Canadian Football League in the United States

181:. NFL teams handily won most of these contests, however the most compelling reason they were discontinued was that minor league baseball attendance in both countries fell drastically in the 1950s and 1960s, a development which coincided with MLB telecasts reaching an ever-larger audience. This allowed CFL teams to take over several facilities originally designed to accommodate baseball for their exclusive use, and in turn allowed the CFL to play a less compressed schedule that eventually started in early summer. The NFL, by contrast, had neither the need nor the inclination to play throughout the summer in the much warmer U.S. climate, and thus continued to start its schedule in early September, thus making interleague play with the CFL unfeasible. 1909:

the Stallions appeared to be able to take the field in some form for the 1996 season. Of the American owners, Anderson was the most amenable to retaining an American-based team in 1996. While he initially stated that the league needed at least three other American teams for the Texans to be viable, he was willing to bring the Texans back for 1996 if the Stallions moved to Houston, since this would have not only ensured two American teams but also an intrastate rivalry. Anderson estimated that if there was even one other American team in the league, he could withstand annual losses of US$ 2 million indefinitely. However, that scenario looked less and less likely, as Speros—under prodding from Smith—had begun serious discussions with officials in

1330:. As part of the deal, Glieberman not only had to pay the expansion fee, but also had to settle his previous Ottawa debts. There was a groundswell of local support for the club, but also significant difficulties in its first year, including stifling weather, cultural clashes, organizational gaffes, and serious hints of under-capitalization (during training camp the team was housed in a dorm above a milking barn). A woeful record did not help, as the team lost its first 14 games. The Pirates showed some promise at the end of the season, reeling off a 3–1 record in their final four games; attendance also jumped, and the home finale drew over 32,000 fans to 40,000-seat 1802:, who turned out to be its final owner. In Calgary, Ryckman suggested he would move the Stampeders to the United States unless fans stepped up with 16,000 season tickets. While season ticket goals were met, the overall increase in attendance was modest in 1995 to 24,406 and would be wiped out the next year. In Toronto, Bruce McNall's finances collapsed in the midst of revelations of financial wrongdoing, and because Wayne Gretzky's salary relied on McNall, and John Candy had put his share in the team up for sale the day he died, hours before his death, the Argonauts effectively had no owners; the team would be operated by league television partner 1592:. The Alamodome offered two advantages over other U.S. facilities – it was a multi-purpose facility with retractable seating that could accommodate a full size CFL field, and it was an indoor, air-conditioned facility, meaning the teams playing there did not have to deal with the summer heat. The team continued to be bankrolled by the enthusiastic Fred Anderson. Archer, entering his fifth year as Anderson's quarterback, led the second best offence in the league; he nevertheless suffered an injury late in the season, prompting the team to hire 45-year-old 1518: 1098: 1505:

exceeded expectations. Williams knew that the 'Cudas potentially faced serious attendance problems once the traditional American football season began, and persuaded the CFL to let them play their late-season home games on Sunday afternoons – something the league had avoided in order to avoid putting its television broadcasts in direct competition with the NFL's. Williams calculated that competing with the NFL on television was a more reasonable risk to take compared to competition with local high school and

7123: 1549:, which had to be heavily reconfigured to accommodate the Canadian game. Astroturf sections were added around the grass field to accommodate the required width, while the expansion of the length of the field to 110 yards forced the end zones to become half Astroturf pentagons that averaged seven yards in the corners and fourteen yards behind the uprights. The grandstands stood mere yards from the end line, prompting veteran CFL quarterback 1930: 1353:, the team became infamous for botched gimmicks. Attendance, never good to begin with, dropped to embarrassing levels as the season went on. With such dreadful gates, the team's cash flow dwindled to the point that, according to one assistant coach, "we couldn't even afford paper." After only 2,350 attended an October home game against Winnipeg (the lowest-attended match since the CFL's founding in 1958), owner 878: 757: 1164:. The team's embrace of the Colts' history gained them an instant following in Baltimore and publicity in the national sports media, although an injunction obtained shortly before the team's first game forced the team to stop using "Colts" in their name and to instead refer to the team as the "Baltimore CFLers" or "Baltimore Football Club". Since Memorial Stadium had originally been built to accommodate 1395:, accepted the Packers, the idea of sharing the venue with a CFL team whose schedule substantially overlapped with Major League Baseball led them to reject the relocation. The Mississippi team was even included on the 1995 internal schedule and had hired a general manager and coaching staff, only for the deal to collapse amid squabbles with the Las Vegas corporation that owned the Posse. A group from 922:'s decision to stop its lucrative television sponsorship in 1987. The arrangement had provided steady income to all of the league's teams, reaching $ 11 million per season before its withdrawal. However, these guaranteed revenues, instead of being used to grow the league, had subsidized outdated and shoddy financial practices and marketing both at the team and league level. Longtime CFL commissioner 1577:, who put up decent numbers, the squad limped to a 5–13 record. As elsewhere, Shreveport saw a second season attendance decline, and with the season winding down, the city had clearly soured on the Gliebermans. They became embroiled in legal difficulties and, in one particularly absurd incident, Bernie Glieberman had his lawyer attempt (unsuccessfully) to abscond with a half-million dollar 3441: 1029:. A total of 15,362 attended, close to the averages later American teams would post. Portland was seriously considered for a franchise, but investors failed to emerge. The expansion announcement prompted numerous applications from a wide variety of American cities. By the end of the expansion era, a minimum of 22 cities are reported to have been considered for teams. 1596:(whom Stephenson had coached as a member of the Buffalo Bills) out of retirement to serve as a backup. They finished 12–6 and finally made the playoffs. In the first round they trounced Birmingham, 51–9, before falling to the Baltimore Stallions, 21–11, in the South Division final. Team attendance was around the same level Anderson had previously seen in Sacramento. 1905:

they learned that Glieberman was still facing legal disputes in Shreveport. The Barracudas resurfaced in the news in January 1996 when Williams sold them for $ 750,000 to a group that planned to move them to Shreveport as a replacement for the Pirates. However, that deal was contingent upon the league approving the sale and relocation, which never happened.

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impending return to Baltimore had cropped up as early as September. Speros and other insiders initially did not believe Modell was serious, a belief shared for a time even by some NFL owners. Even as it became clear that the Browns' relocation threat was credible, they still hoped NFL owners known to be opposed to the Browns' relocation such as

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another chance at major network exposure when NBC bought out the ESPN rights for $ 100,000 a game to make up for its lost football programming. NBC would air CFL games on Sunday afternoons with full NFL production values and announcing crews. However, every one of the four games shown was a blowout, and the league and network decided to

3431: 2069:, stricter standards of ownership, and increasingly lucrative television contracts negotiated with Canadian networks. The league has remained solely focused on its Canadian operations, with expansion efforts focused for decades on returning a stable team to Ottawa. The first attempt at a replacement for the Rough Riders, the 1414:, and Anderson blamed losses of US$ 10 million over two years on the facility. After attempts to have Sacramento State upgrade or replace the facility failed, he announced in October 1994—with two weeks to go in the season—that the Gold Miners would be playing elsewhere in 1995. Anderson initially intended to move to 1007:

issues with cash flow, later revealed to be the result of his wealth being inflated by illegal accounting, were one obvious instigator. While the newer owners championed expansion, equal distribution of the expansion fees also appealed to the community owned teams as these would shore up their finances.

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Even after the end of U.S. expansion, American investors continued to be involved with the CFL for many years at the ownership level, notably in Calgary and Ottawa. By the end of the first decade of the 21st century, all extant franchises except Montreal had come under Canadian ownership, leaving the

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Once the Browns' move became official, what remained of local support for the Stallions dried up almost overnight. The team responded with desperate measures, essentially giving away thousands of tickets for what would become the final CFL game played in the United States, and announced a respectable

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provides a similar estimate of US$ 21 million. The $ 10 million estimated loss in Birmingham was the most substantial, followed by US$ 4 to $ 6 million estimated for Anderson's Texans. Memphis and Shreveport losses were estimated at US$ 3 million apiece. The Baltimore losses were comparatively modest

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While the Stallions experienced a successful year on the field, and finished second to Edmonton in average attendance, the city's excitement of 1994 died down. Attendance declined, with season ticket sales dropping to around 17,000. Later reports suggested that attendance numbers had been inflated by

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With these changes, the CFL abandoned its longstanding East-West divisional format in favour of a North-South format for 1995. The five American teams—Baltimore, Birmingham, Memphis, San Antonio, and Shreveport—would be placed in the South Division, while the eight Canadian teams were included in the

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The Gold Miners, after spending much of 1993 adjusting to the Canadian game, rebounded strongly to finish 9–8–1 in their second season, three points short of the playoffs. They were led again by David Archer at quarterback, who had persisted with the team since its World League days as the Sacramento

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Against this economic backdrop, a new generation of venture capitalist owners took the place of the community groups, local consortiums, or philanthropists that typically had owned the teams and operated them without any serious profit motive. They were led by McNall in Toronto, Glieberman in Ottawa,

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stars, including Willie Mitchell, who scored the Lions' only touchdown in a 13–7 loss in front of 12,583. Western teams were mostly ignored by U.S. clubs as potential opposition for preseason interleague contests, although this was in part due to the more onerous travel requirements to Western Canada

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Prior to and even after the formation of the CFL, the teams of the IRFU (which eventually became the CFL's Eastern Football Conference) were regarded, especially in Eastern Canada, as superior to the Western Canadian teams. Starting in the 1930s, Western Canadian teams had begun aggressively scouting

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Other legal troubles were left over in wake of the expansion collapse. Louisiana courts eventually ordered the Gliebermans to repay Shreveport US$ 1 million with interest; the dispute centered over whether the city had agreed to share losses or simply lent money to the ownership group. Art Williams,

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as a minority partner. Williams had decided to get out even before Baltimore's fate was announced; a day after the Barracudas were eliminated from the playoffs (and a day before the Browns announced they were leaving Cleveland), he announced that the squad would not be playing in Birmingham in 1996,

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was openly disparaging Canadian rules and teams. Officials of the new American teams found that the Canadian clubs were hesitant to accommodate the new American audience. The Canadian owners, for their part, refused to make any major changes to the rules, the schedule, or the name of the league; the

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Baltimore was far and away the most successful of any American CFL team both the field and off, averaging crowds of over 37,000 their first year. Knowing that Canadian football was considerably different from the American game, Speros stocked the Baltimore club mostly with CFL veterans. As coach, he

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In response to a disparity between the East and West Divisions, it was decided in the middle of the season to grant the fourth place Western team a playoff berth. There was speculation this was done in part to ensure Sacramento remained in playoff contention as long as possible and at the insistence

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The experiment started on a sour note, however, when an ownership dispute forced Benson to pull San Antonio out on the same evening the franchise was to be formally introduced. Anderson decided to continue with the venture after Benson's withdrawal, but made clear that he did not want his team to be

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With the exception of Baltimore, all of the American teams consistently lost money. Tension also arose between the American and Canadian contingents over rule changes, scheduling, import rules, and marketing. Facing these difficulties, the league returned to being exclusively Canadian beginning with

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The expansion fees themselves were a significant legacy of the expansion effort. Smith claims US$ 14 to $ 15 million was brought in and that it saved the league. A more modest assessment suggests expansion saved the Stampeders and Tiger-Cats—both teams were undeniably in distress during the era—and

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Smith had given the American teams until the end of January 1996 to decide whether they would return for the 1996 season. By then, sources were stating that four of the five American teams had "either folded, have no stadiums to play in or will not be permitted to be part of the CFL in 1996." Only

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Canadian teams were facing their own troubles, particularly with attendance. The eight Canadian teams were down to an average of 22,740 in 1994, a drop of 3,000 from the previous year. It marked the beginning of an historic trough in Canadian CFL attendance that would last for most of the 1990s. A

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Despite some positive initial attendance numbers, after three years it was clear that general American fan interest in Canadian football was sparse. Differences in the Canadian game, such as three downs and the larger field, had not been embraced south of the border. While the CFL had a small deal

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college football. Despite the time change, attendance still dropped to unsustainable levels; none of the final four home games attracted more than 10,000 people. Williams claimed to have lost at least US$ 10 million on the season—at least as much as his startup costs—and blamed fan apathy for the

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The end came swiftly in the months after the Grey Cup. By the time of a December 1 CFL Board of Governors meeting, the Mad Dogs had folded and the Barracudas were on the brink. The Pirates held out a little longer and flirted with a relocation to Norfolk, but local officials broke off talks after

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following a settlement between Modell, the NFL and the city of Cleveland) it soon became apparent that there wasn't enough advertising revenue or fan support to go around. Additionally, the Stallions would have faced serious logistical problems with Memorial Stadium once the NFL season started in

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Tension had also arisen between the American and Canadian teams. As early as the 1994 Grey Cup, the American owners, led by Speros in Baltimore, were calling for numerous changes to accommodate the American teams and their potential fans. They proposed that the end zones be reduced to 15 yards in

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and won convincingly, 37–20. The first and only American team to take the championship, the 1995 Stallions team has since acquired a reputation as one of the CFL's best ever. At the time, their .756 winning percentage over their first two seasons was the best start for an expansion team in North

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Like Williams, Smith knew the Mad Dogs would face an uphill battle attracting fans once the traditional American football season started. As was the case in Birmingham, Smith persuaded the CFL to let the Dogs play their late-season home games on Sundays to avoid competing against high school and

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was hired as league commissioner in February 1992, reportedly on the explicit understanding that he would pursue American expansion. While Smith would become the most visible face of the era, he emphasized that it was the owners who drove the initiative, particularly McNall and Ryckman. McNall's

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cable network signed a deal in 1980 to broadcast 30 CFL regular season games and the playoffs (including the Grey Cup game) in the United States, and CFL games became a fixture of the early years of the network. Two years later, in 1982, after NFL players went on strike in September, the CFL got

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would persuade Modell to come to terms with Cleveland. Nonetheless, by November the rumors were enough to seriously impair the Stallions' marketing efforts, and attendance for the team's semi-final against Winnipeg (played two days before the Browns' announcement) was a franchise low of 21,040.

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for the following season. A day after the game, the Stallions' owners called Commissioner Smith and requested a meeting in Toronto; Smith's summary of their position was "we'll pay our bills but we're done." The Stallions had been broadsided by the announcement, even though rumors of the NFL's

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rights for 1996. There was no widespread national promotional effort for the league in the U.S., and the general preference to avoid competing with the NFL in major markets hurt its efforts to reach out to major media platforms. Moreover, the July to November CFL season, designed to ensure the

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at quarterback, the Barracudas fell short of the South Division title, but remained competitive throughout the year. Despite selling only 2,000 season tickets and facing community apathy after numerous attempts at pro football squads had failed in the city, attendance for the first three games

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On January 13, 1993, the league approved both franchises by a vote of 7–1, with Winnipeg dissenting. League owners also decided not to apply the requirement of 20 "non-import" Canadian-raised players to the American squads after being advised that such a requirement would be a violation of US

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Against this backdrop, a second round of league meetings was held on February 2, where all five American franchises, including the Stallions, were formally shuttered, bringing the CFL's American expansion to a close. At the same time, former Stallions owner Speros was granted a "reactivated"

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North Division. The top five Canadian teams and top three American teams would qualify for the playoffs; the fifth-seeded North team would "cross over" to the South playoffs, for a total of four teams per playoff bracket. The league gained its first national American television contract with

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The Las Vegas situation was one of a bevy of developments faced by the league in the 1994–1995 offseason. The Posse were officially disbanded in April 1995, but not before the CFL damaged its credibility by twice granting provisional approval for the franchise's relocation, first to

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The re-establishment of the Montreal Alouettes remains as the major legacy of the American experiment. Commissioner Smith, under pressure from the CFLPA and keen to ensure Montreal's new team was a Grey Cup contender from the outset, persuaded the other eight CFL teams to permit an

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was controversially excluded from a merger with the NFL, the Buffalo game drew more than 18,000 fans – a decent crowd for the era. In 1958, the first season officially played under the CFL moniker, Hamilton defeated Ottawa in a regular-season contest in front of about 15,000 in

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agreed to a 14-game regular season package of its own; unlike the NFL Network, NBC opted to broadcast games during the NFL preseason as well as cover the playoffs and Grey Cup. Both the NBC and ESPN deals were renewed in 2013 with a slight scaling back of playoff coverage and

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Further U.S. expansion has been occasionally proposed informally. However, the league itself has expressed little interest in these proposals and U.S. expansion has not been formally explored. The spectre of American CFL games has mainly been used as a device for satire and

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Agreement on rules and schedules might have been reached had the league achieved economic stability, but losses among American teams were drastic and widespread. In 1995 alone, Fred Anderson estimated that the U.S. teams had collectively lost more than US$ 20 million.

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announced the team was suspending operations. To avoid shuttering a team mid-season, the league moved the Posse's final home game to Edmonton. The team was little better on the field, finishing 5–13—the second-worst record in the league (ahead of only the Pirates).

1726:, the Stallions started 2–3, but then steamrolled through the rest of the season, winning 13 games in a row to finish first in the South Division. They knocked off Winnipeg and then San Antonio in the South Division final. They faced the Calgary Stampeders in the 2101:

in which the Alouettes were allowed to draft only Canadian players to allow the team to remain competitive under the more restrictive rule regime, finishing their first season 12–6 and advancing to the East Final. Eventually, Speros would sell the Alouettes to

261:, being called upon to entertain their regional neighbours. News reports from the time suggest a hybrid game of three down Canadian ball played on the more restricted 100 yard American field. One BC–Winnipeg matchup in 1960 was held not on the west coast but in 1739:

giveaways and the team projected some losses in 1995. Despite these difficulties, the Stallions remained the model that lent the American expansion project credibility; other American owners looked to Baltimore in deciding on the future of their own teams.

174:(whose facilities hosted several NFL teams) and minor league baseball attracting large crowds in both countries. As a result, much like their American counterparts, the Canadian leagues played mainly in the autumn after the baseball season had wound down. 1970:

and barred from doing business in Alberta. After the indictment of McNall, Ryckman was the second major architect of expansion to run afoul of the law; the Stampeders were later bought by Sig Gutsche via a receivership court for $ 1.6 million on April 3.

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Most exhibition games involving Canadian teams in the U.S. tended to be characterized by low scores and frequent punting, with crowds between 10,000 and 20,000; these numbers dropped off in the last two games of the era. A low-scoring BC–Edmonton game in

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football. It was of no avail; late in the season the Mad Dogs struggled to attract more than 10,000 people. Like Williams, Smith publicly blamed community apathy and media hostility for the lackluster attendance. The team went 9–9 in their only year.

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if it returned at all. Earlier, he had stated that he was not willing to play another season in Birmingham unless the league moved to a spring schedule; he felt it would be folly to risk another season going head-to-head with Alabama and Auburn.

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The idea of expansion into the United States began to take shape in the early 1990s, prompted by precarious ownership situations and chronic money shortages among the existing Canadian teams. The chief catalyst of the league's struggles was

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in an era when rail travel was the norm and the fact the WIFU moved up the start of its regular season long before the Eastern section followed suit. It would not be until 2019 that NFL teams would play any sort of contest in Western Canada.

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Alouettes' Wetenhall as the league's only American owner. Wetenhall sold his franchise back to the league prior to the start of the 2019 season, thus putting the CFL under exclusively Canadian-based ownership for the first time in decades.

109:. While the CFL's presence on U.S. television has consistently been limited to cable TV networks and streaming services, its U.S. TV audience was enough to account for about 20% of the league's total North American viewership during the 1961:

stepped in and provided enough sponsorship money to allow both competing teams to collect their paychecks. The Rough Riders disbanded at the end of the season and the Stampeders declared bankruptcy after Ryckman was fined $ 250,000 for

1180:, who had already played in two Grey Cups and won one. The result was a team that eventually finished second in the East with a 12–6 record and became the first American team to qualify for the playoffs, advancing all the way to the 1140:

in Canada. Shreveport and Baltimore were placed in the East Division, while Sacramento and Las Vegas wound up in the West. The playoffs were expanded again to eight teams (four per division). Another team was to have been added in

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With the Posse folding, the Gold Miners moving, and the Pirates facing money troubles, three of the four CFL expansion teams had stumbled. The league, however, still managed to expand into two new markets for the 1995 season. The

4465: 1318:. The Gliebermans had hinted at moving the Rough Riders to the United States, making them even more unpopular than they already were in Canada's capital. As part of a settlement with the CFL, Glieberman sold the Rough Riders to 1794:

massive league-wide season ticket drive was undertaken prior to 1995. Commissioner Larry Smith told the Rough Riders and Tiger-Cats that unless they sold more tickets, they would be forced to either fold or move. Ottawa owner

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to form the CFL in 1958. Until well into the second half of the twentieth century, football in both countries was often played in facilities designed for baseball, the most popular summer sport in both countries, with both

4436: 1481:, which agreed to televise more than 20 regular season games, plus the playoffs. The deal was reportedly worth about $ 1.5 million (equivalent to $ 3 million in 2023). The CFL would remain on the network until 1997. 5446: 128:

Until 1993, the Canadian Football League, and its predecessor associations, had always operated solely within Canada, despite most other professional sports leagues in North America being cross-border enterprises. The

1953:, with Smith describing the move as a "retrenchment". This, however, did not stem the troubles the teams were facing. With no expansion fee revenue to buoy them, eight of the nine teams would lose money in 1996. The 1860:(one of the few dignitaries to attend the Stallions' championship celebration) and some others claimed it was possible that the Stallions could coexist with Modell's team (which was ultimately reconstituted as the 715:

The idea of attracting American fans through television has long been a goal of the CFL although the results have been intermittent. As early as 1954, the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union (forerunner of the

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was offered the chance to buy the Argonauts, and countered with a proposal to buy the entire league and "have it migrate south", which the owners refused. McMahon would instead partner with NBC to create the

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in Memphis. While few of the American stadiums to host Canadian football were ideal, the literal and figurative corners cut at the Liberty Bowl were particularly severe; the field was well short of regulation

8147: 7251: 8162: 7457: 8543: 7965: 5200: 7472: 5492: 1990:, it would mean the end of the CFL. Instead, in exchange for a new player agreement between the leagues, the NFL provided the CFL franchises with marketing assistance and a $ 3 million loan in 1997. 8558: 8336: 7980: 4487: 7752: 756: 2672:

For several years after the expansion era contract with ESPN ended in 1997, the CFL was absent from American television. At the end of 2001, the league began a relationship with the now-defunct

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enraged after discovering some American owners had received discounts and extended payment periods on their franchise fees, threatened litigation and at first refused to honour the balance of

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network that would last until 2009. Coverage was relatively generous with 43 games, including the playoffs, covered in the last year. A more modest deal of 14 games was negotiated with the

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Eleven neutral-site IRFU/WIFU/CFL games have been played on American soil. The earliest of these dates to 1909, while the bulk occurred between 1951 and 1967. The 1909 game, featuring the

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were confronting an attendance swoon, fan malaise, and struggling community ownership. Both Southern Ontario teams faced competition at the gate and for general attention from the NFL's

98:(including exhibition games) have been held in the United States. In earlier decades when the CFL season started much later than it does today (i.e. around the same time as that of the 2693:

also picking up a handful of games in the summer months. Since 2013, CFL games have been broadcast exclusively on the ESPN networks in the United States; American broadcasts have been

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September. Speros said years later that all of this led him to conclude that the Stallions would have effectively been reduced to "minor league" status had they stayed in Baltimore.

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in the United States were generally seen to inhibit the chances of any sort of expansion into the United States. Lackluster CFL television ratings in the United States during the

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playoffs finish before Canada's harsh winters set in, forced most American teams to play the first half of the season in oppressive heat and the second half in competition with

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The CFL has also attempted to find a television audience in the United States, with one notable venture coinciding with the NFL players' strike in 1982, and more recently on

7467: 6019: 4763: 4368: 3663: 930:, already having been rescued from failure five years prior, folded during the 1987 preseason. It would take two decades for economic equilibrium to again be reestablished. 5001: 1145:; however, in a debacle that had now become a pattern, the presumptive ownership group failed to appear at the press conference announcing their formation in January 1994. 8553: 7975: 5084: 1774:

length, that the Grey Cup be played earlier in the year, that player quotas be removed for all teams, and that a league name change be considered. By 1995, Mad Dogs coach

1573:, meanwhile, whatever positive momentum the Pirates had gained at the end of the 1994 season failed to carry over into 1995. Despite the signing of former NFL quarterback 236:, was billed as the first true all-Canadian game played in the United States. Played in a city that at the time was embittered with the National Football League after its 5535: 5170: 8346: 4547: 2018:

at the same stadiums as their respective CFL franchises previously played. Following massive losses, NBC and the WWF shuttered the XFL after one year, though it would

5885: 5617: 7762: 5643: 5356: 2708:, CFL broadcasts on ESPN attracted an average of 163,000 U.S. viewers per game, which accounted for about one-fifth of the total North American television audience. 5109: 3151: 3498: 5698: 5047: 6079: 5825: 4399: 3698: 988:

and their fans were being treated to disappointing squads on the field and constant drama off the field from the team's under-capitalized and mercurial owner,

6998: 6988: 5197: 67:, after which two more teams joined, one re-located and one folded to bring the total to five in 1995. In the latter year, the teams were aligned into a new 5805: 5489: 3759: 8719: 8709: 1814:

With these troubles still fresh, the NFL then dealt the CFL's American expansion a critical blow. On November 6, 1995—the week of the South Division Final—

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and averaged around 17,000 fans per game (down slightly from the roughly 21,000 fans per game the Surge had drawn in 1992), selling 9,000 season tickets.

7088: 6958: 190: 95: 6422: 3241: 3183: 3093: 2923: 2891: 2821: 1454:

in January 1995. The Memphis deal was hailed as a large step forward for the league's presence in the U.S., as it brought in the wealth of team owner

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the games on the NBC stations closest to the Canadian border, and ratings were a major disappointment. NBC quickly backed out of the arrangement.

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The post-expansion financial crisis would eventually elicit a response from the NFL. By the end of 1996, speculation was rampant that if the NFL

1407:. An exhibition game between Birmingham and Baltimore was held there in June 1995 to gauge support, which drew a decent crowd just above 20,000. 5234: 5940: 2979: 1921:

and much of the Stallions' coaching and front office staff moved north to Montreal and much of the club's roster re-signed with the Alouettes.

1200:. Perhaps most remarkably, they were reported to have turned a profit in their first year after an initial US$ 7 million investment by Speros. 3406: 3380: 3293: 3119: 8699: 7395: 5757: 4360: 3351: 3267: 3209: 3061: 3005: 2343: 161:

There had been an ongoing degree of cross-fertilization between Canadian and American leagues for several decades prior to the merger of the

8481: 7903: 6816: 3577: 130: 49: 6131: 5962: 4630: 4194: 2110:, returned the team to stability off the field while steering it to three Grey Cups on the field. Longtime Alouettes starting quarterback 8689: 5578: 937:, every team in the league had faced some kind of crisis in the years leading up to 1993. In addition to Montreal's sudden collapse, the 2106:, with Smith resigning as commissioner to become President of the team. Wetenhall's patient ownership, and a move to the more intimate 1541:. In 1995, Fred Smith's ownership group, which had narrowly missed out on an NFL team, was awarded a CFL franchise to begin play as the 278:, in 1967 drew just over 6,000; there would not be another CFL game in the United States until the cusp of US expansion itself in 1992. 8714: 8282: 4699: 5408: 4574: 1846:

attendance of 30,217 for their South Division Final victory over San Antonio. It was to no avail; the Grey Cup victory celebration in

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became a frequent site for WIFU and later CFL preseason games in the 1950s and 1960s with Western Canadian teams, particularly the

7018: 7008: 6771: 4755: 2046:, the latter of which was brought to Memphis by Mad Dogs owner Fred Smith) both hosted teams in the XFL's contemporary rivals, the 1853:

Speros quickly realized that as successful as the Stallions had been, they could not even begin to compete with an NFL team. While

249:, 24–18. It remains the only CFL game played outside Canada, involving two Canadian teams, that actually counted in the standings. 32:(CFL), which features teams based in Canada, has made efforts to gain further audience in the United States, most directly through 6027: 4841: 4063: 3993: 2776: 1108:, easily the most successful CFL expansion team in the United States. They averaged more than 30,000 fans each of their two years. 253:

for and recruiting players from the rich American talent pool, largely in an effort to achieve parity with the East. The American

6837: 6832: 6389: 5992: 4993: 4945: 4919: 4815: 4241: 4141: 2722: 2114:

was the last remaining active player that played for an American CFL team (Las Vegas) upon his retirement after the 2013 season.

1823: 1076: 5080: 1338:

Surge. However, in what was to become a trend during the CFL expansion, the second Sacramento season saw an attendance decline.

6786: 6766: 6415: 5527: 5268: 5162: 4971: 4893: 4677: 4170: 3819: 2059: 1157: 1068: 717: 589: 481: 246: 166: 4337: 4089: 6141: 4789: 3858: 2558: 7241: 5878: 4539: 2680:

in 2010, which lasted two years. The 2012 season began without a contract and the league resorted to internet broadcasts on

1021:

With the green light from the owners, Smith began the task of expanding the league across the border, beginning with a June

7167: 5601: 2741: 2650: 2316: 2051: 1779:

only concession they made was to allow smaller field sizes in American stadiums that could not fit a regulation CFL field.

162: 8152: 5348: 3141: 1753:

with ESPN2, a major television contract had not materialized; efforts by the league's U.S. teams to negotiate a deal with

8082: 7028: 5106: 3506: 1987: 94:

While expansion was the most notable CFL effort in the United States, the league had also made previous inroads. Eleven

7336: 7331: 6680: 6524: 6298: 6270: 5639: 2090: 8679: 8233: 7996: 7388: 7267: 7127: 6408: 6326: 6197: 5936: 5694: 5611: 2184: 1331: 1072: 1033: 1003: 8548: 7970: 7462: 6075: 4391: 8474: 7896: 7545: 6806: 2107: 1723: 661: 4513: 3880: 3789: 2945: 1083:

of Ryckman, who preferred the revenue of two playoff games for his first-place Stampeders over a first-round bye.

7636: 7160: 6321: 3767: 3702: 6881: 8629: 8607: 8275: 8075: 8040: 8035: 7303: 7048: 6341: 6336: 6303: 3967: 2397: 2208: 1153: 1041: 373: 7757: 6105: 5785:"XFL announces eight host cities for relaunch in 2023; no New York, California teams for first time in league" 7683: 7540: 6963: 6791: 6754: 6685: 5743: 2461: 2047: 1994: 1967: 1558: 1546: 1522: 1506: 729: 150: 1399:, tried to convince the league to let it buy the remains of the Posse and move them to South Florida as the 8448: 8367: 7631: 7488: 7381: 7101: 6852: 6660: 6331: 6288: 3083: 2913: 2811: 2624: 2392: 2272: 1161: 1101: 6643: 3315: 3027: 2846: 8467: 7889: 7854: 7106: 6842: 6690: 6437: 6293: 3475: 3231: 3173: 2881: 2035: 1718:

The Baltimore franchise finally received a permanent name, the "Baltimore Stallions." Led by quarterback

1411: 1341:

At the other end of the spectrum, the Posse were an abject failure both on the field and off. Playing in

20: 6053: 3529: 6749: 5378: 3932: 1346: 960:

were embroiled in a series of ownership crises after the initially successful ownership triumvirate of

476: 319: 200: 2054:, respectively. Baltimore owner Jim Speros would later briefly re-emerge as the original owner of the 8268: 6901: 6718: 6665: 5970: 1172:

as well as football, its playing surface was large enough to accommodate a full-size Canadian field.

440: 5932: 2975: 1500:

with 15-yard end zones (five yards shorter than the standard 20 yards). Led by future Hall of Famer

8341: 7676: 7078: 6469: 4421:

Salguero, Armando (March 8, 1995). "CFL in OB? Wayne may have rival". The Miami Herald. p. 3D.

3402: 3376: 3289: 3115: 2949: 2532: 2043: 1562: 1380: 942: 785: 625: 579: 543: 134: 99: 29: 3659: 3347: 3263: 3205: 3057: 3001: 2089:

in more distant Canadian markets until the late 2010s when the league commenced negotiations with

1345:

on the outskirts of the city and practicing on an ersatz practice field in the parking lot of the

6811: 6801: 2851: 2441: 2011: 1497: 1489: 741: 1036:, an attempt by the NFL to create a spring league in major markets without NFL teams (including 8650: 8211: 7231: 7204: 7183: 7083: 7033: 6723: 6599: 6247: 6147: 5570: 3236: 2362: 2179: 2174: 1510: 1259: 1053: 827: 71:. The three years saw numerous ownership debacles on both sides of the U.S.–Canada border. The 60: 8142: 8098: 7933: 6867: 6708: 6670: 6584: 6474: 6227: 6190: 5810: 5349:"Meetings end, but busy days ahead for CFL Number of teams, import quotas must be worked out" 2645: 2640: 2407: 2311: 1639: 1588:, the San Antonio Texans finally found success on the field in 1995 playing in the brand new 1485: 1451: 1165: 950: 862: 792: 687: 507: 171: 142: 6169: 6761: 6728: 6675: 6623: 6358: 2586: 2553: 2527: 1763: 1731: 1430:

back to its original city (the move came to pass). The Gold Miners eventually moved to the

1400: 1372: 1368: 926:, who had negotiated the league's sponsorship deals with Carling, had retired in 1984. The 237: 4281: 4111: 2022:—conspicuously absent from any markets where the CFL resided (subsequent XFL owners would 19:"CFL USA" redirects here. For the 1960s American league that also abbreviated as CFL, see 8: 8118: 7525: 7452: 7404: 7023: 6862: 6796: 6700: 6652: 6579: 6548: 6492: 6484: 6446: 6222: 4863: 4604: 2412: 2267: 2260: 2123: 2055: 2027: 1828: 1623: 1419: 1227: 1117: 1105: 985: 973: 869: 799: 679: 620: 584: 548: 471: 463: 355: 327: 275: 225: 196: 153:

enter the CFL after the league suspended operations saw little interest in both leagues.

72: 8538: 8490: 8426: 8312: 8013: 7960: 7912: 7657: 7357: 7068: 7058: 6942: 6615: 6609: 6604: 6559: 6497: 6459: 6371: 6252: 6242: 5996: 4837: 4059: 3989: 3178: 3146: 2781: 2698: 2685: 2614: 2485: 2456: 2368: 2358: 2348: 2306: 2082: 1963: 1934: 1869: 1854: 1803: 1687: 1671: 1574: 1530: 1455: 1439: 1435: 1327: 1311: 1307: 1275: 1133: 1121: 1049: 989: 938: 927: 919: 885: 848: 841: 820: 771: 651: 571: 512: 337: 332: 266: 262: 210: 117: 4941: 4915: 4811: 4237: 4137: 2065:

The CFL re-gained financial stability in the 2000s, mostly thanks to enforcement of a

1790:

at US$ 1 to $ 1.5 million, but stung the league, given the prestige of the franchise.

7053: 6713: 6507: 6137: 5806:"Memphis Showboats return to USFL, will play at Simmons Bank Liberty Stadium in 2023" 5737: 5607: 2619: 2596: 1873: 1785: 1404: 1392: 1169: 957: 806: 732:. Over subsequent years various non-major networks picked up an assortment of games. 697: 643: 409: 368: 363: 254: 233: 229: 53: 45: 5264: 4967: 4889: 4673: 4166: 3815: 3616:

Cox, Damien (August 11, 1995). "Bills expect compensation if NFL comes to Toronto".

1517: 8404: 8331: 8291: 7815: 7783: 7720: 7362: 6857: 6594: 6553: 6502: 6237: 6183: 5500: 5208: 4333: 4085: 2451: 2228: 2111: 2103: 2074: 2070: 2007: 1861: 1815: 1767: 1758: 1655: 1542: 1447: 1342: 1142: 1045: 1037: 1026: 934: 855: 813: 778: 656: 615: 517: 435: 404: 399: 4785: 3854: 221:

and did not feature modern rules such as the forward pass like the American game.

102:), NFL teams were occasionally invited northward for exhibition interleague play. 7747: 7699: 7315: 7096: 6589: 6400: 6313: 6280: 6262: 6232: 5915: 5496: 5204: 5113: 2742:"New football league hope slim // CFL 'lukewarm' to merger with the defunct USFL" 2705: 2223: 2218: 2098: 2039: 2031: 1950: 1795: 1471: 1459: 1427: 1350: 1319: 1243: 1113: 1092: 1022: 1016: 834: 205: 146: 110: 88: 41: 37: 5909:

Toronto Argos win April Fool's Day with announcement of game against NFL's Bills

8613: 8432: 7309: 3320: 3031: 2918: 2816: 2749: 2591: 2540: 2475: 2387: 2339: 2198: 2081:'s consortium. Further expansion efforts were limited to one-off games such as 2015: 1897: 1893: 1885: 1775: 1396: 1376: 1137: 1097: 1071:

and finished last with a record of 6–12. The Gold Miners played at the austere

692: 218: 33: 1983:

that the other Canadian teams were able to maintain a semblance of stability.

1040:), suspended its North American operations after its 1992 season. WLAF owners 8673: 8019: 7615: 7610: 7592: 7509: 6464: 2576: 2334: 1998: 1954: 1938: 1877: 1835: 1727: 1550: 1388: 1197: 1185: 997: 977: 965: 725: 553: 445: 1148:

The Baltimore CFL Colts made headlines before even playing a down. Owned by

8194: 8178: 7574: 6847: 6175: 5722:"CANOE – SLAM! Sports – Wrestling – Wrestlemania 23: Vince McMahon Q&A" 3618: 3436: 2417: 2286: 2203: 2023: 1976: 1942: 1857: 1847: 1838: 1593: 1533:

had been a prime target for either expansion or relocation, as it was near

1501: 1493: 1177: 961: 923: 242: 5842: 5528:"CFL asks federal government for $ 150 million to help cope with shutdown" 8511: 8399: 8217: 7832: 7152: 7038: 5966: 5826:

League office to take over prospective UFL franchise; Speros out as owner

3088: 2886: 2677: 2673: 2436: 2431: 2247: 2086: 1958: 1949:

The entire league was once again based only in Canada beginning with the

1538: 1354: 8067: 4517: 3884: 3793: 7562: 7212: 7073: 6927: 6911: 6906: 6896: 5789: 4198: 2953: 2718:

List of National Football League games played outside the United States

2330: 2296: 2077:

launched in 2014 and have so far been a success under the ownership of

2066: 2019: 2003: 1831: 1819: 1754: 1585: 1570: 1534: 1326:, and in return was granted a US-based expansion team which became the 1149: 1112:

In 1994 the Gold Miners were joined by three other American teams: the

981: 969: 145:

seemed to bolster this argument. A proposal by Bill Tatham to have his

7373: 3701:. Regina, Saskatchewan: Leader Post. November 23, 2013. Archived from 1798:

went bankrupt after the 1994 season, placing the team in the hands of

8574: 8459: 7941: 7881: 7838: 7535: 7530: 7425: 4263: 3499:"Every Game Was Terrible: The Year The CFL Failed To Conquer America" 2914:"Hamilton vanquished Ottawas in exhibition game at New York saturday" 2694: 2604: 2373: 2242: 2078: 1889: 1799: 1719: 1589: 1578: 1431: 5571:"Arizona Court of Appeals: Alberta Securities Commission v. Ryckman" 5490:"CFL's American experiment ends as Stallions move north to Montreal" 3468:"The CFL on NBC — how it happened, and how it went so wrong in 1982" 2701:, of which current U.S. broadcaster ESPN is a minority shareholder. 1888:. At one point, he was prepared to move to Houston and play in the 8409: 8260: 7568: 7433: 6744: 6454: 6133:

End Zones and Border Wars: The Era of American Expansion in the CFL

6101: 6020:"CFL Finally Has A US TV Contract; Games Air On NBC Sports Network" 3502: 2291: 1918: 1910: 1423: 1193: 1189: 1181: 946: 764: 607: 535: 499: 427: 391: 258: 76: 7668: 1418:, but quickly abandoned those plans after it became apparent that 8645: 8590: 8249: 8124: 8056: 7870: 7799: 7652: 7504: 7352: 7283: 1881: 1415: 1387:

before the Packers decided to move their entire home schedule to

177:

Until the early 1960s, such arrangements allowed for a number of

5307:"John Candy, Comedic Film Star, Is Dead of a Heart Attack at 44" 1929: 63:, joined in 1993. The league added three more American teams in 7728: 3142:"15,000 Fans at Philadelphia See Canadian League Football Game" 1315: 4462:"CFL has reason to believe they will be received in Graceland" 3467: 1334:, the highest for any U.S.-hosted CFL game outside Baltimore. 8519: 6932: 2690: 2681: 1478: 1129: 217:; this in the era when the Canadian game was more similar to 214: 133:

of the Canadian and American games and the popularity of the

5724:. Slam.canoe.ca. Archived from the original on July 18, 2012 5697:. Seattle Times. Bloomberg News Service. November 30, 1997. 4488:"CFL expansion expected in Birmingham; what about the Posse" 3753: 3751: 1917:

Alouettes franchise in Montreal. Stallions general manager

1391:

beginning in 1995; while County Stadium's main tenants, the

877: 6937: 2062:

but withdrew from the purchase before the team began play.

1125: 736: 728:

of 1962 was—at least until play was suspended—broadcast by

116:

As of 2023, CFL games began airing in the United States on

106: 80: 64: 5298: 5081:"Football's CFL-USA teams tried to give NFL run for money" 4756:"SPORTS PEOPLE: FOOTBALL; Ferguson, 45, Signs C.F.L. Deal" 3578:"'I really pissed off Gretzky:' Former Kings owner McNall" 1979:'s sizable contract before the matter entered litigation. 1581:

automobile that Glieberman had donated to a local museum.

56:

played in the United States and other parts of the world.

4433:"CFL to move out of Sacramento – are they Oakland bound?" 3748: 1132:

picked up some games alongside the usual broadcasting by

721: 7139: 945:

had to mount public campaigns to survive. By 1993, the

888:

Cities and provinces/states which have hosted CFL teams:

5758:"XFL's Vegas Vipers get home, schedule for 2023 season" 724:

that lasted a year and featured 13 games. The infamous

265:, presumably because both teams had a number of former 5235:"Not-so-friendly persuasion selling tickets in Canada" 4540:"Stallions' Speros optimistic about CFL-ESPN contract" 3174:"Canadian Football Invasion Pleases Philadelphia Fans" 980:, then in the middle of their run of four consecutive 953:

faced $ 3 million in debt, despite frugal management.

5062: 5060: 3290:"Saskatchewan Roughriders 7 vs Calgary Stampeders 14" 2812:"Tiger-Cats trounce Argos before 18,146 Buffalo fans" 2195:

CFL regulation (end zones clipped for running track)

1553:

to call the end zones "a lawsuit waiting to happen."

6076:"60 CFL games to be delivered live on ESPN networks" 5329: 5327: 4361:"Canadian Football in Milwaukee? It Almost Happened" 3699:"New book by Willes explores the CFL's American era" 3028:"Eskimoes-Lions exhibition draws 10,000 at Portland" 2777:"Home away from home has happened before for Ticats" 1941:

was a driving force behind American expansion. Like

1410:

The Gold Miners grew increasingly dissatisfied with

1025:

exhibition game between the Argos and Stampeders in

5290:Hofmeister, Sallie. "The Hard Fall of a Salesman". 4653: 4456: 4454: 3403:"Baltimore Stallions 37 vs Birmingham Barracudas 0" 2496: 191:

List of neutral site Canadian Football League games

6430: 5057: 3933:"Baltimore's Forgotten Champions: An Oral History" 3116:"Ottawa Rough Riders 18 vs Hamilton Tiger-Cats 24" 2847:"7,511 Fans Watch Calgary Beat Roughrider Gidders" 2073:, played from 2002 to 2005. A second attempt, the 1196:defeated Baltimore on a last-second field goal by 224:The next game, a 1951 match-up between the IRFU's 5676: 5674: 5324: 4631:"N.F.L. Expansion Surprise: Jacksonville Jaguars" 4190: 4188: 4161: 4159: 3935:. Capital News Service (University of Maryland). 2472:Pentagon end zones, from 5 to 12 yards in length 1957:was nearly canceled before the coffee shop chain 1450:were announced in November 1994, followed by the 1383:, which for the previous four decades had hosted 949:had experienced years of ownership chaos and the 8671: 4451: 3371: 3369: 2976:"Toronto Argonauts 11 vs Hamilton Tiger-Cats 17" 2667: 5042: 5040: 5038: 5036: 5034: 5032: 4786:"Canadian Football League 1995 Season Schedule" 3855:"Canadian Football League 1994 Season Schedule" 2093:to place an expansion team in Atlantic Canada. 1067:The Gold Miners were placed in the very strong 75:became the only American-based team to win the 5750: 5671: 5198:"Speros reportedly close to pulling Stallions" 4185: 4156: 3927: 3925: 3923: 3921: 3919: 3917: 3915: 3724: 3722: 3720: 3559: 3557: 3555: 3377:"Toronto Argonauts 1 vs Calgary Stampeders 20" 179:CFL–NFL interleague games to be held in Canada 8475: 8384:Canadian Football League in the United States 8276: 8083: 7897: 7684: 7389: 7168: 6416: 6191: 4414: 3366: 2129: 7510:Only American based team to win the Grey Cup 6366:Mississippi (suspended prior to 1995 season) 6205: 6050:"NBC Sports Network to showcase CFL in 2013" 5803: 5640:"Former Stamps owner Sig Gutsche dies at 64" 5029: 4464:. Sports Business Daily. November 18, 1994. 1824:he was moving his NFL franchise to Baltimore 1757:failed after the network managed to pick up 1152:, the team was marketed as a revival of the 8720:Defunct sports leagues in the United States 8710:1995 disestablishments in the United States 6136:. Madeira Park, BC: Harbour Publishing Co. 5843:"Report: No CFL franchise in Ottawa in '07" 5265:"Canadian Football League Attendance: 1995" 4968:"Canadian Football League Attendance: 1995" 4748: 4569: 4567: 4565: 4490:. Sports Business Daily. January 11, 1995. 4435:. Sports Business Daily. October 25, 1994. 4167:"Canadian Football League Attendance: 1994" 3912: 3717: 3552: 3264:"Saskatchewan Roughriders 3 vs BC Lions 13" 8482: 8468: 8283: 8269: 8090: 8076: 7904: 7890: 7691: 7677: 7396: 7382: 7182: 7175: 7161: 6423: 6409: 6198: 6184: 5963:"Canadian Football League – 2009 Schedule" 5782: 5163:"CFL tied to pro football railroad tracks" 5107:CFL suspends Posse, won't move it to Miss. 4392:"CFL's fumbles raise credibility question" 3662:. The Chicago Tribune. December 15, 1994. 1945:in Toronto, he would face a dramatic fall. 876: 8097: 6017: 5832:(Newport News, VA). Retrieved 2010-11-14. 5818: 5599: 5346: 5157: 5155: 5153: 5151: 5048:Canadian football is running out of plays 4282:"The Sacramento Gold Miners' 1994 Season" 4112:"The Sacramento Gold Miners' 1994 Season" 2876: 2874: 2841: 2839: 2806: 2804: 1742: 1385:Green Bay Packers home games in Milwaukee 149:and possibly other teams of the moribund 8705:1993 establishments in the United States 8695:Sports organizations established in 1993 5695:"NFL Loan Helps Cfl With Another Season" 5431: 5192: 5190: 5188: 5099: 5046:Symonds, William C. (December 3, 1995). 4864:"The Birmingham Barracudas' 1995 Season" 4605:"The Birmingham Barracudas' 1995 Season" 4575:"Cudas Apparently Through in Birmingham" 4562: 4420: 4027: 3580:. The Sporting News. November 21, 2013. 3461: 3459: 3432:"20,250 at OB moves CFL closer to Miami" 3426: 3424: 3316:"Stamps bounce Riders in 88 Degree Heat" 3206:"BC Lions 7 vs Winnipeg Blue Bombers 13" 1928: 1516: 1096: 1064:the only American franchise after 1993. 131:substantially different rules and fields 7403: 6390:CFL USA all time records and statistics 5304: 4359:Prigge, Matthew J. (October 10, 2016). 2723:CFL USA all-time records and statistics 1375:. The Milwaukee bid was to be owned by 48:, a form of gridiron football which is 8685:Canadian football in the United States 8672: 8489: 7911: 6129: 5943:from the original on February 23, 2014 5879:"Ex-NFLer wants CFL to expand to U.S." 5876: 5719: 5600:Cosentino, Frank (December 17, 2014). 5449:from the original on February 20, 2014 5289: 5271:from the original on February 23, 2014 5245:from the original on February 22, 2014 5173:from the original on February 22, 2014 5148: 5087:from the original on February 22, 2014 5004:from the original on February 19, 2014 4974:from the original on February 23, 2014 4948:from the original on February 19, 2014 4922:from the original on February 19, 2014 4896:from the original on February 22, 2014 4870:from the original on February 23, 2014 4844:from the original on February 19, 2014 4818:from the original on February 19, 2014 4792:from the original on February 19, 2014 4680:from the original on February 22, 2014 4611:from the original on February 23, 2014 4581:. Associated Press. November 7, 1995. 4550:from the original on February 19, 2014 4494:from the original on February 23, 2014 4468:from the original on February 23, 2014 4439:from the original on February 23, 2014 4389: 4358: 4173:from the original on February 19, 2014 4092:from the original on February 19, 2014 4060:"The Baltimore CFL Colts' 1994 Season" 3990:"The Baltimore CFL Colts' 1994 Season" 3957: 3757: 3666:from the original on December 28, 2013 3584:from the original on February 21, 2014 3527: 3478:from the original on February 22, 2014 3444:from the original on February 18, 2014 2871: 2836: 2801: 2771: 2769: 2767: 1850:went almost unnoticed in local media. 1735:American professional sports history. 1603:1995 Regular Season Attendance Figures 1361: 1207:1994 Regular Season Attendance Figures 1056:and San Antonio Texans, respectively. 867: 860: 853: 846: 839: 818: 811: 804: 797: 167:Western Interprovincial Football Union 8463: 8264: 8071: 7885: 7672: 7377: 7156: 7143: 6404: 6179: 6108:from the original on February 9, 2018 6082:from the original on February 9, 2018 5646:from the original on February 6, 2019 5620:from the original on October 30, 2021 5525: 5439:"The CFL meets its destiny this week" 5419:from the original on October 30, 2021 5359:from the original on November 9, 2014 5267:. Canadian Football League Database. 5185: 5083:. The Gadsden Times. March 23, 2008. 4970:. Canadian Football League Database. 4944:. Canadian Football League Database. 4942:"The Shreveport Pirates' 1995 Season" 4918:. Canadian Football League Database. 4916:"The San Antonio Texans' 1995 Season" 4892:. Canadian Football League Database. 4866:. Canadian Football League Database. 4840:. Canadian Football League Database. 4838:"The Baltimore Stallions 1995 Season" 4814:. Canadian Football League Database. 4788:. Canadian Football League Database. 4710:from the original on October 30, 2021 4676:. Canadian Football League Database. 4641:from the original on December 9, 2014 4607:. Canadian Football League Database. 4585:from the original on October 30, 2021 4402:from the original on January 13, 2014 4336:. Canadian Football League Database. 4288:from the original on February 2, 2014 4284:. Canadian Football League Database. 4244:from the original on February 2, 2014 4240:. Canadian Football League Database. 4238:"The Shreveport Pirates' 1994 Season" 4169:. Canadian Football League Database. 4144:from the original on February 2, 2014 4140:. Canadian Football League Database. 4138:"The Shreveport Pirates' 1994 Season" 4118:from the original on February 2, 2014 4114:. Canadian Football League Database. 4088:. Canadian Football League Database. 4066:from the original on February 2, 2014 4062:. Canadian Football League Database. 4040:from the original on February 1, 2014 4030:"CFL marvel: A profitable debut year" 3996:from the original on February 2, 2014 3992:. Canadian Football League Database. 3861:from the original on February 2, 2014 3857:. Canadian Football League Database. 3822:from the original on February 2, 2014 3818:. Canadian Football League Database. 3496: 3456: 3421: 3409:from the original on February 2, 2014 3405:. Canadian Football League Database. 3383:from the original on February 2, 2014 3379:. Canadian Football League Database. 3354:from the original on February 2, 2014 3350:. Canadian Football League Database. 3328:from the original on October 30, 2021 3296:from the original on December 2, 2013 3292:. Canadian Football League Database. 3270:from the original on February 2, 2014 3266:. Canadian Football League Database. 3244:from the original on October 30, 2021 3212:from the original on February 2, 2014 3208:. Canadian Football League Database. 3186:from the original on October 30, 2021 3154:from the original on February 4, 2014 3122:from the original on February 2, 2014 3118:. Canadian Football League Database. 3096:from the original on October 30, 2021 3064:from the original on February 2, 2014 3060:. Canadian Football League Database. 3038:from the original on October 30, 2021 3008:from the original on February 2, 2014 3004:. Canadian Football League Database. 2982:from the original on November 9, 2014 2978:. Canadian Football League Database. 2926:from the original on October 30, 2021 2894:from the original on October 30, 2021 2859:from the original on October 30, 2021 2824:from the original on October 30, 2021 2789:from the original on October 24, 2017 2559:Mississippi Veterans Memorial Stadium 2052:revived United States Football League 972:faced mounting financial losses. The 832: 825: 790: 783: 769: 184: 8700:Organizations disestablished in 1995 8290: 7288:First American based team in the CFL 5995:. CFL. June 30, 2010. Archived from 5701:from the original on January 7, 2014 5347:Lambrecht, Gary (December 2, 1995). 5305:Collins, Glenn (November 20, 1994). 5283: 4766:from the original on August 22, 2017 4371:from the original on October 1, 2020 3758:Farber, Michael (December 5, 1994). 3540:from the original on January 4, 2014 2134: 1892:, and also intended to take on then- 776: 762: 238:All-America Football Conference team 163:Interprovincial Rugby Football Union 156: 123: 7698: 5888:from the original on March 11, 2014 5538:from the original on April 29, 2020 4890:"The Memphis Mad Dogs' 1995 Season" 4674:"The Memphis Mad Dogs' 1995 Season" 4340:from the original on April 27, 2015 4028:Steadman, John (November 2, 1994). 3939:from the original on March 30, 2014 3615: 3002:"Edmonton Eskimos 29 vs BC Lions 8" 2764: 2748:, February 18, 1987, archived from 1310:were actually a transplantation of 13: 8690:Canadian Football League divisions 5907:Buchholz, Andrew (April 1, 2015). 5877:Naylor, David (February 5, 2009). 5804:Barnes, Evan (November 15, 2022). 5581:from the original on March 4, 2014 5409:"Barracudas Bound for Shreveport?" 5389:from the original on March 5, 2014 4086:"The Las Vegas Posse' 1994 Season" 3348:"Edmonton Eskimos 2 vs BC Lions 7" 3058:"Edmonton Eskimos 9 vs BC Lions 6" 2091:Schooners Sports and Entertainment 1747: 203:of the IRFU, was sponsored by the 14: 8731: 8715:Defunct Canadian football leagues 6163: 4812:"San Antonio Texans' 1995 Season" 4700:"Memphis Owner Angered by Apathy" 4334:"The Las Vegas Posse 1994 Season" 3958:Farber, Michael (July 25, 1994). 3760:"It was a B.C. Year Pro Football" 3528:Hickey, Pat (November 11, 1987). 3465: 1462:) and his marketing connections. 1426:was seriously considering moving 1034:World League of American Football 7122: 7121: 6094: 6068: 6042: 6011: 5985: 5955: 5925: 5901: 5870: 5857: 5835: 5797: 5776: 5713: 5687: 5658: 5632: 5593: 5563: 5550: 5519: 5506: 5483: 5470: 5461: 5401: 5371: 5340: 5257: 5227: 5214: 2497:Proposed teams that did not play 2108:Percival Molson Memorial Stadium 1492:, entered the league playing at 755: 6102:"FAQ about Broadcasts on CFLDB" 5135: 5122: 5073: 5016: 4986: 4960: 4934: 4908: 4882: 4856: 4830: 4804: 4778: 4735: 4722: 4692: 4666: 4623: 4597: 4532: 4514:"1995 Regular Season Standings" 4506: 4480: 4425: 4383: 4352: 4326: 4313: 4300: 4274: 4256: 4230: 4217: 4204: 4130: 4104: 4078: 4052: 4021: 4008: 3982: 3960:"But Don't Call Them The Colts" 3951: 3899: 3881:"1994 Regular Season Standings" 3873: 3847: 3834: 3808: 3790:"1993 Regular Season Standings" 3782: 3735: 3691: 3678: 3652: 3639: 3626: 3609: 3596: 3570: 3521: 3490: 3395: 3340: 3308: 3282: 3256: 3224: 3198: 3166: 3134: 3108: 3084:"Esks extended in 'Frisco tilt" 3076: 3050: 3020: 1806:through the rest of the 1990s. 1052:applied to join the CFL as the 6431:Canadian Football League (CFL) 4994:"Just call them the Stallions" 4390:Murray, Ken (April 18, 1995). 2994: 2968: 2938: 2906: 2734: 1884:, which was about to lose the 1158:left the city 10 years earlier 1: 8368:Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium 6374:(folded prior to 1993 season) 6123: 5824:Fairbank, Dave (2010-08-20). 5720:Baines, Tim (April 1, 2007). 5526:Ralph, Dan (April 28, 2020). 5105:Murray, Ken (April 5, 1995). 2668:Post-expansion American media 2462:Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium 2048:Alliance of American Football 2006:, which would place teams in 1988:placed a franchise in Toronto 1968:Alberta Securities Commission 1545:. The Mad Dogs played in the 1523:Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium 1104:in Baltimore was home to the 912: 710: 151:United States Football League 59:The first American team, the 7199:Moved to San Antonio in 1995 7102:Ontario Rugby Football Union 5933:"CFL hits American airwaves" 5845:. TSN.ca. September 28, 2008 5783:Kerr, Jeff (July 25, 2022). 5054:. Retrieved August 13, 2013. 3548:– via Chicago Tribune. 3530:"CFL May Be Beyond Rescuing" 2654: 2628: 2600: 2562: 2536: 2465: 2421: 2377: 2320: 2276: 2273:Memorial Stadium (Baltimore) 2232: 2188: 1924: 1496:, which could accommodate a 1488:, owned by insurance tycoon 1010: 747: 671: 635: 599: 563: 527: 491: 455: 419: 383: 347: 311: 7: 7107:Quebec Rugby Football Union 6018:Fang, Ken (July 21, 2012). 5993:"CFL to air on NFL Network" 2711: 2020:return nineteen years later 1933:Among Canadian CFL owners, 1809: 1438:, where they played as the 1077:Sacramento State University 1075:, located on the campus of 1048:and Larry J. Benson of the 21:Continental Football League 10: 8736: 6289:Baltimore F.C. (CFL Colts) 5922:. Retrieved April 2, 2015. 5119:. Retrieved April 5, 1995. 3232:"Blue Bombers shade lions" 2658:Ark-La-Tex Football, Inc. 2130:List of American CFL teams 2030:in 2023). Birmingham (the 1995:World Wrestling Federation 1469: 1314:and his organization from 1090: 1014: 984:appearances. Finally, the 933:With the exception of the 477:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 188: 139:NCAA Division I-A football 36:into the country from the 18: 8638: 8622: 8599: 8583: 8567: 8531: 8499: 8441: 8418: 8392: 8376: 8360: 8324: 8300: 8242: 8226: 8203: 8187: 8171: 8135: 8107: 8049: 8028: 8005: 7989: 7953: 7921: 7863: 7847: 7824: 7808: 7792: 7776: 7740: 7708: 7645: 7624: 7601: 7583: 7554: 7518: 7497: 7481: 7445: 7420:Moved to Montreal in 1996 7413: 7345: 7324: 7295: 7276: 7260: 7224: 7192: 7150: 7144: 7117: 6981: 6951: 6920: 6889: 6880: 6825: 6737: 6699: 6651: 6642: 6616:San Antonio Texans (1993) 6570: 6541: 6534: 6516: 6483: 6445: 6436: 6382: 6372:San Antonio Texans (1993) 6350: 6312: 6279: 6261: 6213: 5742:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2615:San Antonio Texans (1993) 1601: 1205: 441:San Francisco, California 16:Football league of Canada 8680:Canadian Football League 7314:Special Projects/Radio: 7079:Thanksgiving Day Classic 6470:Saskatchewan Roughriders 6207:CFL in the United States 5762:Las Vegas Review-Journal 5112:August 22, 2017, at the 4264:"CFL Standings - CFL.ca" 2950:Canadian Football League 2728: 2519:Scheduled to begin play 2157:Field size for CFL play 1868:Speros began talks with 1458:(the founder and CEO of 1381:Milwaukee County Stadium 1347:Riviera Hotel and Casino 943:Saskatchewan Roughriders 786:Saskatchewan Roughriders 626:Everett Memorial Stadium 580:Saskatchewan Roughriders 544:Saskatchewan Roughriders 135:National Football League 100:National Football League 30:Canadian Football League 5495:April 26, 2016, at the 5379:"Team Folds in Memphis" 2882:"Lions kick way to win" 2852:Spokane Daily Chronicle 1880:, and, most seriously, 1770:football, and the NFL. 1584:Freshly relocated from 1498:Canadian football field 1465: 1160:and had also played at 1156:NFL franchise, who had 1086: 906: Defunct (1993–95) 8651:Sacramento Gold Miners 7185:Sacramento Gold Miners 6600:Sacramento Gold Miners 6299:Sacramento Gold Miners 6271:Sacramento Gold Miners 6248:Sacramento Gold Miners 5914:April 3, 2015, at the 5052:Bloomberg BusinessWeek 4706:. September 15, 1995. 3660:"McNall Pleads Guilty" 3237:Saskatoon Star-Phoenix 3182:. September 15, 1958. 3150:. September 14, 1958. 2785:. September 21, 2011. 2697:of game coverage from 2361:(1995, relocated from 2180:Sacramento, California 2175:Sacramento Gold Miners 2060:United Football League 1946: 1743:End of U.S. experiment 1527: 1260:Sacramento Gold Miners 1109: 1054:Sacramento Gold Miners 828:Sacramento Gold Miners 96:neutral-site CFL games 61:Sacramento Gold Miners 8100:Birmingham Barracudas 6585:Birmingham Barracudas 6475:Winnipeg Blue Bombers 6327:Birmingham Barracudas 6228:Birmingham Barracudas 6172:, on OurSportsCentral 6052:. CFL. Archived from 5811:The Commercial Appeal 5467:Willes (2013). pg 31. 5443:Sports Business Daily 5203:May 14, 2016, at the 5169:. November 10, 1995. 4516:. CFL. Archived from 3883:. CFL. Archived from 3816:"1993 CFL Attendance" 3792:. CFL. Archived from 2922:. December 13, 1909. 2646:Shreveport, Louisiana 2641:Shreveport Barracudas 2550:Mississippi CFL team 2408:Birmingham Barracudas 2312:Shreveport, Louisiana 1932: 1640:Birmingham Barracudas 1520: 1486:Birmingham Barracudas 1452:Birmingham Barracudas 1166:Major League Baseball 1100: 951:Winnipeg Blue Bombers 863:Birmingham Barracudas 793:Winnipeg Blue Bombers 720:) struck a deal with 688:Birmingham Barracudas 508:Winnipeg Blue Bombers 172:Major League Baseball 52:from the more common 7997:Independence Stadium 7097:Canadian Rugby Union 7093:Predecessor leagues 6030:on February 22, 2014 5939:. November 9, 2001. 5445:. January 31, 1996. 5385:. December 1, 1995. 4637:. December 1, 1993. 4195:"Back in town again" 3970:on November 13, 2013 3770:on November 13, 2013 2760:– via HighBeam 2651:Independence Stadium 2554:Jackson, Mississippi 2528:Milwaukee, Wisconsin 2469:Grass/AstroTurf mix 2317:Independence Stadium 2236:Grass/AstroTurf mix 1764:high school football 1732:Regina, Saskatchewan 1373:Jackson, Mississippi 1369:Milwaukee, Wisconsin 1332:Independence Stadium 1186:In a thrilling match 1032:Coincidentally, the 7406:Baltimore Stallions 6580:Baltimore Stallions 6549:Ottawa Rough Riders 6493:Hamilton Tiger-Cats 6322:Baltimore Stallions 6223:Baltimore Stallions 6150:on January 16, 2014 6130:Willes, Ed (2013). 6056:on December 3, 2013 5503:, February 3, 1996. 5415:. January 7, 1996. 5337:. pp. 146–147. 5211:, January 26, 1996. 5026:. pp. 161–162. 3705:on February 2, 2014 3472:bouncingbackbook.ca 3092:. August 12, 1957. 2956:on February 1, 2014 2820:. August 13, 1951. 2524:Milwaukee CFL team 2413:Birmingham, Alabama 2268:Baltimore, Maryland 2263:Baltimore Stallions 2252:Public corporation 2056:Virginia Destroyers 2024:return to Las Vegas 1624:Baltimore Stallions 1420:Los Angeles Raiders 1362:1994–1995 offseason 1128:and its subsidiary 1118:Baltimore CFL Colts 1106:Baltimore Stallions 986:Ottawa Rough Riders 974:Hamilton Tiger-Cats 941:and publicly owned 870:Baltimore Stallions 800:Hamilton Tiger-Cats 718:CFL's East Division 621:Everett, Washington 585:Spokane, Washington 549:Seattle, Washington 472:Hamilton Tiger-Cats 464:Ottawa Rough Riders 356:Hamilton Tiger-Cats 328:Ottawa Rough Riders 276:Everett, Washington 226:Hamilton Tiger-Cats 197:Ottawa Rough Riders 73:Baltimore Stallions 8492:San Antonio Texans 8314:Memphis, Tennessee 8014:Bernard Glieberman 7914:Shreveport Pirates 7658:Montreal Alouettes 7358:San Antonio Texans 7089:Neutral site games 7069:Labour Day Classic 7059:Touchdown Atlantic 6989:Individual records 6959:Current announcers 6943:CBS Sports Network 6833:Dominion champions 6767:Outstanding Player 6750:Grey Cup champions 6610:Shreveport Pirates 6605:San Antonio Texans 6560:Atlantic Schooners 6525:Atlantic Schooners 6498:Montreal Alouettes 6460:Calgary Stampeders 6342:Shreveport Pirates 6337:San Antonio Texans 6304:Shreveport Pirates 6253:Shreveport Pirates 6243:San Antonio Texans 6170:The CFL in America 5383:The New York Times 5311:The New York Times 4762:. August 3, 1995. 4760:The New York Times 4635:The New York Times 3964:Sports Illustrated 3764:Sports Illustrated 3509:on January 4, 2015 3324:. August 2, 1961. 3179:The Register-Guard 3147:The New York Times 3034:. August 3, 1957. 2855:. August 2, 1961. 2782:Hamilton Spectator 2686:NBC Sports Network 2566:William L. Collins 2486:Frederick W. Smith 2457:Memphis, Tennessee 2428:15 yard end zones 2369:San Antonio, Texas 2359:San Antonio Texans 2349:Bernard Glieberman 2327:15 yard end zones 2307:Shreveport Pirates 2239:15 yard end zones 2083:Touchdown Atlantic 1964:stock manipulation 1947: 1935:Calgary Stampeders 1688:Shreveport Pirates 1672:San Antonio Texans 1575:Billy Joe Tolliver 1528: 1440:San Antonio Texans 1436:San Antonio, Texas 1328:Shreveport Pirates 1308:Shreveport Pirates 1276:Shreveport Pirates 1122:Shreveport Pirates 1110: 1050:San Antonio Riders 939:Calgary Stampeders 928:Montreal Alouettes 849:Shreveport Pirates 842:San Antonio Texans 821:Montreal Alouettes 772:Calgary Stampeders 652:Calgary Stampeders 572:Calgary Stampeders 513:Cedar Rapids, Iowa 460:September 14, 1958 338:Van Cortlandt Park 333:New York, New York 267:University of Iowa 263:Cedar Rapids, Iowa 211:Van Cortlandt Park 185:Neutral site games 118:CBS Sports Network 50:somewhat different 8665: 8664: 8659: 8658: 8457: 8456: 8393:Important figures 8258: 8257: 8188:Important figures 8065: 8064: 7879: 7878: 7809:Important figures 7666: 7665: 7604:Championships (2) 7586:Championships (1) 7567:General Manager: 7519:Important figures 7371: 7370: 7137: 7136: 6977: 6976: 6876: 6875: 6782:Offensive Lineman 6638: 6637: 6634: 6633: 6508:Toronto Argonauts 6398: 6397: 6143:978-1-55017-614-8 6078:. June 26, 2013. 5867:pp. 178–188. 5764:. January 5, 2023 5684:pp. 151–153. 5241:. July 23, 1995. 5239:The Baltimore Sun 5167:The Baltimore Sun 5145:pp. 153–157. 5132:pp. 123–124. 5117:The Baltimore Sun 4998:The Baltimore Sun 4732:. pp. 68–69. 4546:. July 13, 1995. 4544:The Baltimore Sun 4396:The Baltimore Sun 4323:. pp. 43–56. 4018:. pp. 83–86. 3909:. pp. 57–58. 3440:. June 25, 1995. 3240:. July 30, 1960. 2890:. July 10, 1967. 2746:Chicago Sun-Times 2665: 2664: 2620:San Marcos, Texas 2597:Miami Orange Bowl 2494: 2493: 2135:Teams that played 1786:The Baltimore Sun 1722:and running back 1716: 1715: 1703:Canadian figures 1521:Overhead view of 1514:attendance woes. 1428:his NFL franchise 1405:Miami Orange Bowl 1403:, to play in the 1393:Milwaukee Brewers 1312:Bernie Glieberman 1304: 1303: 1291:Canadian average 1170:Baltimore Orioles 1060:employment laws. 990:Bernie Glieberman 958:Toronto Argonauts 807:Toronto Argonauts 708: 707: 644:Toronto Argonauts 482:Municipal Stadium 410:Multnomah Stadium 369:Buffalo, New York 364:Toronto Argonauts 316:December 11, 1909 255:Pacific Northwest 247:Municipal Stadium 230:Toronto Argonauts 157:Interleague games 124:Pre-expansion era 79:championship, in 54:American football 46:Canadian football 8727: 8522: 8514: 8493: 8484: 8477: 8470: 8461: 8460: 8405:Donald Igwebuike 8315: 8294: 8293:Memphis Mad Dogs 8285: 8278: 8271: 8262: 8261: 8127: 8121: 8101: 8092: 8085: 8078: 8069: 8068: 7944: 7936: 7915: 7906: 7899: 7892: 7883: 7882: 7816:Anthony Calvillo 7784:Sam Boyd Stadium 7731: 7723: 7702: 7693: 7686: 7679: 7670: 7669: 7489:Memorial Stadium 7436: 7428: 7407: 7398: 7391: 7384: 7375: 7374: 7363:Sacramento Surge 7215: 7207: 7186: 7177: 7170: 7163: 7154: 7153: 7141: 7140: 7125: 7124: 7064:Canada Day Games 6999:Coaching leaders 6887: 6886: 6777:Defensive Player 6649: 6648: 6595:Memphis Mad Dogs 6554:Ottawa Renegades 6539: 6538: 6503:Ottawa Redblacks 6443: 6442: 6425: 6418: 6411: 6402: 6401: 6332:Memphis Mad Dogs 6238:Memphis Mad Dogs 6200: 6193: 6186: 6177: 6176: 6159: 6157: 6155: 6146:. Archived from 6118: 6117: 6115: 6113: 6098: 6092: 6091: 6089: 6087: 6072: 6066: 6065: 6063: 6061: 6046: 6040: 6039: 6037: 6035: 6026:. Archived from 6015: 6009: 6008: 6006: 6004: 5999:on March 4, 2014 5989: 5983: 5982: 5980: 5978: 5973:on March 4, 2014 5969:. Archived from 5959: 5953: 5952: 5950: 5948: 5929: 5923: 5905: 5899: 5897: 5895: 5893: 5874: 5868: 5861: 5855: 5854: 5852: 5850: 5839: 5833: 5822: 5816: 5815: 5801: 5795: 5794: 5780: 5774: 5773: 5771: 5769: 5754: 5748: 5747: 5741: 5733: 5731: 5729: 5717: 5711: 5710: 5708: 5706: 5691: 5685: 5678: 5669: 5662: 5656: 5655: 5653: 5651: 5636: 5630: 5629: 5627: 5625: 5597: 5591: 5590: 5588: 5586: 5567: 5561: 5560:pp. 165–166 5554: 5548: 5547: 5545: 5543: 5523: 5517: 5510: 5504: 5501:Associated Press 5487: 5481: 5474: 5468: 5465: 5459: 5458: 5456: 5454: 5435: 5429: 5428: 5426: 5424: 5405: 5399: 5398: 5396: 5394: 5375: 5369: 5368: 5366: 5364: 5344: 5338: 5331: 5322: 5321: 5319: 5317: 5302: 5296: 5295: 5287: 5281: 5280: 5278: 5276: 5261: 5255: 5254: 5252: 5250: 5231: 5225: 5218: 5212: 5209:Associated Press 5194: 5183: 5182: 5180: 5178: 5159: 5146: 5139: 5133: 5126: 5120: 5103: 5097: 5096: 5094: 5092: 5077: 5071: 5064: 5055: 5044: 5027: 5020: 5014: 5013: 5011: 5009: 5000:. July 8, 1995. 4990: 4984: 4983: 4981: 4979: 4964: 4958: 4957: 4955: 4953: 4938: 4932: 4931: 4929: 4927: 4912: 4906: 4905: 4903: 4901: 4886: 4880: 4879: 4877: 4875: 4860: 4854: 4853: 4851: 4849: 4834: 4828: 4827: 4825: 4823: 4808: 4802: 4801: 4799: 4797: 4782: 4776: 4775: 4773: 4771: 4752: 4746: 4739: 4733: 4726: 4720: 4719: 4717: 4715: 4696: 4690: 4689: 4687: 4685: 4670: 4664: 4657: 4651: 4650: 4648: 4646: 4627: 4621: 4620: 4618: 4616: 4601: 4595: 4594: 4592: 4590: 4571: 4560: 4559: 4557: 4555: 4536: 4530: 4529: 4527: 4525: 4520:on July 15, 2009 4510: 4504: 4503: 4501: 4499: 4484: 4478: 4477: 4475: 4473: 4458: 4449: 4448: 4446: 4444: 4429: 4423: 4422: 4418: 4412: 4411: 4409: 4407: 4387: 4381: 4380: 4378: 4376: 4365:Shepherd Express 4356: 4350: 4349: 4347: 4345: 4330: 4324: 4317: 4311: 4310:. pp. 36–42 4304: 4298: 4297: 4295: 4293: 4278: 4272: 4271: 4260: 4254: 4253: 4251: 4249: 4234: 4228: 4227:. pp. 64–70 4221: 4215: 4214:. pp. 61–63 4208: 4202: 4192: 4183: 4182: 4180: 4178: 4163: 4154: 4153: 4151: 4149: 4134: 4128: 4127: 4125: 4123: 4108: 4102: 4101: 4099: 4097: 4082: 4076: 4075: 4073: 4071: 4056: 4050: 4049: 4047: 4045: 4025: 4019: 4012: 4006: 4005: 4003: 4001: 3986: 3980: 3979: 3977: 3975: 3966:. Archived from 3955: 3949: 3948: 3946: 3944: 3929: 3910: 3903: 3897: 3896: 3894: 3892: 3887:on July 15, 2009 3877: 3871: 3870: 3868: 3866: 3851: 3845: 3838: 3832: 3831: 3829: 3827: 3812: 3806: 3805: 3803: 3801: 3796:on July 29, 2009 3786: 3780: 3779: 3777: 3775: 3766:. Archived from 3755: 3746: 3739: 3733: 3726: 3715: 3714: 3712: 3710: 3695: 3689: 3682: 3676: 3675: 3673: 3671: 3656: 3650: 3643: 3637: 3630: 3624: 3623: 3613: 3607: 3600: 3594: 3593: 3591: 3589: 3574: 3568: 3561: 3550: 3549: 3547: 3545: 3534:Montreal Gazette 3525: 3519: 3518: 3516: 3514: 3505:. Archived from 3497:Cosentino, Dom. 3494: 3488: 3487: 3485: 3483: 3463: 3454: 3453: 3451: 3449: 3428: 3419: 3418: 3416: 3414: 3399: 3393: 3392: 3390: 3388: 3373: 3364: 3363: 3361: 3359: 3344: 3338: 3337: 3335: 3333: 3312: 3306: 3305: 3303: 3301: 3286: 3280: 3279: 3277: 3275: 3260: 3254: 3253: 3251: 3249: 3228: 3222: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3202: 3196: 3195: 3193: 3191: 3170: 3164: 3163: 3161: 3159: 3138: 3132: 3131: 3129: 3127: 3112: 3106: 3105: 3103: 3101: 3080: 3074: 3073: 3071: 3069: 3054: 3048: 3047: 3045: 3043: 3024: 3018: 3017: 3015: 3013: 2998: 2992: 2991: 2989: 2987: 2972: 2966: 2965: 2963: 2961: 2952:. Archived from 2942: 2936: 2935: 2933: 2931: 2910: 2904: 2903: 2901: 2899: 2878: 2869: 2868: 2866: 2864: 2843: 2834: 2833: 2831: 2829: 2808: 2799: 2798: 2796: 2794: 2773: 2762: 2761: 2759: 2757: 2752:on March 9, 2016 2738: 2632:Larry J. Benson 2501: 2500: 2452:Memphis Mad Dogs 2229:Sam Boyd Stadium 2163:General Manager 2154:Playing surface 2139: 2138: 2124:April Fool's Day 2112:Anthony Calvillo 2104:Robert Wetenhall 2087:Northern Kickoff 2075:Ottawa RedBlacks 2071:Ottawa Renegades 1862:Baltimore Ravens 1816:Cleveland Browns 1759:college football 1656:Memphis Mad Dogs 1599: 1598: 1543:Memphis Mad Dogs 1448:Memphis Mad Dogs 1343:Sam Boyd Stadium 1325: 1324:CA$ 1.85 million 1203: 1202: 1162:Memorial Stadium 1124:. On television 1102:Memorial Stadium 1046:Sacramento Surge 1027:Portland, Oregon 935:Edmonton Eskimos 907: 905: 901: 899: 895: 893: 880: 872: 865: 858: 856:Memphis Mad Dogs 851: 844: 837: 830: 823: 816: 814:Ottawa RedBlacks 809: 802: 795: 788: 781: 779:Edmonton Eskimos 774: 767: 759: 657:Portland, Oregon 616:Edmonton Eskimos 590:Memorial Stadium 518:Kingston Stadium 436:Edmonton Eskimos 405:Portland, Oregon 400:Edmonton Eskimos 281: 280: 44:. The CFL plays 8735: 8734: 8730: 8729: 8728: 8726: 8725: 8724: 8670: 8669: 8666: 8661: 8660: 8655: 8634: 8623:CFL seasons (1) 8618: 8595: 8579: 8563: 8527: 8520: 8512: 8503:Founded in 1995 8495: 8491: 8488: 8458: 8453: 8442:CFL seasons (1) 8437: 8414: 8388: 8372: 8356: 8320: 8313: 8304:Founded in 1995 8296: 8292: 8289: 8259: 8254: 8238: 8227:CFL seasons (1) 8222: 8199: 8183: 8167: 8131: 8125: 8119: 8111:Founded in 1995 8103: 8099: 8096: 8066: 8061: 8045: 8029:CFL seasons (2) 8024: 8001: 7985: 7949: 7942: 7934: 7925:Founded in 1994 7917: 7913: 7910: 7880: 7875: 7859: 7848:CFL seasons (1) 7843: 7820: 7804: 7788: 7772: 7736: 7729: 7721: 7712:Founded in 1994 7704: 7701:Las Vegas Posse 7700: 7697: 7667: 7662: 7641: 7620: 7603: 7597: 7585: 7579: 7550: 7514: 7493: 7477: 7441: 7434: 7426: 7417:Founded in 1994 7409: 7405: 7402: 7372: 7367: 7341: 7325:CFL seasons (2) 7320: 7316:Jack Youngblood 7291: 7272: 7256: 7220: 7213: 7205: 7196:Founded in 1993 7188: 7184: 7181: 7146: 7138: 7133: 7113: 7004:Retired numbers 6973: 6947: 6916: 6872: 6821: 6733: 6695: 6630: 6590:Las Vegas Posse 6566: 6530: 6512: 6479: 6432: 6429: 6399: 6394: 6378: 6346: 6308: 6294:Las Vegas Posse 6275: 6257: 6233:Las Vegas Posse 6209: 6204: 6166: 6153: 6151: 6144: 6126: 6121: 6111: 6109: 6100: 6099: 6095: 6085: 6083: 6074: 6073: 6069: 6059: 6057: 6048: 6047: 6043: 6033: 6031: 6016: 6012: 6002: 6000: 5991: 5990: 5986: 5976: 5974: 5961: 5960: 5956: 5946: 5944: 5931: 5930: 5926: 5916:Wayback Machine 5906: 5902: 5891: 5889: 5875: 5871: 5863:Willes (2013). 5862: 5858: 5848: 5846: 5841: 5840: 5836: 5823: 5819: 5802: 5798: 5781: 5777: 5767: 5765: 5756: 5755: 5751: 5735: 5734: 5727: 5725: 5718: 5714: 5704: 5702: 5693: 5692: 5688: 5680:Willes (2013). 5679: 5672: 5664:Willes (2013). 5663: 5659: 5649: 5647: 5638: 5637: 5633: 5623: 5621: 5614: 5598: 5594: 5584: 5582: 5569: 5568: 5564: 5556:Willes (2013). 5555: 5551: 5541: 5539: 5524: 5520: 5512:Willes (2013). 5511: 5507: 5497:Wayback Machine 5488: 5484: 5476:Willes (2013). 5475: 5471: 5466: 5462: 5452: 5450: 5437: 5436: 5432: 5422: 5420: 5407: 5406: 5402: 5392: 5390: 5377: 5376: 5372: 5362: 5360: 5345: 5341: 5333:Willes (2013). 5332: 5325: 5315: 5313: 5303: 5299: 5288: 5284: 5274: 5272: 5263: 5262: 5258: 5248: 5246: 5233: 5232: 5228: 5220:Willes (2013). 5219: 5215: 5205:Wayback Machine 5195: 5186: 5176: 5174: 5161: 5160: 5149: 5141:Willes (2013). 5140: 5136: 5128:Willes (2013). 5127: 5123: 5114:Wayback Machine 5104: 5100: 5090: 5088: 5079: 5078: 5074: 5066:Willes (2013). 5065: 5058: 5045: 5030: 5022:Willes (2013). 5021: 5017: 5007: 5005: 4992: 4991: 4987: 4977: 4975: 4966: 4965: 4961: 4951: 4949: 4940: 4939: 4935: 4925: 4923: 4914: 4913: 4909: 4899: 4897: 4888: 4887: 4883: 4873: 4871: 4862: 4861: 4857: 4847: 4845: 4836: 4835: 4831: 4821: 4819: 4810: 4809: 4805: 4795: 4793: 4784: 4783: 4779: 4769: 4767: 4754: 4753: 4749: 4741:Willes (2013). 4740: 4736: 4728:Willes (2013). 4727: 4723: 4713: 4711: 4698: 4697: 4693: 4683: 4681: 4672: 4671: 4667: 4659:Willes (2013). 4658: 4654: 4644: 4642: 4629: 4628: 4624: 4614: 4612: 4603: 4602: 4598: 4588: 4586: 4573: 4572: 4563: 4553: 4551: 4538: 4537: 4533: 4523: 4521: 4512: 4511: 4507: 4497: 4495: 4486: 4485: 4481: 4471: 4469: 4460: 4459: 4452: 4442: 4440: 4431: 4430: 4426: 4419: 4415: 4405: 4403: 4388: 4384: 4374: 4372: 4357: 4353: 4343: 4341: 4332: 4331: 4327: 4319:Willes (2013). 4318: 4314: 4306:Willes (2013). 4305: 4301: 4291: 4289: 4280: 4279: 4275: 4262: 4261: 4257: 4247: 4245: 4236: 4235: 4231: 4223:Willes (2013). 4222: 4218: 4210:Willes (2013). 4209: 4205: 4201:, June 9, 2005. 4193: 4186: 4176: 4174: 4165: 4164: 4157: 4147: 4145: 4136: 4135: 4131: 4121: 4119: 4110: 4109: 4105: 4095: 4093: 4084: 4083: 4079: 4069: 4067: 4058: 4057: 4053: 4043: 4041: 4026: 4022: 4014:Willes (2013). 4013: 4009: 3999: 3997: 3988: 3987: 3983: 3973: 3971: 3956: 3952: 3942: 3940: 3931: 3930: 3913: 3905:Willes (2013). 3904: 3900: 3890: 3888: 3879: 3878: 3874: 3864: 3862: 3853: 3852: 3848: 3840:Willes (2013). 3839: 3835: 3825: 3823: 3814: 3813: 3809: 3799: 3797: 3788: 3787: 3783: 3773: 3771: 3756: 3749: 3741:Willes (2013). 3740: 3736: 3732:pp. 26–29. 3728:Willes (2013). 3727: 3718: 3708: 3706: 3697: 3696: 3692: 3688:pp. 77–78. 3684:Willes (2013). 3683: 3679: 3669: 3667: 3658: 3657: 3653: 3645:Willes (2013). 3644: 3640: 3632:Willes (2013). 3631: 3627: 3614: 3610: 3606:pp. 70–79. 3602:Willes (2013). 3601: 3597: 3587: 3585: 3576: 3575: 3571: 3567:pg. 16–18. 3563:Willes (2013). 3562: 3553: 3543: 3541: 3526: 3522: 3512: 3510: 3495: 3491: 3481: 3479: 3464: 3457: 3447: 3445: 3430: 3429: 3422: 3412: 3410: 3401: 3400: 3396: 3386: 3384: 3375: 3374: 3367: 3357: 3355: 3346: 3345: 3341: 3331: 3329: 3314: 3313: 3309: 3299: 3297: 3288: 3287: 3283: 3273: 3271: 3262: 3261: 3257: 3247: 3245: 3230: 3229: 3225: 3215: 3213: 3204: 3203: 3199: 3189: 3187: 3172: 3171: 3167: 3157: 3155: 3140: 3139: 3135: 3125: 3123: 3114: 3113: 3109: 3099: 3097: 3082: 3081: 3077: 3067: 3065: 3056: 3055: 3051: 3041: 3039: 3026: 3025: 3021: 3011: 3009: 3000: 2999: 2995: 2985: 2983: 2974: 2973: 2969: 2959: 2957: 2944: 2943: 2939: 2929: 2927: 2912: 2911: 2907: 2897: 2895: 2880: 2879: 2872: 2862: 2860: 2845: 2844: 2837: 2827: 2825: 2810: 2809: 2802: 2792: 2790: 2775: 2774: 2765: 2755: 2753: 2740: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2714: 2706:2018 CFL season 2670: 2572: 2567: 2499: 2384:CFL regulation 2283:CFL regulation 2262: 2224:Whitney, Nevada 2219:Las Vegas Posse 2137: 2132: 2099:expansion draft 2038:) and Memphis ( 1951:1996 CFL season 1927: 1855:Baltimore Mayor 1812: 1796:Bruce Firestone 1750: 1748:League troubles 1745: 1474: 1472:1995 CFL season 1468: 1460:Federal Express 1364: 1351:Las Vegas Strip 1323: 1320:Bruce Firestone 1244:Las Vegas Posse 1154:Baltimore Colts 1114:Las Vegas Posse 1095: 1093:1994 CFL season 1089: 1019: 1017:1993 CFL season 1013: 920:Carling O'Keefe 915: 910: 909: 908: 903: 902: 897: 896: 891: 890: 889: 887: 882: 881: 874: 873: 868: 866: 861: 859: 854: 852: 847: 845: 840: 838: 835:Las Vegas Posse 833: 831: 826: 824: 819: 817: 812: 810: 805: 803: 798: 796: 791: 789: 784: 782: 777: 775: 770: 768: 763: 760: 750: 713: 424:August 11, 1957 352:August 11, 1951 320:Hamilton Tigers 206:New York Herald 201:Hamilton Tigers 193: 187: 159: 147:Arizona Outlaws 143:1982 NFL strike 126: 42:1995 CFL season 38:1993 CFL season 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8733: 8723: 8722: 8717: 8712: 8707: 8702: 8697: 8692: 8687: 8682: 8663: 8662: 8657: 8656: 8654: 8653: 8648: 8642: 8640: 8636: 8635: 8633: 8632: 8626: 8624: 8620: 8619: 8617: 8616: 8614:Kay Stephenson 8610: 8603: 8601: 8597: 8596: 8594: 8593: 8587: 8585: 8581: 8580: 8578: 8577: 8571: 8569: 8565: 8564: 8562: 8561: 8556: 8551: 8546: 8541: 8535: 8533: 8529: 8528: 8526: 8525: 8507: 8506:Folded in 1996 8504: 8500: 8497: 8496: 8487: 8486: 8479: 8472: 8464: 8455: 8454: 8452: 8451: 8445: 8443: 8439: 8438: 8436: 8435: 8433:Pepper Rodgers 8429: 8422: 8420: 8416: 8415: 8413: 8412: 8407: 8402: 8396: 8394: 8390: 8389: 8387: 8386: 8380: 8378: 8374: 8373: 8371: 8370: 8364: 8362: 8358: 8357: 8355: 8354: 8349: 8344: 8339: 8334: 8328: 8326: 8322: 8321: 8319: 8318: 8308: 8307:Folded in 1996 8305: 8301: 8298: 8297: 8288: 8287: 8280: 8273: 8265: 8256: 8255: 8253: 8252: 8246: 8244: 8240: 8239: 8237: 8236: 8230: 8228: 8224: 8223: 8221: 8220: 8214: 8207: 8205: 8201: 8200: 8198: 8197: 8191: 8189: 8185: 8184: 8182: 8181: 8175: 8173: 8169: 8168: 8166: 8165: 8160: 8155: 8150: 8145: 8139: 8137: 8133: 8132: 8130: 8129: 8115: 8114:Folded in 1996 8112: 8108: 8105: 8104: 8095: 8094: 8087: 8080: 8072: 8063: 8062: 8060: 8059: 8053: 8051: 8047: 8046: 8044: 8043: 8038: 8032: 8030: 8026: 8025: 8023: 8022: 8016: 8009: 8007: 8003: 8002: 8000: 7999: 7993: 7991: 7987: 7986: 7984: 7983: 7978: 7973: 7968: 7963: 7957: 7955: 7951: 7950: 7948: 7947: 7929: 7928:Folded in 1996 7926: 7922: 7919: 7918: 7909: 7908: 7901: 7894: 7886: 7877: 7876: 7874: 7873: 7867: 7865: 7861: 7860: 7858: 7857: 7851: 7849: 7845: 7844: 7842: 7841: 7835: 7828: 7826: 7822: 7821: 7819: 7818: 7812: 7810: 7806: 7805: 7803: 7802: 7796: 7794: 7790: 7789: 7787: 7786: 7780: 7778: 7774: 7773: 7771: 7770: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7750: 7744: 7742: 7738: 7737: 7735: 7734: 7716: 7715:Folded in 1995 7713: 7709: 7706: 7705: 7696: 7695: 7688: 7681: 7673: 7664: 7663: 7661: 7660: 7655: 7649: 7647: 7643: 7642: 7640: 7639: 7634: 7628: 7626: 7622: 7621: 7619: 7618: 7613: 7607: 7605: 7599: 7598: 7596: 7595: 7589: 7587: 7581: 7580: 7578: 7577: 7571: 7565: 7558: 7556: 7552: 7551: 7549: 7548: 7543: 7538: 7533: 7528: 7522: 7520: 7516: 7515: 7513: 7512: 7507: 7501: 7499: 7495: 7494: 7492: 7491: 7485: 7483: 7479: 7478: 7476: 7475: 7470: 7465: 7460: 7455: 7449: 7447: 7443: 7442: 7440: 7439: 7421: 7418: 7414: 7411: 7410: 7401: 7400: 7393: 7386: 7378: 7369: 7368: 7366: 7365: 7360: 7355: 7349: 7347: 7343: 7342: 7340: 7339: 7334: 7328: 7326: 7322: 7321: 7319: 7318: 7312: 7310:Kay Stephenson 7306: 7299: 7297: 7293: 7292: 7290: 7289: 7286: 7280: 7278: 7274: 7273: 7271: 7270: 7268:Hornet Stadium 7264: 7262: 7258: 7257: 7255: 7254: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7234: 7228: 7226: 7222: 7221: 7219: 7218: 7200: 7197: 7193: 7190: 7189: 7180: 7179: 7172: 7165: 7157: 7151: 7148: 7147: 7135: 7134: 7132: 7131: 7118: 7115: 7114: 7112: 7111: 7110: 7109: 7104: 7099: 7091: 7086: 7084:Top 50 Players 7081: 7076: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7031: 7026: 7021: 7016: 7011: 7006: 7001: 6996: 6991: 6985: 6983: 6979: 6978: 6975: 6974: 6972: 6971: 6966: 6961: 6955: 6953: 6949: 6948: 6946: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6930: 6924: 6922: 6918: 6917: 6915: 6914: 6909: 6904: 6899: 6893: 6891: 6884: 6878: 6877: 6874: 6873: 6871: 6870: 6865: 6860: 6855: 6850: 6845: 6840: 6835: 6829: 6827: 6823: 6822: 6820: 6819: 6814: 6809: 6804: 6799: 6794: 6789: 6784: 6779: 6774: 6769: 6764: 6759: 6758: 6757: 6752: 6741: 6739: 6735: 6734: 6732: 6731: 6726: 6721: 6716: 6711: 6705: 6703: 6697: 6696: 6694: 6693: 6688: 6683: 6681:DeMarco-Becket 6678: 6673: 6668: 6663: 6657: 6655: 6646: 6640: 6639: 6636: 6635: 6632: 6631: 6629: 6628: 6626:(never played) 6624:Miami Manatees 6620: 6618:(never played) 6612: 6607: 6602: 6597: 6592: 6587: 6582: 6577: 6571: 6568: 6567: 6565: 6564: 6562:(never played) 6556: 6551: 6546: 6542: 6536: 6532: 6531: 6529: 6528: 6520: 6518: 6514: 6513: 6511: 6510: 6505: 6500: 6495: 6489: 6487: 6481: 6480: 6478: 6477: 6472: 6467: 6462: 6457: 6451: 6449: 6440: 6434: 6433: 6428: 6427: 6420: 6413: 6405: 6396: 6395: 6393: 6392: 6386: 6384: 6380: 6379: 6377: 6376: 6368: 6363: 6361:(never played) 6359:Miami Manatees 6354: 6352: 6348: 6347: 6345: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6318: 6316: 6310: 6309: 6307: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6285: 6283: 6277: 6276: 6274: 6273: 6267: 6265: 6259: 6258: 6256: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6240: 6235: 6230: 6225: 6219: 6217: 6211: 6210: 6203: 6202: 6195: 6188: 6180: 6174: 6173: 6165: 6164:External links 6162: 6161: 6160: 6142: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6119: 6093: 6067: 6041: 6010: 5984: 5954: 5924: 5900: 5882:Globe and Mail 5869: 5856: 5834: 5817: 5796: 5775: 5749: 5712: 5686: 5670: 5657: 5631: 5612: 5592: 5562: 5549: 5532:Canadian Press 5518: 5505: 5482: 5469: 5460: 5430: 5400: 5370: 5339: 5323: 5297: 5282: 5256: 5226: 5213: 5184: 5147: 5134: 5121: 5098: 5072: 5056: 5028: 5015: 4985: 4959: 4933: 4907: 4881: 4855: 4829: 4803: 4777: 4747: 4734: 4721: 4691: 4665: 4652: 4622: 4596: 4561: 4531: 4505: 4479: 4450: 4424: 4413: 4382: 4351: 4325: 4312: 4299: 4273: 4255: 4229: 4216: 4203: 4184: 4155: 4129: 4103: 4077: 4051: 4020: 4007: 3981: 3950: 3911: 3898: 3872: 3846: 3833: 3807: 3781: 3747: 3734: 3716: 3690: 3677: 3651: 3649:pp. 19–22 3638: 3636:pp. 60–63 3625: 3608: 3595: 3569: 3551: 3520: 3489: 3455: 3420: 3394: 3365: 3339: 3321:Calgary Herald 3307: 3281: 3255: 3223: 3197: 3165: 3133: 3107: 3075: 3049: 3032:Ottawa Citizen 3019: 2993: 2967: 2937: 2919:Ottawa Citizen 2905: 2870: 2835: 2817:Ottawa Citizen 2800: 2763: 2732: 2730: 2727: 2726: 2725: 2720: 2713: 2710: 2669: 2666: 2663: 2662: 2659: 2656: 2653: 2648: 2643: 2637: 2636: 2633: 2630: 2627: 2625:Bobcat Stadium 2622: 2617: 2611: 2610: 2607: 2602: 2599: 2594: 2592:Miami, Florida 2589: 2587:Miami Manatees 2583: 2582: 2579: 2571:Norton Herrick 2564: 2561: 2556: 2551: 2547: 2546: 2543: 2541:Marvin Fishman 2538: 2535: 2533:County Stadium 2530: 2525: 2521: 2520: 2517: 2514: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2498: 2495: 2492: 2491: 2488: 2483: 2478: 2476:Pepper Rodgers 2473: 2470: 2467: 2464: 2459: 2454: 2448: 2447: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2429: 2426: 2423: 2420: 2415: 2410: 2404: 2403: 2400: 2395: 2390: 2388:Kay Stephenson 2385: 2382: 2379: 2376: 2371: 2366: 2355: 2354: 2351: 2346: 2340:J. I. Albrecht 2337: 2328: 2325: 2322: 2319: 2314: 2309: 2303: 2302: 2299: 2294: 2289: 2284: 2281: 2278: 2275: 2270: 2265: 2257: 2256: 2253: 2250: 2245: 2240: 2237: 2234: 2231: 2226: 2221: 2215: 2214: 2211: 2206: 2201: 2199:Kay Stephenson 2196: 2193: 2190: 2187: 2185:Hornet Stadium 2182: 2177: 2171: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2161: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2143: 2136: 2133: 2131: 2128: 2028:to San Antonio 1926: 1923: 1898:Drayton McLane 1894:Houston Astros 1811: 1808: 1776:Pepper Rodgers 1749: 1746: 1744: 1741: 1714: 1713: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1700: 1699: 1696: 1693: 1690: 1684: 1683: 1680: 1677: 1674: 1668: 1667: 1664: 1661: 1658: 1652: 1651: 1648: 1645: 1642: 1636: 1635: 1632: 1629: 1626: 1620: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1610: 1606: 1605: 1467: 1464: 1412:Hornet Stadium 1401:Miami Manatees 1397:Miami, Florida 1377:Marvin Fishman 1363: 1360: 1302: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1288: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1272: 1271: 1268: 1265: 1262: 1256: 1255: 1252: 1249: 1246: 1240: 1239: 1236: 1233: 1230: 1224: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1214: 1210: 1209: 1088: 1085: 1073:Hornet Stadium 1012: 1009: 914: 911: 884: 883: 875: 761: 754: 753: 752: 751: 749: 746: 735:The fledgling 712: 709: 706: 705: 703: 700: 695: 693:Miami, Florida 690: 685: 682: 677: 674: 670: 669: 667: 664: 659: 654: 649: 646: 641: 638: 634: 633: 631: 628: 623: 618: 613: 610: 605: 602: 598: 597: 595: 592: 587: 582: 577: 574: 569: 568:August 1, 1961 566: 562: 561: 559: 556: 551: 546: 541: 538: 533: 530: 526: 525: 523: 520: 515: 510: 505: 502: 497: 494: 490: 489: 487: 484: 479: 474: 469: 466: 461: 458: 457:Regular season 454: 453: 451: 448: 443: 438: 433: 430: 425: 422: 418: 417: 415: 412: 407: 402: 397: 394: 389: 388:August 2, 1957 386: 382: 381: 379: 376: 371: 366: 361: 358: 353: 350: 346: 345: 343: 340: 335: 330: 325: 322: 317: 314: 310: 309: 306: 303: 300: 297: 294: 291: 288: 285: 219:rugby football 209:and played at 189:Main article: 186: 183: 158: 155: 125: 122: 69:South Division 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8732: 8721: 8718: 8716: 8713: 8711: 8708: 8706: 8703: 8701: 8698: 8696: 8693: 8691: 8688: 8686: 8683: 8681: 8678: 8677: 8675: 8668: 8652: 8649: 8647: 8644: 8643: 8641: 8637: 8631: 8628: 8627: 8625: 8621: 8615: 8611: 8609: 8608:Fred Anderson 8605: 8604: 8602: 8600:Key personnel 8598: 8592: 8589: 8588: 8586: 8582: 8576: 8573: 8572: 8570: 8566: 8560: 8557: 8555: 8552: 8550: 8547: 8545: 8542: 8540: 8537: 8536: 8534: 8530: 8524: 8523: 8516: 8515: 8508: 8505: 8502: 8501: 8498: 8494: 8485: 8480: 8478: 8473: 8471: 8466: 8465: 8462: 8450: 8447: 8446: 8444: 8440: 8434: 8430: 8428: 8424: 8423: 8421: 8419:Key personnel 8417: 8411: 8408: 8406: 8403: 8401: 8398: 8397: 8395: 8391: 8385: 8382: 8381: 8379: 8375: 8369: 8366: 8365: 8363: 8359: 8353: 8350: 8348: 8345: 8343: 8340: 8338: 8335: 8333: 8330: 8329: 8327: 8323: 8317: 8316: 8309: 8306: 8303: 8302: 8299: 8295: 8286: 8281: 8279: 8274: 8272: 8267: 8266: 8263: 8251: 8248: 8247: 8245: 8241: 8235: 8232: 8231: 8229: 8225: 8219: 8215: 8213: 8209: 8208: 8206: 8204:Key personnel 8202: 8196: 8193: 8192: 8190: 8186: 8180: 8177: 8176: 8174: 8170: 8164: 8161: 8159: 8156: 8154: 8151: 8149: 8146: 8144: 8141: 8140: 8138: 8134: 8128: 8122: 8116: 8113: 8110: 8109: 8106: 8102: 8093: 8088: 8086: 8081: 8079: 8074: 8073: 8070: 8058: 8055: 8054: 8052: 8048: 8042: 8039: 8037: 8034: 8033: 8031: 8027: 8021: 8020:Forrest Gregg 8017: 8015: 8011: 8010: 8008: 8006:Key personnel 8004: 7998: 7995: 7994: 7992: 7988: 7982: 7979: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7959: 7958: 7956: 7952: 7946: 7945: 7938: 7937: 7930: 7927: 7924: 7923: 7920: 7916: 7907: 7902: 7900: 7895: 7893: 7888: 7887: 7884: 7872: 7869: 7868: 7866: 7862: 7856: 7853: 7852: 7850: 7846: 7840: 7836: 7834: 7830: 7829: 7827: 7825:Key personnel 7823: 7817: 7814: 7813: 7811: 7807: 7801: 7798: 7797: 7795: 7791: 7785: 7782: 7781: 7779: 7775: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7746: 7745: 7743: 7739: 7733: 7732: 7725: 7724: 7717: 7714: 7711: 7710: 7707: 7703: 7694: 7689: 7687: 7682: 7680: 7675: 7674: 7671: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7650: 7648: 7644: 7638: 7635: 7633: 7630: 7629: 7627: 7623: 7617: 7614: 7612: 7609: 7608: 7606: 7600: 7594: 7591: 7590: 7588: 7582: 7576: 7572: 7570: 7566: 7564: 7560: 7559: 7557: 7555:Key personnel 7553: 7547: 7544: 7542: 7539: 7537: 7534: 7532: 7529: 7527: 7524: 7523: 7521: 7517: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7502: 7500: 7496: 7490: 7487: 7486: 7484: 7480: 7474: 7471: 7469: 7466: 7464: 7461: 7459: 7456: 7454: 7451: 7450: 7448: 7444: 7438: 7437: 7430: 7429: 7422: 7419: 7416: 7415: 7412: 7408: 7399: 7394: 7392: 7387: 7385: 7380: 7379: 7376: 7364: 7361: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7351: 7350: 7348: 7344: 7338: 7335: 7333: 7330: 7329: 7327: 7323: 7317: 7313: 7311: 7307: 7305: 7304:Fred Anderson 7301: 7300: 7298: 7296:Key personnel 7294: 7287: 7285: 7282: 7281: 7279: 7275: 7269: 7266: 7265: 7263: 7259: 7253: 7250: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7229: 7227: 7223: 7217: 7216: 7209: 7208: 7201: 7198: 7195: 7194: 7191: 7187: 7178: 7173: 7171: 7166: 7164: 7159: 7158: 7155: 7149: 7142: 7130: 7129: 7120: 7119: 7116: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7094: 7092: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7054:All-Star Game 7052: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7015: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7005: 7002: 7000: 6997: 6995: 6992: 6990: 6987: 6986: 6984: 6980: 6970: 6967: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6957: 6956: 6954: 6950: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6929: 6926: 6925: 6923: 6921:United States 6919: 6913: 6910: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6894: 6892: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6879: 6869: 6866: 6864: 6861: 6859: 6856: 6854: 6851: 6849: 6846: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6830: 6828: 6824: 6818: 6815: 6813: 6812:Commissioners 6810: 6808: 6805: 6803: 6800: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6785: 6783: 6780: 6778: 6775: 6773: 6770: 6768: 6765: 6763: 6760: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6748: 6747: 6746: 6743: 6742: 6740: 6736: 6730: 6727: 6725: 6722: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6707: 6706: 6704: 6702: 6701:East Division 6698: 6692: 6689: 6687: 6684: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6669: 6667: 6664: 6662: 6659: 6658: 6656: 6654: 6653:West Division 6650: 6647: 6645: 6641: 6627: 6625: 6621: 6619: 6617: 6613: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6578: 6576: 6573: 6572: 6569: 6563: 6561: 6557: 6555: 6552: 6550: 6547: 6544: 6543: 6540: 6537: 6533: 6527: 6526: 6522: 6521: 6519: 6515: 6509: 6506: 6504: 6501: 6499: 6496: 6494: 6491: 6490: 6488: 6486: 6485:East Division 6482: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6466: 6465:Edmonton Elks 6463: 6461: 6458: 6456: 6453: 6452: 6450: 6448: 6447:West Division 6444: 6441: 6439: 6435: 6426: 6421: 6419: 6414: 6412: 6407: 6406: 6403: 6391: 6388: 6387: 6385: 6381: 6375: 6373: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6360: 6356: 6355: 6353: 6349: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6319: 6317: 6315: 6311: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6286: 6284: 6282: 6278: 6272: 6269: 6268: 6266: 6264: 6260: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6220: 6218: 6216: 6212: 6208: 6201: 6196: 6194: 6189: 6187: 6182: 6181: 6178: 6171: 6168: 6167: 6149: 6145: 6139: 6135: 6134: 6128: 6127: 6107: 6103: 6097: 6081: 6077: 6071: 6055: 6051: 6045: 6029: 6025: 6021: 6014: 5998: 5994: 5988: 5972: 5968: 5964: 5958: 5942: 5938: 5934: 5928: 5921: 5920:Yahoo! Sports 5917: 5913: 5910: 5904: 5887: 5883: 5880: 5873: 5866: 5860: 5844: 5838: 5831: 5827: 5821: 5813: 5812: 5807: 5800: 5792: 5791: 5786: 5779: 5763: 5759: 5753: 5745: 5739: 5723: 5716: 5700: 5696: 5690: 5683: 5677: 5675: 5667: 5661: 5645: 5641: 5635: 5619: 5615: 5613:9781312745476 5609: 5605: 5604: 5596: 5580: 5576: 5572: 5566: 5559: 5553: 5537: 5533: 5529: 5522: 5515: 5509: 5502: 5498: 5494: 5491: 5486: 5479: 5473: 5464: 5448: 5444: 5440: 5434: 5418: 5414: 5413:Gadsden Times 5410: 5404: 5388: 5384: 5380: 5374: 5358: 5354: 5353:Baltimore Sun 5350: 5343: 5336: 5330: 5328: 5312: 5308: 5301: 5293: 5286: 5270: 5266: 5260: 5244: 5240: 5236: 5230: 5223: 5217: 5210: 5206: 5202: 5199: 5193: 5191: 5189: 5172: 5168: 5164: 5158: 5156: 5154: 5152: 5144: 5138: 5131: 5125: 5118: 5115: 5111: 5108: 5102: 5086: 5082: 5076: 5069: 5063: 5061: 5053: 5049: 5043: 5041: 5039: 5037: 5035: 5033: 5025: 5019: 5003: 4999: 4995: 4989: 4973: 4969: 4963: 4947: 4943: 4937: 4921: 4917: 4911: 4895: 4891: 4885: 4869: 4865: 4859: 4843: 4839: 4833: 4817: 4813: 4807: 4791: 4787: 4781: 4765: 4761: 4757: 4751: 4744: 4738: 4731: 4725: 4709: 4705: 4701: 4695: 4679: 4675: 4669: 4662: 4656: 4640: 4636: 4632: 4626: 4610: 4606: 4600: 4584: 4580: 4579:Gadsden Times 4576: 4570: 4568: 4566: 4549: 4545: 4541: 4535: 4519: 4515: 4509: 4493: 4489: 4483: 4467: 4463: 4457: 4455: 4438: 4434: 4428: 4417: 4401: 4397: 4393: 4386: 4370: 4366: 4362: 4355: 4339: 4335: 4329: 4322: 4316: 4309: 4303: 4287: 4283: 4277: 4269: 4265: 4259: 4243: 4239: 4233: 4226: 4220: 4213: 4207: 4200: 4196: 4191: 4189: 4172: 4168: 4162: 4160: 4143: 4139: 4133: 4117: 4113: 4107: 4091: 4087: 4081: 4065: 4061: 4055: 4039: 4035: 4034:Baltimore Sun 4031: 4024: 4017: 4011: 3995: 3991: 3985: 3969: 3965: 3961: 3954: 3938: 3934: 3928: 3926: 3924: 3922: 3920: 3918: 3916: 3908: 3902: 3886: 3882: 3876: 3860: 3856: 3850: 3843: 3837: 3821: 3817: 3811: 3795: 3791: 3785: 3769: 3765: 3761: 3754: 3752: 3744: 3738: 3731: 3725: 3723: 3721: 3704: 3700: 3694: 3687: 3681: 3665: 3661: 3655: 3648: 3642: 3635: 3629: 3621: 3620: 3612: 3605: 3599: 3583: 3579: 3573: 3566: 3560: 3558: 3556: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3524: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3493: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3466:Woods, Paul. 3462: 3460: 3443: 3439: 3438: 3433: 3427: 3425: 3408: 3404: 3398: 3382: 3378: 3372: 3370: 3353: 3349: 3343: 3327: 3323: 3322: 3317: 3311: 3295: 3291: 3285: 3269: 3265: 3259: 3243: 3239: 3238: 3233: 3227: 3211: 3207: 3201: 3185: 3181: 3180: 3175: 3169: 3153: 3149: 3148: 3143: 3137: 3121: 3117: 3111: 3095: 3091: 3090: 3085: 3079: 3063: 3059: 3053: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3023: 3007: 3003: 2997: 2981: 2977: 2971: 2955: 2951: 2947: 2941: 2925: 2921: 2920: 2915: 2909: 2893: 2889: 2888: 2883: 2877: 2875: 2858: 2854: 2853: 2848: 2842: 2840: 2823: 2819: 2818: 2813: 2807: 2805: 2788: 2784: 2783: 2778: 2772: 2770: 2768: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2737: 2733: 2724: 2721: 2719: 2716: 2715: 2709: 2707: 2702: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2660: 2657: 2652: 2649: 2647: 2644: 2642: 2639: 2638: 2634: 2631: 2626: 2623: 2621: 2618: 2616: 2613: 2612: 2608: 2606: 2603: 2598: 2595: 2593: 2590: 2588: 2585: 2584: 2580: 2578: 2577:Jimmy Buffett 2575: 2570: 2565: 2560: 2557: 2555: 2552: 2549: 2548: 2544: 2542: 2539: 2534: 2531: 2529: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2518: 2515: 2512: 2509: 2506: 2503: 2502: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2481:Steve Ehrhart 2479: 2477: 2474: 2471: 2468: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2453: 2450: 2449: 2445: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2433: 2430: 2427: 2424: 2419: 2416: 2414: 2411: 2409: 2406: 2405: 2401: 2399: 2398:Fred Anderson 2396: 2394: 2391: 2389: 2386: 2383: 2380: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2364: 2360: 2357: 2356: 2352: 2350: 2347: 2345: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2335:Forrest Gregg 2332: 2329: 2326: 2323: 2318: 2315: 2313: 2310: 2308: 2305: 2304: 2300: 2298: 2295: 2293: 2290: 2288: 2285: 2282: 2279: 2274: 2271: 2269: 2266: 2264: 2261:Baltimore FC/ 2259: 2258: 2254: 2251: 2249: 2246: 2244: 2241: 2238: 2235: 2230: 2227: 2225: 2222: 2220: 2217: 2216: 2212: 2210: 2209:Fred Anderson 2207: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2194: 2191: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2173: 2172: 2168: 2165: 2162: 2159: 2156: 2153: 2150: 2147: 2144: 2141: 2140: 2127: 2125: 2119: 2115: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2100: 2094: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2063: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2005: 2000: 1999:Vince McMahon 1996: 1991: 1989: 1984: 1980: 1978: 1972: 1969: 1965: 1960: 1956: 1955:84th Grey Cup 1952: 1944: 1940: 1939:Larry Ryckman 1936: 1931: 1922: 1920: 1914: 1912: 1906: 1902: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1878:Lehigh Valley 1875: 1871: 1866: 1863: 1859: 1856: 1851: 1849: 1843: 1840: 1837: 1833: 1830: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1807: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1791: 1788: 1787: 1780: 1777: 1771: 1769: 1765: 1760: 1756: 1740: 1736: 1733: 1729: 1728:1995 Grey Cup 1725: 1721: 1711: 1708: 1705: 1702: 1701: 1697: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1685: 1681: 1678: 1675: 1673: 1670: 1669: 1665: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1653: 1649: 1646: 1643: 1641: 1638: 1637: 1633: 1630: 1627: 1625: 1622: 1621: 1617: 1614: 1611: 1608: 1607: 1604: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1582: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1567: 1564: 1560: 1554: 1552: 1551:Danny McManus 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1524: 1519: 1515: 1512: 1508: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1482: 1480: 1473: 1463: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1443: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1408: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1389:Lambeau Field 1386: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1359: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1339: 1335: 1333: 1329: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1289: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1277: 1274: 1273: 1269: 1266: 1263: 1261: 1258: 1257: 1253: 1250: 1247: 1245: 1242: 1241: 1237: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1225: 1221: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1211: 1208: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1198:Lui Passaglia 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1173: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1146: 1144: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1094: 1084: 1080: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1069:West Division 1065: 1061: 1057: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1042:Fred Anderson 1039: 1035: 1030: 1028: 1024: 1018: 1008: 1005: 1001: 999: 998:Larry Ryckman 993: 991: 987: 983: 979: 978:Buffalo Bills 975: 971: 967: 966:Wayne Gretzky 963: 959: 954: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 931: 929: 925: 921: 900: Eastern 894: Western 886: 879: 871: 864: 857: 850: 843: 836: 829: 822: 815: 808: 801: 794: 787: 780: 773: 766: 758: 745: 743: 738: 733: 731: 727: 723: 719: 704: 701: 699: 696: 694: 691: 689: 686: 683: 681: 678: 676:June 24, 1995 675: 672: 668: 665: 663: 662:Civic Stadium 660: 658: 655: 653: 650: 647: 645: 642: 640:June 25, 1992 639: 636: 632: 629: 627: 624: 622: 619: 617: 614: 611: 609: 606: 603: 600: 596: 593: 591: 588: 586: 583: 581: 578: 575: 573: 570: 567: 564: 560: 557: 555: 554:Husky Stadium 552: 550: 547: 545: 542: 539: 537: 534: 532:July 29, 1961 531: 528: 524: 521: 519: 516: 514: 511: 509: 506: 503: 501: 498: 496:July 29, 1960 495: 492: 488: 485: 483: 480: 478: 475: 473: 470: 467: 465: 462: 459: 456: 452: 449: 447: 446:Kezar Stadium 444: 442: 439: 437: 434: 431: 429: 426: 423: 420: 416: 413: 411: 408: 406: 403: 401: 398: 395: 393: 390: 387: 384: 380: 377: 375: 374:Civic Stadium 372: 370: 367: 365: 362: 359: 357: 354: 351: 348: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 326: 323: 321: 318: 315: 312: 307: 304: 301: 298: 295: 292: 289: 286: 283: 282: 279: 277: 271: 268: 264: 260: 256: 250: 248: 245:'s cavernous 244: 239: 235: 231: 227: 222: 220: 216: 212: 208: 207: 202: 198: 192: 182: 180: 175: 173: 168: 164: 154: 152: 148: 144: 140: 136: 132: 121: 119: 114: 112: 108: 103: 101: 97: 92: 90: 84: 82: 78: 74: 70: 66: 62: 57: 55: 51: 47: 43: 39: 35: 31: 26: 22: 8667: 8612:Head Coach: 8559:Head Coaches 8518: 8510: 8431:Head Coach: 8383: 8352:Head coaches 8311: 8216:Head Coach: 8212:Art Williams 8195:Matt Dunigan 8179:Legion Field 8163:Head coaches 8018:Head Coach: 7981:Head coaches 7940: 7932: 7837:Head Coach: 7768:Head coaches 7727: 7719: 7575:Don Matthews 7573:Head Coach: 7546:Mike Pringle 7526:Karl Anthony 7473:Head coaches 7432: 7424: 7308:Head Coach: 7252:Head coaches 7211: 7203: 7126: 7049:Hall of Fame 6994:Team records 6882:Broadcasting 6755:Grey Cup MVP 6622: 6614: 6574: 6558: 6523: 6370: 6365: 6357: 6206: 6152:. Retrieved 6148:the original 6132: 6110:. Retrieved 6096: 6084:. Retrieved 6070: 6058:. Retrieved 6054:the original 6044: 6032:. Retrieved 6028:the original 6024:Fang's Bites 6023: 6013: 6001:. Retrieved 5997:the original 5987: 5975:. Retrieved 5971:the original 5957: 5945:. Retrieved 5927: 5919: 5903: 5890:. Retrieved 5881: 5872: 5864: 5859: 5849:November 22, 5847:. Retrieved 5837: 5829: 5820: 5809: 5799: 5788: 5778: 5766:. Retrieved 5761: 5752: 5726:. Retrieved 5715: 5705:February 11, 5703:. Retrieved 5689: 5681: 5665: 5660: 5648:. Retrieved 5634: 5622:. Retrieved 5606:. Lulu.com. 5602: 5595: 5583:. Retrieved 5574: 5565: 5557: 5552: 5540:. Retrieved 5531: 5521: 5513: 5508: 5485: 5477: 5472: 5463: 5451:. Retrieved 5442: 5433: 5421:. Retrieved 5412: 5403: 5391:. Retrieved 5382: 5373: 5361:. Retrieved 5352: 5342: 5334: 5314:. Retrieved 5310: 5300: 5291: 5285: 5273:. Retrieved 5259: 5247:. Retrieved 5238: 5229: 5221: 5216: 5196:Ralph, Dan. 5175:. 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Retrieved 2780: 2754:, retrieved 2750:the original 2745: 2736: 2703: 2671: 2573: 2568: 2442:Art Williams 2418:Legion Field 2287:Don Matthews 2204:Tom Huiskens 2120: 2116: 2095: 2064: 1992: 1985: 1981: 1977:Matt Dunigan 1973: 1948: 1943:Bruce McNall 1915: 1907: 1903: 1886:NFL's Oilers 1867: 1858:Kurt Schmoke 1852: 1848:Inner Harbor 1844: 1839:Ralph Wilson 1829:Pittsburgh's 1813: 1792: 1784: 1781: 1772: 1751: 1737: 1724:Mike Pringle 1717: 1602: 1594:Joe Ferguson 1583: 1568: 1555: 1547:Liberty Bowl 1529: 1502:Matt Dunigan 1494:Legion Field 1490:Art Williams 1483: 1475: 1444: 1409: 1365: 1340: 1336: 1305: 1228:Baltimore FC 1206: 1178:Don Matthews 1174: 1147: 1111: 1081: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1031: 1020: 1002: 1000:in Calgary. 994: 962:Bruce McNall 955: 932: 924:Jake Gaudaur 916: 734: 714: 680:Baltimore FC 604:July 9, 1967 272: 251: 243:Philadelphia 223: 204: 194: 176: 160: 127: 115: 104: 93: 85: 68: 58: 40:through the 27: 25: 8513:San Antonio 8400:Damon Allen 8218:Jack Pardee 7833:Nick Mileti 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