:Aruṇa Ṭikekara (2006). 3690:Chatterjee, N. (2011). 3500:Language and Literature 3360:Nagesh Vasudeo Gunaji. 3152:The Indian Portrait III 3029:Cite magazine requires 2984:Dr.Neela Dabir (2000). 2730:Pavan K. Varma (2007). 2713:Poona: Look and Outlook 2394:Caste and Race in India 1995:www.merriam-webster.com 1687:André Béteille (1992). 1083:University of Cambridge 1041:Vasudeo Sitaram Bendrey 1019:Narayan Murlidhar Gupte 1001:Mahadev Bhaskar Chaubal 512:. At times, there were 361:(Head of treasury) and 345:(head of military) and 212:rituals along with the 4730:Gomantak Maratha Samaj 4521:Mercantile communities 4315:near legendary honesty 4271:Cite journal requires 3886:Parvati Menon (2004). 3864:Cite journal requires 3566:Cite journal requires 3527:Cite journal requires 3479:Cite journal requires 3002:. 1970. pp. 6–13. 2932:. Popular Book Depot. 2219:The Marathas 1600–1818 1991:"Definition of PRABHU" 1807:Champa Aphale (1976). 1542:Sharmila Rege (2013). 1461:Hindu Castes And Sects 1231:Bharatiya Janata Party 1136:. Father of actresses 1025:Prabodhankar Thackeray 675:Prabodhankar Thackeray 621: 587:Govind Sadashiv Ghurye 476:etc., The Gaekwads of 394: 386:Christian Lee Novetzke 5072:Maharashtrian Muslims 4528:Gaud Saraswat Brahmin 4256:Mr. Bhai Vaidya, Pune 3946:"Alone and forgotten" 3267:J.D.Ranadive (1978). 2446:Bombay: Social Change 2189:Bayly, Susan (2000). 1757:10.1257/aer.96.4.1225 1719:. Brill. p. 68. 1444:Census of India, 1901 1420:Sai Baba of Shirdi... 1344:Indian administration 906:Khando Ballal Chitnis 879:Baji Prabhu Deshpande 624:British era and later 597: 593:University of Toronto 578:University of Toronto 424:Khando Ballal Chitnis 420:Baji Prabhu Deshpande 389: 124:Gaud Saraswat Brahmin 114:Related ethnic groups 3585:Chitnis, KN (1990). 2966:Paul Gwynne (2017). 2825:Karve, I.K. (1968). 2611:(31/33): 1418–1419. 2498:V.D Divekar (1981). 2338:Indo-Iranian Journal 2281:Indo-Iranian Journal 1828:V. B. Ghuge (1994). 1360:Madhu Mangesh Karnik 1236:Arun Shridhar Vaidya 1117:Kusumavati Deshpande 926:on the banks of the 797:The CKPs holds the 314:High medieval period 140:Chandraseniya Prabhu 34:Creative Korea Party 5192:Bombay East Indians 4875:Nomadic communities 4557:Artisan communities 4011:South Asia Bulletin 3271:. pp. 123–125. 2697:. p. 166,167. 2448:. p. 166,167. 1609:India's communities 1372:Sadashiva S. Karnik 1338:Indian Armed forces 1263:Bhalachandra Vaidya 1238:(1926–1986 ), 13th 1095:University of Delhi 1061:Surendranath Tipnis 1013:Shankar Abaji Bhise 916:Sakharam Hari Gupte 893:Murarbaji Deshpande 753:Indian independence 731:Sakharam Hari Gupte 567:Ramshastri Prabhune 526:Ramshastri Prabhune 480:and the Bhosale of 416:Murarbaji Deshpande 363:Mahasandhivigrahika 227:, as propounded by 50: 5187:Marathi Christians 5117:Muslim Chhaparband 5053:Muslim communities 4769:Tribal communities 4708:Priest communities 4303:on 9 December 2018 2576:Sen, S.P. (1969). 1221:Anant Damodar Raje 1134:Shirdi che Saibaba 1055:Gangadhar Adhikari 1007:Ram Ganesh Gadkari 995:Rango Bapuji Gupte 660:Rango Bapuji Gupte 638:Prabhu Kul Deepika 357:(prime minister), 353:is mentioned as a 349:(prime minister); 341:is mentioned as a 221:Prabhu Communities 192:The CKPs have the 48: 5217: 5216: 5175:Marathi Buddhists 5163:Other communities 5048: 5047: 4940: 4939: 4394:Hindu Communities 4142:Maharashtra Times 4058:978-0-231-10335-0 3992:978-0-7619-3315-1 3739:978-81-7991-293-5 3598:978-81-7156-121-6 3179:978-81-7154-578-0 3103:978-0-19-821841-8 2986:women in distress 2911:978-1-351-60732-2 2804:978-81-7991-100-6 2770:978-81-7991-104-4 2555:978-0-231-12486-7 2202:978-0-521-79842-6 2138:978-0-19-562137-2 1786:978-0-19-566330-3 1607:KS Singh (1998). 1585:978-81-7827-064-7 1555:978-93-83074-67-9 1186:'s younger sister 932:Ahmad Shah Abdali 867:Bombay Presidency 785:Devanagari script 724:Bombay Presidency 615:.He prepared the 538:Shukla Yajurvedis 462:Chitpavan Brahmin 403:Deccan sultanates 129: 128: 16:(Redirected from 5257: 4995: 4994: 4945:Jain communities 4427: 4426: 4380: 4373: 4366: 4357: 4356: 4350: 4347: 4341: 4340: 4334: 4329: 4327: 4319: 4310: 4308: 4302: 4295: 4287: 4281: 4280: 4274: 4269: 4267: 4259: 4249: 4243: 4242: 4240: 4238: 4223: 4217: 4212: 4206: 4205: 4199: 4194: 4192: 4184: 4179: 4177: 4172:on 18 March 2018 4171: 4164: 4155: 4149: 4148: 4133: 4124: 4123: 4116: 4110: 4109: 4102: 4093: 4086: 4080: 4069: 4063: 4062: 4042: 4036: 4033: 4027: 4026: 4024: 4022: 4003: 3997: 3996: 3976: 3970: 3967: 3961: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3941: 3928: 3927: 3916: 3905: 3902: 3896: 3895: 3883: 3874: 3873: 3867: 3862: 3860: 3852: 3841: 3832: 3831: 3824: 3818: 3817: 3811: 3806: 3804: 3796: 3792: 3786: 3785: 3777: 3771: 3770: 3750: 3744: 3743: 3723: 3717: 3714: 3708: 3707: 3687: 3681: 3680: 3672: 3666: 3665: 3645: 3639: 3638: 3618: 3612: 3609: 3603: 3602: 3582: 3576: 3575: 3569: 3564: 3562: 3554: 3543: 3537: 3536: 3530: 3525: 3523: 3515: 3511: 3505: 3504: 3495: 3489: 3488: 3482: 3477: 3475: 3467: 3459: 3453: 3452: 3432: 3426: 3425: 3418: 3412: 3411: 3403: 3397: 3396: 3376: 3370: 3369: 3357: 3351: 3350: 3330: 3324: 3321: 3315: 3314: 3304: 3298: 3297: 3279: 3273: 3272: 3264: 3255: 3254: 3240: 3231: 3230: 3217: 3208: 3207: 3193: 3184: 3183: 3163: 3157: 3156: 3146: 3140: 3139: 3119: 3108: 3107: 3091: 3081: 3075: 3074: 3055: 3045: 3039: 3038: 3032: 3027: 3025: 3017: 3010: 3004: 3003: 2996: 2990: 2989: 2981: 2975: 2974: 2963: 2957: 2956: 2944: 2938: 2937: 2928:Vijaya Gupchup. 2925: 2919: 2918: 2902:Digital Hinduism 2897: 2891: 2890: 2851: 2845: 2844: 2838: 2836: 2822: 2816: 2815: 2813: 2811: 2788: 2782: 2781: 2779: 2777: 2754: 2748: 2747: 2727: 2721: 2720: 2708: 2702: 2701: 2693:Vijaya Gupchup. 2690: 2684: 2683: 2663: 2653: 2647: 2646: 2623: 2617: 2616: 2598: 2592: 2591: 2589: 2587: 2573: 2567: 2566: 2564: 2562: 2539: 2533: 2532: 2514: 2508: 2507: 2495: 2489: 2486: 2480: 2479: 2459: 2453: 2452: 2444:Vijaya Gupchup. 2441: 2435: 2434: 2423: 2417: 2416: 2397: 2387: 2381: 2380: 2368: 2362: 2361: 2329: 2323: 2322: 2311: 2305: 2304: 2272: 2263: 2262: 2253: 2243: 2234: 2233: 2213: 2207: 2206: 2186: 2180: 2179: 2156: 2150: 2149: 2147: 2145: 2119: 2113: 2112: 2092: 2083: 2082: 2074: 2068: 2067: 2061: 2053: 2042: 2036: 2035: 2027: 2021: 2020: 2012: 2006: 2005: 2003: 2001: 1987: 1981: 1977: 1971: 1970: 1968: 1966: 1943: 1937: 1936: 1928:Vijaya Gupchup. 1925: 1919: 1918: 1895: 1889: 1888: 1865: 1859: 1858: 1846: 1837: 1836: 1825: 1819: 1818: 1804: 1795: 1794: 1770: 1764: 1763: 1751:(4): 1225–1252. 1740: 1734: 1733: 1712: 1706: 1705: 1684: 1678: 1677: 1669: 1646: 1645: 1622: 1616: 1615: 1604: 1593: 1592: 1569: 1563: 1562: 1539: 1533: 1532: 1520: 1505: 1504: 1492: 1483: 1482: 1472: 1466: 1465: 1455: 1449: 1448: 1438: 1421: 1417: 1411: 1407: 1401: 1397: 1227:Kushabhau Thakre 1178:. Leader of the 1172:Ahilya Rangnekar 1146:Shobhana Samarth 1130:Kumarsen Samarth 1069:Mahad Satyagraha 945:James Grant Duff 572:The analysis of 550:Balaji Pant Natu 339:Lakshmana Prabhu 51: 47: 21: 5265: 5264: 5260: 5259: 5258: 5256: 5255: 5254: 5220: 5219: 5218: 5213: 5197:Koli Christians 5158: 5122:Muslim Raj Gond 5097:Deccani Muslims 5060:Konkani Muslims 5044: 4993: 4936: 4870: 4764: 4703: 4552: 4516: 4425: 4406:Marathi Brahmin 4389: 4384: 4354: 4353: 4348: 4344: 4333:|magazine= 4332: 4330: 4321: 4320: 4306: 4304: 4300: 4293: 4291:"Janata Weekly" 4289: 4288: 4284: 4272: 4270: 4261: 4260: 4250: 4246: 4236: 4234: 4225: 4224: 4220: 4213: 4209: 4198:|magazine= 4197: 4195: 4186: 4185: 4175: 4173: 4169: 4162: 4156: 4152: 4134: 4127: 4118: 4117: 4113: 4104: 4103: 4096: 4087: 4083: 4070: 4066: 4059: 4043: 4039: 4034: 4030: 4020: 4018: 4005: 4004: 4000: 3993: 3977: 3973: 3968: 3964: 3954: 3952: 3942: 3931: 3917: 3908: 3903: 3899: 3884: 3877: 3865: 3863: 3854: 3853: 3843: 3842: 3835: 3826: 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Prabhus 777:Gujarati script 761: 708:Pathare Prabhus 631:princely states 626: 562: 490: 457:Pathare Prabhus 399: 343:MahaDandanayaka 316: 292: 287: 245:Chandrashreniya 237: 225:Advaita Vedanta 187:Pathare Prabhus 46: 41: 30: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5263: 5253: 5252: 5250:Marathi people 5247: 5242: 5237: 5232: 5215: 5214: 5212: 5211: 5206: 5201: 5200: 5199: 5194: 5184: 5183: 5182: 5172: 5166: 5164: 5160: 5159: 5157: 5156: 5155: 5154: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5104: 5099: 5094: 5089: 5084: 5079: 5069: 5068: 5067: 5056: 5054: 5050: 5049: 5046: 5045: 5043: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5001: 4999: 4992: 4991: 4990: 4989: 4984: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4948: 4946: 4942: 4941: 4938: 4937: 4935: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4914: 4909: 4904: 4899: 4894: 4889: 4884: 4878: 4876: 4872: 4871: 4869: 4868: 4863: 4858: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4813: 4808: 4803: 4798: 4793: 4788: 4783: 4778: 4772: 4770: 4766: 4765: 4763: 4762: 4757: 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T. Ranadive 1108: 1098: 1075:C. D. Deshmukh 1072: 1058: 1052: 1038: 1028: 1022: 1016: 1010: 1004: 998: 992: 966: 948: 938: 913: 910:Maratha Empire 903: 900: 890: 874: 873:Notable people 871: 837:(in 1919) and 775:, and use the 760: 757: 742:Nagar Brahmins 716:princely state 654:Kayastha-mitra 625: 622: 561: 558: 489: 486: 398: 395: 315: 312: 291: 288: 286: 283: 236: 233: 127: 126: 120:Pathare Prabhu 116: 115: 111: 110: 104: 103: 99: 98: 80: 79: 75: 74: 68:Madhya Pradesh 56: 55: 44: 28: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5262: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5227: 5225: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5202: 5198: 5195: 5193: 5190: 5189: 5188: 5185: 5181: 5178: 5177: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5167: 5165: 5161: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5098: 5095: 5093: 5090: 5088: 5085: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5074: 5073: 5070: 5066: 5063: 5062: 5061: 5058: 5057: 5055: 5051: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5002: 5000: 4996: 4988: 4985: 4983: 4980: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4954: 4953: 4952:Marathi Jains 4950: 4949: 4947: 4943: 4933: 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4918: 4915: 4913: 4910: 4908: 4905: 4903: 4900: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4890: 4888: 4885: 4883: 4880: 4879: 4877: 4873: 4867: 4864: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4804: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4784: 4782: 4779: 4777: 4774: 4773: 4771: 4767: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4721: 4718: 4716: 4713: 4712: 4710: 4706: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4694:Twashta Kasar 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4672: 4670: 4667: 4665: 4662: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4652: 4650: 4647: 4645: 4642: 4640: 4637: 4635: 4632: 4630: 4627: 4625: 4622: 4620: 4617: 4615: 4612: 4610: 4607: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4597: 4595: 4594:Dhobi (Parit) 4592: 4590: 4587: 4585: 4582: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4561: 4559: 4555: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4539: 4536: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4525: 4523: 4519: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4473: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4434: 4432: 4428: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4402: 4399: 4398: 4396: 4392: 4388: 4381: 4376: 4374: 4369: 4367: 4362: 4361: 4358: 4346: 4338: 4325: 4324:cite magazine 4318: 4316: 4299: 4292: 4286: 4278: 4265: 4258: 4257: 4248: 4232: 4228: 4222: 4216: 4211: 4203: 4190: 4189:cite magazine 4183: 4168: 4161: 4154: 4147: 4143: 4139: 4132: 4130: 4121: 4115: 4107: 4101: 4099: 4091: 4085: 4079: 4074: 4068: 4060: 4054: 4050: 4049: 4041: 4032: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4002: 3994: 3988: 3984: 3983: 3975: 3966: 3951: 3947: 3940: 3938: 3936: 3934: 3926: 3922: 3915: 3913: 3911: 3901: 3894: 3889: 3882: 3880: 3871: 3858: 3851: 3847: 3840: 3838: 3829: 3823: 3815: 3802: 3801:cite magazine 3791: 3784:. p. 88. 3783: 3776: 3768: 3766:9781135271138 3762: 3758: 3757: 3749: 3741: 3735: 3731: 3730: 3722: 3713: 3705: 3703:9780230298088 3699: 3695: 3694: 3686: 3678: 3671: 3663: 3661:9788132119838 3657: 3653: 3652: 3644: 3636: 3634:9781317673309 3630: 3627:. Routledge. 3626: 3625: 3617: 3608: 3600: 3594: 3590: 3589: 3581: 3573: 3560: 3553: 3549: 3542: 3534: 3521: 3510: 3502: 3501: 3494: 3486: 3473: 3465: 3458: 3450: 3448:9788174369581 3444: 3440: 3439: 3431: 3423: 3417: 3409: 3402: 3394: 3392:9788172010065 3388: 3384: 3383: 3375: 3368: 3363: 3356: 3348: 3344: 3341:(42): 67–74. 3340: 3336: 3329: 3320: 3312: 3311: 3303: 3295: 3293:9788132109709 3289: 3285: 3278: 3270: 3263: 3261: 3253: 3248: 3247: 3239: 3237: 3229: 3224: 3223: 3216: 3214: 3206: 3201: 3198: 3192: 3190: 3181: 3175: 3171: 3170: 3162: 3154: 3153: 3145: 3137: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3118: 3116: 3114: 3105: 3099: 3095: 3090: 3089: 3080: 3073: 3069: 3067:9780887066627 3063: 3059: 3054: 3053: 3044: 3036: 3023: 3022:cite magazine 3016: 3009: 3001: 2995: 2987: 2980: 2973: 2969: 2962: 2955: 2950: 2943: 2936: 2931: 2924: 2917: 2913: 2907: 2903: 2896: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2850: 2843: 2830: 2829: 2821: 2806: 2800: 2796: 2795: 2787: 2772: 2766: 2762: 2761: 2753: 2745: 2743:9780143103257 2739: 2735: 2734: 2726: 2719: 2714: 2707: 2700: 2696: 2689: 2682: 2677: 2675:9780520024076 2671: 2667: 2662: 2661: 2652: 2645: 2641: 2635: 2631: 2630: 2622: 2615: 2610: 2606: 2605: 2597: 2581: 2580: 2572: 2557: 2551: 2547: 2546: 2538: 2530: 2528:9788132109709 2524: 2520: 2513: 2506: 2501: 2494: 2485: 2477: 2475:9780761933151 2471: 2467: 2466: 2458: 2451: 2447: 2440: 2433: 2429: 2422: 2415: 2411: 2409:9788171542055 2405: 2401: 2396: 2395: 2386: 2379: 2374: 2373:The Chitpwans 2367: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2347: 2344:(2): 95–120. 2343: 2339: 2335: 2328: 2321: 2317: 2316:The Chitpwans 2310: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2287:(2): 95–120. 2286: 2282: 2278: 2271: 2269: 2261: 2257: 2252: 2251: 2242: 2240: 2231: 2229:9780521268837 2225: 2221: 2220: 2212: 2204: 2198: 2194: 2193: 2185: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2155: 2140: 2134: 2130: 2129: 2124: 2118: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2091: 2089: 2080: 2073: 2065: 2059: 2052: 2048: 2041: 2033: 2026: 2019:. p. 87. 2018: 2011: 1996: 1992: 1986: 1976: 1961: 1959:9780391027480 1955: 1951: 1950: 1942: 1935: 1931: 1924: 1917: 1913: 1911:9780198218418 1907: 1903: 1902: 1894: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1864: 1856: 1852: 1845: 1843: 1835: 1831: 1824: 1817: 1812: 1811: 1803: 1801: 1793: 1788: 1782: 1778: 1777: 1769: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1739: 1732: 1728: 1722: 1718: 1711: 1704: 1700: 1694: 1690: 1683: 1675: 1668: 1666: 1664: 1662: 1660: 1658: 1656: 1654: 1652: 1644: 1640: 1638:9780391027480 1634: 1630: 1629: 1621: 1614: 1610: 1603: 1601: 1599: 1591: 1587: 1581: 1577: 1576: 1568: 1561: 1557: 1551: 1547: 1546: 1538: 1531: 1526: 1519: 1517: 1515: 1513: 1511: 1503: 1498: 1491: 1489: 1480: 1479: 1471: 1463: 1462: 1454: 1446: 1445: 1437: 1433: 1430: 1429: 1416: 1406: 1396: 1394: 1389: 1386: 1385: 1373: 1370: 1367: 1366:Ganesh Karnik 1364: 1361: 1358: 1355: 1354:Subodh Karnik 1352: 1349: 1346: 1343: 1340: 1337: 1334: 1331: 1328: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1305:Padma Bhushan 1302: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1287: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1273: 1270: 1267: 1264: 1261: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1249:Paaniwali Bai 1246: 1243: 1241: 1237: 1234: 1232: 1228: 1225: 1222: 1219: 1216: 1215: 1210: 1206: 1205:Bal Thackeray 1203: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1191: 1188: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1150: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1102: 1099: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1053: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1039: 1036: 1032: 1029: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1017: 1014: 1011: 1008: 1005: 1002: 999: 996: 993: 990: 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 967: 964: 960: 956: 955:Dewan Bahadur 952: 949: 946: 942: 939: 937: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 914: 911: 907: 904: 901: 898: 894: 891: 888: 884: 880: 877: 876: 870: 868: 864: 860: 856: 852: 846: 844: 840: 836: 832: 828: 824: 820: 817:They worship 815: 812: 808: 804: 800: 795: 793: 792:Iravati Karve 788: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 756: 754: 750: 747: 743: 739: 734: 732: 727: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 704: 702: 698: 694: 690: 688: 684: 680: 676: 672: 667: 665: 661: 657: 655: 651: 647: 643: 639: 634: 632: 620: 618: 614: 610: 609:dharmasastras 606: 602: 596: 594: 590: 588: 583: 579: 575: 570: 568: 557: 555: 551: 547: 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 499: 495: 485: 483: 479: 475: 471: 467: 463: 458: 454: 449: 445: 440: 436: 432: 427: 425: 421: 417: 413: 408: 404: 393: 388: 387: 383: 379: 375: 370: 368: 364: 360: 356: 352: 351:Ananta-Prabhu 348: 344: 340: 336: 332: 328: 324: 320: 311: 309: 305: 301: 297: 282: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 259: 254: 250: 246: 242: 241:Chandraseniya 232: 230: 226: 222: 217: 215: 211: 207: 203: 202: 197: 196: 190: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 167: 165: 161: 157: 153: 149: 145: 141: 137: 133: 125: 121: 117: 112: 109: 105: 100: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 76: 73: 69: 65: 61: 57: 52: 43: 39: 35: 27: 19: 5015:Jaiswal Jain 4917:Phase Pardhi 4750:Kudaldeshkar 4548:Vaishya Vani 4400: 4345: 4314: 4312: 4305:. 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Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu

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