47:
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268:, credit funds and infrastructure. As of 31 December 2021, the funds managed or advised by CVC are invested in more than 100 companies worldwide, employing over 450,000 people in numerous countries. CVC was founded in 1981 and, as of 31 March 2022, has over 850 employees working across its network of 25 offices throughout EMEA, Asia and the Americas.
592:
after it charged the former Dutch portfolio company of the two firms, Meneba Beheer, with breaking competition rules through price fixing. The Dutch regulator ruled that the two firms must pay between €450,000 and €1.5 million after Meneba Beheer, which was itself fined €9 million by the authority,
676:
in a deal worth US$ 4.4bn. The two-part deal would see the US media group buy 18.7 per cent of the F1 parent company Delta Topco for $ 746mn in cash from a consortium of shareholders led by CVC. In 2017, a second payment of $ 354mn in cash and $ 3.3bn in newly issued shares in a
Liberty Media
452:
to form an independent private equity firm, CVC Capital
Partners. In 1996, Rob Lucas, who would go on to be the firm's lead managing partner in the 2020s, joined the firm. In 2006, the US arm of Citigroup Venture Capital also spun out of the bank to form a new firm, known as
493:
By 2000, CVC was one of the largest and best known private equity firms in Europe. In 2001, CVC completed fundraising for its third investment fund, which was the largest private equity fund raised in Europe at the time, just ahead of funds raised by other leading firms,
280:
PEI 300 ranking of the largest private equity firms in the world, but fell to 15th in the 2023 ranking. However, by 2024, CVC had risen back to fourth in the rankings. In 2023, it raised the largest ever raised private equity fund globally at €26 billion.
807:
In
February 2024 CVC raised $ 6.8 billion for its sixth Asia fund, its largest to date in the region and 50% larger than the previous $ 4.5 billion fund raised in 2020. Donald Mackenzie, another co-founder, stepped back from the firm in February 2024.
1590:
263:
and investment advisory firm with approximately €186 billion of assets under management and approximately €157 billion in secured commitments since inception across
American, European, and Asian private equity,
423:
2274:
1691:
1363:
3799:
1598:
1735:
559:"to borrow £500m on the basis of The AA's assets in order to pay themselves a dividend." The AA responded that they were "happy to have a reasoned conversation with Mr Prosser."
3633:
1932:
480:
and investments in mature businesses. CVC would follow up with its second fund in 1996, it is first fully independent of
Citibank, with $ 840 million of capital commitments.
596:
In
February 2015, CVC made its first investment from CVC Growth Partners in Wireless Logic, Europe's largest machine-to-machine managed service provider, acquiring it from
3211:
1896:
416:
704:
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2250:
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444:, Donald Mackenzie, Iain Parham, and Rolly Van Rappard. In 1993, Smith and the senior investment professionals of Citicorp Venture Capital negotiated a
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1217:
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589:
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811:
On 26 April 2024, CVC listed its shares on the
Euronext Amsterdam stock exchange, opening at €17.34. The total offering size was €2.3 billion.
3280:
292:
1878:
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Following the spinoff, CVC raised its first investment fund with $ 300 million of commitments, half coming from
Citicorp and the rest from
2510:
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In
January 2013, Smith retired from the role of chairman and Koltes, Mackenzie and Van Rappard were appointed co-chairmen of the group.
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502:. Also, around the same time, CVC expanded into Asia with a $ 750 million fund focusing exclusively on investments in Asian companies.
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for £4.5 billion. It included 34 tea brands. The deal also included tea estates in three countries and 11 factories.
476:
and institutional investors. Now independent, CVC also completed its transition from venture capital investments to
2732:
1472:
677:
tracking stock saw
Liberty Media assume full control of Formula One once the deal was approved by regulators, the
3288:
3265:
1667:"A price too high to be refused: CVC Acquires 80% of Sky Bet for £720m – BSIC | Bocconi Students Investment Club"
1620:
310:
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in 1982, was leading Citicorp Venture Capital in Europe along with other managing directors Steven Koltes,
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17:
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582:, Bob Fernley, accused CVC of "raping the sport" during the period of its involvement in Formula One.
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was involved in a collective agreement with competitors to keep prices stable between 2001 and 2007.
588:
In January 2015, CVC Capital Partners and Bencis Capital Partners were sentenced to pay fines by the
473:
1525:
797:
stock exchange in 2022. The float was delayed, citing market disruption caused by inflation and the
4129:
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4027:
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63:
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804:
In December 2023, CVC acquired a Japanese pharmacy operator, Sogo Medical, for $ 1.2 billion.
801:. The deal was further postponed in 2023. The chief executive of the firm would be Rob Lucas.
4352:
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In September 2016, CVC Capital Partners agreed to sell control of the Formula One Group to
619:
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8:
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794:
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77:
2251:"Final close of CVC Strategic Opportunities II at €4.6 billion, surpassing its target"
1338:
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4012:
4007:
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2435:
1427:
1389:"CVC co-founder Donald Mackenzie, who led the F1 buyout, bows out before planned IPO"
575:
529:
528:
From November 2005 to March 2006, CVC gradually purchased 63.4% of the shares of the
52:
46:
4209:
4189:
4184:
4169:
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2809:
708:
655:
548:
522:
477:
350:
334:
154:
2511:"CVC Capital Partners' cricket franchise Gujarat Titans win Indian Premier League"
4204:
4144:
4052:
3989:
3830:
3643:
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3413:
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3250:
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758:
670:
663:
366:
318:
260:
91:
3807:
2403:"Security Software Firm Avast Gets CVC Capital Investment, Now Valued At $ 1B"
749:
On 25 October 2021, Irelia Company Pte Ltd. (CVC Capital Partners) bought the
4306:
3951:
3923:
3908:
3808:
3575:
3560:
3540:
3428:
3168:
3160:
3021:
2824:
2609:
2439:
1137:: Netherlands-based global provider of compliance and administrative services
673:
637:
563:
495:
370:
71:
1897:"New IPL teams: CVC Capital wins bid for Ahmedabad, RPSG Group gets Lucknow"
703:
In May 2018, CVC Capital Partners paid $ 160 million for the acquisition of
37:
4139:
3966:
3868:
3848:
3688:
3613:
3585:
3530:
3423:
2970:
2965:
2905:
2859:
2844:
2839:
2789:
2696:
1591:"ACM fines investment companies for cartel activities of portfolio company"
1477:
597:
544:
441:
2023:"CVC's biggest bet yet: the fiercely private buyout firm set to go public"
1166:"CVC's biggest bet yet: the fiercely private buyout firm set to go public"
4224:
4072:
4042:
3473:
2884:
2784:
2686:
2634:
1128:
685:
579:
533:
499:
1758:
3638:
3408:
2935:
2644:
615:
1773:"CVC to buy 15 percent of Indonesian hospital operator Siloam from..."
3888:
2742:
2590:
2097:"CVC Capital to buy Japan pharmacy operator Sogo Medical for $ 1.2bn"
1879:"CVC Capital Partners Asia Fund IV acquires OANDA Global Corporation"
1271:
Gopinath, Swetha; Kirchfeld, Aaron; Nair, Dinesh (4 September 2023).
1134:
783:
750:
719:
697:
659:
647:
In April 2016, CVC Capital Partners acquired German betting operator
466:
437:
128:
1548:"CVC ownership of F1 should serve as a warning to Premiership Rugby"
4229:
3840:
3820:
3108:
2676:
2671:
2148:"CVC Capital Partners Raises $ 6.8 Billion for Its Sixth Asia Fund"
772:
737:
Towards the end of 2019, CVC Capital Partners purchased Ontic from
712:
566:, headed by Christopher Stadler and overseen by Rolly van Rappard.
518:
510:
449:
2122:"Private equity fund CVC raises $ 6.8 bln for its sixth Asia fund"
1861:"Bargain Hunters? Exclusive Details on the OANADA-CVC Acquisition"
1273:"CVC Agrees to Buy €16 Billion Manager DIF in Infrastructure Push"
1189:
654:
In August 2016, CVC Capital Partners agreed to buy a 15% stake in
2178:
1999:"CVC co-founder Steve Koltes to step down as firm plans to float"
1975:"CVC co-founder Steve Koltes to step down as firm plans to float"
727:
723:
611:
540:
506:
1218:"Buyout Giant CVC Seeking More Than €1 Billion in Amsterdam IPO"
4164:
4032:
3981:
3238:
2538:
1957:"Private equity firm CVC sells TMF Group stake to its own fund"
1829:"Private equity firm CVC sells TMF Group stake to its own fund"
790:. In 2022, co-founder Steve Koltes stepped down from the firm.
731:
648:
626:
556:
514:
458:
256:
1122:
1116:
641:
462:
2559:
603:
In March 2015, CVC bought 80% of shares of gambling company
4112:
3941:
715:
211:
1728:"CVC, Canada's CPPIB to buy Petco for about $ 4.6 billion"
1454:"CVC Capital Partners closes record €4.65bn European fund"
1215:
4022:
2200:"CVC shares jump in trading debut after long-awaited IPO"
2174:"Private equity group CVC shares soar on Amsterdam debut"
1339:"PEI 300 | The Largest Private Equity Firms in the World"
2428:"Forget Going Public, U.S. Companies Want to Get Bought"
1297:"PEI 300 2022: KKR beats the crowd to claim PE’s throne"
562:
In 2007, CVC expanded to the U.S., opening an office in
2552:
2327:"CVC Capital Closes Record 21 Billion-Euro Buyout Fund"
3219:
1924:"Unilever bags $ 5 bln deal with CVC for tea business"
1568:"CVC chairman Michael Smith steps down after 30 years"
1501:
MPs accuse owners of asset stripping AA motoring group
2378:"CVC raises €26bn for largest buyout fund in history"
2222:"Preqin Online Database". Preqin. September 05, 2016.
1714:"CVC opens Warsaw office, hires Krawczyk from Innova"
1270:
1247:"CVC raises €26bn for largest buyout fund in history"
2353:"CVC raises US$ 6.8 billion for its sixth Asia Fund"
782:In July 2022, CVC sold a near-50 per cent stake in
241:
27:
British private equity and investment advisory firm
1414:"On the La Liga and CVC agreement | CricketSoccer"
666:'s largest corporate chains of private hospitals.
4328:Financial services companies established in 1981
4304:
2302:"CVC closes fifth Asia fund on $ 4.5bn hard-cap"
148:Rob Lucas (Chief Executive and Managing Partner)
684:In October 2017, CVC Capital Partners acquired
618:for an disclosed fee from private equity firm
1790:"US media firm Liberty Media to buy Formula 1"
1216:Swetha Gopinath; Dinesh Nair (14 April 2024).
1131:: automotive rescue service provider in the UK
436:By the early 1990s, Michael Smith, who joined
4098:
3793:
3205:
2575:
2139:
2120:Murdoch, Scott; Wu, Kane (21 February 2024).
1944:Unilever to sell tea business to CVC Capital.
1759:"CVC acquires German betting operator Tipico"
1685:
1524:. AltAssets. January 31, 2007. Archived from
1211:
1209:
793:CVC initially planned to float an IPO on the
417:
4348:Financial services companies based in London
3707:Private equity and venture capital investors
2486:"TMF Group Acquired by CVC Capital Partners"
2461:"F1 Shareholder CVC Motors To £2bn RAC Deal"
2233:"Pan-European CVC closes €6bn European fund"
2048:"CVC pulls back from IPO as turbulence hits"
1641:"CVC buys Wireless Logic from ECI - PE Hub"
1240:
1238:
771:In November 2021, CVC acquired the bulk of
625:In September 2015, CVC opened an office in
4318:Private equity firms of the United Kingdom
4105:
4091:
3800:
3786:
3742:
3722:
3679:Taxation of private equity and hedge funds
3496:Private investment in public equity (PIPE)
3212:
3198:
2582:
2568:
2235:. AltAssets. July 29, 2005. Archived from
1847:"CVC Asia Fund IV agrees to acquire OANDA"
1815:"CVC Fund VII agrees to acquire TMF Group"
1688:"CVC buys German perfume retailer Douglas"
1585:
1583:
1516:
1514:
1456:. AltAssets. June 28, 2001. Archived from
1264:
1206:
424:
410:
45:
36:
2119:
1756:
1618:
928:CVC European Equity Partners Tandem Fund
590:Dutch Authority for Consumers and Markets
2458:
1235:
4114:Largest private equity investment firms
2299:
2045:
1922:Cavale, Siddharth (November 18, 2021).
1903:. Press Trust of India. 25 October 2021
1580:
1511:
1470:
1364:"Briton who has steered CVC to the top"
578:to 35.5%. The deputy team principal of
574:In 2012, CVC reduced its shares in the
271:In June 2022, CVC was ranked fourth in
14:
4338:Companies listed on Euronext Amsterdam
4305:
3809:Merchant banking private equity groups
2400:
2145:
2113:
1921:
1110:
956:CVC Capital Partners Asia Pacific III
517:, and in July 2007 merged The AA with
4086:
3781:
3193:
2563:
2425:
2375:
1738:from the original on 26 November 2015
1383:
1381:
1244:
914:CVC Capital Partners Asia Pacific II
656:PT Siloam International Hospitals Tbk
2171:
1621:"CVC and Bencis face antitrust fine"
1411:
1312:
634:Canada Pension Plan Investment Board
2459:Kleinman, Mark (December 2, 2015).
2426:Driebusch, Telis Demos And Corrie.
2275:"CVC Banks $ 1.6 Billion Tech Fund"
1757:Langworth, Hannah (25 April 2016).
1370:. February 23, 2007. Archived from
1315:"Blackstone holds PEI 300 top spot"
814:
644:for a fee of around $ 4.6 billion.
24:
4333:Companies based in Luxembourg City
2401:Lunden, Ingrid (5 February 2014).
2369:
2172:Farr, Emma-Victoria (2024-04-26).
2070:
1498:Clement, Barrie. (12 April 2006).
1412:Desk, CricketSoccer (2021-08-06).
1378:
194:Investment Banking & Brokerage
25:
4364:
2532:
2300:Mendoza, Carmela (3 April 2020).
2146:Venkat, P.R. (21 February 2024).
1619:Bobeldijk, Yolanda (2015-01-07).
1125:: major pet supplies retail chain
886:CVC European Equity Partners III
513:the British motoring association
4287:
4286:
4277:
4276:
4267:
4266:
4071:
3762:
3761:
3752:
3751:
3741:
3732:
3731:
3721:
3712:
3711:
3702:
3701:
3174:
3173:
2733:Morgan Stanley Wealth Management
2643:
2537:
1694:from the original on 1 June 2015
1664:
1471:Wachman, Richard (1 July 2007).
900:CVC European Equity Partners IV
858:CVC European Equity Partners II
707:(OANDA), a global online retail
301:
2503:
2478:
2452:
2419:
2394:
2345:
2319:
2293:
2267:
2243:
2225:
2216:
2192:
2165:
2089:
2071:Cooper, Ben Dummett and Laura.
2064:
2046:Conchie, Charlie (2022-05-11).
2039:
2015:
1991:
1967:
1949:
1937:
1915:
1889:
1871:
1853:
1839:
1821:
1807:
1782:
1765:
1750:
1720:
1716:. AltAssets. 17 September 2015.
1706:
1679:
1658:
1633:
1612:
1560:
1540:
1492:
1464:
1446:
1405:
1026:CVC Strategic Opportunities II
942:CVC European Equity Partners V
844:CVC European Equity Partners I
610:In June 2015, CVC acquired the
353:and the venture capital bubble)
3986:Lazard Alternative Investments
3957:Goldman Sachs Capital Partners
3854:Baring Vostok Capital Partners
3479:Publicly traded private equity
1356:
1331:
1306:
1290:
1182:
1158:
788:Abu Dhabi Investment Authority
632:In November 2015, CVC and the
483:
197:Diversified Financial Services
13:
1:
4343:2024 initial public offerings
3899:Court Square Capital Partners
3747:List of venture capital firms
2718:Court Square Capital Partners
2589:
1686:Kirsti Knolle (1 June 2015).
1313:Beer, Helen de (2024-06-03).
1151:
1082:CVC Capital Partners Asia VI
970:CVC Capital Partners Asia IV
455:Court Square Capital Partners
226:
4200:Leonard Green & Partners
4018:Terra Firma Capital Partners
3727:List of private equity firms
3484:Business Development Company
2306:Private Equity International
1930:– via www.reuters.com.
1626:Private Equity International
1343:Private Equity International
1319:Private Equity International
1301:Private Equity International
1245:Louch, Will (20 July 2023).
1054:CVC Capital Partners Asia V
681:and Liberty's shareholders.
274:Private Equity International
7:
4058:William Blair & Company
2630:Al Waleed bin Talal Al Saud
1068:CVC Capital Partners VIII
103:; 43 years ago
10:
4369:
3998:Trilantic Capital Partners
3571:High-net-worth individuals
3361:Leveraged recapitalization
2850:James Stillman Rockefeller
2376:Louch, Will (2023-07-20).
543:were accused by Labour MP
536:auto racing championship.
474:high-net-worth individuals
457:. CVC operated offices in
284:
4248:
4120:
4069:
3947:Madison Dearborn Partners
3884:Trimaran Capital Partners
3836:Ridgemont Equity Partners
3816:
3697:
3594:
3513:
3459:Limited liability company
3437:
3419:Venture capital financing
3374:
3366:Dividend recapitalization
3331:
3322:
3279:
3231:
3148:
3122:
2989:
2921:Roberto Hernández Ramírez
2883:
2760:
2728:Diners Club International
2705:
2659:
2652:
2641:
2597:
1473:"A sorry Saga at the AA?"
1012:CVC Capital Partners VII
777:Lipton Teas and Infusions
722:company headquartered in
293:History of private equity
236:
220:
204:
187:
164:
139:
123:
115:
97:
87:
69:
59:
51:Headquarters at IFC 5 in
44:
35:
4130:Apollo Global Management
4048:Norwest Venture Partners
4028:Affinity Equity Partners
3859:EQT Private Capital Asia
3109:United States of America
1096:CVC Capital Partners IX
984:CVC Capital Partners VI
768:(US$ 670 million).
744:
705:OANDA Global Corporation
605:Sky Betting & Gaming
569:
551:of "greed" and "blatant
488:
253:CVC Capital Partners plc
31:CVC Capital Partners plc
4063:Chicago Growth Partners
3972:HPS Investment Partners
3919:Diamond Castle Holdings
3914:Avista Capital Partners
3845:Barclays Private Equity
3526:Institutional investors
3135:California Federal Bank
2748:The Travelers Companies
2713:ClearBridge Investments
2073:"CVC Drops Planned IPO"
1901:Business Standard India
1040:CVC Growth Partners II
4180:Hellman & Friedman
3664:Liquidation preference
3629:Distribution waterfall
3581:Sovereign wealth funds
3140:Franklin National Bank
153:Rolly van Rappard (co-
64:Public limited company
4282:Venture capital firms
4240:Vista Equity Partners
3737:Venture capital firms
3489:Venture capital trust
2546:at Wikimedia Commons
1883:McCarthy Tétrault LLP
1528:on September 29, 2011
1374:on February 28, 2007.
1145:Indian Premier League
1119:: IT security company
755:Indian Premier League
741:for $ 1.365 billion.
4313:CVC Capital Partners
4272:Private equity firms
4175:HarbourVest Partners
4160:CVC Capital Partners
4125:Advent International
3904:CVC Capital Partners
3874:Irving Place Capital
3826:AAC Capital Partners
3717:Private equity firms
3445:Private equity firms
3394:Post-money valuation
3271:Equity co-investment
3157:388 Greenwich Street
3104:United Arab Emirates
2870:Robert B. Willumstad
2723:CVC Capital Partners
2653:Brands and companies
2544:CVC Capital Partners
2239:on January 16, 2013.
1734:. 23 November 2015.
998:CVC Growth Partners
620:Advent International
4292:Portfolio companies
4256:over US$ 70 billion
3977:One Equity Partners
3811:(current and prior)
3767:Portfolio companies
3684:Undercapitalization
3536:Insurance companies
3454:Limited partnership
3399:Pre-money valuation
2855:William Rockefeller
2432:Wall Street Journal
2279:Wall Street Journal
1522:"CVC sets up in US"
1123:Petco Holdings Inc.
1111:Notable investments
799:invasion of Ukraine
757:cricket franchise (
700:for €1.75 billion.
688:global provider of
317:(origins of modern
295:and venture capital
222:Number of employees
32:
3934:First Chicago Bank
3879:CIBC World Markets
3619:Capital commitment
3389:Business incubator
3356:Buy–sell agreement
2976:Franklin A. Thomas
2605:Michael E. O'Neill
2281:. 13 November 2019
1885:. 15 October 2018.
1865:Financial Magnates
1817:. 27 October 2017.
1796:. 8 September 2016
1438:has generic name (
795:Euronext Amsterdam
711:trading platform,
399:COVID-19 recession
78:Euronext Amsterdam
30:
4300:
4299:
4258:
4155:Clearlake Capital
4080:
4079:
4038:Lightyear Capital
4013:Nomura Securities
4008:Metalmark Capital
3929:MidOcean Partners
3894:Metalmark Capital
3775:
3774:
3624:Capital structure
3509:
3508:
3351:Divisional buyout
3346:Management buyout
3341:Financial sponsor
3187:
3186:
2946:Andrew N. Liveris
2896:Michael Armstrong
2775:Michael Bloomberg
2770:Winfried Bischoff
2763:former executives
2756:
2755:
2738:OneMain Financial
2692:Metalmark Capital
2682:Citi Private Bank
2620:William R. Rhodes
2542:Media related to
1946:CNBC, 19 Nov 2021
1778:. 29 August 2016.
1460:on July 20, 2012.
1108:
1107:
775:'s tea division,
614:perfume retailer
576:Formula One Group
539:In 2006, CVC and
530:Formula One Group
505:In 2004, CVC and
478:leveraged buyouts
434:
433:
250:
249:
119:Rolly van Rappard
53:St Helier, Jersey
16:(Redirected from
4360:
4290:
4289:
4280:
4279:
4270:
4269:
4250:
4210:Neuberger Berman
4190:Insight Partners
4170:General Atlantic
4107:
4100:
4093:
4084:
4083:
4075:
3994:
3938:
3802:
3795:
3788:
3779:
3778:
3765:
3764:
3755:
3754:
3745:
3744:
3735:
3734:
3725:
3724:
3715:
3714:
3705:
3704:
3566:Commercial banks
3556:Investment banks
3464:Carried interest
3329:
3328:
3232:Investment types
3214:
3207:
3200:
3191:
3190:
3177:
3176:
3095:
2810:Sallie Krawcheck
2657:
2656:
2647:
2584:
2577:
2570:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2553:Official website
2541:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2423:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2398:
2392:
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2389:
2388:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2363:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2271:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2229:
2223:
2220:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2196:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2009:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1953:
1947:
1941:
1935:
1931:
1919:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1825:
1819:
1818:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1801:
1786:
1780:
1779:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1754:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1662:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1652:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1606:
1597:. Archived from
1587:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1533:
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1509:
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1468:
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1409:
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1400:
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1385:
1376:
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1360:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1310:
1304:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1242:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1213:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1200:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1162:
1074:US & Europe
1046:US & Europe
1004:US & Europe
872:CVC Asia Fund I
819:
818:
815:Investment funds
767:
765:
709:foreign exchange
549:House of Commons
523:Acromas Holdings
426:
419:
412:
351:leveraged buyout
335:leveraged buyout
305:
289:
288:
279:
246:
243:
231:
228:
215:
111:
109:
104:
49:
40:
33:
29:
21:
4368:
4367:
4363:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4358:
4357:
4303:
4302:
4301:
4296:
4244:
4205:Lone Star Funds
4116:
4111:
4081:
4076:
4067:
4053:Pamlico Capital
3992:
3990:Lehman Brothers
3936:
3831:Bank of America
3812:
3806:
3776:
3771:
3757:Angel investors
3693:
3644:High-yield debt
3597:financial terms
3596:
3590:
3505:
3433:
3414:Startup company
3370:
3324:
3318:
3275:
3227:
3225:venture capital
3218:
3188:
3183:
3144:
3118:
3089:
2985:
2956:Richard Parsons
2941:Klaus Kleinfeld
2911:Kenneth T. Derr
2879:
2820:George S. Moore
2805:Thomas W. Jones
2800:Lewis Glucksman
2795:Stanley Fischer
2780:Gary Crittenden
2762:
2752:
2701:
2648:
2639:
2615:Richard Parsons
2593:
2588:
2551:
2550:
2535:
2530:
2529:
2520:
2518:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2495:
2493:
2484:
2483:
2479:
2469:
2467:
2457:
2453:
2444:
2442:
2424:
2420:
2411:
2409:
2399:
2395:
2386:
2384:
2382:Financial Times
2374:
2370:
2361:
2359:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2336:
2334:
2325:
2324:
2320:
2310:
2308:
2298:
2294:
2284:
2282:
2273:
2272:
2268:
2259:
2257:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2231:
2230:
2226:
2221:
2217:
2208:
2206:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2184:
2182:
2170:
2166:
2156:
2154:
2144:
2140:
2130:
2128:
2118:
2114:
2105:
2103:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2081:
2079:
2069:
2065:
2056:
2054:
2044:
2040:
2031:
2029:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2007:
2005:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1983:
1981:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1963:. 25 July 2022.
1961:Financial Times
1955:
1954:
1950:
1942:
1938:
1920:
1916:
1906:
1904:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1867:. 18 June 2018.
1859:
1858:
1854:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1835:. 25 July 2022.
1833:Financial Times
1827:
1826:
1822:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1799:
1797:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1771:
1770:
1766:
1755:
1751:
1741:
1739:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1697:
1695:
1684:
1680:
1671:
1669:
1663:
1659:
1650:
1648:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1617:
1613:
1604:
1602:
1595:www.elexica.com
1589:
1588:
1581:
1572:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1561:
1553:TheGuardian.com
1546:
1545:
1541:
1531:
1529:
1520:
1519:
1512:
1506:The Independent
1497:
1493:
1483:
1481:
1469:
1465:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1435:
1434:
1425:
1424:
1418:
1416:
1410:
1406:
1397:
1395:
1387:
1386:
1379:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1348:
1346:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1323:
1321:
1311:
1307:
1303:, June 1, 2022.
1295:
1291:
1281:
1279:
1269:
1265:
1255:
1253:
1243:
1236:
1226:
1224:
1214:
1207:
1198:
1196:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1174:
1172:
1170:Financial Times
1164:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1113:
838:Size (millions)
817:
763:
762:
747:
572:
553:asset stripping
532:, owner of the
491:
486:
430:
294:
287:
277:
240:
229:
223:
210:
200:
183:
160:
142:
135:
131:
107:
105:
102:
74:
55:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4366:
4356:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4298:
4297:
4295:
4294:
4284:
4274:
4264:
4262:Private equity
4249:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4237:
4235:Warburg Pincus
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4215:Partners Group
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4110:
4109:
4102:
4095:
4087:
4078:
4077:
4070:
4068:
4066:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4003:Morgan Stanley
4000:
3995:
3987:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3962:JPMorgan Chase
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3864:GP Investments
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3805:
3804:
3797:
3790:
3782:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3759:
3749:
3739:
3729:
3719:
3709:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3600:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3576:Family offices
3573:
3568:
3563:
3561:Merchant banks
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3517:
3515:
3511:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3504:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3486:
3476:
3471:
3469:Management fee
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3441:
3439:
3435:
3434:
3432:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3384:Angel investor
3380:
3378:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3337:
3335:
3326:
3320:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3285:
3283:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3235:
3233:
3229:
3228:
3221:Private equity
3217:
3216:
3209:
3202:
3194:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3181:
3171:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2993:
2991:
2990:Local entities
2987:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2916:John M. Deutch
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2892:
2890:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2877:
2875:Walter Wriston
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2830:Joe J. Plumeri
2827:
2822:
2817:
2815:Victor Menezes
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2766:
2764:
2758:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2663:
2661:
2654:
2650:
2649:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2625:Lewis B. Kaden
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2601:
2599:
2595:
2594:
2587:
2586:
2579:
2572:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2534:
2533:External links
2531:
2528:
2527:
2502:
2477:
2451:
2418:
2393:
2368:
2344:
2318:
2292:
2266:
2242:
2224:
2215:
2191:
2164:
2138:
2112:
2088:
2063:
2038:
2014:
1990:
1966:
1948:
1936:
1914:
1888:
1870:
1852:
1838:
1820:
1806:
1781:
1764:
1749:
1719:
1705:
1678:
1657:
1632:
1611:
1579:
1559:
1539:
1510:
1491:
1463:
1445:
1404:
1377:
1355:
1330:
1305:
1289:
1263:
1234:
1205:
1181:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1148:
1141:Gujarat Titans
1138:
1132:
1126:
1120:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
995:
994:
991:
988:
985:
981:
980:
977:
974:
971:
967:
966:
963:
960:
957:
953:
952:
949:
946:
943:
939:
938:
935:
932:
929:
925:
924:
921:
918:
915:
911:
910:
907:
904:
901:
897:
896:
893:
890:
887:
883:
882:
879:
876:
873:
869:
868:
865:
862:
859:
855:
854:
851:
848:
845:
841:
840:
835:
830:
825:
816:
813:
766:56,250 million
759:Gujarat Titans
746:
743:
696:services firm
694:administrative
664:Southeast Asia
636:both acquired
571:
568:
490:
487:
485:
482:
432:
431:
429:
428:
421:
414:
406:
403:
402:
394:
393:
387:
386:
382:
381:
375:
374:
367:dot-com bubble
362:
361:
355:
354:
346:
345:
339:
338:
330:
329:
323:
322:
319:private equity
314:
313:
307:
306:
298:
297:
286:
283:
261:private equity
248:
247:
238:
234:
233:
224:
221:
218:
217:
216:billion (2024)
208:
202:
201:
199:
198:
195:
191:
189:
185:
184:
182:
181:
180:Infrastructure
178:
175:
172:
171:Private equity
168:
166:
162:
161:
159:
158:
151:
149:
145:
143:
140:
137:
136:
133:
127:
125:
121:
120:
117:
113:
112:
99:
95:
94:
92:Private equity
89:
85:
84:
75:
70:
67:
66:
61:
57:
56:
50:
42:
41:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4365:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4293:
4285:
4283:
4275:
4273:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4259:
4257:
4255:
4252:Methodology:
4247:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4150:Carlyle Group
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4119:
4115:
4108:
4103:
4101:
4096:
4094:
4089:
4088:
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3952:Goldman Sachs
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3924:Deutsche Bank
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3541:Fund of funds
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3429:Venture round
3427:
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3289:Early history
3287:
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3259:
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3169:United States
3166:
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3161:New York City
3158:
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3147:
3141:
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2828:
2826:
2825:Samuel Osgood
2823:
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2613:
2611:
2610:Vikram Pandit
2608:
2606:
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2600:
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2408:
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2397:
2383:
2379:
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2354:
2348:
2333:. 3 July 2020
2332:
2331:Bloomberg.com
2328:
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2053:
2049:
2042:
2028:
2024:
2018:
2004:
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1994:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1962:
1958:
1952:
1945:
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1934:
1929:
1925:
1918:
1902:
1898:
1892:
1884:
1880:
1874:
1866:
1862:
1856:
1849:. 2 May 2018.
1848:
1842:
1834:
1830:
1824:
1816:
1810:
1795:
1791:
1785:
1777:
1774:
1768:
1761:. Real Deals.
1760:
1753:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1723:
1715:
1709:
1693:
1689:
1682:
1668:
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1628:
1627:
1622:
1615:
1601:on 2017-01-13
1600:
1596:
1592:
1586:
1584:
1569:
1563:
1556:. 2018-09-10.
1555:
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1277:Bloomberg.com
1274:
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1223:
1222:Bloomberg.com
1219:
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1210:
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721:
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714:
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695:
691:
687:
682:
680:
675:
674:Liberty Media
672:
671:John Malone's
667:
665:
661:
657:
652:
650:
645:
643:
640:pet supplier
639:
635:
630:
628:
623:
621:
617:
613:
608:
606:
601:
599:
594:
591:
586:
583:
581:
577:
567:
565:
564:New York City
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
537:
535:
531:
526:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
503:
501:
497:
496:Apax Partners
481:
479:
475:
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468:
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420:
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389:
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384:
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380:
377:
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372:
371:credit crunch
368:
364:
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348:
347:
344:
341:
340:
336:
332:
331:
328:
325:
324:
320:
316:
315:
312:
311:Early history
309:
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291:
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276:
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100:
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83:
79:
76:
73:
68:
65:
62:
58:
54:
48:
43:
39:
34:
19:
4353:Breitling SA
4251:
4159:
4140:Bain Capital
3967:CCMP Capital
3903:
3869:Bear Stearns
3849:Barings Bank
3689:Vintage year
3614:Capital call
3586:Crowdfunding
3521:Corporations
3424:Venture debt
3153:Headquarters
3152:
3123:Predecessors
2971:Robert Rubin
2966:Judith Rodin
2961:Chuck Prince
2951:Anne Mulcahy
2926:Manolo Falcó
2906:George David
2860:Moses Taylor
2845:Robert Rubin
2835:Chuck Prince
2790:Ahmed Fahour
2722:
2697:Red Roof Inn
2536:
2519:. Retrieved
2517:. 2022-05-30
2514:
2505:
2494:. Retrieved
2492:. 2017-10-27
2489:
2480:
2468:. Retrieved
2464:
2454:
2443:. Retrieved
2431:
2421:
2410:. Retrieved
2406:
2396:
2385:. Retrieved
2381:
2371:
2360:. Retrieved
2356:
2347:
2335:. Retrieved
2330:
2321:
2309:. Retrieved
2305:
2295:
2283:. Retrieved
2278:
2269:
2258:. Retrieved
2254:
2245:
2237:the original
2227:
2218:
2207:. Retrieved
2203:
2194:
2183:. Retrieved
2177:
2167:
2155:. Retrieved
2151:
2141:
2129:. Retrieved
2125:
2115:
2104:. Retrieved
2100:
2091:
2080:. Retrieved
2076:
2066:
2055:. Retrieved
2051:
2041:
2030:. Retrieved
2026:
2017:
2006:. Retrieved
2002:
1993:
1982:. Retrieved
1978:
1969:
1960:
1951:
1939:
1927:
1917:
1905:. Retrieved
1900:
1891:
1882:
1873:
1864:
1855:
1841:
1832:
1823:
1809:
1798:. Retrieved
1793:
1784:
1775:
1767:
1752:
1740:. Retrieved
1731:
1722:
1708:
1696:. Retrieved
1681:
1670:. Retrieved
1660:
1649:. Retrieved
1647:. 2015-02-11
1644:
1635:
1624:
1614:
1603:. Retrieved
1599:the original
1594:
1571:. Retrieved
1562:
1551:
1542:
1530:. Retrieved
1526:the original
1500:
1494:
1484:15 September
1482:. Retrieved
1478:The Guardian
1476:
1466:
1458:the original
1448:
1417:. Retrieved
1407:
1396:. Retrieved
1392:
1372:the original
1367:
1358:
1347:. Retrieved
1345:. 2023-06-01
1342:
1333:
1322:. Retrieved
1318:
1308:
1300:
1292:
1280:. Retrieved
1276:
1266:
1254:. Retrieved
1250:
1225:. Retrieved
1221:
1197:. Retrieved
1193:
1190:"Strategies"
1184:
1173:. Retrieved
1169:
1160:
837:
832:
827:
822:
810:
806:
803:
792:
781:
770:
748:
739:BBA Aviation
736:
702:
683:
668:
653:
646:
631:
624:
609:
602:
598:ECI Partners
595:
587:
584:
573:
561:
545:Gwyn Prosser
538:
527:
509:bought from
504:
492:
471:
442:Hardy McLain
435:
272:
270:
252:
251:
124:Headquarters
60:Company type
4225:Thoma Bravo
4220:Silver Lake
4043:Wells Fargo
3551:Foundations
3474:Pledge fund
3266:Secondaries
3130:ACC Capital
3090: [
3067:Philippines
3052:South Korea
2981:Sandy Weill
2931:Jane Fraser
2901:Alain Belda
2865:Sandy Weill
2785:Jamie Dimon
2635:John Havens
2470:December 3,
2157:22 February
2131:22 February
2101:Nikkei Asia
1690:. Reuters.
1532:October 11,
1436:|last=
580:Force India
534:Formula One
500:BC Partners
484:Investments
385:(expansion)
266:secondaries
177:Secondaries
18:CVC Capital
4307:Categories
4145:Blackstone
3639:Envy ratio
3546:Endowments
3409:Seed money
3323:Terms and
2936:Ann Jordan
2521:2022-09-20
2496:2017-11-10
2445:2015-11-29
2412:2016-09-05
2407:TechCrunch
2387:2023-07-24
2362:2024-07-19
2337:17 October
2285:9 December
2260:2024-07-24
2209:2024-05-08
2204:www.ft.com
2185:2024-05-08
2126:Nasdaq.com
2106:2023-12-15
2082:2024-05-01
2057:2024-05-01
2032:2024-05-01
2027:www.ft.com
2008:2024-05-01
2003:www.ft.com
1984:2024-05-01
1979:www.ft.com
1907:26 October
1800:2016-09-08
1672:2022-11-27
1651:2017-08-31
1605:2016-09-05
1573:2016-09-05
1419:2022-11-27
1398:2024-05-01
1393:www.ft.com
1349:2023-06-02
1324:2024-06-04
1282:31 January
1256:31 January
1251:www.ft.com
1199:2024-05-01
1175:2024-05-01
1152:References
690:compliance
616:Douglas AG
230: 850
141:Key people
4323:Citigroup
3993:(defunct)
3937:(defunct)
3889:Citigroup
3609:Cap table
3514:Investors
3438:Structure
3256:Mezzanine
3244:Leveraged
3077:Singapore
3042:Indonesia
3032:Hong Kong
3002:Australia
2997:Argentina
2888:directors
2885:Corporate
2840:John Reed
2743:Primerica
2591:Citigroup
2490:TMF Group
2440:0099-9660
1368:The Times
1135:TMF Group
1021:$ 18,000
784:TMF Group
751:Ahmedabad
720:analytics
698:TMF Group
660:Indonesia
467:Frankfurt
391:The 2020s
379:The 2010s
359:The 2000s
343:The 1990s
327:The 1980s
129:St Helier
72:Traded as
3841:Barclays
3821:ABN Amro
3659:Leverage
3595:Related
3325:concepts
3179:Category
3165:New York
3082:Thailand
3057:Malaysia
3022:Colombia
2677:Citigold
2672:Citibank
2465:Sky News
1933:Archived
1794:BBC News
1736:Archived
1692:Archived
1428:cite web
1227:15 April
1104:€26,000
1091:$ 6,800
1077:€21,300
1063:$ 4,500
1049:$ 1,600
1035:$ 4,600
1007:$ 1,000
993:€10,907
979:$ 3,495
965:$ 4,120
951:€10,750
923:$ 1,975
895:$ 3,971
867:$ 3,333
773:Unilever
713:currency
658:, among
638:American
511:Centrica
450:Citibank
438:Citicorp
188:Services
165:Products
88:Industry
3669:M&A
3376:Venture
3281:History
3251:Venture
3167:10043,
3114:Vietnam
3007:Bahrain
2761:Notable
2667:Banamex
2660:Current
2179:Reuters
1928:Reuters
1776:Reuters
1742:30 June
1732:Reuters
1032:Global
1018:Global
990:Global
948:Europe
937:€4,123
934:Europe
909:€6,000
906:Europe
892:Europe
864:Europe
850:Europe
786:to the
753:-based
728:Ontario
724:Toronto
662:'s and
547:in the
541:Permira
507:Permira
446:spinoff
369:to the
285:History
259:-based
237:Website
116:Founder
106: (
98:Founded
80::
4165:EQT AB
4135:Ardian
4033:Capvis
3982:Lazard
3634:EBITDA
3333:Buyout
3261:Growth
3239:Buyout
3099:Uganda
3087:Taiwan
3072:Russia
3062:Mexico
3027:Europe
3012:Canada
2706:Former
2598:People
2515:CityAM
2438:
2311:10 May
2052:CityAM
1698:1 June
1665:BSIC.
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