666:
It is estimated that almost half of Sydney's
Aboriginal population died in the smallpox epidemic of 1789. Melinda Hinkson's Aboriginal Sydney says that the Gadigal, 'the recognised owners of Sydney Cove – were reduced in number from about 60 in 1788 to just three in 1791'
307:
in a letter to Lord Sydney in
February 1790 also reported: "From the entrance of the harbour, along the south shore, to the cove adjoining this settlement the district is called Cadi, and the tribe Cadigal; the women, Cadigalleon".
311:
The
Gadigal are coastal people who were previously dependent on the harbour for providing most of their food whilst they were living in their traditional lands. They are one of seven clans from coastal Sydney who speak a common
1150:
361:, is situated within Gadigal country and bordering Wangal country. In 1994 the Marrickville Aboriginal Consultative Committee was established and the committee established the Cadigal/Wangal peoples' website.
335:
estimated the
Aboriginal population of the area at around 1,500 people, although other estimates range from as low as 200 to as high as 4,000. The Gadigal clan was estimated to have 50-80 people.
1171:
346:
was estimated to have killed about 50% of the Eora population, with only three
Gadigal survivors. However, archaeological evidence suggests that some Gadigal people may have escaped to the
1364:
875:
626:, p. 49"The epidemic was certainly smallpox and killed over half the Eora. Mortality was up to 95 per cent in some bands; only three survived out of the 50-strong Cadigal."
1154:
2186:
1102:
1357:
1129:
1211:
2221:
2214:
368:
Allen Madden estimates that several hundred Dharug people, including at least a hundred
Gadigal people in his own family, live in Sydney today.
2179:
1350:
823:
653:
515:
392:
924:
350:
area and settled there. Since colonisation and its subsequent spread, most
Gadigal people have been displaced from their traditional lands.
1059:
708:
1254:
2193:
2158:
985:
2207:
1078:
2200:
494:
848:
296:
638:, pp. 22–23. "However, he perished in the diastrous smallpox epidemic that destroyed half the Eora in mid-1789."
585:
2035:
1190:
1027:
953:
964:
286:
258:
338:
The colonisation of the land by
British settlers and the subsequent introduction of infectious diseases including
399:
explained: "It is a provocative recount of what happened in this place, and elsewhere in
Australia, since 1788".
1327:
1112:
1063:
1392:
1107:
151:
365:
403:
270:
78:
876:"This new Sydney CBD metro station has been named in recognition of the land's traditional custodians"
679:
563:
1515:
1434:
684:
242:
1038:
649:
511:
904:
347:
131:
343:
1262:
1010:
574:
411:
31:
17:
1373:
925:"Australian national anthem sung in a First Nations language before Wallabies-Pumas rugby Test"
564:
An
Historical Journal of the Transactions at Port Jackson and Norfolk Island, John Hunter, 1793
423:
226:
716:
385:
30:
This article is about a group of Aboriginal people from Sydney. For the railway station, see
1266:
1230:
253:
The Gadigal people originally inhabited the area that they call "Gadi", which lies south of
2117:
2079:
2062:
969:
928:
396:
354:
88:
316:
and have become known as the Eora people. "Eora" refers to "people" or "of this place" in
8:
2069:
2045:
1342:
989:
414:
whilst it was under construction, which had formerly been named as Pitt Street station.
2124:
2100:
2093:
1929:
1307:
586:
Historical Records of New South Wales, Vol. I Part 2. - Phillip 1783-1792, Britton 1892
358:
292:
262:
2138:
2107:
2028:
1522:
1508:
1311:
1299:
1023:
949:
490:
1282:
Warren, Christopher (30 October 2013). "Smallpox at Sydney Cove – who, when, why?".
1291:
1086:
190:
2249:
2131:
2086:
2052:
1933:
1921:
1377:
1295:
487:
Sydney's Aboriginal Past: Investigating the archaeological and historical records
317:
313:
300:
238:
98:
1937:
1459:
1250:
908:
332:
304:
59:
2244:
2238:
2003:
1941:
1613:
1303:
166:
153:
965:"Midnight Oil return with politically-charged "Gadigal Land": Stream it now"
388:
mini-album project. The song includes a verse written and spoken by Gadigal
1865:
1837:
1718:
1592:
1424:
1134:
407:
381:
377:
266:
254:
200:
139:
121:
1968:
1858:
1809:
1711:
1648:
1480:
278:
274:
186:
1844:
1830:
1683:
1641:
1606:
1564:
1557:
1543:
1172:"Gadigal people have a unique affinity with Sydney's harbour and lands"
1130:"Midnight Oil release their first new song in 20 years, "Gadigal Land""
282:
245:, most Gadigal people have been displaced from their traditional lands
135:
1982:
1886:
1879:
1781:
1774:
1767:
1760:
1725:
1662:
1417:
68:
1452:
1060:"The story behind the Gadigal poetry on Midnight Oil's latest track"
575:
An Account of the English Colony In NSW, Vol 1., David Collins, 1798
1989:
1900:
1893:
1816:
1795:
1788:
1704:
1676:
1669:
1627:
1620:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1536:
1494:
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1189:
339:
329:
1996:
1914:
1872:
1851:
1823:
1753:
1746:
1739:
1697:
1690:
1634:
1599:
1501:
1473:
295:
gave Long Cove as the western boundary which lieutenant governor
2010:
1907:
489:. Sydney: University of New South Wales Press Ltd. p. 36.
234:
707:
Heiss, Anita; McCormack, Terri; Ross, Steven (20 April 2002).
641:
1802:
1732:
1655:
1529:
1410:
1020:
The Original Australians: the story of the Aboriginal People
731:
503:
1950:
1550:
389:
230:
1372:
547:
545:
530:
442:
This epidemic is unlikely to have been a natural event.(
1151:"Marrickville Aboriginal Consultative Committee (MACC)"
629:
342:
decimated the Gadigal people and their neighbours. The
1212:"First Contact: A Contemporary Aboriginal Perspective"
743:
542:
1229:
849:"New CBD metro station named Gadigal Railway Station"
824:"Indigenous name slated for new Sydney metro station"
468:
466:
464:
462:
1022:(2nd ed.). Crows Nest, NSW: Allen & Unwin.
948:(5th ed.). Crows Nest, NSW: Allen & Unwin.
803:
791:
617:
779:
767:
706:
605:
459:
988:. University of Technology Sydney. Archived from
755:
2236:
1149:
1007:The History of Small-Pox in Australia, 1788-1908
737:
273:with part of the southern boundary lying on the
229:whose traditional lands are located in Gadi, on
113:Area (approx. 700 km (270 sq mi))
709:"City of Sydney: Aboriginal People & Place"
1083:Cadigal-Wangal Aboriginal Marrickville Website
903:
595:
593:
536:
1358:
715:. Gadigal Information Service. Archived from
281:is located in Gadi, the site where the first
946:Aboriginal Australians: a history since 1788
1037:Heiss, Anita; Gibson, Melodie-Jane (n.d.).
1036:
648:Heiss, Anita; Gibson, Melodie-Jane (2013).
647:
590:
551:
510:Heiss, Anita; Gibson, Melodie-Jane (2013).
509:
248:
27:Indigenous Australians of the Sydney region
1365:
1351:
1077:
749:
2159:List of Australian Aboriginal group names
1195:Place names chart – The Australian Museum
873:
484:
1004:
923:
328:Soon after his arrival at Port Jackson,
1249:
1057:
962:
821:
809:
797:
472:
14:
2237:
1281:
1169:
1153:. Marrickville Council. Archived from
1127:
984:
943:
874:Todoroski, Caitlyn (20 October 2023).
785:
773:
635:
611:
443:
1346:
1209:
1017:
761:
623:
285:was raised, marking the beginning of
1235:Barani: Sydney's Aboriginal History
1043:Barani: Sydney's Aboriginal History
323:
24:
1058:Hocking, Rachael (7 August 2020).
822:Segaert, Anthony (8 August 2023).
371:
25:
2261:
1428:(mainly Queensland bordering NSW)
1320:
1210:Smyth, Terry (15 February 2009).
1128:Maloon, Natacha (7 August 2020).
1009:. Melbourne: Government Printer,
1101:
656:from the original on 7 July 2014
599:
518:from the original on 7 July 2014
259:Sydney central business district
241:, Australia. However, since the
963:Brandle, Lars (7 August 2020).
867:
841:
815:
700:
672:
436:
1259:Aboriginal Tribes of Australia
1170:Newman, Martin (8 July 2017).
579:
568:
557:
478:
13:
1:
1284:Journal of Australian Studies
1039:"Aboriginal people and place"
650:"Aboriginal people and place"
512:"Aboriginal people and place"
453:
1296:10.1080/14443058.2013.849750
1108:Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
299:identified with present-day
7:
1005:Cumpston, J. H. L. (1914).
417:
10:
2266:
1385:Aboriginal language groups
896:
404:New South Wales government
29:
2168:
2148:
2020:
1960:
1444:
1435:Western Bundjalung people
1402:
1384:
1018:Flood, Josephine (2019).
828:The Sydney Morning Herald
685:National Museum Australia
243:colonisation of Australia
233:country, the location of
206:
196:
182:
145:
127:
117:
112:
104:
94:
84:
74:
67:
46:
41:
1197:. Australian Museum. n.d
944:Broome, Richard (2019).
429:
249:Pre-colonisation history
1263:South Australian Museum
1231:"Sydney Cove / Warrane"
1011:Government of Australia
485:Attenbrow, Val (2010).
412:Gadigal railway station
384:" as a single in their
32:Gadigal railway station
1649:Kawambarai/Gawambaraay
1330:. Redfern Oral History
905:"Aboriginal histories"
552:Heiss & Gibson n.d
424:Aboriginal Australians
344:1789 smallpox epidemic
2174:By state or territory
1393:Yugambeh-Bandjalangic
1237:. City of Sydney. n.d
1103:"Indigenous Heritage"
402:In October 2023, the
386:The Makarrata Project
2021:Aboriginal languages
1115:on 24 September 2015
738:Marrickville Council
397:Sony Music Australia
355:Marrickville Council
261:and stretching from
1191:"Place names chart"
1176:The Daily Telegraph
680:"Smallpox epidemic"
537:City of Sydney 2017
395:. A statement from
257:, covering today's
207:Notable individuals
163: /
2187:Northern Territory
1516:Western Bundjalung
1445:Aboriginal peoples
1403:Aboriginal nations
719:on 28 January 2013
359:Inner West Council
357:area, now part of
293:Philip Gidley King
217:, also spelled as
167:33.833°S 151.083°E
2232:
2231:
2222:Western Australia
1579:Gidhabal/Githabul
992:on 31 August 2007
931:. 5 December 2020
911:. 20 October 2017
855:. 19 October 2023
652:. Sydney Barani.
514:. Sydney Barani.
496:978-1-74223-116-7
446:, pp. 68–86)
380:included a song "
227:Aboriginal people
225:, are a group of
211:
210:
197:Other geological:
16:(Redirected from
2257:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2203:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2175:
2161:
2154:
2141:
2134:
2127:
2120:
2113:
2111:
2103:
2096:
2089:
2082:
2075:
2073:
2072:(or Yuwaaliyaay)
2065:
2058:
2056:
2048:
2041:
2039:
2031:
2013:
2006:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1961:Aboriginal clans
1953:
1944:
1924:
1917:
1910:
1903:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1861:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1798:
1791:
1784:
1777:
1770:
1763:
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1735:
1728:
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1714:
1707:
1700:
1693:
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1679:
1672:
1665:
1658:
1651:
1644:
1637:
1630:
1623:
1616:
1609:
1602:
1595:
1588:
1586:Gringai/Guringay
1581:
1574:
1567:
1560:
1553:
1546:
1539:
1532:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1504:
1497:
1490:
1483:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1455:
1437:
1430:
1429:
1420:
1413:
1395:
1367:
1360:
1353:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1328:"Gadigal people"
1315:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1265:. Archived from
1246:
1244:
1242:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1111:. Archived from
1098:
1096:
1094:
1085:. Archived from
1074:
1072:
1070:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1045:. City of Sydney
1033:
1014:
1001:
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997:
981:
979:
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938:
936:
920:
918:
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871:
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583:
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534:
528:
527:
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507:
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500:
482:
476:
470:
447:
440:
376:Australian band
324:European history
178:
177:
175:
174:
173:
172:-33.833; 151.083
168:
164:
161:
160:
159:
156:
85:Language branch:
75:Language family:
63:
52:
39:
38:
21:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2228:
2227:
2220:
2213:
2206:
2201:South Australia
2199:
2192:
2185:
2180:New South Wales
2178:
2173:
2164:
2157:
2152:
2144:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2109:
2106:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2078:
2071:
2068:
2061:
2054:
2051:
2044:
2038:(or Bundjalung)
2037:
2034:
2027:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1956:
1949:
1927:
1920:
1913:
1906:
1899:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1857:
1850:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1822:
1815:
1808:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1759:
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1738:
1731:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1689:
1682:
1675:
1668:
1661:
1654:
1647:
1640:
1633:
1626:
1619:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1591:
1584:
1577:
1570:
1563:
1556:
1549:
1542:
1535:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1507:
1500:
1493:
1486:
1479:
1472:
1465:
1458:
1451:
1440:
1433:
1427:
1423:
1416:
1409:
1398:
1391:
1380:
1378:New South Wales
1371:
1333:
1331:
1326:
1323:
1318:
1272:
1270:
1269:on 8 April 2017
1251:Tindale, Norman
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1160:
1158:
1140:
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1048:
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1030:
995:
993:
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914:
912:
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691:
689:
688:. 13 April 2018
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450:
441:
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432:
420:
374:
372:Popular culture
326:
318:Dharug language
301:Darling Harbour
277:; most notably
251:
239:New South Wales
171:
169:
165:
162:
157:
154:
152:
150:
149:
132:Eastern suburbs
105:Group dialects:
95:Language group:
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53:
47:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2155:
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2143:
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2135:
2128:
2121:
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2097:
2090:
2083:
2076:
2066:
2059:
2049:
2042:
2032:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1993:
1986:
1979:
1972:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1947:
1946:
1945:
1918:
1911:
1904:
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1369:
1362:
1355:
1347:
1341:
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1322:
1321:External links
1319:
1317:
1316:
1279:
1247:
1227:
1216:The Sun Herald
1207:
1187:
1167:
1157:on 19 May 2014
1147:
1125:
1099:
1089:on 19 May 2014
1075:
1055:
1034:
1028:
1015:
1002:
982:
960:
954:
941:
921:
909:City of Sydney
900:
898:
895:
893:
892:
866:
840:
814:
802:
790:
778:
766:
754:
750:Cadigal-Wangal
742:
730:
713:City of Sydney
699:
671:
640:
628:
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604:
589:
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556:
541:
529:
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333:Arthur Phillip
325:
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305:Arthur Phillip
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65:
64:
44:
43:
42:Gadigal people
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2262:
2251:
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2240:
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2167:
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2119:
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2110:(or Dharawal)
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1029:9781760527075
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955:9781760528218
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33:
19:
1975:
1866:Wirraayaraay
1838:Wangaaypuwan
1719:Nhaawuparlku
1593:Gumbaynggirr
1332:. Retrieved
1290:(1): 68–86.
1287:
1283:
1271:. Retrieved
1267:the original
1258:
1255:"Eora (NSW)"
1239:. Retrieved
1234:
1219:. Retrieved
1215:
1199:. Retrieved
1194:
1179:. Retrieved
1175:
1159:. Retrieved
1155:the original
1139:. Retrieved
1133:
1117:. Retrieved
1113:the original
1106:
1091:. Retrieved
1087:the original
1082:
1067:. Retrieved
1047:. Retrieved
1042:
1019:
1006:
994:. Retrieved
990:the original
986:"Camperdown"
974:. Retrieved
968:
945:
933:. Retrieved
913:. Retrieved
883:. Retrieved
879:
869:
857:. Retrieved
853:Sydney Metro
852:
843:
831:. Retrieved
827:
817:
810:Brandle 2020
805:
798:Hocking 2020
793:
781:
769:
757:
745:
733:
721:. Retrieved
717:the original
712:
702:
690:. Retrieved
683:
674:
665:
658:. Retrieved
643:
631:
619:
607:
581:
570:
559:
532:
520:. Retrieved
505:
486:
480:
473:Tindale 1974
438:
408:Sydney Metro
401:
393:Joel Davison
382:Gadigal Land
378:Midnight Oil
375:
363:
352:
337:
327:
310:
291:
287:colonisation
267:Marrickville
255:Port Jackson
252:
222:
218:
214:
212:
201:Port Jackson
146:Coordinates:
140:Port Jackson
122:Sydney basin
79:Pama–Nyungan
55:
49:
36:
2118:Wemba Wemba
2080:Madhi Madhi
2070:Gamilaraay
2063:Dyirringany
2036:Bandjalang
1969:Cammeraygal
1859:Wemba-Wemba
1810:Yuwaalaraay
1712:Muthi Muthi
1481:Barranbinya
1376:peoples in
1221:10 February
1181:10 February
786:Maloon 2020
774:Newman 2017
636:Broome 2019
444:Warren 2013
410:station to
353:The former
279:Sydney Cove
275:Cooks River
170: /
2239:Categories
2194:Queensland
2087:Nganywyana
2046:Darkinjung
1934:Kombumerri
1845:Wanjiwalku
1831:Wandandian
1684:Malyangapa
1656:Kula/Kurnu
1642:Karenggapa
1607:Himberrong
1565:Gandangara
1558:Gamilaraay
1544:Djiringanj
1523:Darkinyung
1509:Bundjalung
1374:Aboriginal
762:Smyth 2009
624:Flood 2019
612:Camperdown
454:References
406:renamed a
283:Union Jack
265:across to
263:South Head
191:Parramatta
136:Inner West
118:Bioregion:
89:Yuin-Kuric
2125:Wiradjuri
2108:Tharawal
2101:Ngunnawal
2094:Ngiyambaa
2055:(or Eora)
1983:Gorualgal
1938:Mununjali
1887:Wiradjuri
1880:Wilyakali
1782:Paaruntyi
1775:Paakantyi
1768:Ngunnawal
1761:Ngiyampaa
1726:Nari-Nari
1663:Kuringgai
1418:Kuringgai
1312:143644513
1304:1444-3058
970:Billboard
271:Petersham
223:Caddiegal
128:Location:
69:Hierarchy
56:Caddiegal
2215:Victoria
2208:Tasmania
2153:See also
2139:Yugambeh
2029:Awabakal
1990:Jerrinja
1942:Tulgigin
1922:Yugambeh
1901:Wonnarua
1894:Wodiwodi
1817:Walbunja
1796:Tharawal
1789:Barindji
1705:Muruwari
1677:Kwiambal
1670:Kureinji
1628:Jukambal
1621:Jitajita
1572:Geawegal
1537:Djangadi
1495:Bigambul
1488:Bidjigal
1467:Awabakal
1334:11 April
1253:(1974).
1241:10 March
1201:11 March
1141:8 August
1119:11 April
1069:8 August
1049:10 March
976:8 August
935:10 March
929:ABC News
915:10 March
885:23 March
859:23 March
833:23 March
654:Archived
516:Archived
418:See also
364:Gadigal
340:smallpox
330:Governor
314:language
2053:Dharug
1997:Ngambri
1976:Gadigal
1928:Clans:
1915:Yaygirr
1873:Wiyabal
1852:Weilwan
1824:Walgalu
1754:Ngarigo
1747:Ngarbal
1740:Ngambaa
1698:Milpulo
1691:Maraura
1635:Galibal
1600:Gweagal
1502:Birrbay
1460:Arakwal
1273:22 July
897:Sources
880:TimeOut
348:Concord
219:Cadigal
215:Gadigal
158:151°5′E
155:33°50′S
108:Cadigal
60:Tindale
50:Cadigal
18:Cadigal
2250:Sydney
2132:Worimi
2011:Wangal
1908:Worimi
1614:Jeithi
1474:Banbai
1453:Anēwan
1310:
1302:
1161:19 May
1135:9Honey
1093:19 May
1079:"Home"
1026:
996:24 May
952:
723:24 May
660:5 July
522:5 July
493:
235:Sydney
183:Rivers
99:Dharug
1803:Thaua
1733:Ngaku
1530:Darug
1425:Murri
1411:Koori
1308:S2CID
692:7 May
430:Notes
366:elder
187:Cooks
48:aka:
2245:Eora
1951:Yuin
1551:Eora
1336:2017
1300:ISSN
1275:2017
1243:2021
1223:2018
1203:2021
1183:2018
1163:2014
1143:2020
1121:2017
1095:2014
1071:2020
1064:NITV
1051:2021
1024:ISBN
998:2007
978:2020
950:ISBN
937:2021
917:2021
887:2024
861:2024
835:2024
725:2007
694:2023
662:2014
600:RBGS
524:2014
491:ISBN
390:poet
231:Eora
221:and
213:The
1292:doi
2241::
1940:,
1936:,
1932:,
1306:.
1298:.
1288:38
1286:.
1261:.
1257:.
1233:.
1214:.
1193:.
1174:.
1132:.
1105:.
1081:.
1062:.
1041:.
967:.
927:.
907:.
878:.
851:.
826:.
711:.
682:.
664:.
592:^
544:^
461:^
320:.
303:.
289:.
237:,
189:,
138:,
134:,
1366:e
1359:t
1352:v
1338:.
1314:.
1294::
1277:.
1245:.
1225:.
1205:.
1185:.
1165:.
1145:.
1123:.
1097:.
1073:.
1053:.
1032:.
1013:.
1000:.
980:.
958:.
939:.
919:.
889:.
863:.
837:.
812:.
800:.
788:.
776:.
764:.
752:.
740:.
727:.
696:.
614:.
602:.
554:.
539:.
526:.
499:.
475:.
269:/
62:)
58:(
34:.
20:)
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